S-1
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 23, 2020

Registration No. 333-          

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

Sotera Health Company

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   7389   47-3531161

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

  (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

 

 

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147

(440) 262-1410

(Address including zip code, telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

 

 

Matthew J. Klaben, Esq.

Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Sotera Health Company

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147

(440) 262-1409

(Name, address including zip code, telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Copies To:

David Lopez, Esq.

Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP

One Liberty Plaza

New York, New York 10006

(212) 225-2000

 

Arthur D. Robinson, Esq.

John C. Ericson, Esq.

Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP

425 Lexington Avenue

New York, New York 10017

(212) 455-2000

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date hereof.

If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ☐

If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer      Accelerated filer  

 

Non-accelerated filer

     Smaller reporting company  
    

 

Emerging growth company

 

 

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of each class of securities to be registered (1)  

Proposed maximum

aggregate offering

price (1)(2)

 

Amount of

registration fees

Common stock, $0.01 par value per share

  $100,000,000   $10,910

 

 

(1)

Includes shares of common stock that the underwriters may purchase, including pursuant to the option to purchase additional shares, if any.

(2)

Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED OCTOBER 23, 2020

Preliminary Prospectus

                Shares

 

LOGO

Sotera Health Company

Common Stock

 

 

This is the initial public offering of shares of common stock of Sotera Health Company.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price of the common stock is expected to be between $             and $            per share. We have applied to list our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “SHC.”

After the completion of this offering, investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus LLC and investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR, LLC together will own approximately     % of the voting power of our common stock, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares. As a result, we may be considered a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards, and therefore we expect to also qualify for exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements. See “Management and Board of Directors.”

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements. See “Prospectus Summary—Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company.”

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 21 to read about factors you should consider before deciding to invest in our common stock.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

     Per share      Total  

Initial public offering price

   $                    $                

Underwriting discounts

   $        $    

Proceeds to us, before expenses

   $        $    

 

(1)

We have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for certain expenses in connection with this offering. See “Underwriting.”

We have granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to                     additional shares of common stock at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discount for a period of 30 days after the date of this prospectus.

Delivery of the shares of common stock will be made on or about                 , 2020.

 

J.P. Morgan   Credit Suisse    Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC   

Jefferies

 

Barclays    Citigroup    RBC Capital Markets

 

BNP PARIBAS               KeyBanc Capital Markets    Citizens Capital Markets            ING

Prospectus dated                 , 2020.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

SUMMARY

     1  

RISK FACTORS

     21  

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

     52  

USE OF PROCEEDS

     54  

DIVIDEND POLICY

     55  

CAPITALIZATION

     56  

DILUTION

     58  

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

     60  

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

     63  

BUSINESS

     90  

MANAGEMENT AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS

     122  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

     131  

CORPORATE REORGANIZATION

     139  

PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

     142  

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

     144  

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

     151  

DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS

     157  

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

     162  

MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS

     164  

UNDERWRITING

     166  

LEGAL MATTERS

     173  

EXPERTS

     173  

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     174  

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

     F-1  

Through and including                , 2020 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus and any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on our behalf that we have referred you to. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with different or additional information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use with respect to this offering. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you or any representation that others may make to you. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state, country or other jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any free writing prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of the applicable document regardless of its time of delivery or the time of any sales of our common stock. Our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations may have changed since the date of the applicable document. Information contained in our web site does not constitute part of this prospectus.

No action is being taken in any jurisdiction outside the United States to permit a public offering of our common stock. Persons who come into possession of this prospectus in jurisdictions outside the United States are required to inform themselves about and to observe any restriction as to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus applicable to those jurisdictions.

 

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Certain Trademarks, Service Marks and Trade Names

We own or otherwise have rights to the trademarks, service marks and trade names, including those mentioned in this prospectus, used in conjunction with the marketing and sale of our products and services. This prospectus includes trademarks, service marks and trade names, which are protected under applicable intellectual property laws and are our property and/or the property of our subsidiaries. This prospectus may also contain trademarks, service marks and trade names of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trademarks, service marks or trade names to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other companies. Solely for convenience, trademarks, service marks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ®, , or SM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensor, to these trademarks, service marks and trade names.

Market, Industry and Other Data

Historical and current market data used throughout this prospectus were obtained from internal company analyses, consultants’ reports and industry publications. Industry surveys and publications generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. This information involves many assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to these estimates and information. We have not independently verified this market data. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding any industry or similar data presented herein, such data involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the “Risk Factors” section in this prospectus.

 

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SUMMARY

The following summary highlights selected information about our company and this offering that is included elsewhere in this prospectus in greater detail. It does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our common stock. For a more comprehensive understanding of our company and this offering, you should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the information presented under the heading “Risk Factors,” “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Selected Consolidated Financial Information,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.

In this prospectus, unless we indicate otherwise or the context requires, “Sotera Health,” “Sotera Health Company,” “our company,” “the company,” “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer to Sotera Health Company and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Our Company

Overview

 

 

LOGO

We are a leading global provider of mission-critical sterilization and lab testing and advisory services to the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. We are driven by our mission: Safeguarding Global Health®. We



 

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provide end-to-end sterilization as well as microbiological and analytical lab testing and advisory services to help ensure that medical, pharmaceutical and food products are safe for healthcare practitioners, patients and consumers in the United States and around the world. Our customers include more than 40 of the top 50 medical device companies and eight of the top ten global pharmaceutical companies (based on revenue). Our services are an essential aspect of our customers’ manufacturing process and supply chains, helping to ensure sterilized medical products reach healthcare practitioners and patients. Most of these services are necessary for our customers to satisfy applicable government requirements. We give our customers confidence that their products meet regulatory, safety and effectiveness requirements. With a combined tenure across our businesses of nearly 200 years and our industry-recognized scientific and technological expertise, we help to ensure the safety of millions of patients and healthcare practitioners around the world every year. Across our 63 facilities worldwide, we have nearly 2,900 employees who are dedicated to safety and quality. We are a trusted partner to more than 5,800 customers in over 50 countries.

Our Businesses

We serve our customers throughout their product lifecycles, from product design to manufacturing and delivery, helping to ensure the sterility, effectiveness and safety of their products for the end user. We operate across two core businesses: sterilization services and lab services. Each of our businesses has a long-standing record and is a leader in its respective market, supported and connected by our core capabilities including deep end market, regulatory, technical and logistics expertise. The combination of Sterigenics, our terminal sterilization business, and Nordion, our Cobalt-60 (“Co-60”) supply business, makes us the only vertically integrated global gamma sterilization provider in the sterilization industry. This provides us with additional insights and allows us to better serve our customers.

 

   

Sterilization Services (our Sterigenics and Nordion brands):

 

   

Under our Sterigenics brand, we provide outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets. Terminal sterilization is the process of sterilizing a product in its final packaging. It is an essential, and often government-mandated, step in the manufacturing process of healthcare products before they are shipped to end-users. These products include medical protective barriers, including personal protective equipment (“PPE”), procedure kits and trays, implants, syringes, catheters, wound care products, laboratory products and pharmaceuticals. We offer our customers a complete range of outsourced terminal sterilization services, primarily using the three major sterilization technologies: gamma irradiation, ethylene oxide (“EO”) processing and electron beam (“E-beam”) irradiation.

 

   

Gamma irradiation: A process in which products are exposed to gamma rays emitted by Co-60. Gamma rays can penetrate even dense materials to kill microbes. Gamma is particularly effective at sterilizing high-density medical products such as sutures, surgical tools and stents.

 

   

EO processing: A gas sterilization process in which pallets of packaged goods are loaded into a secure chamber that is then injected with EO gas to penetrate the packaging. EO is the most widely used gaseous sterilization agent in the world and has been in use for nearly 90 years. The broad application to a range of medical devices is attributed to the fact that EO is compatible with many materials that cannot tolerate or are degraded by radiation or moist heat sterilization. For this reason, it is commonly the only method available to safely and effectively sterilize procedure kits, PPE and many devices used in cardiac procedures.

 

   

E-beam irradiation: A process in which products are exposed to machine-generated radiation in the form of a stream of electrons. E-beam is particularly effective for low density homogenous products such as glass labware. Several medical devices products also rely on E-beam as an effective form of sterilization, including certain types of syringes. In addition to medical device



 

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sterilization, E-beam can also be used as an effective technology for materials modification, such as the crosslinking of certain polymers or for enriching the color of gemstones.

 

   

Under our Nordion brand, we are the leading global provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are key components to the gamma sterilization process. Co-60 is a radioactive isotope that is needed by medical device manufacturers and sterilizers including Sterigenics. Co-60 decays and must be replaced over time to produce the desired level of irradiation. We have the most comprehensive access to nuclear power reactor operators around the world which are able to produce Co-60. The capabilities that we provide to Nordion’s customers include handling and processing of Co-60, recycling of depleted sources and global logistics enabled by our licensed container fleet. We are integral to our customers’ operations due to highly coordinated and complex installation processes. In addition, under our Nordion brand, we are a leading supplier of Co-60 sources for stereotactic radiosurgery devices (such as the Gamma Knife®), which are used for certain oncology applications.

 

   

Lab Services (our Nelson Labs brand):

 

   

Under our Nelson Labs brand, we are a global leader in outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. We provide our customers mission-critical lab testing services, which assess the product quality, effectiveness, patient safety and end-to-end sterility of products. These services are necessary for our customers’ regulatory approvals, product releases and ongoing product performance evaluations.

 

   

Microbiology testing services help to identify and measure the potential risks of microbes to a product and ensure that the quality of the products is maintained.

 

   

Analytical chemistry lab testing is also a critical part of the pharmaceutical drug and medical device development and manufacturing process. This testing provides first-hand information as to the content, quality and safety of raw materials, intermediates and finished products.

 

   

We also provide expert advisory services to aid customers in navigating the regulatory requirements applicable throughout the product lifecycle.

Nelson Labs serves over 3,800 customers across 13 facilities in the United States, Mexico, Asia and Europe. We have a comprehensive array of over 800 laboratory tests supporting our customers from initial product development and sterilization validation, through regulatory approval and ongoing product testing for sterility, safety and quality assurance. Our customers rely on our expertise in their industries to get their medical device and pharmaceutical products to market.

 

   

Medical device lab testing services include: microbiology, biocompatibility and toxicology assessments, material characterization, sterilization validation, sterility assurance, packaging validation and distribution simulation, reprocessing validations, facility and process validation and performance validation and verification of PPE barriers and material.

 

   

Pharmaceutical lab testing services include: microbiology, biocompatibility and toxicology assessments, extractables and leachables evaluations of pharmaceutical containers, sterilization validation, sterility assurance, packaging validation and distribution simulation and facility and process validation.

Nelson Labs is highly complementary to our sterilization services business. In particular, microbiological testing validates the configuration and effectiveness of the sterilization process.

We believe that our sterilization service offerings, our Co-60 supply capabilities and the broad capabilities of our lab services business give us unique insights and technical expertise to serve the mission-critical needs of medical device and pharmaceutical manufacturers. We believe these provide us with a competitive advantage over other outsourced sterilization and lab testing service providers.



 

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Our Markets and Customers

Medical device and pharmaceutical manufacturers often outsource their sterilization and lab services needs, as the technical and regulatory expertise and infrastructure required to establish those capabilities in-house can result in significant cost and resource burden.

We estimate that the total global addressable market for terminal sterilization and outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing was approximately $33 billion in 2019. Global terminal sterilization accounted for $3 billion of our estimated total addressable market in 2019. Global outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing services accounted for approximately $29 billion of our estimated total addressable market in 2019, with approximately $3 billion attributable to medical devices and approximately $26 billion attributable to pharmaceuticals. We believe the following secular trends underpin increasing demand for medical devices and pharmaceuticals: an aging population, increased access to, and demand for, healthcare services globally, growth in healthcare R&D spending and innovation, intensifying regulatory requirements and heightened focus on personal safety. As a service provider to manufacturers, we are not directly exposed to risks associated with reimbursement by public or private payors. We expect that increasing utilization of medical devices, including the equipment and consumables that we sterilize and test, expansion in pharmaceutical development and a growing focus on microbial decontamination (including viruses) will continue to drive growth in our business and provide us the opportunity to expand within our markets.

Our customers depend upon the end-to-end services we provide throughout the lifecycle of their products, from research and development, to product manufacturing and sterilization, as well as ongoing quality control. We often maintain long-term relationships with our customers, which average over a decade across our top 25 customers in 2019. We also benefit from minimal customer concentration, as no single customer accounted for more than 4% of our total revenues in 2019. Given the critical nature of our services, a significant portion of our revenues is supported by multi-year contracts. More than 90% of our sterilization services revenues in each of the year ended December 31, 2019 and the six months ended June 30, 2020 were from customers under multi-year contracts. The quality of our service offerings is evidenced by close to 100% renewal rates of our top ten sterilization services customers in 2019 over the past five years. Most of our services are government-mandated and mission-critical, and sterilization services generally represent a small fraction of the total end product cost of medical devices.

Our Network and Expertise

All of the services we provide are highly regulated and require significant technical expertise. To manage these strict regulatory requirements safely and effectively, we have a highly trained and skilled workforce that creates, implements and manages complex quality assurance and environmental health and safety programs, procedures and control systems. We coordinate and communicate with numerous regulatory agencies globally across our businesses on an ongoing and regular basis.

With 63 facilities across our businesses located in 13 countries, our network of global facilities represents a significant competitive advantage in serving the healthcare industry. Our sterilization facilities are often strategically located near our healthcare customers’ manufacturing sites or distribution hubs, which is intended to decrease our customers’ transportation costs and help them optimize their supply chain and logistics. Our laboratory testing facilities are strategically located in order to meet the demanding and often complex needs of our customers. Extensive capital, technical expertise and regulatory knowledge are required to build, maintain and operate facilities like ours. We estimate that one new sterilization facility can cost over $30 million to build, on average, and require extensive and complex licensing approval and regulatory compliance processes. We estimate that the cost to replace the facilities in our network alone could be as high as $1.5 billion or more, in addition to the technical and regulatory requirements.



 

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For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recorded net revenues of $778.3 million, net loss of $20.4 million, Adjusted Net Income of $100.4 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $379.9 million. In addition, for the six months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded net revenues of $401.3 million, net income of $5.3 million, Adjusted Net Income of $55.2 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $206.3 million. For the definition of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA and the reconciliation of these measures from net income (loss), please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data.”

Industry Overview

We expect several positive secular trends to drive increased demand for our services, including:

 

   

Favorable demographic trends for healthcare worldwide: Healthcare demand is increasing globally, driven primarily by an aging population and an increased prevalence of chronic diseases. According to data published by the United Nations in 2019, the world’s population is expected to increase by 2 billion people in the next 30 years. In addition, one in six people are projected to be over the age of 65 globally by 2050, up from one in eleven in 2019. United Nations projections from 2019 also show that the number of people aged 80 or older is expected to triple in the next 30 years. These trends are driven by declining fertility and increasing longevity, as well as international migration. In many regions, the population aged 65 is projected to double by 2050, while global life expectancy beyond 65 is expected to increase by 19 years. In March 2020, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (the “CMS”) estimated that health expenditures in the United States will increase from approximately 18% of gross domestic product in 2018 to approximately 20% in 2028.

 

   

Increased demand for healthcare services in global markets: Stricter healthcare standards coupled with heightened regulatory requirements, greater availability of care and increased patient purchasing power are driving increased demand for healthcare services. In emerging markets, rapid urbanization and rising income, combined with an increase in diseases such as diabetes and cancer, have fueled the growth in access to, and demand for, healthcare services. In addition, the coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic has also increased awareness of the importance of decontamination and sterilization. In 2018, the CMS estimated global healthcare costs to be approximately $4 trillion in 2019 and projected they would reach more than $6 trillion by 2027.

 

   

Growth in R&D spending and innovation across healthcare: The pharmaceutical and medical device industries are continuously innovating and developing new products, which we anticipate will increase the demand for sterilization and lab services. Worldwide pharmaceutical R&D spend is forecasted to grow steadily at a compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”) of approximately 3% between 2019 and 2026, reaching $233 billion by 2026 (EvaluatePharma® July 2020, Evaluate Ltd.). In the medical devices market, the global top twenty companies based on R&D spending spent a combined $18 billion on R&D in 2017 (EvaluateMedTech® World Preview 2018, Evaluate Ltd.). This number is expected to grow at a 4% CAGR, reaching approximately $24 billion by 2024 (EvaluateMedTech® World Preview 2018, Evaluate Ltd.).

Key Strengths

We are a critical service provider in the healthcare value chain. Our customers rely on us to help ensure that medical, pharmaceutical and food products are safe for healthcare practitioners, patients and consumers. We provide services, including sterility assurance, product safety and effectiveness validation, that our customers need to get their products to market and into the hands of their end-users. Our breadth of services, technical and regulatory expertise, as well as our global scale, enable us to provide these mission-critical services which are necessary for Safeguarding Global Health®. These key strengths make us a global leader in our markets.



 

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Comprehensive, global provider of mission-critical sterilization and lab services for the healthcare industry

Our customers value our scale and breadth of services. We offer customers comprehensive sterilization, lab testing and expert advisory services on a global scale. Our customers in the healthcare industry require these services to navigate and operate in an increasingly complex and technical regulatory environment, and we believe we provide a differentiated value proposition to our customers by offering these services in an integrated manner. Our robust sterilization capabilities across all key modalities allow our customers to help ensure the safety of their products prior to delivery to their end-users. We offer over 800 microbiology and analytical chemistry lab tests that, together with our expert advisory services, cover the entirety of the medical device and pharmaceutical product lifecycles to evaluate and ensure that our customers’ products meet regulatory requirements. Our frequent interactions with our customers across multiple facets of their products’ lifecycles give us deep and often early insights into the evolving needs of the manufacturers of medical devices and pharmaceuticals. We have a large, global and strategically-located network of facilities that allows us to deploy the full array of our services to our customers where they need us. These comprehensive and global services make us an essential player across the medical device and pharmaceutical value chain.

Industry leading participant in large and growing markets, underpinned by trends in global healthcare

We estimate that the total global addressable market for terminal sterilization and outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing was approximately $33 billion in 2019. Global terminal sterilization accounted for $3 billion of our estimated total addressable market in 2019. Global outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing services accounted for $29 billion of our total addressable market in 2019.

Given the mission-critical need for our services within the healthcare industry, our growth historically has been impacted by broader global healthcare trends as opposed to macroeconomic trends. Trends including an aging population and increased access to, and demand for, healthcare services globally, have driven increases in volume demand for medical device and pharmaceutical products. In addition, the need for product enhancement and innovation by manufacturers drives further demand for our services. We believe the sterilization and lab services markets will continue to benefit from these trends, as well as from the increasingly complex regulatory and compliance environment and heightened focus by consumers on personal safety. As our customers continue to focus on innovation of their own products, they have increasingly relied on our expertise and our outsourced services to help them get their products to market. We believe our ability to provide end-to-end sterilization and lab services makes us a trusted partner to our customers in these large and growing markets.

Sterilization services business with an established and durable customer base supported by long-term contracts provides highly recurring revenue streams

We provide expertise and end-to-end sterilization services for our customers leading to deep, trusted relationships that allow them to meet their global regulatory compliance needs. Our relationships with our Sterigenics and Nordion customers are typically governed by multi-year contracts with cost pass-through provisions, which have resulted in recurring revenue streams and accretive growth. In addition, these customers often look to us as a long-term provider given switching providers can be costly and burdensome. For example, in most circumstances, switching providers requires additional testing, re-validation and Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) submissions and can take anywhere from six months to three years depending upon the class of product. Our relationships with our top ten sterilization services customers in 2019 had an average tenure of over a decade. Our partnerships with these customers have led to close to 100% renewal rates over the past five years.

Expertise and strong track record in highly regulated markets

We and our customers operate in highly complex and regulated markets that require deep knowledge and technical expertise. We believe that the operational discipline that we employ to manage intricate quality



 

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assurance and environmental health and safety (“EH&S”) programs in our own operations gives our customers confidence that we are the best partner to support them in their businesses. For example, we design and install emission controls in our EO facilities that often outperform the regulatory standards that we are required to meet. We also have a skilled team which has developed trusted relationships with numerous regulatory bodies around the world. For example, in 2019 we were selected by the FDA as one of eight participants to move to the next stage of a public innovation challenge to encourage the development of new approaches to medical device sterilization and new strategies to reduce EO emissions. We work closely with our customers, the FDA and others to consider enhanced EO cycle design and processes that would reduce EO emissions from the EO sterilization process to as close to zero as reasonably possible. Our relationships, combined with our thought leadership that is recognized by regulators and customers alike, enable us to inform the process of creating, interpreting and advising on safety standards. They also allow us to educate and advise our customers on current and newly evolving standards and requirements.

Global scale and integrated facility network provide differentiated services to our customers

We have a global network of 63 facilities, consisting of 50 sterilization services facilities and 13 labs, through which we provide services to more than 5,800 customers that have operations in over 50 countries. We have worked to standardize our enterprise resource planning, global quality and EH&S systems to integrate our network of facilities globally. This integration is critical for our customers, who operate globally and look for partners that can provide the same level of service, experience and expertise wherever they operate. We serve many of our sterilization customers at more than one facility, with more than 80% of Sterigenics’ net revenues attributable to customers using more than one of our facilities and more than 50% of Sterigenics’ net revenues attributable to customers using five or more of our facilities in 2019. The capital to replicate the scale of our global facility network, extensive and complex upfront licensing processes and intense regulatory compliance requirements make it extremely difficult for new competitors to easily enter our markets and replicate our scale. The combination of Sterigenics and Nordion makes us the only vertically integrated global supplier of gamma irradiation services, which allows Nordion to more confidently make long-term investments to expand Co-60 supply for the medical products sterilization industry. We believe our global scale, supported by our integrated facility network and core capabilities including deep end market, regulatory, technical and logistics expertise, will allow us to continue to expand our service offerings and customer base.

Experienced management team with proven track record of execution and financial performance

Our management team has significant industry expertise, an unwavering commitment to operational excellence and a proven track record of delivering financial performance. Our culture of accountability runs throughout the entire organization and has contributed meaningfully to our operational achievements and commercial success. Our management team is supported by nearly 2,900 team members around the world who are dedicated to safety and quality, which is why we are a trusted partner to our customers. We have delivered revenue growth every year since 2005, even through significant economic downturns, and have implemented productivity initiatives which have led to margin expansion. Our team brings extensive experience and is highly skilled at recognizing and acting upon market expansion opportunities. Our disciplined approach to M&A has enabled the successful integration of two transformational and seven bolt-on acquisitions over the past six years. In addition, we are disciplined in our capital deployment strategy, which is focused on achieving attractive returns on investment. We pursue capacity expansions that will allow us to consistently grow earnings.



 

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Our Strategy

Our strategy is designed to deliver on our mission of Safeguarding Global Health®, while generating sustainable growth, margins and cash flows for our business:

Drive organic growth by leveraging our leading capabilities, scale and global network

We believe that our established and durable relationships with our diverse customer base, along with the breadth and depth of our service offerings, provide us with a distinct leadership position within the markets that we serve. Our deep experience in sterilization and lab services allows us to be agile in identifying opportunities and decisive in deploying resources towards these opportunities to drive organic growth. We intend to continue capitalizing on our leadership position and integrated global facility network and capabilities to drive our growth by expanding existing customer relationships and attracting new customers. We also seek to accelerate our penetration in high-growth end-markets such as pharmaceuticals.

Deepen our customer relationships with our comprehensive service offerings in sterilization and lab services

Our customers around the world trust us to provide them with the highest quality sterilization and lab services. We are focused on broadening the number and range of services that each of our customers purchase from us by leveraging our core capabilities. We have continued to work on improving our customer interactions in order to deliver a “one company” experience across our sterilization and lab services so that we can further deepen our customer relationships. We provide comprehensive end-to-end services across our customers’ value chains so they can efficiently deliver the safest products to their end-users. We are the only industry player that offers the range of sterilization and lab services at the scale that we do. We strive for the full integration of our global operations to drive consistency across our services and provide our customers with a coordinated and seamless experience, designed to reduce cycle times for our services and improve efficiency. Our offerings facilitate long-term partnerships with our customers and make us an integral part of their product development and commercialization processes. We have multiple decades of deep expertise across key sterilization modalities as well as lab testing services across our customers’ full product lifecycles. We provide over 800 laboratory tests, which we believe is multiple times the number of offerings of our nearest competitor.

Expand footprint to meet the local needs of our growing global customer base

We are focused on aligning our facility network to best meet our customers’ requirements. We believe our valuable insight into our customers’ current and future needs will allow us to efficiently grow our business. Our global presence reflects our commitment to developing our footprint to serve our customers’ supply chains. Our integrated network of facilities is important to our customers as they can rely on the same level of service at each of our facilities, regardless of where they are around the world. We believe our sterilization services customers are seeking a partner that can operate near their manufacturing sites and distribution centers around the world, as transportation and logistics costs can be meaningful for our customers. In certain circumstances we will invest in projects to build capacity ahead of demand in alignment with the strategic plans of our customers. Our lab services customers are seeking expertise with both international and U.S. regulatory bodies. As our customers expand their global operations, we are well-equipped to expand with them and serve them where they need us.

Invest in technical and regulatory capabilities to enhance our leadership position

Our customers depend on our deep and extensive technical knowhow to get their products to market. We plan to continue to invest in our technical expertise and regulatory knowhow to stay ahead of the dynamic and increasingly complex regulatory landscape in the healthcare industry. Our combination of technical and regulatory expertise allows us to advance the standards of safety for crucial products whose end-users include



 

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healthcare practitioners and patients. As customers look to us for expertise, this landscape creates opportunities for us to drive growth in our advisory services offering. We believe that our position as a key industry thought leader makes us a trusted partner for customers as they are developing new products and a respected industry partner for regulators as they are defining industry standards of safety for the future.

Continue our commitment to operational excellence to drive business efficiency and results

Our focus on operational excellence has allowed us to increase capacity utilization and improve working capital, thereby growing our revenues while expanding margins and improving the customer experience. Our commitment to implementing and improving customer-experience enhancing initiatives and internal processes has been a key driver of our strong financial profile to date. Our customer-facing initiatives around cycle time reduction, quality self-service reporting, purchase order accuracy and scheduling efficiencies highlight our rigorous, detail-oriented approach to operational excellence and connectivity with our long-time customers. These initiatives are designed not only to reduce turnaround times and increase predictability of service for our customers, but also to maximize our financial results. We will continue to address our customers’ expectations through our internal processes centered on talent management, quality, EH&S and information technology. We believe that these processes will enable us to continue to deliver growth, profitability and cash generation.

Pursue value-creating strategic acquisitions to expand our addressable market and enhance our global capabilities and footprint

Our disciplined approach to M&A has resulted in our successful track record of identifying, completing and integrating strategic acquisitions into our company and we intend to continue to pursue value-creating strategic acquisitions. We have implemented a disciplined framework to support our acquisition efforts that focuses on quality businesses that are well-regarded by our customers and aligned with our culture of accountability, customer service and operating with integrity. Illustrating this highly disciplined acquisition framework are our two transformational acquisitions of Nordion and Nelson Labs. In addition to these major acquisitions, we acquired FTSI, Gammarad, CBE, REVISS, Toxikon Europe NV, Gibraltar Laboratories and Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. (“lotron”), which provided geographic, technical and service line expansions. Our acquisition of Nelson Labs expanded our capabilities by creating an enhanced lab services platform to provide microbiology testing within our existing customer end-markets and increasing the number of tests we could provide to our customers. We have a strong foundation to continually evaluate acquisition opportunities that would expand our addressable market and enhance our global capabilities and footprint. We are well positioned to evaluate other acquisitions that leverage our core capabilities while expanding our existing customer relationships. We currently have a significant pipeline of targets, ranging from small, owner operated businesses to larger businesses, and believe that we can identify the appropriate targets and integrate them seamlessly into our business.

Risk Factor Summary

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. These risks are discussed in more detail in “Risk Factors” beginning on page 21, and you should carefully consider these risks before making a decision to invest in our common stock. The following is a summary of some of the principal risks we believe we face:

 

   

disruption in the availability of, or increases in the price of, EO, Co-60 or our direct materials, services and supplies, including as a result of geopolitical instability arising from U.S. relations with Russia and related sanctions;

 

   

changes in industry trends, environmental, health and safety regulations or preferences and general economic, social and business conditions;



 

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health and safety risks associated with the use, transportation and disposal of potentially hazardous materials such as EO and Co-60;

 

   

the impact and outcome of current and future legal proceedings and liability claims, including tort lawsuits alleging personal injury or property devaluation by purported exposure to emissions of EO from our facility in Willowbrook and our facility in Atlanta, the possibility that other claims will be made in the future relating to these or other facilities and any inadequacy of our insurance coverage to pay any judgments rendered against us, including that our per occurrence limit for claims relating to Willowbrook’s EO emissions has been reached;

 

   

compliance with regulatory requirements to which we are subject and the related costs, and any failures to receive or maintain, or delays in receiving, required clearance or approvals;

 

   

competition we face;

 

   

business continuity hazards and other risks associated with our operations;

 

   

our ability to increase capacity at existing facilities, renew leases for our facilities and build new facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner;

 

   

the risks of doing business internationally;

 

   

cyber security breaches and data leaks, and our dependence on information technology systems;

 

   

any inability to pursue strategic transactions, including to find suitable acquisition targets, and our failure to integrate strategic acquisitions successfully into our existing business or realize anticipated cost savings or synergies;

 

   

any inability to implement effective internal controls over financial reporting;

 

   

our history of net operating losses, including a net loss of $20.8 million and $5.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the risk that we may not achieve or maintain profitability in the future;

 

   

our substantial leverage could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, limit our flexibility in operating our business through restrictions contained in our debt agreements and prevent us from meeting our obligations under our existing and future indebtedness. As of July 31, 2020, our indebtedness totaled approximately $             million, and for the six months ended June 30, 2020, our debt service obligations (principal and interest) represented approximately 68% of our net cash flows from operating activities (before giving effect to the payment of interest). As adjusted to give effect to this offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom, as of July 31, 2020, our indebtedness would have totaled approximately $             million, and for the six months ended June 30, 2020, our debt service obligations (principal and interest) would have represented approximately     % of our net cash flows from operating activities (before giving effect to the payment of interest);

 

   

the Sponsors will continue to have substantial control over us after this offering, which could limit your ability to influence the outcome of key transactions, including a change of control; and

 

   

the fact that we may be considered a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards and would qualify for exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements, which means that our stockholders may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to such requirements.



 

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Corporate Information and Structure

Sotera Health Company was incorporated in Delaware in November 2017 as the parent company for Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. In May 2015, investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus LLC (“Warburg Pincus”) or GTCR, LLC (“GTCR”) acquired a controlling interest in our predecessor through Sterigenics-Nordion Topco Parent LLC, now known as Sotera Health Topco Parent, L.P. (“Topco Parent”). On October 23, 2020, we changed our name from Sotera Health Topco, Inc. to Sotera Health Company. The issuer in this offering, Sotera Health Company, is a Delaware corporation and is a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Topco Parent. Pursuant to the terms of the corporate reorganization that will be completed prior to the completion of this offering, Topco Parent will distribute the shares of Sotera Health Company common stock to its partners in accordance with the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent. For more information on our corporate reorganization and ownership of our common stock, see “Corporate Reorganization” and “Principal Stockholders.”

Our principal executive offices are located at 9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300 Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147, and our telephone number is (440) 262-1410. Our corporate website address is www.soterahealth.com. We do not incorporate the information contained on, or accessible through, our corporate website into this prospectus, and you should not consider it part of this prospectus.

Our wholly owned subsidiary, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC (“SHH”) is the borrower under our senior secured first lien credit facilities and the issuer of our senior secured first lien notes and our senior secured second lien notes. We and certain of our domestic subsidiaries are guarantors of SHH’s obligations under our credit facilities and notes.

Principal Stockholders

Following this offering and based on an assumed initial public offering price of $         per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), certain investment funds and entities affiliates of Warburg Pincus and GTCR, which we refer to collectively as the “Sponsors,” will own approximately      % and     %, respectively, of our common stock (approximately     % and     %, respectively, if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full). Together the Sponsors will own, in the aggregate, approximately     % of our common stock (approximately     % if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full).

Warburg Pincus is a global private equity firm focused on growth investing. The firm’s active portfolio of more than 185 companies is highly diversified by stage, sector and geography. It has invested approximately $12.3 billion of equity in the healthcare industry, and possesses direct knowledge of the sterilization services industry’s end markets and medical device customers through its investments in other healthcare companies. Warburg Pincus is an experienced partner to management teams seeking to build durable companies with sustainable value. Founded in 1966, Warburg Pincus has raised over 20 private equity funds with capital commitments totaling $99 billion and has invested more than $88 billion in over 930 companies across 40 countries. The firm is headquartered in New York with offices in Beijing, Berlin, Hong Kong, Houston, London, Mumbai, San Francisco, São Paulo, Shanghai and Singapore.

Founded in 1980, GTCR is a private equity firm focused on investing in growth companies in the Healthcare, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Financial Services & Technology and Growth Business Services industries. The Chicago-based firm pioneered The Leaders Strategy–finding and partnering with management leaders in core domains to identify, acquire and build market-leading companies through transformational acquisitions and organic growth. Since its inception, GTCR has invested more than $18 billion in over 200 companies. GTCR is an active investor in the healthcare products sector and has supported Sotera Health’s significant growth since 2011.



 

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Pursuant to certain agreements to be entered into prior to the consummation of this offering in connection with the corporate reorganization, we will be required to take all necessary action to cause our board of directors to include individuals designated by the Sponsors pursuant to certain ownership thresholds. Warburg Pincus and GTCR, individually, will be required to vote all of their shares, and take all other necessary actions, to cause our board of directors to include the individuals designated as directors by Warburg Pincus and GTCR, as applicable. After the completion of this offering, the Sponsors will control a majority of the voting power of shares of our common stock with respect to the election of directors and will control a majority of the board of directors.

Channels for Disclosure of Information

Following the completion of this offering, we intend to announce material information to the public through filings with the SEC, the investor relations page on our website (www.soterahealth.com), press releases, public conference calls and public webcasts.

Any updates to the list of disclosure channels through which we will announce information will be posted on the investor relations page on our website.

Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company

We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). As an emerging growth company, we may choose to take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements otherwise applicable generally to public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

We may take advantage of these exemptions until such time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, (iii) the date on which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which means the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of the prior June 30 and (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period. We may choose to take advantage of some but not all of these reduced disclosure obligations in future filings. If we do, the information that we provide to stockholders may be different than you might get from other public companies in which you hold stock.

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies or at which time we conclude it is appropriate to avail ourselves of early adoption provisions of applicable standards. As a result, our results of operations and financial statements may not be comparable to the results of operations and financial statements of other companies who have adopted the new or revised accounting standards.

The Offering

 

Common stock offered by us

                shares.

 

Underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares

We may sell up to                 additional shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares.


 

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Common stock to be outstanding after this offering

                shares (or                shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full).

 

Use of proceeds

We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $                (or approximately $                if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full) at an assumed initial public offering price of $                per share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

 

  We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds of this offering to repay $                of our indebtedness, and the balance for working capital and general corporate purposes, which may include the acquisitions of or investments in complementary products, services, technologies or businesses. See “Use of Proceeds.”

 

Dividend policy

We do not expect to pay dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. Instead, we anticipate that all of our earnings in the foreseeable future will be used for the operation and growth of our business and the repayment of indebtedness. See “Dividend Policy.”

 

Risk factors

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our common stock.

 

Stockholders’ agreement

Following the completion of this offering, we will have a stockholders’ agreement with certain holders of our common stock, including the Sponsors, that will provide certain rights to those holders. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Stockholders’ Agreement.”

 

Registration rights agreement

Following the completion of this offering, we will have a registration rights agreement with certain holders of our common stock, including the Sponsors, whereby, following this offering and the expiration of the lock-up agreement with the underwriters in this offering, we may be required to register under the Securities Act the sale of shares of our common stock under specified circumstances. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement.”

 

Proposed Nasdaq symbol

“SHC”

The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after the offering is based on                shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2020 and                shares to be sold in the offering and an assumed initial public offering price of $                per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus).



 

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The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering does not take into account an aggregate of                shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our new equity incentive plan (the “New Equity Plan”), which will become effective in connection with this offering. See “Executive Compensation—Equity Incentive Plan.”

In addition, except as otherwise noted, all information in this prospectus:

 

   

assumes the completion of our corporate reorganization prior to the completion of this offering, including a                 -for-1 stock split on our common stock. See “Corporate Reorganization”;

 

   

gives effect to the amendment and restatement of our certificate of incorporation and amendment and restatement of our bylaws prior to the closing of this offering; and

 

   

assumes the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock.



 

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Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data

The following tables present our summary historical consolidated financial and other data. The summary historical consolidated statements of operations data and statements of cash flows data for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the summary historical balance sheet data as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The summary historical consolidated statements of operations data and statements of cash flows data for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 and the summary historical consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2020 have been derived from our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of our management, reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair presentation of this data.

The following summary consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the information contained in “Use of Proceeds,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of our results in any future period and our results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any full fiscal year.

 

Statement of Operations Data:    Year Ended December 31,     Six Months Ended June 30,  
(in thousands, except per share amounts)    2019     2018     2020     2019  

Revenues:

        

Service

   $ 673,037     $ 615,510     $ 341,849     $ 328,482  

Product

     105,290       130,639       59,436       61,038  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total net revenues

     778,327       746,149       401,285       389,520  

Cost of revenues:

        

Service

     333,290       326,559       163,689       164,467  

Product

     49,606       62,338       22,112       27,087  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues

     382,896       388,897       185,801       191,554  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     395,431       357,252       215,484       197,966  

Operating expenses:

        

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     147,480       133,363       79,737       65,903  

Amortization of intangible assets

     58,562       57,975       29,140       29,504  

Impairment of long-lived assets

     5,792       34,981       —         —    

Impairment of GA-MURR intangible assets

     —         50,086       —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     211,834       276,405       108,877       95,407  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

     183,597       80,847       106,607       102,559  

Interest expense, net

     157,729       143,326       111,812       75,127  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

     30,168       —         —         —    

Foreign exchange (gain) loss

     3,862       13,075       (799     877  

Gain on sale of Medical Isotopes business

     —         (95,910     —         —    

Other income, net

     (7,246     (3,866     (1,208     (4,908
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

     (916     24,222       (3,198     31,463  

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

     19,509       30,098       (8,464     18,592  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     (20,425     (5,876     5,266       12,871  

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

     425       (6     213       186  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the company

   $ (20,850   $ (5,870   $ 5,053     $ 12,685  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 


 

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Statement of Operations Data:    Year Ended December 31,     Six Months Ended June 30,  
(in thousands, except per share amounts)    2019     2018     2020     2019  

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:

        

Pension and post-retirement benefits

   $ (12,126   $ 873     $ 1,240     $ (585

Interest rate swaps

     179       —         (2,014     —    

Foreign currency translation

     27,402       (67,917     (48,527     25,104  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss)

     (4,970     (72,920     (44,035     37,390  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

     310       (186     212       71  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the company

   $ (5,280   $ (72,734   $ (44,247   $ 37,319  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) per share:

        

Basic and Diluted(a)

   $ (6,950   $ (1,957   $ 1,684     $ 4,228  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares used to compute earnings (loss) per share:

        

Basic and Diluted(a)

     3,000       3,000       3,000       3,000  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Pro forma earnings (loss) per share (unaudited):(b)

        

Basic

   $         $      

Diluted

   $         $      
  

 

 

     

 

 

   

Pro forma weighted-average shares used to compute earnings (loss) per share (unaudited):(b)

        

Basic

        

Diluted

        
  

 

 

     

 

 

   

Pro forma as adjusted earnings (loss) per share (unaudited):(b)(c)

        

Basic

   $         $      

Diluted

   $         $      
  

 

 

     

 

 

   

Pro forma as adjusted weighted-average shares used to compute earnings (loss) per share (unaudited):(b)(d)

        

Basic

        

Diluted

        
  

 

 

     

 

 

   
        

Selected cash flow data:

        

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 149,041     $ 119,563     $ 52,687     $ 78,033  

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(e)

     (57,257     96,638       (23,438     (24,868

Net cash used in financing activities

     (126,030     (191,857     (6,518     (17,449

Other data:

        

Adjusted Net Income(f)

   $ 100,386     $ 75,315     $ 55,171     $ 50,599  

Adjusted EBITDA(f)

     379,932       340,637       206,312       190,039  

 

(a)

Does not reflect a         -for-1 stock split to be effected as part of our corporate reorganization to be completed prior to the completion of this offering.

(b)

The pro forma and pro forma as adjusted data give effect to the completion of our corporate reorganization prior to the completion of this offering.

(c)

Pro forma as adjusted earnings (loss) per share has been adjusted to reflect $        million and         million of lower interest expense, net of taxes, for the year ended December 31, 2019 and the six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, related to the repayment of $        of principal amount outstanding under our                    , using a portion of the proceeds of this offering as if such indebtedness had been repaid as of the beginning of the period.

(d)

Pro forma as adjusted weighted-average shares include those shares of common stock to be issued in this offering necessary to pay down $        million principal amount outstanding under our        , based on an



 

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  assumed initial public offering price of $        per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus). Such shares are assumed to have been issued as of the date such indebtedness was incurred for the year ended December 31, 2019 and as of the beginning of the six months ended June 30, 2020.
(e)

Includes purchases of property, plant and equipment of $57,257, $72,613, $23,438 and $24,868, respectively (which includes Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites).

(f)

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. For a definition of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation to net income (loss), see “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

 

     As of
December 31,
     As of June 30, 2020(a)  
     2019     2018      Actual     Pro
Forma(a)
     Pro
Forma As
Adjusted (b)(c)
 
                        (unaudited)      (unaudited)  
Balance Sheet Data (as of period end):                                 
(in thousands)                                 

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 62,863     $ 96,272      $ 86,195     $                    $                

Working capital(d)

     128,364       169,488        144,489       

Total assets

     2,580,674       2,708,584        2,558,977       

Total long-term debt (including current portion)

     2,817,204       2,204,906        2,816,414       

Total liabilities

     3,221,806       2,663,093        3,241,027       

Total equity (deficit) attributable to the company

     (642,574     44,359        (683,704     

Noncontrolling interests

     1,442       1,132        1,654       

Total equity (deficit)

     (641,132     45,491        (682,050     

 

(a)

The pro forma balance sheet data (a) give effect to the completion of our corporate reorganization prior to the completion of this offering (see “Corporate Reorganization”) and (b) reflect the share-based compensation expense of $             associated with Class B-2 Units that we will recognize upon the listing and public trading of our common stock, which has been reflected as an increase to additional paid-in capital with an equal and offsetting increase to retained deficit.

(b)

The pro forma as adjusted balance sheet data gives further effect to (a) the sale of         shares of our common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $         per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range on the cover of this prospectus), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expense, and (b) the application of the net proceeds from this offering to repay $        million of our outstanding indebtedness (as described under “Use of Proceeds”).

(c)

Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $        per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would decrease or increase each of our total long-term debt and total liabilities by $        million and increase or decrease each of our total equity (deficit) attributable to the company and total equity (deficit) by $        million, assuming no change in the assumed number of shares offered by us, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Each increase or decrease of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares offered by us would decrease or increase each of our total long-term debt and total liabilities by $        million and increase or decrease each of our total equity (deficit) attributable to the company and total equity (deficit) by $        million, assuming no change in the assumed initial public offering price and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

(d)

Working capital represents current assets less current liabilities.



 

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with GAAP, we consider Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, financial measures that are not based on any standardized methodology prescribed by GAAP.

We define Adjusted Net Income as net income (loss) before amortization and certain other adjustments that we do not consider in our evaluation of our ongoing operating performance from period to period as discussed further below. We define Adjusted EBITDA as Adjusted Net Income before interest expense, depreciation (including depreciation of Co-60 used in our operations) and income tax provision applicable to Adjusted Net Income.

We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP financial measures, as the principal measures of our operating performance. Management believes Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are useful because they allow management to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without the impact of certain non-cash items and non-routine items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future and other items that are not core to our operations. We believe that these measures are useful to our investors because it provides a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business than could be obtained absent this disclosure. In addition, we believe Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA will assist investors in making comparisons to our historical operating results and analyzing the underlying performance of our operations for the periods presented. Our management also uses Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA in their financial analysis and operational decision-making and Adjusted EBITDA serves as the metric for attainment of our primary annual incentive program. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be comparable to, a similarly titled measure used by other companies.

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are a number of limitations related to the use of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA rather than net income (loss), the nearest GAAP equivalent. For example, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA exclude:

 

   

certain recurring non-cash charges such as depreciation of fixed assets, although these assets may have to be replaced in the future, as well as amortization of acquired intangible assets and asset retirement obligations;

 

   

costs of acquiring and integrating businesses, which will continue to be a part of our growth strategy;

 

   

non-cash gains or losses from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily related to remeasurement of intercompany loans denominated in currencies other than subsidiaries’ functional currencies, and the mark-to-fair value of embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion;

 

   

impairment charges on long-lived assets and intangible assets;

 

   

expenses and charges related to the litigation and other activities associated with our ethylene oxide sterilization facilities in Willowbrook, Illinois and Atlanta, Georgia, even though that litigation remains ongoing;

 

   

in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, interest expense or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our indebtedness; and

 

   

share-based compensation expense, which has been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a significant recurring expense and an important part of our compensation strategy.



 

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In evaluating Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future, we will incur expenses similar to the adjustments in this presentation. Our presentations of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as suggesting that our future results will be unaffected by these expenses or any unusual or non-recurring items. When evaluating our performance, you should consider Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including our net income (loss) and other GAAP measures.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, for each of the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,     Six Months Ended June 30,  
(in thousands)          2019                 2018                 2020                 2019        

Net income (loss)

   $ (20,425   $ (5,876   $ 5,266     $ 12,871  

Amortization expense

     80,048       79,906       39,624       40,222  

Impairment of long-lived assets and intangible assets (a)

     5,792       85,067       —         —    

Gain on sale of Medical Isotopes business (b)

     —         (95,910     —         —    

Share-based compensation (c)

     16,882       6,943       3,118       3,454  

One-time bonuses (d)

     2,040       —         —         —    

(Gain) loss on foreign currency and embedded derivatives (e)

     2,662       14,095       1,244       (967

Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net (f)

     (318     1,168       2,289       (558

Business optimization project expenses (g)

     4,195       8,805       1,799       1,165  

Plant closure expense (h)

     1,712       —         1,222       —    

Loss on extinguishment of debt (i)

     30,168       —         —         —    

Professional services relating to Willowbrook and Atlanta facilities (j)

     11,216       4,739       13,640       5,805  

Accretion of asset retirement obligation (k)

     2,051       1,366       982       974  

COVID-19 expenses (l)

     —         —         2,347       —    

Income tax benefit associated with pre-tax adjustments (m)

     (35,637     (24,988     (16,360     (12,367
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted Net Income

     100,386       75,315       55,171       50,599  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest expense, net

     157,729       143,326       111,812       75,127  

Depreciation (n)

     66,671       66,910       31,433       33,354  

Income tax provision (benefit) applicable to Adjusted Net Income (o)

     55,146       55,086       7,896       30,959  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 379,932     $ 340,637     $ 206,312     $ 190,039  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a)

For 2019, represents impairment charges related to the decision to not reopen the Willowbrook facility in September 2019. For 2018, represents impairment charges associated with the withdrawal of the GA-MURR project.

(b)

Represents the gain on the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in July 2018.

(c)

Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense. In 2019, also includes $10.0 million of one-time cash share-based compensation expense related to the Class C Performance Vesting Units, which vested in the third quarter of 2019 based on the achievement of the aggregate distributions to the Class A Unitholder Members and the approval of the board of Topco Parent for accelerated vesting.

(d)

Represents one-time cash bonuses for members of management relating to capital markets activity in 2019.



 

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(e)

Represents the effects of (i) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily related to remeasurement of intercompany loans denominated in currencies other than subsidiaries’ functional currencies, and (ii) non-cash mark-to-fair value of embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion.

(f)

Represents (i) certain direct and incremental costs related to the acquisition of Toxikon Europe NV (“Nelson Europe”) in 2017, Gibraltar Laboratories, Inc. (“Nelson Fairfield”) in 2018 and Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. in July 2020, and certain related integration efforts as a result of those acquisitions, (ii) the earnings impact of fair value adjustments (excluding those recognized within amortization expense) resulting from the businesses acquired, and (iii) transition services income and non-cash deferred lease income associated with the terms of the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in 2018.

(g)

Represents professional fees, contract termination and exit costs, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with business optimization and cost savings projects relating to the integrations of Nordion and Nelson Labs, including the divestiture of Medical Isotopes, the withdrawal from the GA-MURR project, the Sotera Health rebranding, operating structure realignment and other process enhancement projects.

(h)

Represents professional fees, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with the closure of the Willowbrook facility.

(i)

Represents one-time expenses incurred in connection with the refinancing of our debt capital structure in December 2019, including accelerated amortization of prior debt issuance and discount costs, premiums paid in connection with early extinguishment and debt issuance and discount costs incurred for the new debt.

(j)

Represents professional fees related to litigation associated with our EO sterilization facilities in Willowbrook and Atlanta and other related activities. See “Business—Legal Proceedings.”

(k)

Represents the non-cash accretion of asset retirement obligations related to Co-60 and gamma processing facilities, which are based on estimated site remediation costs for any future decommissioning of these facilities (without regard for whether the decommissioning services would be performed by employees of Nordion, instead of by a third party) and are accreted over the life of the asset.

(l)

Represents non-recurring costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including donations to related charitable causes and special bonuses for front-line personnel working on-site during lockdown periods.

(m)

Represents the tax benefit or provision associated with the reconciling items between net income (loss) and Adjusted Net Income. To determine the aggregate tax effect of the reconciling items, we utilized statutory income tax rates ranging from 0% to 35%, depending upon the applicable jurisdictions of each adjustment.

(n)

Includes depreciation of Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites.

(o)

Represents the difference between income tax expense or benefit as determined under U.S. GAAP and the income tax benefit associated with pre-tax adjustments described in footnote (m).



 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risks before deciding to invest in our common stock. The occurrence of any of the following risks could harm our business, revenue and financial results. In addition, risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial could also harm our business, revenue and financial results. If any of these risks occur, the value of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to the Company

We depend on a limited number of counterparties that provide the materials and resources we need to operate our business. Any disruption in the availability of, or increases in the price of, EO, Co-60 or our other direct materials, services and supplies, including as a result of current geopolitical instability arising from U.S. relations with Russia and related sanctions, may have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

We purchase certain direct materials, equipment and services necessary for the provision of our specialized products and services from a sole or limited number of suppliers and subcontractors, and purchase large quantities of product from an individual supplier in certain cases. If one or more of our significant suppliers or service providers were unable to meet their obligations under present arrangements, direct materials or equipment were to become unavailable within the geographic area from which they are now sourced, or supplies were otherwise constrained or disrupted for any reason (including as a result of a natural disaster or other adverse occurrence), we may incur increased costs for our direct materials or equipment and may be unable to accommodate new business or meet our current customer commitments. For example, in the United States there is a single supplier of EO for our sterilization business. Further, our reliance on a single or limited number of suppliers may limit our negotiating power, particularly during times of rising direct material costs.

We source a substantial portion of our Co-60 supply from three nuclear reactor operators in Canada and Russia under contracts that extend to between 2024 and 2064. See “Business—Our Businesses—Nordion—Nuclear Reactor Operators.” If there were a decrease in output or disruption at any of these reactors (including as a result of a natural disaster or other adverse occurrence), the counterparties failed to perform under their agreements with us or declined to enter into renewal contracts with us for our future supply needs and we are unable to obtain supply from other sources, or if such sources begin to compete with us in one or more geographies, this could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, a number of reactors that have the capacity to generate Co-60 are government owned. Priorities of governments can change. Any repurposing of a government-owned reactor that generates Co-60 for an alternative use has in the past and could in the future lead to a decrease in Co-60 availability, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Further, approximately 20% of our supply of Co-60 currently is generated by Russian nuclear reactors. Over the next few years, we expect that there will be periods when, due to planned or unplanned outages and variability in supply from individual reactors, the proportion of our supply from Russian reactors may increase to as much as 50% for a given year. The United States, Canada and the European Union have imposed sanctions against Russian officials and certain Russian companies and individuals. Russia has responded with countermeasures, including limiting the import of certain goods from the United States and other countries. Expanded sanctions could target government-owned operations, including Russian nuclear reactor operators, and could prevent us from doing business with them. The U.S. government has also implemented certain sanctions targeting non-U.S. persons for activities conducted outside the United States that involve specific sanctions targets or certain activities related to sanctioned countries, any of which could prohibit us from conducting routine commercial transactions with Russian entities that are engaged in certain transactions related to sanctioned countries or sanctioned parties. If the U.S. government significantly broadens the scope of, or Canada or the European Union imposes, sanctions against Russia and prevents the importation of Russian-sourced Co-60 or the Russian government responds with further countersanctions, it may make it generally more difficult to do

 

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business with Russian entities. Any sanctions or countermeasures could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Any interruptions that we experience with our key suppliers, regarding the availability of Co-60, changes in regulatory requirements regarding the use of Co-60 or unavailability or short-supply of raw materials or services, may disrupt or cause a shutdown of portions of our operations, materially increase our costs or have other adverse consequences on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Industry trends could impact the demand for our products and services and could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Industry trends that affect medical device, pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies affect our business. The medical device industry is characterized by frequent product development and technological advances, which may reduce demand for our sterilizing and testing services if our existing services no longer meet our customers’ requirements. Any significant decrease in life science research and development expenditures by medical device, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, including as a result of a general economic slowdown, could in turn impact the volumes of medical products that require sterilization or lab testing services. Future demand for Co-60 or our sterilization services could also be adversely impacted by changes to preferred sterilization modalities. Our ability to adapt our business to meet evolving customer needs depends upon the development and successful commercialization of new services, new or improved technologies and additional applications of our technology for our customers’ new products. We can give no assurance that any such new services will be successful or that they will be accepted in the marketplace. Any failure to develop or commercialize new services and technologies and any decrease in demand for our products or services could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

If changes in healthcare regulations or other developments in the healthcare industry, including concerns around single-use medical devices, were to lead to a material reduction in medical procedures or use of medical devices, demand for our services could be adversely affected. Demand for our products and services may also be affected by changes from time to time in the laws and regulations that govern our operations and industry, including the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, which in turn impact industry trends. New regulatory requirements could lead to changes in the medical device industry and the behavior of our customers that are difficult to predict but could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. Further, if any significant disposal restrictions or requirements are imposed that materially increase the cost or administrative burden of the disposal process for single-use medical devices, hospitals and other end-users of such devices might decrease their use of such devices in favor of reusable medical products, which would decrease the demand for our services, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Changes in environmental, health and safety regulations or preferences may negatively impact our business.

Federal, state and international authorities regulate the operation of our gamma irradiation and EO processing plants, as well as the operations of our customers. If any of the regulators that govern our operations or the operations of our customers were to institute severely restrictive policies or regulations that increase our costs or change the preferences or requirements of our customers, demand for our products and services may be materially affected. Additionally, certain regulators, including the FDA, have started initiatives to encourage development of sterilization alternatives to EO processing. We have taken part in some of these initiatives. We have made proactive, voluntary investments to enhance emissions controls. However, new regulations or changes to existing or expected regulations may require additional investments in new emissions control technology or otherwise increase the cost of our gamma irradiation or EO processing. Reconfiguring a gamma irradiation or EO processing plant so that it is suitable for a different sterilization technology, in response to changes in demand or other factors, would require significant capital investment and require us to suspend operations at the affected

 

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facility during the conversion. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Safety risks associated with the use and disposal of potentially hazardous materials, such as EO and Co-60, may result in accidents or liabilities that materially affect our results of operations.

EO is flammable and potentially explosive. An explosion or fire could occur at the sterilization facilities at which we use EO, including due to an accidental ignition of EO in an uncontrolled environment. Particular care must be exercised in order to avoid inadvertently causing an explosion or fire, which could interrupt our normal operations at or cause a shut-down of the affected facility while repairs are made. Any EO explosion or similar incident could result in the closure of our facilities, workplace injuries, property damage or otherwise adversely affect our business.

Because Co-60 is radioactive, its containment is very important in preventing contamination or improper exposure. If the double-encapsulated Co-60 pencils were to become damaged or corroded, Co-60 sources could develop a source leak, leading to radioactive contamination requiring comprehensive clean-up of the storage pool. Similarly, physical damage to the protective stainless-steel covering during the process of adding or removing Co-60 rods from an irradiator could also result in a source leak and contamination incident. Clean-up and disposal costs for damaged Co-60 rods and radioactive contamination could be significant. If any liability claims are made against us in the future, we could be liable for damages that are alleged to have resulted from such exposure or contamination.

In addition, these materials must be handled and disposed of properly. Accidents involving disposal or handling of these substances, including accidents resulting from employees failing to follow safety protocols, could result in injury to property, the environment and human health, as well as possible disruptions, restrictions or delays in production, and have in the past and could in the future result in claims relating to such events. For example, members of our workforce in the past have been injured in our facilities. Any injuries or damage to persons, equipment or property or other disruption in the disposal, production, processing or distribution of products could result in a significant decrease in operating revenue, a significant increase in costs to replace or repair and insure our assets and substantial reputational harm, which could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations, and could have legal consequences that affect our ability to continue to operate the affected facility. Our customers served by an affected facility could choose to switch to an alternative sterilization service provider.

Any incident occurring at any of our EO or gamma facilities that causes harm to workers or others or the interruption of normal operations at the affected facility could result in substantial liability to us. We are currently the subject of lawsuits alleging that purported EO emissions from certain of our current and former facilities have resulted in toxicological or health-related impact on the environment, the communities that surround our facility and a customer’s employees. We deny these allegations and intend to vigorously defend against these claims. We have also from time to time been involved with workers’ compensation claims relating to potentially hazardous materials. We may be subject to similar claims in the future, and one or more adverse judgments could result in significant liability for us and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “—We are currently defending certain litigation, and we are likely to be subject to additional litigation in the future” and “—Potential health risks associated with the use of EO and Co-60 may subject us to future liability claims.”

Nordion contracts for the activation of Co-59 “targets” (cobalt pellets and slugs) into Co-60 in certain nuclear reactors in Canada and Russia. Our Co-59 targets (and in Canada, our adjuster rods provided to us by a supplier) function as part of the reactors’ reactivity control systems. While national laws or international conventions generally channel liability for nuclear incidents exclusively to reactor operators, equipment suppliers could be subject to lawsuits for damage to the nuclear installation or damages allegedly intentionally caused. While we make efforts to protect our interests through contractual provisions, quality assurance programs and the

 

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nature of our commercial relationships, there is no assurance that any of these measures will prove effective in shielding us from liability, and any such liability or consequences could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operation and financial condition.

We currently carry pollution liability insurance for all our facilities and related operations and liability insurance, including from third party bodily injury or property damage allegedly arising from the storage, use, transportation or accident involving EO and Co-60 sources throughout our operations. However, such insurance may not cover all risks associated with the potential hazards of our business and is subject to limitations, including deductibles and maximum liabilities covered. We may incur losses beyond the limits, or outside the coverage, of our insurance policies. Additionally, our ability to increase pollution liability insurance limits or replace any policies upon their expiration without exclusions for claims related to alleged EO exposure may be adversely impacted by claims against us, including current claims alleging that purported EO emissions from certain of our facilities have resulted in toxicological or health-related impact on the environment, the communities that surround our facility and a customer’s employees. We deny these allegations and are vigorously defending against these claims. To the extent any pollution liability is not covered by our insurance or able to be recovered from other parties, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Safety risks associated with the transportation of potentially hazardous materials, such as EO and Co-60, may result in accidents or liabilities that materially affect our results of operations.

Our products, supplies and by-products are transported through a combination of ground, sea and air transport. Co-60 and EO are radioactive and potentially combustible, respectively, and must be handled carefully and in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. An incident in the transportation of our raw materials, products and by-products or our failure to comply with laws and regulations applicable to the transfer of such products could lead to human injuries or significant property damage, regulatory repercussions or could make it difficult to fulfill our obligations to our customers, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Our EO and Co-60 raw materials are potentially hazardous and could make our facilities and transportation vehicles targets for terrorists, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations. We are subject to stringent requirements regarding how we secure these materials. If our failure to adequately secure these materials leads to their being stolen or materially damaged, our licenses to operate could be suspended resulting in a material adverse effect to our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. Any such incident could also have legal consequences, such as violations of regulatory requirements and/or lawsuits for personal injuries, property damage or diminution, and similar claims could result in substantial liability to us. Additionally, loss of control of Co-60 sources by a customer could result in contamination and significant public health consequences.

Potential health risks associated with the use of EO may subject us to future liability claims and other adverse effects.

Potential health risks associated with exposure to EO under certain conditions subject us to the risk of liability claims being made against us by workers, contractors and others, including individuals who reside or have resided near our EO sterilization facilities and employees of our customers. Assessments of the potential health risks of exposure to EO have evolved over time. For example, although EO is present in the environment from a variety of sources and naturally produced by the human body, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) has identified a potential for increased risk of certain cancers from exposure to EO. In 2016, the USEPA published its Integrated Risk Information System toxicity assessment of EO (the “IRIS Assessment”), and in 2018, the USEPA published its most recent National Air Toxics Assessment, which utilized the IRIS Assessment and data collected in 2014, identifying EO as a potential cancer concern in several areas across the country, including areas surrounding our Willowbrook facility and our facilities in Atlanta and Santa Teresa,

 

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New Mexico. Another organization has disagreed with aspects of the IRIS Assessment on the carcinogenic potency of EO, and we expect risk assessments related to EO will continue to evolve and be examined. We can give no assurance as to their impact on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

We are currently the subject of tort lawsuits alleging personal injury by purported exposure to emissions and releases of EO from our facility in Willowbrook and our facility in Atlanta. Additionally, we are defendants in a lawsuit by certain employees of a contract sterilization customer in Georgia who allege personal injury by workplace exposure to EO. We are also defendants in a lawsuit alleging that our Atlanta facility has devalued and harmed the plaintiffs’ use of a real property they own in Smyrna, Georgia and additional property devaluation claims have been threatened. We deny the allegations and are vigorously defending these claims. See “—We are currently defending certain litigation, and we are likely to be subject to additional litigation in the future.” and “Business—Legal Proceedings.” It is likely that we will be subject to other claims by similar groups of plaintiffs in the future relating to any of our current or former facilities. In addition, we have encountered and will likely continue to encounter resistance, protests or other actions in communities where our existing facilities are located or where we seek to establish or expand facilities based on the perceptions of the risk associated with exposure to EO held by some residents and officials of these communities. This publicity may also have other adverse impacts, including damage to our reputation and public pressure against our facilities that may affect our ability to conduct our business.

Our liability insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover any liabilities arising out of such allegations or remain available to us at acceptable costs. A successful claim brought against us in excess of the insurance coverage then available to us could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

We are currently defending certain litigation, and we are likely to be subject to additional litigation in the future.

Our business exposes us to significant potential risk from lawsuits, investigations and other legal proceedings. We are currently pursuing and defending various proceedings and will likely be subject to additional proceedings in the future, including potential litigation regarding the products and services we provide or which we or our predecessors have provided.

We are currently the subject of tort lawsuits alleging personal injury by purported exposure to emissions and releases of EO from our facility in Willowbrook and our facility in Atlanta. Additionally, we are defendants in a lawsuit by certain employees of a contract sterilization customer in Georgia who allege personal injury by purported workplace exposure to EO. We are also defendants in a lawsuit alleging that our Atlanta facility has devalued and harmed the plaintiffs’ use of a real property they own in Smyrna, Georgia and additional property devaluation claims have been threatened. We deny the allegations and are vigorously defending against the claims. However, one or more adverse judgments could result in significant liability for us and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we have been involved in litigation in Georgia against local officials to allow us to resume operations at our Atlanta facility that had been suspended while we installed enhancements to our EO emissions control systems, as well as to challenge local officials’ unsupported claims of loss of neighboring residential property values in tax assessments. See “Business—Legal Proceedings” for more detail on our pending litigation.

In litigation, including those described above, plaintiffs may seek various remedies, including without limitation declaratory and/or injunctive relief; compensatory or punitive damages; restitution, disgorgement, civil penalties, abatement, attorneys’ fees, costs and/or other relief. Settlement demands may seek significant monetary and other remedies, or otherwise be on terms that we do not consider reasonable under the circumstances. In some instances, even if we comply with applicable laws and regulations, including those relating to emission standards, an adverse judgment or outcome may occur based on other applicable laws or principles of common law, including negligence and strict liability, and result in significant liability and reputational damage for us. It is likely that we will be subject to other claims in addition to those described above by similar groups of plaintiffs in the future relating to any of our current or former facilities or activities. In addition, awards against and settlements by our competitors or publicity associated with our current litigation could incentivize parties to bring additional claims against us.

 

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Any claim brought against us, regardless of its merits, could be costly to defend and could result in an increase of our insurance premiums and exhaust our available insurance coverage. The financial impact of litigation, particularly class action and mass action lawsuits, is difficult to assess or quantify. Some claims brought against us might not be covered by our insurance policies or might exhaust our available insurance coverage for such occurrences. Furthermore, an insurer might refuse coverage, and even where the claim should be covered by insurance, we have significant self-insured retention amounts, which we would have to pay in full before obtaining any insurance proceeds. To the extent our insurance coverage is inadequate and we are not successful in identifying or purchasing additional coverage for such claims, we would have to pay the amount of any settlement or judgment that is in excess of policy limits. We have reached the per occurrence limit of our insurance coverage for claims related to Willowbrook’s EO emissions due to legal costs associated with such claims and have not yet been and likely will not be successful in identifying or purchasing additional coverage for such claims. If any judgments are rendered against us and are upheld on appeal, we would not have insurance coverage to cover such judgment. Claims against us that result in entry of a judgment or we settle that are not covered or not sufficiently covered by insurance policies, or which fall within retained liability under our policies, could have a material adverse impact on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Our business is highly competitive, and if we fail to compete successfully, our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

We face competition from other providers of outsourced sterilization and lab services. In addition, some manufacturers have in-house sterilization and lab testing and related capabilities, and further consolidation within our industry and within our customers’ industries could impact our ability to compete. Further, our competitors and potential competitors are attempting to develop alternate technologies, in particular improved x-ray sterilization technology, which would not be reliant on the availability of Co-60. If any of our competitors significantly expand their sterilization or lab testing facility capacity, including as a result of these alternative technologies, it could lead to price fluctuations and competitive pricing pressure, diminish our profitability or lead to changes in our customer relationships across our business segments. We generally compete on the basis of quality, reputation, the cost of sterilization services, the cost of transportation to and from the sterilization facility and processing turnaround time. If our services, supply, support, distribution or cost structure do not enable us to compete successfully, including against alternative technologies, or we are unable to successfully develop and adopt alternative technologies ourselves, our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. The expansion of alternative sterilization technologies may require us to build new facilities, which can be time-consuming and costly.

If Co-60 source suppliers in other countries, including China, India or Russia, significantly increase their involvement in the global Co-60 sources market, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. Additionally, several customers of our Nordion business are themselves providers of sterilization services and therefore are competitors of our Sterigenics business. If these customers were to shift to a different source for their supply of Co-60 sources, because they prefer to use a supplier not affiliated with us or for any other reason, it could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. Further, if a Nordion customer were to lose market share to a competitor using an alternative sterilization provider, we would similarly lose sales volumes, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Additionally, Nelson Labs faces a wide variety of competitors, including small, specialized niche players, large, broad multinational corporations and internal laboratories that can perform the services that we provide. Shifts in the market that diminish our customers’ preference for outsourcing their testing and large, well-funded competitors entering more directly into the specialized lab services that we provide may adversely affect our business.

 

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Certain of our long-term contracts include variable price clauses and are subject to market changes, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

The aggregate cost of our direct materials and energy represents a significant portion of our cost of revenues. The prices of the direct materials we utilize vary with market conditions and may be highly volatile. Additionally, the cost of energy for some of our facilities is regulated, and we are required to work with the local utility provider, which prevents us from contracting for a lower rate or seeking an alternate supplier. Although we have attempted, and will continue to attempt, to match increases in the prices of direct materials or energy with corresponding increases in prices for our products and services, our ability to pass through increases in the cost of direct materials or energy to customers is highly dependent upon market conditions and we may not be able to immediately raise such prices, if at all. Most of our customer contracts for sterilization services allow us to pass through our direct material costs, but we may not be able to immediately or completely implement increases in the prices of our products and services. Specifically, there is a risk that raising prices charged to our customers could result in a loss of sales volume. Reactions by our customers and competitors to our price increases could cause us to reevaluate and possibly reverse or reduce such price increases. Any increase in the price of one of these materials or energy could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Allegations of our failure to properly perform our services may expose us to potential product liability claims, recalls, penalties and reputational harm or could otherwise cause a material adverse effect on our business.

We face the risk of financial exposure to product and other liability claims alleging that our failure to adequately perform our services resulted in adverse effects, including product recalls or seizures, adverse publicity and safety alerts. In our Sterigenics business, for example, while our customers are generally responsible for determining the cycle parameters (the levels of temperature, humidity and EO concentration to which products are exposed during the sterilization process and the duration of such exposure) or dosage specifications (the amount of gamma or E-beam irradiation to which products are exposed) for their products, we are required to certify that such cycle or dosage parameters were achieved. If we fail to process a customer’s product in accordance with the cycle parameters, dosage specifications or testing requirements prescribed by the customer, our standard contract requires us to inform our customer of the nonconformance, to reprocess or retest the product if that is a feasible alternative and to reimburse the customer (subject to a maximum) for the cost of any such product which is damaged as a result of the nonconformance. We could be held liable in the future for personal injury, contractual or other damages that are alleged to result from improper or incorrect processing, cycle parameters or dosage specifications, testing or product damage. Even where processing occurred within cycle parameters, we have faced in the past and may face in the future claims of personal injury resulting from processing. In our Nelson Labs business, if we fail to perform our services in accordance with regulatory requirements for medical products, regulatory authorities may take action against us or our customers. Regulatory authorities may disqualify certain analyses from consideration in connection with marketing authorizations, which could result in our customers not being able to rely on our services in connection with their submissions, may subject our customers to additional studies or testing and delays in the development or authorization process, and may lead our customers to take actions such as terminating their contracts with us. We could also face claims that we performed erroneous or out-of-specification testing or data integrity complaints, which could require retesting, and which could result in claims of economic or other loss or which could result in personal injury. We derive limited revenue from government customers and our government contracts may contain additional requirements that may increase our costs of doing business, subject us to additional government scrutiny and expose us to liability for failure to comply with contractual requirements. In our Nordion business, our processing and sale of medical-grade Co-60 used for radiation therapy involve an inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims, product recalls and product seizures. In addition, our installation of irradiators for our customers could expose us to design defect product liability claims, whether or not such claims are valid. A product liability judgment against us could also result in substantial and unexpected costs, affect customer confidence in our products, damage our reputation and divert management’s attention from other responsibilities.

Although we maintain product and professional liability insurance coverage in amounts we believe are customary, there can be no assurance that this level of coverage is adequate or that we will be able to continue to maintain our existing insurance or obtain comparable insurance at a reasonable cost, if at all. Our product and

 

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professional liability insurance also does not cover matters related to EO emissions. A product recall or seizure or a partially or completely uninsured judgment against us could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

We are subject to extensive regulatory requirements and routine regulatory audits in our operations. We must receive permits, licenses and/or regulatory clearance or approval for our operations. Compliance with these regulations is costly, and failure to comply with all laws and regulations or to receive or maintain permits, licenses, clearances or approvals may hurt our revenues, profitability, financial condition or value.

Our industry is characterized by evolving regulations, and our operations are subject to extensive regulation in the United States and other countries where we do business. We are regulated by national and local agencies with jurisdiction over a number of areas directly or indirectly related to our businesses, including environmental, nuclear safety, homeland or national security, worker safety and health, food, drug and device manufacturing and marketing, transportation, drug enforcement (governing the handling of controlled substances) and agriculture, fish and wildlife. These laws and regulations regulate our use of potentially hazardous materials, such as EO and Co-60, and can require us to carefully manage, control emissions of or limit human exposure to, these materials. For example, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) regulations and similar laws in other jurisdictions limit worker exposure to EO. In addition, FDA regulations dictate the acceptable amount of EO residue on different types of sterilized products. In most jurisdictions, we are required to maintain and operate pollution control equipment to minimize emissions and releases of EO. Regulations issued by OSHA, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (the “NRC”) and other agencies also require that equipment used at our facilities be designed and operated in a manner that is safe. The use of EO for medical device sterilization is regulated by the USEPA under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (“FIFRA”) and the Clean Air Act (the “CAA”). Our supplier maintains FIFRA registrations for EO as a medical device sterilant for users of EO across the United States. The USEPA is in the process of reviewing EO’s FIFRA re-registration eligibility in accordance with the provisions of FIFRA. As a condition of continued registration, the USEPA may require enhancements to the processes and equipment for use of EO as a medical device sterilant. The USEPA is also expected to propose updated National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (“NESHAP”) air emission regulations for commercial EO sterilization facilities, which have not yet been published and with which sterilization facilities like ours will be required to comply. We expect to incur capital costs for enhancements to our equipment and to implement process automation and emission control enhancements to comply with these and other changing requirements. If the future regulations differ from our current expectation, they may require additional modifications and capital costs beyond what we have budgeted for, which could be material. Any future failure of the USEPA to allow reregistration of EO would have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

In the United States, our gamma irradiation facilities are heavily regulated, including by the NRC and state regulations. These laws and regulations specify the requirements for, among other things, maximum radiation doses, system designs, safety features and alarms and employee monitoring, testing and reporting. While some specific requirements are different in the various jurisdictions other than the United States, the fundamental concepts are consistent, since all are signatories to the International Atomic Energy Agency (“IAEA”) conventions and have adopted safety standards from the IAEA and recommendations from the International Commission on Radiological Protection. The design, construction and operation of sterilization and lab testing facilities are highly regulated and require government licenses, including environmental approvals and permits, and may be subject to the imposition of related conditions that vary by jurisdiction. In some cases, these approvals and permits entail periodic review. We cannot predict whether all licenses required for a new facility will be granted or whether the conditions associated with such licenses will be achievable. Changes in these laws and regulations have the potential to increase our costs.

Additionally, our operations in the United States and the majority of our facilities outside the United States (to the extent we are processing a product in that facility that will end up in the U.S. market) are regulated by the FDA. We are also regulated by other health regulatory authorities in other countries. Specifically, these operations include some of our sterilization and product testing activities that may constitute “manufacturing” activities and are subject to FDA requirements. The FDA may issue Form 483 findings or warning letters or take

 

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other administrative or enforcement actions for noncompliance with FDA laws and regulations and the issues raised by such warning letters require significant resources and time to correct. Failure to comply with regulatory requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business.

To the extent Nordion in the future ceases to operate its facility in Kanata, Canada, Nordion will be responsible for the radiological decommissioning of such facility, including in respect of the portion leased by BWX Technologies, Inc. (“BWXT”) in connection with its acquisition of the Medical Isotopes business to the extent any contamination precedes such transaction. In addition, if Sterigenics in the future ceases to operate any of its irradiation facilities, it will be responsible for decommissioning costs in respect of such facilities. We currently provide financial assurance for approximately $50 million of such decommissioning liabilities in the aggregate in the form of letters of credit, surety bonds or other surety. Such potential decommissioning liabilities may be greater than currently estimated if additional irradiation facilities are licensed, unexpected radioactive contamination of those facilities occur, regulatory requirements change, waste volume increases, or decommissioning cost factors such as waste disposal costs increase.

See “Business—Regulation” for more information on the regulatory requirements of our businesses.

Compliance with these regulations, as well as our own voluntary programs that relate to maintaining the safety of our employees and facilities as well as the environment, may be difficult, burdensome or expensive. Any change in these regulations, the interpretation of such regulations as well as our customers’ perception of such changes will require us to make adaptations that may subject us to additional costs, and ultimate costs and the timing of such costs may be difficult to accurately predict and could be material. Regulatory agencies may refuse to grant approval or clearance or may require the provision of additional data, and regulatory processes may be time consuming and costly, and their outcome may be uncertain in certain of the countries in which we operate. Regulatory agencies may also change policies, adopt additional regulations or revise existing regulations, each of which could impact our ability to provide our services or increase our costs. Additionally, local regulatory authorities may change the way in which they interpret and apply local regulations in response to negative public pressure about our facilities. For example, officials stopped operations at one of our facilities purportedly to review our fire and building code status and certificate of occupancy.

Our failure to comply with the regulatory requirements of these agencies may subject us to administratively or judicially imposed sanctions. These sanctions include, among others, warning letters, fines, civil penalties, criminal penalties, injunctions, debarment, product seizure or detention and total or partial suspension of operations, sale and/or promotion. While we strive to comply with these regulatory requirements, we have not always been and may not always be in compliance and, as a result, can be subject to significant civil and criminal fines and penalties, including the shutdown of our operations. See “Business—Legal Proceedings” and “—Potential health risks associated with the use of EO may subject us to future liability claims and other adverse effects.” The failure to receive or maintain, or delays in the receipt of, relevant U.S. or international regulatory qualifications could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Our operations are subject to a variety of business continuity hazards and risks, including our reliance on the use and sale of products and services from single locations, any of which could interrupt production or operations or otherwise adversely affect our performance, results or value.

In addition to the other risks described in this prospectus, our operations are subject to business continuity hazards and risks that include explosions, fires, earthquakes, inclement weather and other natural disasters; utility or other mechanical failures; unscheduled downtime; labor difficulties; disruption of communications; terrorist, security breach or other workplace violence event; changes in the use of government-owned reactors, including repurposing nuclear facilities; and pandemics or other public health crises.

It can be costly to ship products long distances for the purpose of sterilization; therefore, our ability to offer a full range of sterilization services close to our customers’ manufacturing and distribution centers worldwide is critical for our business. An adverse occurrence at one of our facilities or the facilities of a supplier or customer

 

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could damage our business. While other facilities in our network may have the capacity to service our customers that had been served by an affected facility, we may not be able to transfer all interrupted services. The stringent regulations and requirements we are subject to regarding the manufacture of our products and provision of services and the complexities involved with processing of Co-60 may prevent or delay us from establishing additional or replacement sources for our production facilities. Any event, including those listed above or other circumstances that results in a prolonged business disruption or shutdown to one or more of our facilities, could create conditions that prevent, or significantly and adversely affect, our receiving, processing, manufacturing or shipping products at existing levels, or at all. Such events could adversely affect our sales, increase our expenses, create potential liabilities and/or damage our reputation, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

In addition, since we obtain Co-60 from a limited number of reactors, if any of their facilities were to be seriously damaged or have their production materially decrease due to a natural disaster or other adverse occurrence, our access to Co-60 would be materially affected and we may be unable to meet all the needs of our customers. See “—We depend on a limited number of counterparties that provide the materials and resources we need to operate our business. Any disruption in the availability of, or increases in the price of, EO, Co-60 or our other direct materials, services and supplies, including as a result of current geopolitical instability arising from U.S. relations with Russia and related sanctions, may have a material adverse effect on our operating results.”

Further, governmental action may disrupt the operations of our facilities that process potentially hazardous materials. For example, in February 2019 the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) issued a seal order temporarily shutting down our sterilization activities at our Willowbrook facility, and in October 2019, county officials ordered our Atlanta facility, the operations of which we had voluntarily suspended at the time, remain closed until county approval is obtained. Although our Atlanta facility was allowed to resume operations under a Temporary Restraining Order imposed on county officials in April 2020, our facility could be forced to close again upon the resolution of related litigation. The occurrence of any of these or other events might disrupt or shut down operations or otherwise adversely impact the production or profitability of a particular facility or our operations as a whole.

While we maintain insurance policies covering, among other things, physical damage, business interruptions and liability resulting from our services in amounts that we believe are customary for our industries, our insurance coverage may be inadequate or unavailable and we could incur uninsured losses and liabilities arising from such events.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had and could continue to have adverse effects on our business, financial condition and results of operations, which could be material.

The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the governmental responses, has had a negative effect on the global economy, disrupting the financial markets and creating increasing volatility, and has disrupted our operations. For example, during the pandemic, there has been an increase in deferred elective procedures, which negatively impacts demand for some of our products and services as a result of a decrease in the need for sterilized medical devices used in these procedures. Further, although our operations are considered “essential” in all locations where we operate, we have experienced, and may experience in the future, temporary facility closures while awaiting appropriate government approvals in certain jurisdictions or delays in delivering products or services to customers. The extent to which our operations will be impacted by the outbreak will largely depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted, including mandatory closures of our facilities imposed by government authorities, work-from-home orders and social distancing protocols or other currently unforeseen restrictions that could adversely affect our ability to adequately staff and maintain our operations, and those effects could be material. For example, we experienced delayed deliveries at certain locations as a result of governmental travel restrictions enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We have implemented business continuity planning, including to transition staff off-site to decrease exposure risk and to manage supply chain risk for critical materials, but we cannot guarantee that these measures will be successful. If the COVID-19 outbreak disrupts our supply chain, it could adversely impact our ability to

 

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secure supplies for our facilities, which could adversely affect our operations, and those effects could be material. The pandemic and the response thereto continue to evolve, and we cannot at this time forecast its ultimate duration, severity or impact to our business, our customers or our supply chain. This negative impact could continue for an extended period of time or more severely impact our financial condition and results of operations, and continued weak or worsening economic conditions could negatively impact consumer demand for our products and services. Future pandemics and public crises could impact our business in a similar or worse manner. See “—Our operations are subject to a variety of business continuity hazards and risks, including our reliance on the use and sale of products and services from single locations, any of which could interrupt production or operations or otherwise adversely affect our performance, results or value.”

If we are unable to increase capacity at existing facilities and build new facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner, we may not achieve our expected revenue growth or profitability or such revenue growth and profitability, if any, could be delayed.

Our growth strategy depends on expanding capacity in Europe, the Americas and Asia, which may include building new facilities and expanding existing facilities. The construction or expansion of modern and safe sterilization facilities requires significant expenditures. Delay in the review and licensing process for a new facility could impair or delay our ability to develop that facility or increase the cost so substantially that the facility becomes unattractive to us. Any failure to procure and maintain the necessary licenses would adversely affect ongoing development, construction and continuing operation of our facilities. Additionally, even when we maintain the necessary licenses and are in compliance with applicable regulations, we may be unable to maintain or expand our operations at existing facilities, or otherwise execute on our growth strategy, due to negative publicity or community resistance. Suspensions and closures of our facilities have in the past and may continue to impact our results of operations, and the effects could be material. Those new facilities that are constructed and begin operations may not meet our return expectations due to schedule delays, cost overruns or revenue shortfalls, or they may not generate the capacity that we anticipate or result in the receipt of revenue in the originally anticipated time period or at all. We may not maintain revenue growth or profitability, or such growth, if any, could be delayed if we are not successful in continuing to expand capacity. Additionally, if future demand trends warrant capacity in geographic areas that we have not targeted for new growth, we may be unable to capitalize on opportunities in a timely manner.

We occupy many of our facilities under long-term leases, and we may be unable to renew our leases at the end of their terms.

Many of our facilities, including many of our EO facilities and some of our gamma facilities, are located on leased premises. The terms of our leases vary in length and expire over a period ranging from 2020 to 2040, with options to renew for specified periods of time. At the end of the lease term and any renewal period for a facility, we may be unable to renew the lease without substantial additional cost, if at all. For example, in September 2019, we were unable to reach an agreement to renew the lease on our EO processing facility in Willowbrook, following community pressure resulting from negative publicity surrounding our Willowbrook facility. If we are unable to renew our facility leases, we may be required to relocate or close a facility. Relocating a facility involves significant expense in connection with the movement and installation of specialized equipment and any necessary recertification or licensing with regulatory authorities. Closing a facility, even briefly to relocate, would reduce the sales that such facility would have contributed to our revenues and could negatively impact our customer relations. Any such relocation or closure could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

We conduct sales and distribution operations on a worldwide basis and are subject to a variety of risks associated with doing business outside the United States.

We maintain significant international operations, including operations in China, Brazil, Canada, Mexico, Costa Rica and other countries in Europe and Asia. As a result, we are subject to a number of risks and

 

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complications associated with international sales, services and other operations, as well as risks associated with U.S. foreign policy. These include:

 

   

difficulties associated with compliance with numerous, potentially conflicting and frequently complex and changing laws in multiple jurisdictions, e.g., with respect to environmental matters, intellectual property, privacy and data protection, corrupt practices, embargoes, trade sanctions, competition, employment and licensing;

 

   

general economic, social and political conditions in countries where we operate, including international and U.S. trade policies and currency exchange rate fluctuations;

 

   

tax and other laws that restrict our ability to use tax credits, offset gains or repatriate funds;

 

   

currency restrictions, transfer pricing regulations and adverse tax consequences, which may affect our ability to transfer capital and profits;

 

   

inflation, deflation and stagflation in any country in which we have a manufacturing facility;

 

   

foreign customers with longer payment cycles than customers in the United States; and

 

   

imposition of or increases in customs duties and other tariffs.

We operate in a number of countries throughout the world, including in countries that do not have as strong a commitment to anti-corruption and ethical behavior that is required by U.S. laws or by our corporate policies. Based on the nature of our products, these activities involve potential interaction with government agencies, public officials or state-owned enterprises. We are subject to the risk that we, our U.S. employees or our employees located in other jurisdictions or any third party that we engage to do work on our behalf may take action determined to be in violation of anti-corruption laws in any jurisdiction in which we conduct business. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”) and the Canadian Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act (the “CFPOA”) prohibit corruptly providing anything of value to foreign officials for the purposes of obtaining or retaining business or securing any improper business advantage. We may deal with both governments and government-owned business enterprises, the employees of which are considered foreign officials for purposes of the FCPA and other applicable anti-corruption laws. The provisions of the Bribery Act extend beyond bribery of foreign public officials and are more onerous than the FCPA in a number of other respects. Any violation of the FCPA, the CFPOA, the U.K. Bribery Act of 2010 (the “Bribery Act”) or any similar anti-corruption law or regulation could result in substantial fines, sanctions or civil and/or criminal penalties, debarment from business dealings with certain governments or government agencies or restrictions on the marketing of our products in certain countries, which could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. If these anticorruption laws or our internal policies were to be violated, our reputation and operations could also be substantially harmed. Further, detecting, investigating and resolving actual or alleged violations is expensive and can consume significant time and attention of our senior management.

Compliance with multiple, and potentially conflicting, international laws and regulations, including anticorruption laws and exchange controls may be difficult, burdensome or expensive. While our employees and agents are required to comply with these laws, our internal policies and procedures may not always prevent violations. Further, in connection with past and future acquisitions by us, there is a risk of successor liability relating to such laws in connection with prior actions or alleged actions of an acquired company. Such matters or allegations related to such matters could adversely affect our reputation and the burden and cost associated with defending or resolving such matters could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Further, as a result of our global operations, we generate a significant portion of our revenue and incur a significant portion of our expenses in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, including the euro, the Brazilian real, the British pound sterling, the Chinese yuan, the Thai baht, the Mexican peso, the Danish krone, the Costa Rica colon and the Canadian dollar. Our results of operations are impacted by currency exchange rate fluctuations to

 

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the extent that we are unable to match net revenues received in foreign currencies with expenses incurred in the same currency. For example, where we have significantly more expenses than net revenues generated in a foreign currency, our profit from operations in that location would be adversely affected in the event that the U.S. dollar depreciates against that foreign currency.

We may be adversely affected by global and regional economic and political instability.

We may be adversely affected by global and regional economic and political conditions. The uncertainty or deterioration of the global economic and political environment could adversely affect us. Customers may modify, delay or cancel plans to purchase our products and services and suppliers may significantly and rapidly increase their prices or reduce their output because of cash flow problems. Any inability of current or potential customers to purchase or pay for our products due to, among other things, declining economic conditions as a result of inflation, rising interest rates, changes in spending patterns at medical device, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies and the effects of governmental initiatives to manage economic conditions may have a negative impact on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. Overall demand for our products could be reduced as a result of a global economic recession or political unrest, especially in such areas as the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and other end markets that we serve.

We depend upon our key personnel, the loss of whom could adversely affect our operations. If we fail to attract and retain the talent required for our business, our business could be materially harmed.

We depend to a significant degree on our ability to hire and retain highly qualified personnel with expertise in our industries. The loss of services from any of our key personnel may significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our business objectives. Competition for qualified employees in the industries in which we operate is intense. We may not be able to attract and retain these individuals on acceptable terms or at all, and our inability to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

We are subject to significant regulatory oversight of our import and export operations due to the nature of some of our product offerings.

Our products are subject to U.S. laws and regulations that may limit, restrict or require a license to import or export (or re-export from other countries). We are also subject to the export and import laws of those foreign jurisdictions in which we operate, sell our products into and from which we source our materials, including Co-60. In addition, if we introduce new products, we may need to obtain licenses or approvals from the United States and other governments to ship them into foreign countries. Because of increasing security controls and regulations regarding the shipment of materials including Co-60, it is likely that we may encounter additional regulations affecting the transportation, storage, sale and import/export of radioactive materials. Further, any delay or inability to obtaining these permits and licenses could delay our prevent us from fulfilling our obligations to our customers, which could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Additionally, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control and other relevant agencies of the U.S. government administer certain laws and regulations that restrict U.S. persons and, in some instances, non-U.S. persons, from conducting activities, transacting business with or making investments in certain countries, or with governments, entities and individuals subject to U.S. economic sanctions. Our international operations subject us to these laws and regulations, which are complex, restrict our business dealings with certain countries, governments, entities and individuals and are constantly changing. Penalties for non-compliance with these complex laws and regulations can be significant and include substantial fines, sanctions or civil and/or criminal penalties and violations can result in adverse publicity, which could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

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Our business may be subject to system interruptions, cyber security breaches and unauthorized data disclosures.

We increasingly rely upon technology systems and infrastructure. Our technology systems and infrastructure are potentially vulnerable to breakdowns or other interruptions by fire, power loss, system malfunction, unauthorized access and other events. Likewise, data privacy breaches by employees and others with both permitted and unauthorized access to our systems may pose a risk that sensitive data may be exposed to unauthorized persons or to the public, rendered inaccessible or permanently lost. The increasing use and evolution of technology creates additional opportunities for the unintentional dissemination or intentional destruction of confidential or proprietary information stored in our systems or portable media or storage devices. We could also experience a business interruption, information theft or reputational damage from industrial espionage attacks, malware or other cyber incidents or data breaches, which may compromise our system infrastructure or lead to data breaches, either internally or at our third-party providers or other business partners. Such incidents could compromise our trade secrets or other confidential information and result in such information being disclosed to third parties and becoming less valuable. Additionally, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a majority of our office employees are working remotely, which may increase the risk of cyber incidents or data breaches. Breaches in security, system interruptions and unauthorized disclosure of data, whether perceived or actual, could adversely affect our businesses, assets, revenues, brands and reputation and result in fines, litigation, regulatory proceedings and investigations, increased insurance premiums, remediation efforts, indemnification expenditures, lost revenues and other potential liabilities. We have taken steps to protect the security and integrity of the information we collect and have policies and procedures in place dealing with data privacy and security, but there can be no assurance that our efforts will prevent breakdowns, system failures, breaches in our systems or other cyber incidents or otherwise be fully effective. Any such breakdown, breach or incident could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations, and our cyber insurance may not cover such risks or may be insufficient to compensate us for losses that may occur.

Part of our growth strategy is to pursue strategic transactions, including acquisitions, which subjects us to risks that could harm our business and we may not be able to find suitable acquisition targets or integrate strategic acquisitions successfully into our existing business.

As part of our strategy, we have in the past and may in the future seek to grow our business through acquisitions, and any such acquisition may be significant. Any future growth through acquisitions will depend in part upon the continued availability of suitable acquisition candidates at favorable prices and upon advantageous terms and conditions, which may not be available to us, as well as sufficient funds from our cash on hand, cash flow from operations, existing debt facilities and additional indebtedness to fund these acquisitions.

Not only is the identification of such suitable acquisition candidates difficult and competitive, but these transactions, including the acquisitions completed in recent years also involve numerous risks, including the diversion of management’s attention and their ability to:

 

 

successfully integrate acquired facilities, companies, products, systems or personnel into our existing business, especially with respect to businesses or operations that are outside of the United States;

 

 

minimize any potential interruption to our ongoing business;

 

 

successfully enter categories and markets in which we may have limited or no prior experience;

 

 

achieve expected synergies and obtain the desired financial or strategic benefits;

 

 

detect and address any financial or control deficiencies of the acquired company;

 

 

retain key relationships with employees, customers, partners and suppliers of acquired companies as well as our own employees, customers, partners and suppliers; and

 

 

maintain uniform compliance standards, controls, procedures and policies throughout acquired companies.

 

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Companies, businesses or operations acquired or joint ventures created may not be profitable or may not achieve revenue and profitability levels that would justify the investments made. Recent and future acquisitions could also result in the incurrence of indebtedness, subject to the restrictions contained in the documents governing our then-existing indebtedness. See “—Our substantial leverage could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, expose us to interest rate risk to the extent the interest rate on variable rate debt increases and prevent us from meeting our obligations under our existing and future indebtedness.”

Recent and future acquisitions could also result in the assumption of contingent liabilities, material expenses related to certain intangible assets, increased operating expenses and compliance issues under international laws and regulations, including antitrust laws, anti-corruption laws, the FCPA and similar anti-bribery laws, which could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, to the extent that the economic benefits associated with any of our acquisitions diminish in the future, we may be required to record additional write-downs of goodwill, intangible assets or other assets associated with such acquisitions, which could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Certain of the acquisition agreements by which we have acquired companies require the former owners to indemnify us against certain liabilities related to the operation of the company before we acquired it. In most of these agreements, however, the liability of the former owners is limited, and certain former owners may be unable to meet their indemnification responsibilities. We cannot assure you that these indemnification provisions will protect us fully or at all, and as a result we may face unexpected liabilities that adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

In particular, as part of the acquisition by BWXT of our Medical Isotopes business, we lease one of our Canadian facilities to BWXT through July 2038, and BWXT operates under our Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (“CNSC”) license in an arrangement we expect to continue through 2021. If BWXT fails to comply with CNSC regulations, we could be liable, and although we are indemnified by BWXT for any such failures, such indemnification may be insufficient to cover any liabilities.

Our ability to realize the benefits we anticipate from our strategic transactions, including acquisition activities, anticipated cost savings and additional sales opportunities, will depend in large part upon whether we are able to integrate such businesses efficiently and effectively. If we are unable to successfully integrate the operations of acquired businesses into our business or on the timeline we expect, including with respect to our ongoing integration of Iotron, we may be unable to realize the sales growth, cost synergies and other anticipated benefits we expect to achieve as a result of such transactions and our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our internal controls over financial reporting may not be effective and our independent registered public accounting firm may not be able to certify as to their effectiveness, which could have a significant and adverse effect on our business and reputation.

Pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we will be required to furnish a report by our management on the effectiveness our internal control over financial reporting beginning with our second filing of an Annual Report on Form 10-K with the SEC after we become a public company. This assessment will need to include disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting. However, we may not be required to have our independent registered public accounting firm attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls until as late as our annual report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025. At such time, if we then have a material weakness, we would receive an adverse opinion regarding our internal control over financial reporting from our independent registered accounting firm.

We have begun the process to identify and implement actions to improve the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. The process of reviewing and improving

 

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our internal controls is both costly and challenging. We will need to (i) continue to dedicate internal resources, including through hiring additional financial and accounting personnel, (ii) potentially engage outside consultants and adopt a detailed work plan to assess and document the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting, (iii) continue steps to improve control processes as appropriate, (iv) validate through testing that controls are functioning as documented and (v) implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting. This process may also require substantial attention from our management team, which may negatively impact other matters that are important to our business.

If we identify a material weakness in connection with this ongoing assessment and we fail to remediate these identified material weaknesses within the prescribed period, we will be unable to assert that our internal controls over financial report are effective. We cannot assure you that there will not be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting in the future. Any failure to maintain internal control over financial reporting could severely inhibit our ability to accurately report our financial condition or results of operations. In addition, we may be required to incur costs in improving our internal control system and the hiring of additional personnel. If we are unable to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm determines we have a material weakness or significant deficiency in our internal control over financial reporting, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of shares of our common stock could decline and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the Nasdaq, the SEC or other regulatory authorities. Failure to remedy any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, or to implement or maintain other effective control systems required of public companies, could also restrict our future access to the capital markets.

We rely on intellectual property rights to maintain our competitive position and third parties may claim that we infringe or misappropriate their intellectual property rights.

We rely on proprietary technology and are dependent on our ability to protect such technology. We rely primarily on trade secrets and non-disclosure and confidentiality arrangements to protect our intellectual property rights, including such rights that relate to our Nelson Labs business and its lab testing services. The efforts we have taken to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology may not be sufficient or effective. Third parties, including current or former employees, consultants, contractors, customers or partners, who have access to our confidential information (including our trade secrets and know-how), may unintentionally or willfully disclose our confidential information to others, and there can be no assurance that our trade secret rights and non-disclosure and confidentiality arrangements will provide meaningful protection of our proprietary technology. There can also be no assurance that others will not independently develop similar or superior technologies or duplicate any technology developed by us. Effective protection of intellectual property rights may not be available in every jurisdiction in which our products and services are made available, and monitoring unauthorized use and disclosures of our proprietary technology or confidential information can be difficult and expensive. Actions to enforce our intellectual property rights could lead to disputes with third parties, including our customers, and could impact our future ability to gain business. Furthermore, legal proceedings to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights could result in narrowing the scope of our intellectual property rights or substantial cost to us, and they may be time consuming and divert resources and the attention of management and key personnel, and the outcomes of such actions may be unpredictable.

Additionally, we cannot be certain that the conduct of our business does not and will not infringe or misappropriate intellectual property rights of others. From time to time, we may become subject to claims, allegations and legal proceedings, including by means of counterclaims, that we infringe or misappropriate intellectual property or other proprietary rights of third parties. Such legal proceedings involving intellectual property rights are highly uncertain, can involve complex legal and scientific questions and may divert resources and the attention of management and key personnel. Our failure to prevail against infringement or misappropriation claims brought against us could also result in judgments awarding substantial damages against us, including possible treble damages and attorneys’ fees, and could result in reputational harm. Judgments that

 

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result in equitable or injunctive relief could cause us to delay or cease selling or providing certain products or services or otherwise harm our operations. We also may have to seek third party licenses to intellectual property, which may be unavailable, require payment of significant royalties or be available only at commercially unreasonable, unfavorable or otherwise unacceptable terms.

If we are unable to adequately protect, establish, maintain or enforce our intellectual property rights or if we are subject to any infringement or misappropriation claims, our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

We are subject to complex and rapidly evolving data privacy and security laws and regulations and any ineffective compliance efforts with such laws and regulations may adversely impact our business.

We must comply with laws and regulations in federal and state governments in multiple jurisdictions governing the collection, dissemination, retention, access, use, protection, security and disposal of personal data, which mostly consists of our employees’ data. The interpretation and application of many existing or recently enacted privacy and data protection laws and regulations in the United States, the European Union and elsewhere are uncertain and fluid, and it is possible that such laws and regulations may be interpreted or applied in a manner that is inconsistent with our existing practices. Companies are under increased regulatory scrutiny relating to data privacy and security. Any actual or perceived breach of such laws or regulations may subject us to claims and may lead to administrative, civil or criminal lability, as well as reputational harm. Moreover, these laws are evolving and are generally becoming stricter. For example, activities conducted from our EU facilities or related to products and services that we may offer to EU users or customers are subject the General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679), which provides for enhanced data privacy obligations and fines of up to the higher of 4% of annual worldwide revenues or €20 million. Outside of the United States and the European Union, many jurisdictions have adopted or are adopting new data privacy laws that impose further onerous compliance requirements, such as data localization, which prohibit companies from storing outside the jurisdiction data relating to resident individuals. The proliferation of such laws may result in conflicting and contradictory requirements and there can be no assurance that the measures we have taken will be sufficient for compliance with such various laws and regulations. Complying with these various laws is an ongoing commitment and could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices in a manner adverse to our business. Privacy-related claims or lawsuits initiated by governmental bodies, employees, customers or third parties, whether meritorious or not, could adversely affect our businesses, assets, revenues, brands and reputation and result in fines, litigation, regulatory proceedings, regulatory investigations, increased insurance premiums, remediation efforts, indemnification expenditures, lost revenues and other potential liabilities. We take steps to comply with applicable data privacy and security laws, regulations and standards and applicable privacy policies, but there can be no assurance that our compliance efforts will be effective. Any such failure to comply could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

We have a history of net losses and may not achieve or maintain profitability in the future.

We have a history of net operating losses, including a net loss of $20.8 million and $5.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability for the current or any future fiscal year. Our ability to achieve and maintain profitability depends on a number of factors, including the growth rate of the sterilization and lab services industries, the price of our products and services, the cost to provide our products and services and the competitiveness of our products and services. We may incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including due to principal and interest expense related to our substantial indebtedness and the other risks described in this prospectus, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications and delays and other unknown events. In addition, as a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. As a result, our operations may not achieve profitability in the future and, even if we do achieve profitability, we may not be able to maintain or increase it.

 

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We may incur impairment charges on our goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives, which could negatively impact our business, financial condition or results of operations.

We are subject to Accounting Standards Codification Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, which requires that goodwill and other intangible assets that have an indefinite useful life be evaluated at least annually for impairment. Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives must also be evaluated for impairment between the annual tests if an event or change in circumstance occurs that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the asset below its carrying amount. We have substantial goodwill and other intangible assets. If in the future, we determine that there has been an impairment, our financial results for the relevant period would be reduced by the amount of the non-cash impairment charge, net of any income tax effects, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Unionization efforts and labor regulations in certain countries in which we operate could materially increase our costs or limit our flexibility.

Certain of our employees in non-U.S. markets are represented by works councils or labor unions and work under collective bargaining or similar agreements, some of which are subject to periodic renegotiation. Efforts have been made from time to time to unionize portions of our workforce in the United States. Unionization efforts, new collective bargaining agreements or work stoppages could materially increase our costs, reduce our net revenues or limit our flexibility. Certain legal obligations in these markets require us to contribute amounts to retirement funds and pension plans and restrict our ability to dismiss employees. Future regulations or court interpretations established in the countries in which we conduct our operations could increase our costs and materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Both of the collective bargaining agreements applicable to Brazilian employees were finalized and certified by the Ministry of Labor in 2017. The collective bargaining agreement applicable to Canadian employees located in Kanata expired on March 31, 2020. Negotiations have been postponed during the COVID-19 pandemic and are expected to resume in September 2020. Failure to renew the agreements on similar terms could result in labor disruptions and/or increased labor costs, which could negatively affect our business and operations.

Our business is subject to a variety of laws involving the cannabis industry, many of which are unsettled and still developing and which could subject us to claims or otherwise harm our business.

We provide bioburden reduction irradiation services for the processing of cannabis, primarily in Canada and certain European countries. The commercial recreational cannabis industry is a relatively new industry in Canada, and in Canada, the Cannabis Regulations is a regime that has only been in effect in its current form since October 2018. Likewise, laws and regulations governing cannabis in European countries have evolved rapidly over recent years. In the United States, marijuana (all parts of the cannabis plant other than those parts that are exempt) is a Schedule I controlled substance under federal law. Our activity related to marijuana in the United States is de minimis and has been limited to the irradiation of marijuana for clinical research under Drug Enforcement Administration authorization in compliance with applicable U.S. federal law. In other countries in which the cultivation and use of marijuana is legalized, most notably in Canada, our operations include irradiation services for recreational and medical marijuana. As laws in the United States, Canada, Europe and other jurisdictions evolve, our activities in these spaces may face additional regulations that may be costly or burdensome to be in compliance.

Government or private civil antitrust actions could harm our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

The antitrust laws prohibit, among other things, any joint conduct among competitors that would lessen competition in the marketplace. We believe that we are in compliance with the legal requirements imposed by the antitrust laws. However, a governmental or private civil action alleging the improper exchange of information, or unlawful participation in price maintenance or other unlawful or anticompetitive activity, even if unfounded, could be costly to defend and could harm our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

 

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Challenges to our tax positions in U.S. or non-U.S. jurisdictions, the interpretation and application of recent U.S. tax legislation or other changes in U.S. or non-U.S. taxation of our operations could harm our business, revenue and financial results.

We operate in a number of tax jurisdictions globally, including in the United States at the federal, state and local levels, and in many other countries, and we therefore are subject to review and potential audit by tax authorities in these various jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes and other tax liabilities, and tax authorities may disagree with tax positions we take and challenge our tax positions. Successful unilateral or multi-jurisdictional actions by various tax authorities, including in the context of our current or future corporate operating structure and third-party and intercompany arrangements, may increase our worldwide effective tax rate, result in additional taxes or other costs or have other material consequences, which could harm our business, revenue and financial results.

Our effective tax rate may also change from year to year or vary materially from our expectations based on changes or uncertainties in the mix of activities and income allocated or earned among various jurisdictions, changes in tax laws and the applicable tax rates in these jurisdictions (including future tax laws that may become material), tax treaties between countries, our eligibility for benefits under those tax treaties and the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Such changes could result in an increase in the effective tax rate applicable to all or a portion of our income, impose new limitations on deductions, credits or other tax benefits or make other changes that may adversely affect our business, cash flows or financial performance. For example, we may need to recognize a valuation allowance if we are unable to fully realize the benefit of interest expense incurred in future periods as a result of recent tax law changes which would impact our annual effective income tax rate.

In particular, on December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act (“TCJA”) was signed into law. The legislation significantly changed U.S. tax law by, among other things, lowering the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, implementing a modified territorial tax system and imposing a transition tax on deemed repatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries. Certain changes established by the TCJA increased our effective tax rate in prior years, including a new income inclusion item for global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) and a one-time tax on accumulated offshore earnings held in cash and illiquid assets. Additional changes have impacted the timing of our recognition of certain items of loss and deduction, including a new limitation on the company’s deduction for business interest expense and increased bonus depreciation from 50% to 100% for certain qualified property.

Furthermore, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was enacted on March 27, 2020 in response to the outbreak of COVID-19 and its consequences. The CARES Act introduced substantial changes to the U.S. tax code, the overall impact of which on our business is uncertain. For example, among other changes, the CARES Act increased the interest expense deductibility limitations and waived certain limitations on the use of net operating losses, in each case, temporarily.

On July 23, 2020, final regulations were published that exempt certain income subject to a high rate of foreign tax from inclusion under GILTI for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017.

The cumulative impact of these and other changes in tax law is uncertain and our business and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Liquidity

Our substantial leverage could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, expose us to interest rate risk to the extent the interest rate on our variable rate debt increases and prevent us from meeting our obligations under our existing and future indebtedness.

We are highly leveraged. As of July 31, 2020, on an adjusted basis after giving effect to this offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom, our total indebtedness (including that of our wholly owned subsidiaries) was approximately $                 million, of which approximately $                 million of such

 

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indebtedness of Sotera Health Holdings, LLC is secured indebtedness that is guaranteed by the company and certain of its other subsidiaries. We also had an additional $                million of unutilized capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility at that date (without giving effect to $                million of letters of credit that were outstanding). See “Description of Certain Indebtedness.”

Our estimated debt service obligations for the next 12 months on an as adjusted basis after giving effect to this offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom would be $             , based on the outstanding principal amount of indebtedness of $             as of             , 2020. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, our cash flow used for debt service totaled $118.0 million, which includes scheduled quarterly principal payments of the Term Loan (as defined below) of $5.3 million and interest payments on our debt of $112.7 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, our cash flows from operating activities totaled $52.7 million, which includes interest paid of $112.7 million. As such, our cash flows from operating activities (before giving effect to the payment of interest) amounted to $165.4 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, cash payments used to service our debt represented approximately 68% of our net cash flows from operating activities (before giving effect to the payment of interest). As adjusted to give effect to this offering and the application of net proceeds therefrom, our cash flow used for debt service would have totaled $             million, our cash flows from operating activities (before giving effect to the payment of interest) would have amounted to $             million and cash payments used to service our debt would have represented approximately     % of our net cash flows from operating activities (before giving effect to the payment of interest).

Our high degree of leverage could have important consequences for you, including:

 

   

making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations;

 

   

increasing our vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions;

 

   

requiring a substantial portion of cash flow from operations to be used to pay off principal and interest on our indebtedness, thereby reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund our operations, capital expenditures and future business opportunities;

 

   

exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates as our indebtedness is at variable interest rates;

 

   

restricting us from making strategic acquisitions or causing us to make non-strategic divestitures;

 

   

limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, product development, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes;

 

   

limiting our ability to adjust to changing market conditions and placing us at a disadvantage compared to our competitors that are less highly leveraged; and

 

   

causing us to pay higher rates if we need to refinance our indebtedness at a time when prevailing market interest rates are unfavorable.

We and our subsidiaries may obtain substantial additional indebtedness in the future, subject to the restrictions contained in SHH’s senior secured credit facilities (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”) and the indentures governing SHH’s senior secured first-lien notes (the “First Lien Notes”) and SHH’s senior secured second-lien notes (the “Second Lien Notes”). If new indebtedness is added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we now face could intensify.

Because we are exposed to interest rate risk through our variable-rate borrowings, we have entered into and may, in the future, enter into additional interest rate swaps that involve the exchange of floating for fixed rate interest payments in order to reduce interest rate volatility and interest rate cap agreements. However, we may not maintain interest rate swaps with respect to any of our variable rate indebtedness, and any swaps we enter into may not fully mitigate our interest rate risk. Further, current interest rates are relatively low. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on any variable rate indebtedness will increase even if the amount borrowed remains the same, and our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, will correspondingly decrease. Assuming all capacity under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities is fully drawn, based on our indebtedness outstanding as of                 , 2020, on an adjusted basis after giving effect to this offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom, each quarter point change in interest rates

 

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would result in an approximately $                 million increase in total annual interest expense under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

Our debt agreements contain restrictions that limit our flexibility in operating our business.

The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the indentures governing the First Lien Notes and the Second Lien Notes contain various covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified types of transactions. These covenants limit our ability and our restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things:

 

   

incur additional indebtedness or issue certain shares of preferred stock;

 

   

pay dividends on, repurchase or make distributions in respect of our capital stock or make other restricted payments;

 

   

make certain investments and acquisitions;

 

   

sell or transfer assets;

 

   

grant liens on our assets;

 

   

consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and

 

   

enter into certain transactions with our affiliates.

In addition, under certain circumstances we are required to satisfy and maintain specified financial ratios and other financial condition tests under certain covenants in our Senior Secured Credit Facilities. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness.” Our ability to meet those financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial market and industry conditions, and we cannot give assurance that we will be able to satisfy such ratios and tests when required.

A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under each of our Senior Secured Credit Facilities and/or the indentures governing the First Lien Notes and the Second Lien Notes. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the lenders and/or noteholders, as applicable, could elect to declare all amounts outstanding under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the First Lien Notes and the Second Lien Notes to be immediately due and payable and terminate all commitments to extend further credit. If we were unable to repay those amounts, the lenders under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities or the indentures governing the First Lien Notes and Second Lien Notes could foreclose on the collateral granted to them to secure each such indebtedness. We have pledged substantially all of our assets as collateral under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the indentures governing the First Lien Notes and Second Lien Notes.

Our cash flows may not be sufficient to service our indebtedness, and if we are unable to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, we may be required to seek other financing alternatives, which may not be successful.

Our ability to make timely payments of principal and interest on our debt obligations, including our obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the First Lien Notes and the Second Lien Notes, depends on our ability to generate positive cash flows from operations, which is subject to general economic conditions, competitive pressures and certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to make these payments, we may be required to seek additional financing sources, reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets or operations or refinance our indebtedness. These actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions and results of operations. In addition, we may not be able to take any of these actions, and even if successful, these actions may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. Our ability to restructure or refinance our existing indebtedness will depend on, among other things, the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at the time. We may not be able to restructure or refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we cannot make scheduled payments on our debt, we will be in default and the outstanding principal and interest on our debt could be declared to be due and payable, in which case we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation or required to substantially restructure or alter our business operations or debt obligations.

 

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A lowering or withdrawal of the ratings assigned to our debt by rating agencies may increase our future borrowing costs and reduce our access to capital.

Any rating assigned to our debt by a rating agency could be lowered or withdrawn entirely if, in that rating agency’s judgment, future circumstances relating to the basis of the rating, such as adverse changes to our ability to service our debt obligations or our general financial condition, so warrant. Any future lowering of our ratings likely would make it more difficult or more expensive for us to obtain additional debt financing. Additionally, we enter into various forms of hedging arrangements against currency, interest rates or commodity price fluctuations. Financial strength and credit ratings are also important to the availability and pricing of any hedging activities we decide to undertake, and a downgrade of our credit ratings may make it more costly for us to engage in these activities.

LIBOR and certain other interest “benchmarks” may be subject to regulatory guidance and/or reform that could cause interest rates under our current or future debt agreements to perform differently than in the past or cause other unanticipated consequences.

Because our Senior Secured Credit Facilities, First Lien Notes and Second Lien Notes bear interest at variable interest rates, based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and certain other benchmarks, fluctuations in interest rates could have a material effect on our business. We currently utilize, and may in the future utilize, derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swaps or interest rate caps to hedge some of our exposure to interest rate fluctuations, but such instruments may not be effective in reducing our exposure to interest fluctuations, and we may discontinue utilizing them at any time. As a result, we may incur higher interest costs if interest rates increase. These higher interest costs could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and the levels of cash we maintain for working capital.

In addition, LIBOR and certain other interest “benchmarks” may be subject to regulatory guidance and/or reform that could cause interest rates under our current or future debt agreements to perform differently than in the past or cause other unanticipated consequences. The United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, has announced that it intends to stop encouraging or requiring banks to submit LIBOR rates after 2021, and it is unclear if LIBOR will cease to exist or if new methods of calculating LIBOR will evolve. If LIBOR ceases to exist or if the methods of calculating LIBOR change from their current form, interest rates on our current or future debt obligations may be adversely affected. If a published U.S. dollar LIBOR rate is unavailable, the interest rates on our first and second lien secured notes indexed to LIBOR will be determined in a manner that gives due consideration to the then prevailing market convention for determining a rate of interest for high yield notes in the United States at such time, and the interest rates on our Senior Secured Credit Facilities debt indexed to LIBOR will be determined in a manner that gives due consideration to the then prevailing market convention for determining a rate of interest for syndicated loans in the United States at such time; any of which could result in interest obligations that are more than or that do not otherwise correlate over time with the payments that would have been made on this debt if U.S. dollar LIBOR were available in its current form. Any of these proposals or consequences could have a material adverse effect on our financing costs. Moreover, the phaseout of LIBOR may adversely affect our assessment of effectiveness or measurement of ineffectiveness for accounting purposes of any future interest rate hedging agreements indexed to LIBOR.

Sotera Health Holdings, LLC is a holding company, and therefore its ability to make any required payment on our credit agreements depends upon the ability of its subsidiaries to pay it dividends or to advance it funds.

Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the borrower under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the issuer of our First Lien Notes and Second Lien Notes, has no direct operations and no significant assets other than the equity interests of its subsidiaries. Because it conducts its operations through its operating subsidiaries, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC depends on those entities to generate the funds necessary to meet its financial obligations, including its required obligations under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities. The ability of our subsidiaries to make transfers and other distributions to Sotera Health Holdings, LLC will be subject to, among other things, the terms of any debt instruments

 

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of such subsidiaries then in effect and applicable law. If transfers or other distributions from our subsidiaries to Sotera Health Holdings, LLC were eliminated, delayed, reduced or otherwise impaired, our ability to make payments on the obligations under our credit agreements would be substantially impaired.

Risks Related to this Offering and Ownership of Our Common Stock

There is no current trading market for our common stock and an active market may never develop or be sustained.

Before this initial public offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. An active public trading market may not develop after completion of this offering or, if developed, may not be sustained. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell your shares at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling shares and may impair our ability to acquire other businesses or assets using our shares as consideration. Furthermore, although we have applied to list our common stock on the Nasdaq, even if listed, there can be no guarantee that we will continue to satisfy the continued listing standards of the Nasdaq. If we fail to satisfy the continued listing standards, we could be de-listed, which would have a negative effect on the price of our common stock.

The market and trading volume of our common stock may be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

The initial public offering price for our common stock will be determined through negotiations between the underwriters and us and may vary substantially from the market price of our common stock following this offering. This price may not reflect the public trading price of our common stock following this offering. If the market price of our common stock declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your shares at or above your purchase price, if at all. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common stock include those listed in “—Risks Related to the Company,” “—Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Liquidity” and the following, some of which are beyond our control:

 

   

volatility or economic downturns in the markets in which we, our suppliers or our customers are located caused by pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, and related policies and restrictions undertaken to contain the spread of such pandemics or potential pandemics;

 

   

developments in our litigation matters and governmental investigations or additional significant lawsuits or governmental investigations relating to our services or facilities;

 

   

regulatory or legal developments in the jurisdictions in which we operate;

 

   

adverse publicity about us or the industries in which we participate;

 

   

variations in our quarterly or annual results of operations, or in those of our competitors or of companies in the medical device and pharmaceutical industries;

 

   

the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in these projections or our failure to meet these projections;

 

   

sales of our common stock by us or our stockholders in the future or the perception that such sales may occur;

 

   

publication of research reports about the industries in which we participate;

 

   

changes in analysts’ estimates, investors’ perceptions, recommendations by securities analysts, our failure to achieve analysts’ estimates or failure of analysts to maintain coverage of us;

 

   

volatility in the trading prices and trading volumes of companies similar to us;

 

   

changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of companies in our industry;

 

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changes in accounting principles, policies, guidance, interpretations or standards; and

 

   

general market conditions and other factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors.

Certain broad market and industry factors may decrease the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. The stock market in general has from time to time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, including in recent months. In addition, in the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. This litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or publish negative reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business, our market and our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our shares or change their opinion of our business, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline.

If you purchase our common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution.

The assumed initial public offering price of $                 per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) will be substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common stock of $                 per share as of                , 2020 after this offering. Investors purchasing shares of our common stock in this offering will pay a price per share that substantially exceeds the book value of our tangible assets after subtracting our liabilities. As a result, investors purchasing common stock in this offering will incur immediate dilution of $                 per share, based on the assumed initial public offering price of $                 per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.

This dilution is due to the substantially lower price paid by our stockholders who purchased shares prior to this offering as compared to the price offered to the public in this offering. As a result of the dilution to investors purchasing shares in this offering, investors may receive less than the purchase price paid in this offering, if anything, in the event of our liquidation. See “Dilution.”

The future issuance of additional common stock in connection with our incentive plans, acquisitions or otherwise will dilute all other stockholdings.

After this offering, we will have an aggregate of                  shares of common stock authorized but unissued and not reserved for issuance under our incentive plans. We may issue all of these shares of common stock without any action or approval by our stockholders, subject to certain exceptions. We also intend to continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities and may issue common stock in connection with these acquisitions. Any common stock issued in connection with our incentive plans, acquisitions or otherwise would dilute the percentage ownership held by the investors who purchase common stock in this offering.

Future offerings of debt or equity securities by us may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

In the future, we may attempt to obtain financing or to further increase our capital resources by issuing additional shares of our common stock or offering debt or other equity securities. Future acquisitions could

 

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require substantial additional capital in excess of cash from operations. We would expect to finance any future acquisitions through a combination of additional issuances of equity, corporate indebtedness, asset-backed acquisition financing and/or cash from operations.

Issuing additional shares of our common stock or other equity securities or securities convertible into equity may dilute the economic and voting rights of our existing stockholders or reduce the market price of our common stock or both. Upon liquidation, holders of such debt securities and preferred shares, if issued, and lenders with respect to other borrowings would receive a distribution of our available assets prior to the holders of our common stock. Debt securities convertible into equity could be subject to adjustments in the conversion ratio pursuant to which certain events may increase the number of equity securities issuable upon conversion. Preferred shares, if issued, could have a preference with respect to liquidating distributions or a preference with respect to dividend payments that could limit our ability to pay dividends to the holders of our common stock. Our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, which may adversely affect the amount, timing or nature of our future offerings. Thus, holders of our common stock bear the risk that our future offerings may reduce the market price of our common stock and dilute their stockholdings in us. See “Description of Capital Stock.”

A sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, or the perception that such sales might occur, may cause the price of our common stock to decline.

Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after the lapse of lock-up and other legal restrictions on resale discussed in this prospectus, or the perception that such sales might occur, could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate.

Upon the completion of this offering, we will have a total of                 shares of our common stock outstanding based on the number of shares outstanding as of                 , 2020 and based on an assumed initial public offering price of $                 per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus). Of these shares, all of the shares of common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable, without restriction, in the public market immediately after the offering. Each of our directors and officers and holders of substantially all of our outstanding common stock have entered into a lock-up agreement with the underwriters that restricts their ability to sell or transfer their shares. The lock-up agreements pertaining to this offering will expire 180 days from the date of this prospectus.                 , however, may, in their sole discretion, waive the contractual lock-up prior to the expiration of the lock-up agreements. After the lock-up agreements expire,                  shares of common stock will be eligible for sale in the public market, of which                  shares will be held by directors, executive officers and other affiliates and will be subject to volume limitations under Rule 144 under the Securities Act and various vesting agreements. We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act covering all of the shares of common stock subject to options outstanding and reserved for issuance under our New Equity Plan. This registration statement will become effective immediately upon filing, and shares covered by this registration statement will be eligible for sale in the public markets, subject to Rule 144 limitations applicable to affiliates and any lock-up agreements described above. If these additional shares are sold, or if it is perceived that they will be sold, in the public market, the trading price of our common stock could decline.

After this offering, the holders of an aggregate of                  shares of our outstanding common stock as of                 , 2020, will have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering their shares or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or our stockholders. Registration of these shares under the Securities Act would result in the shares becoming freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act, except for shares held by our affiliates as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. Any sales of securities by these stockholders could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement.”

 

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In connection with this offering, we intend to enter into a stockholders’ agreement with certain holders of our common stock, including investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR and members of our management team, which we refer to as the Stockholders’ Agreement. See “Certain Relationship and Related Party Transactions—Stockholders’ Agreement.”

In the future, we may also issue securities in connection with investments or acquisitions. In particular, the number of shares of our common stock issued in connection with an investment or acquisition could constitute a material portion of our then-outstanding shares of our common stock. Any such issuance of additional securities in the future may result in additional dilution to you or may adversely impact the price of our common stock.

Although we do not expect to rely on the “controlled company” exemption, if we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards we would qualify for exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements.

Because the Sponsors will own a majority of our outstanding common stock following the completion of this offering, we may be considered a “controlled company” as that term is set forth in the Nasdaq corporate governance standards. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by another person or group of persons acting together is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including:

 

   

the requirement that a majority of our board of directors consist of independent directors;

 

   

the requirement that our director nominations be made, or recommended to the full board of directors, by our independent directors or by a nominations committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities;

 

   

the requirement that our compensation committee be composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and

 

   

the requirement that we conduct an annual performance evaluation of the nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees.

These requirements would not apply to us as long as we remain a “controlled company.” Although we may qualify as a “controlled company” upon completion of this offering, we do not expect to rely on this exemption and intend to fully comply with all corporate governance requirements under the Nasdaq corporate governance standards. However, if we were to utilize some or all of these exemptions, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the Nasdaq corporate governance requirements. The Sponsors’ significant ownership interest could adversely affect investors’ perceptions of our corporate governance.

If the ownership of our common stock continues to be highly concentrated, it may prevent minority stockholders from influencing significant corporate decisions and may result in conflicts of interest.

Following the completion of this offering, the Sponsors will own approximately         % of our outstanding common stock, or         % if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is fully exercised, in each case based on an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus). As a result, the Sponsors will own shares sufficient for the majority vote over all matters requiring a stockholder vote. Our Stockholders’ Agreement will contain agreements among the parties with respect to certain matters, including the election of directors; mergers, consolidations and acquisitions; the sale of all or substantially all of our assets and other decisions affecting our capital structure; the amendment of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws; the termination of our chief executive officer or designation of a new chief executive officer; changes in the composition of committees of our board of directors; entry into or changes to certain compensation agreements; and the issuance of additional shares of our common stock. This concentration of ownership, together with the Sponsors’ rights under our Stockholders’ Agreement, may delay, deter or prevent

 

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acts that would be favored by our other stockholders. The interests of the Sponsors may not always coincide with our interests or the interests of our other stockholders. For example, because the Sponsors purchased their shares at prices substantially below the price at which shares are being sold in this offering and have held their shares for a longer period, they may be more interested in selling our Company to an acquirer than other investors or may want us to pursue strategies that deviate from the interests of other stockholders. In addition, under the Stockholders’ Agreement we have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to indemnify the Sponsors, and various affiliated persons and indirect equityholders of the Sponsors from certain losses arising out of any threatened or actual litigation by reason of the fact that the indemnified persons is or was a holder of our common stock or of equity interests in Sotera Health Company. Public stockholders will not benefit from this indemnification provision.

This concentration of ownership, together with the Sponsors’ rights under our Stockholders’ Agreement, may also have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change in control. As a result, the market price of our common stock could decline or stockholders might not receive a premium over the then-current market price of our common stock upon a change in control. In addition, this concentration of ownership, together with the Sponsors’ rights under our Stockholders’ Agreement, may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock because investors may perceive disadvantages in owning shares in a company with significant stockholders.

Certain of our stockholders have the right to engage or invest in the same or similar businesses as us.

The Sponsors have other investments and business activities in addition to their ownership of us. The Sponsors have the right, and have no duty to abstain from exercising such right, to engage or invest in the same or similar businesses as us, do business with any of our customers or suppliers or employ or otherwise engage any of our officers, directors or employees. If the Sponsors or any of their officers, directors or employees acquire knowledge of a potential transaction that could be a corporate opportunity, they have no duty, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to offer such corporate opportunity to us, our stockholders or our affiliates. This right could adversely impact our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations if attractive business opportunities are procured by the Sponsors or another party for their own benefit rather than for ours.

In the event that any of our directors and officers who is also a director, officer or employee of any Sponsor acquires knowledge of a corporate opportunity or is offered a corporate opportunity, such person is deemed to have fully satisfied such person’s fiduciary duties owed to us and is not liable to us, to the fullest extent permitted by law, if such Sponsor pursues or acquires the corporate opportunity or does not present the corporate opportunity to us, provided that this knowledge was not acquired solely in such person’s capacity as our director or officer and such person acts in good faith.

The requirements of being a public company, including compliance with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, may strain our resources, increase our costs and distract management, and we may be unable to comply with these requirements in a timely or cost-effective manner.

As a public company with shares listed on a U.S. exchange, we will need to comply with new laws, regulations and requirements, certain corporate governance provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Act, related regulations of the SEC, the requirements of the Nasdaq and other applicable rules and regulations, with which we are not required to comply as a private company. Complying with these statutes, regulations and requirements will occupy a significant amount of time of our board of directors and management and will significantly increase our legal and financial compliance costs and expenses. We will need to:

 

   

institute a more comprehensive compliance function;

 

   

comply with rules promulgated by the Nasdaq;

 

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prepare and distribute periodic public reports in compliance with our obligations under the federal securities laws;

 

   

establish new internal policies, such as those relating to insider trading; and

 

   

involve and retain, to a greater degree, outside counsel and accountants in the above activities.

In addition, as a result of becoming a public company, we intend to add independent directors and create additional board committees. We also expect that being a public company subject to these rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. We are currently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these rules and regulations, and we cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs and the material effect they could have on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Because a substantial portion of our proceeds from this offering will be used to repay outstanding indebtedness, only a portion of our proceeds from this offering may be used to further invest in our business. We will have broad discretion in the use of net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion to use our net proceeds from this offering, and you will be relying on the judgment of our management regarding the application of these proceeds. We expect to use a portion of the approximately $                 million of our net proceeds from this offering to repay $                 million of our outstanding indebtedness, with the balance, if any, to be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes. As a result, a significant portion of our net proceeds of this offering will not be invested in our business, and therefore the value of your investment may not be increased. Because we will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering, our management may fail to apply these funds effectively, which could adversely affect our ability to operate and grow our business. You will not have the opportunity to influence our decisions on how to use our net proceeds from this offering.

The reduced disclosure requirements applicable to us as an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act may make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act and may remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (a) the last day of the fiscal year during which we had total annual gross revenues of $1.07 billion or more, (b) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of this offering, (c) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the previous three-year period or (d) the date on which we are deemed a “large accelerated filer” as defined under the federal securities laws. For as long as we remain an “emerging growth company,” we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies, including, but not limited to, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on certain executive compensation matters, such as “say on pay” and “say on frequency” and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. As a result, our stockholders may not have access to certain information that they may deem important.

We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive as a result of our taking advantage of these exemptions. If they do, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We are choosing to take advantage of

 

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this extended transition period and, as a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for private companies or at which time we conclude it is appropriate to avail ourselves of early adoption provisions of applicable standards. Accordingly, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates, and our stockholders and potential investors may have difficulty in analyzing our operating results by comparing us to such companies.

Anti-takeover provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and our Stockholders’ Agreement, as well as Delaware law, could discourage a change in control of our company or a change in our management.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, our Stockholders’ Agreement and Delaware law will contain provisions that might discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition, or other change in control that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which you might otherwise receive a premium for your shares of our common stock. These provisions may also prevent or frustrate attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our management. These provisions include:

 

   

limiting the liability of, and providing indemnification to, our directors and officers;

 

   

establishing a classified board of directors with three-year staggered terms, which could delay the ability of stockholders to change the membership of a majority of our board of directors;

 

   

providing that directors may be removed only for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the voting power of our outstanding common stock; provided that so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, hold at least 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, a director designated by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively, may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the votes that all the stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors or class of directors and with the consent of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively;

 

   

limiting the determination of the number of directors on our board of directors and the filling of vacancies or newly created seats on the board to our board of directors then in office; provided that for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR have the right to designate at least one director for election to our board of directors, (i) any vacancies will be filled in accordance with the designation provisions set forth in the Stockholders’ Agreement and (ii) the number of directors shall not exceed eleven;

 

   

advance notice requirements applicable to stockholders for matters to be brought before a meeting of stockholders and requirements as to the form and content of a stockholders’ notice; provided that no advance notice shall be required for nominations of candidates for election to our board of directors pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement;

 

   

requiring the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of our outstanding common stock to amend certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws; provided that so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, hold at least a majority of our outstanding capital stock, only a majority stockholder vote requirement would apply to such matters;

 

   

providing that for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR have the right (individually) to designate at least three directors for election to our board of directors, certain board approvals, including amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws and certain specified corporate transactions, including certain acquisitions, mergers, other business combination transactions and dispositions, may be effected only with the affirmative vote of 75% of our board of directors, in addition to any other vote required by applicable law;

 

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providing that for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus have the right to designate at least one director for election to our board of directors and for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR have the right to designate one director for election to our board of directors, in each case, a quorum of our board of directors (and committees of the board of directors on which a director designated by Warburg Pincus or GTCR will serve) will not exist without at least one director designee of each of Warburg Pincus and GTCR present at such meeting; provided that if a meeting of our board of directors (or a committee of the board of directors) fails to achieve a quorum due to the absence of a director designee of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, as applicable, the presence of a director designee of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, as applicable, will not be required in order for a quorum to exist at the next duly noticed meeting of our board of directors (or a committee thereof);

 

   

the right to issue blank check preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could be used to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer or adopt a stockholder rights plan;

 

   

a requirement that our stockholders may only take action at annual or special meetings of our stockholders and may not act by written consent; provided that, for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, beneficially own a majority of our outstanding capital stock, a meeting and vote of stockholders may be dispensed with, and the action may be taken without prior notice and without such meeting and vote if a written consent is signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at the meeting of stockholders;

 

   

limiting the ability of stockholders to call and bring business before special meetings; provided that for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, beneficially own a majority of our outstanding capital stock, special meetings of our stockholders may be called by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting stock; and

 

   

limiting the forum to Delaware or Federal Court for certain litigation against us.

In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will contain a provision that provides us with protections similar to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”), and will prevent us from engaging in a business combination with a person (excluding the Sponsors and any of their respective direct or indirect transferees and any group as to which such persons are a party) who acquires at least 15% of our common stock for a period of three years from the date such person acquired such common stock, unless board or shareholder approval is obtained prior to the acquisition. See “Description of Capital Stock—Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Our Amended and Restated Bylaws and Delaware Law.”

These provisions might discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or a change in our management. For example, because investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR together will own a majority of the voting power of our common stock upon the completion of this offering, they could prevent a third party from acquiring us, even if the third party’s offer may be considered beneficial by many of our stockholders. The existence of these provisions could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will designate specific courts as the exclusive forum for certain litigation that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ abilities to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the sole and exclusive forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary

 

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duty owed by any of our current or former directors, officers or other employees or stockholders to us or our stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim against us or any of our directors or officers or other employees or stockholders arising pursuant to, any action to interpret, apply, enforce any right, obligation or remedy under, any provision of the DGCL our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws, (4) any action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, or (5) any other action asserting an “internal corporate claim” under the DGCL shall be the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or any state or federal court located within the State of Delaware if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction), in all cases subject to the court’s having jurisdiction over indispensable parties named as defendants (the “Delaware Forum Provision”). Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will further provide that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act (the “Federal Forum Provision”). With respect to the Exchange Act, only claims brought derivatively under the Exchange Act would be subject to the Delaware Forum Provision described above.

The Delaware Forum Provision and the Federal Forum Provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find the Delaware Forum Provision or the Federal Forum Provision to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in our shares of capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented the Delaware Forum Provision and the Federal Forum Provision, but will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future, and, consequently, your ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our common stock.

We do not expect to declare or pay dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently expect to use any cash flow generated by operations to pay for our operations, repay existing indebtedness and grow our business. Any decisions to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, contractual restrictions, restrictions imposed by applicable law and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. Our ability to pay dividends on our common stock is limited by the terms of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the First Lien Notes and Second Lien Notes. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock will be the sole source of potential gain for the foreseeable future, and you will have to sell some or all of your common stock to generate cash flow from your investment. See “Dividend Policy.”

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Some of the statements made under the headings “Summary,” “Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in the financial statements and elsewhere in this prospectus contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, beliefs, expectations and current views with respect to, among other things, future events and financial performance. Forward-looking statements are often characterized by the use of words such as “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “projects,” “may,” “intends,” “plans” or “anticipates,” or by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to differ materially from historical results or any future results, performance or achievements expressed, suggested or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:

 

   

any disruption in the availability of, or increases in the price of, EO, Co-60 or our other direct materials, services and supplies, including as a result of current geopolitical instability arising from U.S. relations with Russia and related sanctions;

 

   

adverse changes in industry trends;

 

   

adverse changes in environmental, health and safety regulations;

 

   

accidents resulting from the safety risks associated with the use and disposal of potentially hazardous materials such as EO and Co-60;

 

   

accidents resulting from the safety risks associated with the transportation of potentially hazardous materials such as EO and Co-60;

 

   

liability claims relating to health risks associated with the use of EO and Co-60;

 

   

current and future legal proceedings;

 

   

the intensity of competition we face;

 

   

any market changes that impact our long-term supply contracts with variable price clauses;

 

   

allegations of our failure to properly perform our services and any potential product liability claims, recalls, penalties and reputational harm;

 

   

the regulatory requirements to which we are subject, and any failures to receive or maintain, or delays in receiving, required clearance or approvals;

 

   

business continuity hazards and other risks associated with our operations, including our reliance on the use and sale of products and services from a single location;

 

   

the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic;

 

   

our ability to increase capacity at existing facilities and build new facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner;

 

   

our ability to renew the long-term leases for our facilities at the end of their terms;

 

   

the risks of doing business internationally;

 

   

instability in global and regional economic and political conditions;

 

   

our failure to retain key personnel and attract talent;

 

   

the significant regulatory oversight to which our import and export operations are subject, and any failure to comply with applicable regulations;

 

   

any cyber security breaches and data leaks as a result of our dependence on information technology systems;

 

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the risks of pursuing strategic transactions, including acquisitions, and our ability to find suitable acquisition targets or integrate strategic acquisitions successfully into our business;

 

   

our ability to implement effective internal controls over financial reporting;

 

   

our reliance on intellectual property to maintain our competitive position and the risk of claims from third parties that we infringe or misappropriate their intellectual property rights;

 

   

the data privacy and security laws and regulations to which we are subject, and any ineffective compliance efforts with such laws and regulations;

 

   

our ability to maintain profitability in the future;

 

   

impairment charges on our goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives;

 

   

unionization efforts and labor regulations in certain countries in which we operate;

 

   

the variety of laws involving the cannabis industry to which we are subject, and any failure to comply with those laws;

 

   

the risk of government or private civil antitrust actions;

 

   

adverse changes to our tax positions in U.S. or non-U.S. jurisdictions, the interpretation and application of recent U.S. tax legislation or other changes in U.S. or non-U.S. taxation of our operations;

 

   

our substantial leverage could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry and prevent us from meeting our obligations under our existing and future indebtedness;

 

   

our ability to generate sufficient cash flows or access sufficient additional capital to meet our debt obligations or to fund our other liquidity needs; and

 

   

the other risks described in the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus.

These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and therefore you should not place undue reliance on them. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update them publicly in light of new information or future events, except as required by law. The inclusion of this forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by us, the Sponsors, the underwriters or any other person that the future plans, estimates or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved.

You should carefully consider the “Risk Factors” and subsequent public statements, or reports filed with or furnished to the SEC, before making any investment decision with respect to our securities. If any of these trends, risks or uncertainties actually occurs or continues, our business, financial condition or operating results could be materially adversely affected, the trading prices of our securities could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that our net proceeds from the sale of                shares of common stock offered by us will be approximately $             or approximately $             if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full (at an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share of common stock, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus), after deducting underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us of approximately $             or approximately $             if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full.

We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds of this offering to repay $            million of indebtedness. We plan to use the balance of the net proceeds of this offering for working capital and other general corporate purposes. In addition, we believe that opportunities may exist from time to time to expand our current business through acquisitions of or investments in complementary products, services, technologies or businesses. While we have no current agreements, commitments or understandings or any specific acquisitions at this time, we may use a portion of our net proceeds for these purposes. Pending use of the proceeds as described above, we intend to invest the proceeds in short-term, interest-bearing, investment-grade securities.

Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $            per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase or decrease the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $            million, assuming no change in the assumed number of shares offered by us and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Each increase or decrease of 1.0 million in the number of shares offered by us would increase or decrease the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $            million, assuming no change in the assumed initial public offering price and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. To the extent we raise more proceeds in this offering than currently estimated, we will repay additional amounts of our indebtedness. To the extent we raise less proceeds in this offering than currently estimated, we will reduce the amount of indebtedness we repay.

 

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DIVIDEND POLICY

We do not currently expect to pay any dividends on our common stock. Instead, we intend to use any future earnings for the operation and growth of our business and the repayment of indebtedness.

Future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, our financial condition, earnings, capital requirements, level of indebtedness, statutory and contractual restrictions applicable to the payment of dividends and other considerations that our board of directors deems relevant. The timing and amount of future dividend payments will be at the discretion of our board of directors.

Because we are a holding company and have no direct operations, we will only be able to pay dividends from our available cash on hand and any funds we receive from our subsidiaries. The agreements governing our existing indebtedness contain negative covenants that limit, among other things, our ability to pay cash dividends on our common stock, and the terms of any future loan agreement into which we may enter or any additional debt securities we may issue are likely to contain similar restrictions on the payment of dividends. In addition, Delaware law may impose requirements that may restrict our ability to pay dividends. See “Description of Certain Indebtedness” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to this Offering and Ownership of Our Common Stock—We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future, and, consequently, your ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our common stock.”

In 2019, we paid dividends to Topco Parent in the aggregate amount of $691.2 million. We do not currently intend to declare or pay any similar special dividends in the foreseeable future.

For a discussion of the application of withholding taxes on dividends, see “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations for Non-U.S. Holders.”

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and our capitalization as of June 30, 2020:

 

   

on an actual basis;

 

   

on a pro forma basis to:

 

   

give effect to the completion of our corporate reorganization prior to the completion of this offering (see “Corporate Reorganization”); and

 

   

reflect share-based compensation expense of $             associated with Class B-2 Units that we will recognize upon the listing and public trading of our common stock, which has been reflected as an increase to additional paid-in capital with an equal and offsetting increase to retained deficit.

 

   

on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect:

 

   

the sale of             shares of our common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $         per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range on the cover of this prospectus), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses; and

 

   

the application of the net proceeds from this offering to repay $        million of our outstanding indebtedness (and as otherwise described under the heading “Use of Proceeds”).

You should read the following table in conjunction with the sections titled “Use of Proceeds,” “Selected Consolidated Financial Information,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     As of June 30, 2020  
     Actual      Pro Forma      Pro Forma
As
Adjusted
 
     (In thousands)  
     (unaudited)  

Cash and cash equivalents

   $        $        $    
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Long-term debt, including current portion:

        

Revolving credit facility

        

Term loan

        

First lien notes

        

Second lien notes

        

Capital lease obligations

        

Other long-term debt

        

Total debt

        

Stockholders’ equity:

        

Common stock, with $0.01 par value per share, 3,000 shares authorized, 3,000 shares issued and outstanding, actual;         shares authorized,         shares issued and outstanding, pro forma;         shares authorized,         shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted

        

Additional paid-in capital

        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Retained earnings (deficit)

        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity (deficit) attributable to the company

        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Noncontrolling interests

        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity (deficit)

        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total capitalization

   $                    $                    $                
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Numbers in table may not foot, due to rounding.

 

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The pro forma as adjusted information is illustrative only and will change based on the actual initial public offering price and other final terms of this offering. To the extent we raise more proceeds in this offering than currently estimated, we will repay additional amounts of our indebtedness. To the extent we raise less proceeds in this offering than currently estimated, we will reduce the amount of indebtedness we repay. Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $            per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would decrease or increase our long-term debt by $            million, increase or decrease our additional paid-in capital and total equity (deficit) by $            million and decrease or increase total capitalization by $            million, assuming no change in the assumed number of shares offered by us, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable. Each increase or decrease of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares offered by us would decrease or increase our long-term debt by $            million, increase or decrease our additional paid-in capital and total equity (deficit) by $            million and decrease or increase total capitalization by $            million, assuming no change in the assumed initial public offering price and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable.

 

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DILUTION

If you invest in our common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our common stock and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock after this offering. Dilution results from the fact that the per share offering price of the common stock is substantially in excess of the net tangible book value per share attributable to the existing equity holders. Net tangible book value per share represents the amount of stockholders’ equity excluding intangible assets, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding at that date.

Our historical net tangible book value as of                 , 2020 was $         million, or approximately $             per share of common stock (assuming                 shares of common stock outstanding).

The dilution per share to new investors represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of common stock in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of common stock immediately after completion of this offering. Investors participating in this offering will incur immediate, substantial dilution. After giving effect to the corporate reorganization and our sale of                  shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses, our net tangible book value as of                , 2020 would have been approximately $             or approximately $             per share. This amount represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $             per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $             per share to purchasers of common stock in this offering, as illustrated in the following table.

 

Assumed initial public offering price per share

      $            

Net tangible book value per share as of                 , 2020

   $               

Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering

     
  

 

 

    

Net tangible book value per share after this offering

     
     

 

 

 

Dilution in net tangible book value per share to investors in this offering

      $    
     

 

 

 

This dilution information is illustrative only, and following the completion of this offering, will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $        per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus would increase or decrease, as applicable, our net tangible book value by approximately $         or approximately $         per share, and the dilution in the net tangible book value per share to investors in this offering by approximately $         per share, assuming no change in the assumed number of shares offered by us, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Each increase or decrease of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase or decrease our net tangible book value per share after this offering by $        , and increase or decrease dilution per share to new investors by $        , assuming no change in the initial public offering price and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and the estimated offering expenses payable by us.

To the extent the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is exercised, there will be further dilution to new investors.

The following table summarizes, as of                 , 2020, on the basis described above, the differences between existing stockholders and new investors with respect to the number of shares of common stock purchased from us, the total consideration paid and the average price per share of our common stock paid by existing stockholders. The calculation with respect to shares purchased by new investors in this offering reflects the issuance of shares of our

 

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common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, before deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

 

     Shares Purchased     Total Consideration     Average Price
Per Share
 
     Number      Percent     Amount      Percent        

Existing stockholders

                         %     $                      %     $            

New investors

        %     $          %     $    
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

        100        100   $    

If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, the number of shares of common stock held by new investors will increase to             , or             percent, of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after this offering.

The discussion and table above assume no issuance of shares reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plans. Following the closing of this offering, there will be             shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under the New Equity Plan.

 

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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following tables present our selected historical consolidated financial and other data. The selected historical consolidated statements of operations data and statements of cash flows data for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the selected historical balance sheet data as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected historical consolidated statements of operations data and statements of cash flows data for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 and the selected historical consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2020 have been derived from our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of our management, reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair presentation of this data.

The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the information contained in “Use of Proceeds,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of our results in any future period and our results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any full fiscal year.

 

Statement of Operations Data:   Year Ended December 31,     Six Months Ended June 30,  
(in thousands, except per share amounts)           2019                     2018                     2020                     2019          

Revenues:

       

Service

  $ 673,037     $ 615,510     $ 341,849     $ 328,482  

Product

    105,290       130,639       59,436       61,038  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total net revenues

    778,327       746,149       401,285       389,520  

Cost of revenues:

       

Service

    333,290       326,559       163,689       164,467  

Product

    49,606       62,338       22,112       27,087  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues

    382,896       388,897       185,801       191,554  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

    395,431       357,252       215,484       197,966  

Operating expenses:

       

Selling, general and administrative expenses

    147,480       133,363       79,737       65,903  

Amortization of intangible assets

    58,562       57,975       29,140       29,504  

Impairment of long-lived assets

    5,792       34,981       —         —    

Impairment of GA-MURR intangible assets

    —         50,086       —         —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

    211,834       276,405       108,877       95,407  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

    183,597       80,847       106,607       102,559  

Interest expense, net

    157,729       143,326       111,812       75,127  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

    30,168       —         —         —    

Foreign exchange (gain) loss

    3,862       13,075       (799     877  

Gain on sale of Medical Isotopes business

    —         (95,910     —         —    

Other income, net

    (7,246     (3,866     (1,208     (4,908
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

    (916     24,222       (3,198     31,463  

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

    19,509       30,098       (8,464     18,592  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

    (20,425     (5,876     5,266       12,871  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

    425       (6     213       186  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to the company

  $ (20,850   $ (5,870   $ 5,053     $ 12,685  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Statement of Operations Data:   Year Ended December 31,     Six Months Ended June 30,  
(in thousands, except per share amounts)           2019                     2018                     2020                     2019          

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:

       

Pension and post-retirement benefits

  $ (12,126   $ 873     $ 1,240     $ (585

Interest rate swaps

    179       —         (2,014     —    

Foreign currency translation

    27,402       (67,917     (48,527     25,104  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss)

    (4,970     (72,920     (44,035     37,390  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

    310       (186     212       71  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the company

  $ (5,280   $ (72,734   $ (44,247   $ 37,319  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings (loss) per share:

       

Basic and Diluted(a)

  $ (6,950   $ (1,957   $ 1,684     $ 4,228  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares used to compute earnings (loss) per share:

       

Basic and Diluted(a)

    3,000       3,000       3,000       3,000  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Pro forma earnings (loss) per share (unaudited)(b)

       

Basic

  $         $      

Diluted

  $         $      
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

Pro forma weighted-average shares used to compute earnings (loss) per share (unaudited)(b)

       

Basic

       

Diluted

       
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

Pro forma as adjusted earnings (loss) per share (unaudited)(b)(c)

       

Basic

  $         $      

Diluted

  $         $      
 

 

 

     

 

 

   

Pro forma as adjusted weighted-average shares used to compute earnings (loss) per share (unaudited)(b)(d)

       

Basic

       

Diluted

       
       

Selected cash flow data:

       

Net cash provided by operating activities

  $ 149,041     $ 119,563     $ 52,687     $ 78,033  

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(e)

    (57,257     96,638       (23,438     (24,868

Net cash used in financing activities

    (126,030     (191,857     (6,518     (17,449

Other data:

       

Adjusted Net Income(f)

  $ 100,386     $ 75,315     $ 55,171     $ 50,599  

Adjusted EBITDA(f)

    379,932       340,637       206,312       190,039  

 

(a)

Does not reflect a     -for-1 stock split to be effected as part of our corporate reorganization to be completed prior to the completion of this offering.

(b)

The pro forma and pro forma as adjusted data give effect to the completion of our corporate reorganization prior to the completion of this offering.

(c)

Pro forma as adjusted earnings (loss) per share has been adjusted to reflect $        million and                 million of lower interest expense, net of taxes, for the year ended December 31, 2019 and the six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, related to the repayment of $        of principal amount outstanding under our                , using a portion of the proceeds of this offering as if such indebtedness had been repaid as of the beginning of the period.

(d)

Pro forma as adjusted weighted-average shares include those shares of common stock to be issued in this offering necessary to pay down $        million principal amount outstanding under our                , based on an assumed initial public offering price of $            per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range

 

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  set forth on the cover page of this prospectus). Such shares are assumed to have been issued as of the date such indebtedness was incurred for the year ended December 31, 2019 and as of the beginning of the six months ended June 30, 2020.
(e)

Includes purchases of property, plant and equipment of $57,257, $72,613, $23,438 and $24,868, respectively (which includes Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites).

(f)

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. For a definition of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation to net income (loss), see “Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

 

     As of
December 31,
     As of
June 30,
 
     2019      2018      2020  

Balance Sheet Data (as of period end):

        

(in thousands)

        

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 62,863      $ 96,272      $ 86,195  

Working capital(a)

     128,364        169,488        144,489  

Total assets

     2,580,674        2,708,584        2,558,977  

Total long-term debt (including current portion)

     2,817,204        2,204,906        2,816,414  

Total liabilities

     3,221,806        2,663,093        3,241,027  

Total equity (deficit) attributable to the company

     (642,574      44,359        (683,704

Noncontrolling interests

     1,442        1,132        1,654  

Total equity (deficit)

     (641,132      45,491        (682,050

 

(a)

Working capital represents current assets less current liabilities.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our selected consolidated financial information and consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about our business and operations. Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in such forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including the factors we describe in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

OVERVIEW

We are a leading global provider of mission-critical sterilization and lab testing and advisory services to the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. We are driven by our mission: Safeguarding Global Health®. We provide end-to-end sterilization as well as microbiological and analytical lab testing and advisory services to help ensure that medical, pharmaceutical and food products are safe for healthcare practitioners, patients and consumers in the United States and around the world. Our customers include more than 40 of the top 50 medical device companies and eight of the top ten global pharmaceutical companies (based on revenue). Our services are an essential aspect of our customers’ manufacturing process and supply chains, helping to ensure sterilized medical products reach healthcare practitioners and patients. Most of these services are necessary for our customers to satisfy applicable government requirements. We give our customers confidence that their products meet regulatory, safety and effectiveness requirements. With a combined tenure across our businesses of nearly 200 years and our industry-recognized scientific and technological expertise, we help to ensure the safety of millions of patients and healthcare practitioners around the world every year. Across our 63 facilities worldwide, we have nearly 2,900 employees who are dedicated to safety and quality. We are a trusted partner to more than 5,800 customers in over 50 countries.

We serve our customers throughout their product lifecycles, from product design to manufacturing and delivery, helping to ensure the sterility, effectiveness and safety of their products for the end user. We operate across two core businesses: sterilization services and lab services. Each of our businesses has a longstanding record and is a leader in its respective market, supported and connected by our core capabilities including deep end market, regulatory, technical and logistics expertise. The combination of Sterigenics, our terminal sterilization business, and Nordion, our Co-60 supply business, makes us the only vertically integrated global gamma sterilization provider in the sterilization industry. This provides us with additional insights and allows us to better serve our customers. For financial reporting purposes, our sterilization services business consists of two reportable segments, Sterigenics and Nordion, and our lab services business consists of one reportable segment, Nelson Labs.

 

   

Sterilization Services (Sterigenics and Nordion):

 

   

Under our Sterigenics brand, we provide outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets. Terminal sterilization is the process of sterilizing a product in its final packaging. It is an essential, and often government-mandated, step in the manufacturing process of healthcare products before they are shipped to end-users. These products include medical protective barriers, including PPE, procedure kits and trays, implants, syringes, catheters, wound care products, laboratory products and pharmaceuticals. Our sterilization facilities are often strategically located near our healthcare customers’ manufacturing sites or distribution hubs, which is intended to decrease our customers’ transportation costs and help them optimize their supply chain and logistics. We offer our customers a complete range of outsourced terminal sterilization services, primarily using the three major sterilization technologies: gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation.

 

   

Under our Nordion brand, we are the leading global provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are key components to the gamma sterilization process. Co-60 is a radioactive isotope that

 

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is needed by medical device manufacturers and sterilizers including Sterigenics. Co-60 decays and must be replaced over time to produce the desired level of irradiation. We have the most comprehensive access to nuclear power reactor operators around the world, which are able to produce Co-60. The capabilities that we provide to Nordion’s customers include handling and processing of Co-60, recycling of depleted sources and global logistics enabled by our licensed container fleet. We are integral to our customers’ operations due to highly coordinated and complex installation processes. In addition, under our Nordion brand, we are a leading supplier of Co-60 sources for stereotactic radiosurgery devices (such as the Gamma Knife®), which are used for certain oncology applications.

 

   

Lab Services (Nelson Labs):

 

   

Under our Nelson Labs brand, we are a global leader in outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. We provide our customers mission-critical lab testing services, which assess the product quality, effectiveness, patient safety and end-to-end sterility of products. These services are necessary for our customers’ regulatory approvals, product releases and ongoing product performance evaluations.

Microbiology testing services help to identify and measure the potential risks of microbes to a product and ensure that the quality of the products is maintained. Analytical chemistry lab testing is also a critical part of the pharmaceutical drug and medical device development and manufacturing process. This testing provides first-hand information as to the content, quality and safety of raw materials, intermediates and finished products. We also provide expert advisory services to aid customers in navigating the regulatory requirements applicable throughout the product lifecycle.

Nelson Labs serves over 3,800 customers across 13 facilities in the United States, Mexico, Asia and Europe. We have a comprehensive array of over 800 laboratory tests supporting our customers from initial product development and sterilization validation, through regulatory approval and ongoing product testing for sterility, safety and quality assurance. Our customers rely on our expertise in their industries to get their medical device and pharmaceutical products to market.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recorded net revenues of $778.3 million, net loss of $20.4 million, Adjusted Net Income of $100.4 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $379.9 million. In addition, for the six months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded net revenues of $401.3 million, net income of $5.3 million, Adjusted Net Income of $55.2 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $206.3 million. For the definition of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA and the reconciliation of these measures from net income (loss), please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data.” More than 90% of our sterilization services revenues in each of the year ended December 31, 2019 and the six months ended June 30, 2020 were from customers under multi-year contracts.

TRENDS AND KEY FACTORS AFFECTING OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

We expect that our performance and financial condition will continue to be driven by the key trends impacting our industries, customers and their end markets, as outlined in “Business—Industry Overview.” In addition, we believe the following trends and key factors have underpinned our recent operating results and may continue to affect our performance and financial condition in future periods.

 

   

Continue to drive organic growth. We drive organic growth through increasing utilization of our existing capacity and expanding our capacity and service offerings. In our Sterigenics business, we are investing in additional capacity at existing facilities and building new facilities. In our Nordion business, we are developing further supply relationships and expanding our capabilities to source Co-60 from additional types of reactors. In our Nelson Labs business, we are investing to expand our

 

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geographic reach, technical expertise and regulatory knowhow to stay ahead of the dynamic and increasingly stringent regulatory landscape in the healthcare industry, and drive growth in our advisory services offering.

 

   

Disciplined and strategic M&A activity. We have completed several strategic transactions that have expanded our addressable market and enhanced our global capabilities and footprint. In 2017, we acquired Toxikon Europe NV, a lab services business with extractable and leachables testing services. In 2018, we acquired Gibraltar Laboratories, Inc. (now known as Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc.) (“Nelson Fairfield”), a provider of microbiological and analytical chemistry testing. In July 2020, we acquired Iotron Industries Canada, Inc., an E-beam processing services and equipment provider. We also completed the sale of our former Medical Isotopes business to a subsidiary of BWX Technologies, Inc. in 2018 to monetize a noncore asset, the proceeds from which we reinvested in our core businesses. We are continuing to pursue strategic acquisitions to grow our footprint and expand our capabilities. In the contract sterilization business, we believe there are several attractive consolidation opportunities that could allow us to grow our footprint. We strategically pursue acquisitions that expand the reach and capabilities of Nelson Labs.

 

   

Business optimization and cost savings initiatives. We have conducted several business optimization and cost savings projects in connection with the integrations of Nordion and Nelson Labs, the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business and the creation of the Sotera Health “One Company” platform. These projects included consolidation of certain back office functions into a shared service model, optimization and harmonization of certain systems, insurance lines and benefits programs and rebranding the company under the name Sotera Health. Additionally, we have realigned our operating structure and made enhancements to certain processes. We also withdrew from the GA-MURR project in 2018. These projects have resulted in more efficient operations, working capital improvement and a more integrated and robust control and governance environment. In 2018, 2019 and through June 30, 2020, we incurred $8.8 million, $4.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively, in connection with implementing these projects. These measures have contributed in part to our 12.8% operating margin improvement and 3.2% of Adjusted EBITDA margin improvement in 2019. For the definition of Adjusted EBITDA and the reconciliation of these measures from net income (loss), please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data.”

 

   

Exit activities and litigation costs. We are currently the subject of a series of tort lawsuits alleging personal injury by purported exposure to EO emitted by our facility in Willowbrook, Illinois. We deny these allegations and are vigorously defending against these claims. In addition, we have been involved in litigation with local officials related to claims of loss of neighboring property value and to resume operations at our Atlanta facility that had been closed to enhance our EO emissions control equipment. We expect that our litigation costs will increase during the pendency of these cases as the per occurrence limit of our environmental liability insurance had been reached for the Willowbrook litigation as of June 30, 2020 and as we prepare for the commencement of the first personal injury trials currently scheduled to occur in 2021. See “Business—Legal Proceedings.” On September 30, 2019, we announced plans to exit our EO sterilization operations in Willowbrook and recorded a fixed asset impairment and have continued to incur certain closure costs including lease costs, payroll and utility expenses. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019, we recorded costs of $1.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively, relating to the closure of our Willowbrook facility.

 

   

Impacts of being a public company. Following this offering, as a public company we will incur significant expenses on an ongoing basis that we did not incur as a private company. Those costs include additional director and officer liability insurance expenses, as well as third-party and internal resources related to accounting, auditing, Sarbanes-Oxley Act compliance, legal, and investor and public relations expenses. These costs will generally be classified as Selling, General & Administrative (“SG&A”) expenses. Additionally, in connection with this offering, we expect to implement a long-term equity incentive plan to align our equity compensation program with public company plans and practices.

 

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Borrowings, financing costs and financial leverage. In December 2019, SHH entered into new Senior Secured Credit Facilities (which consist of a senior secured first lien term loan and senior secured first lien revolving credit facility) and issued $770.0 million of senior secured second lien notes to refinance SHH’s previously outstanding term loan and the redemption of the senior notes issued by us and SHH. In July 2020, SHH also issued $100.0 million of senior secured first lien notes to finance, in part, the Iotron acquisition. In connection with the 2019 refinancing, we wrote-off $13.5 million of debt issuance and discount costs and recognized $14.6 million representing premiums paid in connection with the early extinguishment of the senior notes. We also recognized an additional $2.1 million of expense related to debt issuance and discount costs. As a result, the majority of our long-term debt, all of which is prepayable, is not due until 2026. Going forward, absent any changes in interest rates, we expect a decrease in cash interest expense in future periods following this offering due to lower debt balances outstanding, as we intend to use a portion of the net proceeds of this offering to repay a portion of our outstanding indebtedness.

 

   

Impact of U.S. tax reform. On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act (“TCJA”) was signed into law. The legislation significantly changed U.S. tax law by, among other things, lowering corporate income tax rates to 21%, implementing an inclusion item for global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) and limiting interest expense deductions to 30% of U.S. adjusted taxable income. The CARES Act was signed into law on March 27, 2020 and temporarily increases the interest expense deduction limitation to 50% of U.S. adjusted taxable income for both 2019 and 2020. On July 23, 2020, final regulations were published that exempt income subject to a high rate of foreign tax from inclusion under GILTI for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017.

We currently estimate a 2020 GILTI current tax expense of approximately $12.7 million. In 2019 and 2018, we recognized GILTI current tax expense of $10.3 million and $4.9 million, respectively. We are analyzing the impact of the final GILTI regulations on our 2018, 2019 and 2020 income tax expense and will include the impact, if any, on our consolidated financial statements for the period ended September 30, 2020.

Although the TCJA limits the deductibility of interest expense in any given year, any amounts not currently deductible may be carried forward indefinitely. At December 31, 2019 we had $41.5 million of deferred tax assets, of which $5.6 million had a valuation allowance, relating to interest expense from 2019 and prior years that was not deductible in the originating period. As a result of the increased limitation provided by the CARES Act, we reversed the $5.6 million valuation allowance for the period ended March 31, 2020 and recorded a reduction in our 2019 and 2020 current income tax liability of $9.1 million in each period. We do not expect to fully realize the benefit of interest expense incurred in future periods and therefore may recognize a valuation allowance on any related deferred tax assets generated in those future periods that will impact our annual effective income tax rate.

 

   

Foreign currency exchange rates. As a result of our global operations, we generate a significant portion of our revenue and incur a significant portion of our expenses in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We translate the assets, liabilities, net revenues and expenses of all of our operations into U.S. dollars at applicable exchange rates, and therefore we experience gains and losses related to exchange rate fluctuations. See “—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Foreign Currency Risk.” From time to time, as and when we determine it is appropriate and advisable to do so, we may seek to mitigate the cash effect of exchange rate fluctuations through the use of derivative financial instruments.

 

   

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic. The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the governmental responses, has affected our operations beginning in the first quarter of 2020. There has been an increase in deferred elective procedures, which has negatively impacted demand for some of our products and services as a result of a decrease in the need for sterilized medical devices used in these procedures. Although our operations are considered “essential” in all locations where we operate, we have experienced, and may experience in the future, temporary facility closures while awaiting appropriate government approvals in certain jurisdictions or delays in delivering products or services to

 

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customers. We have experienced delayed deliveries, primarily in our Nordion business, at certain locations as a result of governmental travel restrictions enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The extent to which our operations will continue to be impacted by the pandemic will largely depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

COMPONENTS OF OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Revenues

Service revenues consist of revenue generated from contract sterilization and lab testing and advisory services within our Sterigenics and Nelson Labs segments, respectively. Service revenues also consist of Co-60 installation and disposal revenues and production irradiator refurbishments and installation services within our Nordion segment. Product revenues consist of revenues generated from sales of Co-60 radiation sources and production irradiators. Provisions for discounts, rebates to customers, and other adjustments are provided for as reductions in net revenues. Refunds, returns, warranties and other related obligations are not material to any of our business units, nor do we incur material incremental costs to secure customer contracts.

Cost of Revenues

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of direct materials, utilities, labor and related benefit costs, and depreciation and amortization. Although the cost of utilities and direct materials can fluctuate, the remaining components of cost of revenues are generally more stable. Direct material costs relating to service revenues primarily includes EO gas, nitrogen gas and Co-60. The physical decay of Co-60 assets is included within depreciation expense as a cost of revenue. Direct material costs relating to product revenues also include the costs associated with acquiring Co-60 in finished or semi-finished form, acquiring Co-59 in a form ready for insertion into reactors for conversion into Co-60, the reactor time and associated services to convert Co-59 into Co-60, and parts and equipment associated with building and maintaining production irradiators.

Operating Expenses

SG&A Expenses

SG&A primarily consists of compensation and benefits costs and general operating and administrative expenses, including professional service fees (which include finance and legal costs), travel and entertainment expenses, and other general and administrative expenses. Share-based compensation expense is also included in SG&A. At December 31, 2019, unvested awards have remaining unrecognized share-based compensation expense of $11.1 million, which consists of $6.0 million related to time vesting awards (Class B-1 Units) to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.8 years and $5.1 million related to performance vesting awards (Class B-2 Units). We expect to recognize the remaining expense associated with the performance vesting awards (Class B-2 Units) upon the listing and public trading of our common stock.

Amortization of Intangible Assets

Amortization of intangible assets primarily consists of expense associated with customer relationship intangibles, the majority of which relate to the fair values attributed to these assets upon the recapitalization of the Company in connection with the acquisition by the Sponsors in 2015. These customer relationship intangibles were initially assigned a useful life of ten years and have a remaining useful life of approximately five years. These customer relationship intangible assets account for $49.1 million of our current annual amortization expense and are expected to be fully amortized in 2025. Amortization expense fluctuates when we have an acquisition, disposition, impairment charge, or as their useful lives expire. We expect intangible assets related to future acquisitions and the associated amortization expense will increase over time as we execute on our strategy to pursue acquisition targets that are complementary to our businesses.

 

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Impairment

We review tangible and intangible assets for impairment on a regular basis. Impairment charges in 2018 represented charges associated with our withdrawal from the Nordion GA-MURR project (as described below) and the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business. Impairment charges in 2019 were incurred primarily in connection with the closure of the Willowbrook facility.

Operating Income

Operating income represents gross profit, less SG&A, amortization of intangible assets and impairment charges.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net, represents interest paid or accruing on our outstanding indebtedness and the amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs. Interest expense is affected by changes in average outstanding indebtedness (including capital lease obligations) and variable interest rates. We present interest expense net of interest income, which primarily consists of interest earned on cash on hand.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net primarily consists of changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives in Nordion’s contracts, the net impact of pension related benefits and income related to deferred income on a lease associated with the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business.

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes consists primarily of income taxes in foreign jurisdictions and U.S. federal and state income taxes.

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests

We conduct our operations through our subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2019, our subsidiaries were wholly owned by us, except for outstanding noncontrolling interests of 15% and 33% at our two China subsidiaries, respectively, as well as the remaining 15% related to the August 2018 acquisition of Nelson Fairfield. Pursuant to the terms of the transaction, we acquired 85% of the equity interests of Nelson Fairfield and are required to acquire the 15% noncontrolling interest within three years from the date of the acquisition. For accounting purposes, we consolidate the results of operations of these subsidiaries with our results of operations and reflect the noncontrolling interests of our two China subsidiaries on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests. Because the purchase obligation for the remaining 15% ownership of Nelson Fairfield is mandatory (valued at $13.6 million as of June 30, 2020), none of its earnings are allocated to noncontrolling interests.

Constant Currency Sales Growth

“Constant currency” is a non-GAAP financial measure we use to assess performance excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes. Constant currency sales growth is calculated by translating prior year sales in local currency at the average exchange rates applicable for the current period. The translated results are then used to determine year-over-year percentage increases or decreases. We generally refer to such amounts calculated on a constant currency basis as excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates. These results should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, results reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Results on a constant currency basis, as we present them, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies and are not measures of performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

 

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Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA

We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP financial measures, as the principal measures of our operating performance. Management believes Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are useful because they allow management to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without the impact of certain non-cash items and non-routine items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future and other items that are not core to our operations. We believe that these measures are useful to our investors because they provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business than could be obtained absent this disclosure. In addition, we believe Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA will assist investors in making comparisons to our historical operating results and analyzing the underlying performance of our operations for the periods presented. Our management also uses Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA in their financial analysis and operational decision-making and Adjusted EBITDA serves as the metric for attainment of our primary annual incentive program. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be comparable to, a similarly titled measure used by other companies.

For more information regarding our definition and calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, including information about its limitations as a tool for analysis, please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data.”

Segment Income

Segment Income is the primary earnings measure we use to evaluate the performance of our reportable segments, as disclosed in the Segment and Geographic Information note to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Costs associated with support functions that are not directly associated with one of the three reportable segments, such as corporate operating expenses for executive management, accounting, information technology, legal, human resources, treasury, corporate development, tax, purchasing, and marketing are allocated to the segments based on net revenue. Segment Income excludes certain items which are included in income (loss) before tax as determined in our consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 as compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

The following table sets forth the components of our results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   2020      2019      $ Change     % Change  

Total net revenues

   $ 401,285      $ 389,520      $ 11,765       3.0

Total cost of revenues

     185,801        191,554        (5,753     (3.0 )% 

Total operating expenses

     108,877        95,407        13,470       14.1

Operating income

     106,607        102,559       
4,048
 
    3.9

Net income

     5,266        12,871        (7,605     (59.1 %) 

Adjusted Net Income (1)

     55,171        50,599        4,572       9.0

Adjusted EBITDA(1)

     206,312        190,039        16,273       8.6
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. For more information regarding our calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, including information about their limitations as tools for analysis and a reconciliation of net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data.”

 

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Total Net Revenues

The following table compares our revenues by type for the six months ended June 30, 2020 to the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Net revenues for the Six Months Ended June 30,

   2020      2019      $ Change     % Change  

Service

   $ 341,849      $ 328,482      $  13,367       4.1

Product

     59,436        61,038        (1,602     (2.6 %) 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total net revenues

   $ 401,285      $ 389,520      $ 11,765       3.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net revenues were $401.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020, an increase of $11.8 million, or 3.0%, as compared with the same period in the prior year. Excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, net revenues in the six months ended June 30, 2020 increased approximately 4.5% compared with the same period in the prior year.

Service revenues

Service revenues increased $13.4 million, or 4.1%, to $341.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to $328.5 million for the same period in the prior year. The increase in net service revenues reflected a $9.4 million favorable impact from pricing in our Sterigenics segment and $6.4 million of increased demand for services related primarily to personal protective equipment used to provide protection against COVID-19 in our Nelson Labs segment. This was partially offset by a $6.6 million impact of the temporary suspension of operations at our Atlanta facility and the permanent closure of the Willowbrook facility.

Product revenues

Product revenues decreased $1.6 million, or 2.6%, to $59.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to $61.0 million for the same period in the prior year. Product revenues reflected an 8.1% decline related to lower sales of medical-use Co-60 driven largely by delays in delivery from COVID-19 disruptions, partially offset by a 7.7% increase in sales related to industrial-use Co-60.

Total Cost of Revenues

The following table compares our cost of revenues by type for the six months ended June 30, 2020 to the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Cost of revenues for the Six Months Ended June 30,

   2020      2019      $ Change     % Change  

Service

   $ 163,689      $ 164,467      $ (778     (0.5 %) 

Product

     22,112        27,087        (4,975     (18.4 %) 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues

   $ 185,801      $ 191,554      $ (5,753     (3.0 %) 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues accounted for approximately 46.3% and 49.2% of our consolidated net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Cost of service revenues

Cost of service revenues decreased $0.8 million, or 0.5%, for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to the prior year period. The decrease in cost of service revenues was primarily attributable to the closure of the Willowbrook facility, representing a decrease of $2.2 million, partially offset by incremental costs associated with increased demand for services related to personal protective equipment as referenced above.

 

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Cost of product revenues

Cost of product revenues decreased $5.0 million, or 18.4%, for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to the prior year period. Lower sales volumes due to delays in the delivery of medical use Co-60 attributed to COVID-19 disruptions represented $3.4 million of the decline. The remainder of the decline is primarily due to favorable mix of Co-60 suppliers representing a reduction of $1.7 million.

Operating Expenses

The following table compares our operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020 to the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Operating expenses for the Six Months Ended June 30,

   2020      2019      $ Change     % Change  

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   $ 79,737      $ 65,903      $ 13,834       21.0

Amortization of intangible assets

     29,140        29,504        (364     (1.2 %) 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   $ 108,877      $ 95,407      $ 13,470       14.1
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses accounted for approximately 27.1% and 24.5% of our consolidated net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

SG&A

SG&A increased $13.8 million, or 21.0%, for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to the prior year period. The increase was driven primarily by the following:

 

   

an $8.3 million increase in third party professional fees, including $7.8 million of legal expenses, associated with EO litigation; the majority of these expenses were recorded in the second quarter of 2020, as the per occurrence limit of our environmental liability insurance had been reached for the Willowbrook litigation as of June 30, 2020;

 

   

$2.3 million in costs directly associated with COVID-19 in the second quarter, including donations to related charitable causes and special bonuses for front-line personnel working on-site during lockdown periods; and

 

   

$3.4 million in professional fees associated with the July 2020 acquisition of Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. and the realignment of our operating structure.

Amortization of intangible assets

Amortization of intangible assets was $29.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 or 1.2% below the prior year period. The change was insignificant as there were no significant changes to our finite-lived intangible assets.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net increased $36.7 million, or 48.8%, for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to the prior year. The increase was largely due to a higher outstanding debt balance as a direct result of the December 2019 refinancing and other 2019 incremental borrowings in which we assumed aggregate incremental debt of approximately $660.0 million, as well as a $50.0 million borrowing on the revolver during the first quarter of 2020, which was subsequently repaid in the second quarter of 2020. The weighted average interest rate was 6.93% and 6.20% at June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

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Other Income, Net

Other income, net was $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and $4.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The fluctuation was primarily driven by the change in the fair value of the embedded derivatives in Nordion’s contracts. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded an unrealized loss on embedded derivatives of $2.0 million as compared to an unrealized gain on embedded derivatives of $1.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Provision for Income Taxes

For the six months ended June 30, 2020 we had an income tax benefit of $8.5 million, compared to tax expense of $18.6 million recorded in the prior year period. The change is driven primarily by the tax benefit attributable to a loss before income taxes for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and the $5.6 million tax benefit realized associated with the increased limitation on the deductibility of interest expense in conjunction with the CARES Act enacted in March 2020.

Provision for income taxes for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 differed from the statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the foreign rate differential, GILTI and the increased limitation on the deductibility of interest expense.

Net Income, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA

Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $5.3 million, as compared to $12.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019. Adjusted Net Income was $55.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, as compared to $50.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, due to the factors described above. Adjusted EBITDA was $206.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, as compared to $190.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, due to the factors described above. Please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data” for a reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA to their most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

Fiscal 2019 as compared to Fiscal 2018

The following table sets forth the components of our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   2019     2018     $ Change     % Change  

Total net revenues

   $ 778,327     $ 746,149     $ 32,178       4.3

Total cost of revenues

     382,896       388,897       (6,001     1.5

Total operating expenses

     211,834       276,405       (64,571     (23.4 %) 

Operating income

     183,597       80,847       102,750       127.1

Net loss

     (20,425     (5,876     (14,549     (247.6 %) 

Adjusted Net Income (1)

     100,386       75,315       25,071       33.3

Adjusted EBITDA(1)

     379,932       340,637       39,265       11.5
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. For more information regarding our calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, including information about its limitations as a tool for analysis and a reconciliation of net loss, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data.”

Total Net Revenues

The following table compares our revenues by type for the year ended December 31, 2019 to the year ended December 31, 2018. Results from the Nelson Fairfield acquisition are included in the Nelson Labs segment for

 

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the post-acquisition periods beginning August 7, 2018. The Medical Isotopes business was included in 2018 through the date of its divestiture in July 2018.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Net revenues for the year ended December 31,

   2019      2018      $ Change     % Change  

Service

   $ 673,037      $ 615,510      $ 57,527       9.3

Product

     105,290        130,639        (25,349     (19.4 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total net revenues

   $ 778,327      $ 746,149      $ 32,178       4.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net revenues were $778.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $32.2 million, or 4.3%, as compared with the prior year. Excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, net revenues in the year ended December 31, 2019 increased approximately 5.9% compared with the same period in 2018.

Service revenues

Service revenues increased $57.5 million, or 9.3%, to $673.0 million in 2019 as compared to $615.5 million in 2018. The increase in net service revenues was primarily driven by organic volume growth of $27.9 million and $5.0 million in the Sterigenics and Nelson Labs segments, respectively, $16.5 million and $6.5 million favorable impacts related to pricing in the Sterigenics and Nelson Labs segments, respectively, and an $11.0 million increase from the impact of the Gibraltar Laboratories acquisition. These factors were partially offset by a $14.4 million decrease associated with the closure of the Willowbrook facility.

Product revenues

Product revenues decreased $25.3 million, or 19.4%, to $105.3 million in 2019 as compared to $130.6 million in 2018. The decrease in product revenues was primarily attributable to the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in July 2018, which resulted in a decrease in revenues of $25.4 million.

Total Cost of Revenues

The following table compares our cost of revenues by type for the year ended December 31, 2019 to the year ended December 31, 2018.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Cost of revenues for the year ended December 31,

   2019      2018      $ Change     % Change  

Service

   $ 333,290      $ 326,559      $ 6,731       2.1

Product

     49,606        62,338        (12,732     (20.4 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues

   $ 382,896      $ 388,897      $ (6,001     (1.5 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues accounted for approximately 49.2% and 52.1% of our consolidated net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Cost of service revenues

Cost of service revenues increased $6.7 million, or 2.1%, for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the prior year period. The increase was primarily attributable to increased labor and other variable costs associated with higher sterilization processing and testing volumes referenced above. These increases were partially offset by a $2.2 million reduction in costs as a result of the Willowbrook facility closure.

Cost of product revenues

Cost of product revenues decreased $12.7 million, or 20.4%, for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the prior year period. The decrease was primarily attributable to the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in July 2018.

 

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Operating Expenses

The following table compares our operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 to the year ended December 31, 2018:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Operating expenses for the Year Ended December 31,

   2019      2018      $ Change     % Change  

Selling, general and administrative expenses

   $ 147,480      $ 133,363      $ 14,117       10.6

Amortization of intangible assets

     58,562        57,975        587       1.0

Impairment of long-lived assets

     5,792        34,981        (29,189     (83.4 %) 

Impairment of GA-MURR intangible assets

     —          50,086        (50,086     (100 %) 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   $ 211,834      $ 276,405      $ (64,571     (23.4 %) 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses accounted for approximately 27.2% and 37.0% of our consolidated net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

SG&A

SG&A increased $14.1 million, or 10.6%, for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the prior year period. The increase was driven primarily by the following:

 

   

a $10.0 million increase in share-based compensation expense related to the Class C Performance Vesting Units, which vested in the third quarter of 2019 based on the achievement of the aggregate distributions to the A Unitholder partners and the approval of the Board of Sotera Health Topco Parent, L.P. for accelerated vesting;

 

   

an $8.6 million increase in third party professional fees, including $6.5 million of legal expenses, associated with EO litigation; and

 

   

$2.0 million of costs associated with preparation for an initial public offering.

The increase was partially offset by the following items which were expensed in 2018 but did not recur in 2019:

 

   

a $4.3 million settlement with a vendor in our sterilization services; and

 

   

$2.4 million of contract termination and exits costs related to GA-MURR (as described below).

Asset impairments

In 2019, we recorded long-lived asset impairment expenses due to the exit of our Willowbrook facility citing the unstable legislative and regulatory landscape in Illinois, as well as the expiration of the primary Willowbrook facility lease.

In 2018, we recorded aggregate long-lived asset and intangible asset impairments expense of $35.0 million and $50.1 million, respectively, primarily due to the withdrawal from the GA-MURR project in early April 2018, which resulted in impairment of the associated long-lived assets (approximately $32.7 million) and intangible asset related to our MURR supply agreement (approximately $50.1 million). As a result of a strategic review of the Medical Isotopes business and other factors, we withdrew from the GA-MURR project which was intended to replace our supply of Molybdenum-99 (“Mo-99”) utilized in our former Medical Isotopes business.

Amortization of intangible assets

Amortization of intangible assets was $58.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, or 1.0% above the prior year. The change was insignificant as there were no significant changes to our finite-lived intangible assets.

 

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Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net increased $14.4 million, or 10.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the prior year. The increase was largely due to an increase in the outstanding amount of the Term Loan (due to a $320.0 million incremental borrowing in August 2019), the debt refinancing in December 2019 and an increase in the LIBOR rate in 2019. The weighted average interest rate was 6.08% and 5.92% at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net was $7.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 and $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The fluctuation was primarily driven by changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives in Nordion’s contracts. We recorded an unrealized gain on embedded derivatives of $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to an unrealized loss on embedded derivatives of $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Also, we recognized an additional $0.9 million of income associated with deferred income on a lease for the year ended December 31, 2019 versus the year ended December 31, 2018. The prior year only included approximately a half a year’s income compared to a full year in 2019.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income tax expense decreased $10.6 million, or 35.2%, to $19.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to $30.1 million in the prior year primarily due to the income tax expense recognized on the sale of assets related to the Medical Isotopes business during 2018.

Provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2019 differed from the statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the foreign rate differential, the partial valuation allowance against our excess interest expense carryforward balance, GILTI expense referenced above and non-deductible expenses. Provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2018 differed from the statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the foreign rate differential, GILTI expense referenced above, an increase to our tax liability associated with the TCJA toll charge on unremitted foreign earnings, and the impact of the TCJA tax rate reduction on our deferred tax balances.

Net Loss, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA

Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $20.4 million, as compared to $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Adjusted Net Income was $100.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $75.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, due to the factors described above. Adjusted EBITDA was $379.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $340.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, due to the factors described above. Please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data” for a reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA to their most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.

SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

We currently have three reportable segments: Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates performance and allocates resources within our business based on Segment Income, which excludes certain items which are included in income (loss) before tax as determined in our consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The accounting policies for our reportable segments are the same as those for the consolidated Company.

Our Segments

Sterigenics

Our Sterigenics business provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets using three major technologies: gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation.

 

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Nordion

Our Nordion business is a global provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are the key components to the gamma sterilization process.

As a result of the time required to meet regulatory and logistics requirements for delivery of radioactive products, combined with accommodations made to our customers to minimize disruptions to their operations during the installation of Co-60, Nordion sales patterns can often vary significantly from one quarter to the next. However, timing-related impacts on our sales performance tend to be resolved within several quarters, resulting in more consistent performance over longer periods of time. In addition, sales of production irradiators occur infrequently and tend to be for larger amounts.

Results for our Nordion segment are also impacted by Co-60 supplier mix, harvest schedules and product and service mix.

Nelson Labs

Our Nelson Labs business provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries.

Other

The Other reportable segment consisted of the Medical Isotopes business, a global supplier of medical isotopes for research, healthcare diagnostic and therapeutic uses, prior to its divestiture on July 30, 2018. We finalized the sale of the assets of the Medical Isotopes business for $213.0 million.

For more information regarding our reportable segments please refer to “Business” and the Segment and Geographic Information note to consolidated financial statements elsewhere in this prospectus.

Segment Results for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019

The following tables compare the net revenues and segment income of our reportable segments for the six months ended June 30, 2020 to the same period in the prior year:

 

     Six Months Ended June 30,               
             2020                     2019             $ Change      % Change  

Net Revenues

         

Sterigenics

   $ 237,652     $ 229,945     $ 7,707        3.4

Nordion

     65,766       67,243       (1,477      (2.2 %) 

Nelson Labs

     97,867       92,332       5,535        6.0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Segment Income

         

Sterigenics

   $ 126,121     $ 117,490     $ 8,631        7.3

Nordion

     40,431       37,132       3,299        8.9

Nelson Labs

     39,760       35,417       4,343        12.3
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 
Segment Income margin    2020     2019               

Sterigenics

     53.1     51.1     

Nordion

     61.5     55.2     

Nelson Labs

     40.6     38.4     
  

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

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Net Revenues

Sterigenics net revenues were $237.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, an increase of $7.7 million, or 3.4%, as compared to the same prior year period. The increase reflects favorable impact from pricing of 4.1%, partially offset by a 2.9% headwind associated with the temporary suspension of operations at our Atlanta facility and the permanent closure of the Willowbrook facility. Net revenues were also slightly negatively impacted by reduced demand for medical devices associated with elective procedures, which were deferred due to COVID-19.

Nordion net revenues were $65.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, a decrease of $1.5 million, or 2.2%, as compared to the same prior year period. Net revenues declined 8.1% related to lower sales of medical-use Co-60 driven largely by delivery delays attributed to COVID-19 disruptions, partially offset by a 7.7% increase in sales related to industrial-use Co-60.

Nelson Labs net revenues were $97.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, an increase of $5.5 million, or 6.0%, as compared to the same prior year period, primarily driven by increased demand for testing services related to personal protective equipment used to provide protection against COVID-19.

Segment Income

Sterigenics segment income was $126.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, an increase of $8.6 million, or 7.3%, as compared to the same prior year period. The 2.0% increase in segment margin was a result of favorable pricing referenced above.

Nordion segment income was $40.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, an increase of $3.3 million, or 8.9%, as compared to the same prior year period. The increase in segment income was primarily due to an increase in sales related to industrial-use Co-60 referenced above, coupled with a decrease in costs of medical use Co-60 attributed to COVID-19 disruptions of $3.4 million and favorable mix of Co-60 suppliers of $1.7 million. This was partially offset by the impact from the decline in medical-use Co-60 sales referenced above.

Nelson Labs segment income was $39.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, an increase of $4.3 million, or 12.3%, as compared to the same prior year period, primarily due to the increase in sales relating to personal protective equipment referenced above.

Segment Results for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

The following tables compare segment net revenue and segment income for the year ended December 31, 2019 to the year ended December 31, 2018:

 

     Year Ended December 31,               
             2019                     2018             $ Change      % Change  

Net Revenues

         

Sterigenics

   $ 471,708     $ 435,733     $
35,975
 
     8.3

Nordion

     116,165       118,829       (2,664      (2.2 %) 

Nelson Labs

     190,454       166,217      
24,237
 
     14.6

Other

     —         25,370       (25,370      (100 %) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Segment Income

         

Sterigenics

   $ 244,904     $ 216,490     $ 28,414        13.1

Nordion

     62,196       60,288       1,908        3.2

Nelson Labs

     72,832       58,915       13,917        23.6

Other

     —         4,944       (4,944      (100 %) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 
Segment Income margin    2019     2018               

Sterigenics

     51.9     49.7     

Nordion

     53.5     50.7     

Nelson Labs

     38.2     35.4     

Other

     —         19.5     
  

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

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Net Revenues

Sterigenics net revenues were $471.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $36.0 million, or 8.3%, as compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by favorable impacts from organic volume growth and pricing of 6.4% and 3.8%, respectively. This was partially offset by a 3.3% headwind associated with the closure of the Willowbrook facility.

Nordion net revenues were $116.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of $2.7 million, or 2.2%, as compared to the prior year. The decrease reflects a 3.8% impact from lower volumes of industrial use Co-60 and a 1.6% impact from the weakening of the Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar in 2019 as compared to the prior year, partially offset by a 3.7% impact from favorable pricing.

Nelson Labs net revenues were $190.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $24.2 million, or 14.6%, as compared to the prior year. The increase is primarily attributable to a 6.6% impact from the acquisition of Gibraltar Laboratories, coupled with favorable pricing and growth in organic volumes of 3.9% and 3.0%, respectively.

We divested the Medical Isotopes business in July 2018 and as a result, no sales were recorded for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to net revenues of $25.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Segment Income

Sterigenics segment income was $244.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $28.4 million, or 13.1%, as compared to the prior year. The 2.2% increase in segment margin was driven by improved operating leverage as facilities operate at higher levels of utilization due to organic volume growth referenced above as well as the favorable pricing referenced above.

Nordion segment income was $62.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $1.9 million, or 3.2%, as compared to the prior year. The increase in segment income was driven by the favorable pricing impact referenced above.

Nelson Labs segment income was $72.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $13.9 million, or 23.6%, as compared to the prior year. The increase in segment income was driven by the acquisition of Gibraltar Laboratories, coupled with favorable pricing and improved operating leverage due to an increase in organic volume as referenced above.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The primary sources of liquidity for our business are cash flows from operations and borrowings under our credit facilities. We expect that our primary liquidity requirements will be to service our debt, to invest in fixed assets to build and/or expand existing facilities, to fund selective business acquisitions, make capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes.

As of June 30, 2020, we had $86.4 million of cash and cash equivalents, of which $0.2 million was restricted cash. This is an increase of $23.3 million from the balance at December 31, 2019. Our foreign subsidiaries held cash of approximately $63.2 million at June 30, 2020 and $43.4 million at December 31, 2019, to meet their liquidity needs. No material restrictions exist to accessing cash held by our foreign subsidiaries.

Our capital expenditure program is a component of our long-term strategy. This program includes, among other things, investments in new and existing facilities, business expansion projects, Co-60 used by Sterigenics at its gamma irradiation facilities and information technology enhancements. During 2019, our capital expenditures amounted to $57.3 million, compared to $72.6 million in 2018. In 2021, we expect to continue to invest in our supply relationships including Co-60 development projects, facility expansions and in ongoing maintenance for existing facilities, including enhancements to our emissions controls in anticipation of changes to environmental requirements. We may choose to temporarily defer planned capital expenditures due to fluctuations in demand for our products and services resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and the needs of our customers.

 

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We expect that cash on hand, operating cash flows and amounts available under our credit facilities will provide sufficient working capital to operate our business, make expected capital expenditures, meet litigation costs and meet foreseeable liquidity requirements, including debt service on our long-term debt, for at least the next twelve months. We expect to use cash provided by operations in excess of amounts needed for capital expenditures and required debt repayments to reduce our debt or to fund potential acquisitions, or for other general corporate purposes. Our ability to meet future working capital, capital expenditures and debt service requirements will depend on our future financial performance, which will be affected by a range of macroeconomic, competitive and business factors, particularly interest rates and changes in our industry, many of which are outside of our control.

Cash Flow Information

Six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to six months ended June 30, 2019

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Six Months Ended June 30,

   2020      2019  

Net Cash Provided by (Used in):

     

Operating activities

   $ 52,687      $ 78,033  

Investing activities

     (23,438      (24,868

Financing activities

     (6,518      (17,449

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     601        4,865  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, during the period

   $ 23,332      $ 40,581  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating activities

Cash flows provided by operating activities decreased $25.3 million to net cash provided of $52.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to $78.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, primarily driven by higher interest expense in 2020, due to a higher weighted average interest rate and a larger balance of debt outstanding.

Investing activities

Historically, our principal uses of cash for investing activities were related to acquisitions of property, plant and equipment, including Co-60 purchases, and business acquisitions. These investments support our growth activities, including capacity expansions and expenditures that extend the life or productivity of existing assets.

For the six months ended June 30, 2020 cash used by investing activities decreased $1.5 million to $23.4 million compared to $24.9 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019. The decrease is attributable to reductions in expenditures of property, plant and equipment for the period.

Financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $6.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 as compared to $17.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019. Our principal use of cash for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was principal payments on debt. In March 2020, we borrowed $50.0 million on our revolving credit facility to increase the near-term cash balance in response to concerns regarding the COVID-19 impact to the financial markets; the $50.0 million was repaid in June 2020. The primary use of cash in the six months ended June 30, 2019 was principal payments on debt.

 

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Year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the year ended December 31, 2018

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year Ended December 31,

   2019      2018  

Net Cash Provided by (Used in):

     

Operating activities

   $ 149,041      $ 119,563  

Investing activities

     (57,257      96,638  

Financing activities

     (126,030      (191,857

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     485        (3,676
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, during the period

   $ (33,761    $ 20,668  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating activities

Cash flows provided by operating activities increased $29.4 million to net cash provided of $149.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to $119.6 million for the prior year. The higher net loss in 2019 was impacted by a non-operating loss on extinguishment of debt of $30.2 million, lower deferred income taxes of $26.3 million and a non-cash impairment of long-lived assets of $5.8 million. This compares to non-cash impairments of $85.1 million in 2018 that were more than offset by a gain on the sale of the Medical Isotopes business of $95.9 million. This was partially offset by a $12.4 million decrease in net cash from operating assets and liabilities, resulting in a cash outflow of $8.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to $4.0 million of cash inflows in the prior year. The remainder of the variance is due to a $10.1 million decrease in unrealized foreign exchange losses.

Investing activities

For the year ended December 31, 2019 cash used by investing activities was $57.3 million attributable to purchases of property, plant and equipment, compared to cash provided by investing activities of $96.6 million in the prior year. Cash from investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 was a direct result of proceeds from the sale of the Medical Isotopes business of $213.0 million, partially offset by the acquisition of Nelson Fairfield of $50.6 million and capital expenditures of $72.6 million.

Financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $126.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to $191.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Our principal uses of cash for financing activities in 2019 were $2,561.1 million in payments on debt primarily in conjunction with the December 2019 refinancing as well as dividends and distributions to our sole stockholder of $691.2 million. This was partially offset by proceeds from borrowings totaling $3,144.6 million.

Debt Facilities

Senior Secured Credit Facilities

On December 13, 2019, SHH entered into new senior secured first lien credit facilities (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”) and settled our previously outstanding term loan and senior notes. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities consist of both a senior secured first lien term loan (the “Term Loan”) and a senior secured first lien revolving credit facility (“the Revolving Credit Facility”) that provides for senior secured commitments in the amount of $190.0 million. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also provide SHH the right at any time and under certain conditions to request incremental term loans or incremental revolving credit commitments based on a formula defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

 

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As of June 30, 2020, total borrowings under the Term Loan were $2,114.7 million. The Term Loan may bear interest at LIBOR or an alternate base rate (“ABR”) subject to a 1.00% floor plus an incremental margin of 4.50% in the case of LIBOR loans and 3.50% in the case of ABR loans.

The Term Loan is paid in equal quarterly installments in aggregate annual amounts equal to 1.00% of the original Term Loan principal amount, while the remaining balance matures on December 13, 2026. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the Term Loan at June 30, 2020 was 5.50%.

Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin, plus, at our option, either (a) an ABR or (b) LIBOR. The applicable margin under the Revolving Credit Facility may be reduced by reference to a leverage-based pricing grid with step-downs of 0.25% at a specified senior secured first lien net leverage ratio. In addition to paying interest on any outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, SHH is required to pay a commitment fee to the lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility in respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder and customary letter of credit fees. The Revolving Credit Facility contains a maximum senior secured first lien net leverage ratio covenant of 9.00 to 1.00, tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter if, on the last day of such fiscal quarter, the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of the revolving loans then outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, plus (ii) the aggregate amount of letter of credit disbursements that have not been reimbursed within 2 business days following the end of the fiscal quarter, exceeds the greater of $76.0 million and 40.0% of the aggregate principal amount of the revolving commitments then in effect. Although this covenant did not apply as the conditions were not met, as of June 30, 2020 the first lien net leverage ratio, as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility, was approximately 5.10 to 1.00.

As of June 30, 2020, there were no borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. We borrowed $50.0 million on the revolver during the first quarter of 2020 which was repaid in the second quarter of 2020. The interest rate on the borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility averaged approximately 5.0%.

Outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by encumbrances against the Revolving Credit Facility and the collateral pledged thereunder, or by cash placed on deposit with the issuing bank. As of June 30, 2020, the company had $62.1 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility of $127.9 million. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain additional covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to engage in certain activities, such as incur indebtedness or permit to exist any lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, as specified in the debt facility. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control. As of June 30, 2020, we were in compliance with all the Senior Secured Credit Facilities covenants.

All of SHH’s obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are unconditionally guaranteed by the company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and the guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, capitalized debt issuance costs totaled $4.5 million and $4.7 million, respectively, and debt discounts totaled $40.8 million and $44.0 million, respectively, related to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Such costs are recorded as a reduction of debt on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.

In June 2020, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements with notional amounts of $1,000.0 million and $500.0 million, respectively, for a total option premium of $0.3 million. These terminate on August 31, 2021

 

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and February 28, 2022, respectively. The interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to the LIBOR base rate under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 1.0%. In October 2017, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements with a total notional amount of $400.0 million for a total premium of $0.6 million. The interest rate caps limit the company’s cash flow exposure related to the LIBOR base rate under the variable rate Term Loan borrowings to 3.0%. The interest rate cap agreements terminate on September 30, 2020. The interest rate caps were not designated as hedges and are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets, with any changes in the value being recorded in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). See the Financial Instruments and Financial Risk note to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a summary of the activity of the interest rate caps for the periods presented.

During the third quarter of 2019, we entered into two interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to interest rate movements and to manage interest expense related to our outstanding variable rate debt. These swaps were designated as hedges against the changes in cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged, and any changes in the fair value of the swap are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). We receive interest at one-month LIBOR and pay a fixed interest rate under the terms of the swap agreement. The termination date of the swap agreements was August 31, 2020. The notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements totals $1,000.0 million. See the Financial Instruments and Financial Risk note to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a summary of the activity of the interest rate swaps for the periods presented.

Second Lien Notes

On December 13, 2019, SHH issued $770.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior secured second lien notes due 2027 (the “Second Lien Notes”). The Second Lien Notes bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR, subject to a 1.00% floor, plus 8.00% per annum. The weighted average interest rate on the Second Lien Notes at June 30, 2020 was 9.00%.

SHH is entitled to redeem all or a portion of the Second Lien Notes, at any time and from time to time, subject to certain premiums depending on the date of redemption: any time prior to December 13, 2020, a customary make-whole premium applies and, thereafter, specified premiums that decline to zero apply (in each case as described in the indenture governing the Second Lien Notes). In addition, under certain circumstances, such as an initial public offering or certain changes of control, SHH has certain additional redemption rights (as described in the indenture governing the Second Lien Notes).

All of SHH’s obligations under the Second Lien Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by the company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Second Lien Notes, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and the guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Second Lien Notes. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the First Lien Notes, and any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities or the First Lien Notes shall have priority over any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the Second Lien Notes.

At June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019 capitalized debt issuance costs were $1.7 million and $1.8 million, and debt discounts were $21.7 million and $23.2 million, respectively, related to the Second Lien Notes. These are recorded as a reduction of debt on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized into interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.

 

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First Lien Notes

As described above, on July 31, 2020, we acquired Iotron for $145.0 million Canadian dollars (“CAD”) (approximately $108.1 million USD). We financed this acquisition by SHH issuing $100.0 million of senior secured first lien notes due 2026 (the “First Lien Notes”). The First Lien Notes bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR, subject to a 1.00% floor, plus 6.00% per annum. Interest is payable on a quarterly basis with no principal due until maturity.

SHH is entitled to redeem all or a portion of the First Lien Notes, at any time and from time to time, subject to certain premiums depending on the date of redemption: any time prior to July 31, 2021, a customary make-whole premium applies and, thereafter, specified premiums that decline to zero apply (in each case as described in the indenture governing the First Lien Notes).

All of SHH’s obligations under the First Lien Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by the company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the First Lien Notes, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the First Lien Notes. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and Second Lien Notes, and any security interest in or lien on shared collateral securing the First Lien Notes shall have equal priority with any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

2019 Refinancing

In conjunction with the December 2019 refinancing, the company redeemed, in full, the previously outstanding $1,659.0 million aggregate Term Loan due 2022, its $450.0 million Senior Notes due 2023 (“Senior Notes”) and $425.0 million Senior PIK (“paid in kind”) Toggle Notes due 2021. In total, we accelerated the amortization of $13.4 million of debt issuance and discount costs and recognized $14.6 million representing premiums paid in connection with the early extinguishment of the Senior Notes. In connection with the refinancing, we also recognized an additional $2.1 million of expense related to debt issuance and discount costs. We recognized these costs within the loss on extinguishment of debt in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Any additional proceeds were used to fund a dividend to our sole stockholder of $275.0 million.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS

The following table describes our significant contractual cash obligations as of December 31, 2019:

 

     Payments due by period  

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Total      Less than
1 Year
     2-3 Years      4-5 Years      More than 5
Years
 

Long-term debt(a)

   $ 4,387,911      $ 235,566      $ 444,397      $ 446,296      $ 3,261,652  

Lease obligations:

              

Capital(b)

     31,172        1,288        2,204        2,506        25,174  

Operating(c)

     60,173        11,782        19,435        10,698        18,258  

Supply and service obligations(d)

     1,619,045        38,983        64,657        70,616        1,444,789  

Direct material costs(e)

     28,185        13,144        13,651        1,139        251  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 6,126,486      $ 300,763      $ 544,344      $ 531,255      $ 4,750,124  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(a)

Represents principal and interest payments on the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and Second Lien Notes. We have calculated the interest payments on the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and Second Lien Notes at

 

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  an average of 6.1% (the LIBOR floor plus 4.5%) and 9.7% (the LIBOR floor plus 8.00%), respectively. Subsequent to December 31, 2019, SHH issued $100.0 million of First Lien Notes, which are not reflected in the table above.
(b)

Consists of payments, net of interest, under our capital leases for various equipment and facilities.

(c)

Represents minimum lease payments under our operating leases for several of our facilities and other property and equipment, net of sublease payments. We elected to early adopt ASU 2016-02 Leases as of January 1, 2020, resulting in the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $47.4 million and $48.9 million, respectively on our consolidated balance sheet.

(d)

Consists of our best estimate of our obligations under various supply and service agreements, primarily Co-60, that are enforceable and legally binding on us.

(e)

Consists of our best estimate of our obligations to purchase EO gas under commitments that are enforceable and legally binding on us. We have excluded contracts to purchase energy and other supplies, which generally have terms of one year or less. Our contract to purchase EO gas in the U.S. requires us to purchase all our requirements from our supplier, and our contracts to purchase EO gas outside the U.S. generally require that we purchase a specified percentage of our requirements for our operations in the countries covered by those contracts. Although our EO gas contracts generally do not contain fixed minimum purchase volumes, we have calculated the amounts set forth in the table above based on the percentage of our requirements specified in the contracts and our budgeted purchase volumes for those periods.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which are established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on the financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity or capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors other than operating leases.

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $92.9 million and $90.5 million, respectively, of standby letters of credit, surety bonds and other bank guarantees outstanding, primarily in favor of local and state licensing authorities for future decommissioning costs, and to support the unfunded portion of our pension obligation. We are obligated to provide financial assurance to local and state licensing authorities for possible future decommissioning costs associated with the various facilities that hold Co-60. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, $49.3 million and $47.8 million, respectively, of the standby letters of credit and surety bonds referenced above were outstanding in favor of the various local and state licensing authorities in the event we defaulted on our decommissioning obligation.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risks, primarily from changes in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange, in the ordinary course of business.

Commodity Price Risk

We purchase our supply of EO gas from various suppliers around the world, but in the United States there is a sole supplier for EO gas used for applications relevant to our business. We are exposed to market risk based on fluctuations in the price of EO gas.

We actively seek to manage the risk of fluctuating prices through long-term supply and service contracts. Most of our Sterigenics customer contracts contain provisions that permit us to pass all or a portion of our supply price increases to our customers, though some of our contracts do not contain these provisions. Even for contracts that do contain these provisions, there could be at least a brief lag between when we incur increased

 

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costs for supplies and when we can pass through these costs to our customers. In addition, even when we are contractually permitted to pass on price increases, we may decide not to do so to preserve our sales volumes.

Regulatory Risk

We are subject to extensive regulatory requirements and routine regulatory audits, and we must receive permits, licenses, and/or regulatory clearance or approval for our operations. Regulatory agencies may refuse to grant approval or clearance or may require the provision of additional data, and regulatory processes may be time consuming and costly, and their outcome may be uncertain in certain of the countries in which we operate. Regulatory agencies may also change policies, adopt additional regulations or revise existing regulations, each of which could impact our ability to provide our services. Our failure to comply with the regulatory requirements of these agencies may subject us to administratively or judicially imposed sanctions. These sanctions include, among others, warning letters, fines, civil penalties, criminal penalties, injunctions, debarment, product seizure or detention and total or partial suspension of operations. The failure to receive or maintain, or delays in the receipt of, relevant U.S. or international regulatory qualifications could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Interest Rate Risk

We are subject to interest rate risk on borrowings under our $190.0 million Revolving Credit Facility and $2,120.0 million Term Loan and $770.0 million Second Lien Notes, as the borrowings bear interest at floating rates. In October 2017, the company entered into two interest rate cap agreements with a total notional amount of $400.0 million for a total option premium of $0.6 million. The interest rate cap agreements terminate on September 30, 2020.

In June 2020, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements with notional amounts of $1,000.0 million and $500.0 million, respectively, for a total option premium of $0.3 million. These terminate on August 31, 2021 and February 28, 2022, respectively. The interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to the LIBOR base rate under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 1.0%. During the third quarter of 2019, we entered into two interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to interest rate movements and to manage interest expense related to our outstanding variable-rate debt. These swaps were designated as hedges against the changes in cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged. We receive interest at one-month LIBOR and pay a fixed interest rate under the terms of the swap agreement. The notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements totals $1,000.0 million and the termination date was August 31, 2020. A 1.0% increase in the interest rate under our outstanding obligations as of December 31, 2019, of $2,890 million, would increase interest expense by approximately $18.9 million per year.

Foreign Currency Risk

We are exposed to market risk from fluctuations in foreign currencies. We present our consolidated financial statements in U.S. dollars. Consequently, increases or decreases in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the non-U.S. dollar functional currencies of the countries in which we operate may affect the value of these in our consolidated financial statements, even if their value has not changed in their local currency. We translate the financial statements of subsidiaries whose local currency is their functional currency to their U.S. dollar equivalents at end-of-period exchange rates for assets and liabilities and at average exchange rates for revenues and expenses. These translations could significantly affect the comparability of our results between financial periods and/or result in significant changes to the carrying value of our assets and liabilities. Translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within equity.

Our results of operations are impacted by currency exchange rate fluctuations to the extent that we are unable to match net revenues received in foreign currencies with expenses incurred in the same currency. Transaction gains and losses arising from fluctuations in currency exchange rates on transactions denominated in

 

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currencies other than the functional currency are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as foreign exchange (gain) loss.

Approximately 40.5% of our revenues and 43.1% of our consolidated total assets as of June 30, 2020 are derived from operations outside the United States. Holding other variables constant (such as interest rates and debt levels), if the U.S. dollar had appreciated by 10% against the foreign currencies used by our operations in the combined six months ended June 30, 2020, revenues would have been reduced by approximately $16.3 million and gross profit by approximately $7.9 million.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The following subsections describe our most critical accounting policies, estimates, and assumptions. Our discussion of critical accounting policies and estimates is intended to supplement, not duplicate, our summary of significant accounting policies so that readers will have greater insight into the uncertainties involved in these areas. Our accounting policies are more fully described in the Significant Accounting Policies note to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions at a specific point in time and in certain circumstances that affect amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management has made its best estimates and judgments of certain amounts, giving due consideration to materiality. The application of accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.

Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. As an emerging growth company, we have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies or at which time we conclude it is appropriate to avail ourselves of early adoption provisions of applicable standards. As a result, our results of operations and financial statements may not be comparable to the results of operations and financial statements of other companies who have adopted the new or revised accounting standards.

Revenue Recognition. The majority of our sales agreements contain performance obligations satisfied at a point in time when control of promised goods or services have transferred to our customers. For agreements with multiple performance obligations, judgment is required to determine whether performance obligations specified in these agreements are distinct and should be accounted for as separate revenue transactions for recognition purposes. In these types of agreements, we generally allocate sales price to each distinct obligation based on the relative price of each item sold in stand-alone transactions. Revenues recognized over time are generally accounted for using an input measure to determine progress completed as of the end of the period.

Refunds, returns, warranties and other related obligations are not material to any of our business units, nor do we incur material incremental costs to secure customer contracts.

The Sterigenics segment provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets. We typically have multi-year service contracts with our significant customers, and these sales contracts are primarily based on a customer’s purchase order. Given the relatively short turnaround times, performance obligations are generally satisfied at a point-in-time upon the completion of sterilization or irradiation processing once approved by our quality assurance process at which time the service is complete.

The Nordion segment is a provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are key components to the gamma sterilization process. Revenue from the sale of Co-60 radiation sources is recognized at a point-in-time upon satisfaction of our performance obligations for delivery/installation and disposal of existing sources.

 

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Revenue from the production of equipment in our Nordion segment is recognized over time using an input measure of costs incurred and is immaterial to the overall business.

The Nelson Labs segment provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. We provide our customers mission-critical lab testing services, which assess the product quality, effectiveness, patient safety and end-to-end sterility of products. These services are necessary for our customers’ regulatory approvals, product releases and ongoing product performance evaluations. Nelson Labs services are generally provided on a fee-for-service or project basis, and we recognize revenues over time using an input measure of time incurred to determine progress completed at the end of the period.

We do not capitalize sales commissions as substantially all of our sales commission programs have an amortization period of one year or less. Furthermore, costs to fulfill a contract are not material.

Provisions for discounts, rebates to customers, and other adjustments are provided for as reductions in net revenues in the period the related sale was recorded. Shipping and handling charges billed to customers are included in net revenues, and the related shipping and handling costs are included in cost of net revenues on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by us from a customer, are excluded from net revenue.

Payment terms vary by the type and location of the customer and the products or services offered. Generally, the time between when revenue is recognized and when payment is due is not significant. We do not evaluate whether the selling price contains a financing component for contracts that have a duration of less than one year.

Long-Lived Assets Other than Goodwill. We review long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangibles for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may be impaired. Events or circumstances which would result in an impairment assessment include operating losses, a significant change in the use of an asset, or the planned disposal or sale of the asset. When we evaluate assets for impairment, we make certain judgments and estimates, including interpreting current economic indicators and market valuations, evaluating our strategic plans with regards to operations, historical and anticipated performance of operations, and other factors. If we incorrectly anticipate these factors, or unexpected events occur, our operating results could be materially affected. The asset or asset group would be considered impaired when the future net undiscounted cash flows generated by the asset or asset group are less than its carrying value. An impairment loss would be recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value of the asset or asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. We provide additional information about our long-lived assets other than goodwill in notes titled Property, Plant and Equipment and Capital Leases and Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets of our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangibles. Assets and liabilities of the business acquired are accounted for at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. We generally supplement management expertise with valuation specialists in performing appraisals to assist us in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. These valuations require us to make estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. We generally amortize our intangible assets over their useful lives with the exception of indefinite lived intangible assets. We do not amortize goodwill, but we evaluate it annually for impairment. Therefore, the allocation of the purchase price to intangible assets and goodwill has a significant impact on future operating results.

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, primarily certain regulatory licenses and tradenames, are tested for impairment annually as of October 1. If circumstances change during interim periods between

 

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annual tests that would indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable, the company would test such assets at an interim date for impairment. Factors which would necessitate an interim impairment assessment include prolonged negative industry or economic trends and significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results.

We performed a quantitative assessment of all reporting units (Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs) as of October 1, 2019. The fair value of each reporting unit was calculated using a discounted cash flow analysis which was dependent on subjective market participant assumptions determined by management. Assumptions used in the analyses included discount rates and projected operating cash flows. Estimates of future cash flows are based upon relevant data at a point-in-time, are subject to change, and could vary from actual results. The estimated fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying amount (including goodwill) by a minimum of 60% as of October 1, 2019. No factors were identified that would result in the potential impairment to the indefinite-lived intangible assets. In addition, there have been no significant events or circumstances that occurred since the annual assessment date of October 1 that would change the conclusions reached above. We provide additional information about our goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets in the Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets note to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Asset Retirement Obligations (“ARO”). ARO are legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets or the exit of a leased facility. We lease various facilities where sterilization and ionization services are performed. Under the lease agreements, we are required to return the facilities to their original condition and to perform decommissioning activities. In addition, certain of our owned facilities are required to be decommissioned when we vacate the facility. The decommissioning costs are paid in the period the expenditure is incurred. We recognize an initial liability for ARO’s at fair value, and the associated asset retirement costs are then capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. Accounting for the ARO at inception and in subsequent periods includes the determination of the present value of the ARO liability and offsetting long-lived asset, the subsequent accretion of the ARO liability and depletion of the long-lived asset, and a periodic review of the ARO liability estimates and associated discount rates used in the analysis. We provide additional information about our ARO in the Asset Retirement Obligations (“ARO”) note to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Income Taxes. We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes whereby we recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. We periodically review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and establish a valuation allowance based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, expected timing of reversals of existing temporary timing differences and the implementation tax planning strategies. Deferred tax assets will be reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on management’s estimate, it is more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized in a future period. The estimates used in the recognition of deferred tax assets are subject to revision in future periods based on new facts and circumstances. If we are unable to generate sufficient future taxable income in certain tax jurisdictions, or if there is a material change in the effective income tax rates or time period within which the underlying temporary differences become taxable or deductible, we could be required to increase our valuation allowance, which would increase our effective income tax rate and could result in an adverse impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

We determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more likely-than-not recognition threshold, we presume that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority and that the taxing authority will have full knowledge of all relevant information. A tax position that meets the more likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Determining what constitutes an individual tax position and whether the more likely-than-not recognition threshold is met for a tax position are matters of judgment based on the individual facts and

 

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circumstances of that position evaluated in light of all available evidence. We review and adjust tax estimates periodically because of ongoing examinations by, and settlements with, the various taxing authorities, as well as changes in tax laws, regulations, and precedent.

We are subject to taxation from federal, state and local, and foreign jurisdictions. Tax positions are settled primarily through the completion of audits within each individual tax jurisdiction or the closing of a statute of limitation. Changes in applicable tax law or other events may also require us to revise past estimates. The United States Internal Revenue Service routinely conducts audits of our federal income tax returns. Additional information regarding income taxes is included in the Income Taxes note to consolidated financial statements.

Commitments and Contingencies. We are, and will likely continue to be, involved in a number of legal proceedings, government investigations and claims, which we believe generally arise in the course of our business, given our size, history, complexity and the nature of our business, products, customers, regulatory environment and industries in which we participate. These legal proceedings, investigations and claims generally involve a variety of legal theories and allegations, including, without limitation, personal injury (e.g., slip and falls, burns, vehicle accidents), regulation (e.g., failure to meet specification or failure to comply with regulatory requirements), commercial claims (e.g., breach of contract, economic loss, misrepresentation), financial (e.g., taxes, reporting), employment (e.g., wrongful termination, discrimination, benefits matters) and other claims for damage and relief.

We record a liability for such contingencies to the extent we conclude that their occurrence is both probable and estimable. We consider many factors in making these assessments, including the professional judgment of experienced members of management and our legal counsel. We have made estimates as to the likelihood of unfavorable outcomes and the amounts of such potential losses. In our opinion, the ultimate outcome of these proceedings and claims is not anticipated to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. However, the ultimate outcome of proceedings, government investigations and claims is unpredictable and actual results could be materially different from our estimates. We record gain contingencies when realized, and expected recoveries under applicable insurance contracts when we are assured of recovery. Refer to the Commitments and Contingencies note of our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for additional information.

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

For a description of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to our business, see the Recent Accounting Standards note to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

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BUSINESS

Overview

 

LOGO

We are a leading global provider of mission-critical sterilization and lab testing and advisory services to the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. We are driven by our mission: Safeguarding Global Health®. We provide end-to-end sterilization as well as microbiological and analytical lab testing and advisory services to help ensure that medical, pharmaceutical and food products are safe for healthcare practitioners, patients and consumers in the United States and around the world. Our customers include more than 40 of the top 50 medical device companies and eight of the top ten global pharmaceutical companies (based on revenue). Our services are an essential aspect of our customers’ manufacturing process and supply chains, helping to ensure sterilized medical products reach healthcare practitioners and patients. Most of these services are necessary for our customers to satisfy applicable government requirements. We give our customers confidence that their products meet regulatory, safety and effectiveness requirements. With a combined tenure across our businesses of nearly 200 years and our industry-recognized scientific and technological expertise, we help to ensure the safety of millions of patients and healthcare practitioners around the world every year. Across our 63 facilities worldwide, we have nearly 2,900 employees who are dedicated to safety and quality. We are a trusted partner to more than 5,800 customers in over 50 countries.

Our Businesses

We serve our customers throughout their product lifecycles, from product design to manufacturing and delivery, helping to ensure the sterility, effectiveness and safety of their products for the end user. We operate across two core businesses: sterilization services and lab services. Each of our businesses has a long-standing

 

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record and is a leader in its respective market, supported and connected by our core capabilities including deep end market, regulatory, technical and logistics expertise. The combination of Sterigenics, our terminal sterilization business, and Nordion, our Co-60 supply business, makes us the only vertically integrated global gamma sterilization provider in the sterilization industry. This provides us with additional insights and allows us to better serve our customers.

 

   

Sterilization Services (our Sterigenics and Nordion brands):

 

   

Under our Sterigenics brand, we provide outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets. Terminal sterilization is the process of sterilizing a product in its final packaging. It is an essential, and often government-mandated, step in the manufacturing process of healthcare products before they are shipped to end-users. These products include medical protective barriers, including PPE, procedure kits and trays, implants, syringes, catheters, wound care products, laboratory products and pharmaceuticals. We offer our customers a complete range of outsourced terminal sterilization services, primarily using the three major sterilization technologies: gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation.

 

   

Gamma irradiation: A process in which products are exposed to gamma rays emitted by Co-60. Gamma rays can penetrate even dense materials to kill microbes. Gamma is particularly effective at sterilizing high-density medical products such as sutures, surgical tools and stents.

 

   

EO processing: A gas sterilization process in which pallets of packaged goods are loaded into a secure chamber that is then injected with EO gas to penetrate the packaging. EO is the most widely used gaseous sterilization agent in the world and has been in use for nearly 90 years. The broad application to a range of medical devices is attributed to the fact that EO is compatible with many materials that cannot tolerate or are degraded by radiation or moist heat sterilization. For this reason, it is commonly the only method available to safely and effectively sterilize procedure kits, PPE and many devices used in cardiac procedures.

 

   

E-beam irradiation: A process in which products are exposed to machine-generated radiation in the form of a stream of electrons. E-beam is particularly effective for low density homogenous products such as glass labware. Several medical devices products also rely on E-beam as an effective form of sterilization, including certain types of syringes. In addition to medical device sterilization, E-beam can also be used as an effective technology for materials modification, such as the crosslinking of certain polymers or for enriching the color of gemstones.

 

   

Under our Nordion brand, we are the leading global provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are key components to the gamma sterilization process. Co-60 is a radioactive isotope that is needed by medical device manufacturers and sterilizers including Sterigenics. Co-60 decays and must be replaced over time to produce the desired level of irradiation. We have the most comprehensive access to nuclear power reactor operators around the world which are able to produce Co-60. The capabilities that we provide to Nordion’s customers include handling and processing of Co-60, recycling of depleted sources and global logistics enabled by our licensed container fleet. We are integral to our customers’ operations due to highly coordinated and complex installation processes. In addition, under our Nordion brand, we are a leading supplier of Co-60 sources for stereotactic radiosurgery devices (such as the Gamma Knife®), which are used for certain oncology applications.

 

   

Lab Services (our Nelson Labs brand):

 

   

Under our Nelson Labs brand, we are a global leader in outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. We provide our customers mission-critical lab testing services, which assess the product quality, effectiveness, patient safety and end-to-end sterility of products. These services are necessary for our customers’ regulatory approvals, product releases and ongoing product performance evaluations.

 

   

Microbiology testing services help to identify and measure the potential risks of microbes to a product and ensure that the quality of the products is maintained.

 

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Analytical chemistry lab testing is also a critical part of the pharmaceutical drug and medical device development and manufacturing process. This testing provides first-hand information as to the content, quality and safety of raw materials, intermediates and finished products.

 

   

We also provide expert advisory services to aid customers in navigating the regulatory requirements applicable throughout the product lifecycle.

Nelson Labs serves over 3,800 customers across 13 facilities in the United States, Mexico, Asia and Europe. We have a comprehensive array of over 800 laboratory tests supporting our customers from initial product development and sterilization validation, through regulatory approval and ongoing product testing for sterility, safety and quality assurance. Our customers rely on our expertise in their industries to get their medical device and pharmaceutical products to market.

 

   

Medical device lab testing services include: microbiology, biocompatibility and toxicology assessments, material characterization, sterilization validation, sterility assurance, packaging validation and distribution simulation, reprocessing validations, facility and process validation and performance validation and verification of PPE barriers and material.

 

   

Pharmaceutical lab testing services include: microbiology, biocompatibility and toxicology assessments, extractables and leachables evaluations of pharmaceutical containers, sterilization validation, sterility assurance, packaging validation and distribution simulation and facility and process validation.

Nelson Labs is highly complementary to our sterilization services business. In particular, microbiological testing validates the configuration and effectiveness of the sterilization process.

We believe that our sterilization service offerings, our Co-60 supply capabilities and the broad capabilities of our lab services business give us unique insights and technical expertise to serve the mission-critical needs of medical device and pharmaceutical manufacturers. We believe these provide us with a competitive advantage over other outsourced sterilization and lab testing service providers.

Our Markets and Customers

Medical device and pharmaceutical manufacturers often outsource their sterilization and lab services needs, as the technical and regulatory expertise and infrastructure required to establish those capabilities in-house can result in significant cost and resource burden.

We estimate that the total global addressable market for terminal sterilization and outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing was approximately $33 billion in 2019. Global terminal sterilization accounted for $3 billion of our estimated total addressable market in 2019. Global outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing services accounted for approximately $29 billion of our estimated total addressable market in 2019, with approximately $3 billion attributable to medical devices and approximately $26 billion attributable to pharmaceuticals. We believe the following secular trends underpin increasing demand for medical devices and pharmaceuticals: an aging population, increased access to, and demand for, healthcare services globally, growth in healthcare R&D spending and innovation, intensifying regulatory requirements and heightened focus on personal safety. As a service provider to manufacturers, we are not directly exposed to risks associated with reimbursement by public or private payors. We expect that increasing utilization of medical devices, including the equipment and consumables that we sterilize and test, expansion in pharmaceutical development and a growing focus on microbial decontamination (including viruses) will continue to drive growth in our business and provide us the opportunity to expand within our markets.

Our customers depend upon the end-to-end services we provide throughout the lifecycle of their products, from research and development, to product manufacturing and sterilization, as well as ongoing quality control. We often maintain long-term relationships with our customers, which average over a decade across our top 25 customers in 2019. We also benefit from minimal customer concentration, as no single customer accounted for more than 4% of our total revenues in 2019. Given the critical nature of our services, a significant portion of our

 

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revenues is supported by multi-year contracts. More than 90% of our sterilization services revenues in each of the year ended December 31, 2019 and the six months ended June 30, 2020 were from customers under multi-year contracts. The quality of our service offerings is evidenced by close to 100% renewal rates of our top ten sterilization services customers in 2019 over the past five years. Most of our services are government-mandated and mission-critical, and sterilization services generally represent a small fraction of the total end product cost of medical devices.

Our Network and Expertise

All of the services we provide are highly regulated and require significant technical expertise. To manage these strict regulatory requirements safely and effectively, we have a highly trained and skilled workforce that creates, implements and manages complex quality assurance and environmental health and safety programs, procedures and control systems. We coordinate and communicate with numerous regulatory agencies globally across our businesses on an ongoing and regular basis.

With 63 facilities across our businesses located in 13 countries, our network of global facilities represents a significant competitive advantage in serving the healthcare industry. Our sterilization facilities are often strategically located near our healthcare customers’ manufacturing sites or distribution hubs, which is intended to decrease our customers’ transportation costs and help them optimize their supply chain and logistics. Our laboratory testing facilities are strategically located in order to meet the demanding and often complex needs of our customers. Extensive capital, technical expertise and regulatory knowledge are required to build, maintain and operate facilities like ours. We estimate that one new sterilization facility can cost over $30 million to build, on average, and require extensive and complex licensing approval and regulatory compliance processes. We estimate that the cost to replace the facilities in our network alone could be as high as $1.5 billion or more, in addition to the technical and regulatory requirements.

For the year ended December 31, 2019, we recorded net revenues of $778.3 million, net loss of $20.4 million, Adjusted Net Income of $100.4 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $379.9 million. In addition, for the six months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded net revenues of $401.3 million, net income of $5.3 million, Adjusted Net Income of $55.2 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $206.3 million. For the definition of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA and the reconciliation of these measures from net income (loss), please see “Summary—Summary Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data.”

Key Strengths

We are a critical service provider in the healthcare value chain. Our customers rely on us to help ensure that medical, pharmaceutical and food products are safe for healthcare practitioners, patients and consumers. We provide services, including sterility assurance, product safety and effectiveness validation, that our customers need to get their products to market and into the hands of their end-users. Our breadth of services, technical and regulatory expertise, as well as our global scale, enable us to provide these mission-critical services which are necessary for Safeguarding Global Health®. These key strengths make us a global leader in our markets.

 

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LOGO

Comprehensive, global provider of mission-critical sterilization and lab services for the healthcare industry

Our customers value our scale and breadth of services. We offer customers comprehensive sterilization, lab testing and expert advisory services on a global scale. Our customers in the healthcare industry require these services to navigate and operate in an increasingly complex and technical regulatory environment, and we believe we provide a differentiated value proposition to our customers by offering these services in an integrated manner. Our robust sterilization capabilities across all key modalities allow our customers to help ensure the safety of their products prior to delivery to their end-users. We offer over 800 microbiology and analytical chemistry lab tests that, together with our expert advisory services, cover the entirety of the medical device and pharmaceutical product lifecycles to evaluate and ensure that our customers’ products meet regulatory requirements. Our frequent interactions with our customers across multiple facets of their products’ lifecycles give us deep and often early insights into the evolving needs of the manufacturers of medical devices and pharmaceuticals. We have a large, global and strategically-located network of facilities that allows us to deploy the full array of our services to our customers where they need us. These comprehensive and global services make us an essential player across the medical device and pharmaceutical value chain.

Industry leading participant in large and growing markets, underpinned by trends in global healthcare

We estimate that the total global addressable market for terminal sterilization and outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing was approximately $33 billion in 2019. Global terminal sterilization accounted for $3 billion of our estimated total addressable market in 2019. Global outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing services accounted for $29 billion of our total addressable market in 2019.

Given the mission-critical need for our services within the healthcare industry, our growth historically has been impacted by broader global healthcare trends as opposed to macroeconomic trends. Trends including an aging population and increased access to, and demand for, healthcare services globally, have driven increases in volume demand for medical device and pharmaceutical products. In addition, the need for product enhancement and innovation by manufacturers drives further demand for our services. We believe the sterilization and lab services markets will continue to benefit from these trends, as well as from the increasingly complex regulatory

 

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and compliance environment and heightened focus by consumers on personal safety. As our customers continue to focus on innovation of their own products, they have increasingly relied on our expertise and our outsourced services to help them get their products to market. We believe our ability to provide end-to-end sterilization and lab services makes us a trusted partner to our customers in these large and growing markets.

Sterilization services business with an established and durable customer base supported by long-term contracts provides highly recurring revenue streams

We provide expertise and end-to-end sterilization services for our customers leading to deep, trusted relationships that allow them to meet their global regulatory compliance needs. Our relationships with our Sterigenics and Nordion customers are typically governed by multi-year contracts with cost pass-through provisions, which have resulted in recurring revenue streams and accretive growth. In addition, these customers often look to us as a long-term provider given switching providers can be costly and burdensome. For example, in most circumstances, switching providers requires additional testing, re-validation and FDA submissions and can take anywhere from six months to three years depending upon the class of product. Our relationships with our top ten sterilization services customers in 2019 had an average tenure of over a decade. Our partnerships with these customers have led to close to 100% renewal rates over the past five years.

Expertise and strong track record in highly regulated markets

We and our customers operate in highly complex and regulated markets that require deep knowledge and technical expertise. We believe that the operational discipline that we employ to manage intricate quality assurance and EH&S programs in our own operations gives our customers confidence that we are the best partner to support them in their businesses. For example, we design and install emission controls in our EO facilities that often outperform the regulatory standards that we are required to meet. We also have a skilled team which has developed trusted relationships with numerous regulatory bodies around the world. For example, in 2019 we were selected by the FDA as one of eight participants to move to the next stage of a public innovation challenge to encourage the development of new approaches to medical device sterilization and new strategies to reduce EO emissions. We work closely with our customers, the FDA and others to consider enhanced EO cycle design and processes that would reduce EO emissions from the EO sterilization process to as close to zero as reasonably possible. Our relationships, combined with our thought leadership that is recognized by regulators and customers alike, enable us to inform the process of creating, interpreting and advising on safety standards. They also allow us to educate and advise our customers on current and newly evolving standards and requirements.

Global scale and integrated facility network provide differentiated services to our customers

We have a global network of 63 facilities, consisting of 50 sterilization services facilities and 13 labs, through which we provide services to more than 5,800 customers that have operations in over 50 countries. We have worked to standardize our enterprise resource planning, global quality and EH&S systems to integrate our network of facilities globally. This integration is critical for our customers, who operate globally and look for partners that can provide the same level of service, experience and expertise wherever they operate. We serve many of our sterilization customers at more than one facility, with more than 80% of Sterigenics’ net revenues attributable to customers using more than one of our facilities and more than 50% of Sterigenics’ net revenues attributable to customers using five or more of our facilities in 2019. The capital to replicate the scale of our global facility network, extensive and complex upfront licensing processes and intense regulatory compliance requirements make it extremely difficult for new competitors to easily enter our markets and replicate our scale. The combination of Sterigenics and Nordion makes us the only vertically integrated global supplier of gamma irradiation services, which allows Nordion to more confidently make long-term investments to expand Co-60 supply for the medical products sterilization industry. We believe our global scale, supported by our integrated facility network and core capabilities including deep end market, regulatory, technical and logistics expertise, will allow us to continue to expand our service offerings and customer base.

 

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Experienced management team with proven track record of execution and financial performance

Our management team has significant industry expertise, an unwavering commitment to operational excellence and a proven track record of delivering financial performance. Our culture of accountability runs throughout the entire organization and has contributed meaningfully to our operational achievements and commercial success. Our management team is supported by nearly 2,900 team members around the world who are dedicated to safety and quality, which is why we are a trusted partner to our customers. We have delivered revenue growth every year since 2005, even through significant economic downturns, and have implemented productivity initiatives which have led to margin expansion. Our team brings extensive experience and is highly skilled at recognizing and acting upon market expansion opportunities. Our disciplined approach to M&A has enabled the successful integration of two transformational and seven bolt-on acquisitions over the past six years. In addition, we are disciplined in our capital deployment strategy, which is focused on achieving attractive returns on investment. We pursue capacity expansions that will allow us to consistently grow earnings.

Our Strategy

Our strategy is designed to deliver on our mission of Safeguarding Global Health®, while generating sustainable growth, margins and cash flows for our business:

Drive organic growth by leveraging our leading capabilities, scale and global network

We believe that our established and durable relationships with our diverse customer base, along with the breadth and depth of our service offerings, provide us with a distinct leadership position within the markets that we serve. Our deep experience in sterilization and lab services allows us to be agile in identifying opportunities and decisive in deploying resources towards these opportunities to drive organic growth. We intend to continue capitalizing on our leadership position and integrated global facility network and capabilities to drive our growth by expanding existing customer relationships and attracting new customers. We also seek to accelerate our penetration in high-growth end-markets such as pharmaceuticals.

Deepen our customer relationships with our comprehensive service offerings in sterilization and lab services

Our customers around the world trust us to provide them with the highest quality sterilization and lab services. We are focused on broadening the number and range of services that each of our customers purchase from us by leveraging our core capabilities. We have continued to work on improving our customer interactions in order to deliver a “one company” experience across our sterilization and lab services so that we can further deepen our customer relationships. We provide comprehensive end-to-end services across our customers’ value chains so they can efficiently deliver the safest products to their end-users. We are the only industry player that offers the range of sterilization and lab services at the scale that we do. We strive for the full integration of our global operations to drive consistency across our services and provide our customers with a coordinated and seamless experience, designed to reduce cycle times for our services and improve efficiency. Our offerings facilitate long-term partnerships with our customers and make us an integral part of their product development and commercialization processes. We have multiple decades of deep expertise across key sterilization modalities as well as lab testing services across our customers’ full product lifecycles. We provide over 800 laboratory tests, which we believe is multiple times the number of offerings of our nearest competitor.

Expand footprint to meet the local needs of our growing global customer base

We are focused on aligning our facility network to best meet our customers’ requirements. We believe our valuable insight into our customers’ current and future needs will allow us to efficiently grow our business. Our global presence reflects our commitment to developing our footprint to serve our customers’ supply chains. Our integrated network of facilities is important to our customers as they can rely on the same level of service at each of our facilities, regardless of where they are around the world. We believe our sterilization services customers

 

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are seeking a partner that can operate near their manufacturing sites and distribution centers around the world, as transportation and logistics costs can be meaningful for our customers. In certain circumstances we will invest in projects to build capacity ahead of demand in alignment with the strategic plans of our customers. Our lab services customers are seeking expertise with both international and U.S. regulatory bodies. As our customers expand their global operations, we are well-equipped to expand with them and serve them where they need us.

Invest in technical and regulatory capabilities to enhance our leadership position

Our customers depend on our deep and extensive technical knowhow to get their products to market. We plan to continue to invest in our technical expertise and regulatory knowhow to stay ahead of the dynamic and increasingly complex regulatory landscape in the healthcare industry. Our combination of technical and regulatory expertise allows us to advance the standards of safety for crucial products whose end-users include healthcare practitioners and patients. As customers look to us for expertise, this landscape creates opportunities for us to drive growth in our advisory services offering. We believe that our position as a key industry thought leader makes us a trusted partner for customers as they are developing new products and a respected industry partner for regulators as they are defining industry standards of safety for the future.

Continue our commitment to operational excellence to drive business efficiency and results

Our focus on operational excellence has allowed us to increase capacity utilization and improve working capital, thereby growing our revenues while expanding margins and improving the customer experience. Our commitment to implementing and improving customer-experience enhancing initiatives and internal processes has been a key driver of our strong financial profile to date. Our customer-facing initiatives around cycle time reduction, quality self-service reporting, purchase order accuracy and scheduling efficiencies highlight our rigorous, detail-oriented approach to operational excellence and connectivity with our long-time customers. These initiatives are designed not only to reduce turnaround times and increase predictability of service for our customers, but also to maximize our financial results. We will continue to address our customers’ expectations through our internal processes centered on talent management, quality, EH&S and information technology. We believe that these processes will enable us to continue to deliver growth, profitability and cash generation.

Pursue value-creating strategic acquisitions to expand our addressable market and enhance our global capabilities and footprint

Our disciplined approach to M&A has resulted in our successful track record of identifying, completing and integrating strategic acquisitions into our company and we intend to continue to pursue value-creating strategic acquisitions. We have implemented a disciplined framework to support our acquisition efforts that focuses on quality businesses that are well-regarded by our customers and aligned with our culture of accountability, customer service and operating with integrity. Illustrating this highly disciplined acquisition framework are our two transformational acquisitions of Nordion and Nelson Labs. In addition to these major acquisitions, we acquired FTSI, Gammarad, CBE, REVISS, Toxikon Europe NV, Gibraltar Laboratories and Iotron, which provided geographic, technical and service line expansions. Our acquisition of Nelson Labs expanded our capabilities by creating an enhanced lab services platform to provide microbiology testing within our existing customer end-markets and increasing the number of tests we could provide to our customers. We have a strong foundation to continually evaluate acquisition opportunities that would expand our addressable market and enhance our global capabilities and footprint. We are well positioned to evaluate other acquisitions that leverage our core capabilities while expanding our existing customer relationships. We currently have a significant pipeline of targets, ranging from small, owner operated businesses to larger businesses, and believe that we can identify the appropriate targets and integrate them seamlessly into our business.

Industry Overview

We operate in the terminal sterilization and outsourced lab testing industries. We estimate that the total global addressable market for terminal sterilization and outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing

 

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was approximately $33 billion in 2019. Global terminal sterilization accounted for $3 billion of our estimated total addressable market in 2019 and we believe it is growing. Global outsourced medical device and pharmaceutical lab testing services accounted for $29 billion of our estimated total addressable market in 2019, with approximately $3 billion attributable to medical devices and approximately $26 billion attributable to pharmaceuticals, and we believe it is growing.

We expect several positive secular trends to drive increased demand for our services, including:

 

   

Favorable demographic trends for healthcare worldwide: Healthcare demand is increasing globally, driven primarily by an aging population and an increased prevalence of chronic diseases. According to data published by the United Nations in 2019, the world’s population is expected to increase by 2 billion people in the next 30 years. In addition, one in six people are projected to be over the age of 65 globally by 2050, up from one in eleven in 2019. United Nations projections from 2019 also show that the number of people aged 80 or older is expected to triple in the next 30 years. These trends are driven by declining fertility and increasing longevity, as well as international migration. In many regions, the population aged 65 is projected to double by 2050, while global life expectancy beyond 65 is expected to increase by 19 years. In March 2020, the CMS estimated that health expenditures in the United States will increase from approximately 18% of gross domestic product in 2018 to approximately 20% in 2028.

 

   

Increased demand for healthcare services in global markets: Stricter healthcare standards coupled with heightened regulatory requirements, greater availability of care and increased patient purchasing power are driving increased demand for healthcare services. In emerging markets, rapid urbanization and rising income, combined with an increase in diseases such as diabetes and cancer, have fueled the growth in access to, and demand for, healthcare services. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has also increased awareness of the importance of decontamination and sterilization. In 2018, the CMS estimated global healthcare costs to be approximately $4 trillion in 2019 and projected they would reach more than $6 trillion by 2027.

 

   

Growth in R&D spending and innovation across healthcare: The pharmaceutical and medical device industries are continuously innovating and developing new products, which we anticipate will increase the demand for sterilization and lab services. Worldwide pharmaceutical R&D spend is forecasted to grow steadily at a CAGR of approximately 3% between 2019 and 2026, reaching $233 billion by 2026 (EvaluatePharma® July 2020, Evaluate Ltd.). In the medical devices market, the global top twenty companies based on R&D spending spent a combined $18 billion on R&D in 2017 (EvaluateMedTech® World Preview 2018, Evaluate Ltd.). This number is expected to grow at a 4% CAGR, reaching approximately $24 billion by 2024 (EvaluateMedTech® World Preview 2018, Evaluate Ltd.).

Sterilization overview

Sterilization is a process used to render a product free of viable organisms that may lead to infectious diseases. Terminal sterilization refers to sterilization of the product in its final packaging and is the last step in production before the product is shipped to the end-users. Sterilization is a highly technical and regulated industry in which companies are subject to environmental, health and safety regulations in the jurisdictions in which they operate. With an increased focus on sterilization and de-contamination, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we expect the importance of the sterilization industry to continue to grow. In the medical device and pharmaceutical industries, sterilization is a regulatory requirement and essential step in the manufacturing and distribution process. Sterilization services, primarily decontamination, are also critical for the food safety end market, as stricter regulations have been introduced to ensure the safety and quality of products. Due to the technical and regulatory expertise needed for sterilization, outsourced sterilization service providers add significant value to their customers. Medical device and pharmaceutical manufacturers often outsource their sterilization needs, as the technical and regulatory expertise and infrastructure required to establish those capabilities in-house can result in significant cost and resource burden.

 

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The three main sterilization technologies are gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation. Other developing or niche sterilization technologies include x-ray, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and hydrogen peroxide sterilization. In determining the optimal sterilization method for any given product, the type of product, its physical properties and designated use, the type and quantity of bioburden measured on the product, applicable regulatory requirements, how the product will be packaged, as well as the size, weight and density are all considered.

 

   

Gamma irradiation: A process in which products are exposed to gamma rays emitted by Co-60. Gamma rays can penetrate even dense materials to kill microbes. Co-60 is a particularly effective consumable used for sterilizing high-density medical products, such as sutures, surgical tools and stents. The natural decay of Co-60 at approximately 12% a year leads to steady replacement demand for the isotope.

Below is an example of a gamma irradiation facility.

 

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EO processing: A gas sterilization process in which pallets of packaged goods are loaded into a secure chamber that is then injected with EO gas to penetrate the packaging. EO is the most widely used gaseous sterilization agent in the world and has been in use for nearly 90 years. The broad application to a range of medical devices is attributed to the fact that EO is compatible with many materials that cannot tolerate or are degraded by radiation and moist heat sterilization. For this reason, it is commonly the only method available to safely and effectively sterilize procedure kits, PPE and many devices used in cardiac procedures.

Below is an example of an EO processing facility:

 

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E-beam irradiation: A process in which products are exposed to machine-generated radiation in the form of a stream of electrons. E-beam is particularly effective for low density homogenous products such as glass labware. Several medical devices products also rely on E-beam as an effective form of sterilization, including certain types of syringes. In addition to medical device sterilization, E-beam can also be used as an effective technology for materials modification, such as the crosslinking of certain polymers or for enriching the color of gemstones.

Below is an example of an E-beam processing facility:

 

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Other modalities: X-ray irradiation is a process in which products such as medical devices and labware are exposed to machine generated radiation in the form of X-rays for the purpose of sterilization and decontamination. NO2-based sterilization, which offers ultra-low temperature and minimal pressure requirements, can be effective in the sterilization of prefilled syringes, drug-device combination products and custom implants, but is limited as it cannot be used with cellulose materials such as cardboard. Hydrogen peroxide sterilization is a low temperature process that is also incompatible with cellulose material. This technology has historically been focused on competing with autoclaves in the hospital for re-sterilization of surgical tools and devices. Challenges for NO2 and hydrogen peroxide for commercial sterilization also include smaller chamber sizes and load limitations.

Entry into the sterilization business requires significant capital investment, extensive process development and access to supplies of raw materials. The high cost of technology and capital expenditure required, combined with stringent regulations, create high barriers to entry for new outsourced sterilization providers.

We estimate that the global demand for terminal sterilization was approximately $3 billion in 2019.

 

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Lab services overview

Companies use microbiological and analytical chemistry lab testing and advisory services to ensure safety and compliance of key product attributes across the medical device, pharmaceutical and food safety end markets. Microbiology tests help identify and measure the potential risks of microbes to a product and ensure that the quality of the products is maintained. Key testing techniques used include chemical, microbiological, biochemical and molecular methods to quantify, identify and assess the risk of microbes present on samples. Analytical chemistry lab testing is also a critical part of the drug development and the manufacturing process. The qualitative and quantitative results generated from validated analytical testing provide first-hand information as to the content, quality and safety of raw materials, intermediates and finished products. Lab testing is critical for ensuring product quality, patient safety, effectiveness and end-to-end sterility for customers.

Expert advisory services offered in the lab services industry aid customers in navigating the appropriate regulatory standards at any stage of the product life cycle, including supporting them through the regulatory submission process. Medical device manufacturers, who are seeking to maximize efficiency of capital, supply chain, reach and regulatory compliance, are increasingly using lab services providers for testing and advisory services. Technological advancements, rising cases of infectious diseases and increasing stringency and complexity of regulatory standards have continued to drive growth in this market. The high cost of reagents, instruments, equipment and validation requirements create high barriers to entry for emerging competitors.

Laboratory testing must be performed in accordance with applicable standards and regulatory requirements around the world, including those set by the FDA, Health Canada, Medicines and Health products Regulatory Agency, Therapeutic Goods Administration and China’s National Medical Products Administration as well as those of standards organizations like the ISO, American National Standards Institute and Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (“AAMI”).

We estimate that the global medical device and pharmaceuticals lab testing segment size was approximately $59 billion in 2019. Of that demand, we estimate that the outsourced component, which represents our addressable market in lab services, represented approximately $29 billion of that total.

End markets we serve

We primarily serve the medical device, pharmaceutical and, to a lesser extent, food safety end markets with our sterilization and lab services. Through our Sterigenics brand, we provide sterilization services which are essential to the manufacturing process of medical device and pharmaceutical products such as procedure kits and trays, implants, syringes, catheters, wound care products, medical protective barriers including PPE, laboratory equipment and pharmaceuticals. Through our Nordion brand, we are the leading global provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are the key components in the gamma sterilization process, and we are also a leading supplier of Co-60 sources for stereotactic radiosurgery devices (such as the Gamma Knife®), which are used for certain oncology applications. Through our Nelson Labs brand, we provide microbiological and analytical chemistry lab testing services to medical device and pharmaceutical manufacturers which assess the safety, effectiveness and compliance of products necessary for regulatory approvals, commercialization and ongoing product performance evaluations.

In addition, we provide microbial de-contamination and microbial remediation services for the food industry. We currently irradiate a variety of food and food packaging products to guard against harmful bacteria, such as listeria, salmonella, E. coli and other pathogens. We also provide microbial remediation services that stop the progression of damage to products and help make the products safe for distribution.

Medical device

We serve more than 40 of the top 50 medical device companies globally (based on revenue).

The medical device industry manufactures a range of products from simple consumables, such as surgical gloves and other PPE, to more complex devices, such as medical implants, all of which are essential to

 

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maintaining human health. Medical devices and implants are typically in contact or even inserted within the human body, making it even more important that they meet rigorous safety and sterility requirements. There is a diverse mix of established, large companies and fast-growing entrants that fuel innovation and adoption of new technologies in the industry.

Prior to 1950, medical device sterilization was often performed in a medical practitioner’s office or by a hospital’s central sterilization department using steam, dry heat or chemical solutions. Sterilization controls were not rigorous, resulting in healthcare-associated infections, and hospital-acquired infections caused by medical procedures. The advent of single-use, disposable medical devices, which are packaged to maintain sterility up to the point of use, provided an effective solution to this problem and shifted the burden of sterilization from the healthcare system to the medical device manufacturer. The introduction of low-cost biocompatible plastic resins with characteristics appropriate for medical devices and packaging as well as the adoption of EO sterilization as an effective, low-temperature process for sterilizing medical devices accelerated this industry shift. According to the FDA in 2019, more than 20 billion devices sold in the United States every year are sterilized with EO, accounting for approximately 50 percent of devices that require sterilization.

Pharmaceuticals

Pharmaceuticals continue to be a key driver for our growth. Today, we serve eight of the top ten global pharmaceutical companies (based on revenue).

Small and large molecule development is regulated by the FDA, and requires a complex and lengthy research and development processes. For approved products, regulatory standards have become increasingly stringent in recent years especially as they relate to the drug manufacturing process and overall supply chain. Pharmaceutical manufacturers look to services providers who are able to satisfy their industry’s rigorous regulatory and quality standards at all stages, from research and development to production and commercialization. Several sector trends have contributed to growth in the pharmaceutical industry, including growth in R&D spending, increased levels of outsourcing by pharmaceutical companies, as well as increased complexity of clinical development and manufacturing given the emergence of large molecule therapeutics.

Food safety

We currently serve several large customers in the food processing industry, such as beverage companies and spice manufacturers.

Food safety testing is a major and necessary step in food processing. Processed foods are the major category of products that are tested for safety and quality profiles. The global food safety testing market is segmented by contaminant type into pathogen testing, mycotoxins, pesticides, residue testing and others. The market is further segmented by technology and application. The rising number of foodborne diseases, adulteration cases and toxicity cases has dramatically increased the need for food safety testing. In 2018, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (the “CDC”) estimated that one in six Americans get sick from contaminated foods or beverages every year, and 3,000 Americans die annually. The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimated in 2018 that foodborne illnesses cost almost $16 billion each year. Growing consumer interest in food quality with high technological advancements is further driving the food safety testing market in developed countries.

The CDC, FDA and USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service collaborate closely at the federal level to promote food safety. The CDC works with local, state and federal partners to investigate outbreaks and implement systems to better enhance safety. The U.S. Food Safety Modernization Act (“FSMA”) was enacted in 2011 in response to dramatic changes in the global food supply chain and the rise of foodborne illnesses during the 2000s. FSMA has given the FDA new authorities to regulate the way foods are grown, harvested and processed. The law granted the FDA the ability to recall products and includes seven major rules for ensuring the safety of food supply including good manufacturing practice requirements and laboratory accreditation programs.

 

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Our Businesses

Sterilization Services

Our sterilization services business is comprised of Sterigenics and Nordion.

Sterigenics

We are a leading global provider of outsourced terminal sterilization services and have provided sterilization services for nearly 90 years. We offer a globally integrated platform for our customers in the medical device and pharmaceutical industries, with facilities strategically located to be convenient to their manufacturing sites or distribution hubs.

Terminal sterilization is the process of sterilizing a product in its final packaging; it is an essential, and often government-mandated, last step in the manufacturing process of healthcare products before they are shipped to end-users. These products include procedure kits and trays, implants, syringes, catheters, wound care products, medical protective barriers, including PPE, laboratory products and pharmaceuticals.

Sterilization Services

We offer our customers a complete range of terminal sterilization services, primarily using the three major commercial terminal sterilization technologies: gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation. We continue to invest in and develop our capabilities and our current methods of sterilization, as well as explore new alternative modalities and technologies. Our primary terminal sterlization technologies include:

 

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See “Industry Overview—Sterilization overview” for more detail about these technologies. We provide gamma irradiation services at 23 of our facilities, EO processing services at 17 of our facilities and E-beam irradiation services at eight of our facilities.

In addition to the three major technologies, we invest in alternative modalities to serve our customers in niche applications. X-ray irradiation is a process in which products such as medical devices and labware are

 

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exposed to machine-generated radiation in the form of X-rays for the purpose of sterilization and decontamination. X-rays are similar in performance to gamma rays and are useful for processing certain materials due to the high penetration capabilities of X-ray. We utilize X-ray irradiation at one of our sterilization facilities for bio-hazard reduction for the United States Postal Service, or USPS. In addition, we are also investing in NO2-based sterilization, which has been effective in the sterilization of prefilled syringes, drug-device combination products and custom implants.

Sterilization Applications

Sterigenics primarily provides sterilization services for medical device manufacturers and the pharmaceutical industry. Sterigenics also provides decontamination services for the food industry. Additionally, Sterigenics provides various advanced applications for other organizations and companies including the USPS and semiconductor manufacturers. Our customers select the sterilization method that meets the needs of their products and requirements of regulators and we deliver sterilization services according to their customer-specific protocols. In most cases, customers are serviced from more than one facility.

 

   

Medical device sterilization. Medical device sterilization is a regulatory requirement in many jurisdictions and an important and last step in the manufacturing of healthcare products such as medical protective barriers, including PPE, procedure kits and trays, implants, syringes, catheters and wound care products. A broad range of single-use, prepackaged medical products, as well as certain consumer products, are required by government regulations to be sterile, or meet certain acceptable microbial levels when sold. These products are not manufactured in a “sterile” or “clean” environment and are thereby inhabited by potentially harmful microbes. Products must be treated as part of the production process before shipment to customers, either in-house by the manufacturer or by an outsourced sterilization provider, such as Sterigenics.

We have developed a consultative approach with medical device manufacturers that expands our service offerings beyond core product sterilization, as we believe they want value-added solutions from their outsourced sterilization partners that reach beyond the traditional scope of sterilization. We offer customers a comprehensive selection of advisory services in design, testing, production and supply chain management for sterile healthcare products before, during and after the sterilization process to ensure and improve a product’s speed to market and compliance with regulatory requirements.

 

   

Pharmaceuticals. We provide comprehensive outsourced terminal sterilization solutions to help our customers in the pharmaceutical industry meet regulatory requirements. Our sterilization expertise covers a variety of pharmaceutical drug products, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients, pre-filled syringes, drug components, excipients and primary packaging and components.

In addition, pharmaceutical companies are starting to market disposable delivery devices, such as auto-inject devices for epinephrine, which are combined medical device and pharmaceutical products. As these disposable delivery devices are subject to both medical device regulations and pharmaceutical regulations, we believe these companies are looking to leading outsourced sterilization providers like us for our expertise in sterilizing these complex devices. We believe that the complementary capabilities and expertise in our Nelson Labs business make Sterigenics an attractive sterilization partner to customers in the pharmaceutical industry. We can provide a full suite of services to help them throughout key stages in the lifecycle of these complex products.

 

   

Food and agricultural products. We provide microbial reduction and microbial remediation services for food and agricultural products. Generally, in a microbial reduction process, products are exposed to lower levels of treatment than in a sterilization process. This process is not intended to render a product free of viable organisms but rather to reduce their number. In connection with our microbial reduction services, we treat a wide array of products such as spices, herbs, animal feed and food packaging materials to address product liability concerns of our customers related to the health of the consumer or to extend shelf life. We currently irradiate a variety of food and food packaging products, ranging from

 

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orange juice to steaks, to guard against harmful bacteria, such as listeria, salmonella, E. coli and other pathogens. Microbial reduction and irradiation offer producers and processors a method to safeguard against bacteria from the time of packaging of their products to the time they reach consumers. We also provide microbial remediation services that stop the progression of damage to products and help make the products safe for distribution.

 

   

Commercial, advanced and specialty applications. We provide a wide range of advanced applications services for industrial materials to customers that use ionizing radiation to modify materials or products. The advanced applications sterilization industry represents over $1.7 billion of demand, with an outsourced value of approximately $350 million. It is comprised of a large number of distinct segments that can be addressed using our services for radiation processing. Materials that undergo advanced application processes include products such as power semiconductors, polymers and gemstones. In addition, we utilize our ionizing radiation services to provide bio-security services to the USPS by treating and protecting the mail against unwanted pathogens and biohazards. We believe we are the only provider of this service to the USPS. We also treat commercial products, such as cosmetics, with our microbial reduction services. In Canada and Europe, where recreational cannabis, medical cannabis, or both, are legal, we provide commercial gamma and E-beam irradiation services for decontamination of cannabis.

Sterigenics Customers

Sterigenics serves approximately 2,800 customers. We follow extensive validation procedures with our customers to determine the optimal sterilization method for each product, and to validate that the chosen method will achieve the sterility requirement for that product. Once a sterilization process has been validated, we adhere to our customers’ process specifications to treat their product.

Sterilization services are an essential element in our customers’ manufacturing processes but generally represent a small fraction of the total end-product cost of medical devices. We believe this means that our customers choose our services based on quality and consistency of service rather than solely on the cost. These deep, tenured customer relationships are supported by multi-year contracts with cost pass-through provisions, which have resulted in recurring revenue streams.

For many products, our customers are required to include the specific facility used to validate a product’s listing in the FDA (or foreign equivalent) product registration and are typically required to re-register if they switch facilities, making switching locations for a particular product a difficult and expensive process for our customers. This dynamic contributes to low customer churn and long-term relationships within our business.

In addition, Sterigenics has achieved high historical customer retention and renewal rates—Sterigenics has close to 100% renewal rates of its top ten customers over the last five years, and an average tenure of over a decade with its top 25 customers over the last five years—and minimal customer concentration. We have also introduced innovative, advanced processing systems for outsourced sterilization that are designed to enhance operating efficiencies, improve turnaround times and provide for greater processing flexibility without sacrificing quality, consistency or reliability.

Sterigenics Competition

We compete globally with Applied Sterilization Technologies, a segment of STERIS plc, as well as other smaller or regional outsourced sterilization companies. In addition, some manufacturers have invested in in-house sterilization capabilities. We also face competition from other technologies, such as chemical cross-linking of polymers. Our services generally compete on the basis of the quality of technology and services offered, level of expertise in each of the major sterilization methods, level of expertise in the applicable regulatory requirements and proximity to customers.

 

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Sterigenics Suppliers

We primarily purchase our supply of Co-60 sources, the key input into the gamma sterilization process, from Nordion. Our supply of Co-60 sources is at times impacted by the global availability of Co-60. Our supply of EO is sourced from various suppliers around the world. There is more than one supplier of EO in most of the countries in which we operate; however, in the United States, there is a single supplier for EO to our industry. We have not historically experienced any supply disruptions and our U.S. supplier has redundant production facilities to help ensure reliable EO supply. We also have a license in the United States to distribute EO to self-supply should the need arise and we determine to make the necessary investments.

Sterigenics Facilities

With 48 facilities in 13 countries, our global network of sterilization facilities represents a significant competitive advantage. We serve many of our sterilization customers at more than one facility, with more than 80% of Sterigenics’ net revenues attributable to customers using more than one of our facilities and more than 50% of Sterigenics’ net revenues attributable to customers using five or more of our facilities in 2019. Extensive capital, technical expertise and regulatory knowledge are required to build and maintain facilities like ours. We estimate that one new facility can cost over $30 million to build, on average, and require extensive and complex licensing approval and regulatory compliance processes. We estimate that the cost to replace the facilities in our network alone could be as high as $1.5 billion or more, in addition to the technical and regulatory requirements.

Our global facility network, built and expanded over several decades, is strategically located convenient to customers’ manufacturing sites and distribution hubs or routes. For many of our customers, the location of our facilities is important because transportation and logistics costs can be meaningful. We also employ proprietary technology to provide customers with increased visibility into our processes. Sterigenics GPS enables customers to monitor the sterilization process in real-time and better manage their supply chain. These features improve the accuracy and visibility of customer order information and quality data, which in turn provide enhanced transparency to regulatory agencies around the world, further enhancing our reputation as a company with regulatory expertise. We are focused on continuing to leverage advanced technology and service offerings to better serve customers, and we believe our capital and resource commitment in this area drives customer loyalty and retention.

By leveraging a global operating system, we drive operational excellence across our network of facilities in order to achieve high levels of safety, quality, operating efficiency and customer satisfaction to provide a uniform customer experience. All facilities are either ISO 13485 certified, ISO 9001 certified or both, as well as licensed and registered in all necessary jurisdictions to comply with government required regulations.

Nordion

Nordion is the leading global provider of Co-60 sources and production irradiators, which are the key components in the gamma sterilization process. Co-60 is a radioactive isotope that emits gamma radiation that sterilizes items by killing contaminating micro-organisms. Production irradiators are the units that house the Co-60 sources within a gamma sterilization facility. We estimate that gamma sterilization, which is a critical component of the global infection control supply chain, represents approximately 30% of single-use medical device sterilization worldwide. Nordion’s customers include both outsourced contract sterilizers, including Sterigenics, as well as medical device manufacturers that sterilize their products in-house.

We provide our customers with high quality, reliable, safe and secure Co-60 source supply at each stage of the source’s life cycle. We support our customers with handling and processing of Co-60, recycling of depleted sources and global logistics enabled by our licensed container fleet. We also provide regulatory and technical service expertise to improve the risk profiles and enhance effectiveness of gamma processing operations. Without this radioactive material, gamma sterilization would not be possible on the global scale at which it is used today, and we are integral to our customers’ operations due to highly coordinated and complex installation processes.

 

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Nordion has a long history of innovation in gamma technologies. Nordion designs, installs and maintains production irradiators. Nordion developed the first Co-60 based tele-therapy unit for cancer treatment in 1951 and the first panoramic irradiator in 1964. In addition to selling Co-60 sources for sterilization purposes, Nordion also sells high specific activity Co-60 (“HSA Co-60” or “medical Co-60”) used in stereotactic radiosurgery as a radiation source for oncology applications, specifically in the Gamma Knife® and other similar applications. Today, Co-60 is a critical part of treatment for brain and other cancers because it is noninvasive, reliable, effective and safe to use.

Co-60 Production Process

Nordion’s primary product is Co-60 sources. Co-60 is a radioactive isotope used in radiation sterilization that decays naturally at a rate of approximately 12% annually. Co-60 is produced by placing cobalt-59 (“Co-59”), the most common form of cobalt, into a nuclear power reactor to be activated.

The Co-60 production process requires high purity Co-59. Co-59 is produced globally, primarily as a byproduct of nickel and copper mining, and is used in a variety of industrial applications. The Co-59 used for sterilization accounts for a small portion of overall Co-59 demand. Co-59 is compressed into “targets,” which are pellets and slugs suitable to be activated into Co-60. These targets are then encapsulated and delivered to be installed in nuclear reactors. Depending on the type of reactor and the location of the Co-59 in the reactor, the conversion process can take between 18 months and five years. Once the conversion to Co-60 is complete, the targets are extracted from the nuclear reactor while the reactor is shut down and shipped to Nordion to be processed into Co-60 sources to be sold to customers. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Company—Safety risks associated with the use and disposal of potentially hazardous materials, such as EO and Co-60, may result in accidents or liabilities that materially affect our results of operations.”

Nordion Products

Co-60 is sold to customers by its level of radioactivity, measured in curies. Our customers typically buy low specific activity Co-60 (“LSA Co-60”) for industrial sterilization use and HSA Co-60 for medical use. At our Ottawa facility, we receive and process the targets to form the final Co-60 source product with the desired amount of radioactivity for each customer order. The Co-60 sources undergo stringent and sophisticated quality assurance testing at our facility. The final product is then placed in large regulatory licensed steel and lead shipping containers, which Nordion uses to transport Co-60 to our customers.

We transport the Co-60 sources via proprietary lead and steel containers that are licensed to meet all applicable international shipping requirements. We believe we have the most extensive expertise in Co-60 logistics. There is a significant regulatory burden in the production, management and transportation of fleets of containers of Co-60 sources. Our transportation routes and carriers are highly controlled, and we provide regular and comprehensive training for employees and carriers who are involved in moving the Co-60 globally.

We also design, install and maintain production irradiators, which include radiation shielding, a series of conveyors and control systems that are designed to expose products to the correct gamma radiation dosage in a safe and efficient manner. A production irradiator is the infrastructure that houses the Co-60 sources and makes up a part of a sterilization and warehousing facility. We have designed and built over 100 of the estimated 290 large scale production irradiators active globally. Our installation, physics and engineering teams are comprised of highly trained professionals who provide fast and ongoing technical support from source installation to emergency response.

We also offer our customers a for-fee spent Co-60 source return service for depleted Co-60 sources that have reached end of their useful life, which is often 20 or more years. We also have a source recycling program that extends the useful life of individual slugs from the decayed product up to an additional 20 years, pairing them with new slugs to make new Co-60 sources.

 

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Nuclear Reactor Operators

Given the timeline required to produce Co-60, forecasting supply and working closely with nuclear power reactor operators to manage the amount and timing of shipments represents an important business capability of Nordion.

The amount of Co-60 supply is ultimately determined by the number of nuclear reactors that are capable of producing Co-60 at a given point in time. Our access to Co-60 tends to vary on a quarterly basis, due primarily to the nuclear reactor maintenance schedule, length of time required to convert Co-59 into Co-60, the limited number of facilities that can generate Co-60 in an economically efficient manner, and the timing of the removal of Co-60 from reactors. While short-term variability in Co-60 supplier delivery timing can result in variability in our financial performance in one or more fiscal quarters, we work with multiple reactor sites that operate on consistent and predictable discharge and harvest schedules over the long-term.

Nordion currently has access to Co-60 supply at multiple nuclear reactors pursuant to multi-year contracts with three operators that cover 14 reactors at four generating stations, that extend to dates between 2024 and 2064, with our largest supplier under contract until 2064. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Company—We depend on a limited number of counterparties that provide the materials and resources we need to operate our business. Any disruption in the availability of, or increases in the price of, EO, Co-60 or our other direct materials, services and supplies, including as a result of current geopolitical instability arising from U.S. relations with Russia and related sanctions, may have a material adverse effect on our operating results.” The substantial majority of our Co-60 material has historically been produced under multi-year contracts with nuclear reactor operators in Canada and Russia. Nordion provides Co-59 targets to its Canadian and Russian reactor suppliers, manufactured to proprietary specifications customized for each supplier. In addition, we also acquire a portion of our Co-60 supply from reactors that produce Co-60 in Russia, China and India.

The vertical integration of Nordion and Sterigenics has allowed us to more confidently make meaningful long-term investments to expand Co-60 supply for the medical products sterilization industry. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Trends and Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations.” Currently, approximately 9% of nuclear reactors worldwide are the type of reactors that have been capable of producing commercial quantities of Co-60. In December 2018, we acquired patents that may allow us to significantly increase our sourcing options for Co-60 and further expand the market for gamma sterilization. Additionally, in February 2020, we announced a collaboration with Westinghouse Electric Company to further develop the technology to produce Co-60 at reactors in the United States. If successful, we believe this collaboration could further diversify our supply with reliable U.S. domestic partners and encourage the implementation of this patented technology at other reactors.

We continue to work closely with Canada Deuterium Uranium (“CANDU”) reactor operators to monitor refurbishment schedules, and to evaluate opportunities for an increase in Co-60 production from both Russian and CANDU reactors. We are exploring partnerships with other CANDU reactor operators in Canada and Romania that would involve investing in their reactor infrastructure to enable long-term production of Co-60.

From time to time we also purchase Co-60 on the spot market and will continue to explore opportunities for supply in the global market.

Nordion Customers

Nordion supplies products and services to approximately 40 customers, including medical device manufacturers and gamma sterilization service providers. Co-60’s consumable nature results in annual natural decay at an approximately 12% annual rate, which creates stable, recurring demand as customers must purchase incremental supply in order to satisfy ongoing needs. We are integral to our customers’ operations due to highly coordinated and complex installation and service processes that require expertise in handling and shipping radioactive material as well as our deep knowledge of the relevant regulatory and compliance requirements. Customer relationships are typically governed by multi-year supply agreements.

 

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One of Nordion’s customers is Sterigenics, which competes with several of Nordion’s other gamma sterilization service customers. When we acquired Nordion in 2014, we established information barriers between Nordion and Sterigenics with regard to certain customer information, which are still in place today, and we have certain agreements with Nordion’s customers requiring these barriers. These barriers constrain our ability to manage a pricing strategy across our Sterigenics and Nordion segments with regard to customers.

We are a leading global supplier of HSA Co-60 used in oncology-related stereotactic radiosurgery devices, including the Gamma Knife®, which use directed gamma rays for certain oncology applications. We also supply other medical equipment manufacturers and sub-contractors in the industry who require the concentrated radiation dose capabilities of HSA Co-60.

Nordion Competition

Nordion’s two main competitors in the industrial LSA Co-60 sources supply market include a Russian Co-60 sources producer, which currently supplies certain regions in Europe and Asia, and a China-based producer, which currently supplies the domestic Chinese market. In addition, certain regional competitors have the capability to produce Co-60. These competitors could potentially increase their global competition capabilities in the future. Nordion also competes indirectly with other developing modalities of sterilization, such as X-ray technology, that can sterilize similar products as gamma sterilization but which use electricity to generate radiation and therefore do not require Co-60 sources.

Nordion’s main competitors in the HSA Co-60 industry include suppliers in China, Sweden and North America that have capacity to produce medical Co-60. From 2017 to 2020, growth in our sale of medical Co-60 for the stereotactic radiosurgery device industry benefited from other competitors’ supply disruptions and lack of reliability.

Nordion Facilities

Nordion’s operations are supported by a facility in Kanata, Canada dedicated to processing and shipping cobalt, as well as a European distribution facility in Milton, United Kingdom.

Lab Testing and Advisory Services

Nelson Labs

Lab testing and advisory services are necessary across the medical device and pharmaceutical product lifecycles to evaluate and ensure a product’s safety and effectiveness. We are a global leader in outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. In addition to our testing services, our customers often call upon our experts for technical assistance and our advisory services. We go to market leveraging our global footprint and an extensive range of services under our Nelson Labs brand.

We have established ourselves as a critical partner for our customers through our delivery of high quality services, quick testing turnaround times, responsiveness, high-touch support and easy accessibility to our science and service teams. We have an industry-leading brand recognized for the quality and comprehensiveness of service, both of which can take many years to build. Further, we believe that our testing and advisory services offerings and experience across a broad array of products differentiate us from smaller laboratories, as we are able to provide testing and advisory services across the entire lifecycle of our customers’ multitude of products. Our scale combined with our global network enable us to undertake significant and time-sensitive projects for our customers that might typically require them to interface with multiple labs. This allows us to simplify complex issues for our customers and streamline communication and execution. Moreover, the integration across our services and facilities enables us to assist our customers in minimizing their business continuity risk by reducing capacity shortages, turnaround time delays and throughput issues.

 

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Nelson Labs Services

Our microbiology and analytical chemistry services include over 800 tests. We also provide for-fee advisory services that position us as thought leaders in the industry and increase the demand for our testing offerings. These can be categorized into three broad categories that address different stages of customers’ product lifecycle:

 

   

Product Development and Validation. Prior to a new medical product or alteration to an existing product being submitted for regulatory approval, Nelson Labs provides a variety of tests to customers during the research and development stage. These includes tests that assist the client in:

 

•  Product design

•  Material selection

•  Biological safety evaluation

•  Toxicological risk assessment

•  Sterilization modality selection and sterilization validation

    

•  Cleaning and disinfection validation (for reusable devices)

•  Package barrier properties

•  Distribution simulation

•  Filtration efficiency and physical functionality of PPE (including surgical facemasks, N95 respirators, gowns, drapes and other PPE)

We provide sterilization modality selection and sterilization validation services for a variety of sterilization modalities, including the three major modalities offered by Sterigenics—gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam—allowing us to serve our customers in multiple areas.

 

   

Expert Advisory. Bringing a medical product or drug to market can be a long and complex process, especially in the context of constantly evolving standards in a changing regulatory environment. Nelson Labs provides expert advisory services to aid customers in navigating the appropriate standards and regulatory environments. These services include:

 

•  Study design

•  Development and justification of acceptance criteria

•  Onsite facility evaluation and validations

    

•  Technical troubleshooting and scientific problem solving

•  Regulatory compliance related services, including supporting clients through the regulatory submission process

Our expert advisory services provide additional value and expertise at any stage of the product development life cycle. Nelson Labs offers these services on a standalone basis or as a combined offering with our lab testing services, which creates opportunities for cross-selling with our existing customers for both services. Our expert advisory services are also complemented by our ongoing education offerings conducted through webinars, seminars, tailored onsite education sessions and our website.

 

   

Routine Sterility and Quality Control Testing. Once a product has received regulatory approval and is in production, Nelson Labs provides ongoing quality control testing, including production batch verification testing and environmental testing of the client’s production systems and facilities, the requirements for which vary based on applicable standards. Nelson Labs performs bacterial endotoxin testing or quarterly dose audits for devices sterilized using irradiation, and biological indicator testing for devices sterilized with EO. Nelson also provides testing for producers of non-sterile products to ensure they are free of objectionable organisms. Often, Nelson Labs provides this ongoing routine

 

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quality control testing (based on production lot sizes) for the products for which it performed initial validation testing. These products are often sterilized by Sterigenics.

 

LOGO

The testing process commences when Nelson Labs receives samples and a testing request from the customer. Samples are triaged and assigned to specific lab departments, where laboratory analysts and study directors verify orders and interface with customers directly to clarify, adjust or enhance testing as needed to ensure compliance with regulatory standards. Once the sample has been tested, the order is closed out and results are verified by the study director and a technical reviewer prior to electronic delivery of the final customer report via a secure online customer portal.

We operate in an industry that requires significant regulatory and specialized scientific expertise. At a minimum, providers must maintain the proper certifications and accreditations from key regulatory and accreditation bodies, as well as obtain qualification by each customer as a “qualified supplier,” which is often required at the corporate level and at each of the customer’s operating sites. We employ over 500 scientists, technicians and service specialists, creating a substantial competitive advantage in terms of expertise. Our experts serve in predominant roles on a number of standards writing organizations, including the United States Pharmacopeia, AAMI, American Society of Testing and Materials and ISO. We have established credibility and trust with regulators and standards writing organizations which helps us educate customers about the continually-changing testing requirements in a complex and evolving regulatory landscape. Our regulatory and scientific expertise in laboratory testing allows us to serve as thought leaders within the industry and provide high-quality service to our customers. We focus on providing highly-differentiated services that our customers can rely upon to ensure compliance of and enhance their products. For example, over the course of 14 years, we have developed a proprietary, world-class compound database with over 5,000 known elements which enables our extractables and leachables testing. This database allows us to provide analytical data that differentiates our capabilities from our competitors.

 

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Industries Served by Nelson Labs

We provide microbiological and analytical chemistry laboratory tests across the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. Specifically, our medical device lab testing services include microbiology, biocompatibility and toxicology assessments, material characterization, sterilization validation, sterility assurance, packaging validation and distribution simulation, reprocessing validations, facility and process validation and performance validation and verification of PPE barriers and material. Our pharmaceutical lab testing services include microbiology, biocompatibility and toxicology assessments, extractables and leachables evaluations of pharmaceutical containers, sterilization validation, sterility assurance, packaging validation and distribution simulation and facility and process validation.

Nelson Labs benefits from many of the same underlying growth drivers as our sterilization business, including the global utilization of medical devices and pharmaceutical products and the importance of compliance with continuously evolving global regulatory requirements. In particular, recent global regulatory changes, such as the enactment of the European Union Medical Device Regulation 2017/745 (MDR) and the FDA’s modernization of the premarket notification process under Section 510(k) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, have increased the requirements for the testing and sterilization of medical devices. The COVID-19 pandemic also increased testing demand due to new FDA Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs), which define testing criteria necessary for the direct release of masks and respirators to hospitals and clinics without FDA submission. Because we provide product development and validation testing services to clients launching new products or altering existing products, this business benefits from the ongoing technological advances and increasing complexity of medical and pharmaceutical products.

Nelson Labs Customers

Nelson Labs serves over 3,800 customers, including many leading medical device manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies. We have recurring and stable customer relationships and benefit from minimal customer concentration. Our services are an essential component in our customers’ research and development and ongoing quality control processes but represent a small portion of end-product cost, which allows us to maintain long-term customer relationships and provide services that are integral to the supply chains of our global customers. We support customers through solutions-focused relationship managers, dedicated service centers and a team-wide service ethic. Nelson Labs has developed a proprietary customer portal that provides our customers quick and convenient access to important product information and customer service. The portal allows our customers to see their tests, status of the tests, estimated completion date and final reports and includes a live chat system connected to our global service center.

Nelson Labs Competition

We primarily compete in the global lab testing services market with a range of providers, from national or international players to other smaller regional or niche laboratories. Our products and services compete on the basis of the quality of services offered, breadth of services, level of expertise in each testing method, delivery time, level of expertise in the applicable regulatory requirements and our reputation with customers and regulators.

Nelson Labs Suppliers

We purchase our lab testing supplies from a number of vendors mainly in the United States and occasionally throughout the world. In many cases we have redundant sources of supplies that minimize our risk of concentration. In addition, some crucial supplies are placed on reserve at specific vendors for our exclusive use.

Nelson Labs Facilities

We operate from a five building campus in Salt Lake City, Utah, with 85 laboratories including metrology, training, media prep labs, five ISO Class V certified clean rooms and customizable lab spaces. We also have

 

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facilities in Fairfield, New Jersey; Itasca, Illinois; Leuven, Belgium and nine other laboratories embedded in our Sterigenics sterilization facilities in North America and Asia. We also have one additional lab facility that is under construction in Europe.

Our Patents and Other Proprietary Rights

Our businesses rely on certain proprietary technologies. Most of the proprietary technologies used in our businesses are unpatented. Some of our technologies, including certain processes, methods, algorithms and proprietary data bases, are maintained by the business as trade secrets, which we seek to protect through a combination of physical and technological security measures and contractual measures, such as nondisclosure and confidentiality agreements. We also have limited proprietary technologies that are covered by issued patents or patent applications, in particular related to potential new Co-60 supply opportunities for our Nordion business.

The name recognition of our businesses is a valuable asset. Many of our business names are the subject of trademark registrations or applications in the United States or certain other jurisdictions, or part of registered domain names.

Human Capital Resources

As of July 31, 2020, we employed nearly 2,900 employees worldwide.

None of our U.S. employees are represented by unions. There are employees outside of the United States that are represented by unions or works councils in Canada, Belgium, Brazil, France, Germany and Mexico. One of our values is People. We value our people who are part of a global team that is diverse, respectful, passionate and collaborative. Our human capital strategy is aligned with our strategy and priorities and focuses on developing and delivering global solutions to attract, develop, engage and retain top talent.

Our Values

 

LOGO

Our mission is Safeguarding Global Health®. Our purpose is bigger than the products and services we provide. We ensure that healthcare around the world is consistently and reliably safe every day. Our purpose, our conduct and our values are at the heart of our commitment to employee safety, environmental responsibility and sustainability principles. Our shared values guide how we operate each and every day:

 

   

Safety. We are uncompromising in our commitment to health and well-being.

 

   

Customer focus. We are driven to fulfill our customers’ needs with the highest quality and care.

 

   

People. We value our people who are part of a global team that is diverse, respectful, passionate and collaborative.

 

   

Integrity. We are honest, reliable and accountable in everything we do.

 

   

Excellence. We exceed the expectations of our stakeholders and continue to improve and innovate in everything we do.

 

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We are committed to providing a safe work environment for our employees and contractors. We have implemented a health and safety program to manage workplace safety hazards and to protect employees. The program encompasses performance, practices and awareness.

We are driven to fulfill our customers’ needs with highest quality and care to enable their success.

Properties and Facilities

Our corporate headquarters is in Broadview Heights, Ohio, our Sterigenics headquarters is in Oakbrook, Illinois, our Nordion headquarters is in Kanata, Ontario and our Nelson Labs headquarters is in Taylorsville, Utah. As of August 31, 2020, we operated 63 facilities in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. The following chart identified the number of owned and leased facilities, other than our headquarters listed above. We believe that our facilities are adequate for our current needs and that suitable additional or substitute space will be available as needed to accommodate planned expansion of our operations.

 

Segment(1)

   Owned Facilities    Owned/Leased
Facilities(2)
   Leased Facilities

Sterigenics

   27    4    17

Nelson Labs

   6    1    6

Nordion

   1       1

 

(1)

Nine of our Sterigenics and Nelson Labs facilities are located at the same address but are considered separate facilities because they require separate infrastructure. Two of our Sterigenics facilities are located at the same address but are considered separate facilities because they provide different sterilization modalities and require separate infrastructure.

(2)

Owned/leased facilities are comprised of multiple buildings, with some leased and some owned.

Environmental and Regulatory Considerations

We are subject to environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including laws, regulations and permit requirements with respect to our use of Co-60, EO and E-beam. These requirements limit emissions of and the exposure of workers to gamma radiation and EO. Nordion’s Kanata facility is licensed as a Class 1B nuclear facility in Canada, regulated by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (“CNSC”), and is audited across various dimensions of this license on an annual basis. In addition to the nuclear aspect of our products, many of the products that we process or manufacture are medical devices directed for human use or products used in the manufacture of medical devices that are directed for human use. Our Nuclear Substance Processing Facility Operating License, CNSC Export license and CNSC Device servicing licenses for our Kanata facility were renewed in October 2015 for a 10-year period. Our facilities hold various International Organization for Standardization’s (“ISO”) certifications including ISO 9002, 9001, 13485 and 17025. We have device facility and specific product registrations with North American (Health Canada and the FDA) and European Drug and Device health regulators. These regulators exert oversight through requirements for a product registration and direct audit of our operations.

Additionally, our operations in the United States and the majority of our facilities outside the United States (to the extent we are processing a product in that facility that will end up in the U.S. market) are regulated by the FDA. We are also regulated by other health regulatory authorities in other countries. Specifically, these operations include some of our sterilization and product testing activities that may constitute “manufacturing” activities and are subject to FDA requirements. These requirements include site, contract drug manufacturer and supplier of active pharmaceutical ingredients registration and listing and manufacturing requirements. Regulations issued by OSHA, the NRC and other agencies also require that equipment used at our facilities be designed and operated in a manner that is safe and with proper safety precautions and practices when handling, monitoring and storing EO and Co-60.

 

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While we strive to comply with these regulatory requirements, we may not at all times be in full compliance and, as a result, could be subject to significant civil and criminal fines and penalties. To reduce the risk of noncompliance, we employ engineering and procedural controls and pollution control equipment, and undertake internal and external regulatory compliance audits at our facilities. We have a proactive EH&S program and a culture of safety and quality across all business units, and employ a Senior Vice President of Environmental, Health and Safety that reports directly to the Chief Executive Officer and has a team of more than 30 employees.

For additional information, please see the sections titled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Company—We are subject to extensive regulatory requirements and routine regulatory audits in all of our operations. We must receive permits, licenses and/or regulatory clearance or approval for our operations. Failure to comply with all laws and regulations or to receive or maintain permits, licenses, clearances or approvals may hurt our revenues, profitability, financial condition or value” and “Legal Proceedings—Willowbrook, Illinois – Government Litigation.”

EO Regulatory Overview

In addition to general environmental laws and regulations, EO plants and the EO sterilization process are subject to specific regulatory requirements under federal laws in the United States as well as many of the countries in which we operate. Such additional regulations include specific requirements for permissible employee exposure limits, process safety program, approved EO containers and their transportation, facility security, quality system programs, emission control systems and emission limits and products allowed to be treated with EO. Some state and local governments have additional environmental laws, stricter regulations or other requirements including permitting programs that set forth operational parameters for EO sterilization facilities. In the United States, OSHA regulations limit worker exposure to EO. The use of EO for medical device sterilization is regulated by the USEPA under the FIFRA and the CAA. In addition, FDA regulations dictate the acceptable amount of EO residue on different types of sterilized products. Most other countries in which we operate have similar EH&S and worker exposure regulations.

Our EO sterilization facilities evacuate EO from the sterilization chambers and aeration rooms. Most countries in which we operate have varying emission control requirements for EO emissions from our facilities. We are investing in additional voluntary controls on EO emissions at our facilities to outperform current and expected future regulatory requirements and further reduce facility emissions. For example, we have implemented additional controls to meet new German EH&S standards of stricter EO occupational exposure limitations. In the United States, our supplier maintains FIFRA registrations for EO as a medical device sterilant for users of EO across the United States. The USEPA is in the process of reviewing EO’s FIFRA re-registration eligibility in accordance with the provisions of FIFRA. As a condition of continued registration, the USEPA may require enhancements to the processes and equipment for use of EO as a medical device sterilant. The USEPA is also also expected to propose updated NESHAP air emission regulations for EO commercial sterilization facilities, which have not yet been published and with which sterilization facilities like ours will be required to comply. In certain U.S. states, including California, additional regulatory requirements and obligations exist, including requirements for the provision of notices regarding the release of or exposure to certain listed substances, including EO and radioactive sources, and bills have been in introduced in the U.S. Congress to further regulate EO sterilization activity. Each of our EO sterilization facilities utilizes a variety of control technologies (including wet scrubbers, catalytic oxidizers and dry bed scrubbers) to control these emissions, and we are investing in additional control features to further reduce emissions. We consistently meet and outperform regulatory emissions control requirements, although we have experienced instances of emissions exceeding applicable standards, none of which we believe were material. We expect to be able to satisfy any changes to applicable regulatory requirements as they evolve.

In addition to government regulation, there are standards, guidelines and requirements established by industry organizations and other non-governmental bodies that may impact our operations such as the ISO’s limit on the permissible levels of residual EO on sterilized medical devices.

 

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Gamma Irradiation Regulatory Overview

In the United States, Sterigenics is subject to NRC and state regulations that govern operations involving radioactive materials at gamma irradiation plants. These NRC and state regulations specify the requirements for, among other things, maximum radiation doses, system designs, safety features and alarms and employee and area monitoring, testing and reporting. Each of our U.S. plants has a radioactive materials license from the NRC or the state in which it operates. Nordion also has NRC licenses to distribute radioactive material within the United States, which permits Nordion to install and remove Co-60 sources and provide other services to its customers, and a license to export radioactive material from the United States to Canada. The NRC recently implemented new security requirements for our U.S. gamma facilities.

Our Nordion segment operates through our subsidiary Nordion (Canada) Inc. in Canada and REVISS Services in the United Kingdom. Through Nordion, we are subject to additional Canadian regulations, including Transport Canada regulations for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods, CNSC regulations for the General Nuclear Safety and Controls, Health Canada requirements for drugs and devices and CNSC and Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade requirements for import and export.

Outside North America, the European Union and national authorities have developed regulations pertinent to the operation of gamma irradiators that are similar to those of the NRC. While some specific requirements are different in the various other nations as compared to the United States, the fundamental concepts are consistent among the countries, since all are signatories to the International Atomic Energy Agency (“IAEA”) conventions and have adopted safety standards from the IAEA and recommendations from the International Commission on Radiological Protection (“ICRP”).

E-beam and X-ray Irradiation Regulatory Overview

In the United States, irradiators that use accelerators are regulated by the individual state in which a facility resides. While there is some variability in the content of regulations among states, all are patterned after the general regulations of the NRC. These regulations typically specify the requirements for radiation shielding, system designs, safety features and alarms and employee and area monitoring, testing and reporting.

Outside of the United States, accelerator regulations are similar among various nations. These regulations are based on the IAEA standards and ICRP recommendations, much like those for gamma irradiators.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be subject to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, including claims relating to personal injury, property damage, workers’ compensation and employee safety. In addition, from time to time, we receive communications from government or regulatory agencies concerning investigations or allegations of noncompliance with laws or regulations in jurisdictions in which we operate. At this time, and except as is noted below, we are unable to predict the outcome of, and cannot reasonably estimate the impact of, any pending litigation matters, matters concerning allegations of non-compliance with laws or regulations and matters concerning other allegations of other improprieties, or the incidence of any such matters in the future. For additional information on risks relating to litigation, please see the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Company—We are currently defending certain litigation, and we are likely to be subject to additional litigation in the future.”

Willowbrook, Illinois - Government Litigation

On October 30, 2018, the Illinois Attorney General and the State’s Attorney of DuPage County, Illinois, sued Sterigenics U.S., LLC (the “IAG Action”), alleging that authorized EO air emissions from a commercial sterilization facility Sterigenics formerly operated in Willowbrook, Illinois “cause, threaten, or allow air pollution”

 

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in violation of the Illinois Environmental Protection Act. The IAG Action did not assert that Sterigenics violated its permit from the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) authorizing Sterigenics’ release of regulated levels of EO at the Willowbrook facility.

On February 15, 2019, the acting IEPA director, John Kim, issued a “Seal Order” effectively precluding Sterigenics’ operations at the Willowbrook facility based on many of the same allegations asserted in the IAG Action. Sterigenics disputed those allegations and opposed the IEPA’s Seal Order. The Seal Order was resolved by a Consent Order entered on September 6, 2019. The Consent Order provided that Sterigenics did not admit the allegations of the IAG Action, provided for the removal of the Seal Order and allowed the Willowbrook facility to reopen upon implementation of supplemental emissions control measures consistent with a new law that became effective in Illinois in June 2019 and an IEPA permit, which the IEPA approved in September 2019. Following entry of the Consent Order, the Seal Order was withdrawn.

On September 30, 2019, Sterigenics announced the closure of the Willowbrook facility due to the inability to reach an agreement with its landlord to renew the facility’s lease and the unstable legislative and regulatory landscape in Illinois. Sterigenics is in the process of decommissioning the facility and completing the work required by the terms of its lease to return the property to the landlord.

Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation - Illinois

Since September 2018, tort lawsuits on behalf of approximately 835 personal injury plaintiffs (which are further described in the following paragraphs) have been filed in Illinois state courts against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC, GTCR, LLC and other parties related to Sterigenics’ Willowbrook, Illinois operations. Specifically, those plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries including cancer and other diseases, or wrongful death, resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from the Willowbrook facility. Plaintiffs seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. We deny these allegations and intend to vigorously defend against these claims. Plaintiffs have voluntarily dismissed without prejudice a number of cases since September 2018, including certain individual cases alleging personal injuries and two class actions seeking damages for alleged diminution of property values.

Sterigenics sought consolidation of certain of these cases for pretrial purposes, and in October 2019 obtained an order consolidating the then-pending cases before Judge Lawler in the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (the “Consolidated Case”). All plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case filed a single Master Complaint on October 24, 2019 by which Sotera Health LLC was added as a co-defendant, followed by a First Amended Master Complaint on January 31, 2020. On April 28, 2020, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the claims in the First Amended Master Complaint. On August 17, 2020, the Court entered an order largely denying the motions to dismiss, and the same day plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Master Complaint.

On August 17, 2020, the plaintiffs sought and received leave of Court to add as defendants Griffith Foods Group, Inc., Griffith Foods, Inc., Griffith Foods International, Inc. and Griffith Foods Worldwide Inc. Plaintiffs are expected to file a Third Amended Master Complaint, adding those defendants, before the end of 2020.

On or about August 21, 2020, approximately 768 personal injury plaintiffs filed similar lawsuits against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC, GTCR, LLC and other parties in the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (but not in the existing Consolidated Case) and in the DuPage County Circuit Court. Defendants’ motions to transfer, reassign and consolidate the newly filed cases with the above described Consolidated Case in the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois were granted on October 2, 2020 and October 9, 2020.

There is currently no date set for the defendants to answer or otherwise respond to these newly filed cases. Written and deposition fact discovery is on-going in the Consolidated Case. Currently, there are no dates set for the close of fact discovery, for expert discovery or for dispositive motion practice. Plaintiffs have not yet made any specific damages claims.

 

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A May 3, 2021 trial date has been set for Kamuda v. Sterigenics, the first-filed of the individual cases now included in the Consolidated Case, which is the first scheduled trial in these proceedings. Four additional cases now included in the Consolidated Case are currently scheduled for trials starting in June, August, September and November 2021. We anticipate that additional trials will be scheduled after 2021 in roughly the order in which the individual cases were filed.

Additional personal injury and property devaluation lawsuits may be filed in the future against Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC relating to Sterigenics’ Willowbrook facility or other EO sterilization facilities. Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC intend to defend themselves vigorously in all such EO tort litigation.

Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation - Georgia

On May 19, 2020, a lawsuit against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties was filed in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia by 53 employees of a contract sterilization customer of Sterigenics. Plaintiffs claim personal injuries resulting from alleged exposure to residual ethylene oxide while working at the customer’s distribution center in Lithia Springs, Georgia and seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. Motions to dismiss were filed by all defendants in August 2020. A hearing will be held on November 16, 2020 on the motions to dismiss filed by Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC; no hearing has yet been scheduled on the other defendants’ motions to dismiss. All defendants are being defended and indemnified by Sterigenics’ contract sterilization customer (plaintiffs’ employer).

In May 2020, the Cobb County, Georgia Board of Tax Assessors reduced certain residential property value assessments around the Sterigenics Atlanta facility by 10% citing an “Epd-identified environmental issue,” without supporting market data. On August 14, 2020, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed a lawsuit against members of the Cobb County Board of Tax Assessors in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, seeking a declaration that the reduction in property value assessments is arbitrary and unlawful and is causing Sterigenics reputational and imminent economic harm. The court has stayed the action pending its decision concerning Sterigenics’ standing to bring the lawsuit. That issue has been fully briefed and was argued on September 29, 2020. Additional briefing by the parties on the issue of the court’s discretionary jurisdiction under the Declaratory Judgment Act was filed on October 21, 2020.

Since August 17, 2020, five lawsuits against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties have been filed by plaintiffs in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia and the State Court of Gwinnett County, Georgia in which plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries and loss of consortium resulting from emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility. We are also defendants in a lawsuit alleging that our Atlanta facility has devalued and harmed the plaintiffs’ use of a real property they own in Smyrna, Georgia. In both instances, plaintiffs seek damages in amounts to be determined by the trier of fact.

Additional personal injury and property devaluation lawsuits may be filed in the future against Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC relating to Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility or other EO sterilization facilities. Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC intend to defend themselves vigorously in all such EO tort litigation.

Suspension of Georgia Facility Operations & Related Litigation

On August 7, 2019, Sterigenics U.S., LLC entered into a voluntary Consent Order with the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (“EPD”) under which Sterigenics agreed to install emissions reduction enhancements at its Atlanta facility to further reduce the facility’s EO emissions below already permitted levels. Sterigenics voluntarily suspended operations at the facility in early September 2019 to expedite completion of the enhancements. Installation of these enhancements is complete, and Sterigenics successfully tested the enhanced emissions controls in cooperation with EPD during the second quarter of 2020 while the facility was in operation.

In October 2019, while Sterigenics had voluntarily suspended the facility’s operations, Cobb County, Georgia officials asserted that the facility had an incorrect “certificate of occupancy” and could not resume operations without obtaining a new certificate of occupancy after a third-party code compliance review they required.

 

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After the Cobb County officials would not allow Sterigenics to resume operations, on March 30, 2020, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia against Cobb County, Georgia and Cobb County officials Nicholas Dawe and Kevin Gobble. In the lawsuit, Sterigenics sought immediate injunctive relief and permanent declaratory relief to resume normal operations of the Atlanta facility in the interest of public health and on the basis that the positions asserted by Cobb County were unfounded. On April 1, 2020 the Court entered a Temporary Restraining Order prohibiting Cobb County officials from precluding or interfering with the facility’s normal operations. On April 8, 2020, the Court entered a Consent Order extending the Temporary Restraining Order and allowing the facility to continue normal operations until entry of a final judgment in the case. On June 24, 2020 Sterigenics filed an amended complaint, and on July 22, 2020 defendants filed a motion to dismiss the claims. The Court has scheduled a November 9, 2020 hearing on the motion to dismiss. No trial date has been set.

*                    *                     *

We carry insurance for alleged environmental liabilities (including personal injury litigation like that pending in Illinois and Georgia described above), with limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate. The per occurrence limit related to the Willowbrook government and EO tort litigations was fully utilized by June 30, 2020. We have not provided for a contingency reserve in connection with these claims.

While we intend to vigorously defend the Illinois and Georgia personal injury and property devaluation proceedings described above and any other claims relating to our EO sterilization facilities, we are not able to predict the outcome of any litigation and there can be no assurance that we will be successful. We are unable to predict the incidence or outcome of such litigation or to reasonably estimate the possible range of any losses that could be incurred. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Zoetermeer, Holland Criminal Proceedings and Criminal Financial Investigation

In early 2010, the Dutch Public Prosecution Service started criminal proceedings against DEROSS Holding B.V. (“DEROSS B.V.”), formerly known as Sterigenics Holland B.V., in relation to certain EO emissions and alleged environmental permit violations in the period from 2004 to 2009 at its Zoetermeer processing facility. On the basis of the final indictment issued in April 2017, assuming a rarely applied increasing mechanism is not applied in this case, fines in the amount of €0.8 million ($0.9 million USD) may be imposed.

In November 2010, the Public Prosecution Service also started a criminal financial investigation against DEROSS B.V. to determine whether it has obtained illegal advantages by committing the alleged criminal offenses noted above. Any illegally obtained advantage could then be recovered from DEROSS B.V. in subsequent confiscation proceedings. According to the October 2013 report of this criminal financial investigation, the Public Prosecution Service estimates the illegally obtained advantage by DEROSS B.V. to be in the amount of €0.6 million ($0.7 million USD).

In January 2018, the trial in first instance took place in the criminal case against DEROSS B.V., and in February 2018, the court discharged DEROSS B.V. from further prosecution on one of the two counts asserted and acquitted DEROSS B.V. on the other count. In March 2018, the public prosecutor filed an appeal against the favorable judgment in first instance for DEROSS B.V., as well as the favorable judgments in first instance for the two individuals overseeing environmental compliance during the time period of the alleged claims and the municipality of Zoetermeer. The appeal procedure is pending.

DEROSS B.V. has agreed to defend and indemnify the two individuals overseeing environmental compliance during the time period of the alleged claims by the Public Prosecutor. Assuming a rarely applied increasing mechanism is not applied in this case, the possible monetary penalties relating to the individuals currently are estimated at a maximum of €0.2 million ($0.2 million USD).

 

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In 2011, former shareholders established an escrow account to satisfy indemnity claims for losses resulting from governmental claims related to this matter, including those relating to environmental law violations, financial advantage claims, as well as criminal and civil fines and penalties. The balance of the special escrow at December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2020, was approximately $2.1 million and the cash collateral held by ABN Amro to provide security for the claims against us was approximately €2.4 million ($2.7 million as of June 30, 2020). These amounts are available to satisfy claims relating to the ongoing matter through its anticipated resolution. At this time, we expect that the appeal of this matter will likely take several years to resolve, barring unforeseen delays. However, we believe the indemnification receivable continues to be recoverable and plan to ensure escrow funds remain in place to cover outcomes of an appeal.

It is possible that individuals living in the vicinity of our former Zoetermeer facility may file civil claims at some time in the future. While we have received letters from a small number of individuals claiming to live or work in the vicinity of the Zoetermeer facility, no civil claims have been filed against DEROSS B.V. or us. We have not provided for a contingency reserve in connection with any civil claims as we are unable to determine the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome and no reasonable estimate of a loss or range of losses, if any, can be made. During 2011, we purchased a ten-year environmental insurance claims-made policy to provide coverage for future civil claims from individuals related to this matter.

 

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MANAGEMENT AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Directors and Executive Officers

The following table sets forth the name, age and position of individuals who will serve as directors and executive officers of our company. The following also includes certain information regarding our directors and executive officers’ individual experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, and a brief statement of those aspects of our directors’ backgrounds that led us to conclude that they should serve as directors.

 

Name

  Age     

Position

Michael B. Petras, Jr.

    53      Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Scott J. Leffler

    45      Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Michael (Mike) P. Rutz

    49      President of Sterigenics

Matthew J. Klaben

    51      Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Sean L. Cunningham

    45      Director

David A. Donnini

    55      Director

Stephanie Geveda

    41      Director

Ann R. Klee

    59      Director

Constantine S. Mihas

    53      Director

James C. Neary

    55      Director

Michael B. Petras, Jr. has served as our Chief Executive Officer since June 2016, as the Chairman of our board of directors since October 2020, as the Chairman of Topco Parent’s board of managers since January 2019 and as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers since June 2016. Prior to joining Sotera Health, Mr. Petras served as chief executive officer of Post-Acute Solutions at Cardinal Health, Inc., a multinational healthcare services company, from 2015 to 2016 and chief executive officer of Cardinal Health at-Home at Cardinal Health, Inc. from 2013 to 2015. From 2011 to 2013, he was the chief executive officer for AssuraMed Holdings, Inc., a medical products supplier owned by the Clayton, Dubilier & Rice and Goldman Sachs private equity firms, which was sold to Cardinal Health, Inc. in 2013. From 2008 to 2011, Mr. Petras was president and chief executive officer at GE Lighting, a General Electric Company (“GE”) business unit. During his over 20 year career at GE, he held several management positions in multiple disciplines. Mr. Petras holds a B.S.B.A. in finance from John Carroll University and an M.B.A. in marketing from Case Western Reserve University. He was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his perspective as our Chief Executive Officer as well as his extensive commercial, financial and general management experience across many global industries.

Scott J. Leffler has served as our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since April 2017. Prior to joining Sotera Health, Mr. Leffler served as chief financial officer at Exal Corporation (now known as Trivium Packaging), a specialty manufacturer of aluminum containers, from September 2016 to March 2017. From September 2008 to September 2016, he held various positions including vice president and treasurer at PolyOne Corporation (now known as Avient), a formulator of specialty chemicals. Prior to that, he served in corporate treasury at Novelis Incorporated, a manufacturer of rolled aluminum. Mr. Leffler holds a B.A. in economics and history from Yale University and an M.B.A. from Emory University. He is a certified public accountant (inactive) and a certified treasury professional (inactive).

Michael (Mike) P. Rutz has served as President of Sterigenics since October 2020. Prior to that, Mr. Rutz was Chief Operating Officer of Sterigenics from May 2020 to October 2020. Prior to joining Sotera Health, he was senior vice president and general manager of the Semiconductor Business Unit at Littlefuse, Inc., a multinational electronic manufacturing company, where he was responsible for leading sales, marketing, product development, operations and business development for power and protection based semiconductor products. Mr. Rutz joined Littlefuse in 2014 as senior vice president of global operations, overseeing the company’s manufacturing, procurement, planning, quality, and operational excellence initiatives. Prior to joining the Littlefuse, Mr. Rutz served as senior vice president global supply chain at WMS Gaming, a Chicago-based

 

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manufacturer of equipment and software for the gaming industry. Mr. Rutz also spent 16 years with Motorola in the paging, cellular and networking groups, most recently as vice president, networks supply chain. Mr. Rutz holds a Bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Michigan and Master’s degrees in mechanical engineering and management from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Matthew J. Klaben has served as our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since November 2016. Prior to joining Sotera Health, he was the vice president, general counsel and secretary of Chart Industries, Inc., a diversified global manufacturer of highly engineered equipment servicing multiple market applications in energy and industrial gas in Cleveland, Ohio from 2006 to 2016. Prior to that, he was a partner at Calfee, Halter & Griswold LLP, a law firm in Cleveland, Ohio. Mr. Klaben holds a B.A. in international relations and German from Canisius College, a Fulbright Certificate from the University of Bonn (Germany) and a J.D. from Cornell Law School.

Sean L. Cunningham has served as a member of our board of directors since October 2020 and as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers since 2015. Mr. Cunningham joined GTCR in 2001 and is currently a managing director of the firm. Prior to joining GTCR, he worked as a consultant with The Boston Consulting Group. Mr. Cunningham currently is a director of several private companies. He holds A.B. and B.E. degrees in engineering sciences from Dartmouth College and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. He was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his wide range of experience overseeing and assessing the performance of companies in our industry, decades-long investment practice and extensive knowledge of strategy and business development.

David A. Donnini has served as a member of our board of directors since October 2020 and as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers since 2015. Mr. Donnini joined GTCR in 1991 and is currently a managing director of the firm. Prior to joining GTCR, he worked as an associate consultant at Bain & Company. He leads GTCR’s business services efforts. He is currently a director of several private companies. Mr. Donnini holds a B.A. in economics, summa cum laude, from Yale University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University, where he was an Arjay Miller Scholar and Robichek Finance Award winner. He was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his significant financial and investment experience, wide-ranging experience as a director and deep familiarity with our company.

Stephanie Geveda has served as a member of our board of directors since October 2020 and as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers since 2015. Ms. Geveda is a managing director and head of Business Services at Warburg Pincus. Ms. Geveda joined Warburg Pincus in 2010 and has worked in the private equity industry for eighteen years. Prior to joining Warburg Pincus, Ms. Geveda worked as an investment professional at Silver Lake Partners, Fox Paine & Company and J.P. Morgan Partners, where she focused on private equity transactions including leveraged buyouts, growth equity and venture investment opportunities across a wide range of industries. She began her career working in Morgan Stanley’s Investment Banking Division where she advised companies focused on mergers, acquisitions and restructuring transactions. She currently serves on the board of directors of several private companies. She holds a B.B.A., summa cum laude, in finance and economics from the University of Notre Dame and an M.B.A. from the Harvard Business School, where she graduated as a George F. Baker Scholar. She was selected to serve on our board of directors because of her extensive knowledge of strategy and business development, wide-ranging experience as a director and deep familiarity with our company.

Ann R. Klee has served as a member of our board of directors since October 2020 and as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers since May 2020. Since February 2020, Ms. Klee has served as the executive vice president, Business Development & External Affairs at Suffolk Construction, a construction contracting company. Prior to that, she was the vice president, Environmental Health & Safety at General Electric, a multinational conglomerate, from February 2008 to September 2019, and the vice president, Boston Development & Operations at GE from January 2016 to September 2019. At GE, she was also the president of the GE Foundation from August 2015 to September 2019, where she oversaw the company’s $140 million annual

 

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charitable contributions. She was a partner at Crowell & Moring in Washington, D.C. from 2006 to 2007, where she served as co-chair of the firm’s Environment and Natural Resources Group. Prior to Crowell & Moring, she served as general counsel to the USEPA, as counselor and special assistant to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Interior and as chief counsel to the U.S. Senate’s Environment and Public Works Committee. Ms. Klee is currently a director at Wabtec Corporation. She holds a B.A. in Classics from Swarthmore College and a J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School. She was selected to serve on our board of directors because of her extensive experience as an environmental lawyer managing complex litigation, and for her expertise in environmental law, regulation and policy and corporate ESG matters.

Constantine S. Mihas has served as a member of our board of directors since October 2020 and as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers since 2015. Mr. Mihas joined GTCR in 2001 and is currently a managing director of the firm. Prior to joining GTCR, Mr. Mihas was chief executive officer and co-founder of Delray Farms, a specialty food retailer. Prior to Delray Farms, he was with McKinsey & Company. Mr. Mihas leads the Healthcare group at GTCR and has been instrumental in building the firm’s expertise in life sciences and medical devices. He is currently a director of several private companies. Mr. Mihas holds a B.S. with high distinction in finance and economics from the University of Illinois, Chicago and an M.B.A. with distinction from the Harvard Business School. He was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his significant financial and investment experience, wide-ranging experience as a director and deep familiarity with our company.

James C. Neary has served as a member of our board of directors since October 2020 and as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers since 2015. Mr. Neary is a managing director and partner at Warburg Pincus and joined the firm in 2000. Mr. Neary is head of the firm’s industrial and business services group and co-head of the firm’s healthcare group as well as a member of the investment management group and the executive management group. From 2010 to 2013, he led the firm’s late-stage efforts in the technology and business services sectors. From 2004 to 2010, he was co-head of the firm’s technology, media, and telecommunications investment efforts. Mr. Neary is the chairman of the board of directors of Endurance International Group Holdings, Inc. and serves on the board of directors of WEX Inc. and several private companies. He holds a B.A. in economics and political science from Tufts University and an M.B.A. from the J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University, where he was the Eugene Lerner Finance Scholar. He was selected to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive knowledge of strategy and business development, wide-ranging experience as a director and deep familiarity with our company.

Our Board of Directors

Board Composition

Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors. Our board of directors currently consists of              members. The current members of our board of directors were elected in compliance with the provisions of a stockholders’ agreement among our company and certain holders of our common stock. See “Related Person Transactions—Stockholders’ Agreement.” In particular, investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus designated Ms. Geveda, Mr. Neary and              , and may designate up to two additional directors, for election to our board of directors, and investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR designated Messrs. Cunningham, Donnini and Mihas for election to our board of directors. Our directors hold office until their successors have been elected and qualified or until the earlier of their resignation or removal.

In accordance with the terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, our board of directors will be divided into three classes, each of whose members will serve for staggered three year terms. Upon the closing of this offering, the members of the classes will be divided as follows:

 

   

the class I directors will be             ,              and             , and their term will expire at the first annual meeting of stockholders held after the closing of this offering;

 

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the class II directors will be             ,              and             , and their term will expire at the second annual meeting of stockholders held after the closing of this offering; and

 

   

the class III directors will be             ,              and             , and their term will expire at the third annual meeting of stockholders held after the closing of this offering.

Our Stockholders’ Agreement provides that investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus will be entitled to designate up to:

 

   

five directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 80% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering;

 

   

four directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 60% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering;

 

   

three directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 40% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering;

 

   

two directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 20% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering; and

 

   

one director for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 6 2/3% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering.

In addition, our Stockholders’ Agreement provides that investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR will be entitled to designate up to:

 

   

three directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR hold 70% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering;

 

   

two directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR hold 40% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering; and

 

   

one director for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR hold 10% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by our board of directors, subject to the rights of any holders of any series of our preferred stock; provided that, without the consent of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, the authorized number of directors may not exceed eleven as long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR are entitled to designate at least one director. Any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-third of the directors. This classification of our board of directors may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in our control or management.

In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that our directors may be removed only for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the votes that all our stockholders would be entitled to cast in an annual election of directors; provided that for so long as investment

 

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funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, hold at least a majority of our outstanding capital stock, a director designated by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively, may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding capital stock and with the consent of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively.

Upon the expiration of the term of a class of directors, directors in that class will be eligible to be elected for a new three-year term at the annual meeting stockholders in the year in which their term expires. An election of our directors by our stockholders will be determined by a plurality of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled to vote on the election.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not provide for cumulative voting in the election of directors, which means that the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock (i.e., our Sponsors) can elect all of the directors standing for election, and the holders of the remaining shares are not able to elect any directors, subject to their rights under our Stockholders’ Agreement discussed above.

Controlled Company

After the completion of this offering, the Sponsors will control a majority of our outstanding shares of our common stock. As a result, we may be considered a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq rules. Under the Nasdaq rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain Nasdaq corporate governance standards, including:

 

   

the requirement that a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors;

 

   

the requirement that our director nominations be made, or recommended to the full board of directors, by our independent directors or by a nominations committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities;

 

   

the requirement that we have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and

 

   

the requirement for an annual performance evaluation of the nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees.

These requirements would not apply to us as long as we remain a “controlled company.” Although we may qualify as a “controlled company” upon completion of this offering, we do not expect to rely on this exemption and intend to fully comply with all corporate governance requirements under the Nasdaq corporate governance standards. However, if we were to utilize some or all of these exemptions, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the Nasdaq rules regarding corporate governance.

The “controlled company” exception does not modify the independence requirements for the audit committee, and we intend to comply with the audit committee requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and the Nasdaq rules. Pursuant to such rules, we are required to have at least one independent director on our audit committee during the 90-day period beginning on the date of effectiveness of the registration statement filed with the SEC in connection with this offering. After such 90-day period and until one year from the date of effectiveness of the registration statement, we are required to have a majority of independent directors on our audit committee. Thereafter, our audit committee is required to be comprised entirely of independent directors.

Director Independence

Our board of directors has undertaken a review of the independence of each director. Based on information provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, including family

 

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relationships, our board of directors has determined that                 do not have relationships that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director and that each of these directors is “independent” as that term is defined under the listing standards of the Nasdaq. In making these determinations, our board of directors considered the current and prior relationships that each director has with our company and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each director, and the transactions involving them described in the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.”

Committees of the Board of Directors

Upon completion of this offering, we will have an audit committee, a compensation committee, a nominating and corporate governance committee and a Nordion pricing committee. The composition and responsibilities of each of the committees of our board of directors are described below. Members serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by our board of directors. Our board of directors may establish other committees as it deems necessary or appropriate from time to time. Each committee will operate under a written charter, which will be available on our website at the closing of this offering.

Audit Committee

The audit committee’s main purpose is to oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes, our relationship with our independent auditors, our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and our enterprise risk management program.

In carrying out this purpose, the audit committee will:

 

   

oversee the design, implementation, adequacy and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, system of internal controls over financial accounting, internal audit function and the preparation and audits of our consolidated financial statements;

 

   

appoint our independent auditors annually, review the annual audit plan, approve audit and pre-approve any non-audit related services provided to us, evaluate their qualifications and performance and ensure their independence;

 

   

oversee procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints about accounting, internal accounting controls or audit matters, and for the confidential and anonymous submission by employees concerning such matters;

 

   

review and approve or ratify, in accordance with our policies, all related party transactions as defined by applicable rules and regulations;

 

   

oversee legal and regulatory matters and review and approve the adequacy and effectiveness of our compliance policies and procedures, including the Global Code of Conduct;

 

   

approve the annual internal audit plan and budget, review with the internal audit executive the results of the audit work at least annually and more frequently as provided in the policy for reporting financial accounting and auditing concerns, as approved by the committee and at least annually review the performance of the internal audit team; and

 

   

oversee company policies and practices with respect to financial risk assessment and risk management.

The members of the audit committee are                (chair), Ms. Klee and Ms. Geveda. Upon effectiveness of the registration statement,                  will be “independent,” as defined under the Nasdaq rules and Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act. Our board of directors has determined that each director appointed to the audit committee is financially literate, and the board has determined that                is a financial expert. Our board of directors determined that             , who is a member of our audit committee, does not satisfy applicable independence

 

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standards for audit committee membership because of the equity ownership in our company held by investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus, of which                 is a managing director, but determined that                 will be permitted to remain on the audit committee for a period of up to one year after this offering in accordance with the phase-in period under the Nasdaq rules.

Compensation Committee

The compensation committee’s main purpose is to oversee the compensation of our directors and employees, including our chief executive officer and other executive officers, and related matters.

In carrying out this purpose, the compensation committee will:

 

   

review and approve corporate goals relevant to compensation and evaluate the performance of our chief executive officer and other executive officers against those goals;

 

   

determine the compensation of our chief executive officer and other executive officers based on their evaluations;

 

   

administer, or, when applicable, make recommendations to our board of directors with respect to, our performance- and incentive-based compensation and equity-based plans;

 

   

evaluate any applicable post-service arrangements for our chief executive officer and other executive officers;

 

   

review on a periodic basis the operation and structure of our compensation program, considering our business strategy and relative competitiveness against the market;

 

   

advise the board of directors with respect to our board of directors or committee compensation;

 

   

review and discuss with management any “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” section proposed for inclusion in our SEC filings; and

 

   

oversee short-term and long-term management succession planning and leadership assessment and development.

The members of the compensation committee are Mr. Neary (chair) and Mr. Mihas. Upon effectiveness of the registration statement, each of Mr. Neary and Mr. Mihas will be “independent,” as defined under the Nasdaq rules. Because we may be considered a “controlled company” under the Nasdaq rules, our compensation committee may not be required to be fully independent, although if such rules change in the future or we no longer meet the definition of a controlled company under the current rules and the committee was not then fully independent, we would be required to adjust the composition of the compensation committee as and if necessary in order to comply with such rules.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The nominating and corporate governance committee’s main purpose is to identify and evaluate individuals qualified to become board members, consistent with criteria approved by the board and to recommend for the board’s approval the slate of nominees to be proposed to stockholders for election to the board, develop and recommend to the board for approval a set of corporate governance guidelines and lead the annual review of the performance of the board and each of its standing committees.

In carrying out this purpose, the nominating and corporate governance committee will:

 

   

evaluate the composition, size, organization, performance and governance of the board and each of its committees, and make recommendations to the board about the appointment of directors to committees of the board;

 

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develop policies for considering director nominees for election to the board and establish requisite qualification requirements, including director independence determinations; and

 

   

ensure compliance with the corporate governance guidelines and review and recommend any changes to the board on an annual basis.

The members of the nominating and corporate governance committee are Ms. Klee (chair),                 and                 . Upon effectiveness of the registration statement, each of Ms. Klee,             and             will be “independent,” as defined under the Nasdaq rules. Because we may be considered a “controlled company” under the Nasdaq rules, our nominating and corporate governance committee may not be required to be fully independent, although if such rules change in the future or we no longer meet the definition of a controlled company under the current rules and the committee was not then fully independent, we would be required to adjust the composition of the nominating and corporate governance committee as and if necessary in order to comply with such rules.

Nordion Pricing Committee

The Nordion pricing committee is responsible for overseeing matters related to Nordion’s pricing that require review of sensitive or confidential customer information. The main purpose this committee is to prevent confidential information relating to Nordion’s customers from being shared with individuals who are involved in the day-to-day operations of Sterigenics. The members of the Nordion pricing committee are Mr. Cunningham and Ms. Geveda.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

None of the members of our compensation committee is or has been an officer or employee of our company. None of our executive officers currently serves, or in the past year has served, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee (or other board committee performing equivalent functions) of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our board of directors or compensation committee.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

Prior to the completion of this offering, our board of directors will adopt procedures and policies to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules adopted by the SEC and the Nasdaq, including a code of business conduct and ethics applicable to all our employees, including our chief executive officer, chief financial officer and other executive and senior financial officers and all persons performing similar functions. Upon completion of this offering, our code of conduct and ethics will be available on our website. We intend to disclose any amendments to the code, or any waivers of its requirements, on our website to the extent required by the applicable U.S. federal securities laws and the corporate governance rules of the Nasdaq.

Non-Employee Director Compensation

2019 Non-Employee Director Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information regarding compensation earned by or paid to each person who served as a non-employee member of Topco Parent’s board of managers during 2019. In 2019, we did not pay any compensation to any person who served as a non-employee member of Topco Parent’s board of managers who is affiliated with the Sponsors, and, except as otherwise described below, we did not pay any fees to, make any equity awards or non-equity awards to, or pay any other compensation to any of the other non-employee members of Topco Parent’s board of managers. We reimburse members of Topco Parent’s board of managers for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with their service to the board of managers and covered such expenses in 2019. Mr. Petras, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, receives no compensation for his service as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers, and is not included in this table. The compensation received by Mr. Petras as an employee is presented in the “Summary Compensation Table for the Year Ended December 31, 2019” in the “Executive Compensation” section of this prospectus.

 

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Name

   Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash ($)
     All Other
Compensation ($)
     Total ($)  

James C. Neary

     —          —          —    

Stephanie Geveda

     —          —          —    

David A. Donnini

     —          —          —    

Constantine S. Mihas

     —          —          —    

Sean L. Cunningham

     —          —          —    

Michael Mulhern(1)

   $ 100,000        —        $ 100,000  

 

(1)

Mr. Mulhern served as our Chief Executive Officer from July 2011 to June 2016. Upon his retirement as our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Mulhern agreed to continue to serve as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers. For this service, he receives an annual cash retainer in the amount of $100,000. As of December 31, 2019, Mr. Mulhern had 1,035,311 unvested Class B-1 Units (as defined below) outstanding. His Class B-1 Units fully vested as of May 15, 2020. Mr. Mulhern will not be a member of our board of directors following this offering.

Ann Klee became a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers in May 2020. She is entitled to receive an annual cash retainer of $40,000 as remuneration for her service to the company. In addition, Ms. Klee received a grant of 300,000 Class B-1 Units which vest on a daily basis pro rata over the first five anniversaries following May 27, 2020, subject to Ms. Klee’s continued service on our board of directors through each such date.

Non-Employee Director Compensation Program

We intend to adopt a non-employee director compensation policy, which will become effective in connection with this offering. Under this policy, non-employee members of our board of directors will be eligible to receive both cash compensation and equity compensation for service on our board of directors and committees of our board of directors, as well as reimbursement for certain business expenses. The terms of this policy have not yet been determined.

 

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Overview

Our “Named Executive Officers,” consisting of our principal executive officer and our two most highly compensated executive officers (other than our principal executive officer), as of December 31, 2019, were:

 

   

Michael B. Petras, Jr., our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

 

   

Scott J. Leffler, our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

 

   

Matthew J. Klaben, our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Summary Compensation Table for the Year Ended December 31, 2019

The following table presents summary information regarding the total compensation that was awarded to, earned by or paid to our Named Executive Officers during the year ended December 31, 2019:

 

Name and principal position

   Year      Salary ($) (1)      Bonus ($) (2)      Non-equity
incentive plan
compensation ($) (3)
     All other
compensation
($) (4)
     Total ($)  
Michael B. Petras, Jr.
Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer
     2019      $ 700,000      $ 1,000,000      $ 759,500      $ 12,600      $ 2,472,100  
Scott J. Leffler
Chief Financial Officer
and Treasurer
     2019      $ 352,135      $ 1,650,000      $ 229,240      $ 12,600      $ 2,243,975  
Matthew J. Klaben
Senior Vice President,
General Counsel and Secretary
     2019      $ 367,221      $ 350,000      $ 162,562      $ 12,600      $ 892,383  

 

(1)

Includes the value of each Named Executive Officer’s base salary during the fiscal year covered.

(2)

Includes the value of one time discretionary cash bonuses for members of management relating to capital markets activity in 2019. Such bonuses were approved by the board of managers of Topco Parent. In addition, for Mr. Leffler, includes the value of a $1,500,000 retention bonus to which he was entitled under the terms of his CFO Bonus Agreement (as defined below) with the company, which was paid on the first ordinary payroll date following November 18, 2019. See “Employment Agreements—Retention Agreement with Mr. Scott J. Leffler.”

(3)

Includes the value of annual cash incentive awards paid under the Sotera Health Annual Incentive Plan. See “Annual Incentive Plan.”

(4)

Includes the value of company contributions made on behalf of our Named Executive Officers under our 401(k) Plan (as defined below). See “Retirement Plans.”

Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table

Employment Agreements

Employment Agreement with Mr. Michael B. Petras, Jr.

Mr. Petras is a party to an employment agreement with our company (the “CEO Employment Agreement”) dated May 25, 2016, pursuant to which he serves as our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and as a member of Topco Parent’s board of managers. Under the terms of the CEO Employment Agreement, Mr. Petras’ initial annual base salary in connection with his appointment as CEO was set at $700,000, less applicable withholding taxes, and is subject to review annually by Topco Parent’s board of managers for a possible increase. See “Summary Compensation Table for the Year Ended December 31, 2019” for information on Mr. Petras’ base salary paid in 2019. Mr. Petras is also eligible to receive an annual bonus based on his attainment of one or more

 

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pre-established performance criteria established by Topco Parent’s board of managers, with his annual target bonus opportunity equal to 100% of his then-current annual base salary.

We intend to enter into a new employment agreement with Mr. Petras, effective as of the completion of this offering, which will replace his existing employment agreement (the “Amended and Restated CEO Employment Agreement”). Under the Amended and Restated CEO Employment Agreement, Mr. Petras will be eligible to receive certain payments and benefits in the event of a termination of his employment by us without “cause” or a termination of employment by him for “good reason” (as each of these terms will be defined in the Amended and Restated CEO Employment Agreement), which are described in greater detail under “Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control.”

Employment Agreement with Mr. Scott J. Leffler

Mr. Leffler is a party to an employment agreement with our company (the “CFO Employment Agreement”) dated April 3, 2017, pursuant to which he serves as our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”).

Under the terms of the CFO Employment Agreement, Mr. Leffler’s initial annual base salary in connection with his appointment as CFO was set at $340,000, less applicable withholding taxes, and is subject to review by Topco Parent’s board of managers from time to time for a possible adjustment. See “Summary Compensation Table for the Year Ended December 31, 2019” for information on Mr. Leffler’s base salary paid in 2019. Mr. Leffler is also eligible to receive an annual bonus based on his attainment of one or more pre-established performance criteria established by Topco Parent’s board of managers, with his annual target bonus opportunity equal to 60% of his then-current annual base salary.

Under the CFO Employment Agreement, Mr. Leffler is eligible to receive certain payments and benefits in the event of a termination of his employment by us without “cause” or a termination of employment by him for “good reason” (as each of these terms is defined in the CFO Employment Agreement), which are described in greater detail under “Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control” below.

Retention Agreement with Mr. Scott J. Leffler

Mr. Leffler is a party to a bonus agreement with our company dated as of November 18, 2019 (the “CFO Bonus Agreement”). Pursuant to the CFO Bonus Agreement, on the first ordinary payroll date following November 18, 2019, Mr. Leffler received a cash bonus of $1,500,000 (less applicable tax withholdings) in consideration for his agreement to continue active employment with us through November 18, 2021 (the “Retention Date”). If prior to the Retention Date, Mr. Leffler terminates his employment with us without “good reason” (as described below in “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control,” but excluding a termination due to Mr. Leffler’s death or disability), Mr. Leffler is obligated to repay to us, on a pre-tax basis, the full amount of the retention bonus.

Employment Agreement with Mr. Matthew J. Klaben

Mr. Klaben is a party to an employment agreement with our company (the “SVP & GC Employment Agreement”) dated December 12, 2016, pursuant to which he serves as our Senior Vice President and General Counsel (“SVP & GC”).

Under the terms of the SVP & GC Employment Agreement, Mr. Klaben’s initial annual base salary in connection with his appointment as SVP & GC was set at $345,000, less applicable withholding taxes, and is subject to review by Topco Parent’s board of managers from time to time for a possible adjustment. See “Summary Compensation Table for the Year Ended December 31, 2019” for information on Mr. Klaben’s base salary paid in 2019. Mr. Klaben is also eligible to receive an annual bonus based on his attainment of one or more pre-established performance criteria established by Topco Parent’s board of managers, with his annual target bonus opportunity equal to 40% of his then-current annual base salary.

 

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Under the SVP & GC Employment Agreement, Mr. Klaben is eligible to receive certain payments and benefits in the event of a termination of his employment by us without “cause” or a termination of employment by him for “good reason” (as each of these terms is defined in the SVP & GC Employment Agreement), which are described in greater detail under “Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control” below.

Base Salary

We provide each Named Executive Officer with a base salary for the services that the executive officer performs for us. This compensation component constitutes a stable element of compensation while other compensation elements are variable. Base salaries may be increased based on the individual performance of the Named Executive Officer, company performance, any change in the executive’s position within our business, the scope of his or her responsibilities and any changes thereto. Base salaries may also be increased as required under the terms of a Named Executive Officer’s employment agreement.

Annual Incentive Plan

We maintain an Annual Incentive Plan (the “Annual Incentive Plan” or “AIP”), which is designed to reward high performance, ensure employees are aligned with our mission, values and priorities and provide market competitive rewards. Our executive officers (including our Named Executive Officers) and key employees are eligible to participate in the Annual Incentive Plan. The Annual Incentive Plan is administered by Topco Parent’s board of managers with respect to our executive officers and by our CEO with respect to employees other than executive officers.

The cash incentive awards made to our Named Executive Officers under the Annual Incentive Plan are funded based on the company’s achievement of EBITDA goals set by Topco Parent’s board of managers at the beginning of the applicable performance period. The company must attain its threshold EBITDA for any payout under the Annual Incentive Plan to occur.

The funding and target metrics for our 2019 AIP are included in the below table. Our 2019 AIP company performance metric is the non-GAAP financial measure adjusted EBITDA. We believe that net income is the most comparable GAAP measure to adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA in respect of our 2019 AIP was calculated in a manner consistent with the calculation of “Consolidated EBITDA” for purposes of our credit agreement (filed herewith as Exhibit 10.10). AIP funding for performance between threshold, target and maximum goals is determined based on linear interpolation.

 

2019 EBITDA Goal (dollars in millions)

   Performance as Percentage
of Target
    AIP Funding (as % of
Target Opportunity)

Threshold $358.3

     95     75%

Target $377.1

     100   100%

Maximum $422.4

     112   Up to a maximum of 200%

For 2019, the Annual Incentive Plan was funded at 108.5% of target based on the company’s achievement of its EBITDA goals.

The total target bonus percentages for Messrs. Petras, Leffler and Klaben were 100%, 60% and 40%, respectively, of their base salaries for 2019. Individual bonus payouts for our Named Executive Officers are determined by taking into account both company performance (80% weighting) and individual performance (20% weighting). In 2019, Mr. Klaben received an upward adjustment of 110% to his individual performance target based on his performance being rated “Exceeds Expectations.” Both Mr. Petras and Mr. Leffler received 100% of their individual performance targets for 2019.

 

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The following table provides further detail about the 2019 annual bonus payout under the Annual Incentive Plan for each Named Executive Officer:

 

Name

   2019 Base
Salary
     2019 AIP Target
(expressed as %
of Base Salary)
    2019 AIP Target
Opportunity
     Actual 2019
Annual Incentive
Plan Bonus Earned
 

Michael B. Petras, Jr.

   $ 700,000        100   $ 700,000      $ 759,500  

Scott J. Leffler

   $ 352,135        60   $ 211,281      $ 229,240  

Matthew J. Klaben

   $ 367,221        40   $ 146,888      $ 162,562  

Retirement Plans

We maintain a tax-qualified 401(k) savings plan (the “401(k) Plan”), in which all our employees, including our Named Executive Officers, are eligible to participate. The 401(k) Plan allows participants to contribute up to 100% of their pay on a pre-tax basis (or on a post-tax basis, with respect to elective Roth deferrals) into individual retirement accounts, subject to the maximum annual limits set by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). We have historically made annual contributions to employee 401(k) accounts of up to 4.5% of an employee’s contributions to the 401(k) Plan. In 2019, we contributed up to $12,600 per employee. Participants are immediately fully vested in both their own contributions and our contributions to the 401(k) Plan.

Additionally, we maintain a non-qualified deferred compensation plan (the “Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan”) under which a select group of management and highly compensated employees are permitted to supplement contributions made under the 401(k) Plan by deferring up to 50% of their bonus or salary. Although permitted by the Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan, we have not previously provided matching employer contributions under this plan. Participants are immediately fully vested in the contributions to the Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan. Participants in the Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan are permitted to elect to invest their accounts in the same investment options as are available under the 401(k) Plan.

Outstanding Equity Awards as of December 31, 2019

The following table sets forth information regarding outstanding profits interests (i.e., Class B Units in Topco Parent (“Class B Units”)) held as of December 31, 2019 by each of our Named Executive Officers.

 

     Stock awards  

Name

   Number of
shares or
units of
stock that
have not
vested
(#) (1)(4)
     Market value of
shares or units
of stock that
have not
vested ($) (2)
     Equity
incentive plan
awards:
Number of
unearned
shares, units or
other rights
that have not
vested (#) (3)
     Equity incentive
plan awards:
Market or
payout value of
unearned
shares, units or
other rights
that have not
vested ($) (2)
 

Michael B. Petras, Jr. (5)

     3,773,439      $ 10,644,871        —          —    

Scott J. Leffler

     913,192      $ 2,576,115        675,000      $ 1,904,175  

Matthew J. Klaben

     421,644      $ 1,189,458        375,000      $ 1,057,875  

 

(1)

Represents unvested Class B Units in Topco Parent subject to time-based vesting requirements (“Class B-1 Units”). See footnote 4 for Class B-1 Unit vesting dates.

(2)

The Class B Units represent profit interests in Topco Parent, which will have value only if the value of Topco Parent increases following the date on which the awards of such Class B Units are granted and only after preferred return payments have been paid to the holders of Class A Units in Topco Parent and the aggregate amount of capital contributions in respect of all Class A Units have been repaid to the holders of the Class A Units. Shares of our common stock were not publicly traded as of December 31, 2019. The market value of the Class B Units included in this table represents the fair market value of units that were unvested as of December 31, 2019. See “Long-Term Equity Compensation.”

 

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(3)

Represents unvested Class B Units subject to performance-based vesting requirements (“Class B-2 Units”). These performance-based Class B Units will vest as of the date that our Sponsors receive specified levels of their invested capital in Topco Parent. See “Long-Term Equity Compensation.”

(4)

The vesting schedules of the Class B-1 Units are as follows (subject to the Named Executive Officer’s continued employment through each applicable vesting date):

 

Name

   Grant Date   

Vesting Schedule

Michael B. Petras, Jr.

   June 20, 2016    Vest on a daily basis pro rata over the first four years following June 20, 2016.

Scott J. Leffler

   April 3, 2017    Vest on a daily basis pro rata over the first five years following April 3, 2017.

Matthew J. Klaben

   November 15, 2016    Vest on a daily basis pro rata over the first five years following November 15, 2016

 

(5)

Includes Class B Units held by an estate planning trust.

Long-Term Equity Compensation

Our long-term equity compensation program is designed to provide that a portion of compensation granted to our executives and other employees is in the form of equity-based instruments. This long-term equity compensation is important to ensure that the interests of our executives and employees are aligned with those of our stockholders, therefore encouraging value-creation for both our executives and our stockholders.

Class B Units in Topco Parent. Our employees and other services providers are eligible to be granted Class B Units under the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent. Class B Units are “profits interests” having economic characteristics similar to a stock right and allow our service providers to share in the future appreciation of Topco Parent, subject to certain service-based vesting (based on continued provision of services) and performance-based vesting (based on the return achieved by our Sponsors) conditions, as described in more detail below. In making grants of Class B Units, we aim to foster a long-term commitment to us and our mission, offer a balance to the short-term cash components of our compensation program, promote retention and reinforce our pay-for-performance structure.

The Class B Units are issued pursuant to the terms of a Class B Unit award agreement between Topco Parent and each holder of Class B Units. Class B Units represent an ownership interest in Topco Parent, providing the holder with the opportunity to receive a return based on the appreciation of Topco Parent’s equity value from the date of grant after preferred return payments have been paid to the holders of Class A Units in Topco Parent and the aggregate amount of capital contributions in respect of all Class A Units have been repaid to holders of the Class A Units. The awards are structured so that if Topco Parent’s equity value were to appreciate, the holder would share in the growth in value from the date of grant solely with respect to the vested portion of the executive’s Class B Units. Grantees were not required to make any capital contribution in exchange for their Class B Units, which were awarded as compensation.

Generally, 75% of the Class B Units subject to each award are designated as Class B-1 Units and are scheduled to vest on a daily basis pro rata over a five-year period (20% per year), subject to the grantee’s continued services on each vesting date. Generally, 25% of the Class B Units subject to each award are designated as Class B-2 Units and are scheduled to vest only upon satisfaction of certain performance thresholds. These units vest as of the first date on which (i) our Sponsors have received two and one-half times their invested capital in Topco Parent and (ii) the Sponsors’ internal rate of return exceeds twenty percent, subject to such grantee’s continued services through the such date. In the event of a change in control of the company, 100% of the outstanding and unvested Class B-1 Units will automatically vest and any outstanding and unvested Class B-2 Units that do not vest as a result of the consummation of such change in control will be immediately

 

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canceled and forfeited. Our board has the discretion to allocate the portion of a Class B Unit grant between each of Class B-1 Units and Class B-2 Units and has recently made grants that consist entirely of Class B-1 Units.

In the event that a holder of Class B Units is terminated from service for any reason other than for cause (generally defined as the grantee’s (i) intentional unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential information or trade secrets, (ii) conviction of, or a plea of “guilty” or “no contest” to, a felony, (iii) engagement in any fraud, willful misconduct or gross neglect in the performance of duties or in any other willful misconduct which has directly caused a material injury to Topco Parent, its affiliates, Sponsors or any of their affiliates, (iv) willful engagement in any act or omission involving dishonesty, breach of trust, unethical business conduct or moral turpitude, (v) intentional failure to perform lawful assigned duties after receiving written notification and failing to correct such deficiencies or (vi) breach of restrictive covenants), all unvested Class B Units shall be forfeited as of such individual’s termination date. In the event that a holder of Class B Units is terminated for cause, all Class B Units shall be forfeited and cancelled for no consideration as of such individual’s termination date.

Class B Units are subject to repurchase by Topco Parent in the event that a grantee ceases to provide services to Topco Parent or any of its subsidiaries. Topco Parent may elect to repurchase all or any number of Class B Units at a purchase price equal to the fair market value of such units as of the date Topco Parent delivers written notice of the election to repurchase. Such written notice must be delivered within three hundred and sixty (360) days of the grantee’s termination date. Upon the consummation of this offering, the Class B Units shall no longer be subject to repurchase by Topco Parent.

Class B Units may not be transferred by grantees except for (i) transfers pursuant to Topco Parent’s exercise of its tag-along rights, drag-along rights or repurchase rights, (ii) transfers to which Topco Parent’s board of managers has granted prior consent and (iii) transfers made pursuant to applicable laws of descent of distribution or to a grantee’s legal guardian in the case of mental incapacity.

See the “Outstanding Equity Awards as of December 31, 2019” table above and “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” below for more information regarding the Class B Units held by our Named Executive Officers.

Treatment of Outstanding Equity Awards in Connection with the Initial Public Offering

Upon the liquidation of Topco Parent, each holder of Class B Units (including the Named Executive Officers holding any such units) will have his or her entire Class B interest in Topco Parent redeemed in full for a number of shares of our common stock determined by the value such holder would have received under the distribution provisions of the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent, with our shares of common stock valued by reference to the initial public offering price (such shares, the “Distributed Shares”). The redemption of Class B Units for Distributed Shares will not result in any accelerated vesting of such Class B Units; the Distributed Shares distributed in redemption of vested Class B Units shall be fully vested upon such distribution, and the Distributed Shares distributed in redemption of unvested Class B Units will be unvested upon such distribution, and will remain eligible to vest following the offering pursuant to the same vesting schedule as the unvested Class B Units in respect of which they are distributed. In addition to the vesting terms, each individual who receives Distributed Shares in redemption of his or her Class B Units in connection with this offering will be required to execute the stockholders’ agreement. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Stockholders’ Agreement” for additional information on the terms of such agreement.

 

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The table below sets forth an estimate, assuming an initial public offering price of $                 per share of common stock at the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, of the number of Distributed Shares that would be distributed to each of our Named Executive Officers in redemption of Class B Units:

 

Name

   Distributed Shares  
     Vested        Unvested  

Michael B. Petras, Jr.

     

Scott J. Leffler

     

Matthew J. Klaben

     

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control

Potential Payments to Mr. Michael B. Petras, Jr.

In the event of a termination of employment by us without “cause” or by him for “good reason” (in each case as will be defined in the Amended and Restated CEO Employment Agreement), Mr. Petras, upon execution of a general release of claims in our favor and subject to continued compliance with the restrictive covenants that will be set forth in the Amended and Restated CEO Employment Agreement, will be eligible to receive certain benefits as will be set forth in the Amended and Restated CEO Employment Agreement.

Potential Payments to Mr. Scott J. Leffler

In the event of a termination of employment by us without “cause” or by him for “good reason” (in each case as defined in the CFO Employment Agreement), Mr. Leffler, upon execution of a general release of claims in our favor and subject to continued compliance with the restrictive covenants set forth in the CFO Employment Agreement, will be eligible to receive:

 

   

A continuation of his annual base salary for 18 months, and

 

   

Continuation of his health insurance coverage as though he had continued to be an active employee of the company, or if he is unable to so participate and elects COBRA, monthly reimbursement for the difference between the monthly COBRA premium over the monthly premium he would have paid had he continued to be an active employee, for 18 months, provided that this benefit will cease if Mr. Leffler becomes reemployed with another employer that offers medical insurance prior to the expiration of the 18 month period.

Under the CFO Employment Agreement, “cause” generally means Mr. Leffler’s (i) disclosure of confidential information or trade secrets of the company, the Sponsors or any of their affiliates or any of their respective customers or suppliers, which use or disclosure causes or is likely to cause a material injury to any of these parties, (ii) conviction of, or a plea of “guilty” or “no contest” to, a felony under the laws of the United States, Canada or any jurisdiction in which Executive resides, (iii) fraud, willful misconduct or gross neglect in the performance of his duties or engagement in any other willful misconduct or willful engagement in any act or omission involving dishonesty, unethical business conduct or moral turpitude which has caused a material injury to the company, the Sponsors or any of their affiliates or any of their respective customers or suppliers, (v) intentional failure to perform assigned duties after a written notification from Topco Parent’s board of managers or (vi) breach of the CFO Employment Agreement.

Under the CFO Employment Agreement, “good reason” generally means (i) any material reduction in Mr. Leffler’s title, status or authority, (ii) any material reduction of Mr. Leffler’s responsibilities, annual base salary, annual bonus opportunity, other compensation or the aggregate value of Mr. Leffler’s benefits, (iii) relocation of Mr. Leffler’s primary place of employment by more than 50 miles.

 

 

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Potential Payments to Mr. Matthew J. Klaben

In the event of a termination of employment by us without “cause” or by him for “good reason” (in each case as defined in the SVP & GC Employment Agreement), Mr. Klaben, upon execution of a general release of claims in our favor and subject to continued compliance with the restrictive covenants set forth in the SVP & GC Employment Agreement, will be eligible to receive:

 

   

A continuation of his annual base salary for 12 months, and

 

   

Continuation of his health insurance coverage as though he had continued to be an active employee of the company, or if he is unable to so participate and elects COBRA, monthly reimbursement for the difference between the monthly COBRA premium over the monthly premium he would have paid had he continued to be an active employee, for 12 months, provided that this benefit will cease if Mr. Klaben becomes reemployed with another employer that offers medical insurance prior to the expiration of the 12 month period.

Under the SVP & GC Employment Agreement, “cause” generally means Mr. Klaben’s (i) disclosure of confidential information or trade secrets of the company, the Sponsors or any of their affiliates or any of their respective customers or suppliers, which use or disclosure causes or is likely to cause a material injury to any of these parties, (ii) conviction of, or a plea of “guilty” or “no contest” to, a felony under the laws of the United States, Canada or any jurisdiction in which Executive resides, (iii) fraud, willful misconduct or gross neglect in the performance of his duties or engagement in any other willful misconduct or willful engagement in any act or omission involving dishonesty, unethical business conduct or moral turpitude which has caused a material injury to the company, the Sponsors or any of their affiliates or any of their respective customers or suppliers, (iv) intentional failure to perform assigned duties after a written notification from Topco Parent’s board of managers or (v) breach of the SVP & GC Employment Agreement.

Under the SVP & GC Employment Agreement, “good reason” generally means (i) any material reduction in Mr. Klaben’s title, status or authority, (ii) any material reduction of Mr. Klaben’s responsibilities, annual base salary, annual bonus opportunity, other compensation or the aggregate value of Mr. Klaben’s benefits or (iii) relocation of Mr. Klaben’s primary place of employment by more than 50 miles.

Looking Ahead – Post-Initial Public Offering Compensation

In connection with and following this offering, we expect that our Compensation Committee will review with its independent compensation consultant our compensation levels, our incentive compensation programs and the types of compensation we offer to ensure that our programs are based on appropriate measures, goals and targets for our industry and our business objectives and to determine whether any changes to our compensation structures are justified. This review will also be designed to ensure that the overall level of total compensation for our executive officers is reasonable in relation to, and competitive with, the compensation paid by similarly situated peer leaders in our industry, subject to variation for individual factors such as experience, performance, duties, scope of responsibility, prior contributions and future potential contributions to our business.

Equity Incentive Plan

We intend to adopt the New Equity Plan, which will become effective in connection with this offering. The terms of the New Equity Plan have not yet been determined.

Emerging Growth Company Status

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. As an emerging growth company, we will be exempt from certain requirements related to executive compensation, including the requirements to hold non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation and to provide information relating to the ratio of annual total compensation of our chief executive officer to the median of the annual total compensation of all of our employees, each as required under Sections 14 and 14A of the Exchange Act.

 

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CORPORATE REORGANIZATION

Sotera Health Company, a Delaware corporation, is a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Topco Parent. Pursuant to the terms of the corporate reorganization that will be completed prior to the completion of this offering, Topco Parent will distribute the shares of our common stock to its partners in accordance with the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent. To the extent any partnership interests are subject to vesting requirements, the common stock issuable in respect of such partnership interests will also be subject to such requirements.

After giving effect to a                 -for-1 stock split to be effected prior to the execution of the underwriting agreement for this offering, we will have                 shares of common stock outstanding immediately prior to the completion of our corporate reorganization. The number of shares of common stock that a holder of partnership interests in Topco Parent will receive upon its liquidation will be determined by the value such holder would have received under the distribution provisions of the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent, with our shares of common stock valued by reference to the initial public offering price. Purchasers of common stock in this offering will only receive, and this prospectus only describes the offering of, shares of our common stock. Upon completion of our corporate reorganization and this offering, and based on an assumed initial public offering price of $                per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), the former holders of partnership interests in Topco Parent will beneficially own an aggregate of approximately                % of our common stock (or                % if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is exercised in full). See “Description of Capital Stock” for additional information regarding the terms of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws that will be in effect upon the completion of this offering.

The following diagrams indicate our ownership structure prior to this offering and our ownership structure after giving effect to the corporate reorganization and this offering, assuming no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional                 shares from us, and do not include                 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our equity compensation plans.

In this prospectus, our “corporate reorganization” refers to the liquidation of Topco Parent and the distribution of shares of our common stock to the partners of Topco Parent in accordance with its limited partnership agreement, including the stock split described above.

 

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Pre-Corporate Reorganization Summary

 

LOGO

 

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Post-Corporate Reorganization Summary, After Giving Effect to this Offering

 

LOGO

 

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PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of    , 2020 (1) immediately prior to the completion of this offering and (2) as adjusted to give effect to this offering by:

 

   

each person or group who is known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock;

 

   

each of our named executive officers;

 

   

each of our directors; and

 

   

all of the executive officers and directors as a group.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These rules generally provide that a person is the beneficial owner of securities if such person has or shares the power to vote or direct the voting thereof, or to dispose or direct the disposition thereof or has the right to acquire such powers within 60 days. We have based the calculation of the percentage of beneficial ownership on                 shares of common stock outstanding, as of                 , 2020, after giving effect to the corporate reorganization, and based on an assumed share price of $                , the midpoint of the estimated offering price range on the cover of this prospectus. For purposes of calculating each person’s percentage ownership, common stock issuable pursuant to options exercisable within 60 days of                 , 2020 are included as outstanding and beneficially owned for that person or group, but are not deemed outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage ownership of any person. Except as disclosed in the footnotes to this table and subject to applicable community property laws, we believe that each stockholder identified in the table possesses sole voting and investment power over all shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by the stockholder.

Unless otherwise indicated in the table or footnotes below, the address for each beneficial owner is c/o Sotera Health, 9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300 Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147.

 

     Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Owned(1)
     Percentage of
Shares
Beneficially Owned
 
Name of Beneficial Owner    Before
Offering
     After
Offering
 

5% Stockholders:

        

Investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus(2)

        

Investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR(3)

        

Named Executive Officers and Directors:

        

Michael B. Petras, Jr.(4)

        

Scott J. Leffler(5)

        

Matthew J. Klaben(6)

        

Sean L. Cunningham(3)

        

David A. Donnini(3)

        

Stephanie Geveda(7)

        

Ann R. Klee(8)

        

Constantine S. Mihas(3)

        

James C. Neary(7)

        

All Executive Officers and Directors as a group (                 Persons)

        

 

*

Represents beneficial ownership of less than 1%

(1)

Shares shown in the table above include shares held in the beneficial owner’s name or jointly with others, or in the name of a bank, nominee or trustee for the beneficial owner’s account.

(2)

Consists of (i)                shares held of record by Warburg Pincus Private Equity XI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“WP XI”), (ii)                shares held of record by Warburg Pincus Private Equity XI-B, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“WP XI-B”), (iii)                shares held of record by Warburg Pincus

 

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  Private Equity XI-C, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (“WP XI-C”), (iv)                shares held of record by WP XI Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“WP XIP”), (v)                shares held of record by Warburg Pincus XI Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“WP XI Partners”) and (vi)                shares held of record by Bull Co-Invest L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“WP Bull”).

Warburg Pincus XI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“WP XI GP”), is the general partner of each of (i) WP XI, (ii) WP XI-B, (iii) WP XI Partners and (iv) WP XIP. WP Global LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“WP Global”), is the general partner of WP XI GP. Warburg Pincus Partners II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“WPP II”), is the managing member of WP Global. Warburg Pincus Partners GP LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“WPP GP LLC”), is the general partner of WPP II. Warburg Pincus & Co., a New York general partnership (“WP”), is the managing member of WPP GP LLC.

Warburg Pincus (Cayman) XI, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (“WP XI Cayman GP”), is the general partner of WP XI-C (WP XI-C and, together with WP XI, WP XI-B, WP XI Partners and WP XIP, the “WP XI Funds”). Warburg Pincus XI-C, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“WP XI-C LLC”), is the general partner of WP XI Cayman GP. Warburg Pincus Partners II (Cayman), L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (“WPP II Cayman”), is the managing member of WP XI-C LLC. Warburg Pincus (Bermuda) Private Equity GP Ltd., a Bermuda exempted company (“WP Bermuda GP”), is the general partner of WPP II Cayman.

WP Bull Manager LLC, a Delaware limited Liability company (“WP Bull Manager”), is the general partner of WP Bull. WP is managing member of WP Bull Manager.

Warburg Pincus LLC, a New York limited liability company (“WP LLC”), is the manager of the WP XI Funds. The address of the Warburg Pincus entities is 450 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017.

 

(3)

Consists of (i)                shares held of record by GTCR Fund XI/A LP, (ii)                shares held of record by GTCR Fund XI/C LP and (iii)                shares held of record by GTCR Co-Invest XI LP (collectively, the “GTCR Stockholders”). GTCR Partners XI/A&C LP is the general partner of each of GTCR Fund XI/A LP and GTCR Fund XI/C LP. GTCR Investment XI LLC is the general partner of each of GTCR Co-Invest XI LP and GTCR Partners XI/A&C LP. GTCR Investment XI LLC is managed by a board of managers (the “GTCR Board of Managers”) consisting of Mark M. Anderson, Craig A. Bondy, Aaron D. Cohen, Sean L. Cunningham, Benjamin J. Daverman, David A. Donnini, Constantine S. Mihas and Collin E. Roche, and no single person has voting or dispositive authority over the shares. Each of GTCR Partners XI/A&C LP, GTCR Investment XI LLC and the GTCR Board of Managers may be deemed to share beneficial ownership of the shares held of record by the GTCR Stockholders, and each of the individual members of the GTCR Board of Managers disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held of record by the GTCR Stockholders except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. The address for each of the GTCR Stockholders, GTCR Partners XI/A&C LP and GTCR Investment XI LLC is 300 North LaSalle Street, Suite 5600, Chicago, Illinois, 60654.

 

(4)

Mr. Petras owns directly                 shares of common stock. Mr. Petras is the grantor and trustee of two estate planning trusts (collectively, the “Petras Trusts”). As a result, Mr. Petras may have voting and investment control over, and may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of, an aggregate of                 shares of common stock owned by the Petras Trusts.

 

(5)

Consists of                 shares of common stock and                 shares that will remain subject to vesting.

 

(6)

Mr. Klaben owns directly                 shares of common stock and                 shares that will remain subject to vesting. Mr. Klaben is the grantor and trustee of an estate planning trust. As a result, Mr. Klaben may have voting and investment control over, and may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of, an aggregate of                 shares of common stock and shares that will remain subject to vesting owned by such trust.

 

(7)

Includes                 shares of common stock beneficially owned by Warburg Pincus Entities because of the affiliations of Ms. Geveda and Mr. Neary with the Warburg Pincus entities. Ms. Geveda and Mr. Neary each disclaim beneficial ownership of all shares of common stock owned by the Warburg Pincus entities except to the extent of any indirect pecuniary interests therein.

 

(8)

Consists of                 shares of common stock and                 shares that will remain subject to vesting.

 

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Under SEC rules, a related person is an officer, director, nominee for director or beneficial holder of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities since the beginning of the last fiscal year or an immediate family member of any of the foregoing.

Other than the transactions described below, our corporate reorganization described under “Corporate Reorganization,” compensation agreements and other arrangements which are described under “Executive Compensation,” since January 1, 2017, there has not been, and there is not currently proposed, any transaction or series of similar transactions to which we were or will be a party in which the amount involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000 and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest. We believe the terms of the transactions described below were comparable to the terms we could have obtained in arms-length dealings with unrelated third parties.

From time to time, we do business with other companies affiliated with certain holders of our common stock. We believe that all such arrangements have been entered into in the ordinary course of business and have been conducted on an arm’s-length basis.

 

Distributions

In 2019, in connection with distributions paid by us to Topco Parent, the following current and former directors and executive officers and 5% stockholders received distributions pursuant to the terms of the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent, in the aggregate amounts set forth below:

 

Name    Distribution
Amount (1) (2) (3)
 

Investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus

   $ 369,698,262  

Investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR

     246,465,508  

Michael B. Petras, Jr. (4) (5)

     19,404,529  

Scott J. Leffler

     987,240  

Matthew J. Klaben

     717,047  

Philip W. Macnabb (6) (7)

     13,435,018  

Michael J. Mulhern (8)

     12,415,877  

 

(1) 

This table represents distributions made in respect of all partnership interests in Topco Parent held by the above listed current and former directors and executive officers and 5% stockholders. With respect to Warburg Pincus and GTCR, the distributions represent distributions in respect of Class A Units in Topco Parent. With respect to current and former directors and executive officers, the distributions represent distributions in respect of Class A Units and Class B Units. The distributions to Mr. Petras additionally include distributions made in respect of Class C Units.

(2) 

The aggregate distribution amounts disclosed include distributable amounts accrued in respect of unvested Class B Units held by current and former directors and executive officers. Such accrued amounts were allocated to the holder of such unvested Class B Units for tax purposes at the time such amounts would otherwise have been distributed, but the cash payments that would otherwise have been distributed were held back, unless and until the unvested Class B Units vested. To the extent that any previously unvested Class B Units subsequently vested, the held back cash payments in respect of such previously unvested Class B Units would be distributed in the next distribution. Any cash payments held back in respect of unvested Class B Units that have not yet been distributed will be distributed to participants in 2020 in advance of this offering.

(3) 

The aggregate distribution amounts disclosed are net of amounts that were retained by Topco Parent to offset prior tax distributions made in 2018, which are included in the 2018 distribution amounts set forth below. These tax distributions, which reduce future distribution entitlements under the Topco Parent limited partnership agreement, are intended to enable recipients to satisfy current income tax liabilities in respect of

 

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  allocations of partnership income where the corresponding cash payment is held back in whole or in part in respect of unvested Class B Units. The aggregate distribution amounts disclosed also include additional tax distributions that were made in 2019, which will reduce any cash payments in respect of unvested Class B Units that will be distributed to participants in 2020, as discussed in footnote 2 above. Any remaining balance of prior tax distributions following such distribution will reduce the total value of partnership distributions in connection with the redemption of Class B Units in Topco Parent for Distributed Shares. See “Treatment of Outstanding Equity Awards in Connection with the Initial Public Offering” for additional information on the terms of such redemption.
(4) 

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

(5) 

The distribution includes the aggregate amount distributed to Mr. Petras in full satisfaction and settlement of his Class C Units, net of the amount retained by Topco Parent to offset a 2018 tax distribution made to Mr. Petras in respect of his Class C Units.

(6) 

Mr. Macnabb served as the President of Sterigenics until October 1, 2020.

(7) 

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

(8) 

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

In 2018, in connection with distributions paid by us to Topco Parent, the following current and former directors and executive officers and 5% stockholders received distributions pursuant to the terms of the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent, in the aggregate amounts set forth below:

 

Name    Distribution
Amount (1) (2)
 

Investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus

   $ 96,541,809  

Investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR

     64,361,206  

Michael B. Petras, Jr. (3)

     4,756,392  

Scott J. Leffler

     237,558  

Matthew J. Klaben

     138,335  

Philip W. Macnabb (4) (5)

     2,058,562  

Michael J. Mulhern (6)

     2,153,627  

 

(1)

This table represents distributions made in respect of Class A Units held by the above listed current and former directors and executive officers and 5% stockholders. No distributions, other than the tax distributions referred to herein, were made in respect of Class B Units or Class C Units.

(2)

The aggregate distribution amounts disclosed include tax distributions made in 2018. These tax distributions, which reduce future distribution entitlements under the Topco Parent limited partnership agreement, are intended to enable recipients to satisfy current income tax liabilities in respect of allocations of partnership income where the corresponding cash payment is held back in whole or in part in respect of unvested Class B Units.

(3)

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

(4)

Mr. Macnabb served as the President of Sterigenics until October 1, 2020.

(5)

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

(6)

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

 

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In 2017, in connection with a distribution paid by us to Topco Parent, the following current and former directors and executive officers and 5% stockholders received distributions pursuant to the terms of the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent, in the amounts set forth below:

 

Name    Distribution
Amount (1)
 

Investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus

   $ 115,062,497  

Investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR

     76,708,331  

Michael B. Petras, Jr. (2)

     725,692  

Scott J. Leffler

     152,762  

Matthew J. Klaben

     99,846  

Philip W. Macnabb (3) (4)

     1,670,301  

Michael J. Mulhern (5)

     1,978,720  

 

(1)

This table represents distributions made in respect of Class A Units held by the above listed current and former directors and executive officers and 5% stockholders. No distributions were made in respect of Class B Units or Class C Units.

(2)

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

(3)

Mr. Macnabb served as the President of Sterigenics until October 1, 2020.

(4)

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

(5)

Includes distributions made to an estate planning trust.

Loans to Executive Officers

In April 2017, we loaned Mr. Leffler, our Chief Financial Officer, $500,000 in connection with Mr. Leffler’s purchase of units in Topco Parent. The loan was evidenced by a full recourse promissory note, with interest at a rate of 1.11% per annum, compounded semi-annually, and was secured by any equity interest in our company then or later owned by Mr. Leffler. The outstanding principal and interest due under the loan was fully repaid to us in August 2019 and the pledge was terminated. A total of $4,058.79 in interest was paid under the loan.

Registration Rights Agreement

In connection with this offering, we intend to enter into a second amended and restated registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with certain holders of our common stock, including the Sponsors, pursuant to which we have agreed to register the sale of shares of our common stock under specified circumstances, and a copy of which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. After the closing of this offering, holders of a total of                  shares of our common stock will have the right to require us to register these shares under the Securities Act under specified circumstances. After registration pursuant to these rights, these shares will become freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act.

Beginning on the first date after our initial public offering on which investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR are no longer subject to any underwriter’s lock-up or other similar contractual restrictions on the sale of our shares, we may be required by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR to register all or part of their shares of common stock in accordance with the Securities Act and the Registration Rights Agreement. See “Shares Eligible for Future Sale—Lock-up Agreements.” The net aggregate offering price of shares that investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR propose to sell in any demand registration must be at least $50 million, or such holder must propose to sell all of such holder’s shares if the net aggregate offering price of such shares is less than $50 million. Each of Warburg Pincus and GTCR is entitled to request unlimited demand registrations, but in each case we are not obligated to effect more than three long-form registrations on Form S-1 or four marketed

 

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underwritten shelf take-downs each year at the request of Warburg Pincus or more than three long-form registrations on Form S-1 or four marketed underwritten shelf take-downs each year at the request of GTCR. We also are not obligated to effect more than one marketed underwritten offering in any consecutive 90-day period without the consent of investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR. There is no limitation on the number of unmarketed underwritten offerings that we may be obligated to effect at the request of investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR. We have specified rights to delay the filing or initial effectiveness of, or suspend the use of, any registration statement filed or to be filed in connection with an exercise of a holder’s demand registration rights.

In addition, if we propose to file a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to specified offerings of shares of our common stock, we must allow holders of shares subject to registration rights to include their shares in that registration, subject to specified conditions and limitations.

These registration rights are subject to specified conditions and limitations, including the right of the underwriters to limit the number of shares to be included in a registration in certain circumstances and our right to delay a registration statement under specified circumstances. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, we are required to pay all registration expenses and indemnify each participating holder with respect to each registration of registrable shares that is effected.

Stockholders’ Agreement

We and the Sponsors intend to enter into the Stockholders’ Agreement in connection with this offering. Our Stockholders’ Agreement will provide that, for so long as the Stockholders’ Agreement is in effect, we and the Sponsors are required to take all actions reasonably necessary, subject to applicable regulatory and stock exchange listing requirements (including director independence requirements), to cause the membership of the board and any committees of the board to be consistent with the terms of the agreement. In accordance with the Stockholders’ Agreement, Warburg Pincus has designated Ms. Geveda, Mr. Neary and                      to our board of directors and GTCR has designated Messrs. Cunningham, Donnini and Mihas to our board of directors.

Director Designees; Committee Membership

Each of our current directors was elected pursuant to the terms of agreements among our stockholders that will terminate in our corporate reorganization and be replaced by our Stockholders’ Agreement. Under the terms of our Stockholders’ Agreement, investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus will be entitled to designate up to:

 

   

five directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 80% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering;

 

   

four directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 60% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering;

 

   

three directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 40% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering;

 

   

two directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 20% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering; and

 

   

one director for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus hold 6 2/3% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering.

 

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In addition, our Stockholders’ Agreement will provide that investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR will be entitled to designate up to:

 

   

three directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR hold 70% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering;

 

   

two directors for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR hold 40% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering; and

 

   

one director for election to our board of directors for so long as certain investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR hold 10% or more of the shares of our common stock that they hold immediately following the closing of this offering.

Subject to any restrictions under applicable law or the Nasdaq rules, each of Warburg Pincus and GTCR will be entitled to representation on each board committee proportionate to the number of directors they are entitled to designate on our board of directors. In addition, Warburg Pincus shall be entitled to appoint the chairperson of our compensation committee for so long as Warburg Pincus has the right to designate at least one director for election to our board of directors.

Removal of Directors

For so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, hold at least a majority of our outstanding capital stock, a director designated by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively, may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding capital stock and with the consent of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively.

Quorum

For so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with Warburg Pincus have the right to designate at least one director for election to our board of directors and for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with GTCR have the right to designate at least one director for election to our board of directors, in each case, a quorum of our board of directors will not exist without at least one director designee of each of Warburg Pincus and GTCR present at such meeting; provided that if a meeting of our board of directors fails to achieve a quorum due to the absence of a director designee of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, as applicable, the presence of at least one director designee of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, as applicable, will not be required in order for a quorum to exist at the next meeting of our board of directors.

Corporate Opportunities

To the fullest extent permitted by law, we have, on behalf of ourselves, our subsidiaries and our and their respective stockholders, renounced any interest or expectancy in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, and business opportunity that may be presented to Warburg Pincus, GTCR or any of their respective affiliates, partners, principals, directors, officers, members, managers, employees or other representatives, and no such person has any duty to communicate or offer such business opportunity to us or any of our subsidiaries or shall be liable to us or any of our subsidiaries or any of our or its stockholders for breach of any duty, as a director or officer or otherwise, by reason of the fact that such person pursues or acquires such business opportunity, directs such business opportunity to another person or fails to present such business opportunity, or information regarding such business opportunity, to us or our subsidiaries, unless, in the case of any such person who is a director or officer of ours, such business opportunity is expressly offered to such director or officer in writing solely in his or her capacity as a director or officer of ours.

 

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Indemnification

Under the Stockholders’ Agreement, we have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to indemnify the Sponsors, and various affiliated persons and indirect equityholders of the Sponsors from certain losses arising out of any threatened or actual litigation by reason of the fact that the indemnified person is or was a holder of our common stock or of equity interests in Sotera Health Company. Public stockholders will not benefit from this indemnification provision. This indemnification is in addition to a similar indemnification provision under Topco Parent’s limited partnership agreement, which will survive the termination of such agreement. Two of our subsidiaries and GTCR, LLC are currently co-defendants in tort lawsuits alleging personal injury and related claims resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from the Willowbrook facility. See “Business—Legal Proceedings—Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation—Illinois.” In satisfaction of our indemnity obligations, our legal counsel is jointly engaged to also represent GTCR, LLC in these proceedings and we are bearing the cost of this combined defense effort.

Corporate Reorganization

Concurrently with, or prior to, the completion of this offering, Topco Parent will distribute the shares of our common stock to its partners in accordance with the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent. See “Corporate Reorganization.”

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide for indemnification of directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law, including payment of expenses in advance of resolution of any such matter. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will eliminate the potential personal monetary liability of our directors to us or our stockholders for breaches of their duties as directors except as otherwise required under the DGCL. Any amendment to, or repeal of, these provisions will not eliminate or reduce the effect of these provisions in respect of any act, omission or claim that occurred or arose prior to that amendment or repeal. If the DGCL is amended to provide for further limitations on the personal liability of directors of corporations, then the personal liability of our directors will be further limited to the greatest extent permitted by the DGCL.

We have entered into or will enter into separate indemnification agreements with our directors and officers that may be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the DGCL. Each indemnification agreement provides, among other things, for indemnification to the fullest extent permitted by law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws against any and all expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement of any claim. The indemnification agreements provide for the advancement or payment of all expenses to the indemnitee and for reimbursement to us if it is found that such indemnitee is not entitled to such indemnification under applicable law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws. We believe that these agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and officers.

The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions included in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the indemnification agreements that we have entered into or will enter into with our directors and officers may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and officers, even though any such action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers as required by these indemnification provisions.

We maintain standard policies of insurance under which, subject to the limitations of the policies, coverage is provided (i) to our directors and officers against loss arising from claims made by reason of a breach of duty or other wrongful acts as a director or officer, including claims relating to public securities matters, and (ii) to us with respect to payments which we may make to such officers and directors pursuant to our indemnification obligations or otherwise as a matter of law.

 

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Certain of our non-employee directors may, through their relationships with their employers, be insured or indemnified against certain liabilities incurred in their capacity as members of our board of directors. Although directors designated for election to our board of directors by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses or insurance provided or obtained by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively, we have agreed in our Stockholders’ Agreement that we will be the indemnitor of first resort, will advance the full amount of expenses incurred by each such director and, to the extent that investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR or their insurers make any payment to, or advance any expenses to, any such director, we will reimburse those investment funds and entities and their insurers for such amounts.

The underwriting agreement will provide for indemnification, under certain circumstances, by the underwriters of us and our officers and directors for certain liabilities arising under the Securities Act or otherwise.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling our company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions

Pursuant to our written related party transaction policy which will become effective upon the completion of this offering, the audit committee of the board of directors will be responsible for evaluating each related party transaction and making a recommendation to the disinterested members of the board of directors as to whether the transaction at issue is fair, reasonable and within our policy and whether it should be ratified and approved. The audit committee, in making its recommendation, will consider various factors, including the benefit of the transaction to us, the terms of the transaction and whether they are at arm’s-length and in the ordinary course of our business, the direct or indirect nature of the related person’s interest in the transaction, the size and expected term of the transaction and other facts and circumstances that bear on the materiality of the related party transaction under applicable law and listing standards. The audit committee will review, at least annually, a summary of our transactions with our directors and officers and with firms that employ our directors, as well as any other related person transactions.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following description summarizes important terms of our capital stock. Because it is only a summary, it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you. For a complete description, you should refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws that will become effective upon or prior to the closing of this offering, copies of which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, as well as the relevant portions of the DGCL.

Authorized Capitalization

Upon the completion of this offering, our capital structure will consist of                authorized shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and                authorized shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.

Common Stock

General. Immediately following our corporate reorganization, there will be                shares of our common stock outstanding, held of record by                holders.

Voting Rights. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, subject to the restrictions described below under the caption “—Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Our Amended and Restated Bylaws and Delaware Law.” The holders of common stock will not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all of the directors standing for election. Except for the election of directors, if a quorum is present, an action on a matter is approved if it receives the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of capital stock present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the matter, unless otherwise required by applicable law, the DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws. The election of directors will be determined by a plurality of the votes cast in respect of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote, meaning that the nominees with the greatest number of votes cast, even if less than a majority, will be elected. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to, and may be impacted by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.

Dividends. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then-outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably those dividends, if any, as may be declared by the board of directors out of legally available funds. See “Dividend Policy.”

Liquidation, Dissolution, and Winding Up. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of our common stock will be entitled to share equally and ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities, subject to the prior rights of any preferred stock then outstanding.

No Preemptive or Similar Rights. Holders of our common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock.

Assessment. All outstanding shares of our common stock are, and the shares of our common stock to be outstanding upon completion of this offering will be, fully paid and nonassessable.

Preferred Stock

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or other rights, voting powers and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, as the board of directors deems appropriate. Our board of directors could, without stockholder approval, issue preferred stock with voting, conversion and other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and impact other rights of the holders of the common stock. Our board of directors may issue preferred stock as an anti-takeover measure without any further action by the holders of common stock. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of our company by increasing the number of shares necessary to gain control of the company.

Options

As of June 30, 2020, we did not have any outstanding options to purchase shares of our common stock. The board of directors currently intends to adopt the New Equity Plan which will become effective in connection with this offering. The terms of the New Equity Plan have not yet been determined.

Registration Rights

After the completion of this offering, the holders of                shares of our common stock will be entitled to certain rights with respect to the registration of such shares under the Securities Act. For a description of registration rights with respect to our common stock, see “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement.”

Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Our Amended and Restated Bylaws and Delaware Law

Delaware law contains, and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will contain, a number of provisions relating to corporate governance and to the rights of stockholders. Certain of these provisions may be deemed to have a potential “anti-takeover” effect in that such provisions may delay, defer or prevent a change of control or an unsolicited acquisition proposal that a stockholder might consider favorable, including a proposal that might result in the payment of a premium over the market price for the shares held by the stockholders. These provisions include:

Classified board of directors; removal of directors. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that our board of directors will be divided into three classes of directors, with the classes to be as nearly equal in number as possible, and with staggered three-year terms. As a result, approximately one-third of our board of directors will be elected each year.

In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that our directors may be removed only for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 75% of the voting power of our outstanding common stock; provided that for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, hold at least 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, a director designated by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively, may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the votes that all the stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors or class of directors and with the consent of Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively.

Any vacancy on our board of directors, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of our board of directors, may be filled only by vote of a majority of our directors then in office; provided that for so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR have the right to designate at least one director for election to our board of directors, any vacancies will be filled in accordance with the designation provisions set forth in our Stockholders’ Agreement.

 

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The classification of our board of directors and the limitations on the removal of directors and filling of vacancies could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or discourage a third party from seeking to acquire, control of our company. See the section titled “Management and Board of Directors—Board Composition.”

Advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and director nominations. Our amended and restated bylaws will provide advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the board of directors or pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement. Our amended and restated bylaws will also specify certain requirements regarding the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. These provisions might preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders if the proper procedures are not followed. We expect that these provisions may also discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company.

Amendment of certificate of incorporation and bylaws provisions. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that approval of stockholders holding a majority of the then-outstanding voting power of our capital stock, so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, hold at least a majority of our outstanding capital stock, is required for stockholders to amend or adopt certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and any provision of our amended and restated bylaws, and at all other times by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of our outstanding common stock. So long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR have the right to designate three directors for election to our board of directors, at least 75% of the board must approve any amendments to the amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws.

Authorized but unissued or undesignated capital stock. Our authorized capital stock will consist of                shares of common stock and                shares of preferred stock. A large quantity of authorized but unissued shares may deter potential takeover attempts because of the ability of our board of directors to authorize the issuance of some or all of these shares to a friendly party, or to the public or in connection with a stockholder rights plan, which would make it more difficult for a potential acquirer to obtain control of us. This possibility may encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our board of directors. The authorized but unissued stock may be issued by the board of directors in one or more transactions. In this regard, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will grant the board of directors broad power to establish the rights and preferences of authorized and unissued preferred stock. The issuance of shares of preferred stock pursuant to the board of directors’ authority described above could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of common stock and adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights, of such holders and may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control.

Stockholder action; special meeting of stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that our stockholders will not be able to take action by written consent for any matter and may only take action at annual or special meetings. For so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, hold a majority of our outstanding capital stock, however, a meeting and vote of stockholders may be dispensed with, and the action may be taken without prior notice and without such meeting and vote if a written consent is signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at the meeting of stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will further provide that, except as otherwise required by law, special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by the majority of the board of directors or by the chairman of our board of directors or our chief executive officer, thus limiting the ability of a stockholder to call a special meeting. For so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, collectively, hold a majority of our outstanding capital stock, however, special meetings of our stockholders may be called by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting stock.

 

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These provisions might delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or for stockholders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any action, including the removal of directors.

No cumulative voting. The DGCL provides that stockholders are not entitled to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless a corporation’s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will not provide for cumulative voting. Without cumulative voting, a minority stockholder may not be able to gain as many seats on our board of directors as the stockholder would be able to gain if cumulative voting were permitted. The absence of cumulative voting makes it more difficult for a minority stockholder to gain a seat on our board of directors to influence our board of directors’ decision regarding a takeover.

Supermajority voting on board actions. For so long as investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR have the right (individually) to designate at least three directors for election to our board of directors, the following actions may only be effected with the affirmative vote of 75% of our board of directors:

 

   

certain acquisitions, mergers, other business combination transactions and dispositions;

 

   

any amendment, modification or repeal of any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws;

 

   

changes in the size and composition of the board of directors or the compensation of its committees, other than in accordance with the Stockholders’ Agreement;

 

   

any termination of the chief executive officer or designation of a new chief executive officer;

 

   

except for ordinary course compensation arrangements, entering into, or modifying, any arrangements with an executive officers or any of executive officer’s affiliates or associates;

 

   

issuance of additional shares of Company or subsidiaries’ capital stock, subject to certain limited exceptions; or

 

   

incurrence of certain indebtedness.

Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute. Upon completion of this offering, we will not be subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested shareholder” for a three-year period following the time that the person becomes an interested shareholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes, among other things, a merger, asset or stock sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested shareholder. An “interested shareholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or did own within three years prior to the determination of interested shareholder status, 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock.

Under Section 203, a business combination between a corporation and an interested shareholder is prohibited unless it satisfies one of the following conditions: (1) before the shareholder became an interested shareholder, the board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder; (2) upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder, the interested shareholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding, shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers, and employee stock plans, in some instances; or (3) at or after the time the shareholder became an interested shareholder, the business combination was approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the shareholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested shareholder.

A Delaware corporation may “opt out” of these provisions with an express provision in its original certificate of incorporation or an express provision in its certificate of incorporation or bylaws resulting from a shareholders’ amendment approved by at least a majority of the outstanding voting shares.

 

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We will opt out of Section 203; however, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will contain similar provisions providing that we may not engage in certain “business combinations” with any “interested shareholder” for a three-year period following the time that the shareholder became an interested shareholder, unless:

 

   

prior to such time, our board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder;

 

   

upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder, the interested shareholder owned at least 85% of our voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding certain shares; or

 

   

at or subsequent to that time, the business combination is approved by our Board and by the affirmative vote of holders of at least 66 2/3% of our outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested shareholder.

Under certain circumstances, this provision will make it more difficult for a person who would be an “interested shareholder” to effect various business combinations with us for a three-year period. This provision may encourage companies interested in acquiring us to negotiate in advance with our board of directors because the shareholder approval requirement would be avoided if our board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which results in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder. These provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our board of directors and may make it more difficult to accomplish transactions which shareholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that Warburg and GTCR, and any of their respective direct or indirect transferees and any group as to which such persons are a party, do not constitute “interested shareholders” for purposes of this provision.

Exclusive Forum

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the sole and exclusive forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our current or former directors, officers or other employees or stockholders to us or our stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim against us or any of our directors or officers or other employees or stockholders arising pursuant to, any action to interpret, apply, enforce any right, obligation or remedy under, any provision of the DGCL our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws, (4) any action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, or (5) any other action asserting an “internal corporate claim” under the DGCL shall be the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or any state or federal court located within the State of Delaware if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction), in all cases subject to the court’s having jurisdiction over indispensable parties named as defendants. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to this provision. Although we believe these provisions benefit us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law for the specified types of actions and proceedings, the provisions may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against us or our directors and officers.

Additionally, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the Company are deemed to have notice of and consented to this provision. The Supreme Court of Delaware has held that this type of exclusive federal forum provision is enforceable. There may be uncertainty, however, as to whether courts of other jurisdictions would enforce such provision, if applicable.

 

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Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

See the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors.”

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The company expects to enter into an agreement with                to act as transfer agent and registrar for our common stock. The transfer agent and registrar’s address is                .

Exchange

We have applied to list our common stock on the Nasdaq under the symbol “SHC”.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS

We summarize below the principal terms of the agreements that govern our existing indebtedness. We refer you to the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part for copies of agreements governing the indebtedness described below.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities

Overview

On December 13, 2019, SHH entered into new senior secured first lien credit facilities (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”) and settled our previously outstanding term loan and senior notes. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities consist of both a senior secured first lien term loan (the “Term Loan”) and a senior secured first lien revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) that provides for senior secured commitments in the amount of $190.0 million. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also provide SHH the right at any time and under certain conditions to request incremental term loans or incremental revolving credit commitments based on a formula defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. As of June 30, 2020, total borrowings under the Term Loan were $2,114.7 million and the Revolving Credit Facility remained unutilized. As of June 30, 2020, SHH had $62.1 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility of $127.9 million.

Interest Rate and Fees

Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin, plus, at our option, either (a) an alternate base rate or (b) a LIBOR rate. The applicable margin under the Revolving Credit Facility may be reduced by reference to a leverage-based pricing grid with step-downs of 0.25% at a specified senior secured first lien net leverage ratio. In addition to paying interest on any outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, SHH is required to pay a commitment fee to the lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility in respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder and customary letter of credit fees.

The Term Loan is paid in equal quarterly installments in aggregate annual amounts equal to 1.0% of the original Term Loan principal amount, while the remaining balance matures on December 13, 2026. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the Term Loan at June 30, 2020 was 5.50%.

Prepayments

The Term Loan requires SHH to prepay outstanding term loans, subject to certain exceptions, with:

 

   

50% of annual excess cash flow, which percentage will be reduced to 25% and 0% of annual excess cash flow based upon the achievement of specified first lien net leverage ratios and which payments may, at the option of the borrower, be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis by certain prepayments, capital expenditures, investments, acquisitions, dividends and cash consideration amounts made in the applicable fiscal year;

 

   

100% of the net cash proceeds of all non-ordinary course asset sales or other dispositions of property in excess of a certain amount, subject to reinvestment rights and other exceptions; and

 

   

100% of the net cash proceeds of any incurrence of debt (other than proceeds from debt permitted under the term loan facility, except in respect of refinancing debt).

The foregoing mandatory prepayments apply to the scheduled installments of principal of the Term Loan and any incremental facilities thereunder as directed by the borrower (and absent such direction in direct order of maturity).

 

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SHH may voluntarily repay outstanding loans under the Term Loan and the Revolving Credit Facility at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary breakage costs with respect to certain loans.

Guarantee and Security

All of SHH’s obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are unconditionally guaranteed by the company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH (such guarantors, the “Guarantors”), with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of SHH and the Guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the First Lien Notes and the Second Lien Notes (each as defined below), and any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the First Lien Notes shall have equal priority with any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

Outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by encumbrances against the Revolving Credit Facility and the collateral pledged thereunder, or by cash placed on deposit with the issuing bank.

Certain Covenants and Events of Default

The Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain a number of covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, the ability of SHH and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to:

 

   

incur additional indebtedness and guarantee indebtedness;

 

   

create or incur liens;

 

   

engage in mergers or consolidations;

 

   

sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of assets;

 

   

make investments, acquisitions or loans or advances;

 

   

pay dividends and distributions on or repurchase capital stock;

 

   

issue certain shares of preferred stock;

 

   

prepay, redeem or repurchase certain subordinated indebtedness;

 

   

enter into agreements which limit its ability and the ability of the restricted subsidiaries to incur liens on assets;

 

   

change its fiscal year;

 

   

change its lines of business;

 

   

enter into certain transactions with affiliates; and

 

   

change the passive holding company status of the direct parent of the borrower.

The Revolving Credit Facility contains a maximum senior secured first lien net leverage ratio covenant of 9.00 to 1.00, tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter if, on the last day of such fiscal quarter, the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of the revolving loans then outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, plus (ii) the aggregate amount of letter of credit disbursements that have not been reimbursed within two business days following the end of the fiscal quarter, exceeds the greater of $76.0 million and 40.0% of the aggregate principal amount of the revolving commitments then in effect. Although this covenant did not apply as the conditions were not met, as of June 30, 2020 the first lien net leverage ratio, as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility, was approximately 5.10 to 1.00.

 

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The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control.

First Lien Notes

Overview

On July 31, 2020, SHH issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior secured first lien notes due 2026 (the “First Lien Notes”). The First Lien Notes bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR subject to a 1.00% floor plus 6.00% per annum. Interest on the First Lien Notes is payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. The First Lien Notes mature on December 13, 2026.

Optional Redemption

SHH is entitled to redeem all or a portion of the First Lien Notes, at any time and from time to time, subject to certain premiums depending on the date of redemption: any time prior to July 31, 2021, a customary make-whole premium applies and, thereafter, specified premiums that decline to zero apply (in each case as described in the indenture governing the First Lien Notes).

Guarantee and Security

All of SHH’s obligations under the First Lien Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by the company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the First Lien Notes, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of SHH and the guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the First Lien Notes. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the Second Lien Notes, and any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the First Lien Notes shall have equal priority with any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

Certain Covenants and Events of Default

The indenture governing the First Lien Notes limits the ability of SHH and the ability of most of its subsidiaries to:

 

   

incur additional debt or issue certain preferred shares;

 

   

pay dividends on, repurchase or make distributions in respect of capital stock or make other restricted payments;

 

   

make certain investments;

 

   

sell or transfer certain assets;

 

   

create liens on certain assets to secure debt;

 

   

consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets;

 

   

enter into certain transactions with affiliates; and

 

   

designate its subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.

Subject to certain exceptions, the indenture governing the First Lien Notes permits SHH and its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness, including secured indebtedness.

 

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The indenture also contains certain customary affirmative covenants pertaining to notice and filings with the trustee.

There are no financial maintenance covenants in the indenture governing the First Lien Notes. Events of default under the indenture include, among others, nonpayment of principal or interest when due, covenant defaults, bankruptcy and insolvency events, change of control and cross defaults. The indenture provides for events of default which, if any of them occurs, would permit the principal of and accrued interest on the First Lien Notes to become due and payable.

Second Lien Notes

Overview

On December 13, 2019, SHH issued $770.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior secured second lien notes due 2027 (the “Second Lien Notes”). The Second Lien Notes bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR subject to a 1.00% floor plus 8.00% per annum. Interest on the Second Lien Notes is payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. The Second Lien Notes mature on December 13, 2027.

Optional Redemption

SHH is entitled to redeem all or a portion of the Second Lien Notes, at any time and from time to time, subject to certain premiums depending on the date of redemption: any time prior to December 13, 2020, a customary make-whole premium applies and, thereafter, specified premiums that decline to zero apply (in each case as described in the indenture governing the Second Lien Notes). In addition, under certain circumstances, such as an initial public offering or certain changes of control, SHH has certain additional redemption rights (as described in the indenture governing the Second Lien Notes).

Optional Redemption Following a Permitted Change of Control

If SHH experiences certain permitted changes of control (as described in the indenture governing the Second Lien Notes), SHH is entitled at its option to redeem all or a portion of the Second Lien Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Second Lien Notes to be redeemed and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, plus a premium equal to 3.00% of the principal amount of such Second Lien Notes if redeemed during the first year following the effective date of the permitted change of control, 2.00% of the principal amount of such Second Lien Notes if redeemed during the second year following the effective date of the permitted change of control and 1.00% of the principal amount of such Second Lien Notes if redeemed during the third year following the effective date of the permitted change of control.

Guarantee and Security

All of SHH’s obligations under the Second Lien Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by the company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Second Lien Notes, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of SHH and the guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Second Lien Notes. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the First Lien Notes, and any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities or the First Lien Notes shall have priority over any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the Second Lien Notes.

 

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Certain Covenants and Events of Default

The indenture governing the Second Lien Notes limits the ability of SHH and the ability of most of its subsidiaries to:

 

   

incur additional debt or issue certain preferred shares;

 

   

pay dividends on, repurchase or make distributions in respect of capital stock or make other restricted payments;

 

   

make certain investments;

 

   

sell or transfer certain assets;

 

   

create liens on certain assets to secure debt;

 

   

consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets;

 

   

enter into certain transactions with affiliates; and

 

   

designate its subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.

Subject to certain exceptions, the indenture governing the Second Lien Notes permits SHH and its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness, including secured indebtedness.

The indenture also contains certain customary affirmative covenants pertaining to notice and filings with the trustee.

There are no financial maintenance covenants in the indenture governing the Second Lien Notes. Events of default under the indenture include, among others, nonpayment of principal or interest when due, covenant defaults, bankruptcy and insolvency events, change of control and cross defaults. The indenture provides for events of default which, if any of them occurs, would permit the principal of and accrued interest on the Second Lien Notes to become due and payable.

 

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock, and we cannot assure you that a liquid trading market for our common stock will develop or be sustained after this offering. Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, including shares issued upon exercise of options, warrants or convertible securities, if any, in the public market after this offering, or the anticipation of such sales or perception that such sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time and could impair our ability to raise capital through sales of our equity securities. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, future sales of shares, or the availability of shares for future sales, will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time.

Sales of Restricted Shares

Upon the closing of this offering, we will have outstanding an aggregate of         shares of common stock, assuming         shares are sold in the offering based on an assumed share price of $         (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range on the cover of this prospectus). Of these shares, we expect all of the shares of common stock being sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except for any such shares which may be held or acquired by an “affiliate” of ours, as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, which shares will be subject to the volume limitations and other restrictions of Rule 144 described below. The remaining         shares of common stock held by our existing stockholders upon completion of this offering will be “restricted securities,” as that phrase is defined in Rule 144, and may be resold only after registration under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption from such registration, including, among others, the exemptions provided by Rules 144 and 701 under the Securities Act, which rules are summarized below.

As a result of the lock-up agreements described below and the provisions of Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the Securities Act, additional shares of our common stock will be available for sale in the public market as set forth below.

Rule 144

In general, under Rule 144, persons who became the beneficial owner of shares of our common stock prior to the completion of this offering may not sell their shares until the earlier of (i) the expiration of a six-month holding period, if we have been subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and have filed all required reports for at least 90 days prior to the date of the sale, or (ii) a one-year holding period.

At the expiration of the six-month holding period, a person who was not one of our affiliates at any time during the three months preceding a sale is entitled to sell an unlimited number of shares of our common stock provided current public information about us is available, and a person who was one of our affiliates at any time during the three months preceding a sale is entitled to sell within any three-month period only a number of shares of common stock that does not exceed the greater of either of the following:

 

   

one percent of the number of shares of common stock then outstanding, which will equal approximately         immediately after this offering; or

 

   

the average weekly trading volume of the common stock on the Nasdaq during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale.

At the expiration of the one-year holding period, a person who was not one of our affiliates at any time during the three months preceding a sale would be entitled to sell an unlimited number of shares of our common stock without restriction. A person who was one of our affiliates at any time during the three months preceding a sale would remain subject to the volume restrictions described above.

 

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All sales under Rule 144 are subject to the availability of current public information about us. In addition, sales under Rule 144 by affiliates or persons who have been affiliates within the previous 90 days are also subject to manner of sale provisions and notice requirements. Upon completion of the 180-day lock-up period, approximately         shares of our outstanding restricted securities will be eligible for sale under Rule 144 subject to limitations on sales by affiliates.

Rule 701

In general, under Rule 701, any of our employees, directors, officers, consultants or advisors who purchased shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written agreement before the effective date of our initial public offering, or who purchased shares from us after that date upon the exercise of options granted before that date, are eligible to resell such shares in reliance upon Rule 144 beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus. If such person is not an affiliate, the sale may be made without compliance with its holding period or current public information requirement. If such a person is an affiliate, the sale may be made under Rule 144 without compliance with its one-year minimum holding period, but subject to the other Rule 144 restrictions.

Lock-up Agreements

We, each of our officers, directors and the holders of        % of our common stock will agree, subject to certain exceptions, with the underwriters not to dispose of or hedge any of the shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock during the period from the date of this prospectus continuing through the date 180 days after the date of this prospectus,            may, in their sole discretion release any of these shares from these restrictions at any time without notice. For a discussion of these restrictions, see the section titled “Underwriting.”

Stockholders’ Agreement

For a description of the stockholders’ agreement that we have entered into with certain holders of our common stock, including investment funds and entities affiliated with the Sponsors, see “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Stockholders’ Agreement.”

Registration Rights

For a description of the registration rights agreement that we have entered into with certain holders of our common stock, including investment funds and entities affiliated with the Sponsors, see “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transaction Registration Rights.”

Equity Plans

We intend to file one or more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register all shares of common stock issued or issuable under the New Equity Plan. We expect to file the registration statement covering shares offered pursuant to the New Equity Plan shortly after the date of this prospectus, permitting the resale of such shares by non-affiliates in the public market without restriction under the Securities Act and the sale by affiliates in the public market, subject to compliance with the resale provisions of Rule 144.

 

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS

The following discussion describes the material U.S. federal income tax considerations that are likely to be relevant to the purchase, ownership, and disposition of shares of our common stock. This discussion deals only with shares of our common stock held as capital assets by investors who purchased shares of our common stock in this offering. This discussion does not cover all aspects of U.S. federal taxation that may be relevant to the purchase, ownership or disposition of shares of our common stock by prospective investors in light of their specific facts and circumstances. In particular, this discussion does not address all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to persons in special tax situations, including banks, insurance companies or other financial institutions, dealers in securities, persons that will hold more than 5% of our common stock, certain former citizens or residents of the United States, a person that is a “controlled foreign corporation,” a person that is a “passive foreign investment company,” persons holding shares of our common stock as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion or other integrated financial transaction, entities that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes (or partners therein) or persons that are otherwise subject to special treatment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). This section does not address any other U.S. federal tax considerations (such as estate tax, gift taxes or the Medicare tax on net investment income) or any state, local or non-U.S. tax considerations. Except with respect to the discussion in “—Information Reporting and Backup Withholding,” this section addresses only Non-U.S. Holders (as defined below).

You should consult your own tax advisors about the tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock in light of your own particular circumstances, including the tax consequences under state, local, non-U.S. and other tax laws and the possible effects of any changes in applicable tax laws.

For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of shares of our common stock that is an individual citizen or resident of the United States, a domestic corporation or otherwise subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis with respect to income from our common stock. A “Non-U.S. Holder” means any beneficial owner of shares of our common stock that is not a U.S. Holder.

This discussion is based on the tax laws of the United States, including the Code, existing and proposed regulations, and administrative and judicial interpretations, all as currently in effect. Such authorities may be repealed, revoked, modified or subject to differing interpretations, possibly on a retroactive basis, so as to result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those discussed below.

Dividends

A distribution of cash or property with respect to shares of our common stock generally will be treated as a dividend to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. If such a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be first treated as a tax-free return of a Non-U.S. Holder’s investment, up to the Non-U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the shares of our common stock, and thereafter as a capital gain subject to the tax treatment described below in “—Sale, Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Stock.”

Dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder generally will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate, or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable tax treaty.

Even if a Non-U.S. Holder is eligible for a lower treaty rate, a withholding agent generally will be required to withhold at a 30% rate (rather than the lower treaty rate) unless the Non-U.S. Holder has furnished a valid Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, or other documentary evidence establishing the Non-U.S. Holder’s entitlement to the lower treaty rate with respect to such dividend payments, and the withholding agent does not have actual knowledge or reason to know to the contrary.

 

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In addition, under the U.S. tax rules known as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”), a Non-U.S. Holder will generally be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax on dividends in respect of our common stock if the Non-U.S. Holder is not FATCA compliant or holds its common stock through a foreign financial institution that is not FATCA compliant. In order to be treated as FATCA compliant, a Non-U.S. Holder must provide certain documentation (usually an IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E) containing information about its identity, its FATCA status and, if required, its direct and indirect U.S. owners. These requirements may be modified by the adoption or implementation of a particular intergovernmental agreement between the United States and another country or by future U.S. Treasury Regulations. Documentation that Non-U.S. Holders provide in order to be treated as FATCA compliant may be reported to the IRS and other tax authorities, including information about a Non-U.S. Holder’s identity, its FATCA status and, if applicable, its direct and indirect U.S. owners.

If a Non-U.S. Holder is eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. federal withholding tax pursuant to an applicable income tax treaty or otherwise, the Non-U.S. Holder may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS.

Investors should consult their own tax advisors about how these information reporting and withholding tax rules may apply to their investment in shares of our common stock.

Sale, Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Stock

Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax with respect to gain recognized on a sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of shares of our common stock.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Information returns are required to be filed with the IRS with respect to payments made to certain U.S. and Non-U.S. Holders in connection with distributions or the sale or other disposition of our common stock. In addition, certain U.S. Holders may be subject to backup withholding tax in respect of such payments if they do not provide their taxpayer identification numbers to the applicable withholding agent, fail to certify that they are not subject to backup withholding tax or otherwise fail to comply with applicable backup withholding tax rules. Non-U.S. Holders may be required to comply with applicable certification procedures to establish that they are Non-U.S. Holders in order to avoid the application of certain information reporting requirements or backup withholding tax. Any amount paid as backup withholding may be creditable against the holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability or allowed as a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

 

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UNDERWRITING

We are offering the shares of common stock described in this prospectus through a number of underwriters. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and Jefferies LLC are acting as representatives of the underwriters. We have entered into an underwriting agreement with the underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each underwriter has severally agreed to purchase, at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of shares of common stock listed next to its name in the following table:

 

Name

   Number of
Shares
 

J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

  

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

  

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC

  

Jefferies LLC

  

Barclays Capital Inc.

  

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

  

RBC Capital Markets, LLC

  

BNP Paribas Securities Corp

  

KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc.

                       

Citizens Capital Markets, Inc.

  

ING Financial Markets LLC

  
  

 

 

 

Total

  
  

 

 

 

The underwriters are committed to purchase all the common shares offered by us if they purchase any shares. The underwriting agreement also provides that if an underwriter defaults, the purchase commitments of non-defaulting underwriters may also be increased or the offering may be terminated.

The underwriters propose to offer the common shares directly to the public at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to certain dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $                 per share. Any such dealers may resell shares to certain other brokers or dealers at a discount of up to $                 per share from the initial public offering price. After the initial offering of the shares to the public, if all of the common shares are not sold at the initial public offering price, the underwriters may change the offering price and the other selling terms. The offering of the shares by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters’ right to reject any order in whole or in part. Sales of any shares made outside of the United States may be made by affiliates of the underwriters.

The underwriters have an option to buy up to                  additional shares of common stock from us to cover sales of shares by the underwriters which exceed the number of shares specified in the table above. The underwriters have 30 days from the date of this prospectus to exercise this option to purchase additional shares. If any shares are purchased with this option to purchase additional shares, the underwriters will purchase shares in approximately the same proportion as shown in the table above. If any additional shares of common stock are purchased, the underwriters will offer the additional shares on the same terms as those on which the shares are being offered.

The underwriting fee is equal to the public offering price per share of common stock less the amount paid by the underwriters to us per share of common stock. The underwriting fee is $                 per share. The following table shows the per share and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

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     Without
option to
purchase
additional shares
exercise
     With full
option to
purchase
additional shares
exercise
 

Per Share

   $                            $                        

Total

   $        $    

We estimate that the total expenses of this offering, including registration, filing and listing fees, printing fees and legal and accounting expenses, but excluding the underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $                . We have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for expenses up to $                related to clearance of this offering with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”).

A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the web sites maintained by one or more underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in the offering. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of shares to underwriters and selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the representatives to underwriters and selling group members that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.

We and our executive officers, directors and substantially all holders of our common stock have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock during the period from the date of this prospectus continuing through the date 180 days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of                 .

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.

We have applied to list our common stock on the Nasdaq under the symbol “SHC.”

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, which involves making bids for, purchasing and selling shares of common stock in the open market for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock while this offering is in progress. These stabilizing transactions may include making short sales of common stock, which involves the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares of common stock than they are required to purchase in this offering, and purchasing shares of common stock on the open market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales may be “covered” shorts, which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares referred to above, or may be “naked” shorts, which are short positions in excess of that amount. The underwriters may close out any covered short position either by exercising their option to purchase additional shares, in whole or in part, or by purchasing shares in the open market. In making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market compared to the price at which the underwriters may purchase shares through the option to purchase additional shares. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. To the extent that the underwriters create a naked short position, they will purchase shares in the open market to cover the position.

The underwriters have advised us that, pursuant to Regulation M of the Securities Act of 1933, they may also engage in other activities that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the common stock, including the imposition of penalty bids. This means that if the representatives of the underwriters purchase common stock in the open market in stabilizing transactions or to cover short sales, the representatives can require the underwriters that sold those shares as part of this offering to repay the underwriting discount received by them.

 

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These activities may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of the common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock, and, as a result, the price of the common stock may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If the underwriters commence these activities, they may discontinue them at any time. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on the Nasdaq, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiations between us and the representatives of the underwriters. In determining the initial public offering price, we and the representatives of the underwriters expect to consider a number of factors including:

 

   

the information set forth in this prospectus and otherwise available to the representatives;

 

   

our prospects and the history and prospects for the industry in which we compete;

 

   

an assessment of our management;

 

   

our prospects for future earnings;

 

   

the general condition of the securities markets at the time of this offering;

 

   

the recent market prices of, and demand for, publicly traded common stock of generally comparable companies; and

 

   

other factors deemed relevant by the underwriters and us.

Neither we nor the underwriters can assure investors that an active trading market will develop for our common shares, or that the shares will trade in the public market at or above the initial public offering price.

Certain of the underwriters and their affiliates have provided in the past to us and our affiliates and may provide from time to time in the future certain commercial banking, financial advisory, investment banking and other services for us and such affiliates in the ordinary course of their business, for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions. In addition, from time to time, certain of the underwriters and their affiliates may effect transactions for their own account or the account of customers, and hold on behalf of themselves or their customers, long or short positions in our debt or equity securities or loans, and may do so in the future.

The underwriters and their affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include sales and trading, commercial and investment banking, advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, market making, brokerage and other financial and non-financial activities and services. The underwriters and their respective affiliates have provided, and may in the future provide, a variety of these services to the issuer and to persons and entities with relationships with the issuer, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses.

In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates, officers, directors and employees may purchase, sell or hold a broad array of investments and actively traded securities, derivatives, loans, commodities, currencies, credit default swaps and other financial instruments for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and trading activities may involve or relate to assets, securities and/or instruments of the issuer (directly, as collateral securing other obligations or otherwise) and/or persons and entities with relationships with the issuer. The underwriters and their affiliates may also communicate independent investment recommendations, market color or trading ideas and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such assets, securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they should acquire, long and/or short positions in such assets, securities and instruments.

Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is

 

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required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area and the United Kingdom

In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area and the United Kingdom (each a “Relevant State”), no shares have been offered or will be offered pursuant to this offering to the public in that Relevant State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the shares which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation, except that offers of shares may be made to the public in that Relevant State at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Regulation:

 

  a.

to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under the Prospectus Regulation;

 

  b.

to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under the Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any such offer; or

 

  c.

in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation,

provided that no such offer of shares shall require the company or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation.

Each person in a Relevant State (other than a Relevant State where there is a permitted public offer) who initially acquires any shares or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with the company and the underwriters that it is a qualified investor within the meaning of the Prospectus Regulation.

In the case of any shares being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in Article 5(1) of the Prospectus Regulation, each such financial intermediary will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the shares acquired by it in the offer have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in circumstances which may give rise to an offer to the public other than their offer or resale in a Relevant State to qualified investors, in circumstances in which the prior consent of the underwriters has been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.

The company, the underwriters and their affiliates will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the foregoing representations, acknowledgements and agreements.

For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to any shares in any Relevant State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any shares, and the expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 (as amended).

References to the Prospectus Regulation includes, in relation to the UK, the Prospectus Regulation as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018.

 

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Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

In addition, in the United Kingdom, this document is being distributed only to, and is directed only at, and any offer subsequently made may only be directed at persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Prospectus Regulation) (i) who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended (the “Order”) and/or (ii) who are high net worth companies (or persons to whom it may otherwise be lawfully communicated) falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”) or otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted and will not result in an offer to the public of the shares in the United Kingdom within the meaning of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.

Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on the information included in this document or use it as basis for taking any action. In the United Kingdom, any investment or investment activity that this document relates to may be made or taken exclusively by relevant persons.

Notice of Prospective Investors in Switzerland

This prospectus is not intended to constitute an offer or solicitation to purchase or invest in the shares. The shares may not be publicly offered, directly or indirectly, in Switzerland within the meaning of the Swiss Financial Services Act (“FinSA”) and no application has or will be made to admit the shares to trading on any trading venue (exchange or multilateral trading facility) in Switzerland. Neither this prospectus nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the shares constitutes a prospectus pursuant to the FinSA, and neither this prospectus nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the shares may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the Dubai International Financial Centre

This prospectus relates to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Markets Rules 2012 of the Dubai Financial Services Authority (“DFSA”). This prospectus is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the Markets Rules 2012 of the DFSA. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus nor taken steps to verify the information set forth herein and has no responsibility for the prospectus. The shares to which this prospectus relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the shares offered should conduct their own due diligence on the shares. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus you should consult an authorized financial advisor.

In relation to its use in the DIFC, this prospectus is strictly private and confidential and is being distributed to a limited number of investors and must not be provided to any person other than the original recipient, and may not be reproduced or used for any other purpose. The interests in the securities may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly to the public in the DIFC.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia

This prospectus:

 

   

does not constitute a disclosure document or a prospectus under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) (the “Corporations Act”);

 

   

has not been, and will not be, lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (“ASIC”), as a disclosure document for the purposes of the Corporations Act and does not purport to include the information required of a disclosure document for the purposes of the Corporations Act; and

 

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may only be provided in Australia to select investors who are able to demonstrate that they fall within one or more of the categories of investors, available under section 708 of the Corporations Act (“Exempt Investors”).

The shares may not be directly or indirectly offered for subscription or purchased or sold, and no invitations to subscribe for or buy the shares may be issued, and no draft or definitive offering memorandum, advertisement or other offering material relating to any shares may be distributed in Australia, except where disclosure to investors is not required under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act or is otherwise in compliance with all applicable Australian laws and regulations. By submitting an application for the shares, you represent and warrant to us that you are an Exempt Investor.

As any offer of shares under this document will be made without disclosure in Australia under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act, the offer of those securities for resale in Australia within 12 months may, under section 707 of the Corporations Act, require disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D.2 if none of the exemptions in section 708 applies to that resale. By applying for the shares you undertake to us that you will not, for a period of 12 months from the date of sale of the shares, offer, transfer, assign or otherwise alienate those shares to investors in Australia except in circumstances where disclosure to investors is not required under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act or where a compliant disclosure document is prepared and lodged with ASIC.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong

The shares have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold in Hong Kong, by means of any document, other than (a) to “professional investors” as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “SFO”) of Hong Kong and any rules made thereunder; or (b) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” as defined in the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32 of Hong Kong) (the “CO”) or which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the CO. No advertisement, invitation or document relating to the shares has been or may be issued or has been or may be in the possession of any person for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” as defined in the SFO and any rules made thereunder.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan

The shares have not been and will not be registered pursuant to Article 4, Paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan. Accordingly, none of the shares nor any interest therein may be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any “resident” of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the benefit of a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan in effect at the relevant time.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore

Each underwriter has acknowledged that this prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, each underwriter has represented and agreed that it has not offered or sold any shares or caused the shares to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase and will not offer or sell any shares or cause the shares to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, and has not circulated or distributed, nor will it circulate or distribute, this prospectus or

 

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any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the shares, whether directly or indirectly, to any person in Singapore other than:

 

  (a)

to an institutional investor (as defined in Section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289) of Singapore, as modified or amended from time to time (the “SFA”)) pursuant to Section 274 of the SFA;

 

  (b)

to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA; or

 

  (c)

otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.

Where the shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is:

 

  (a)

a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or

 

  (b)

a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor,

securities or securities-based derivatives contracts (each term as defined in Section 2(1) of the SFA) of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the shares pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 of the SFA except:

 

  (i)

to an institutional investor or to a relevant person, or to any person arising from an offer referred to in Section 275(1A) or Section 276(4)(i)(B) of the SFA;

  (ii)

where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer;

 

  (iii)

where the transfer is by operation of law;

 

  (iv)

as specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA; or

 

  (v)

as specified in Regulation 37A of the Securities and Futures (Offers of Investments) (Securities and Securities-based Derivatives Contracts) Regulations 2018.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada

The shares may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the shares must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP, New York, New York will pass upon the legality of the shares of common stock to be issued in this offering. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters by Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, New York, New York.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements and schedules of Sotera Health Company (formerly known as Sotera Health Topco, Inc.) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for each of the years then ended, appearing in this prospectus and the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act, with respect to our common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which forms part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. Some items are omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information about us and our common stock, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement filed as part of the registration statement. The SEC maintains an Internet site at www.sec.gov, from which you can electronically access the registration statement, including the exhibits to the registration statement.

As a result of this offering, we will become subject to the full informational requirements of the Exchange Act. We will fulfill our obligations with respect to such requirements by filing periodic reports and other information with the SEC. We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing financial statements that have been examined and reported on, with an opinion expressed by an independent registered public accounting firm. We also maintain an Internet site at http://www.soterahealth.com. Our website is not a part of this prospectus.

 

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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of Sotera Health Company

  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     F-2  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2019 and December  31, 2018

     F-3  

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018

     F-4  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December  31, 2019 and December 31, 2018

     F-5  

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018

     F-6  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     F-7  

Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of the Registrant

     F-52  

Condensed Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2019 and December  31, 2018

     F-52  

Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018

     F-53  

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December  31, 2019 and December 31, 2018

     F-54  

Notes to Condensed Financial Information

     F-55  

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

     F-57  

Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements of Sotera Health Company

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June  30, 2020 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2019

     F-58  

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019

     F-59  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019

     F-60  

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019

     F-61  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

     F-62  

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Sotera Health Company (formerly known as Sotera Health Topco, Inc.)

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Sotera Health Company (the Company) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), equity (deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes and schedules (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.

Akron, Ohio

September 2, 2020

 

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Sotera Health Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

 

     As of  
     December 31,     December 31,  
     2019     2018  

Assets

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 62,863     $ 96,272  

Restricted cash short-term

     162       514  

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $787 in 2019 and $928 in 2018

     88,644       100,010  

Inventories, net

     37,396       37,599  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     52,644       57,359  

Income taxes receivable

     10,645       17,840  

Assets held for sale

     —         3,268  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     252,354       312,862  

Property, plant, and equipment, net

     581,954       586,436  

Deferred income taxes

     2,252       15,764  

Other assets

     12,243       4,154  

Other intangible assets, net

     696,006       766,054  

Goodwill

     1,035,865       1,023,314  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 2,580,674     $ 2,708,584  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and equity

    

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 42,004     $ 46,355  

Accrued liabilities

     58,536       75,709  

Deferred revenue

     3,631       4,615  

Current portion of long-term debt

     16,331       15,343  

Current portion of capital lease obligations

     1,288       1,352  

Current portion of asset retirement obligations

     2,200       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     123,990       143,374  

Long-term debt, less current portion

     2,800,873       2,189,563  

Capital lease obligations, less current portion

     29,883       31,535  

Noncurrent asset retirement obligations

     42,996       40,543  

Deferred lease income

     21,375       20,955  

Post-retirement obligations

     31,266       19,411  

Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest

     13,625       13,625  

Noncurrent liabilities

     20,563       32,605  

Deferred income taxes

     137,235       171,482  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     3,221,806       2,663,093  

Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)

    

Equity:

    

Common stock, with $0.01 par value, 3,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018

     —         —    

Additional paid-in capital

     —         164,733  

Retained earnings (deficit)

     (548,187     (10,417

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (94,387     (109,957
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity (deficit) attributable to Sotera Health Company

     (642,574     44,359  

Noncontrolling interests

     1,442       1,132  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity (deficit)

     (641,132     45,491  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity (deficit)

   $ 2,580,674     $ 2,708,584  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts)

 

     Year Ended  
     December 31,     December 31,  
     2019     2018  

Revenues:

    

Service

   $  673,037     $  615,510  

Product

     105,290       130,639  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total net revenues

     778,327       746,149  

Cost of revenues:

    

Service

     333,290       326,559  

Product

     49,606       62,338  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues

     382,896       388,897  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     395,431       357,252  

Operating expenses:

    

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     147,480       133,363  

Amortization of intangible assets

     58,562       57,975  

Impairment of long-lived assets

     5,792       34,981  

Impairment of GA-MURR intangible assets

     —         50,086  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     211,834       276,405  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

     183,597       80,847  

Interest expense, net

     157,729       143,326  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

     30,168       —    

Foreign exchange loss

     3,862       13,075  

Gain on sale of Medical Isotopes business

     —         (95,910

Other income, net

     (7,246     (3,866
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

     (916     24,222  

Provision for income taxes

     19,509       30,098  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

     (20,425     (5,876

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

     425       (6
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to Sotera Health Company

   $ (20,850   $ (5,870
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive (loss) income net of tax:

    

Pension and post-retirement benefits (net of taxes of ($4,085) and $294, respectively)

   $ (12,126   $ 873  

Interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $63 and $0, respectively)

     179       —    

Foreign currency translation

     27,402       (67,917
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss)

     (4,970     (72,920

Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

     310       (186
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss attributable to Sotera Health

    

Company

   $ (5,280   $ (72,734
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss per share

    

Basic and diluted

   $ (6,950   $ (1,957

Pro forma basic and diluted (unaudited)

                                      

Weighted average number of shares outstanding

    

Basic and diluted

     3,000       3,000  

Pro forma basic and diluted (unaudited)

                                      

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

 

     Year Ended  
     December 31,     December 31,  
     2019     2018  

Operating activities

    

Net loss

     $ (20,425)       $ (5,876)  

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation

     66,671       66,910  

Amortization of intangible assets

     80,048       79,906  

Impairment of long-lived assets

     5,792       34,981  

Impairment of GA-MURR intangible assets

     —         50,086  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

     30,168       —    

Deferred income taxes

     (18,993     (45,317

Share-based non-cash compensation expense

     6,882       6,943  

Accretion of asset retirement obligations

     2,051       1,330  

Unrealized foreign exchange (gains) / losses

     3,325       13,460  

(Gain)/loss on embedded derivative instruments

     (1,200     1,019  

Amortization of debt issuance costs

     8,291       7,270  

Gain on sale of Medical Isotopes business

     —         (95,910

Other

     (5,218     726  

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable

     11,764       (2,906

Inventories

     (282     (7,041

Other current assets

     15,322       2,500  

Accounts payable

     (8,968     15,125  

Accrued liabilities

     (18,405     (6,935

Income taxes payable/receivable

     (7,771     4,724  

Other liabilities

     724       (2,627

Other long-term assets

     (735     1,195  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

     149,041       119,563  

Investing activities

    

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

     (57,257     (72,613

Purchase of Gibraltar Laboratories, net of cash acquired

     —         (50,603

Purchase of Nelson Labs NV, net of cash acquired

     —         432  

Proceeds from sale of the Medical Isotopes business

     —         212,993  

Other

     —         6,429  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     (57,257     96,638  

Financing activities

    

Proceeds from borrowings

     3,144,600       —    

Payments of debt issuance costs and prepayment premium

     (17,034     —    

Dividends and distributions to shareholders

     (691,170     (175,845

Payments on debt

     (2,561,084     (14,634

Other

     (1,342     (1,378
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

     (126,030     (191,857

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     485       (3,676
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash

     (33,761     20,668  

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period

     96,786       76,118  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period

   $ 63,025     $ 96,786  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information

    

Cash paid during the period for interest

   $ 151,005     $ 138,850  

Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of tax refunds received

     44,614       68,610  

Property and equipment acquired under capital leases

     1,337       617  

Equipment purchases included in accounts payable

     5,197       3,487  

See notes to consolidated financial statements.    

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit)

(thousands of U.S. dollars, except share amounts)

 

                Additional
Paid-In
Capital
    Retained
Earnings /
(Accumulated
Deficit)
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
    Noncontrolling
Interests
    Total
Equity
 
    Shares     Amount  
    Common     Common  
    Stock     Stock  

Balance at January 1, 2018

    3,000     $ —       $ 306,610     $ 22,630       $(43,093     $1,318     $ 287,465  

Dividends and distributions to shareholders

    —         —         (148,668     (27,177     —         —         (175,845

Purchase of noncontrolling interests in Sterigenics Belgium Fleurus, S.A.

    —         —         (152     —         —         —         (152

Non-cash share-based compensation

    —         —         6,943       —         —         —         6,943  

Comprehensive income (loss):

             

Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax

    —         —         —         —         873       —         873  

Foreign currency translation

    —         —         —         —         (67,737     (180     (67,917

Net income (loss)

    —         —         —         (5,870     —         (6     (5,876
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2018

    3,000       —         164,733       (10,417     (109,957     1,132       45,491  

Cumulative-effect adjustment upon adoption of ASU 2014-09 (Note 2)

    —         —         —         2,635       —         —         2,635  

Dividends and distributions to shareholders

    —         —         (171,615     (519,555     —         —         (691,170

Non-cash share-based compensation

    —         —         6,882       —         —         —         6,882  

Comprehensive income (loss):

             

Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax

    —         —         —         —         (12,126     —         (12,126

Foreign currency translation

    —         —         —         —         27,517       (115     27,402  

Interest rate swaps

    —         —         —         —         179       —         179  

Net income (loss)

    —         —         —         (20,850     —         425       (20,425
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2019

    3,000     $ —       $ —       $ (548,187   $ (94,387   $ 1,442     $ (641,132
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.    

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation – Sotera Health Company (formerly known as Sotera Health Topco, Inc.) (also referred to herein as the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or “its”), is a fully integrated provider of mission-critical health sciences, lab services and sterilization solutions with operations primarily in the Americas, Europe and Asia.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, operating results, and cash flows of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

We operate and report in three segments, Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. We describe our reportable segments in the Segment and Geographic Information note. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Noncontrolling interests represents the noncontrolling stockholders’ proportionate share of the total equity in the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries. On February 28, 2018, we purchased the remaining 3.8% of equity in Sterigenics Belgium Fleurus, S.A. from noncontrolling stockholders for $0.3 million. As of December 31, 2019, our subsidiaries were wholly owned by us, except for noncontrolling interests of 15% and 33% in our two China subsidiaries. In addition, a 15% noncontrolling interest remains from the August 2018 acquisition of Gibraltar Laboratories, Inc. (now known as Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc.). See the Acquisitions and Dispositions note for additional details. We consolidate the results of operations of these subsidiaries with our results of operations and reflect the noncontrolling interests in our two China subsidiaries on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as “Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests.” Our required future purchase of 15% noncontrolling interest in Gibraltar Laboratories, Inc., is considered mandatorily redeemable, and therefore no earnings are allocated to this noncontrolling interest.

Use of Estimates – In preparing our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP, we make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and the accompanying notes. We regularly evaluate the estimates and assumptions used and revise them as new information becomes available. Actual results may vary from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents may include various deposit accounts and money market funds.

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts Receivable – We maintain an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable for estimated losses in the collection of amounts owed to us by customers. We estimate the allowance based on analyzing a number of factors, including amounts written off historically, customer payment practices, and general economic conditions. We also analyze significant customer accounts on a regular basis and record a specific allowance when we become aware of a specific customer’s inability to pay, and generally require no collateral from our customers. We generally do not charge interest on accounts receivable. We record write-offs against the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable when all reasonable efforts for collection have been exhausted. As a result, the related accounts receivable are reduced to an amount that we reasonably believe is collectible. These analyses require judgment. If the financial condition of our customers worsens, or economic conditions change, we may be required to make changes to our allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable.

Inventories – Inventories as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are held at Nordion. Finished goods and work-in-process include the cost of material, labor, and certain manufacturing overhead such as insurance,

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

repairs and maintenance, and property taxes, and are recorded on a weighted average cost basis at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We review inventory on an ongoing basis, considering factors such as deterioration and obsolescence. We record a reserve for excess and obsolete inventory, which was immaterial at December 31, 2019 and 2018, when the facts and circumstances indicate that particular inventories will not be usable. If future market conditions vary from those projected, and our estimates prove to be inaccurate, we may be required to write-down inventory values and record an adjustment to cost of revenues.

Property, Plant, and Equipment – Property, plant, and equipment is carried at cost, or initially at fair value if acquired in an acquisition, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Except for Cobalt 60 (“Co-60”), a radioactive isotope used in gamma radiation sterilization, all property, plant, and equipment depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are amortized over their estimated useful lives or the term of the related lease, whichever is shorter. Co-60 is amortized using an accelerated method, which relates to the natural radioactive decay of the isotope over its estimated useful life which is approximately twenty years. Amortization of Co-60 is included within depreciation expense as a cost of revenue. Expenditures for major software purchases and software developed for internal use are capitalized and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which are generally three to five years. For software obtained or developed for internal use, all external direct costs for materials and services and certain personnel costs incurred to develop the software during the application development stage are capitalized. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had undepreciated software costs of $4.7 million and $5.2 million, respectively, included in property, plant, and equipment, net. We recognized $3.0 million and $3.3 million, of depreciation expense related to software costs for the years ending December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Depreciation is computed using the assets’ estimated useful lives as presented below:

 

Buildings and building improvements

     15–44 years  

Machinery and equipment

     3–30 years  

Leasehold improvements

     2–20 years  

Furniture and fixtures

     3–10 years  

Computer hardware and software

     2–7 years  

From time to time, we build or expand facilities. The cost of construction of these facilities is reflected as construction-in-progress until the asset is ready for its intended use, at which time the costs are reclassified to the appropriate depreciable category of property, plant, and equipment and depreciation commences. Fixed asset projects requiring one or more years to complete construction qualify for capitalization of interest costs in accordance with our policy. Interest related to property, plant and equipment projects with a construction period of less than one year are not capitalized and are immaterial. Repairs and maintenance costs that do not extend the useful life of an asset are expensed as incurred.

Upon sale or retirement of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation is removed from the consolidated balance sheet, and the resulting gain or loss is reflected as a component of operating income.

Long-Lived Assets Other than Goodwill – We review long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangibles for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset or asset group may be impaired. Events or circumstances which would result in an impairment assessment include operating losses, a significant change in the use of an asset or asset group, or the planned disposal or sale of the asset or asset group. The asset or asset group would be considered impaired when the future net undiscounted cash flows generated by the asset or asset group are less than its carrying value. An impairment loss would be recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value of the asset or asset group exceeds its estimated fair value.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Amortization of intangible assets is computed using the asset’s estimated useful lives as presented below:

 

Land-use rights

     50 years  

Customer contracts and related relationships

     10–15 years  

Proprietary technology

     8–20 years  

Trade name/trademark

     10–15 years  

Sealed source and supply agreements

     7–20 years  

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangibles – Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, primarily certain regulatory licenses and tradenames, are tested for impairment annually as of October 1. If circumstances change during interim periods between annual tests that would indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable, the Company would test such assets at an interim date for impairment. Factors which would necessitate an interim impairment assessment include prolonged negative industry or economic trends and significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results.

We performed a quantitative assessment of all reporting units (Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs) as of October 1, 2019. The fair value of each reporting unit was calculated using a discounted cash flow analysis which was dependent on subjective market participant assumptions determined by management. We further corroborated such discounted cash flow analyses utilizing a market approach to determine the estimated enterprise fair value. Assumptions used in the analyses included discount rates and projected operating cash flows. Estimates of future cash flows are based upon relevant data at a point-in-time, are subject to change, and could vary from actual results. The estimated fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying amount (including goodwill) by a minimum of 60% as of October 1, 2019. We performed a qualitative impairment assessment to evaluate any potential impairment to the indefinite-lived intangible assets. We considered significant events and circumstances that could affect the significant inputs used to determine the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets, and determined, after considering the totality of evidence that it is not more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible assets are impaired. In addition, there have been no significant events or circumstances that occurred since the annual assessment date of October 1 that would change the conclusions reached above.

Derivative Instruments – We may enter into derivative instruments and hedging activities to manage, where possible and economically efficient, commodity price risk, foreign currency exchange rate risk and interest rate risk related to borrowings. We also have identified embedded derivatives in certain supply and customer contracts. Certain interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges allowing for changes in fair value to be recorded through comprehensive income (loss). Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) will be reclassified into earnings in the same periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings and are presented in “Interest expense, net” within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). With the exception of aforementioned interest rate swaps, we currently do not designate any other contracts as hedges for accounting purposes. Derivatives not designated as hedges are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets, with any changes in the value being recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) in the same line item as the corresponding hedged item. We classify cash flows from derivative instruments and hedging activities as cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. To the extent derivative arrangements are with the same counterparty and contractual right of offset exists under applicable master agreements, we offset assets and liabilities for reporting on the consolidated balance sheets.

Pension, Post-Retirement and Other Post-Employment Benefit Plans – We sponsor a defined-contribution retirement plan that covers substantially all U.S. employees. We also sponsor various post-employment benefit plans at our Nordion business in Canada including defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, retirement compensation arrangements and plans that provide extended health care coverage to retired

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

employees. In addition, we provide other benefit plans at our foreign subsidiaries including a supplemental retirement arrangement, a retirement and termination allowance and post-retirement benefit plans, which include contributory healthcare benefits and contributory life insurance coverage. All non-pension post-employment benefit plans are unfunded.

These costs and obligations are affected by assumptions including the discount rate, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, the annual rate of change in compensation for eligible employees, estimated changes in costs of healthcare benefits, and other demographic and economic factors. We review the assumptions used on an annual basis.

We recognize the over/under funded status of defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefits plans in our consolidated balance sheets. This amount is measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation. Changes in the funded status of the plans are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) in the year they occur. We measure plan assets and obligations as of the balance sheet date. We provide additional information about our pension and other post-retirement benefits plans in the Employee Benefits note.

Asset Retirement Obligations (“ARO”) – ARO are legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets or the exit of a leased facility. We recognize a liability for an ARO in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made, and the associated asset retirement costs are then capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. We lease various facilities where sterilization and ionization services are performed. Under the lease agreements, we are required to return the facilities to their original condition and to perform decommissioning activities. In addition, certain of our owned facilities are required to be decommissioned when we vacate the facility. Accretion expense is recognized in cost of revenues in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) over time as the discounted liability is accreted to its expected settlement value.

Deferred Financing Costs – We have incurred deferred financing fees associated with our long-term debt. The portion of these fees that are capitalized are recorded as a reduction of debt on the consolidated balance sheets and amortized into interest expense over the term of the debt agreement using the effective interest method. Deferred financing costs associated with the Company’s revolving credit facilities are classified as assets unless there are outstanding borrowings under such arrangements.

Concentration of Credit Risk, Other Risks and Uncertainties – We maintain cash and cash equivalents in the form of demand deposits in accounts with major financial institutions in the U.S. and in countries where our subsidiaries operate. Deposits in these institutions may exceed amounts of insurance provided on such accounts. We have not experienced any losses on our deposits of cash and cash equivalents.

Our net revenues and accounts receivable are derived from customers located primarily in North America and Europe.

No customer accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable at December 31, 2019 and 2018, or 10% or more of net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Income Taxes –We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes whereby we recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets will be reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on management’s estimate, it is more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized in a future period. The estimates used in the recognition of deferred tax assets are subject to revision in future periods based on new facts and circumstances.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

We determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we presume that the position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority and that the taxing authority will have full knowledge of all relevant information. A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Determining what constitutes an individual tax position and whether the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is met for a tax position are matters of judgment based on the individual facts and circumstances of that position evaluated in light of all available evidence. We review and adjust tax estimates periodically because of ongoing examinations by, and settlements with, the various taxing authorities, as well as changes in tax laws, regulations, and precedent.

Our policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters as a component of the provision for income taxes in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Foreign Currency Translation – The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is generally the local currency. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are generally translated into U.S. dollars at the current rates of exchange as of the balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses are translated using weighted-average rates prevailing during the period. Adjustments from foreign currency translation are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The foreign exchange loss in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) relates primarily to U.S. denominated intercompany indebtedness in certain of our European and Canadian subsidiaries.

Revenue Recognition – The majority of our sales agreements contain performance obligations satisfied at a point-in-time when control of promised goods or services have transferred to our customers. For agreements with multiple performance obligations, judgment is required to determine whether performance obligations specified in these agreements are distinct and should be accounted for as separate revenue transactions for recognition purposes. In these types of agreements, we generally allocate the sales price to each distinct obligation based on the relative price of each item sold in stand-alone transactions. Sales recognized over time are generally accounted for using an input measure to determine progress completed as of the end of the period.

Refunds, returns, warranties and other related obligations are not material to any of our segments, nor do we incur material incremental costs to secure customer contracts.

Our Sterigenics segment provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets. We typically have multiyear service contracts with our significant customers, and these sales contracts are primarily based on a customer’s purchase order. Given the relatively short turnaround times, performance obligations are generally satisfied at a point-in-time upon the completion of sterilization or irradiation processing once approved by our quality assurance process at which time the service is complete. Sterigenics segment revenues are included in service revenues in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Our Nordion segment is a global provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are key components to the gamma sterilization process. Revenue from the sale of Co-60 sources is recognized as product revenue at a point-in-time upon satisfaction of our performance obligations for delivery of existing sources. Revenue from the production of equipment is recognized as product revenue over time using an input measure of costs incurred and is immaterial to the overall business. Revenues from Co-60 installation and disposal and production irradiator refurbishments and installations are recognized as service revenue.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Our Nelson Labs segment provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries. We provide our customers mission-critical lab testing services, which assess the product quality, effectiveness, patient safety and end-to-end sterility of products. These services are necessary for our customers’ regulatory approvals, product releases and ongoing product performance evaluations. Nelson Labs services are generally provided on a fee-for-service or project basis, and we recognize revenues over time using an input measure of time incurred to determine progress completed at the end of the period. Nelson Labs segment revenues are included in service revenues in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

We do not capitalize sales commissions as substantially all of our sales commission programs have an amortization period of one year or less. Furthermore, costs to fulfill a contract are not material.

Provisions for discounts, rebates to customers, and other adjustments are provided for as reductions in net revenues in the period the related sale is recorded. Shipping and handling charges billed to customers are included in net revenues, and the related shipping and handling costs are included in cost of net revenues on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by us from a customer, are excluded from net revenue.

Payment terms vary by the type and location of the customer and the products or services offered. Generally, the time between when revenue is recognized and when payment is due is not significant. We do not evaluate whether the selling price contains a financing component for contracts that have a duration of less than one year.

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted accounting standard update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”), as further described in the Recent Accounting Standards note. Prior to its adoption, revenue was recognized upon the completion of sterilization or irradiation processing once approved by our quality assurance process at which time the service was considered complete. Product revenue from the sale of Co-60 was recognized upon delivery, whereas related service revenue from installation and disposal services was recognized when services were completed. Nelson Labs services were recognized upon finalization of each test, typically evidenced with the shipment of a technical laboratory report.

Share-Based Compensation – Equity-based awards issued to employees include restricted unit awards, which vest based on either time or the achievement of certain performance and market conditions (“performance awards”). These equity-based awards represent an interest in our parent, Sotera Health Topco Parent, L.P., and are granted in respect of services provided to the Company and its subsidiaries. Compensation expense resulting from time vesting based awards is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), primarily within general and administrative expenses at the grant date fair value over the requisite service period (typically five years on a straight-line basis for time vested awards). Compensation expense resulting from awards that vest upon satisfaction of a performance condition is recognized at grant date fair value when the performance condition is deemed probable, which may cause volatility in the timing of expense recognition. The calculated compensation expense for performance awards is adjusted based on an estimate of awards ultimately expected to vest. For awards with market conditions, the market condition is taken into account when calculating grant date fair value.

The fair value of performance based restricted unit awards is estimated using a simulation-based option valuation model incorporating multiple and variable assumptions over time, including assumptions such as unit price volatility, dividend and other assumptions.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Earnings (Loss) Per Share – Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to Sotera Health Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income (loss) per common share incorporates the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents on an average basis during the period. For the periods presented, there were no dilutive effects of common stock equivalents.

Commitments and Contingencies – Certain conditions may exist as of the date of the consolidated financial statements which may result in a loss to the Company but will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. Such liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties, and other sources, are recorded when management assesses that it is probable that a future liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Recoveries of costs from third parties, which management assesses as being probable of realization, are recorded to the extent related contingent liabilities are accrued. Legal costs incurred in connection with matters relating to contingencies are expensed in the period incurred. We record gain contingencies when realized.

2. Recent Accounting Standards

Adoption of Accounting Standard Updates

Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and all related amendments, with new guidance on recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. Under this guidance, revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 also requires expanded disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The new guidance primarily affects the Nelson Labs segment.

We applied the new guidance to all contracts that were not yet completed at the date of adoption using the modified retrospective method. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new guidance as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings (deficit). Comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods.

The adjustments made to our January 1, 2019 consolidated balance sheet for the adoption of the standards update were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Balance at
December 31,
2018
    Adjustments for
New Standard
     Balance at
January 1, 2019
 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

   $ 57,359     $ 3,613      $ 60,972  

Deferred income taxes

     171,482       978        172,460  

Retained earnings (deficit)

     (10,417     2,635        (7,782

The impact of the adoption of the new revenue requirements on our consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2019 was an increase of $1.0 million to net revenues and a benefit of $0.8 million to net loss.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The impact of adoption of the new revenue requirements on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 was as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   As Reported     Less Effect of
Adoption
    Balance without
Adoption
 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

   $ 52,644     $ 4,622     $ 48,022  

Income tax receivable

     10,645       (1,204     11,849  

Deferred income taxes

     137,235       (37     137,198  

Retained earnings (deficit)

     (548,187     (3,381     (551,568

Accounting Standard Updates Issued But Not Yet Adopted

Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. As an emerging growth company, we have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies or at which time we conclude it is appropriate to avail ourselves of early adoption provisions of applicable standards. As a result, our results of operations and financial statements may not be comparable to the results of operations and financial statements of other companies who have adopted the new or revised accounting standards.

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”). The updated standard requires substantially all leases to be reported on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease obligations. Topic 842 is effective for private companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. Topic 842 permits a modified retrospective transition method with the option to elect a package of practical expedients. We elected to early adopt the new standard as of January 1, 2020 resulting in the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $47.4 million and $48.9 million, respectively. The standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) or on our consolidated statements of cash flows. The level of disclosures related to leases will increase and require changes to our internal controls to support recognition and disclosure requirements under Topic 842.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (“ASU 2016-13”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and subsequently issued additional guidance that modified ASU 2016-13. The standard requires an entity to change its accounting approach in determining impairment of certain financial instruments, including trade receivables, from an “incurred loss” to a “current expected credit loss” model. The standard will be effective for private companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within such fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-13 will have on our financial position, results of operations, and disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes and makes a number of changes meant to add or clarify guidance on accounting for income taxes. This update is effective for annual financial statement periods beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been filed. We are currently assessing the effect that ASU 2019-12 will have on our financial position, results of operations, and disclosures.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

3. Revenue Recognition

The following table shows disaggregated net revenues from contracts with external customers by timing of revenue and by segment for the year ended December 31, 2019:

 

     Sterigenics      Nordion      Nelson Labs      Consolidated  

Point in time

   $ 471,708      $ 116,165      $ —        $ 587,873  

Over time

     —          —          190,454        190,454  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 471,708      $ 116,165      $ 190,454      $ 778,327  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Contract Balances

As of December 31, 2019, and January 1, 2019, contract assets included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet totaled approximately $8.5 million and $8.4 million, respectively, resulting from revenue recognized over time in excess of the amount billed to the customer.

When we receive consideration from a customer prior to transferring goods or services under the terms of a sales contract, we record deferred revenue, which represents a contract liability. Deferred revenue totaled $3.6 million and $4.6 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We recognize deferred revenue after we have transferred control of the goods or services to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria are met.

4. Acquisitions and Dispositions

Acquisition of Gibraltar Laboratories (now known as Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc.)

On August 7, 2018, we acquired 85% of the outstanding shares of Gibraltar Laboratories, Inc. (“Gibraltar”) for $50.6 million, net of cash acquired of $0.5 million. Pursuant to the transaction agreement, we are required to acquire the 15% noncontrolling interest within three years from the date of acquisition. As a result of our requirement to purchase the noncontrolling interest in the future, it represents a mandatorily redeemable financial instrument and the related liability was initially recorded at its estimated fair value of $13.6 million. Subsequent changes in fair value have been immaterial. Based on the mandatory nature of the obligation, no earnings are allocated to the noncontrolling interest.

Gibraltar’s operations are in the New Jersey tri-state area, home to many of the top pharmaceutical manufacturers in the U.S., and it provides microbiological and analytical chemistry testing for pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers. We acquired Gibraltar primarily for its expertise and customer relationships in testing and servicing the pharmaceutical industry. Additionally, its analytical testing capabilities expanded our presence in the Northeast region of the U.S. and enhanced Nelson Labs’ existing strengths in medical device microbiology and expert advisory services.

The opening balance sheet for the Gibraltar acquisition reflects the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values at the acquisition date.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The fair value of the underlying acquired assets and assumed liabilities at August 7, 2018, the date of the Gibraltar acquisition, was as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Allocation of purchase price to the fair

value of net assets acquired (net of cash

acquired):

   Amounts
Recognized as
of December 31,
2018
    Measurement
Period
Adjustments
    Final Acquisition
Date Fair Value
 

Goodwill

   $ 32,586     $ 1,589     $ 34,175  

Intangibles

     34,582       (762     33,820  

Property, plant, and equipment

     5,444       (866     4,578  

Working capital, net

     646       —         646  

Deferred income tax liability

     (8,875     39       (8,836

Other assets/liabilities, net

     (155     —         (155
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total estimated purchase price

   $ 64,228     $ —       $ 64,228  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Approximately $34.2 million of goodwill was recorded related to the Gibraltar acquisition, representing the excess of the purchase price over estimated fair values of all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The fair value allocated to goodwill and tangible and intangible assets are not deductible for tax purposes. The qualitative elements of goodwill primarily represent the expanded future growth opportunities for the combined company, resulting from contributing factors such as synergies related to cross-selling opportunities with our other businesses, and the addition of Gibraltar’s highly skilled workforce. We recorded $33.8 million for intangible assets as part of the acquisition related to customer relationships, proprietary technology, and the Gibraltar tradename.

Gibraltar’s results of operations are included in our consolidated financial statements from the date of the transaction within the Nelson Labs segment. Had the transaction occurred on January 1, 2018, unaudited pro forma consolidated results for 2018, would have been as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year Ended December 31,

   2018  

Net revenues

   $ 755,955  

Net loss

     (2,672

The unaudited pro forma consolidated results are based on our historical financial statements and those of Gibraltar, and do not necessarily indicate the results of operations that would have resulted had the acquisition been completed at the beginning of 2018. The unaudited pro forma consolidated results do not give effect to any synergies of the acquisition and are not indicative of the results of operations in future periods.

Net revenues and net income from the Gibraltar Laboratories acquisition included in the Company’s results since August 7, 2018, the date of the acquisition, are as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year Ended December 31,

   2019      2018  

Net revenues

   $ 17,549      $ 6,593  

Net income

     3,833        1,318  

In connection with the Gibraltar acquisition, we incurred approximately $0.5 million and $1.3 million in transaction costs for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Disposition of the Medical Isotopes Business

On July 30, 2018 we finalized the sale of our Medical Isotopes (“MI”) business to a subsidiary of BWX Technologies, Inc. (“BWXT”) for $213.0 million. Through the agreement, BWXT acquired essentially all the former medical isotope net assets, including the medical isotope operation and contract manufacturing services in Kanata, Ontario and the medical isotope operation in Vancouver, British Columbia. Both companies continue to operate from Nordion’s licensed facility in Kanata, Ontario, and approximately 150 employees transitioned to BWXT at the close of the sale. As a result of the transaction, we recorded a gain on sale of approximately $95.9 million, net of transaction expenses totaling $3.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2018. In addition, we recorded deferred income of $22.7 million and $2.0 million related to the lease of the Kanata facility and its associated regulatory licenses, respectively. The deferred income related to the lease of the Kanata facility is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the 40-year lease period, including lease extensions deemed probable of occurring. The deferred income on the associated operating licenses is included within “Deferred lease income” on the consolidated balance sheets and will be recognized over a period not to exceed 2 years from the date the transaction closed in accordance with the period of time by which BWXT is expected to obtain its own regulatory licenses for the site. The disposition of the MI business does not, nor is it expected to, have a major effect on the Company’s consolidated operations and financial results. Prior to its divestiture, MI revenue was $25.4 million and income before income taxes, excluding the gain on sale, was not material in 2018.

5. Inventories

Inventories consist primarily of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Raw materials and supplies

   $ 29,640     $ 31,037  

Work-in-process

     1,961       1,371  

Finished goods

     5,892       5,284  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     37,493     37,692  

Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory

     (97     (93
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Inventories

   $ 37,396     $ 37,599  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

6. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist primarily of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

             

As of December 31,

   2019      2018  

Prepaid taxes

   $ 18,614      $ 14,459  

Prepaid business insurance

     3,422        3,511  

Prepaid rent

     1,088        1,164  

Accrual for revenue from customers

     8,508        4,755  

Insurance and indemnification receivables

     2,751        16,516  

Current deposits

     5,060        4,800  

Prepaid maintenance contracts

     397        305  

Derivative instruments (see Financial Instruments note)

     242        752  

Value added tax receivable

     1,034        2,491  

Prepaid software licensing

     1,089        985  

Stock supplies

     2,263        1,943  

Other

     8,176        5,678  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

   $ 52,644      $ 57,359  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The reduction in insurance and indemnification receivables is primarily a result of the final judgment and settlement of litigation at Nordion. Refer to the Accrued Liabilities note.

7. Property, Plant and Equipment and Capital Leases

Property, plant, and equipment, net, consists of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Land and buildings

   $ 279,913     $ 252,472  

Leasehold improvements

     44,808       47,119  

Machinery, equipment, including Co-60

     459,728       428,755  

Furniture and fixtures

     6,984       6,432  

Computer hardware and software

     38,602       31,591  

Asset retirement costs

     4,313       3,888  

Construction-in-progress

     42,168       50,796  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     876,516     821,053  

Less accumulated depreciation

     (294,562     (234,617
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Property, plant and equipment, net

   $ 581,954     $ 586,436  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization expense for property, plant, and equipment, including property under capital leases, was $66.7 million and $66.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Capitalized interest totaled $0.1 million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and was recorded as a reduction in “Interest expense, net” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Capital Leases

Included in the table above are certain assets we lease that are classified as capital leases with various terms. Assets held under such lease arrangements are included in property, plant, and equipment, net, as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Machinery and equipment

   $ 4,970     $ 4,800  

Buildings

     34,226       34,569  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     39,196     39,369  

Less accumulated depreciation

     (8,121     (5,774
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Capital leases, net

   $ 31,075     $ 33,595  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As discussed in the Commitments and Contingencies note, we have been involved in litigation related to our ethylene oxide sterilization operations in Willowbrook, Illinois. On September 30, 2019, we announced plans to exit our operations in Willowbrook citing the unstable legislative and regulatory landscape in Illinois as well as the expiration of the primary Willowbrook facility lease. Prior to this decision, we had approximately $9.8 million in net book value of fixed assets at the Willowbrook facilities, including $1.8 million of construction in process. Based on our initial estimate of fixed assets that can be transferred to other Sterigenics’ facilities, we recorded a fixed asset impairment of approximately $5.8 million as recognized in “Impairment of long-lived assets” in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2019. Further, in conjunction with the decision not to reopen our Willowbrook facilities, we incurred certain restructuring costs consisting of employee termination benefits totaling $1.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2019. The $1.2 million in costs represents all termination benefits costs expected to be incurred in connection with the Willowbrook closure, and are included in “Cost of revenues” on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) and are included in our Sterigenics segment. Decommissioning of the Willowbrook facilities began in October 2019 and is anticipated to take until the end of 2020. At December 31, 2019, we had an ARO of approximately $2.9 million representing our estimate of the costs to decommission the Willowbrook operations, of which $2.2 million is anticipated to be spent in the next 12 months as included in the “Current portion of asset retirement obligations” within the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019. This amount reflects incremental expense to increase the ARO in 2019 by $1.1 million based on higher expected demolition costs and is included in “Cost of revenues” on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

In 2015, we began working with General Atomics (“GA”) and the Missouri University Research Reactor (“MURR”) on a joint project (“GA-MURR project”) to replace our supply of Molybdenum-99 (“Mo-99”) utilized in our former MI operations, the production of which ceased after the previous supplier exited the market. This was a multi-year capital project to construct assets dedicated to the production of Mo-99. As a result of a strategic review of the MI business and other factors, we withdrew from the project in early April 2018. We wrote off $32.7 million of long-lived assets and inventory of $0.3 million. We incurred $2.4 million related to contract termination and exit costs associated with the project which were paid in the year recognized. The total fixed asset impairment charge of $32.7 million was recognized as a component of “Impairment of long-lived assets” in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the year-ended December 31, 2018. The $0.3 million of inventory write-offs and $2.4 million of contract termination and exit costs were included in “Cost of revenues” and “Selling, general and administrative expenses”, respectively, in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2018. The aforementioned expenses related to the GA-MURR project are reflected as a component of Other within the Segment and Geographic Information note.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

In the first quarter of 2018, management made plans to pursue the sale of a Nordion office building and associated land. As a result, these assets were classified as held-for-sale and an impairment of $2.3 million was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2018 based on the estimated selling price for the property and was recognized as a component of “Impairment of long-lived assets” in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The then estimated fair value of approximately $3.3 million is reported as “Assets held for sale” in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018. In 2019, management determined this asset was no longer held for sale and decided to pursue other uses of the property.

8. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Changes to goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Sterigenics     Nordion     Nelson Labs     Other     Total  

Goodwill at January 1, 2018

   $ 638,029     $ 292,293     $ 87,954     $ 70,926     $ 1,089,202  

Gibraltar Laboratories acquisition1

     —         —         32,586       —         32,586  

Disposition of Medical Isotopes business

     —         —         —         (68,156     (68,156

Toxikon Europe acquisition measurement period adjustments

     —         —         1,428       —         1,428  

Reallocation of goodwill

     (20,000     —         20,000       —         —    

Changes due to foreign currency exchange rates

     (4,392     (23,021     (1,563     (2,770     (31,746
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Goodwill at December 31, 2018

     613,637       269,272       140,405       —         1,023,314  

Gibraltar Laboratories acquisition1 measurement period adjustments

     —         —         1,589       —         1,589  

Changes due to foreign currency exchange rates

     (948     12,618       (708     —         10,962  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Goodwill at December 31, 2019

   $ 612,689     $ 281,890     $ 141,286     $ —       $ 1,035,865  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

1 

Gibraltar Laboratories is now known as Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc.

Of the gross balances outstanding as of December 31, 2019, $490.8 million, $69.1 million and $235.7 million of customer relationships, proprietary technology, and sealed source and supply agreements, respectively, were initially recorded upon the recapitalization of the Company in connection with the acquisition by the Sponsors in 2015. We recorded additional customer relationship and proprietary technology intangibles of $121.3 million and $18.9 million, respectively, in conjunction with acquisitions in the period from 2015 through 2018, the majority of which related to the 2016 acquisition of Nelson Laboratories.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Other intangible assets consist of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

As of December 31, 2019

   Gross Carrying
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
 

Finite-lived intangible assets

     

Customer relationships

   $ 612,068      $   248,931  

Proprietary technology

     87,971        30,224  

Trade names

     7,201        1,860  

Land-use rights

     8,896        1,011  

Sealed source and supply agreements

     235,706        74,825  

Other

     336        243  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total finite-lived intangible assets

     952,178        357,094  

Indefinite-lived intangible assets

     

Regulatory licenses and other1

     80,103        —    

Trade names / trademarks

     20,819        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total indefinite-lived intangible assets

     100,922        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 1,053,100      $ 357,094  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2018

   Gross Carrying
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
 

Finite-lived intangible assets

     

Customer relationships

   $ 611,529      $ 193,077  

Proprietary technology

     86,948        23,020  

Trade names

     7,209        1,371  

Land-use rights

     9,013        803  

Sealed source and supply agreements

     225,084        56,017  

Other

     343        134  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total finite-lived intangible assets

     940,126        274,422  

Indefinite-lived intangible assets

     

Regulatory licenses and other1

     76,493        —    

Trade names / trademarks

     23,857        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total indefinite-lived intangible assets

     100,350        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 1,040,476      $ 274,422  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Amounts include the impact of foreign currency translation. Fully amortized amounts are written off.

 

1 

Includes certain transportation certifications, a class 1B nuclear license and other intangibles related to obtaining such licensure. These assets are considered indefinite-lived as the decision for renewal by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission is highly based on a licensee’s previous assessments, reported incidents, and annual compliance and inspection results. New applications for license can take a significant amount of time and cost; whereas an existing licensee with a historical record of compliance and current operating conditions more than likely ensures renewal for another 10 year license period as Nordion has demonstrated over its 70 years of history.

As referenced in the Property, Plant and Equipment and Capital Leases note, we withdrew from the GA-MURR project in early April 2018. In addition to the impairment of fixed assets, an intangible asset initially recorded at

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

its estimated fair value in connection with the Company’s 2015 change in control related to the Company’s MURR supply agreement with a carrying value of $50.1 million was written off. The resulting impairment charge of $50.1 million was recognized in “Impairment of GA-MURR intangible assets” in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Amortization expense for other intangible assets was $80.0 million ($21.5 million is included in “Cost of revenues” and $58.5 million in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss)) and $79.9 million ($21.9 million is included in “Cost of revenues” and $58.0 million in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss)) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The estimated aggregate amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

      

2020

   $ 80,854  

2021

     80,426  

2022

     76,486  

2023

     76,476  

2024

     75,696  

Thereafter

     205,146  
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 595,084  
  

 

 

 

The weighted-average remaining useful life of the finite-lived intangible assets was approximately 10 years as of December 31, 2019.

9. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

             

As of December 31,

   2019      2018  

Accrued employee compensation

   $ 28,912      $ 26,895  

Legal reserves

     2,751        18,506  

Accrued interest expense

     10,648        9,998  

Embedded derivatives

     3,478        5,248  

Professional fees

     4,329        5,390  

Accrued utilities

     1,135        1,049  

Insurance accrual

     1,241        1,478  

Accrued taxes

     2,363        2,651  

Other

     3,679        4,494  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Accrued liabilities

   $ 58,536      $ 75,709  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The reduction in legal reserves is a result of the final judgment and settlement of litigation at Nordion in early 2019 for which we had insurance and indemnification receivables for a significant portion. Refer to the Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets note.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

10. Long-Term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations consist of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Term loan, due 2022

   $ —       $ 1,350,303  

Senior notes, due 2023

     —         450,000  

Term loan, due 2026

     2,120,000       —    

Senior notes, due 2027

     770,000       —    

Senior PIK Toggle notes due 2021

     —         425,000  

Capital lease obligations

     31,171       32,887  

Other long-term debt

     881       2,049  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term debt and capital lease obligations

     2,922,052       2,260,239  

Less current portion

     (17,619     (16,695

Less unamortized debt issuance costs and debt discounts

     (73,677     (22,446
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term debt and capital lease obligations, less current portion and debt issuance costs and debt discounts

   $ 2,830,756     $ 2,221,098  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Debt Facilities

1st Lien Senior Secured Credit Facilities

On December 13, 2019, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC (“SHH”), our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into new Senior Secured 1st Lien Credit Facilities (the “1st Lien Credit Facilities”) and settled its previously outstanding term loan and senior notes.

The 1st Lien Credit Facilities consist of both a 1st Lien Term Loan (“Term Loan”) and Revolving Credit Facility that provide for additional senior secured financing of $190.0 million. The Term Loan matures on December 13, 2026, and the Revolving Credit Facility matures on December 13, 2024. The 1st Lien Credit Facilities also provide SHH the right at any time and under certain conditions to request incremental term loans or incremental revolving credit commitments based on a formula defined in the 1st Lien Credit Facilities. As of December 31, 2019, total borrowings under the Term Loan were $2,120.0 million and the Revolving Credit Facility remained unutilized. The Term Loan may bear interest at LIBOR or an alternate base rate (“ABR”) subject to a 1.00% floor plus, an incremental margin of 4.50% in the case of LIBOR loans and 3.50% in the case of ABR loans.

Beginning on June 30, 2020, the Term Loan is paid in equal quarterly installments in aggregate annual amounts equal to 1.0% of the Term Loan original principal amount, while the remaining balance matures on December 13, 2026. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the Term Loan at December 31, 2019 was 6.29%.

As of December 31, 2019, capitalized debt issuance costs and debt discounts totaled $4.7 million and $44.0 million, respectively, related to the 1st Lien Credit Facilities. Such costs are recorded as a reduction of debt on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.

Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin, plus, at our option, either (a) an ABR or (b) a LIBOR rate. The applicable margin under the Revolving Credit Facility may be reduced by reference to a leverage-based pricing grid with step-downs of 0.25% at a specified

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

senior secured first lien net leverage ratios. In addition to paying interest on any outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, SHH is required to pay a commitment fee to the lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility in respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder and customary letter of credit fees. As of December 31, 2019, there are no borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility contains a maximum senior secured first lien net leverage ratio covenant of 9.00 to 1.00, tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter if, on the last day of such fiscal quarter, the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of the revolving loans then outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, plus (ii) the aggregate amount of letter of credit (“LC”) disbursements that have not been reimbursed within two business days following the end of the fiscal quarter, exceeds the greater of $76.0 million and 40.0% of the aggregate principal amount of the revolving commitments then in effect. Although this covenant did not apply as the conditions were not met, as of December 31, 2019 the first lien net leverage ratio, as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility, was approximately 5.40 to 1.00.

The 1st Lien Credit Facilities contain additional covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to engage in certain activities, such as incur indebtedness or permit to exist any lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, as specified in the debt facility. The 1st Lien Credit Facilities also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control. As of December 31, 2019, we were in compliance with all the 1st Lien Credit Facilities covenants.

All of SHH’s obligations under the 1st Lien Credit Facilities are unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of the Company, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the 1st Lien Credit Facilities, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the 1st Lien Credit Facilities.

Outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by encumbrances against the Revolving Credit Facility and the collateral pledged thereunder, or by cash placed on deposit with the issuing bank. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $62.5 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility of $127.5 million.

In October 2017, SHH entered into two interest rate cap agreements with a total notional amount of $400.0 million for a total premium of $0.6 million. The interest rate caps limit the Company’s cash flow exposure related to the LIBOR base rate under the variable rate term loan borrowings to 3.0%. The interest rate cap agreements terminate on September 30, 2020. The interest rate caps were not designated as hedges and are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets, with any changes in the value being recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). See the Financial Instruments and Financial Risk note for a summary of the activity of the interest rate caps for the periods presented.

During the third quarter of 2019, SHH entered into two interest rate swap agreements to hedge exposure to interest rate movements and to manage interest expense related to outstanding variable-rate debt. These swaps were designated as hedges against the changes in cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged. We receive interest at one-month LIBOR and pay a fixed interest rate under the terms of the swap agreement. The swap agreements terminated on August 31, 2020. The notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements totals $1,000.0 million. See the Financial Instruments and Financial Risk note for a summary of the activity of the interest rate swaps for the periods presented.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

2nd Lien Senior Secured Notes

On December 13, 2019, SHH issued $770.0 million of 2nd Lien Senior Secured Notes (the “2nd Lien Notes”), which mature on December 13, 2027. The 2nd Lien Notes bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR subject to a 1.00% floor plus 8.00% per annum. The weighted average interest rate on the 2nd Lien Notes at December 31, 2019 was 9.89%.

SHH is entitled to redeem all or a portion of the 2nd Lien Notes, at any time and from time to time, subject to certain premiums depending on the date of redemption: any time prior to December 13, 2020, a customary make-whole premium applies and, thereafter, specified premiums that decline to zero apply (in each case as described in the indenture governing the 2nd Lien Notes). In addition, under certain circumstances, such as an initial public offering or certain changes of control, SHH has certain additional redemption rights (as described in the indenture governing the 2nd Lien Notes).

All of SHH’s obligations under the 2nd Lien Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of the Company, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the 2nd Lien Notes, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the 2nd Lien Notes. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the 1st Lien Credit Facilities, and any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the 1st Lien Credit Facilities has priority over any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the 2nd Lien Notes.

As of December 31, 2019, capitalized debt issuance costs and debt discounts were $1.8 million and $23.2 million, respectively, related to the 2nd Lien Notes, which are recorded as a reduction of debt on our consolidated balance sheet and amortized into interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.

2019 Refinancing

In conjunction with the December 2019 refinancing, the Company redeemed, in full, the previously outstanding $1,659.0 million aggregate Term Loan due 2022, its $450.0 million Senior Notes due 2023 (“Senior Notes”) and $425.0 million Senior PIK (“paid in kind”) Toggle Notes due 2021. In total, we wrote off $13.5 million of debt issuance and discount costs and recognized $14.6 million representing premiums paid in connection with the early extinguishment of the Senior Notes. In connection with the refinancing, we also recognized an additional $2.1 million of expense related to debt issuance and discount costs. We recognized these costs within the loss on extinguishment of debt in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Any additional proceeds were used to fund a dividend to shareholders of $275.0 million.

Prior to the refinancing referenced above, the Company had the following long-term debt:

 

   

Senior secured credit facilities consisting of a term loan and a revolving credit facility that provided for additional senior secured financing of $172.5 million. Borrowings under the term loan bore interest at either (i) an alternative base rate (“ABR”) plus an additional margin of 2.00% or (ii) LIBOR plus an additional margin of 3.00%. Each of ABR and LIBOR were subject to a floor of 1.00%,

 

   

$450 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes, at an interest rate of 6.5% per annum, payable semi-annually, and

 

   

$425 million aggregate principal amount of Senior PIK (“paid in kind”) Toggle notes at a rate of 8.125%/8.875% per annum, payable semi-annually.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Aggregate Maturities

Aggregate maturities of the Company’s long-term debt, including capital leases, and excluding debt discounts, as of December 31, 2019, are as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

      

2020

   $ 17,619  

2021

     22,304  

2022

     22,300  

2023

     22,833  

2024

     22,523  

Thereafter

     2,814,473  
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 2,922,052  
  

 

 

 

Aggregate Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Capital Leases

As of December 31, 2019, aggregate future minimum lease payments under capital leases are as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

      

2020

   $ 3,158  

2021

     2,900  

2022

     2,824  

2023

     2,833  

2024

     2,892  

Thereafter

     36,453  
  

 

 

 

Total minimum lease payments

     51,060  

Less amounts representing interest

     (19,889
  

 

 

 

Present value of net minimum lease payments

   $ 31,171  
  

 

 

 

11. Income Taxes

The geographic sources of income (loss) before income taxes were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

Year ended December 31,

   2019     2018  

U.S.

   $ (99,733   $ (45,134

Foreign

     98,817       69,356  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

   $ (916   $ 24,222  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-26


Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Provision for income taxes consists of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

Year ended December 31,

   2019     2018  

Current

    

Federal U.S.

   $ 17,954     $ 22,302  

State U.S.

     3,662       4,882  

Foreign

     16,886       48,233  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current provision

     38,502       75,417  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Deferred

    

Federal U.S.

     (18,177     (15,437

State U.S.

     (5,958     (2,396

Foreign

     5,142       (27,486
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred benefit

     (18,993     (45,319
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total provision for income taxes

   $ 19,509     $ 30,098  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The provision for income taxes is reconciled with the U.S. federal statutory rate as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

Year ended December 31,

   2019     2018  

(Benefit) provision computed at federal statutory rate

   $ (192   $ 5,088  

(Decrease) increase in taxes as a result of:

    

State taxes, net of federal benefit

     (2,681     (247

Valuation allowance

     5,147       (641

Global intangible low-tax income (GILTI)

     10,349       4,902  

Nondeductible share-based compensation

     3,545       1,458  

Foreign tax rate

     5,550       5,571  

Impact of rate changes on deferred tax balances

     (559     5,296  

Tax holiday

     (571     (456

Audit settlement

     879       2,517  

Other

     (1,958     6,610  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total provision for income taxes

   $ 19,509     $ 30,098  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The components of the tax effects of temporary differences and carryforwards that gave rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Net operating loss carryforwards

   $ 10,876     $ 11,173  

Net capital loss carryforwards

     3,916       —    

Reserves and accruals

     14,246       16,700  

Employee benefits and compensation

     8,279       5,434  

Unrealized foreign currency exchange

     3,083       2,464  

Asset retirement obligation

     10,535       9,380  

Disallowed interest carryforward

     41,723       21,161  

Other

     5,393       5,130  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance

     98,051       71,442  

Valuation allowance

     (22,962     (16,678
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net deferred tax assets

     75,089       54,764  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

     (210,010     (178,764

Partnership basis difference

     —         (31,627

Other

     (62     (91
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

     (210,072     (210,482
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liabilities

   $ (134,983   $ (155,718
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Noncurrent net deferred tax assets

   $ 2,252     $ 15,764  

Noncurrent net deferred tax liabilities

     (137,235     (171,482
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Noncurrent net deferred tax liabilities

   $ (134,983   $ (155,718
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had available state net operating loss carryforwards of $11.8 million and $0, respectively, of which $11.5 million have no expiration date, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $44.2 million and $46.7 million, respectively, the majority of which have no expiration date. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, a valuation allowance was established against foreign net operating loss carryforwards for $12.4 million and $12.1 million, respectively. Based on management’s assessment, it is not more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will be realized through future taxable income.

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, no deferred tax liability has been recorded for repatriation of earnings for purposes of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as these earnings are deemed to be indefinitely reinvested. Determining the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability related to any remaining undistributed foreign earnings not subject to the transition tax and additional outside basis difference in these entities (i.e., basis difference in excess of that subject to the one-time transition tax) is not practicable.

As of December 31, 2019, and 2018, the gross reserve for uncertain tax positions, excluding accrued interest and penalties, was $0 and $9.9 million, respectively, as noted in the following reconciliation. In 2018 an allowance of $8.8 million was established relating to the uncertainty of the deductibility of certain assets in relation to Nordion’s sale of its Medical Isotopes business, which uncertainties were resolved in 2019. The uncertain tax positions were reversed in 2019 once full deductibility was confirmed.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The Company’s unrecognized income tax benefits were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

For the period from January 1 – December 31,

   2019     2018  

Gross unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of year

   $ 10,239     $ 1,383  

Additions related to current year

     —         8,832  

Changes related to prior years

     —         300  

Settlements

     (9,939     —    

Other

     —         (276
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross unrecognized tax benefits, end of period

   $ 300     $ 10,239  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties as part of the provision for income taxes. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions that were recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) were not material.

The Company, which represents all of its subsidiaries, files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, and local tax examinations before 2015, and non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2010. Tax years through December 31, 2016 have been audited by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and are effectively closed for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The 2017 tax year is currently under audit. For Nordion’s Canadian tax, all tax years through October 31, 2014 have been closed through audit or statute, and fiscal year 2016 is currently under audit.

A portion of the Company’s foreign operations benefit from a tax holiday, which is set to expire in 2025. This tax holiday may be terminated early if certain conditions are not met. The tax benefit attributable to this holiday was $0.6 million and $0.5 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

12. Employee Benefits

Employee Retirement Benefits in the U.S.

We have a defined-contribution retirement plan that covers all U.S. employees upon date of hire. Contributions are directed by each participant into various investment options. Under this plan, we match participants’ contributions based on plan provisions. The Company’s contributions, which are expensed as incurred, were $3.8 million and $3.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and are recorded in the same line as the respective employee’s wages. Administrative expenses related to the plan are paid by the Company and are not material.

Employee Retirement Benefits Outside the U.S.

The Company participates in qualified supplemental retirement and savings plans in various countries outside the U.S. where we operate. Under these defined-contribution plans, funding and costs are generally based upon a predetermined percentage of employee compensation. The Company’s contributions, which are expensed as incurred and recorded in the same line as the respective employee’s wages were $1.1 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Defined Benefit Pension Plans

The Company also sponsors various post-employment benefit plans including, in certain countries outside the U.S., defined benefit and retirement compensation arrangements, and plans that provide extended health care coverage to retired employees, the majority of which relate to Nordion.

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

The interest cost and expected return on plan assets are recorded in “Other income, net” and the service cost component is included in the same financial statement line item as the applicable employee’s wages in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The components of net periodic benefit cost for the defined benefit pension plans were as follows.

 

Year ended December 31,

            

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   2019     2018  

Service cost

   $ 1,147     $ 2,258  

Interest cost

     8,521       8,690  

Expected return on plan assets

     (13,218     (13,170
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net periodic benefit

   $ (3,550   $ (2,222
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following weighted average assumptions were used in the determination of the projected benefit obligation and the net periodic benefit:

 

Year ended December 31,

   2019     2018  

Projected benefit obligation

    

Discount rate

     3.07     3.67

Rate of compensation increase

     3.00     3.00

Periodic benefit

    

Discount rate

     3.67     3.59

Expected return on plan assets

     5.50     5.00

Rate of compensation increase

     3.00     3.00

 

F-30


Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The changes in the projected benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, and the funded status of the plans are as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Change in projected benefit obligation

    

Projected benefit obligation, as of beginning of the year

   $ 246,922     $ 284,977  

Service cost

     1,353       2,684  

Interest cost

     8,521       8,690  

Benefits paid

     (10,663     (10,954

Actuarial loss (gain)

     35,813       (12,375

Curtailments

     —         (4,313

Foreign currency exchange rate changes

     12,329       (21,787
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Projected benefit obligation, end of year

   $ 294,275     $ 246,922  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Change in fair value of plan assets

    

Fair value of plan assets as of the beginning of the year

     238,204       272,835  

Actual return on plan assets

     35,045       (4,726

Benefits paid

     (10,663     (10,954

Employer contributions

     725       1,576  

Employee contributions

     205       426  

Foreign currency exchange rate changes

     11,732       (20,953
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Fair value of plan assets, end of year

   $ 275,248     $ 238,204  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Underfunded status at end of year

   $ (19,027   $ (8,718
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accumulated benefit obligation, end of year

   $ 288,355     $ 241,983  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

All defined benefit pension plans are underfunded as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

The funded status measured as the difference between the fair value of the plan assets and the projected benefit obligation are included in post-retirement obligations in the consolidated balance sheets.

A reconciliation of the funded status to amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets is as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Projected benefit obligation

   $ 294,275     $ 246,922  

Fair value of plan assets

     275,248       238,204  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Plan assets less than projected benefit obligation

     (19,027     (8,718

Unrecognized net actuarial loss

     36,166       20,922  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net amount recognized at year end

   $ 17,139     $ 12,204  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Noncurrent liabilities

   $ (19,027   $ (8,718

Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss

     36,166       20,922  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net amount recognized at year end

   $ 17,139     $ 12,204  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-31


Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The following table illustrates the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss that have not yet been recognized as components of pension expense:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Net actuarial loss

   $ 36,166     $ 20,922  

Deferred income taxes

     (9,136     (5,285
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss – net of tax

   $ 27,030     $ 15,637  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The weighted average asset allocation of the Company’s pension plans was as follows:

 

Asset Category

   Target     2019     2018  

Cash

     0     0.2     0.3

Fixed income

     40     39.5     43.5

Equities

     37     37.6     56.2

Hedge Funds

     23     22.7     0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     100     100     100
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company maintains target allocation percentages among various asset classes based on investment policies established for the pension plans, which are designed to maximize the total rate of return (income and appreciation) after inflation, within the limits of prudent risk taking, while providing for adequate near-term liquidity for benefit payments. Such investment strategies have adopted an equity-based philosophy in order to achieve their long-term investment goals by investing in assets that often have uncertain returns, such as Canadian and other foreign equities, and non-government bonds. However, the Company also attempts to reduce its overall level of risk by diversifying the asset classes and further diversifying within each individual asset class.

The Company’s expected return on asset assumptions are derived from studies conducted by actuaries and investment advisors. The studies include a review of anticipated future long-term performance of individual asset classes and consideration of the appropriate asset allocation strategy given the anticipated requirements of the plans to determine the average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested to provide for the pension plans benefits. While the study considers recent fund performance and historical returns, the assumption is primarily a long-term, prospective rate.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The following table provides a basis of fair value measurement for plan assets held by the Company’s pension plans that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Refer to the discussion of fair value hierarchy in the Financial Instruments and Financial Risk note.

 

As of December 31, 2019

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Level 1      Level 2      Total  

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 550      $ —        $ 550  

Fixed income securities

     —          108,723        108,723  

Equity securities

     —          92,208        92,208  

Hedge Funds

     —          73,767        73,767  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 550        $274,698      $ 275,248  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2018

   Level 1      Level 2      Total  

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 714      $ —        $ 714  

Fixed income securities

     —          103,619        103,619  

Equity securities

     —          133,871        133,871  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 714      $ 237,490      $ 238,204  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Expected future benefit payments from plan assets are as follows:

 

Year ended December 31

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

      

2020

   $ 11,126  

2021

     11,647  

2022

     12,034  

2023

     12,314  

2024

     12,584  

2025 – 2029

     66,160  
  

 

 

 
   $ 125,865  
  

 

 

 

Other Post Retirement Benefit Plans

Other benefit plans are all related to our foreign subsidiaries and include a supplemental retirement arrangement, a retirement and termination allowance, and post-retirement benefit plans, which include contributory health and dental care benefits and contributory life insurance coverage. All, but one, non-pension post-employment benefit plans are unfunded.

 

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Table of Contents

Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The interest cost and amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss are recorded in “Other income, net” and the service cost component is included in the same financial statement line item as the applicable employee’s wages in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The components of net periodic benefit cost for the other post-retirement benefit plans were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year Ended December 31,

   2019      2018  

Service cost

   $ 30      $ 61  

Interest cost

     372        358  

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss

     123        1  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net periodic benefit cost

   $ 525      $ 420  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The weighted average assumptions used to determine the projected benefit obligation and net periodic pension cost for these plans were as follows:

 

Year Ended December 31,

   2019     2018  

Projected benefit obligation

    

Discount rate

     3.13     3.52

Rate of compensation increase

     3.0     3.0

Initial health care cost trend rate

     7.0     5.72

Ultimate health care cost trend rate

     4.0     4.5

Years until ultimate trend rate is reached

     13       14  

Benefit cost

    

Discount rate

     3.52     3.55

Rate of compensation increase

     3.0     3.0

Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. A one-percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have had the following impact on our consolidated financial statements in 2019:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   1% Increase      1% Decrease  

Change in net periodic benefit cost

   $ 27      $ (25

Change in projected benefit obligation

     979        (802

 

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The changes in the projected benefit obligation and the funded status of the other post-retirement plans were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Change in projected benefit obligation

    

Projected benefit obligation

   $ 11,019     $ 12,842  

Service cost

     30       61  

Interest cost

     372       358  

Benefits paid

     (676     (752

Actuarial loss (gain)

     1,166       (603

Curtailments

     170       88  

Foreign currency exchange rate changes

     540       (975
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Projected benefit obligation, end of year

   $ 12,621     $ 11,019  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Change in fair value of plan assets

    

Fair value of plan assets as of the beginning of the year

   $ 325     $ 306  

Benefits paid

     (676     (752

Employer contributions

     546       628  

Employee contributions

     170       168  

Foreign currency exchange rate changes

     16       (25
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Fair value of plan assets, end of year

   $ 381     $ 325  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Underfunded status at end of year

   $ (12,240   $ (10,694
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accumulated benefit obligation, end of year

   $ 12,473     $ 10,880  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

All other post-retirement benefit pension plans are underfunded as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

A reconciliation of the funded status to the net plan liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance sheets is as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Projected benefit obligation

   $ (12,621   $ (11,019

Fair value of plan assets

     381       325  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Plan assets less than projected benefit obligation

     (12,240     (10,694

Unrecognized actuarial gains (losses)

     107       (913
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net amount recognized at year end

   $ (12,133   $ (11,607
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Noncurrent liabilities

   $ (12,240   $ (10,694

Accumulative other comprehensive income (loss)

     107       (913
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net amount recognized at year end

   $ (12,133   $ (11,607
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The other benefit plan liabilities are presented on the consolidated balance sheets as post retirement obligations.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The following table illustrates the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) that have not yet been recognized as components of other benefit plan expense:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

As of December 31,

   2019     2018  

Net actuarial income (loss)

   $ 107     $ (913

Deferred income taxes

     (27     229  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) – net of tax

   $ 80     $ (684
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Based on the actuarial assumptions used to develop the Company’s benefit obligations as of December 31, 2019, the following benefit payments are expected to be made to plan participants:

 

Years ended December 31 (thousands of U.S. dollars)

      

2020

   $ 617  

2021

     610  

2022

     614  

2023

     590  

2024

     565  

2025 – 2029

     2,783  
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 5,779  
  

 

 

 

We currently expect funding requirements of approximately $3.0 million in each of the next five years to fund the regulatory solvency deficit, as defined by Canadian federal regulation, which require solvency testing on defined benefit pension plans.

During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we contributed $0.7 million and $0.6 million, respectively, to defined benefit plans on behalf of our employees.

The Company may obtain a qualifying letter of credit for solvency payments, up to 15% of the market value of solvency liabilities as determined on the valuation date, instead of paying cash into the pension fund. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had letters of credit outstanding relating to the defined benefit plans totaling $41.0 million and $38.0 million, respectively. The deficit has risen due to falling real interest rates where the pension liabilities increased more than the increase in the value of pension assets. The actual funding requirements over the five-year period will be dependent on subsequent annual actuarial valuations. These amounts are estimates, which may change with actual investment performance, changes in interest rates, any pertinent changes in Canadian government regulations and any voluntary contributions.

13. Related Parties

The immediate family of a member of management are 25% owners of a facility that is under lease by the Company through June 2024, with one five-year renewal option through June 2029. The rental expense related to this facility is approximately $1.0 million per year.

During 2017, the Company issued loans totaling $0.6 million to two members of management to assist with the purchase of Class A Units. The loans are interest-bearing, and repayment of each loan is required within 3 years from the date of its execution. The total value of the loans as of December 31, 2018 was $0.1 million, and they were fully paid off in 2019.

 

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In addition, we do business with a number of other companies affiliated with Warburg Pincus and GTCR, our Sponsors. All transactions with these companies have been conducted in the ordinary course of our business and are not material to our operations.

14. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are presented net of the related tax. Foreign currency translation is not adjusted for income taxes.

Changes in our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances, net of tax, were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Defined
Benefit
Plans
    Foreign
Currency
Translation
    Interest
Rate
Swaps
     Total  

Beginning balance – January 1, 2019

   $ (14,987   $ (94,970   $ —        $ (109,957

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

     (676     27,517       179        27,020  

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     (11,450     —         —          (11,450
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)

     (12,126     27,517       179        15,570  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance – December 31, 2019

   $ (27,113   $ (67,453     $179      $ (94,387
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Beginning balance – January 1, 2018

   $ (15,860   $ (27,233   $ —        $ (43,093

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

     443       (67,737     —          (67,294

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     430       —         —          430  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)

     873       (67,737     —          (66,864
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance – December 31, 2018

   $ (14,987   $ (94,970     $—        $ (109,957
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

15. Share-Based Compensation

The Company’s equity-based awards issued to employees include restricted unit awards which vest based on either time or the achievement of certain performance and market conditions. These equity-based awards represent an interest in our parent, Sotera Health Topco Parent, L.P. (“Topco Parent”), and are granted in respect of services provided to the Company and its subsidiaries.

Class B-1 time vesting units vest on a daily basis pro rata over a five-year period (20% per year), subject to the grantee’s continued services on each vesting date. Upon the occurrence of a change in control of the Company, all then outstanding unvested Class B-1 Units held by Unitholders will become vested as of the date of consummation of such change in control, subject to the Unitholder’s continued services through the consummation of the change in control.

Class B-2 Units are considered performance vesting units, and are scheduled to vest only upon satisfaction of certain thresholds. These units vest as of the first date on which (i) our Sponsors have received two and one-half times their invested capital in Topco Parent and (ii) the Sponsors’ internal rate of return exceeds twenty percent, subject to such grantee’s continued services through such date. No compensation expense has been recorded on the Class B-2 Units at this time as the related performance conditions are not considered probable of achievement. In the event of a change in control of the Company, any outstanding Class B-2 Units that remain

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

unvested immediately following the consummation of such a change in control of the Company shall be immediately canceled and forfeited without compensation.

Class C Units were issued in June 2016, are considered performance and time vesting units, and were accounted for as liability awards. No compensation expense was recorded on the Class C Units prior to the third quarter of 2019, as the related performance conditions were not considered probable of achievement. In the third quarter of 2019, all Class C Units vested based on the achievement of the aggregate distributions to the A Unitholder Partners and approval of the Board of Sotera Health Topco Parent, L.P. for accelerated vesting, and $10.0 million of stock-compensation expense was recognized and paid in accordance with the terms for redemption of outstanding Class C Units. No Class C Units remain outstanding.

The Company recognized $16.9 million ($10.0 million related to Class C Units and $6.9 million related to Class B-1 Units) and $6.9 million (related to Class B-1 units) of stock-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Fair value of the Class B-1 time vesting, B-2 performance vesting, and C Performance vesting units granted is estimated on the date of grant using a simulation-based option valuation model incorporating multiple and variable assumptions over time, including assumptions such as employee forfeitures, unit price volatility and dividend assumptions.

The assumptions used to calculate the fair value of the Class B-1, Class B-2, and Class C units were as follows:

 

     2019     2018  

Risk-free interest rate

     2.7     1.8

Expected volatility

     49     59

Expected dividends

     None       None  

Expected time until exercise (years)

     1.5       2.5  

A summary of the activity for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 related to the Class B-1, B-2 and C units issued to Company employees is presented below:

 

     B-1
Time Vesting
    B-2
Performance
Vesting
    C
Performance
Vesting
 

At January 1, 2018

     53,344,377       17,004,885       4  

Granted

     225,000       75,000       —    

Forfeited

     (1,734,173     (578,058     —    

Vested

     (19,651,070     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

At December 31, 2018

     32,184,134       16,501,827       4  

Granted

     3,387,500       987,500       —    

Forfeited

     (4,028,843     (2,478,071     —    

Vested

     (17,092,528     —         (4
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

At December 31, 2019

     14,450,263       15,011,256       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The following table provides a summary of the weighted average unit grant date fair value, weighted average remaining contractual term, total compensation cost and unrecognized compensation cost:

 

December 31, 2019

(dollars in millions, except per award values)

   B-1 Time
Vesting
     B-2
Performance
Vesting
     C
Performance
Vesting
     All
Awards
 

Weighted average grant date fair value per unit of unvested units

   $ 0.41      $ 0.34        N/A      $ 0.37  

Weighted average remaining contractual term

     0.8 years        N/A        N/A        N/A  

Total compensation cost recognized during 2019

   $ 6.9      $  —        $ 10.0      $ 16.9  

Unrecognized compensation cost at December 31

   $ 6.0      $ 5.1        N/A      $ 11.1  

N/A – not applicable

16. Supplemental Pro Forma Loss Per Share (unaudited)

Prior to the closing of its initial public offering, Sotera Health Company will effect a stock split to facilitate the distribution of equity interests in Sotera Health Company to holders of partnership interests in Topco Parent L.P. The number of shares of common stock that a holder of partnership interests in Topco Parent L.P. will receive will be determined by the value such holder would have received under the distribution provisions of the limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent L.P., with shares of common stock valued by reference to the initial public offering price. Assuming a ratio of [●]-to-one, which is based on the assumed initial public offering price of $[●] per share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover of the Company’s prospectus, the stock split will result in an increase of [●] shares of Sotera Health Company common stock. The unaudited supplemental pro forma loss per share data for the year ended December 31, 2019 is presented below giving effect to the stock split.

In addition, under SEC SAB Topic 1.B.3, a dividend declared in the latest year would be deemed to be in contemplation of the offering with the intention of repayment out of offering proceeds to the extent that the dividend exceeded earnings during the previous twelve months. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company paid $691.2 million of dividends, which exceeded the $20.9 million of net loss attributable to Sotera Health Company for the year ended December 31, 2019. As the Company had a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2019, no amount of the dividend was considered paid out of recent earnings, and as such, the unaudited supplemental pro forma loss per share and pro forma equivalent shares give effect to the issuance of the number of shares that would be required to generate net proceeds sufficient to make the dividends of $691.2 million in 2019. The number of incremental shares that would be required to be issued to pay the dividend is based on the assumed initial public offering price of $[●] per share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover of the Company’s prospectus after deducting estimated underwriting discount and commissions and estimated offering expenses of $[●] per share. As a result, [●] shares to be issued in the offering (the estimated proceeds from which are greater than the amount by which the 2019 dividends exceeded earnings) have been included in the denominator for purposes of pro forma loss per share calculations for the year ended December 31, 2019.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The following table sets forth a computation of unaudited supplemental pro forma basic and diluted loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2019:

 

     (unaudited)
December 31, 2019
 

Weighted average common shares outstanding—Basic and Diluted

     3,000  

Additional pro forma shares after giving effect to the stock split

  

Additional pro forma shares required to be issued in the offering necessary to pay the dividend

  

Supplemental pro forma weighted average common shares outstanding—Basic and Diluted

  

Supplemental pro forma net loss per share—Basic and Diluted

  

17. Asset Retirement Obligations (“ARO”)

Our ARO represent the present value of future remediation costs and an increase in the carrying amounts of the related assets in property, plant and equipment in the consolidated balance sheets. The capitalized future site remediation costs are depreciated and the ARO are accreted over the life of the related assets which is included in depreciation and amortization expense, respectively.

The fair value of the ARO is determined based on estimates requiring management judgment. The key assumptions include the timing and estimated decommissioning costs of the remediation activities and credit adjusted risk free interest rates. Changes in the assumptions based on future information may result in adjustments to the estimated obligations over time. No market risk premium has been included in the calculation for the ARO since no reliable estimate can be made by the Company. Any difference between costs incurred upon settlement of an ARO and the liability recognized for the estimated cost of asset retirements will be recognized as a gain or loss in our current period operating results.

Each year, we review decommissioning costs and consider changes in marketplace rates. The following table describes changes to our ARO liability during the years presented:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

             

For the Year Ended

   2019      2018  

ARO – beginning of period

   $ 40,543      $ 41,297  

Changes in estimates

     1,640        61  

Accretion expense

     2,051        1,366  

Foreign currency exchange and other

     962        (2,181
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

ARO – end of period

     45,196        40,543  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Less current portion of ARO

     2,200        –    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Noncurrent ARO – end of period

   $ 42,996      $ 40,543  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

We recorded depreciation expense on the ARO of $0.3 million and $0.2 million, for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

We are obligated to provide financial assurance to local and state licensing authorities for possible future decommissioning costs associated with the various facilities that hold Co-60. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, $49.3 million and $47.8 million, respectively, of the standby letters of credit referenced above and surety bonds

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

were outstanding in favor of the various local and state licensing authorities in the event we defaulted on our decommissioning obligation.

18. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

We lease certain facilities and equipment under various operating leases that expire through October 2034. At December 31, 2019, aggregate future minimum lease payments, net of sublease income, under all operating leases is shown below:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Years ended December 31,

   Operating
Leases
 

2020

   $ 11,782  

2021

     10,283  

2022

     9,151  

2023

     6,413  

2024

     4,286  

Thereafter

     18,258  
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 60,173  
  

 

 

 

Most of our real property leases provide for renewal periods and rent escalations and stipulate that we pay taxes, maintenance, and certain other operating expenses applicable to the leased premises. We recognize rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period and accrue for rent expenses incurred but not paid.

Total rent expense for all operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $13.3 million and $13.6 million, respectively.

We depend on a limited number of suppliers for certain of our supply and direct material costs. This includes obligations under various supply agreements in our Nordion segment for Co-60 that are enforceable and legally binding on us. As of December 31, 2019, we had minimum purchase commitments primarily with domestic and international suppliers of raw materials for the Nordion business totaling $1,619 million. The terms of these long-term supply or service arrangements range from 1 to 45 years. In addition, our Sterigenics segment has obligations to purchase ethylene oxide (“EO”) gas. Our contract to purchase EO gas in the U.S. requires us to purchase all of our requirements from one supplier, and our contracts to purchase EO gas outside the U.S. generally require that we purchase a specified percentage of our requirements for our operations in the countries covered by those contracts. Although our EO gas contracts generally do not contain fixed minimum purchase volumes, we estimate the amounts based on the percentage of our requirements specified in the contracts and our budgeted purchase volumes for future periods covered under the contracts to be $28.2 million as of December 31, 2019. Such volumes are expected to be utilized in the normal course of our business and are not recognized on the consolidated balance sheets as a liability.

From time to time, we may be subject to various lawsuits and other claims in the ordinary course of our business. In addition, from time to time, we receive communications from government or regulatory agencies concerning investigations or allegations of noncompliance with laws or regulations in jurisdictions in which we operate.

We establish reserves for specific liabilities in connection with regulatory and legal actions that we determine to be probable and reasonably estimable. No material amounts have been accrued in our consolidated financial

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

statements with respect to any loss contingencies. In certain of the matters described below, we are not able to make a reasonable estimate of any liability because of the uncertainties related to the outcome and/or the amount or range of loss. While it is not possible to determine the ultimate disposition of each of these matters, we do not expect that the ultimate resolution of pending regulatory and legal matters in future periods, including the matters described below, will have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations. Despite the above, the Company may incur material defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

FM Global Business Interruption Claim (NRU Outage)

Nordion, due to the shutdown of AECL’s NRU reactor in 2009, suffered a cessation of supply of radioisotopes and business interruption loss. Nordion, by Statement of Claim dated October 22, 2010, issued in Ontario Superior Court an action against the insurer, Factory Mutual Insurance Company (FM Global), claiming $25.0 million USD in losses resulting from the shutdown of AECL’s reactor and its inability to supply radioisotopes through the specified period of approximately 15 months. FM Global objected to Nordion’s claim.

Trial commenced in March 2019 and was completed in September 2019. On March 30, 2020, Nordion received a favorable judgment in the amount of $25.0 million USD, plus pre-judgment interest, for a total judgment value of $39.8 million USD, or $56.4 million CAD based on then prevailing exchange rates should Nordion opt for conversion to Canadian funds. In addition, costs and disbursements have been assessed and awarded by the trial court in favor of Nordion in the approximate amount of $1.1 million CAD ($0.8 million USD) and $161,863 CAD ($0.1 million USD), respectively. On April 27, 2020, FM Global filed notice to appeal the judgment before the Court of Appeal of Ontario. Pending a favorable judgment in the appellate court, any final proceeds would be subject to a contingent fee owed to legal counsel and applicable taxes. As the judgment is considered a contingent gain, any favorable outcome will be recognized in a future period when all appeals are exhausted. It is anticipated that the appeal process could take a year or more to complete.

Willowbrook, Illinois – Government Litigation

On October 30, 2018, the Illinois Attorney General and the State’s Attorney of DuPage County, Illinois, sued Sterigenics U.S., LLC (the “IAG Action”) alleging that authorized EO air emissions from a commercial sterilization facility Sterigenics formerly operated in Willowbrook, Illinois “cause, threaten, or allow air pollution” in violation of the Illinois Environmental Protection Act. The IAG Action did not assert that Sterigenics violated its permit from the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) authorizing Sterigenics’ release of regulated levels of EO at the Willowbrook facility.

On February 15, 2019, the acting IEPA director, John Kim, issued a “Seal Order” effectively precluding Sterigenics’ operations at the Willowbrook facility based on many of the same allegations asserted in the IAG Action. Sterigenics disputed those allegations and opposed the IEPA’s Seal Order. The Seal Order was resolved by a Consent Order entered on September 6, 2019. The Consent Order provided that Sterigenics did not admit the allegations of the IAG Action, provided for the removal of the Seal Order and allowed the Willowbrook facility to reopen upon implementation of supplemental emissions control measures consistent with a new law that became effective in Illinois in June 2019 and an IEPA permit that was approved in September 2019. Following entry of the Consent Order, the Seal Order was withdrawn.

On September 30, 2019, Sterigenics announced the closure of the Willowbrook facility due to the inability to reach an agreement to renew the facility’s lease and the unstable legislative and regulatory landscape in Illinois. Sterigenics is in the process of decommissioning the facility and completing the work required by the terms of its lease to return the property to the landlord.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation – Illinois

Since September 2018, tort lawsuits on behalf of nearly 800 plaintiffs (which are described further in the following paragraphs) have been filed in Illinois state court against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties related to Sterigenics’ Willowbrook, Illinois operations. Specifically, those plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries including cancer and other diseases, or wrongful death, resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from the Willowbrook facility. Plaintiffs seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. Plaintiffs have voluntarily dismissed without prejudice a number of cases since September 2018, including certain individual cases alleging personal injuries and two class actions seeking property damages.

Sterigenics successfully sought consolidation of certain of these cases for pretrial purposes, which cases have now been consolidated before Judge Lawler in the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (the “Consolidated Case”). At present, 71 individual personal injury claims remain pending in the Consolidated Case. All plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case filed a single Master Complaint on October 24, 2019 by which Sotera Health LLC was added as a co-defendant, followed by a First Amended Master Complaint on January 31, 2020. On April 28, 2020, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the claims in the First Amended Master Complaint. On August 17, 2020, the Court entered an order largely denying the motions to dismiss, and the same day plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Master Complaint. Fact discovery is taking place in the Consolidated Case. A May 3, 2021 trial date has been set for Kamuda v. Sterigenics, the first-filed of the individual cases now included in the Consolidated Case, which is the first scheduled trial in these proceedings. Four additional cases now included in the Consolidated Case are currently scheduled for trials starting in June, August, September and November 2021. We anticipate that additional trials will be scheduled after 2021 in roughly the order in which the individual cases were filed.

On or about August 21, 2020, approximately 750 plaintiffs filed similar personal injury lawsuits against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties in the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (but not in the existing Consolidated Case). We expect that most or all of these newly filed cases will be consolidated for pre-trial purposes with the Consolidated Case. There is currently no date set for the defendants to answer or otherwise respond to these newly filed cases.

On August 19, 2020, a lawsuit against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties was filed by seven plaintiffs in the DuPage County Circuit Court, Illinois. The plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries including but not limited to cancer resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from the Willowbrook facility. Plaintiffs seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. It is possible that this case will also be transferred to and consolidated with the above described Consolidated Case pending in Cook County, Illinois.

Additional personal injury and property damage lawsuits may be filed in the future against Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC relating to Sterigenics’ Willowbrook facility or other EO processing facilities. Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC intend to defend themselves vigorously in all such EO tort litigation.

The Company carries insurance to cover alleged environmental liabilities with limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate. The per occurrence limit related to the Willowbrook EO tort litigations was fully utilized by June 30, 2020. We have not provided for a contingency reserve in connection with these claims. While we intend to vigorously defend the Willowbrook proceedings, there can be no assurance that we will be successful. We are unable to predict the incidence or outcome of such litigation or to reasonably estimate the possible range of any losses that could be incurred. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation – Georgia

On May 19, 2020 a lawsuit against Sotera Health, LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties was filed in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia by 53 employees of a contract sterilization customer of Sterigenics. Plaintiffs claim personal injuries resulting from alleged exposure to residual ethylene oxide while working at the customer’s distribution center in Lithia Springs, Georgia and seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. Motions to dismiss were filed by all defendants in August 2020. All defendants are being defended and indemnified by Sterigenics’ contract sterilization customer (plaintiffs’ employer).

In May 2020, the Cobb County, Georgia Board of Tax Assessors reduced certain residential property value assessments around the Sterigenics Atlanta facility by 10% citing an “Epd-identified environmental issue,” without providing the requisite factual support for the reduction. On August 14, 2020, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed a lawsuit against members of the Cobb County Board of Tax Assessors in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, seeking a declaration that the reduction in property value assessments is unlawful and is causing Sterigenics reputational and imminent economic harm. Defendants’ responses to the complaint are due in September 2020, at which time the Court will also receive submissions by the parties on issues of standing and jurisdiction.

On August 17, 2020 a lawsuit against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties was filed by two plaintiffs in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia. Plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries and loss of consortium resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility. Plaintiffs seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact.

The Company carries insurance to cover alleged environmental liabilities with limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate, which is the same policy referred to under Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation - Illinois above. We have not provided for a contingency reserve in connection with these claims.

Additional personal injury and property damage lawsuits may be filed in the future against Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC relating to Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility or other EO processing facilities. Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC intend to defend themselves vigorously in all such EO tort litigation. While we intend to vigorously defend these proceedings, there can be no assurance that we will be successful. We are unable to predict the incidence or outcome of such litigation or to reasonably estimate the possible range of any losses that could be incurred. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Suspension of Georgia Facility Operations & Related Litigation

On August 7, 2019, Sterigenics U.S., LLC entered into a voluntary Consent Order with the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (“EPD”) under which Sterigenics agreed to install emissions reduction enhancements at its Atlanta facility to further reduce the facility’s EO emissions below already permitted levels. Sterigenics voluntarily suspended operations at the facility in early September 2019 to expedite completion of the enhancements. Installation of these enhancements is complete, and Sterigenics successfully tested the enhanced emissions controls in cooperation with EPD during the second quarter of 2020 while the facility was in operation.

In October 2019, while Sterigenics had voluntarily suspended the facility’s operations, Cobb County, Georgia officials asserted that the facility had an incorrect “certificate of occupancy” and could not resume operations without obtaining a new certificate of occupancy after a third-party code compliance review they required.

After the Cobb County officials would not allow Sterigenics to resume operations, on March 30, 2020, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

against Cobb County, Georgia and Cobb County officials Nicholas Dawe and Kevin Gobble. In the lawsuit, Sterigenics sought immediate injunctive relief and permanent declaratory relief to resume normal operations of the Atlanta facility in the interest of public health and on the basis that the positions asserted by Cobb County were unfounded. On April 1, 2020 the Court entered a Temporary Restraining Order prohibiting Cobb County officials from precluding or interfering with the facility’s normal operations. On April 8, 2020, the Court entered a Consent Order extending the Temporary Restraining Order and allowing the facility to continue normal operations until entry of a final judgment in the case. On June 24, 2020 Sterigenics filed an amended complaint, and on July 22, 2020 defendants filed a motion to dismiss the claims. Sterigenics has responded in opposition to the motion, and the motion will be fully briefed by September 16, 2020. A ruling on the motion to dismiss is expected by November 2020. No trial date has been set. Sterigenics’ EO processing facilities have consistently operated in compliance with air emission permits issued by state authorities and applicable USEPA air emission regulations. The USEPA is expected to propose updated air emission regulations for EO processing facilities in the coming months, and Sterigenics intends to make appropriate investments in its facilities to ensure compliance with new regulatory requirements.

19. Financial Instruments and Financial Risk

Derivative Instruments

We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and are not a party to leveraged derivatives.

We have embedded derivatives in certain of our customer and supply contracts as a result of the currency of the contract being different from the functional currency of the parties involved. Changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives are recognized in “Other income, net” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

In October 2017, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements with a total notional amount of $400.0 million for a total option premium of $0.6 million. The interest rate cap agreements terminate on September 30, 2020.

During the third quarter of 2019, we entered into two interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to interest rate movements and to manage interest expense related to our outstanding variable-rate debt. These swaps were designated as hedges against the changes in cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged. We receive interest at one-month LIBOR and pay a fixed interest rate under the terms of the swap agreement. The termination date of the swap agreements was August 31, 2020. The notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements totals $1,000.0 million.

The following table provides the fair values of our derivative instruments:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   December 31,
2019
     December 31,
2018
 

Assets

     

Interest rate caps

   $ 1      $ 335  

Interest rate swaps

     242        —    

Embedded derivatives(a)

     —          752  

Liabilities

     

Embedded derivatives(a)

   $ 3,478      $ 5,248  
(a)

As of December 31, 2019, and 2018, total notional amounts for certain of the Company’s supply and sales contracts for embedded derivatives were approximately $96 million and $117 million, respectively.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The interest rate caps are included in “Other assets” as of December 31, 2018 whereas interest rate swaps and embedded derivatives assets are included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” on our consolidated balance sheets. Embedded derivative liabilities are included in “Accrued liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

The following tables summarize the activities of our derivative instruments for the periods presented, and the line item in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss):

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

            

Year Ended December 31,

   2019     2018  

Unrealized loss on interest rate caps recorded in interest expense, net

   $ 335     $ 76  

Unrealized (gain) loss on embedded derivatives recorded in other expense (income), net

     (1,200     1,019  

In addition, during the year-ended December 31, 2019, we recognized $0.2 million of gains in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to the change in fair value of the interest rate swaps. The amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income will be reclassified to interest expense should the hedge no longer be considered effective. No amount of ineffectiveness was included in net income (loss) for the period ended December 31, 2019.

Credit Risk

Certain of our financial assets, including cash and cash equivalents, are exposed to credit risk.

We are also exposed, in our normal course of business, to credit risk from our customers. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, accounts receivable was net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts of $0.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively.

Credit risk on financial instruments arises from the potential for counterparties to default on their contractual obligations to us. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance, but do not anticipate non-performance by any of the counterparties to our financial instruments. We limit our credit risk by dealing with counterparties that are considered to be of high credit quality. In the event of non-performance by counterparties, the carrying value of our financial instruments represents the maximum amount of loss that would be incurred.

Fair Value Hierarchy

The fair value of our financial instruments is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The valuation techniques we would use to determine such fair values are described as follows: Level 1—fair values determined by inputs utilizing quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2—fair values based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable; Level 3—fair values determined by unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The following table discloses the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

 

As of December 31, 2019

                          

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Level 1      Level 2     Level 3      Total  

Interest rate caps

   $ —        $ 1     $ —        $ 1  

Interest rate swaps

     —          242       —          242  

Embedded derivative liabilities

     —          (3,478     —          (3,478

 

As of December 31, 2018

                          

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Level 1      Level 2     Level 3      Total  

Interest rate caps

   $ —        $ 335     $ —        $ 335  

Embedded derivative assets

     —          752       —          752  

Embedded derivative liabilities

     —          (5,248     —          (5,248

The fair value of our 1st Lien Term Loan due 2026 and the 2nd Lien Secured Notes due 2027 was $2,130.6 million and $770 million, respectively as of December 31, 2019. The fair value of our Term Loan (including current maturities), Secured Notes, and Senior PIK Toggle Notes was $1,299.0 million, $432.0 million, and $403.8 million at December 31, 2018, respectively. The fair values were calculated using external pricing information, which is considered a Level 2 input as described above.

20. Segment and Geographic Information

We identify our operating segments based on the way we manage, evaluate and internally report our business activities for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. We currently have three reportable segments: Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. We have determined our reportable segments based upon an assessment of organizational structure, service types, and internally prepared financial statements. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates performance and allocates resources based on net revenues and segment income after the elimination of intercompany activities. The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in the Significant Accounting Policies note.

Sterigenics

The Sterigenics segment provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets.

Nordion

Nordion is a global provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are key components to the gamma sterilization process.

Nelson Labs

Nelson Labs provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and biopharmaceutical industries.

Other

The other reportable segment consisted of the Medical Isotopes business, a global supplier of critical medical isotopes for research, healthcare diagnostic and therapeutic uses. On July 30, 2018, we finalized the sale of the Medical Isotopes assets for $213.0 million.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

For the year ended December 31, 2019, four customers reported within the Nordion segment individually represented 10% or more of the segment’s total net revenues. These customers represented 14.1%, 12.9%, 12.7%, and 10.1% of the total segment’s external net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2019.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

     Year Ended December 31, 2019  
     Sterigenics      Nordion      Nelson Labs      Other      Consolidated  

Net revenues1

   $ 471,708      $ 116,165      $ 190,454      $ —        $ 778,327  

Segment income2

     244,904        62,196        72,832        —          379,932  

Capital expenditures

     51,123        2,034        4,100        —          57,257  

 

                   Year Ended December 31, 2018  
     Sterigenics      Nordion      Nelson
Labs
     Other      Consolidated  

Net revenues1

   $ 435,733      $ 118,829      $ 166,217      $ 25,370      $ 746,149  

Segment income2

     216,490        60,288        58,915        4,944        340,637  

Capital expenditures

     61,297        4,261        6,661        394        72,613  
1

Revenues are reported net of intersegment sales. Our Nordion segment recognized $40.9 million and $33.4 million in revenues from sales to our Sterigenics segment for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, that is not reflected in net revenues in the table above. Intersegment sales for Sterigenics and Nelson Labs are immaterial for both periods.

2 

Segment income is only provided on a net basis to the chief operating decision maker and is reported net of intersegment profits.

Corporate operating expenses for executive management, accounting, information technology, legal, human resources, treasury, corporate development, tax, purchasing, and marketing are allocated to the segments based on total revenue.

Total assets and depreciation and amortization expense by segment are not readily available and are not reported separately to the chief operating decision maker.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

A reconciliation of segment income to consolidated income (loss) before taxes is as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year Ended December 31,

   2019     2018  

Segment income

   $ 379,932     $ 340,637  

Less adjustments:

    

Interest expense, net

     157,729       143,326  

Depreciation and amortization(a)

     146,719       146,816  

Impairment of long-lived assets and intangible assets(b)

     5,792       85,067  

Gain on sale of Medical Isotopes business(c)

     —         (95,910

Share-based compensation(d)

     16,882       6,943  

One-time bonuses(e)

     2,040       —    

(Gain) loss on foreign currency and embedded derivatives(f)

     2,662       14,095  

Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(g)

     (318     1,168  

Business optimization project expenses(h)

     4,195       8,805  

Plant closure expenses(i)

     1,712       —    

Loss on extinguishment of debt(j)

     30,168       —    

Professional services relating to Willowbrook and Atlanta facilities(k)

     11,216       4,739  

Accretion of asset retirement obligation(l)

     2,051       1,366  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated income (loss) before taxes

   $ (916   $ 24,222  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
(a) 

Includes depreciation of Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites.

(b) 

For 2019, represents impairment charges related to the decision to not reopen the Willowbrook, Illinois facility in September 2019. For 2018, represents impairment charges associated with the withdrawal of the GA-MURR project.

(c) 

Represents the gain on the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in July 2018.

(d) 

Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense. In 2019, also includes $10.0 million of one-time cash share-based compensation expense related to the Class C Performance Vesting Units, which vested in the third quarter of 2019 based on the achievement of the aggregate distributions to the A Unitholder partners and the approval of the board of Topco Parent for accelerated vesting.

(e) 

Represents one-time cash bonuses for members of management relating to capital markets activity in 2019.

(f) 

Represents the effects of (i) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily related to remeasurement of intercompany loans denominated in currencies other than subsidiaries’ functional currencies, and (ii) non-cash mark-to-fair value of embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion.

(g) 

Represents (i) certain direct and incremental costs related to the acquisition of Toxikon Europe NV (“Nelson Europe”) in 2017, Gibraltar Laboratories, Inc. (“Nelson Fairfield”) in 2018 and Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. in July 2020, and certain related integration efforts as a result of those acquisitions, (ii) the earnings impact of fair value adjustments (excluding those recognized within amortization expense) resulting from the businesses acquired, and (iii) transition services income and non-cash deferred lease income associated with the terms of the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in 2018.

(h) 

Represents professional fees, contract termination and exit costs, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with business optimization and cost savings projects relating to the integrations of Nordion and Nelson Labs, including the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business, the withdrawal from the GA-MURR project, the Sotera Health rebranding, operating structure realignment and other process enhancement projects.

(i) 

Represents professional fees, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with the closure of the Willowbrook, Illinois facility.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(j) 

Represents one-time expenses incurred in connection with the refinancing of our debt capital structure in December 2019, including accelerated amortization of prior debt issuance and discount costs, premiums paid in connection with early extinguishment and debt issuance and discount costs incurred for the new debt.

(k) 

Represents professional fees related to litigation associated with our EO sterilization facilities in Willowbrook, Illinois and Atlanta, Georgia and other related professional fees. See “Commitments and Contingencies” note.

(l) 

Represents the non-cash accretion of asset retirement obligations related to Co-60 and gamma processing facilities, which are based on estimated site remediation costs for any future decommissioning of these facilities (without regard for whether the decommissioning services would be performed by employees of Nordion, instead of by a third party) and are accreted over the life of the asset.

Geographic Information

Net revenues for geographic area are reported by the country’s origin of the revenues.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

             

Year Ended December 31,

   2019      2018  

United States

   $ 473,958      $ 434,731  

Canada

     130,469        152,191  

Europe

     122,606        114,228  

Other

     51,294        44,999  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 778,327      $ 746,149  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The ‘Other’ category above is primarily comprised of net revenues from Asian and Latin American countries that each represent 2% or less of our total net revenues.

Long-lived assets are based on physical locations and are comprised of the net book value of property, plant, and equipment.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

             

As of December 31,

   2019      2018  

United States

   $ 305,090      $ 316,566  

Europe

     121,771        124,581  

Canada

     86,163        77,417  

Other

     68,930        67,872  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 581,954      $ 586,436  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The ‘Other’ category above is primarily comprised of long-lived assets in Asian and Latin American countries that each represent 4% or less of our total long-lived assets.

21. Subsequent Events

We have evaluated events occurring subsequent to December 31, 2019 through September 2, 2020, the date the consolidated financial statements were issued.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. Acquisition

On July 31, 2020, we acquired Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. (“Iotron”) for approximately $145.0 million Canadian dollars (“CAD”) (approximately $108.1 million USD), subject to customary working capital and other adjustments. Iotron is an independent contact sterilizer with two North American locations in Vancouver, Canada, and Columbia City, Indiana. Each location uses proprietary high energy electron beam technology to process products for orthopedic, medical device, plastics, and agricultural businesses. Sales for Iotron’s fiscal year-ended September 30, 2019 were $22.8 million CAD ($16.7 million USD) and will be part of the Sterigenics segment. The acquisition was financed by the issuance of $100.0 million of 1st lien notes due 2026 by SHH. This new issuance is privately placed and bears an interest rate of 3-month LIBOR, which cannot be less than 1.00%, plus a margin of 6.00%. Interest is payable on a quarterly basis with no principal due until maturity.

 

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Sotera Health Company (Parent company only)

Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant

Condensed Balance Sheets

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

 

     As of  
     December 31,      December 31,  
     2019      2018  
     

Assets

     

Current assets:

     

Income taxes receivable

   $ 448      $ —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

     448        —    

Deferred income taxes

     12,209        8,939  

Investments in subsidiaries

     —          473,599  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 12,657      $ 482,538  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Liabilities and equity

     

Current liabilities:

     

Accrued interest

   $ —        $ 5,637  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     —          5,637  

Long-term debt

     —          419,385  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     —          425,022  

Equity:

     

Common stock, with $0.01 par value, 3,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018

     —          —    

Other equity

     12,657        57,516  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equity

     12,657        57,516  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

   $ 12,657      $ 482,538  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

See notes to condensed financial information.

 

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Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant

Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

 

     Year Ended  
     December 31,     December 31,  
     2019     2018  

Interest expense, net

   $ 34,824     $ 36,519  

Loss on extinguishment of debt

     3,718       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes

     (38,542     (36,519

Benefit for income taxes

     (4,589     (9,226
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss and comprehensive loss

   $ (33,953   $ (27,293
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to condensed financial information.

 

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Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

 

     Year Ended  
     December 31,     December 31,  
     2019     2018  

Operating activities

    

Net cash used in operating activities

   $ (37,693   $ (34,484

Investing activities

    

Dividends received from subsidiaries

     1,153,863       209,874  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

     1,153,863       209,874  

Financing activities

    

Dividends to shareholders

     (691,170     (175,845

Payments on debt

     (425,000     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

     (1,116,170     (175,845

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash

     —         (455

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period

     —         455  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period

   $ —       $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

    

Cash paid during the period for interest

   $ 38,560     $ 34,531  

See notes to condensed financial information.

 

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Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant

Notes to Condensed Financial Information

1. Basis of Presentation

Sotera Health Company conducts substantially all of its activities through its direct wholly owned subsidiary, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC (“SHH”) and its subsidiaries. In the parent company only financial statements, Sotera Health Company’s investment in subsidiaries is stated at cost plus equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries less dividends received in excess of subsidiaries’ retained profits since the date of acquisition. The parent company only financial statements should be read in conjunction with Sotera Health Company’s consolidated financial statements.

2. Guarantees and Restrictions

As of December 31, 2019, SHH had $2,120.0 million of debt outstanding under its 1st Lien Senior Secured Credit Facilities and $770.0 million outstanding under its 2nd Lien Senior Secured Notes (the “Debt Agreements”). All obligations under the Debt Agreements are unconditionally guaranteed by Sotera Health Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of SHH with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Debt Agreements, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Debt Agreements.

Both the Debt Agreements contain additional covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, the ability of Sotera Health Holdings, LLC and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to engage in certain activities, such as incur indebtedness and liens in connection therewith, pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments, make certain investments, enter into transactions with affiliates, dispose of property or assets, and enter into unrelated lines of business. The Debt Agreements also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control.

SHH is permitted to pay dividends to Sotera Health Company under the Debt Agreements subject to certain limits and ratios. In general, as long as there is no default, the Debt Agreements permit SHH to pay dividends to Sotera Health Company:

(1) without limit if SHH does not exceed a maximum leverage ratio related to senior secured debt of 6.00 to 1.00, as specified in the Debt Agreements; or

(2) if SHH does not exceed a maximum leverage ratio related to total debt of 7.50 to 1.00, as specified in the Debt Agreements, then generally in amounts up to a basket that builds based on the sum of (a) 25% of SHH’s Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the Debt Agreements) for the preceding 12-month test period, or $96.0 million if greater, plus (b) 50% of SHH’s Consolidated Net Income (as defined in the Debt Agreements) from October 1, 2019 through the end of such test period (or, if greater, retained Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Debt Agreements)), plus (c) the net proceeds of certain qualified equity offerings and equity contributions to SHH by Sotera Health Company; or

(3) following an initial public offering of Sotera Health Company, in an amount equal to 6.00% annually of the cash proceeds of the initial public offering that are contributed to SHH.

Prior to 2019, Sotera Health Company had $425 million aggregate principal amount of Senior PIK (“paid in kind”) Toggle notes outstanding at a rate of 8.125%/8.875% per year.

 

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Schedule I – Condensed Financial Information of Registrant

Notes to Condensed Financial Information

 

Since the restricted net assets of Sotera Health Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of Sotera Health Company, the accompanying condensed parent company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule 1 of Regulation S-X.

3. Dividends from Subsidiaries

During 2019 and 2018, Sotera Health Company received dividends from its subsidiaries primarily consisting of amounts received to redeem, in full, previously outstanding $425.0 million Senior PIK (“paid in kind”) Toggle Notes due 2021, pay interest on previously outstanding debt, and to issue dividends to its sole stockholder, Sotera Health Topco Parent L.P.

 

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Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

 

Description

   Balance at
Beginning of
Period
     Charges
(credits) to
costs and
expense
    Deductions(1)     Translation
Adjustments(2)
    Balance at End
of Period
 

(In thousands of dollars)

           

Year Ended December 31, 2019

           

Deducted from asset accounts:

           

Allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable

   $ 928      $ 482     $ (591   $ (32   $ 787  

Deferred tax asset valuation allowance

     16,678        6,318       —         (34     22,962  

Year Ended December 31, 2018

           

Deducted from asset accounts:

           

Allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable

   $ 824      $ 473     $ (334   $ (35   $ 928  

Deferred tax asset valuation allowance

     23,573        (6,804     —         (91     16,678  

 

(1) 

Uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries

(2) 

Change in foreign currency exchange rates

 

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Sotera Health Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

 

     As of  
     June 30,
2020
    December 31,
2019
 
     (Unaudited)  

Assets

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 86,195     $ 62,863  

Restricted cash short-term

     162       162  

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $708 in 2020 and $787 in 2019

     92,823       88,644  

Inventories, net

     30,348       37,396  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     56,645       52,644  

Income taxes receivable

     10,677       10,645  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     276,850       252,354  

Property, plant, and equipment, net

     564,987       581,954  

Operating lease asset

     43,092       —    

Deferred income taxes

     2,254       2,252  

Other assets

     9,813       12,243  

Other intangible assets, net

     642,366       696,006  

Goodwill

     1,019,615       1,035,865  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 2,558,977     $ 2,580,674  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and equity

    

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 39,334     $ 42,004  

Accrued liabilities

     56,934       58,536  

Deferred revenue

     4,385       3,631  

Current portion of long-term debt, including revolver

     21,200       16,331  

Current portion of finance lease obligations

     1,200       1,288  

Current portion of operating lease obligations

     8,866       —    

Current portion of asset retirement obligations

     442       2,200  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     132,361       123,990  

Long-term debt, less current portion

     2,795,214       2,800,873  

Finance lease obligations, less current portion

     29,907       29,883  

Operating lease obligations, less current portion

     36,597       —    

Noncurrent asset retirement obligations

     42,134       42,996  

Deferred lease income

     20,124       21,375  

Post-retirement obligations

     27,233       31,266  

Mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest

     13,625       13,625  

Noncurrent liabilities

     17,115       20,563  

Deferred income taxes

     126,717       137,235  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     3,241,027       3,221,806  

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)

    

Equity:

    

Common stock, with $0.01 par value, 3,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at

    

June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019

     —         —    

Additional paid-in capital

     3,118       —    

Retained deficit

     (543,134     (548,187

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (143,688     (94,387
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity (deficit) attributable to Sotera Health Company

     (683,704     (642,574

Noncontrolling interests

     1,654       1,442  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity (deficit)

     (682,050     (641,132
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity (deficit)

   $ 2,558,977     $ 2,580,674  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts)

 

     Six Months Ended  
     June 30,
2020
    June 30,
2019
 
     (Unaudited)  

Revenues:

    

Service

   $ 341,849     $ 328,482  

Product

     59,436       61,038  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total net revenues

     401,285       389,520  

Cost of revenues:

    

Service

     163,689       164,467  

Product

     22,112       27,087  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cost of revenues

     185,801       191,554  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     215,484       197,966  

Operating expenses:

    

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     79,737       65,903  

Amortization of intangible assets

     29,140       29,504  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     108,877       95,407  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

     106,607       102,559  

Interest expense, net

     111,812       75,127  

Foreign exchange (gain) loss

     (799     877  

Other income, net

     (1,208     (4,908
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

     (3,198     31,463  

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

     (8,464     18,592  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     5,266       12,871  

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

     213       186  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company

   $ 5,053     $ 12,685  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive (loss) income net of tax:

    

Pension and post-retirement benefits (net of taxes of $418 and ($197), respectively)

   $ 1,240     $ (585

Interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $724, and $0 respectively)

     (2,014      

Foreign currency translation

     (48,527     25,104  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss)

     (44,035     37,390  

Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

     212       71  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Sotera Health Company

   $ (44,247   $ 37,319  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings per share

    

Basic and diluted

   $ 1,684     $ 4,228  

Pro forma basic and diluted (unaudited)

                                      

Weighted average number of shares outstanding

    

Basic and diluted

     3,000       3,000  

Pro forma basic and diluted (unaudited)

                                      

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

 

     Six Months Ended  
     June 30,
2020
    June 30,
2019
 
     (Unaudited)  

Operating activities

    

Net income

   $ 5,266     $ 12,871  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Depreciation

     31,433       33,354  

Amortization of intangible assets

     39,624       40,222  

Deferred income taxes

     (8,237     (2,998

Share-based non-cash compensation expense

     3,118       3,454  

Accretion of asset retirement obligations

     974       1,005  

Unrealized foreign exchange (gains) / losses

     (4,864     (3,139

(Gain)/loss on embedded derivative instruments

     2,043       (1,847

Amortization of debt issuance costs

     5,830       3,738  

Other

     (3,704     (2,200

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable

     (4,809     2,282  

Inventories

     5,359       4,086  

Other current assets

     (957     8,101  

Accounts payable

     (8,951     (16,972

Accrued liabilities

     (7,246     (18,199

Income taxes payable/receivable

     (3,943     15,053  

Other liabilities

     164       (465

Other long-term assets

     1,587       (313
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

     52,687       78,033  

Investing activities

    

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

     (23,438     (24,868
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

     (23,438     (24,868

Financing activities

    

Proceeds from borrowings

     50,000       —    

Payments of debt issuance costs and prepayment premium

     (142     (558

Distributions to shareholders

     —         (9,055

Payments on debt

     (55,725     (7,170

Other

     (651     (666
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

     (6,518     (17,449

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     601       4,865  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash

     23,332       40,581  

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period

     63,025       96,786  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period

   $ 86,357     $ 137,367  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

    

Cash paid during the period for interest

   $ 112,725     $ 71,210  

Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of tax refunds received

     3,332       6,116  

Equipment purchases included in accounts payable

     7,141       1,853  

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)

(thousands of U.S. dollars, except share amounts)

 

    Shares
Common
Stock
    Amount
Common
Stock
    Additional
Paid-In
Capital
    Retained
(Deficit)
Earnings
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
    Noncontrolling
Interests
    Total
Equity
 

Balance at January 1, 2019

    3,000     $ —       $ 164,733     $ (10,418   $ (109,957   $ 1,132     $ 45,490  

Cumulative-effect adjustment upon adoption of ASU 2014-09

    —         —         —         2,635       —         —         2,635  

Distributions to shareholder

        (8,541     (514         (9,055

Share-based compensation

    —         —         3,454       —         —         —         3,454  

Comprehensive income (loss):

             

Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax

    —         —         —         —         (585     —         (585

Foreign currency translation

    —         —         —         —         25,104       (115     24,989  

Net income (loss)

    —         —         —         12,685       —         186       12,871  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at June 30, 2019

    3,000     $ —       $ 159,646     $ 4,388     $ (85,438   $ 1,203     $ 79,799  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at January 1, 2020

    3,000     $ —       $ —       $ (548,187   $ (94,387   $ 1,442     $ (641,132

Share-based compensation

    —         —         3,118       —         —         —         3,118  

Comprehensive income (loss):

             

Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax

    —         —         —         —         1,240       —         1,240  

Foreign currency translation

    —         —         —         —         (48,527     —         (48,527

Interest rate swaps

    —         —         —         —         (2,014     —         (2,014

Net income (loss)

    —         —         —         5,053       —         212       5,265  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at June 30, 2020

    3,000     $ —       $ 3,118     $ (543,134   $ (143,688   $ 1,654     $ (682,050
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

Sotera Health Company (formerly known as Sotera Health Topco, Inc.) (also referred to herein as the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or “its”), is a fully integrated provider of mission-critical health sciences, lab services and sterilization solutions with operations primarily in the Americas, Europe and Asia.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, operating results, and cash flows of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. These unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited, but reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make periodic estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We regularly evaluate the accounting policies and estimates used. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The reported results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results of operations for any future period.

We operate and report in three segments, Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. We describe our business segments in the Segment Information note. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Noncontrolling interests represents the noncontrolling stockholders’ proportionate share of the total equity in the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2020, our subsidiaries were wholly owned by us, except for noncontrolling interests of 15% and 33% in our two China subsidiaries. In addition, a 15% noncontrolling interest remains from the August 2018 acquisition of Gibraltar Laboratories, Inc. (now known as Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc.). We consolidate the results of operations of these subsidiaries with our results of operations and reflect the noncontrolling interests in our two China subsidiaries on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as “Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests.” Our required future purchase of 15% noncontrolling interest in Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc. is considered mandatorily redeemable, and therefore no earnings are allocated to this noncontrolling interest.

2. Recent Accounting Standards Updates

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

Effective January 1, 2020, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”) which was issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in 2016. The new standard requires substantially all leases to be reported on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease obligations. It also increases disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. We adopted the new guidance using the optional transition method, which required application of the new guidance to only leases that existed at the date of adoption. We also elected the “package of practical expedients,” which permitted us to not reassess under the new standard our prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. The adoption of the new standard resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $47.4 million and $48.9 million as of January 1, 2020, respectively. The standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) or on our consolidated statements of cash flows.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. As an emerging growth company, we have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies or at which time we conclude it is appropriate to avail ourselves of early adoption provisions of applicable standards. As a result, our results of operations and financial statements may not be comparable to the results of operations and financial statements of other companies who have adopted the new or revised accounting standards.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (“ASU 2016-13”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments and subsequently issued additional guidance that modified ASU 2016-13. The standard requires an entity to change its accounting approach in determining impairment of certain financial instruments, including trade receivables, from an “incurred loss” to a “current expected credit loss” model. The standard will be effective for private companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within such fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-13 will have on our financial position, results of operations, and disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12—Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes and makes a number of changes meant to add or clarify guidance on accounting for income taxes. This update is effective for annual and interim financial statement periods beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been filed. We are currently assessing the effect that ASU 2019-12 will have on our financial position, results of operations and disclosures.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting due to the cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). The amendments in this update are effective for the Company as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company adopted this standard effective March 12, 2020. The adoption of this standard had no effect in the six months ended June 30, 2020, and its future impact will depend on the manner in which the Company and its lenders ultimately address the removal of LIBOR as it relates to the long-term debt agreements described the Debt Obligations note.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

3. Revenue Recognition

The following table shows disaggregated net revenues from contracts with external customers by timing of revenue and by segment for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:

 

     Six months ended June 30, 2020  
     Sterigenics      Nordion      Nelson Labs      Consolidated  

Point in time

   $ 237,652      $ 65,766        $—        $ 303,418  

Over time

     —          —          97,867        97,867  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 237,652      $ 65,766      $ 97,867      $ 401,285  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     Six months ended June 30, 2019  
     Sterigenics      Nordion      Nelson Labs      Consolidated  

Point in time

   $ 229,945      $ 67,243        $—        $ 297,188  

Over time

     —          —          92,332        92,332  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 229,945      $ 67,243      $ 92,332      $ 389,520  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Contract Balances

As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, contract assets included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” on the consolidated balance sheets totaled approximately $12.5 million and $8.5 million, respectively, resulting from revenue recognized over time in excess of the amount billed to the customer.

When we receive consideration from a customer prior to transferring goods or services under the terms of a sales contract, we record deferred revenue, which represents a contract liability. Deferred revenue totaled $4.4 million and $3.6 million at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. We recognize deferred revenue after we have transferred control of the goods or services to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria are met.

4. Inventories

Inventory consists primarily of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   June 30, 2020     December 31, 2019  

Raw materials and supplies

   $ 23,088     $ 29,640  

Work-in-process

     1,850       1,961  

Finished goods

     5,502       5,892  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Inventories

     30,440       37,493  

Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory

     (92     (97
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Inventories, net

   $ 30,348     $ 37,396  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The inventories as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are held at Nordion.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

5. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist primarily of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   June 30, 2020      December 31, 2019  

Prepaid taxes

   $ 22,412      $ 18,614  

Prepaid business insurance

     2,250        3,422  

Prepaid rent

     1,074        1,088  

Accrual for revenue from customers

     12,522        8,508  

Insurance and indemnification receivables

     2,751        2,751  

Current deposits

     622        5,060  

Prepaid maintenance contracts

     439        397  

Derivative instruments (see Financial Instruments and Financial Risk note)

     673        242  

Value added tax receivable

     805        1,034  

Prepaid software licensing

     1,699        1,089  

Stock supplies

     2,827        2,263  

Other

     8,571        8,176  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

   $ 56,645      $ 52,644  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Changes to goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Sterigenics     Nordion     Nelson Labs      Total  

Goodwill at December 31, 2019

   $ 612,689     $ 281,890     $ 141,286      $ 1,035,865  

Changes due to foreign currency exchange rates

     (3,453     (12,838     41        (16,250
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Goodwill at June 30, 2020

   $ 609,236     $ 269,052     $ 141,327      $ 1,019,615  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Other intangible assets consist of the following as of:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

 

June 30, 2020

   Gross
Carrying
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
 

Finite-lived intangible assets

     

Customer relationships

   $ 609,723      $ 276,091  

Proprietary technology

     86,372        33,343  

Trade name

     149        89  

Land-use rights

     8,768        1,103  

Sealed source and supply agreements

     224,899        79,106  

Other

     338        300  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total finite-lived intangible assets

     930,249        390,032  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Indefinite-lived intangible assets

     

Regulatory licenses and other1

     76,430        —    

Trade name / trademark

     25,719        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total indefinite-lived intangible assets

     102,149        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 1,032,398      $ 390,032  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2019

   Gross
Carrying
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
 

Finite-lived intangible assets

     

Customer relationships

   $ 612,068      $ 248,931  

Proprietary technology

     87,971        30,224  

Trade name

     7,201        1,860  

Land-use rights

     8,896        1,011  

Sealed source and supply agreements

     235,706        74,825  

Other

     336        243  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total finite-lived intangible assets

     952,178        357,094  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Indefinite-lived intangible assets

     

Regulatory licenses and other1

     80,103        —    

Trade name / trademark

     20,819        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total indefinite-lived intangible assets

     100,922        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 1,053,100      $ 357,094  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

1 

Includes certain transportation certifications, a class 1B nuclear license and other intangibles related to obtaining such licensure. These assets are considered indefinite-lived as the decision for renewal by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission is highly based on a licensee’s previous assessments, reported incidents, and annual compliance and inspection results. New applications for license can take a significant amount of time and cost; whereas an existing licensee with a historical record of compliance and current operating conditions more than likely ensures renewal for another 10 year license period as Nordion has demonstrated over its 70 years of history.

Amounts include the impact of foreign currency translation. Fully amortized amounts are written off.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Amortization expense for other intangible assets was $39.6 million and $40.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Of the amortization expense referenced above, $10.5 million and $10.7 million is included in “Cost of revenues” for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The remainder of the amortization in each of the aforementioned periods is included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

The estimated aggregate amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

      

For the remainder of 2020

   $ 39,733  

2021

     78,929  

2022

     75,148  

2023

     75,141  

2024

     74,365  

Thereafter

     196,901  
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 540,217  
  

 

 

 

The weighted-average remaining useful life of the finite-lived intangible assets was approximately 10 years as of June 30, 2020.

7. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following at:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   June 30, 2020      December 31, 2019  

Accrued employee compensation

   $ 21,705      $ 28,912  

Legal reserves

     2,751        2,751  

Accrued interest expense

     769        10,648  

Embedded derivatives

     8,548        3,478  

Professional fees

     11,696        4,329  

Accrued utilities

     1,418        1,135  

Insurance accrual

     1,178        1,241  

Accrued taxes

     3,145        2,363  

Other

     5,724        3,679  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Accrued liabilities

   $ 56,934      $ 58,536  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

8. Debt Obligations

Long-term debt obligations consist of the following:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   June 30, 2020     December 31, 2019  

Term loan, due 2026

   $ 2,114,700     $ 2,120,000  

Senior notes, due 2027

     770,000       770,000  

Other long-term debt

     450       881  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total debt

     2,885,150       2,890,881  

Less current portion

     (21,200     (16,331

Less unamortized debt issuance costs and debt discounts

     (68,736     (73,677
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term debt, less current portion and debt issuance costs and debt discounts

   $ 2,795,214     $ 2,800,873  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Debt Facilities

1st Lien Senior Secured Credit Facilities

On December 13, 2019, SHH entered into new Senior Secured 1st Lien Credit Facilities (the “1st Lien Credit Facilities”) and settled its previously outstanding term loan and senior notes.

The 1st Lien Credit Facilities consist of both a 1st Lien Term Loan (“Term Loan”) and Revolving Credit Facility that provide for additional senior secured financing of $190.0 million. The Term Loan matures on December 13, 2026, and the Revolving Credit Facility matures on December 13, 2024. The 1st Lien Credit Facilities also provide SHH the right at any time and under certain conditions to request incremental term loans or incremental revolving credit commitments based on a formula defined in the 1st Lien Credit Facilities. As of June 30, 2020, total borrowings under the Term Loan were $2,114.7 million.

Beginning on June 30, 2020, the Term Loan is paid in equal quarterly installments in aggregate annual amounts equal to 1.0% of the Term Loan original principal amount, while the remaining balance matures on December 13, 2026. The Term Loan may bear interest at LIBOR or an alternate base rate (“ABR”) subject to a 1.00% floor plus, an incremental margin of 4.50% in the case of LIBOR loans and 3.5% in the case of ABR loans. The interest rate on borrowings under the Term Loan at June 30, 2020 was 5.50%.

As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, capitalized debt issuance costs totaled $4.5 million and $4.7 million, respectively, and debt discounts totaled $40.8 million and $44.0 million, respectively, related to the 1st Lien Credit Facilities. Such costs are recorded as a reduction of debt on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.

Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an applicable margin, plus, at our option, either (a) an ABR or (b) a LIBOR rate. The applicable margin under the Revolving Credit Facility may be reduced by reference to a leverage-based pricing grid with step-downs of 0.25% at a specified senior secured first lien net leverage ratio. In addition to paying interest on any outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, SHH is required to pay a commitment fee to the lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility in respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder and customary letter of credit fees. The Revolving Credit Facility contains a maximum senior secured first lien net leverage ratio covenant of 9.00 to 1.00, tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter if, on the last day of such fiscal quarter, the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of the revolving loans then outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, plus (ii) the aggregate

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

amount of letter of credit (“LC”) disbursements that have not been reimbursed within two business days following the end of the fiscal quarter, exceeds the greater of $76.0 million and 40.0% of the aggregate principal amount of the revolving commitments then in effect. Although this covenant did not apply as the conditions were not met, as of June 30, 2020 the first lien net leverage ratio, as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility, was approximately 5.10 to 1.00. SHH borrowed $50.0 million on the Revolving Credit Facility during the first quarter of 2020 which was repaid in the second quarter of 2020. The interest rate on the borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility averaged approximately 5.0%.

The 1st Lien Credit Facilities contain additional covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to engage in certain activities, such as incur indebtedness or permit to exist any lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, as specified in the debt facility. The 1st Lien Credit Facilities also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control. As of June 30, 2020, we were in compliance with all the 1st Lien Credit Facilities covenants.

All of SHH’s obligations under the 1st Lien Credit Facilities are unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of the Company, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the 1st Lien Credit Facilities, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the 1st Lien Credit Facilities.

Outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by encumbrances against the Revolving Credit Facility and the collateral pledged thereunder, or by cash placed on deposit with the issuing bank. As of June 30, 2020, the Company had $62.1 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility of $127.9 million.

2nd Lien Senior Secured Notes

On December 13, 2019, SHH issued $770.0 million of 2nd Lien Senior Secured Notes (the “2nd Lien Notes”), which mature on December 13, 2027. The 2nd Lien Notes bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR subject to a 1.00% floor plus 8.00% per annum. The weighted average interest rate under the 2nd Lien Notes at June 30, 2020 was 9.00%.

SHH is entitled to redeem all or a portion of the 2nd Lien Notes, at any time and from time to time, subject to certain premiums depending on the date of redemption: any time prior to December 13, 2020, a customary make-whole premium applies and, thereafter, specified premiums that decline to zero apply (in each case as described in the indenture governing the 2nd Lien Notes). In addition, under certain circumstances, such as an initial public offering or certain changes of control, SHH has certain additional redemption rights (as described in the indenture governing the 2nd Lien Notes).

All of SHH’s obligations under the 2nd Lien Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of the Company, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the 2nd Lien Notes, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all of the assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the 2nd Lien Notes. Such collateral is substantially the same collateral that secures the 1st Lien Credit Facilities, and any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the 1st Lien Credit Facilities has priority over any security interest or lien on shared collateral securing the 2nd Lien Notes.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

At June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019 capitalized debt issuance costs were $1.7 million and $1.8 million and debt discounts were $21.7 million and $23.2 million, respectively, related to the 2nd Lien notes, which are recorded as a reduction of debt on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized into interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.

9. Income Taxes

Income tax expense is provided on an interim basis based upon our estimate of the annual effective income tax rate. In determining the estimated annual effective income tax rate, we analyze various factors, including projections of our annual earnings and the taxing jurisdictions where the earnings will occur, the impact of state and local taxes, our ability to utilize tax credits and net operating loss carryforwards and available tax planning alternatives.

Our effective tax rate was (264.7%) and 59.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Income tax expense (benefit) for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 differs from the statutory rate primarily due to the impact of global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”), the foreign rate differential, and non-deductible expenses.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and among other things, provides tax relief to businesses. Tax provisions of the CARES Act include retroactive increases in the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense from 30% to 50% for tax years beginning in 2019 or 2020, and other provisions. As a result of the increased limitation on the deductibility of interest expense, we estimate a current tax benefit of $9.1 million in the six months ending June 30, 2020 related to 2019 interest expense previously recorded as deferred. In addition, we currently estimate an additional $9.1 million current tax benefit for the 2020 tax year. The increased limitation resulted in a reversal of the $5.6 million valuation allowance booked at the end of the 2019 tax year.

On July 23, 2020, final 951A regulations were published that exempts income subject to a high rate of foreign tax from inclusion as GILTI for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017.

Our current estimate of 2020 current tax expense related to GILTI is $12.7 million and is considered as a component of our estimated annual effective tax rate calculation. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized GILTI current tax expense of $10.3 million and $4.9 million, respectively.

10. Employee Benefits

The Company sponsors various post-employment benefit plans including, in certain countries outside the U.S., defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, retirement compensation arrangements, and plans that provide extended health care coverage to retired employees, the majority of which relate to Nordion.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Defined benefit pension plan

The interest cost and expected return on plan assets are recorded in “Other income, net” and the service cost component is included in the same financial statement line item as the applicable employee’s wages in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The components of net periodic pension cost for the plans for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)    Six months ended
June 30,
 
Pension    2020     2019  

Service cost

   $ 543     $ 571  

Interest cost

     3,950       4,239  

Expected return on plan assets

     (7,083     (6,576

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss

     388       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net periodic (benefit) cost

   $ (2,202   $ (1,766
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other benefit plans

Other benefit plans include a supplemental retirement arrangement, a retirement and termination allowance, and post-retirement benefit plans, which include contributory health and dental care benefits and contributory life insurance coverage. All non-pension post-employment benefit plans are unfunded.

The components of other post-retirement benefit plans for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)    Six months ended
June 30,
 
Other post-retirement benefits    2020      2019  

Service cost

   $ 14      $ 15  

Interest cost

     144        157  

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss

     26        (11
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net periodic (benefit) cost

   $ 184      $ 161  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

We currently expect funding requirements of approximately $3.0 million in each of the next five years to fund the regulatory solvency deficit, as defined by Canadian federal regulation, which require solvency testing on defined benefit pension plans.

We may obtain a qualifying letter of credit for solvency payments, up to 15% of the market value of solvency liabilities as determined on the valuation date, instead of paying cash into the pension fund. As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, we had letters of credit outstanding totaling $40.8 million and $41.0 million, respectively, related to these liabilities. The deficit has risen due to falling real interest rates where the pension liabilities increased more than the increase in the value of pension assets. The actual funding requirements over the five-year period will be dependent on subsequent annual actuarial valuations. These amounts are estimates, which may change with actual investment performance, changes in interest rates, any pertinent changes in Canadian government regulations, and any voluntary contributions.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

11. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Changes in our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances, net of tax, were as follows:

 

     Six Months Ending June 30, 2020  
(thousands of U.S. dollars)    Benefit
Plans
    Foreign
Currency
Translation
    Interest
Rate
Swaps
    Total  

Beginning balance – January 1, 2020

   $ (27,113   $ (67,453   $ 179     $ (94,387

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

     1,240       (48,527     (4,590     (51,877

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     —         —         2,576       2,576  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)

     1,240       (48,527     (2,014     (49,301
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance – June 30, 2020

   $ (25,873   $ (115,980   $ (1,835   $ (143,688
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
        
     Six Months Ending June 30, 2019  
(thousands of U.S. dollars)    Benefit
Plans
    Foreign
Currency
Translation
    Interest
Rate
Swaps
    Total  

Beginning balance – January 1, 2019

   $ (14,987   $ (94,970   $ —       $ (109,957

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

     (585     25,104       —         24,519  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance – June 30, 2019

   $ (15,572   $ (69,866   $ —       $ (85,438
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

12. Related Party Activity

In April 2020, the Company approved a loan to a member of management for approximately $0.5 million to assist with personal taxes incurred on share-based grants received. The loan is collateralized by the shares, and proceeds of distributions will be applied against the loan.

The immediate family of a member of management are 25% owners of a facility that is under lease by the Company through June 2024, with one five-year renewal option through June 2029. The rental expense related to this facility is approximately $1.0 million per year.

During 2017, the Company issued loans totaling $0.6 million to two members of management to assist with the purchase of Class A Units. The loans are interest-bearing, and repayment of each loan is required within 3 years from the date of its execution. The total value of the loans as of December 31, 2018 was $0.1 million, and they were fully paid off in 2019.

In addition, we do business with a number of other companies affiliated with Warburg Pincus and GTCR, our Sponsors. All transactions with these companies have been conducted in the ordinary course of our business and are not material to our operations.

13. Share-Based Compensation

The Company’s equity-based awards issued to employees include restricted unit awards which vest based on either time or the achievement of certain performance and market conditions. These equity-based awards represent an interest in our parent, Sotera Health Topco Parent, L.P. (“Topco Parent”), and are granted in respect of services provided to the Company and its subsidiaries.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Compensation expense resulting from time vesting based awards is recognized in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), primarily within “Selling, general and administrative expenses,” at grant date fair value over the requisite service period (typically five years on a straight-line basis for time vested awards). Compensation expense resulting from performance awards that vest upon satisfaction of a performance condition is recognized when the performance condition is met. The calculated compensation expense for performance awards would be adjusted based on an estimate of awards ultimately expected to vest.

Class B-1 time vesting units vest on a daily basis pro rata over a five-year period (20% per year), subject to the grantee’s continued services on each vesting date. Upon the occurrence of a change of control of the Company, all then outstanding unvested Class B-1 Units held by Unitholders will become vested as of the date of consummation of such change of control, subject to the Unitholder’s continued services through the consummation of the change of control.

Class B-2 Units are considered performance vesting units, and are scheduled to vest only upon satisfaction of certain performance thresholds. These units vest as of the first date on which (i) our Sponsors have received two and one-half times their invested capital in Topco Parent and (ii) the Sponsors’ internal rate of return exceeds twenty percent, subject to such grantee’s continued services through the such date. No compensation expense has been recorded on the Class B-2 Units at this time as the related performance conditions are not considered probable of achievement. In the event of a change in control of the Company, any outstanding Class B-2 Units that remain unvested immediately following the consummation of such a change in control of the Company shall be immediately canceled and forfeited without compensation.

The Company recognized $3.1 million and $3.5 million of share-based compensation for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Fair value of the Class B-1 time vesting and B-2 performance vesting units is estimated on the grant date using a lattice-based option valuation model incorporating multiple and variable assumptions over time, including assumptions such as employee forfeitures, unit price volatility and dividend assumptions.

A summary of the activity for the six months ended June 30, 2020 related to the Class B-1 and B-2 units issued to Company employees is presented below:

 

     B-1 Time
Vesting
    B-2
Performance
Vesting
 

As of December 31, 2019

     14,450,263       15,011,256  

Granted

     10,550,000       —    

Forfeited

     (84,390     (163,712

Vested

     (8,723,352     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of June 30, 2020

     16,192,521       14,487,544  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

14. Supplemental Pro Forma Earnings Per Share (unaudited)

Prior to the closing of its initial public offering, Sotera Health Company will effect a stock split to facilitate the distribution of equity interests in Sotera Health Company to holders of partnership interests in Topco Parent L.P. The number of shares of common stock that a holder of partnership interests in Topco Parent L.P. will receive will be determined by the value such holder would have received under the distribution provisions of the

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

limited partnership agreement of Topco Parent L.P., with shares of common stock valued by reference to the initial public offering price. Assuming a ratio of [●]-to-one, which is based on the assumed initial public offering price of $[●] per share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover of the Company’s prospectus, the stock split will result in an increase of [●] shares of Sotera Health Company common stock. The unaudited supplemental pro forma earnings per share data for the six months ended June 30, 2019 is presented below giving effect to the stock split.

In addition, under SEC SAB Topic 1.B.3, a dividend declared in the latest year would be deemed to be in contemplation of the offering with the intention of repayment out of offering proceeds to the extent that the dividend exceeded earnings during the previous twelve months. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company paid $691.2 million of dividends, which exceeded the $20.9 million of net loss attributable to Sotera Health Company for the year ended December 31, 2019. As the Company had a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2019, no amount of the dividend was considered paid out of recent earnings, and as such, the unaudited supplemental pro forma earnings per share and pro forma equivalent shares give effect to the issuance of the number of shares that would be required to generate net proceeds sufficient to make the dividends of $691.2 million in 2019. The number of incremental shares that would be required to be issued to pay the dividend is based on the assumed initial public offering price of $[●] per share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the cover of the Company’s prospectus after deducting estimated underwriting discount and commissions and estimated offering expenses of $[●] per share. As a result, [●] shares to be issued in the offering (the estimated proceeds from which are greater than the amount by which the 2019 dividends exceeded earnings) have been included in the denominator for purposes of pro forma earnings per share calculations for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

The following table sets forth a computation of unaudited supplemental pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share for the six months ended June 30, 2020:

 

     (unaudited)
June 30, 2020
 

Weighted average common shares outstanding—Basic and Diluted

     3,000  

Additional pro forma shares after giving effect to the stock split

  

Additional pro forma shares required to be issued in the offering necessary to pay the dividend

  

Supplemental pro forma weighted average common shares outstanding—Basic and Diluted

  

Supplemental pro forma net earnings per share—Basic and Diluted

  

15. Leases

We lease certain facilities and equipment under various non-cancelable operating leases that expire through October 2034. Most of our real property leases provide for renewal periods and rent escalations and stipulate that we pay taxes, maintenance, and certain other operating expenses applicable to the leased premises. We made an accounting policy election whereby leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are recognized as lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term and not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet.

We determine if an agreement contains a lease and classify our leases as operating or finance at the lease commencement date. Finance leases are those in which we will pay substantially all the underlying asset’s fair value or will use the asset for all or a major part of its economic life, including circumstances in which we will ultimately own the asset. Lease assets arising from finance leases are included in “Property, plant and equipment, net” and the liabilities are included in “Finance lease obligations” on the consolidated balance sheets. For finance leases, we recognize interest expense using the effective interest method and we recognize amortization expense

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

on the lease asset over the shorter of the lease term or the useful life of asset. Finance leases are accounted for as if the assets were owned and financed, with associated expense recognized in “Interest expense, net” and “Cost of revenues” or “Selling, general and administrative expenses” within the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) depending on the nature of the underlying asset.

Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. As most leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, we estimate an incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments. Our estimated incremental borrowing rate reflects a secured rate based on recent debt issuances, our estimated credit rating, and lease term.

We recognize operating lease costs on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease in “Cost of revenues” or “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) depending on the nature of the underlying asset. Non-lease components are accounted for separately from the lease components for all asset classes.

The components of lease expense were as follows for the six months ended June 30, 2020:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020
 

Operating lease costs (1)

   $ 7,315  

Finance lease costs:

  

Amortization of right of use assets

     995  

Interest on lease liabilities

     938  

Total finance lease costs

     1,933  
  

 

 

 

Total lease costs

   $ 9,248  
  

 

 

 

Operating lease expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $7.0 million.

Lease terms and discount rates were as follows:

 

     Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020
 

Weighted average remaining lease term:

  

Operating leases

     6.6 years  

Finance leases

     16.4 years  

Weighted average discount rate:

  

Operating leases

     6.27

Finance leases

     6.13

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020
 

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

  

Operating cash flows for operating leases

   $ 5,894  

Operating cash flow for finance leases

     938  

Finance cash flows for finance leases

     711  

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Maturities of lease liabilities as of June 30, 2020 are as follows:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Operating
Leases
    Finance
Leases
    Total  

Remainder of 2020

   $ 5,949     $ 1,547     $ 7,496  

2021

     10,834       3,048       13,882  

2022

     9,694       2,892       12,586  

2023

     7,653       2,906       10,559  

2024

     5,157       2,956       8,113  

2025 and Thereafter

     16,974       36,663       53,637  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total lease payments

     56,261       50,012       106,273  

Less imputed interest

     (10,798     (18,905     (29,703
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total lease liabilities

   $ 45,463     $ 31,107     $ 76,570  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

16. Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, we may be subject to various lawsuits and other claims in the ordinary course of our business. In addition, from time to time, we receive communications from government or regulatory agencies concerning investigations or allegations of noncompliance with laws or regulations in jurisdictions in which we operate.

We establish reserves for specific liabilities in connection with regulatory and legal actions that we determine to be probable and reasonably estimable. No material amounts have been accrued in our consolidated financial statements with respect to any loss contingencies. In certain of the matters described below, we are not able to make a reasonable estimate of any liability because of the uncertainties related to the outcome and/or the amount or range of loss. While it is not possible to determine the ultimate disposition of each of these matters, we do not expect that the ultimate resolution of pending regulatory and legal matters in future periods, including the matters described below, will have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations. Despite the above, the Company may incur material defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

FM Global Business Interruption Claim (NRU Outage)

Nordion, due to the shutdown of AECL’s NRU reactor in 2009, suffered a cessation of supply of radioisotopes and business interruption loss. Nordion, by Statement of Claim dated October 22, 2010, issued in Ontario Superior Court an action against the insurer, Factory Mutual Insurance Company (FM Global), claiming $25.0 million USD in losses resulting from the shutdown of AECL’s reactor and its inability to supply radioisotopes through the specified period of approximately 15 months. FM Global objected to Nordion’s claim.

Trial commenced in March 2019 and was completed in September 2019. On March 30, 2020, Nordion received a favorable judgment in the amount of $25.0 million USD, plus pre-judgment interest, for a total judgment value of $39.8 million USD, or $56.4 million CAD based on then prevailing exchange rates should Nordion opt for conversion to Canadian funds. In addition, costs and disbursements have been assessed and awarded by the trial court in favor of Nordion in the approximate amount of $1.1 million CAD ($0.8 million USD) and $161,863 CAD ($0.1 million USD), respectively. On April 27, 2020, FM Global filed notice to appeal the judgment before the Court of Appeal of Ontario. Pending a favorable judgment in the appellate court, any final proceeds would be subject to a contingent fee owed to legal counsel and applicable taxes. As the judgment is considered a

 

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contingent gain, any favorable outcome will be recognized in a future period when all appeals are exhausted. It is anticipated that the appeal process could take a year or more to complete.

Willowbrook, Illinois – Government Litigation

On October 30, 2018, the Illinois Attorney General and the State’s Attorney of DuPage County, Illinois, sued Sterigenics U.S., LLC (the “IAG Action”) alleging that authorized EO air emissions from a commercial sterilization facility Sterigenics formerly operated in Willowbrook, Illinois “cause, threaten, or allow air pollution” in violation of the Illinois Environmental Protection Act. The IAG Action did not assert that Sterigenics violated its permit from the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) authorizing Sterigenics’ release of regulated levels of EO at the Willowbrook facility.

On February 15, 2019, the acting IEPA director, John Kim, issued a “Seal Order” effectively precluding Sterigenics’ operations at the Willowbrook facility based on many of the same allegations asserted in the IAG Action. Sterigenics disputed those allegations and opposed the IEPA’s Seal Order. The Seal Order was resolved by a Consent Order entered on September 6, 2019. The Consent Order provided that Sterigenics did not admit the allegations of the IAG Action, provided for the removal of the Seal Order and allowed the Willowbrook facility to reopen upon implementation of supplemental emissions control measures consistent with a new law that became effective in Illinois in June 2019 and an IEPA permit that was approved in September 2019. Following entry of the Consent Order, the Seal Order was withdrawn.

On September 30, 2019, Sterigenics announced the closure of the Willowbrook facility due to the inability to reach an agreement to renew the facility’s lease and the unstable legislative and regulatory landscape in Illinois. Sterigenics is in the process of decommissioning the facility and completing the work required by the terms of its lease to return the property to the landlord.

Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation - Illinois

Since September 2018, tort lawsuits on behalf of nearly 800 plaintiffs (which are described further in the following paragraphs) have been filed in Illinois state court against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties related to Sterigenics’ Willowbrook, Illinois operations. Specifically, those plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries including cancer and other diseases, or wrongful death, resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from the Willowbrook facility. Plaintiffs seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. Plaintiffs have voluntarily dismissed without prejudice a number of cases since September 2018, including certain individual cases alleging personal injuries and two class actions seeking property damages.

Sterigenics successfully sought consolidation of certain of these cases for pretrial purposes, which cases have now been consolidated before Judge Lawler in the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (the “Consolidated Case”). At present, 71 individual personal injury claims remain pending in the Consolidated Case. All plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case filed a single Master Complaint on October 24, 2019 by which Sotera Health LLC was added as a co-defendant, followed by a First Amended Master Complaint on January 31, 2020. On April 28, 2020, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the claims in the First Amended Master Complaint. On August 17, 2020, the Court entered an order largely denying the motions to dismiss, and the same day plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Master Complaint. Fact discovery is taking place in the Consolidated Case. A May 3, 2021 trial date has been set for Kamuda v. Sterigenics, the first-filed of the individual cases now included in the Consolidated Case, which is the first scheduled trial in these proceedings. Four additional cases now included in the Consolidated Case are currently scheduled for trials starting in June, August, September and November 2021.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

We anticipate that additional trials will be scheduled after 2021 in roughly the order in which the individual cases were filed.

On or about August 21, 2020, approximately 750 plaintiffs filed similar personal injury lawsuits against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties in the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (but not in the existing Consolidated Case). We expect that most or all of these newly filed cases will be consolidated for pre-trial purposes with the Consolidated Case. There is currently no date set for the defendants to answer or otherwise respond to these newly filed cases.

On August 19, 2020, a lawsuit against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties was filed by seven plaintiffs in the DuPage County Circuit Court, Illinois. The plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries including but not limited to cancer resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from the Willowbrook facility. Plaintiffs seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. It is possible that this case will also be transferred to and consolidated with the above described Consolidated Case pending in Cook County, Illinois.

Additional personal injury and property damage lawsuits may be filed in the future against Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC relating to Sterigenics’ Willowbrook facility or other EO processing facilities. Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC intend to defend themselves vigorously in all such EO tort litigation.

The Company carries insurance to cover alleged environmental liabilities with limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate. The per occurrence limit related to the Willowbrook EO tort litigations was fully utilized by June 30, 2020. We have not provided for a contingency reserve in connection with these claims. While we intend to vigorously defend the Willowbrook proceedings, there can be no assurance that we will be successful. We are unable to predict the incidence or outcome of such litigation or to reasonably estimate the possible range of any losses that could be incurred. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation – Georgia

On May 19, 2020 a lawsuit against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties was filed in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia by 53 employees of a contract sterilization customer of Sterigenics. Plaintiffs claim personal injuries resulting from alleged exposure to residual ethylene oxide while working at the customer’s distribution center in Lithia Springs, Georgia and seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. Motions to dismiss were filed by all defendants in August 2020. All defendants are being defended and indemnified by Sterigenics’ contract sterilization customer (plaintiff’s employee).

In May 2020, the Cobb County, Georgia Board of Tax Assessors reduced certain residential property value assessments around the Sterigenics Atlanta facility by 10% citing an “Epd-identified environmental issue,” without providing the requisite factual support for the reduction. On August 14, 2020, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed a lawsuit against members of the Cobb County Board of Tax Assessors in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, seeking a declaration that the reduction in property value assessments is unlawful and is causing Sterigenics reputational and imminent economic harm. Defendants’ responses to the complaint are due in September 2020, at which time the Court will also receive submissions by the parties on issues of standing and jurisdiction.

On August 17, 2020 a lawsuit against Sotera Health LLC, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other parties was filed by two plaintiffs in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia. Plaintiffs allege that they suffered personal injuries

 

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and loss of consortium resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility. Plaintiffs seek damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact.

The Company carries insurance to cover alleged environmental liabilities with limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate, which is the same policy referred to under Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation - Illinois above. We have not provided for a contingency reserve in connection with these claims.

Additional personal injury and property damage lawsuits may be filed in the future against Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC relating to Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility or other EO processing facilities. Sotera Health LLC and Sterigenics U.S., LLC intend to defend themselves vigorously in all such EO tort litigation. While we intend to vigorously defend these proceedings, there can be no assurance that we will be successful. We are unable to predict the incidence or outcome of such litigation or to reasonably estimate the possible range of any losses that could be incurred. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Suspension of Georgia Facility Operations & Related Litigation

On August 7, 2019, Sterigenics U.S., LLC entered into a voluntary Consent Order with the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (“EPD”) under which Sterigenics agreed to install emissions reduction enhancements at its Atlanta facility to further reduce the facility’s EO emissions below already permitted levels. Sterigenics voluntarily suspended operations at the facility in early September 2019 to expedite completion of the enhancements. Installation of these enhancements is complete, and Sterigenics successfully tested the enhanced emissions controls in cooperation with EPD during the second quarter of 2020 while the facility was in operation.

In October 2019, while Sterigenics had voluntarily suspended the facility’s operations, Cobb County, Georgia officials asserted that the facility had an incorrect “certificate of occupancy” and could not resume operations without obtaining a new certificate of occupancy after a third-party code compliance review they required.

After the Cobb County officials would not allow Sterigenics to resume operations, on March 30, 2020, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia against Cobb County, Georgia and Cobb County officials Nicholas Dawe and Kevin Gobble. In the lawsuit, Sterigenics sought immediate injunctive relief and permanent declaratory relief to resume normal operations of the Atlanta facility in the interest of public health and on the basis that the positions asserted by Cobb County were unfounded. On April 1, 2020 the Court entered a Temporary Restraining Order prohibiting Cobb County officials from precluding or interfering with the facility’s normal operations. On April 8, 2020, the Court entered a Consent Order extending the Temporary Restraining Order and allowing the facility to continue normal operations until entry of a final judgment in the case. On June 24, 2020 Sterigenics filed an amended complaint, and on July 22, 2020 defendants filed a motion to dismiss the claims. Sterigenics has responded in opposition to the motion, and the motion will be fully briefed by September 16, 2020. A ruling on the motion to dismiss is expected by November 2020. No trial date has been set. Sterigenics’ EO processing facilities have consistently operated in compliance with air emission permits issued by state authorities and applicable USEPA air emission regulations. The USEPA is expected to propose updated air emission regulations for EO processing facilities in the coming months, and Sterigenics intends to make appropriate investments in its facilities to ensure compliance with new regulatory requirements.

17. Financial Instruments and Financial Risk

Derivative Instruments

We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and are not a party to leveraged derivatives.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

We have embedded derivatives in certain of our customer and supply contracts as a result of the currency of the contract being different from the functional currency of the parties involved. Changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives are recognized in “Other income, net” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

In June 2020, SHH entered into two interest rate cap agreements with notional amounts of $1,000.0 million and $500.0 million, respectively, for a total option premium of $0.3 million. These terminate on August 31, 2021 and February 28, 2022, respectively. The interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to the LIBOR base rate under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 1.0%. In October 2017, SHH entered into two interest rate cap agreements with a total notional amount of $400.0 million for a total option premium of $0.6 million; these agreements terminate on September 30, 2020. The interest rate caps were not designated as hedges and are recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets, with any changes in the value being recorded in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

During the third quarter of 2019, SHH entered into two interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to interest rate movements and to manage interest expense related to our outstanding variable-rate debt. These swaps were designated as hedges against the changes in cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged, and any changes in the fair value of the swap are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). We received interest at one-month LIBOR and paid a fixed interest rate under the terms of the swap agreement. The swap agreements terminated on August 31, 2020. The notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements totaled $1,000.0 million.

The following table provides the fair values of our derivative instruments:

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   June 30, 2020      December 31, 2019  

Assets

     

Interest rate caps

   $ 86      $ 1  

Interest rate swaps

     —          242  

Embedded derivatives(a)

     587        —    

Liabilities

     

Embedded derivatives(a)

   $ 6,062      $ 3,478  

Interest rate swaps

     2,486        —    

 

(a)

As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, total notional amounts for certain of the Company’s supply and customer contracts for embedded derivatives were approximately $93.6 million and $96.0 million, respectively.

The interest rate caps are included in “Other assets” whereas interest rate swap assets and embedded derivative assets are included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” on our consolidated balance sheets. Embedded derivative liabilities and interest rate swap liabilities are included in “Accrued liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

The following tables summarize the activities of our derivative instruments for the periods presented, and the line item where the activity is included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss):

 

     Six months ended June 30,  

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

       2020              2019      

Unrealized loss / (gain) on interest rate caps recorded in Interest expense, net

   $ 172      $ 324  

Unrealized loss / (gain) on embedded derivatives recorded in Other expense (income), net

     2,043        (1,847

In addition, during the six months ended June 30, 2020, we recognized $2.0 million of losses, net of tax, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to the change in fair value of the interest rate swaps. The amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) will be reclassified to interest expense should the hedge no longer be considered effective. No amount of ineffectiveness was included in net income (loss) for the six months ended June 30, 2020. We classify cash flows from derivative instruments and hedging activities as cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Credit Risk

Certain of our financial assets, including cash and cash equivalents, are exposed to credit risk.

We are also exposed, in our normal course of business, to credit risk from our customers. As of June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019, accounts receivable was net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts of $0.7 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

Credit risk on financial instruments arises from the potential for counterparties to default on their contractual obligations to the Company. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance, but do not anticipate non-performance by any of the counterparties to our financial instruments. We limit our credit risk by dealing with counterparties that are considered to be of high credit quality. In the event of non-performance by counterparties, the carrying value of our financial instruments represents the maximum amount of loss that would be incurred.

Fair Value Hierarchy

The fair value of our financial instruments is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The valuation techniques we would use to determine such fair values are described as follows: Level 1—fair values determined by inputs utilizing quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2—fair values based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable; Level 3—fair values determined by unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

The following table discloses our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

 

As of June 30, 2020

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Level 1      Level 2     Level 3      Total  

Interest rate caps

   $ —        $ 86     $ —        $ 86  

Interest rate swaps

     —          (2,486     —          (2,486

Embedded derivative assets

        587          587  

Embedded derivative liabilities

     —          (6,062     —          (6,062

 

As of December 31, 2019

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Level 1      Level 2     Level 3      Total  

Interest rate caps

   $ —        $ 1     $ —        $ 1  

Interest rate swaps

     —          242       —          242  

Embedded derivative liabilities

     —          (3,478     —          (3,478

The fair value of our 1st Lien Term Loan due 2026 and the 2nd Lien Secured Notes due 2027 was $2,072.4 million and $649.9 million, respectively as of June 30, 2020. The fair value of our 1st Lien Term Loan due 2026 and the 2nd Lien Secured Notes due 2027 was $2,130.6 million and $770.0 million, respectively as of December 31, 2019. The fair values were calculated using external pricing information, which is considered a Level 2 input as described above.

18. Segment Information

We identify our operating segments based on the way we manage, evaluate and internally report our business activities for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. We have three reportable segments: Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. We have determined our reportable segments based upon an assessment of organizational structure, service types, and internally prepared financial statements. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates performance and allocate resources based on net revenues and segment income after the elimination of intercompany activities. The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in the Significant Accounting Policies note.

Sterigenics

The Sterigenics segment provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets.

Nordion

Nordion is a global provider of Co-60 and gamma irradiators, which are key components to the gamma sterilization process.

Nelson Labs

Nelson Labs provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and biopharmaceutical industries.

 

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Sotera Health Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

For six months ended June 30, 2020, two customers reported within the Nordion segment individually represented 10% or more of the segment’s total net revenues. These customers represented 18.9% and 14.5% of the segment’s external net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Six Months Ended June 30, 2020  
     Sterigenics      Nordion      Nelson Labs      Consolidated  

Net revenues1

   $ 237,652      $ 65,766      $ 97,867      $ 401,285  

Segment income2

     126,121        40,431        39,760        206,312  

Capital expenditures

     20,965        982        1,491        23,438  

 

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

   Six Months Ended June 30, 2019  
     Sterigenics      Nordion      Nelson Labs      Consolidated  

Net revenues1

   $ 229,945      $ 67,243      $ 92,332      $ 389,520  

Segment income2

     117,490        37,132        35,417        190,039  

Capital expenditures

     21,618        1,498        1,752        24,868  

 

1 

Revenues are reported net of intersegment sales. Our Nordion segment recognized $19.9 million and $29.9 million in revenues from sales to our Sterigenics segment for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, that is not reflected in net revenues in the table above. Intersegment sales for Sterigenics and Nelson Labs are immaterial for both periods.

2 

Segment income is only provided on a net basis to the chief operating decision maker and is reported net of intersegment profits

Corporate operating expenses for executive management, accounting, information technology, legal, human resources, treasury, corporate development, tax, purchasing, and marketing are allocated to the segments based on total net revenue.

Total assets and depreciation and amortization expense by segment are not readily available and are not reported separately to the chief operating decision maker.

A reconciliation of segment income to consolidated income (loss) before taxes is as follows.:

 

       Six Months Ended June 30,  

(thousands of U.S. dollars)

         2020              2019      

Segment income

     $ 206,312      $ 190,039  

Less adjustments:

       

Interest expense, net

       111,812        75,127  

Depreciation and amortization(a)

       71,057        73,576  

Share-based compensation(b)

       3,118        3,454  

(Gain) loss on foreign currency and embedded derivatives(c)

       1,244        (967

Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(d)

       2,289        (558

Business optimization project expenses(e)

       1,799        1,165  

Plant closure expenses(f)

       1,222        —    

Professional services relating to Willowbrook and Atlanta facilities(g)

       13,640        5,805  

Accretion of asset retirement obligation(h)

       982        974  

COVID-19 expenses(i)

       2,347        —    
    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Consolidated income (loss) before taxes

     $ (3,198    $ 31,463  
    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

(a) 

Includes depreciation of Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites.

(b) 

Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense.

(c) 

Represents the effects of (i) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily related to remeasurement of intercompany loans denominated in currencies other than subsidiaries’ functional currencies, and (ii) non-cash mark-to-fair value of embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion.

(d) 

Represents (i) certain direct and incremental costs related to the acquisition of Gibraltar Laboratories, Inc. (“Nelson Fairfield”) in 2018 and Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. in July 2020, and certain related integration efforts as a result of those acquisitions, (ii) the earnings impact of fair value adjustments (excluding those recognized within amortization expense) resulting from the businesses acquired, and (iii) transition services income and non-cash deferred lease income associated with the terms of the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in 2018.

(e) 

Represents professional fees, contract termination and exit costs, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with business optimization and cost savings projects relating to the integrations of Nordion and Nelson Labs, including the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business, the withdrawal from the GA-MURR project, the Sotera Health rebranding, operating structure realignment and other process enhancement projects.

(f) 

Represents professional fees, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with the closure of the Willowbrook, Illinois facility.

(g) 

Represents professional fees related to litigation associated with our EO sterilization facilities in Willowbrook, Illinois and Atlanta, Georgia and other related professional fees. See “Commitments and Contingencies” note.

(h) 

Represents the non-cash accretion of asset retirement obligations related to Co-60 and gamma processing facilities, which are based on estimated site remediation costs for any future decommissioning of these facilities (without regard for whether the decommissioning services would be performed by employees of Nordion, instead of by a third party) and are accreted over the life of the asset.

(i) 

Represents non-recurring costs associated with COVID-19, including donations to related charitable causes and special bonuses for front-line personnel working on-site during lockdown periods.

19. Subsequent Events

We have evaluated events occurring subsequent to June 30, 2020 through September 2, 2020, which is the date the consolidated financial statements were available to be issued.

Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. Acquisition

On July 31, 2020, we acquired Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. (“Iotron”) for approximately $145.0 million Canadian dollars (“CAD”) (approximately $108.1 million USD), subject to customary working capital and other adjustments. Iotron is an independent contact sterilizer with two North American locations in Vancouver, Canada, and Columbia City, Indiana. Each location uses proprietary high energy electron beam technology to process products for orthopedic, medical device, plastics, and agricultural businesses. Sales for Iotron’s fiscal year-ended September 30, 2019 were $22.8 million CAD ($16.7 million USD) and will be part of the Sterigenics segment. The acquisition was financed by the issuance of $100.0 million of 1st lien notes due 2026 by SHH. This new issuance is privately placed and bears an interest rate of 3-month LIBOR, which cannot be less than 1.00%, plus a margin of 6.00%. Interest is payable on a quarterly basis with no principal due until maturity.

 

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                Shares

 

 

LOGO

Common Stock

 

 

Prospectus

            , 2020

 

 

J.P. Morgan

Credit Suisse

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC

Jefferies

 

 

Barclays

Citigroup

RBC Capital Markets

BNP PARIBAS

KeyBanc Capital Markets

Citizens Capital Markets

ING

Through and including                 , 20     (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to each dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to unsold allotments or subscriptions.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 13.

Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

Estimated expenses payable in connection with the sale of the common stock in this offering are as follows:

 

SEC registration fee

   $         *  

FINRA filing fee

     *  

Stock exchange listing fee

     *  

Printing and engraving expenses

     *  

Legal fees and expenses

     *  

Accounting fees and expenses

     *  

Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses

     *  

Blue Sky fees and expenses

     *  

Miscellaneous

     *  
  

 

 

 

Total

     $          
  

 

 

 

 

*

To be completed by amendment.

We will bear all of the expenses shown above.

 

Item 14.

Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Section 145 of the DGCL provides that a corporation may indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and individuals against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with specified actions, suits and proceedings whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, other than a derivative action by or in the right of the corporation, if they acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. A similar standard is applicable in the case of derivative actions, except that indemnification extends only to expenses, including attorneys’ fees, incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of such action and the statute requires court approval before there can be any indemnification where the person seeking indemnification has been found liable to the corporation. The statute provides that it is not exclusive of other indemnification that may be granted by a corporation’s certificate of incorporation, bylaws, disinterested director vote, stockholder vote, agreement or otherwise.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws will provide for indemnification of directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law, including payment of expenses in advance of resolution of any such matter. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will eliminate the potential personal monetary liability of our directors to us or our stockholders for breaches of their duties as directors except as otherwise required under the DGCL. Any amendment to, or repeal of, these provisions will not eliminate or reduce the effect of these provisions in respect of any act, omission or claim that occurred or arose prior to that amendment or repeal. If the DGCL is amended to provide for further limitations on the personal liability of directors of corporations, then the personal liability of our directors will be further limited to the greatest extent permitted by the DGCL.

We have entered into or will enter into separate indemnification agreements with our directors and officers that may be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the DGCL. Each indemnification agreement provides, among other things, for indemnification to the fullest extent permitted by law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws against any and all expenses,

 

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judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement of any claim. The indemnification agreements provide for the advancement or payment of all expenses to the indemnitee and for reimbursement to us if it is found that such indemnitee is not entitled to such indemnification under applicable law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws. We believe that these agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and officers.

The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions expected to be included in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the indemnification agreements that we have entered into or will enter into with our directors and officers may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and executive officers as required by these indemnification provisions.

We maintain standard policies of insurance under which, subject to the limitations of the policies, coverage is provided (i) to our directors and officers against loss rising from claims made by reason of breach of duty or other wrongful acts as a director or officer, including claims relating to public securities matters, and (ii) to us with respect to payments which we may make to such officers and directors pursuant to our indemnification obligations or otherwise as a matter of law.

Certain of our non-employee directors may, through their relationships with their employers, be insured and/or indemnified against certain liabilities incurred in their capacity as members of our board of directors. Although directors designated for election to our board of directors by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses or insurance provided or obtained by investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR, respectively, we have agreed in our Stockholders’ Agreement that we will be the indemnitor of first resort, will advance the full amount of expenses incurred by each such director and, to the extent that investment funds and entities affiliated with either Warburg Pincus or GTCR or their insurers make any payment to, or advance any expenses to, any such director, we will reimburse those investment funds and entities and their insurers for such amounts.

The underwriting agreement, filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement, will provide for indemnification, under certain circumstances, by the underwriters of us and our officers and directors for certain liabilities arising under the Securities Act or otherwise.

 

Item 15.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.

In the three years preceding the filing of this registration statement, we have issued the following securities that were not registered under the Securities Act:

PIK Toggle Notes

On November 24, 2017, Sotera Health Company (formerly known as Sotera Health Topco, Inc.) issued an aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million of 8.125%/8.875% Senior PIK Toggle Notes due 2021 (the “PIK Toggle Notes”), which was used to pay a cash distribution to Topco Parent, which, in turn, used such proceeds for distributions, equity repurchases and other payments to its equity holders. The initial purchasers for the PIK Toggle Notes were Jefferies LLC and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC.

The PIK Toggle Notes were offered and sold to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act or to non-U.S. investors outside the United States in compliance with Regulation S of the Securities Act.

 

II-2


Table of Contents
Item 16.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a) Exhibits: The list of exhibits is set forth in beginning on page II-4 of this Registration Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

(b) Financial Statement Schedules: No financial statement schedules are provided because the information called for is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

 

Item 17.

Undertakings.

* (h) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers, and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer, or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

* (i) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

 

   

For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by us pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

 

   

For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  *

Paragraph references correspond to those of Regulation S-K, Item 512.

 

II-3


Table of Contents

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit No

 

Description of Exhibits

  1.1*   Form of Underwriting Agreement
  3.1*   Form of Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant
  3.2*   Form of Bylaws of the Registrant
  4.1*   Specimen Stock Certificate of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
  4.2*   Form of Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement
  4.3   Indenture, dated as of December  13, 2019, among Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the Registrant, the intermediate parents and subsidiary note parties thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as second lien notes collateral agent, calculation agent and trustee
  4.4   Indenture, dated as of July  31, 2020, among Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the Registrant, the intermediate parents and subsidiary note parties thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as first lien notes collateral agent, calculation agent and trustee
  4.5   Form of Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Note due 2027 (included in Exhibit 4.3)
  4.6   Form of Senior Secured First Lien Floating Rate Note due 2026 (included in Exhibit 4.4)
  4.7   First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July  31, 2020, among Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the additional guarantors party thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee and second lien notes collateral agent
  4.8   Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 9, 2020, among Sotera Health Holdings, LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee and second lien notes collateral agent
  5.1*   Opinion of Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP
10.1*+   Michael B. Petras, Jr. Employment Agreement
10.2*+   Scott J. Leffler Employment Agreement
10.3*+   Matthew J. Klaben Employment Agreement
10.4*+   Sotera Health Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan, effective as of January 1, 2018
10.5*+   New Equity Plan
10.6*+   Form of Award Agreement Under New Equity Plan
10.7*+   Form of Restricted Stock Agreement and Acknowledgement
10.8*   Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into between the Registrant and each director and executive officer
10.9*   Form of Stockholders’ Agreement
10.10   Credit Agreement, dated as of December  13, 2019, among the Registrant, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the lenders and issuing banks party thereto and Jefferies Finance LLC, as first lien administrative agent and first lien collateral agent
10.11   Guarantee Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, among the Registrant, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the other guarantors party thereto and Jefferies Finance LLC, as first lien collateral agent
10.12   Collateral Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, among the Registrant, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the other guarantors party thereto and Jefferies Finance LLC, as first lien collateral agent

 

II-4


Table of Contents

Exhibit No

  

Description of Exhibits

10.13    Patent Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent
10.14    Trademark Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent
10.15    Trademark Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Nelson Laboratories, LLC and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent
10.16    Trademark Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Sotera Health LLC and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent
10.17    Copyright Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, among Jefferies Finance LLC and Nelson Laboratories, LLC, as collateral agent
10.18    Second Lien Collateral Agreement, dated as of December  13, 2019, among the Registrant, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the other grantors party thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as second lien notes collateral agent
10.19    Patent Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as second lien notes collateral agent
10.20    Trademark Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as second lien notes collateral agent
10.21    Trademark Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Nelson Laboratories, LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as second lien notes collateral agent
10.22    Trademark Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Sotera Health LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as second lien notes collateral agent
10.23    Copyright Security Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, between Nelson Laboratories, LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as second lien notes collateral agent
10.24    First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, among the Registrant, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the other grantors party thereto, Jefferies Finance LLC, as first lien collateral agent and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as initial second priority representative
10.25    First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2020, among Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the Registrant, Jefferies Finance LLC as Collateral Agent and Authorized Representative, and Wilmington Trust, National Association as Additional First Lien Collateral Agent and Initial Authorized Representative
10.26    First Lien Collateral Agreement, dated as of July  31, 2020, among the Registrant, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, the other grantors party thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as first lien notes collateral agent
10.27    Patent Security Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2020, between Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as first lien notes collateral agent
10.28    Trademark Security Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2020, between Sotera Health Holdings LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as first lien notes collateral agent
10.29    Copyright Security Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2020, between Nelson Laboratories, LLC and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as first lien notes collateral agent
10.30†    Restated Supply Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2020, between a counterparty and Sterigenics U.S., LLC, Sterigenics S. De R.L. De C.V., Sterigenics Costa Rica S.R.L. and Sterigenics EO Canada, Inc.
21.1*    List of Significant Subsidiaries

 

II-5


Table of Contents

Exhibit No

  

Description of Exhibits

23.1*    Consent of Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.2    Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
24.1    Powers of Attorney (included on signature page)

 

+

Denotes management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

*

To be filed by amendment.

Certain confidential portions of this exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K. The omitted information is (i) not material and (ii) would likely cause us competitive harm if publicly disclosed. We agree to furnish supplementally an unredacted copy of the exhibit to the Securities and Exchange Commission on its request.

 

II-6


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Broadview Heights, State of Ohio on October 23, 2020.

 

SOTERA HEALTH COMPANY
By:   /s/ Michael B. Petras, Jr.
Name:   Michael B. Petras, Jr.
Title:   Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

The undersigned directors and officers of Sotera Health Company hereby constitute and appoint Michael B. Petras, Jr., Scott J. Leffler and Matthew J. Klaben, and each of them, any of whom may act without joinder of the other, the individual’s true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for the person and in his or her name, place and stead, and in any and all capacities, to sign this Registration Statement and any and all amendments, including post-effective amendments to the Registration Statement, including a prospectus or an amended prospectus therein and any Registration Statement for the same offering that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all other documents in connection therewith to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact as agents or any of them, or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Name

  

Title

 

Date

/s/ Michael B. Petras, Jr.

Michael B. Petras, Jr.

  

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

  October 23, 2020

/s/ Scott J. Leffler

Scott J. Leffler

  

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

  October 23, 2020

/s/ Sean L. Cunningham

   Director   October 23, 2020
Sean L. Cunningham     

/s/ David A. Donnini

   Director   October 23, 2020
David A. Donnini     

/s/ Stephanie Geveda

   Director   October 23, 2020
Stephanie Geveda     

/s/ Ann R. Klee

   Director   October 23, 2020
Ann R. Klee     

/s/ Constantine S. Mihas

   Director   October 23, 2020
Constantine S. Mihas     

/s/ James C. Neary

   Director   October 23, 2020
James C. Neary     

 

II-7

EX-4.3

Exhibit 4.3

INDENTURE

Dated as of December 13, 2019

among

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

THE INTERMEDIATE PARENTS AND SUBSIDIARY NOTE PARTIES PARTY HERETO

and

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, Calculation Agent and Trustee

SENIOR SECURED SECOND LIEN FLOATING RATE NOTES DUE 2027

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

     1  

Section 1.01

 

Definitions

     1  

Section 1.02

 

Other Definitions

     55  

Section 1.03

 

Incorporation by Reference of Certain Provisions of the Trust Indenture Act

     56  

Section 1.04

 

Rules of Construction

     56  

Section 1.05

 

Acts of Holders

     58  

Section 1.06

 

Limited Condition Transactions

     60  

ARTICLE 2 THE NOTES

     60  

Section 2.01

 

Form and Dating; Terms

     60  

Section 2.02

 

Execution and Authentication

     62  

Section 2.03

 

Registrar and Paying Agent

     62  

Section 2.04

 

Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust

     62  

Section 2.05

 

Holder Lists

     63  

Section 2.06

 

Transfer and Exchange

     63  

Section 2.07

 

Replacement Notes

     75  

Section 2.08

 

Outstanding Notes

     75  

Section 2.09

 

Treasury Notes

     75  

Section 2.10

 

Temporary Notes

     76  

Section 2.11

 

Cancellation

     76  

Section 2.12

 

Defaulted Interest

     76  

Section 2.13

 

CUSIP and ISIN Numbers

     76  

ARTICLE 3 REDEMPTION

     77  

Section 3.01

 

Notices to Trustee

     77  

Section 3.02

 

Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed or Purchased

     77  

Section 3.03

 

Notice of Redemption

     77  

Section 3.04

 

Effect of Notice of Redemption

     78  

Section 3.05

 

Deposit of Redemption or Purchase Price

     79  

Section 3.06

 

Notes Redeemed or Purchased in Part

     79  

Section 3.07

 

Optional Redemption

     79  

Section 3.08

 

Mandatory Redemption

     80  

Section 3.09

 

Offer Events

     81  

ARTICLE 4 AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

     84  

Section 4.01

 

Financial Statements and Other Information

     84  

Section 4.02

 

[Reserved]

     86  

Section 4.03

 

Payment of Notes

     86  

Section 4.04

 

Maintenance of Office or Agency

     86  

Section 4.05

 

Information Regarding Collateral

     87  

Section 4.06

 

Existence; Conduct of Business

     87  

Section 4.07

 

Payment of Taxes, etc

     87  

Section 4.08

 

Maintenance of Properties

     88  


         Page  

Section 4.09

 

Insurance

     88  

Section 4.10

 

Books and Records

     88  

Section 4.11

 

Compliance with Laws

     89  

Section 4.12

 

Use of Proceeds.

     89  

Section 4.13

 

Additional Subsidiaries

     89  

Section 4.14

 

Further Assurances

     90  

Section 4.15

 

Designation of Subsidiaries

     91  

Section 4.16

 

Lines of Business

     92  

Section 4.17

 

Compliance Certificate

     92  

Section 4.18

 

Stay, Extension and Usury Laws

     92  

ARTICLE 5 NEGATIVE COVENANTS

     92  

Section 5.01

 

Indebtedness; Certain Equity Securities

     92  

Section 5.02

 

Liens

     101  

Section 5.03

 

Fundamental Changes; Holdings Covenant

     104  

Section 5.04

 

Investments, Loans, Advances, Guarantees and Acquisitions

     106  

Section 5.05

 

Asset Sales

     108  

Section 5.06

 

[Reserved]

     110  

Section 5.07

 

Restricted Payments; Certain Payments of Indebtedness

     110  

Section 5.08

 

Transactions with Affiliates

     115  

Section 5.09

 

Restrictive Agreements

     116  

Section 5.10

 

Amendment of Junior Financing

     117  

Section 5.11

 

Changes in Fiscal Periods

     118  

Section 5.12

 

Restriction on Affiliated Lenders

     118  

ARTICLE 6 DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

     118  

Section 6.01

 

Events of Default

     118  

Section 6.02

 

Acceleration

     120  

Section 6.03

 

Other Remedies

     121  

Section 6.04

 

Waiver of Past Defaults

     121  

Section 6.05

 

Control by Majority

     122  

Section 6.06

 

Limitation on Suits

     122  

Section 6.07

 

Rights of Holders of Notes to Receive Payment

     122  

Section 6.08

 

Collection Suit by Trustee

     122  

Section 6.09

 

Restoration of Rights and Remedies

     123  

Section 6.10

 

Rights and Remedies Cumulative

     123  

Section 6.11

 

Delay or Omission Not Waiver

     123  

Section 6.12

 

Trustee May File Proofs of Claim

     123  

Section 6.13

 

Priorities

     124  

Section 6.14

 

Undertaking for Costs

     124  

ARTICLE 7 TRUSTEE AND SECOND LIEN NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT

     125  

Section 7.01

 

Duties of Trustee

     125  

Section 7.02

 

Rights of Trustee

     126  

Section 7.03

 

Individual Rights of Trustee

     127  

Section 7.04

 

Trustee’s Disclaimer

     128  

 

-ii-


         Page  

Section 7.05

 

Notice of Defaults

     128  

Section 7.06

 

[Reserved]

     128  

Section 7.07

 

Compensation and Indemnity

     128  

Section 7.08

 

Replacement of Trustee

     129  

Section 7.09

 

Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc

     130  

Section 7.10

 

Eligibility; Disqualification

     130  

Section 7.11

 

Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer

     130  

Section 7.12

 

Security Documents; Intercreditor Agreements.

     130  

Section 7.13

 

Replacement of Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

     131  

ARTICLE 8 LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

     131  

Section 8.01

 

Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance

     131  

Section 8.02

 

Legal Defeasance and Discharge

     132  

Section 8.03

 

Covenant Defeasance

     132  

Section 8.04

 

Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance

     133  

Section 8.05

 

Deposited Money and Government Securities to Be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions

     134  

Section 8.06

 

Repayment to Issuer

     134  

Section 8.07

 

Reinstatement

     134  

ARTICLE 9 AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER

     135  

Section 9.01

 

Without Consent of Holders of Notes

     135  

Section 9.02

 

With Consent of Holders of Notes

     136  

Section 9.03

 

Note Purchase Agreement.

     138  

Section 9.04

 

Revocation and Effect of Consents

     138  

Section 9.05

 

Notation on or Exchange of Notes

     139  

Section 9.06

 

Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to Sign Amendments, Etc

     139  

ARTICLE 10 NOTES GUARANTEES

     139  

Section 10.01

 

Guarantee

     139  

Section 10.02

 

Limitation on Notes Guarantor’s Liability

     141  

Section 10.03

 

Execution and Delivery

     142  

Section 10.04

 

Subrogation

     142  

Section 10.05

 

Benefits Acknowledged

     142  

Section 10.06

 

Release of Guarantees

     143  

ARTICLE 11 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

     143  

Section 11.01

 

Satisfaction and Discharge

     143  

Section 11.02

 

Application of Trust Money

     144  

ARTICLE 12 COLLATERAL

     144  

Section 12.01

 

Security Documents

     144  

Section 12.02

 

Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent

     145  

Section 12.03

 

Release of Collateral

     146  

 

-iii-


         Page  

Section 12.04

 

Suits to Protect the Collateral

     148  

Section 12.05

 

Authorization of Actions to be Taken

     148  

Section 12.06

 

Purchaser Protected

     149  

Section 12.07

 

Powers Exercisable by Receiver or Trustee

     149  

Section 12.08

 

Release Upon Termination of the Issuer’s Obligations

     149  

Section 12.09

 

No Impairment of the Security Interests

     150  

ARTICLE 13 MISCELLANEOUS

     150  

Section 13.01

 

Notices

     150  

Section 13.02

 

Communication by Holders of Notes with Other Holders of Notes

     152  

Section 13.03

 

Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent

     152  

Section 13.04

 

Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion

     153  

Section 13.05

 

Rules by Trustee and Agents

     153  

Section 13.06

 

No Personal Liability of Directors, Responsible Officers, Employees and Stockholders

     153  

Section 13.07

 

Governing Law

     153  

Section 13.08

 

Waiver of Jury Trial

     154  

Section 13.09

 

Submission to Jurisdiction

     154  

Section 13.10

 

Force Majeure

     154  

Section 13.11

 

No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements

     154  

Section 13.12

 

Successors

     154  

Section 13.13

 

Severability

     154  

Section 13.14

 

Counterpart Originals

     154  

Section 13.15

 

Table of Contents, Headings, Etc

     155  

Section 13.16

 

U.S.A. PATRIOT Act

     155  

Section 13.17

 

Calculation Agent

     155  

 

-iv-


SCHEDULES

 

Schedule 1.01

  

Excluded Subsidiaries

Schedule 4.14

  

Certain Post-Closing Obligations

Schedule 5.01

  

Existing Indebtedness

Schedule 5.02

  

Existing Liens

Schedule 5.04

  

Existing Investments

Schedule 5.08

  

Existing Affiliate Transactions

Schedule 5.09

  

Existing Restrictions

EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit A

  

Form of Global Note

Exhibit B

  

Form of Certificate of Transfer

Exhibit C

  

Form of Certificate of Exchange

Exhibit D

  

Form of Certificate from Acquiring Institutional Accredited Investor

Exhibit E

  

Form of Supplemental Indenture to be Delivered by Additional Guarantors

Exhibit F

  

Form of Perfection Certificate

Exhibit G

  

Form of Second Lien Collateral Agreement (including Forms of Intellectual Property Security Agreements)

Exhibit H-1

  

Form of First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement

Exhibit H-2

  

Form of Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement

Exhibit H-3

  

Form of ABL Intercreditor Agreement

 

 

-v-


INDENTURE, dated as of December 13, 2019 among Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”), Sotera Health Topco, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Initial Holdings”), each Intermediate Parent (as defined herein) and Subsidiary Note Party (as defined herein) party hereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, a national banking association, as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, Calculation Agent and Trustee.

W I T N E S S E T H

WHEREAS, the Issuer has duly authorized the creation of an issue of $770,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its Senior Secured Floating Rate Notes due 2027; and

WHEREAS, the Issuer and each of the Notes Guarantors have duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture.

NOW, THEREFORE, the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent agree as follows for the benefit of each other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes.

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Section 1.01 Definitions.

As used in this Indenture, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

144A Global Note” means a Global Note substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Note Legend and the Private Placement Legend and deposited with or on behalf of, and registered in the name of, the Depositary or its nominee that will be issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes sold or to be sold in reliance on Rule 144A.

ABL Credit Agreement” shall mean the credit agreement in respect of any ABL Facility pursuant to which the ABL Obligations are incurred by the Issuer or one or more of its Subsidiaries as borrower(s), as amended, modified, supplemented, substituted, replaced, restated or refinanced, in whole or in part, from time to time.

ABL Facility” shall mean an asset-based loan facility of the Issuer provided pursuant to the applicable ABL Loan Documents; provided that (i) no Liens shall be granted to secure the ABL Obligations other than (A) a first-priority security interest in the ABL Priority Collateral, subject to a perfected third-priority security interest in such ABL Priority Collateral in favor of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties to secure the Notes Obligations pursuant to the Security Documents and (B) at the option of the Issuer, a junior-priority security interest in any other Collateral (other than ABL Priority Collateral) in which the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent has a perfected second-priority security interest for the benefit of the Secured Parties, (ii) such facility shall not (x) be guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party or (y) govern or otherwise contemplate any “restricted subsidiaries” that are not Restricted Subsidiaries, and (iii) upon the establishment of an ABL Facility, (A) the Issuer shall deliver an Officer’s Certificate to the Trustee and the Controlling Party on or prior to the date of incurrence of such ABL Facility designating such Indebtedness as an ABL Facility, (B) if the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is not then in effect, the Trustee and the Controlling Party shall have received a copy of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement duly executed by the ABL Representative with respect to such ABL Facility, the Issuer and each Notes Guarantor, (C) if the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is then

 

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in effect, the ABL Representative with respect to such Indebtedness shall have duly executed and delivered to the Trustee and the Controlling Party a joinder agreement in the form attached as an exhibit to the ABL Intercreditor Agreement and (D) (x) all Credit Agreement Obligations owing to any Credit Agreement Secured Party under or in respect of any revolving facility shall have been paid in full in cash (other than any contingent indemnification obligations not yet accrued and payable) and (y) all of the Revolving Commitments, commitments in respect of swingline loans or other revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement shall have been terminated in full or are terminated in full substantially simultaneously with the effectiveness of the ABL Facility.

ABL Intercreditor Agreement” means the ABL Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit H-3 among the Credit Agreement Agent, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the ABL Representative and one or more Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral, with such modifications thereto as may be reasonably agreed by the Issuer and (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party, (y) from and after the Disposition Date and prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations (i) so long as the modifications would not result in the Secured Parties being treated less favorably than the Credit Agreement Secured Parties, the Authorized Representative (as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement) for the Credit Agreement Obligations and (ii) to the extent the modifications would result in the Secured Parties being treated less favorably than the Credit Agreement Secured Parties, the Required Holders and (z) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders.

ABL Loan Documents” shall mean, collectively, (i) the ABL Credit Agreement and (ii) the security documents, intercreditor agreements (including the ABL Intercreditor Agreement), guarantees, joinders and other agreements or instruments executed in connection with the ABL Credit Agreement or such other agreements, in each case, as amended, modified, supplemented, substituted, replaced, restated or refinanced, in whole or in part, from time to time.

ABL Obligations” shall mean all Indebtedness and other obligations of the Issuer and any other Note Parties outstanding under or pursuant to the ABL Loan Documents, together with guarantees thereof that are secured, or intended to be secured, under the ABL Loan Documents, including any direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, interest and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against the Issuer, any other Note Party or any guarantor of ABL Obligations of any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Laws naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such proceeding, and any obligations under a Swap Agreement and cash management obligations that are secured by the Liens securing the Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the ABL Credit Agreement pursuant to the security documents entered into in connection with the ABL Credit Agreement.

ABL Priority Collateral” means all the “ABL Priority Collateral” as defined in the ABL Intercreditor Agreement.

ABL Representative” shall mean, with respect to any series of ABL Obligations, the administrative agent or collateral agent or other representative of the holders of such series of ABL Obligations who maintains the transfer register for such series of ABL Obligations and is appointed as a representative for purposes related to the administration of the security documents pursuant to the ABL Credit Agreement or other agreement governing such series of ABL Obligations.

Account” means each of Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Oak Hill Advisors, L.P., Ares Capital Management LLC and/or The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.

 

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Account Parties” means, as to each Account, (a) the Initial Purchasers related thereto and (b) any Related Purchasers thereof from time to time.

Acquired EBITDA” means, with respect to any Acquired Entity or Business or any Converted Restricted Subsidiary (any of the foregoing, a “Pro Forma Entity”) for any period as the amount for such period of Consolidated EBITDA of such Pro Forma Entity (determined as if references to the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries in the definition of “Consolidated EBITDA” were references to such Pro Forma Entity and its subsidiaries that will become Restricted Subsidiaries), all as determined on a consolidated basis for such Pro Forma Entity.

Affiliate” means, with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly or indirectly Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified.

Affiliated Lender” means, at any time, any Lender (as defined in the Credit Agreement) that is an Investor, a Sponsor, or an Affiliate of an Investor or a Sponsor (other than Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries) at such time, to the extent that such Investor, such Sponsor, or the Affiliates of an Investor or a Sponsor constitute an Affiliate of Holdings, the Issuer or their respective Subsidiaries.

Agents” means, collectively, the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, any Registrar, co-registrar, Paying Agent, additional paying agent and Calculation Agent.

Applicable Premium” means, with respect to any Note being redeemed on any Redemption Date, the greater of:

(1) 1.0% of the principal amount of such Note; and

(2) the excess, if any, of (a) the present value at such Redemption Date of (i) the redemption price of such Note at December 13, 2020 (such redemption price being set forth in Section 3.07(b) hereof), plus (ii) all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through December 13, 2020 (excluding accrued but unpaid interest to the Redemption Date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate as of such Redemption Date plus 50 basis points; over (b) the then outstanding principal amount of such Note.

The Issuer shall calculate or cause to be calculated the Applicable Premium and the Trustee shall have no duty to calculate or verify the Issuer’s calculation of the Applicable Premium.

Applicable Procedures” means, with respect to any selection of Notes, transfer or exchange of or for beneficial interests in any Global Note, the rules and procedures of the Depositary, Euroclear and/or Clearstream that apply to such selection, transfer or exchange.

Attorney Costs” means and includes all reasonable, documented and invoiced fees, expenses and disbursements of any law firm or other external legal counsel.

Audited Financial Statements” means the audited consolidated balance sheets of the Issuer as of December 31, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity and consolidated statements of cash flow of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, including the notes thereto.

 

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Available Amount” means, as of any date of determination, a cumulative amount equal to (without duplication):

(a) the greater of (x) $96,000,000 and (y) 25% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such date (such amount, the “Starter Basket”), plus

(b) the sum of an amount (which amount shall not be less than zero) equal to the greater of (A) 50% of Consolidated Net Income of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries for the period (treated as one accounting period) from October 1, 2019 to the end of the most recently ended Test Period as of such date and (B) the sum of Excess Cash Flow (but not less than zero in any period) for the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2020 and Excess Cash Flow for each succeeding completed fiscal year as of such date, in each case, that would not be required to prepay Term Loans pursuant to Section 2.11(d) of the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date (regardless of whether such provision is then in effect), plus

(c) [reserved]

(d) Investments of the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in any Unrestricted Subsidiary made using the Available Amount that has been re-designated as a Restricted Subsidiary or that has been merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiary (up to the lesser of (i) the Fair Market Value determined in good faith by the Issuer of the Investments of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries in such Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time of such re-designation or merger or consolidation and (ii) the Fair Market Value determined in good faith by the Issuer of the original Investment by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries in such Unrestricted Subsidiary), plus

(e) the Net Proceeds of a sale or other Disposition of any Unrestricted Subsidiary (including the issuance of stock of an Unrestricted Subsidiary) received by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, plus

(f) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, dividends or other distributions or returns on capital received by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary from an Unrestricted Subsidiary, plus

(g) an amount equal to the aggregate amount of any Retained Declined Proceeds since the Issue Date.

Available Equity Amount” means a cumulative amount equal to (without duplication):

(a) the Net Proceeds of new public or private issuances of Qualified Equity Interests (excluding Qualified Equity Interests the proceeds of which will be applied to cure any default under any “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant under the Credit Agreement) in Holdings or any parent of Holdings which are contributed to the Issuer, plus

(b) capital contributions received by the Issuer after the Issue Date in cash or Permitted Investments (other than in respect of any Disqualified Equity Interest), plus

(c) the net cash proceeds received by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary from Indebtedness and Disqualified Equity Interest issuances issued after the Issue Date and which have been exchanged or converted into Qualified Equity Interests, plus

(d) returns, profits, distributions and similar amounts received in cash or Permitted Investments by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary on Investments made using the Available Equity Amount (not to exceed the amount of such Investments).

 

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Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

Bankruptcy Law” means the Bankruptcy Code and all other liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief laws of the United States or other applicable jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) from time to time in effect and affecting the rights of creditors generally.

Beneficial Owner” has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act. The terms “Beneficially Own,” “Beneficially Owns,” “Beneficially Owned” and “Beneficial Ownership” have corresponding meanings.

Beneficial Ownership Regulaton” means 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230.

Board of Directors” means, with respect to any Person, (a) in the case of any corporation, the board of directors of such Person or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board, (b) in the case of any limited liability company, the board of managers, board of directors, manager or managing member of such Person or the functional equivalent of the foregoing or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board, manager or managing member, (c) in the case of any partnership, the board of directors or board of managers of the general partner of such Person and (d) in any other case, the functional equivalent of the foregoing.

Board of Governors” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States of America.

Business Day” means any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York City are authorized or required by Requirements of Law to remain closed; provided that when used in connection with the determination of the Applicable Rate on the applicable Determination Date, the term Business Day shall also exclude any day on which banks are not open for dealings in Dollar deposits in the London interbank market.

Canadian Dollars” means the lawful money of Canada.

Capital Lease Obligations” of any Person means the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under any lease of (or other arrangement conveying the right to use) real or personal property, or a combination thereof, which obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as capital leases on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP, and the amount of such obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof determined in accordance with GAAP; provided that all leases of such Person that are or would have been treated as operating leases for purposes of GAAP prior to the issuance on February 25, 2016 of the Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “ASU”) shall continue to be accounted for as operating leases for purposes of all financial definitions and calculations for purposes of the Notes Documents (whether or not such operating lease obligations were in effect on such date) notwithstanding the fact that such obligations are required in accordance with the ASU (on a prospective or retroactive basis or otherwise) to be treated as capitalized lease obligations in the financial statements to be delivered pursuant to the Notes Documents.

Capitalized Leases” means all leases that have been or should be, in accordance with GAAP as in effect on the Issue Date, recorded as capitalized leases; provided that for all purposes hereunder the amount of obligations under any Capitalized Lease shall be the amount thereof accounted for as a liability in accordance with GAAP.

 

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Capitalized Software Expenditures” means, for any period, the aggregate of all expenditures (whether paid in cash or accrued as liabilities) by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period in respect of purchased software or internally developed software and software enhancements that, in conformity with GAAP, are or are required to be reflected as capitalized costs on the consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries.

Cash Management Obligations” means (a) obligations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary in respect of any overdraft and related liabilities arising from treasury, depository, cash pooling arrangements and cash management services or any automated clearing house transfers of funds and (b) other obligations in respect of netting services, employee credit or purchase card programs and similar arrangements.

Casualty Event” means any event that gives rise to the receipt by the Issuer or any Subsidiary of any insurance proceeds or condemnation awards in an amount in excess of $20,000,000 in respect of any equipment, fixed assets or real property (including any improvements thereon) to replace or repair such equipment, fixed assets or real property.

CFC” means a “controlled foreign corporation” within the meaning of Sections 956 and 957 of the Code.

Change of Control” means (a) the failure of Holdings prior to an IPO, or, after the IPO, the IPO Entity, directly or indirectly through wholly owned subsidiaries, to own all of the Equity Interests of the Issuer, (b) prior to an IPO, the failure by the Permitted Holders to own, directly or indirectly through one or more holding company parents of Holdings, beneficially and of record, Equity Interests in Holdings representing at least a majority of the aggregate ordinary voting power for the election of members of the Board of Directors of Holdings represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in Holdings, unless the Permitted Holders otherwise have the right (pursuant to contract, proxy, ownership of Equity Interests or otherwise), directly or indirectly, to designate, nominate or appoint (and do so designate, nominate or appoint) a majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings, (c) after an IPO, the acquisition of ownership, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record, by any Person or group, other than the Permitted Holders (directly or indirectly, including through one or more holding companies), of Equity Interests representing 40% or more of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in the IPO Entity and the percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power so held is greater than the percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the Equity Interests in the IPO Entity held by the Permitted Holders, unless the Permitted Holders (directly or indirectly, including through one or more holding companies) otherwise have the right (pursuant to contract, proxy or otherwise), directly or indirectly, to designate, nominate or appoint (and do so designate, nominate or appoint) a majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings or the IPO Entity (d) the occurrence of a “Change of Control” (or similar event, however denominated) as defined in the Credit Agreement unless such debt is repaid or commitments terminated (as applicable) substantially simultaneously with the occurrence of such “Change of Control” under such documentation in a manner not prohibited hereunder or (e) the occurrence of a “Change of Control” (or similar event, however denominated), as defined in the documentation governing any Junior Financing that is Material Indebtedness, unless such Junior Financing is repaid substantially simultaneously with the occurrence of such “Change of Control” under such documentation in a manner permitted hereunder. For the avoidance of doubt, in no event shall a Permitted Change of Control be classified as a Change of Control.

For purposes of this definition, (i) “beneficial ownership” shall be as defined in Rules 13(d)-3 and 13(d)-5 under the Exchange Act, (ii) the phrase Person or “group” is within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act, but excluding any employee benefit plan of such Person or

 

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“group” and its subsidiaries and any Person acting in its capacity as trustee, agent or other fiduciary or administrator of any such plan, and (iii) if any Person or “group” includes one or more Permitted Holders, the issued and outstanding Equity Interests of Holdings, the IPO Entity or the Issuer, as applicable, directly or indirectly owned by the Permitted Holders that are part of such Person or “group” shall not be treated as being owned by such Person or “group” for purposes of determining whether clause (c) of this definition is triggered.

Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking, Société Anonyme.

Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

Collateral” means any and all assets, whether real or personal, tangible or intangible, on which Liens are purported to be granted pursuant to the Security Documents as security for the Notes Obligations.

Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” means, at any time, the requirement that:

(a) the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have received from (i) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries (other than any Excluded Subsidiary) either (x) a counterpart signature to this Indenture duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person or (y) in the case of any Person that becomes a Note Party after the Issue Date (including by ceasing to be an Excluded Subsidiary), a supplement to this Indenture, in substantially the form of Exhibit E, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person and (ii) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and each Subsidiary Note Party either (x) a counterpart of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person or (y) in the case of any Person that becomes a Subsidiary Note Party after the Issue Date (including by ceasing to be an Excluded Subsidiary), a supplement to the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, in substantially the form specified therein, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person, in each case under this clause (a) together with, in the case of any such Notes Documents executed and delivered after the Issue Date, to the extent reasonably requested by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders), opinions and documents of the type referred to in Section 3.1 of the Note Purchase Agreement;

(b) all outstanding Equity Interests of the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent and each Restricted Subsidiary (other than any Equity Interests constituting Excluded Assets) owned by or on behalf of any Note Party, shall have been pledged pursuant to the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (or the First Lien Collateral Agent as its bailee in accordance with the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement prior to the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations) shall have received certificates, if any, representing all such Equity Interests to the extent constituting “certificated securities”, together with undated stock powers or other instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank;

(c) if any Indebtedness for borrowed money of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary in a principal amount of $20,000,000 or more is owing by such obligor to any Note Party and such Indebtedness shall be evidenced by a promissory note, such promissory note shall be pledged pursuant to the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (or the First Lien Collateral Agent as its bailee in accordance with the First/Second

 

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Lien Intercreditor Agreement) shall have received all such promissory notes, together with undated instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank; provided, however, that the foregoing delivery requirement with respect to any intercompany indebtedness may be satisfied by delivery of an omnibus or global intercompany note executed by all Note Parties as payees and all such obligors as payors;

(d) all certificates, agreements, documents and instruments, including Uniform Commercial Code financing statements and Intellectual Property Security Agreements with respect to any Trademarks, Patents and Copyrights that are registered, issued or applied-for in the United States and that constitute Collateral, for the filing with the United States Patent or Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office to the extent required by this Indenture, the Security Documents, Requirements of Law and as reasonably requested by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) to be filed, delivered, registered or recorded to create the Liens intended to be created by the Security Documents and perfect such Liens to the extent required by, and with the priority required by, this Indenture, the Security Documents and the other provisions of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” shall have been filed, registered or recorded or delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) for filing, registration or recording; and

(e) the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have received (i) counterparts of a Mortgage with respect to each Material Real Property duly executed and delivered by the record owner of such Mortgaged Property (if the Mortgaged Property is in a jurisdiction that imposes a mortgage recording or similar tax on the amount secured by such Mortgage, then the amount secured by such Mortgage shall be limited to the Fair Market Value of such Mortgaged Property, as reasonably determined by Holdings), (ii) a policy or policies of title insurance (or marked unconditional commitment to issue such policy or policies) issued by a nationally recognized title insurance company insuring the Lien of each such Mortgage as a first priority Lien on the Mortgaged Property described therein, free of any other Liens except as expressly permitted by Section 5.02, together with such customary endorsements (other than a creditor’s rights endorsement) as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) may reasonably request to the extent available in the applicable jurisdiction at commercially reasonable rates (it being agreed that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) shall accept zoning reports from a nationally recognized zoning company in lieu of zoning endorsements to such title insurance policies), in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of such Mortgaged Property or as otherwise reasonably agreed by the parties; provided that in no event will the Issuer be required to obtain independent appraisals of such Mortgaged Properties, unless required by FIRREA, (iii) a completed “Life-of-Loan” Federal Emergency Management Agency standard flood hazard determination with respect to each Mortgaged Property on a “Building” as defined in

 

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12 CFR Chapter III, Section 339.2) is located, and if any Mortgaged Property on which a “Building” (as defined in 12 CFR Chapter III, Section 339.2) is located in an area determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (or any successor agency) to be located in a special flood hazard area, a duly executed notice about special flood hazard area status and flood disaster assistance and evidence of such flood insurance as provided in Section 4.09(b), (iv) in each case if reasonably requested by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders), a customary legal opinion with respect to each such Mortgage, from counsel qualified to opine in each jurisdiction (i) where a Mortgaged Property is located regarding the enforceability of the Mortgage and (ii) where the applicable Note Party granting the Mortgage on said Mortgaged Property is organized, regarding the due authorization, execution and delivery of such Mortgage, and in each case, such other customary matters as may be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders), (v) a survey or existing survey together with a no change affidavit of such Mortgaged Property, in compliance with the 2011 Minimum Standard Detail Requirements for ALTA/ACSM Land Title Surveys and otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders), and (vi) evidence of payment of title insurance premiums and expenses and all recording, mortgage, transfer and stamp taxes and fees payable in connection with recording the Mortgage, any amendments thereto and any fixture filings in appropriate county land office(s).

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this definition or anything in this Indenture or any other Notes Document to the contrary, (a) the foregoing provisions of this definition shall not require the creation or perfection of pledges of or security interests in, or the obtaining of title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables with respect to, particular assets of the Note Parties, or the provision of Guarantees by any Subsidiary, if, and for so long as, pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Credit Agreement Agent has reasonably agreed in writing that the cost, burden, difficulty or consequence of creating or perfecting such pledges or security interests in such assets, or obtaining such title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables in respect of such assets, or providing such Guarantees (taking into account any adverse tax consequences to Holdings and its Affiliates (including the imposition of withholding or other material taxes)), is excessive in relation to the benefits to be obtained by the Lenders (as defined in the Credit Agreement) under the Credit Agreement; (b) Liens required to be granted from time to time pursuant to the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” shall be subject to exceptions and limitations set forth in this Indenture and the Security Documents; (c) in no event shall control agreements or other control or similar arrangements be required with respect to cash, Permitted Investments, other deposit accounts, securities and commodities accounts (including securities entitlements and related assets), letter of credit rights or other assets requiring perfection by control (but not, for avoidance of doubt, possession); (d) in no event shall any Note Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to the perfection of security interests in any jurisdiction outside of a Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, in any jurisdiction outside the United States), and no actions in any non-Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, in any jurisdiction outside the United States) or required by the laws of any non-Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, by the laws of any jurisdiction outside the United States) shall be required to be taken to create any security interests in assets located or

 

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titled outside of any Covered Jurisdiction (including in any Equity Interests of Subsidiaries organized outside of a Covered Jurisdiction), or in any Intellectual Property governed by, arising, existing, registered or applied for under the laws of any jurisdiction other than the United States of America, any State or to perfect or make enforceable any security interests in any such assets (it being understood that there shall be no security agreements or pledge agreements governed under the laws of any non-U.S. jurisdiction); (e) in no event shall any Note Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to perfection of security interests in assets subject to certificates of title beyond the filing of UCC financing statements; (f) other than the filing of UCC financing statements, no perfection shall be required with respect to promissory notes evidencing debt for borrowed money in a principal amount of less than $20,000,000; (g) in no event shall any Note Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to security interests in Intellectual Property beyond the filing of Intellectual Property Security Agreements with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office; (h) no actions shall be required to perfect a security interest in letter of credit rights (other than the filing of UCC financing statements); and (i) in no event shall the Collateral include any Excluded Assets. Subject to Section 4.14, the Controlling Party may grant extensions of time for the creation and perfection of security interests in or the obtaining of title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables with respect to particular assets or the provision of any Guarantee by any Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent (including extensions beyond the Issue Date or in connection with assets acquired, or Subsidiaries formed or acquired, after the Issue Date) and any other obligations under this definition where it determines that such action cannot be accomplished without undue effort or expense by the time or times at which it would otherwise be required to be accomplished by this Indenture (including as set forth on Schedule 4.14) or the Security Documents.

Consolidated EBITDA” means, for any period, Consolidated Net Income for such period, plus:

(a) without duplication and to the extent already deducted (and not added back) in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of the following amounts for such period:

(i) total interest expense and, to the extent not reflected in such total interest expense, the sum of (A) premium payments, debt discount, fees, charges and related expenses incurred in connection with borrowed money (including capitalized interest) or in connection with the deferred purchase price of assets plus (B) the portion of rent expense with respect to such period under Capitalized Leases that is treated as interest expense in accordance with GAAP plus (C) the implied interest component of synthetic leases with respect to such period plus (D) any losses on hedging obligations or other derivative instruments entered into for the purpose of hedging interest rate risk, net of interest income and gains on such hedging obligations or such derivative instruments plus (E) bank and letter of credit fees and costs of surety bonds in connection with financing activities, plus (F) any commissions, discounts, yield and other fees and charges (including any interest expense) related to any Qualified Securitization Facility;

(ii) provision for taxes based on income, profits or capital and sales taxes, including federal, provincial, territorial, foreign, state, local, franchise, excise, and similar taxes and foreign withholding taxes paid or accrued during such period (including in respect of repatriated funds) including penalties and interest related to such taxes or arising from any tax examinations (including, without limitation, any additions to such taxes, and any penalties and interest with respect thereto);

(iii) Non-Cash Charges;

 

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(iv) operating expenses incurred on or prior to the Issue Date attributable to (A) salary obligations paid to employees terminated prior to the Issue Date and (B) wages paid to executives in excess of the amounts the Issuer and its Subsidiaries are required to pay pursuant to any employment agreements;

(v) extraordinary losses or charges;

(vi) unusual, non-recurring or exceptional expenses, losses or charges (including any unusual, non-recurring or exceptional operating expenses, losses or charges directly attributable to the implementation of cost savings initiatives), severance, relocation costs, integration and facilities’ opening costs and other business optimization expenses and operating improvements (including related to new product introductions), recruiting fees, signing costs, retention or completion bonuses, transition costs, costs related to closure/consolidation of facilities, internal costs in respect of strategic initiatives and curtailments or modifications to pension and post-retirement employee benefit plans (including any settlement of pension liabilities), contract terminations and professional and consulting fees incurred in connection with any of the foregoing;

(vii) restructuring charges, accruals or reserves (including restructuring and integration costs related to acquisitions and adjustments to existing reserves), whether or not classified as restructuring expense on the consolidated financial statements;

(viii) the amount of any non-controlling interest consisting of income attributable to non-controlling interests of third parties in any Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary deducted (and not added back in such period) in calculating Consolidated Net Income;

(ix) (A) the amount of board of directors, management, monitoring, consulting and advisory fees, indemnities and related expenses paid or accrued in such period (including any termination fees payable in connection with the early termination of management and monitoring agreements) and (B) the amount of expenses relating to payments made to option holders of Holdings or any of its direct or indirect parent companies in connection with, or as a result of, any distribution being made to shareholders of such Person or its direct or indirect parent companies, which payments are being made to compensate such option holders as though they were shareholders at the time of, and entitled to share in, such distribution, in each case to the extent permitted by the Notes Documents;

(x) losses on asset sales, disposals or abandonments (other than asset sales, disposals or abandonments in the ordinary course of business);

(xi) losses, expenses or charges (including all fees and expenses or charges relating thereto) (A) from abandoned, closed, disposed or discontinued operations and any losses on disposal of abandoned , closed or discontinued operations and (B) attributable to business dispositions or asset dispositions (other than in the ordinary course of business) as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer;

(xii) any non-cash loss attributable to the mark to market movement in the valuation of any Equity Interests, and hedging obligations or other derivative instruments (in each case, including pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging but only to the extent the cash impact resulting from such loss has not been realized);

 

11


(xiii) any loss relating to amounts paid in cash prior to the stated settlement date of any hedging obligation that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income for such period;

(xiv) any gain relating to hedging obligations associated with transactions realized in the current period that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in prior periods and excluded from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (c)(iv) and (c)(v) below;

(xv) any costs or expenses incurred by Holdings, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to any management equity plan or stock option plan or any other management or employee benefit plan or agreement, any severance agreement or any stock subscription or shareholder agreement, to the extent that such costs or expenses are non-cash or otherwise funded with cash proceeds contributed to the capital of Holdings or Net Proceeds of an issuance of Equity Interests of Holdings (other than Disqualified Equity Interests);

(xvi) any net pension or other post-employment benefit costs representing amortization of unrecognized prior service costs, actuarial losses, including amortization of such amounts arising in prior periods, amortization of the unrecognized net obligation (and loss or cost) existing at the date of initial application of FASB Accounting Standards Codification 715, and any other items of a similar nature;

(xvii) any other add-backs and adjustments specified in the Model;

(xviii) adjustments, exclusions and add-backs consistent with Regulation S-X or contained in a quality of earnings report in connection with a Permitted Acquisition or Investment made available to each Account conducted by financial advisors (which are either nationally recognized or reasonably acceptable to the Credit Agreement Agent (it being understood and agreed that any of the “Big Four” accounting firms are acceptable));

(xix) the amount of losses on Dispositions of accounts receivable, Securitization Assets and related assets incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility;

(xx) charges, losses, lost profits, expenses (including litigation expenses, fees and charges) or write-offs to the extent indemnified or insured by a third party, including expenses or losses covered by indemnification provisions or by any insurance provider in connection with the Transactions, a Permitted Acquisition or any other acquisition or Investment, disposition or any Casualty Event, in each case, to the extent that coverage has not been denied and so long as such amounts are actually reimbursed in cash within one year after the related amount is first added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xix) (and if not so reimbursed within one year, such amount shall be deducted from Consolidated EBITDA for the first fiscal quarter ending after the end of such year); and

(xxi) Public Company Costs;

plus

 

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(b) without duplication, (i) the amount of “run rate” cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies related to any Specified Transaction, the Transactions, any restructuring, cost saving initiative or other initiative projected by the Issuer in good faith to be realized as a result of actions taken, committed to be taken or planned to be taken, in each case on or prior to the date that is 24 months after the end of the relevant Test Period (including actions initiated prior to the Issue Date) (which cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies shall be added to Consolidated EBITDA until fully realized and calculated on a pro forma basis as though such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies had been realized on the first day of the relevant period), net of the amount of actual benefits realized from such actions; provided that (A) such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies are reasonably identifiable and quantifiable and (B) no cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements or synergies shall be added pursuant to this clause (b) to the extent duplicative of any expenses or charges relating to such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements or synergies that are included in clauses (a)(vi) and (a)(vii) above or in the definition of “Pro Forma Adjustment” (it being understood and agreed that “run rate” shall mean the full recurring benefit that is associated with any action taken);

less

(c) without duplication and to the extent included in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of the following amounts for such period:

(i) extraordinary gains and unusual or non-recurring gains (other than gains arising from the receipt of business interruption insurance proceeds);

(ii) non-cash gains (excluding any non-cash gain to the extent it represents the reversal of an accrual or reserve for a potential cash item that reduced Consolidated Net Income or Consolidated EBITDA in any prior period);

(iii) gains on asset sales, disposals or abandonments (other than asset sales, disposals or abandonments in the ordinary course of business);

(iv) any non-cash gain attributable to the mark to market movement in the valuation of any Equity Interests, and hedging obligations or other derivative instruments (in each case, including pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging but only to the extent the cash impact resulting from such gain has not been realized);

(v) any gain relating to amounts received in cash prior to the stated settlement date of any hedging obligation that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in such period;

(vi) any loss relating to hedging obligations associated with transactions realized in the current period that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in prior periods and excluded from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (a)(xii) and (a)(xiii) above; and

(vii) the amount of any non-controlling interest consisting of loss attributable to non-controlling interests of third parties in any Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary added (and not deducted in such period) to Consolidated Net Income; plus

 

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(d) any income from investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting, without duplication and to the extent not included in arriving at Consolidated Net Income, except to the extent such income was attributable to income that would be deducted pursuant to clause (c) if it were income of the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; minus

(e) any losses from investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting, without duplication and to the extent not deducted in arriving at Consolidated Net Income, except to the extent such loss was attributable to losses that would be added back pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above if it were a loss of the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; plus

(f) an amount, with respect to investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting and without duplication of any amounts added pursuant to clause (d) above, equal to the amount attributable to each such investment that would be added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above if instead attributable to the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary, pro-rated according to the Issuer’s or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary’s percentage ownership in such investment; minus

(g) an amount, with respect to investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting and without duplication of any amounts deducted pursuant to clause (e) above, equal to the amount attributable to each such investment that would be deducted from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clause (c) above if instead attributable to the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary, pro-rated according to the Issuer’s or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary’s percentage ownership in such investment;

in each case, as determined on a consolidated basis for the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP; provided that:

(I) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA currency translation gains and losses related to currency remeasurements of assets or liabilities (including the net loss or gain resulting from hedging agreements for currency exchange risk and revaluations of intercompany balances),

(II) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period any adjustments resulting from the application of Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging,

(III) there shall be included in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period, without duplication, (A) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, the Acquired EBITDA of any Person, property, business or asset or attributable to any Person, property, business or asset acquired by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary during such period (other than any Unrestricted Subsidiary) to the extent not subsequently sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of (but not including the Acquired EBITDA of any related Person, property, business or assets to the extent not so acquired) (each such Person, property, business or asset acquired, including pursuant to the Transactions or pursuant to a transaction consummated prior to the Issue Date, and not

 

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subsequently so disposed of, an “Acquired Entity or Business”), and the Acquired EBITDA of any Unrestricted Subsidiary that is converted into a Restricted Subsidiary during such period (each, a “Converted Restricted Subsidiary”), in each case based on the Acquired EBITDA of such Pro Forma Entity for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such acquisition or conversion) determined on a historical Pro Forma Basis and (B) an adjustment in respect of each Pro Forma Entity equal to the amount of the Pro Forma Adjustment with respect to such Pro Forma Entity for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such acquisition or conversion) as specified in the Pro Forma Adjustment certificate delivered to the Trustee and the Holders;

(IV) there shall be (A) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period the Disposed EBITDA of any Person, property, business or asset (other than any Unrestricted Subsidiary) sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, closed or classified as discontinued operations in accordance with GAAP (other than (x) if so classified on the basis that it is being held for sale unless such sale has actually occurred during such period and (y) for periods prior to the applicable sale, transfer or other disposition, if the Disposed EBITDA of such Person, property, business or asset is positive (i.e., if such Disposed EBITDA is negative, it shall be added back in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period)) by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary during such period (each such Person, property, business or asset so sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, closed or classified, a “Sold Entity or Business”), and the Disposed EBITDA of any Restricted Subsidiary that is converted into an Unrestricted Subsidiary during such period (each, a “Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary”), in each case based on the Disposed EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such sale, transfer, disposition, closure, classification or conversion) determined on a historical Pro Forma Basis and (B) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, included in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period in which a Sold Entity or Business is disposed, an adjustment equal to the Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment with respect to such Sold Entity or Business (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such disposal) as specified in the Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment certificate delivered to the Trustee and the Holders; and

(V) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA any expense (or income) as a result of adjustments recorded to contingent consideration liabilities relating to the Transaction or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited under this Indenture).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Consolidated EBITDA shall be deemed to equal (a) $94,434,000 for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019, (b) $89,137,000 for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2019, (c) $103,037,000 for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2019 and (d) $97,661,000 for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2018 (it being understood that such amounts are subject to adjustments, as and to the extent otherwise contemplated in this Indenture, in connection with any Pro Forma Adjustment or any calculation on a Pro Forma Basis); provided that such amounts of Consolidated EBITDA for any such fiscal quarter may be further increased to include, without duplication, any adjustments that would otherwise be included pursuant to clause (b) of this definition.

Consolidated Net Income” means, for any period, the net income (loss) of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, excluding, without duplication,

(a) extraordinary items for such period,

 

15


(b) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles during such period,

(c) any Transaction Costs incurred during such period,

(d) any fees and expenses (including any transaction or retention bonus or similar payment) incurred during such period, or any amortization thereof for such period, in connection with any acquisition, Permitted Change of Control, non-recurring costs to acquire equipment to the extent not capitalized in accordance with GAAP, Investment, recapitalization, asset disposition, non-competition agreement, issuance or repayment of debt, issuance of equity securities, refinancing transaction or amendment or other modification of or waiver or consent relating to any debt instrument (in each case, including the Transaction Costs and any such transaction consummated prior to the Issue Date and any such transaction undertaken but not completed) and any charges or non-recurring merger or amalgamation costs incurred during such period as a result of any such transaction, in each case whether or not successful (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the effects of expensing all transaction-related expenses in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification 805 and gains or losses associated with FASB Accounting Standards Codification 460),

(e) any income (loss) for such period attributable to the early extinguishment of Indebtedness, hedging agreements or other derivative instruments,

(f) accruals and reserves that are established or adjusted as a result of the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited under this Indenture in accordance with GAAP (including any adjustment of estimated payouts on earn-outs) or changes as a result of the adoption or modification of accounting policies during such period,

(g) stock-based award compensation expenses,

(h) any income (loss) attributable to deferred compensation plans or trusts,

(i) any income (loss) from Investments recorded using the equity method, and

(j) the amount of any expense required to be recorded as compensation expense related to contingent transaction consideration.

There shall be included in Consolidated Net Income, without duplication, the amount of any cash tax benefits related to the tax amortization of intangible assets in such period. There shall be excluded from Consolidated Net Income for any period the effects from applying acquisition method accounting, including applying acquisition method accounting to inventory, property and equipment, loans and leases, software and other intangible assets and deferred revenue (including deferred costs related thereto) required or permitted by GAAP and related authoritative pronouncements (including the effects of such adjustments pushed down to the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries), as a result of the Transactions, any acquisition or Investment consummated prior to the Issue Date and any Permitted Acquisitions or Permitted Change of Control (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder) or the amortization or write-off of any amounts thereof.

In addition, to the extent not already included in Consolidated Net Income, Consolidated Net Income shall include the amount of proceeds received or due from business interruption insurance or reimbursement of expenses and charges pursuant to indemnification and other reimbursement provisions in connection with any acquisition or other Investment or any disposition of any asset permitted hereunder.

 

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Consolidated Senior Secured First Lien Net Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date that is secured by a Lien on any asset of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries that is not expressly subordinated to Liens on any asset of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries securing the Credit Agreement Obligations (including, for avoidance of doubt, the Credit Agreement Obligations), determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the acquisition method accounting in connection with the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition or Permitted Change of Control (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder) consisting only of Senior Secured First Lien Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including cash and Permitted Investments restricted in favor of the Notes Obligations (which may also secure other Indebtedness secured by a senior, pari passu or junior lien on the Collateral along with the Notes Obligations).

Consolidated Senior Secured Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date that is secured by a Lien on any asset of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries that is not expressly subordinated to Liens on any asset of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries securing the Notes Obligations (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Credit Agreement Obligations and the Notes Obligations), determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the acquisition method accounting in connection with the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder)) and consisting only of such Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including, notwithstanding the foregoing, cash and Permitted Investments so restricted by virtue of being subject to any Permitted Lien or to any Lien permitted under Section 6.02 that secures the Notes Obligations (which Lien may also secure other Indebtedness secured on a senior, pari passu basis with, or a junior lien basis to, the Notes Obligations).

Consolidated Total Net Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the acquisition method accounting in connection with the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition or any Permitted Change of Control (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder)) consisting only of Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including cash and Permitted Investments restricted in favor of the Notes Obligations (which may also secure other Indebtedness secured by a senior, pari passu or junior lien on the Collateral along with the Notes Obligations).

 

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Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies, or the dismissal or appointment of the management, of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.

Controlling Party” means (a) prior to the Disposition Date, the Account or Accounts who together with their Account Parties hold (in the aggregate) at least the Required Amount; provided, that, in the event any one Account together with its Account Parties holds more than the Required Amount, “Controlling Party” shall include at least two (2) Accounts (to the extent Account Parties affiliated with more than one Account are Beneficial Owners of the Notes at such time) and (b) from and after the Disposition Date, the Required Holders.

Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” shall be at the address of the Trustee specified in Section 13.01 hereof or such other address as to which the Trustee may give notice to the Holders and the Issuer.

Copyright” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement.

Covered Jurisdiction” means each of (a) the United States (or any state, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia) and (b) any other jurisdiction as agreed in writing by the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) and the Issuer.

Credit Agreement” means the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 among Sotera Health Topco, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the lenders and issuing banks party thereto and Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent (the “Initial Credit Agreement Agent”) as the same may be amended, supplemented, extended, renewed, restated, refunded, restructured, replaced, refinanced, substituted or otherwise modified from time to time, including any agreement or instrument that replaces, refunds, refinances or substitutes any of the foregoing (but excluding the ABL Credit Agreement, if any).

Credit Agreement Agent” means the Initial Credit Agreement Agent and/or any Person that acts as the trustee, administrative agent, collateral agent, security agent or similar agent in respect of the Credit Agreement.

Credit Agreement Declined Proceeds” means the proceeds tendered for prepayment but declined by the applicable Term Lender (as defined in the Credit Agreement) pursuant to Section 2.11(e) of the Credit Agreement.

Credit Agreement Obligations” means the “First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations” as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

 

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Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness” means Indebtedness issued, incurred or otherwise obtained by the Issuer (including by means of the extension or renewal of existing Indebtedness) in exchange for, or to extend, renew, replace or refinance, in whole or part, existing Term Loans, or Revolving Loans (or unused Revolving Commitments) (“Refinanced Debt”); provided that such exchanging, extending, renewing, replacing or refinancing Indebtedness (a) is in an original aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate principal amount of the Refinanced Debt (plus any premium, accrued interest and fees and expenses incurred in connection with such exchange, extension, renewal, replacement or refinancing), (b)(i) does not mature earlier than or, except in the case of Revolving Commitments, have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity shorter than the remaining term of the Refinanced Debt and (ii) if such Indebtedness is unsecured or secured by the Collateral on a junior lien basis to the Notes Obligations, does not mature or have scheduled amortization or payments of principal prior to the maturity date of the Refinanced Debt (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Refinanced Debt), (c) shall not be guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party, (d) in the case of any secured Indebtedness, such Indebtedness (i) is not secured by any assets not securing the Notes Obligations and (ii) if not comprising Other First Lien Term Loans or Other Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement that are secured on a senior basis to the Notes Obligations, subject to the relevant Intercreditor Agreement(s) and (e) has covenants and events of default (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) that are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the covenants and events of default of this Indenture (when taken as a whole) are to the Holders (unless (x) such covenants or other provisions are applicable only to periods after the maturity date of the Refinanced Debt at the time of such refinancing or (y) the Holders under the Initial Notes also receive the benefit of such more favorable covenants and events of default (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required by the Controlling Party if such covenant, event of default or guarantee is (i) also added or modified for the benefit of any Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of such Indebtedness, (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility under the Credit Agreement) and/or (iii) only applicable after the Final Maturity Date at the time of such refinancing); provided, however, that the conditions in clauses (b) and (e) above shall not apply to any ABL Facility. For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, in the case of any Indebtedness incurred to modify, refinance, refunding, extend, renew or replace Indebtedness initially incurred in reliance on and measured by reference to a percentage of Consolidated EBITDA at the time of incurrence, and such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement would cause the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA to be exceeded if calculated based on the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA on the date of such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement, such percentage of Consolidated EBITDA restriction shall not be deemed to be exceeded so long as such incurrence otherwise constitutes “Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness”.

Credit Agreement Secured Parties” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

Custodian” means the Trustee, as custodian for the Depositary with respect to the Notes in global form, or any successor entity thereto.

 

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Customary Intercreditor Agreement” means (a) to the extent executed in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness secured by Liens on the Collateral which are intended to rank senior in priority to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations, at the option of the Issuer, either (i) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement (with such modifications as may be necessary or appropriate in light of prevailing market conditions) or (ii) a customary intercreditor agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, which agreement shall provide that the Liens on the Collateral securing such Indebtedness shall rank senior in priority to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations and (b) to the extent executed in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness secured by Liens on the Collateral which are intended to rank equal to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations, at the option of the Issuer, either (i) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement (with such modifications as may be necessary or appropriate in light of prevailing market conditions) or (ii) a customary intercreditor agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (acting at the direction of Controlling Party) and the Issuer, which agreement shall provide that the Liens on the Collateral securing such Indebtedness shall rank equal to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations and (c) to the extent executed in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness secured by Liens on the Collateral which are intended to rank junior to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations, at the option of the Issuer, either (i) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the Third Lien Intercreditor Agreement (with such modifications as may be necessary or appropriate in light of prevailing market conditions and reasonably acceptable to the Second Notes Collateral Agent) or (ii) a customary intercreditor agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Issuer, which agreement shall provide that the Liens on the Collateral securing such Indebtedness shall rank junior to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations. With regard to any changes in light of prevailing market conditions as set forth above in clauses (a)(i) or (b)(i) or with regard to clauses (a)(ii) or (b)(ii), such changes or agreement, as applicable, shall be posted to the Holders not less than five (5) Business Days before execution thereof and, if the Controlling Party shall not have objected to such changes within three (3) Business Days after posting, then the Controlling Party shall be deemed to have agreed that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s entry into such intercreditor agreement (including with such changes) is reasonable and to have consented to such intercreditor agreement (including with such changes) and to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s execution thereof. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have no liability to any Note Party, any Holder or any other Person for entry into any Intercreditor Agreement in reliance on an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer.

Default” means any event or condition that constitutes an Event of Default or that upon notice, lapse of time or both would, unless cured or waived, become an Event of Default.

Definitive Note” means a certificated Note registered in the name of the Holder thereof and issued in accordance with Section 2.06(c) hereof, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto except that such Note shall not bear the Global Note Legend and shall not have the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto.

Depositary” means, with respect to the Notes issuable or issued in whole or in part in global form, the Person specified in Section 2.03 hereof as the Depositary with respect to the Notes, and any and all successors thereto appointed as Depositary hereunder and having become such pursuant to the applicable provision of this Indenture.

Designated Non-Cash Consideration” means the fair market value of non-cash consideration received by the Issuer or a Subsidiary in connection with a Disposition pursuant to Section 5.05(k) that is designated as Designated Non-Cash Consideration pursuant to a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer, setting forth the basis of such valuation (which amount will be reduced by the Fair Market Value of the portion of the non-cash consideration converted to cash within 180 days following the consummation of the applicable Disposition).

 

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Discharge” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

Disposed EBITDA” means, with respect to any Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary for any period through (but not after) the date of such disposition, the amount for such period of Consolidated EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary (determined as if references to the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the definition of the term “Consolidated EBITDA” (and in the component financial definitions used therein) were references to such Sold Entity or Business and its subsidiaries or to such Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary and its subsidiaries), all as determined on a consolidated basis for such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Disposition Date” means the first date occurring after the Issue Date on which the Accounts (together with their respective Account Parties in the aggregate) cease to Beneficially Own the Required Amount. Promptly following the Issuer becoming aware of the Disposition Date having occurred, the Issuer shall notify the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Accounts in writing of the occurrence of the Disposition Date (which notice shall be conclusive unless one or more of the Accounts objects to such determination in writing delivered to the Issuer, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent no later than 5 Business Days after such notice from the Issuer); provided, that upon request from the Issuer, the Accounts shall within two (2) Business Days certify to the Issuer their holdings to enable the Issuer to determine whether the Disposition Date may have occurred.

Disqualified Equity Interest” means, with respect to any Person, any Equity Interest in such Person that by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable, either mandatorily or at the option of the holder thereof), or upon the happening of any event or condition:

(a) matures or is mandatorily redeemable (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests), whether pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise;

(b) is convertible or exchangeable, either mandatorily or at the option of the holder thereof, for Indebtedness or Equity Interests (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests); or

(c) is redeemable (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests) or is required to be repurchased by such Person or any of its Affiliates, in whole or in part, at the option of the holder thereof;

in each case, on or prior to the date ninety-one (91) days after the Final Maturity Date; provided, however, that (i) an Equity Interest in any Person that would not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest but for terms thereof giving holders thereof the right to require such Person to redeem or purchase

 

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such Equity Interest upon the occurrence of an “asset sale” or a “change of control” or similar event shall not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest if any such requirement becomes operative only after the Final Maturity Date and (ii) if an Equity Interest in any Person is issued pursuant to any plan for the benefit of employees of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any of its Subsidiaries or by any such plan to such employees, such Equity Interest shall not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest solely because it may be required to be repurchased by Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent company thereof) or any of its Subsidiaries in order to satisfy applicable statutory or regulatory obligations of such Person.

Dollars” or “$” refers to lawful money of the United States of America.

Domestic Foreign Holdco” means any Subsidiary substantially all of whose assets (directly and/or indirectly through one or more Subsidiaries) are capital stock (and, if applicable, debt) of one or more Subsidiaries that are CFCs.

Effective Yield” means, as to any Indebtedness, the effective yield on such Indebtedness in the reasonable determination of the Issuer and consistent with generally accepted financial practices, taking into account the applicable interest rate margins, any interest rate floors (the effect of which floors shall be determined in a manner set forth in the proviso below) or similar devices and all fees, including upfront or similar fees or original issue discount paid with respect to the Initial Notes, initial incurrence of any Class (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of loans or series of Indebtedness, as applicable (amortized over the shorter of (a) the remaining Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such Indebtedness and (b) the four years following the date of incurrence thereof) payable generally to lenders or other institutions providing such Indebtedness, but excluding any arrangement, syndication, commitment, prepayment, structuring, ticking or other similar fees payable in connection therewith that are not generally shared with the relevant Holders and, if applicable, consent fees for an amendment paid generally to consenting Holders and, solely for purposes of determining the effective yield for purposes of Section 2.11(a)(i) of the Credit Agreement, any original issue discount, upfront fees or other fees payable in connection with the Initial Notes issued on the Issue Date; provided that with respect to any Indebtedness that includes a “LIBOR floor” or “Base Rate floor” (as defined in the Credit Agreement), (i) to the extent that the LIBO Rate or Alternate Base Rate (without giving effect to any floors in such definitions), as applicable, on the date that the Effective Yield is being calculated is less than such floor, the amount of such difference shall be deemed added to the interest rate margin for such Indebtedness for the purpose of calculating the Effective Yield and (ii) to the extent that the LIBO Rate or Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) (without giving effect to any floors in such definitions), as applicable, on the date that the Effective Yield is being calculated is greater than such floor, then the floor shall be disregarded in calculating the Effective Yield.

Environmental Laws” means all applicable treaties, rules, regulations, codes, ordinances, judgments, orders, decrees and other applicable Requirements of Law, and all applicable injunctions or binding agreements issued, promulgated or entered into by or with any Governmental Authority, in each instance relating to the protection of the environment, to preservation or reclamation of natural resources, to Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Material or to the extent relating to exposure to Hazardous Materials, to health or safety matters.

Equity Interests” means shares of capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests in a limited liability company, beneficial interests in a trust or other equity ownership interests in a Person.

ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.

 

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ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that, together with any Note Party, is treated as a single employer under Section 414(b) or 414(c) of the Code or, solely for purposes of Section 302 of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code, is treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code.

ERISA Event” means (a) any “reportable event,” as defined in Section 4043(c) of ERISA or the regulations issued thereunder with respect to a Plan (other than an event for which the 30-day notice period is waived); (b) any failure by any Plan to satisfy the minimum funding standard (within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA) applicable to such Plan, in each case whether or not waived; (c) the filing pursuant to Section 412(c) of the Code or Section 302(c) of ERISA, of an application for a waiver of the minimum funding standard with respect to any Plan; (d) a determination that any Plan is, or is expected to be, in “at-risk” status (as defined in Section 303(i)(4) of ERISA or Section 430(i)(4) of the Code); (e) the incurrence by a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability under Title IV of ERISA (other than premiums due and not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA) with respect to the termination of any Plan or by application of Section 4069 of ERISA with respect to any terminated plan; (f) the receipt by a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate from the PBGC or a plan administrator of any notice to terminate any Plan or Plans or to appoint a trustee to administer any Plan, or to terminate or to appoint a trustee to administer any plan or plans in respect of which such Note Party or ERISA Affiliate would be deemed to be an employer under Section 4069 of ERISA; (g) the incurrence by a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability with respect to the withdrawal or partial withdrawal from any Multiemployer Plan; (h) the receipt by a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, or the receipt by any Multiemployer Plan from a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, concerning the imposition of Withdrawal Liability, or the failure of a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate to pay when due, after the expiration of any applicable grace period, any installment payment with respect to any Withdrawal Liability; or (i) the withdrawal of a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate from a Plan subject to Section 4063 of ERISA during a plan year in which such entity was a “substantial employer” as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA or a cessation of operations that is treated as such a withdrawal under Section 4062(e) of ERISA.

Euro” means the lawful single currency of the European Union.

Euroclear” means Euroclear S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear system.

Excess Cash Flow” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time.

Excluded Assets” means (a) any fee-owned real property that is not Material Real Property and all leasehold (including ground lease) interests in real property (including requirements to deliver landlord lien waivers, estoppels and collateral access letters), (b) motor vehicles and other assets subject to certificates of title or ownership, (c) Letter of Credit Rights (except to the extent constituting supporting obligations (as defined under the UCC) in which a security interest can be perfected with the filing of a UCC-1 financing statement), (d) Commercial Tort Claims (as defined under the UCC) with a value of less than $20,000,000 and commercial tort claims for which no complaint or counterclaim has been filed in a court of competent jurisdiction, (e) Excluded Equity Interests, (f) any lease, contract, license, sublicense, other agreement or document, government approval or franchise with any Person if, to the extent and for so long as, the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Notes Obligations would require the consent of a third party (unless such consent has been received), violates or invalidates, constitutes a breach of or a default under, or creates a right of termination in favor of any other party thereto (other than any Note Party)

 

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to, such lease, contract, license, sublicense, other agreement or document, government approval or franchise (but only to the extent any of the foregoing is not rendered ineffective by, or is otherwise unenforceable under, the Uniform Commercial Code, or any other applicable Requirements of Law), (g) any asset subject to a Lien of the type permitted by Section 5.02(iv) (whether or not incurred pursuant to such Section) or a Lien permitted by Section 5.02(xi), in each case if, to the extent and for so long as the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Notes Obligations constitutes a breach of or a default under, or creates a right of termination in favor of any party (other than any Note Party) to, any agreement pursuant to which such Lien has been created (but only to the extent any of the foregoing is not rendered ineffective by, or is otherwise unenforceable under, the Uniform Commercial Code, or any other applicable Requirements of Law), (h) any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act and any other Intellectual Property in any jurisdiction where the grant of a Lien thereon would cause the invalidation or abandonment of such Intellectual Property under applicable law, (i) any asset if, to the extent and for so long as the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Notes Obligations is prohibited by any Requirements of Law, rule or regulation, contractual obligation existing on the Issue Date (or, if later, the date of acquisition of such asset, or the date a Person that owns such assets becomes a Guarantor, so long as any such prohibition is not created in contemplation of such acquisition or of such Person becoming a Guarantor) or any permitted agreement with any Governmental Authority binding on such asset (in each case, other than to the extent that any such prohibition would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the UCC, or any other applicable Requirements of Law) or which would require consent, approval, license or authorization from any Governmental Authority or regulatory authority, unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been received (other than to the extent such requirement would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the UCC or any other applicable Requirement of Law), (j) margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors, as in effect from time to time) and pledges and security interests prohibited by applicable law, rule or regulation or agreements with any Governmental Authority, (k) Securitization Assets, (l) any Deposit Account (as defined in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement) or Securities Account (as defined in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement) that is used as a pension fund, escrow (including, without limitation, any escrow accounts for the benefit of customers), trust, or similar account, in each case, for the benefit of third parties, (m) assets to the extent a security interest in such assets would result in an investment in “United States property” by a CFC or would otherwise result in a material adverse tax consequence, as reasonably determined by the Issuer and, prior to the Disposition Date, in consultation with the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) (it being understood that no more than 65% of the voting equity interests of any foreign subsidiary that is a CFC and that is owned directly by the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor shall be included in the Collateral) and (n) any assets with respect to which, in the reasonable judgment of the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) and the Issuer (as agreed to in writing), the cost, burden, difficulty or other consequences (including adverse tax consequences) of pledging such assets or perfecting a security interest therein shall be excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Holders therefrom, until the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations, any assets that are “Excluded Assets” under the Credit Agreement.

 

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Excluded Equity Interests” means Equity Interests in any (a) Unrestricted Subsidiary, (b) Immaterial Subsidiary, (c) Subsidiary organized under the laws of a jurisdiction that is not a Covered Jurisdiction (except that up to 65% of the voting equity interests of any foreign subsidiary that is a CFC and that is owned directly by the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor shall not be Excluded Equity Interests), (d) any Equity Interests to the extent the pledge thereof would be prohibited or limited by any applicable Requirement of Law existing on the date hereof or on the date such Equity Interests are acquired by the Issuer or any other Grantor (as defined in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement) or on the date the issuer of such Equity Interests is created other than to the extent that any such prohibition would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the applicable anti-assignment provisions in the Uniform Commercial Code of any applicable jurisdiction, (e) Subsidiary (other than any Notes Guarantor) to the extent the pledge thereof to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent is not permitted by the terms of such Subsidiary’s organizational (except in the case of any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Holdings) or joint venture documents, in each case, after giving effect to the applicable anti-assignment provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code and (f) not-for-profit Subsidiary, captive insurance company or special purpose securitization vehicle (or similar entity), including any Securitization Subsidiary until the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations, any Equity Interests that are “Excluded Equity Interests” under the Credit Agreement.

Excluded Subsidiary” means (a) any Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Holdings, (b) each Subsidiary listed on Schedule 1.01, (c) any Subsidiary that is prohibited by applicable law, rule or regulation or contractual obligation existing on the Issue Date or, if later, the date such Subsidiary first becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, from guaranteeing the Notes Obligations or which would require any governmental or regulatory consent, approval, license or authorization to do so, unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been obtained, (d) any Immaterial Subsidiary, (e) any direct or indirect Subsidiary with respect to which, in the reasonable judgment of the Controlling Party and the Issuer (as agreed in writing) (and after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, to the extent agreed between the Credit Agreement Agent and Issuer pursuant to the Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, to the extent agreed between the Required Holders and the Issuer), the cost or other consequences (including any adverse tax consequences) of providing the Guaranty shall be excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Holders therefrom, (f) any Subsidiary that is (or, if it were a Note Party, would be) an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (g) any not-for profit Subsidiaries, captive insurance companies or other special purpose subsidiaries, (h) any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than any Covered Jurisdiction, (i) any subsidiary whose provision of a Guarantee would constitute an investment in “United States property” by a CFC or otherwise result in a material adverse tax consequence to the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries (or, if applicable, the common parent of the Issuer’s consolidated group for income tax purposes) as reasonably determined by the Issuer and, prior to the Disposition Date, in consultation with the Controlling Party, (j)(i) any direct or indirect subsidiary of a CFC and (ii) any Domestic Foreign Holdco, (k) any special purpose securitization vehicle (or similar entity), including any Securitization Subsidiary, (l) each Unrestricted Subsidiary and (m) any Subsidiary (other than the Subsidiary Note Parties on the Issue Date) for which the providing of a Guarantee would reasonably be expected to result in any violation or breach of, or conflict with, fiduciary duties of such Subsidiary’s officers, directors or managers and (n) any Restricted Subsidiary acquired pursuant to a Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited by this Indenture) financed with Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01 hereof as assumed Indebtedness and any Restricted Subsidiary thereof that Guarantees such Indebtedness, in each case to the extent such Indebtedness prohibits such Subsidiary from becoming a Notes Guarantor (so long as such prohibition did not arise in connection with such Permitted Acquisition (or such other Investment not prohibited by this Indenture) or such assumption of Indebtedness); provided that any Immaterial Subsidiary that is a signatory to the Second Lien Collateral Agreement or that provides a Notes Guarantee shall be deemed not to be an Excluded Subsidiary for purposes of this Indenture and the other Notes Documents unless the Issuer has otherwise notified the Trustee; provided further that the Issuer may at any time and in its sole discretion, upon notice to the Trustee, deem that any Restricted Subsidiary shall not be an Excluded Subsidiary for purposes of this Indenture and the other Notes Documents.

 

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Existing Notes” means the PIK Toggle Notes and the Senior Notes.

Fair Market Value” or “fair market value” means, with respect to any asset or group of assets on any date of determination, the value of the consideration obtainable in a sale of such asset at such date of determination assuming a sale by a willing seller to a willing purchaser dealing at arm’s length and arranged in an orderly manner over a reasonable period of time taking into account the nature and characteristics of such asset (which determination shall be conclusive), it being agreed that with respect to real property, in no event will any Note Party be required to obtain independent appraisals or other third party valuations to establish such Fair Market Value unless required by FIRREA.

Final Maturity Date” means December 13, 2027.

Financial Officer” means the chief financial officer, principal accounting officer, treasurer or corporate controller of Holdings or the Issuer, as applicable.

Financial Performance Covenant” means any financial maintenance covenant from time to time in effect under the Credit Agreement.

FIRREA” means the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, as amended.

“First Lien Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

First Lien Facilities” means (a) the loans made pursuant to the Credit Agreement on the Issue Date, (b) any First Lien Incremental Facilities permitted to be incurred in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement and (c) any Indebtedness incurred under Section 2.21 of the Credit Agreement.

First Lien Incremental Facility” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

“First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

First Lien Term Loans” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement” means the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit H-1 among the Credit Agreement Agent, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and any Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral. On the Issue Date, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent will enter into a First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement with the Credit Agreement Agent and the other parties party thereto.

First Lien Loan Documents” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

First Lien Obligations” means the “Senior Obligations” as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

 

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Flood Insurance Laws” means, collectively, (i) the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (ii) the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (iii) the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (iv) the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto and (v) the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto.

GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, as in effect from time to time; provided, however, that if the Issuer notifies the Trustee and the Controlling Party that the Issuer requests an amendment to any provision hereof to eliminate the effect of any change occurring after the Issue Date in GAAP or in the application thereof on the operation of such provision (or if the Trustee notifies the Issuer that the Controlling Party requests an amendment to any provision hereof for such purpose), regardless of whether any such notice is given before or after such change in GAAP or in the application thereof, then such provision shall be interpreted on the basis of GAAP as in effect and applied immediately before such change shall have become effective until such notice shall have been withdrawn or such provision amended in accordance herewith. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, (a) all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made, without giving effect to any election under FASB Accounting Standards Codification 825-Financial Instruments, or any successor thereto (including pursuant to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification), to value any Indebtedness of any subsidiary at “fair value,” as defined therein and (b) the amount of any Indebtedness under GAAP with respect to Capital Lease Obligations shall be determined in accordance with the definition of Capital Lease Obligations.

General Restricted Payment Reallocated Amount” means any amount that, at the option of Holdings or the Issuer, has been reallocated from Section 5.07(a)(viii) to clause (C) of the proviso in Section 5.04(m), which shall be deemed to be a utilization of the basket set forth in Section 5.07(a)(viii).

Global Note Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.06(g)(ii) hereof, which is required to be placed on all Global Notes issued under this Indenture.

Global Notes” means, individually and collectively, each of the Restricted Global Notes and the Unrestricted Global Notes, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, issued in accordance with Section 2.01, 2.06(b) or 2.06(d) hereof.

Governmental Approvals” means all authorizations, consents, approvals, permits, licenses and exemptions of, registrations and filings with, and reports to, Governmental Authorities.

Governmental Authority” means the government of the United States of America, any other nation or any political subdivision thereof, whether federal, state, provincial, territorial, local or otherwise, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).

Government Securities” means securities that are:

(1) direct obligations of the United States of America for the timely payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged; or

 

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(2) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America,

which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuers thereof, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act), as custodian with respect to any such Government Securities or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Government Securities held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depository receipt; provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Securities or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the Government Securities evidenced by such depository receipt.

GS Sell-Down Date” means the first date occurring after the Issue Date on which Account Parties of Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC cease to Beneficially Own more than 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes. Promptly following the GS Sell-Down Date, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC shall notify the Issuer, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in writing of the occurrence of the GS Sell-Down Date.

Guarantee” of or by any Person (the “guarantor”) means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of the guarantor guaranteeing or having the economic effect of guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including any obligation of the guarantor, direct or indirect, (a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or to purchase (or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any security for the payment thereof, (b) to purchase or lease property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the owner of such Indebtedness of the payment thereof, (c) to maintain working capital, equity capital or any other financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary obligor so as to enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness or (d) as an account party in respect of any letter of credit or letter of guaranty issued to support such Indebtedness; provided that the term Guarantee shall not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business or customary and reasonable indemnity obligations in effect on the Issue Date or entered into in connection with any acquisition or disposition of assets permitted under this Indenture (other than such obligations with respect to Indebtedness). The amount of any Guarantee shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the related primary obligation, or portion thereof, in respect of which such Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer. The term “Guarantee” as a verb has a corresponding meaning.

Hazardous Materials” means all explosive, radioactive, hazardous or toxic substances, wastes or other pollutants, including petroleum or petroleum by-products or distillates, asbestos or asbestos-containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, radon gas, infectious or medical wastes and all other hazardous or toxic substances, wastes, chemicals, pollutants, contaminants of any nature and in any form regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law.

Holder” means the Person in whose name a Note is registered on the Registrar’s books.

Holdings” means (a) prior to any IPO, Initial Holdings and (b) upon and after an IPO, (i) if the IPO Entity is Initial Holdings or any Person of which Initial Holdings is a Subsidiary, Initial Holdings or (ii) if the IPO Entity is an Intermediate Parent, the IPO Entity.

 

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IAI Global Note” means a Global Note substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Note Legend and the Private Placement Legend and deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee that will be issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes sold or to be sold to Institutional Accredited Investors.

Immaterial Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary other than a Material Subsidiary.

Incremental Cap” means, as of any date of determination, the sum of (I)(a) the greater of (i) $288,000,000 and (ii) 75% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such date, calculated on a Pro Forma Basis; plus (b) the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of all First Lien Term Loans, First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or any other Indebtedness secured by the Collateral on a senior basis to the Notes Obligations voluntarily prepaid (including purchases and redemptions of the Loans, First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or any other Indebtedness secured by the Collateral on a senior basis to the Notes Obligations by the Issuer and its Subsidiaries (to the extent retired) at or below par, in which case the amount of such voluntary prepayments shall be deemed to be the amount paid in cash, and with respect to any reduction in the outstanding amount of any loan resulting from the application of any “yank-a-bank” provisions, the amount paid in cash), (ii) the aggregate amount of all First Lien Term Loans repurchased and prepaid pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii) of the Credit Agreement or otherwise in a manner not prohibited by Section 9.04(g) of the Credit Agreement and (iii) all reductions of Revolving Commitments (and, in the case of any revolving loans, a corresponding commitment reduction), in each case prior to such date (other than, in each case, prepayments, repurchases and commitment reductions with the proceeds of the incurrence of Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness or other long-term Indebtedness) minus (c)(i) the amount of all First Lien Incremental Facilities and all First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt incurred in reliance on the foregoing clauses (a) and/or (b) and (ii) the amount of all Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt incurred in reliance on the foregoing clauses (a) and/or (b) plus (II)(a) in the case of any First Lien Incremental Facilities or First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt secured by the Collateral on a senior basis to the Notes Obligations, the maximum aggregate principal amount that can be incurred without causing the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, after giving effect to the incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof, on a Pro Forma Basis, to exceed 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period; (b) in the case of any Incremental Facilities or Incremental Equivalent Debt secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Notes Obligations, the maximum aggregate principal amount that can be incurred without causing the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio to exceed 7.50 to 1.00, on a Pro Forma Basis for the most recently ended Test Period; and (c) in the case of any Incremental Equivalent Debt that is unsecured, the maximum aggregate principal amount that can be incurred without causing the Total Net Leverage Ratio, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof to exceed 7.50 to 1.00 on a Pro Forma Basis, for the most recently ended Test Period. Any ratio calculated for purposes of determining the “Incremental Cap” shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis after giving effect to the incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof (assuming that the full amount of any Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments (as defined in the Credit Agreement) being established at such time is fully drawn and deducting in calculating the numerator of any leverage ratio the cash proceeds thereof to the extent such proceeds are not promptly applied, but without giving effect to any simultaneous incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt made pursuant to clause (I) above) for the most recent Test Period ended and subject to Section 1.06 to the extent applicable. Indebtedness may be incurred under both clauses (I) and (II), and proceeds from any such incurrence may be utilized in a single transaction by first calculating the incurrence under clause (II) above and then calculating the incurrence under clause (I) above (if any) (and vice versa) (and if both clauses (I) and (II) are available and the Issuer does not make an election, the Issuer will be deemed to have elected clause (II)); provided that any such Indebtedness originally incurred in reliance on clause (I) above shall cease to be deemed outstanding under clause (I) and shall instead be deemed to be outstanding pursuant to clause (II) above from and after the first date on which the Issuer could have incurred the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness in reliance on clause (II) above.

 

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Incremental Equivalent Debt” means First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt.

Incremental Facility” means incremental, additional or other Term Loans or Revolving Commitments incurred or established under the Credit Agreement; provided that, after giving effect to the effectiveness of any Incremental Facility and at the time that any such Incremental Facility is made or effected, (i) no Event of Default (except, in the case of the incurrence or provision of any Incremental Facility in connection with a Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited by the terms of this Indenture, no Specified Event of Default) shall have occurred and be continuing and (ii) the Issuer shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the Test Period then last ended (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable under the Credit Agreement at such time); provided further that any such Incremental Facility (a) shall rank equal in right of payment with the Notes, shall be secured only by the collateral securing the Notes Obligations and shall only be guaranteed by the guarantors of the Notes Obligations, (b) shall not mature earlier than the Term Loans or Revolving Commitments, as applicable, under the Credit Agreement and (c) shall not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the remaining term of the Term Loans or Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement.

Indebtedness” of any Person means, without duplication, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property acquired by such Person, (d) all obligations of such Person in respect of the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding (x) trade accounts payable in the ordinary course of business, (y) any earn-out obligation until such obligation becomes a liability on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP and if not paid after being due and payable and (z) taxes and other accrued expenses accrued in the ordinary course of business), (e) all Indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on property owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the Indebtedness secured thereby has been assumed, (f) all Guarantees by such Person of Indebtedness of others, (g) all Capital Lease Obligations of such Person, (h) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person as an account party in respect of letters of credit and letters of guaranty and (i) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person in respect of bankers’ acceptances; provided that the term “Indebtedness” shall not include (i) deferred or prepaid revenue, (ii) purchase price holdbacks in respect of a portion of the purchase price of an asset to satisfy warranty, indemnity or other unperformed obligations of the seller, (iii) any obligations attributable to the exercise of appraisal rights and the settlement of any claims or actions (whether actual, contingent or potential) with respect thereto, (iv) Indebtedness of any Person that is a direct or indirect parent of Holdings appearing on the balance sheet of Holdings or the Issuer, or solely by reason of push down accounting under GAAP, (v) for the avoidance of doubt, any Qualified Equity Interests issued by Holdings or the Issuer and (vi) any earn-out, take-or-pay or similar obligation to the extent such obligation is not shown as a liability on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP and is not paid after becoming due and payable. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other relationship with such entity, except to the extent the terms of such Indebtedness provide that such Person is not liable therefor. The amount of Indebtedness of any Person for purposes of clause (e) above shall (unless such Indebtedness has been assumed by such Person) be deemed to be equal to the lesser of (A) the aggregate unpaid amount of such Indebtedness and (B) the

 

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Fair Market Value of the property encumbered thereby as determined by such Person in good faith. For all purposes hereof, the Indebtedness of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries shall exclude intercompany liabilities arising from their cash management, tax, and accounting operations and intercompany loans, advances or Indebtedness having a term not exceeding 364 days (inclusive of any rollover or extensions of terms) and made in the ordinary course of business.

Indenture” means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

Indirect Participant” means a Person who holds a beneficial interest in a Global Note through a Participant.

Initial Notes” means the Issuer’s Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2027 authenticated and delivered under this Indenture on the Issue Date.

Initial Purchasers” means, collectively, the parties to the Notes Purchase Agreement listed on Schedule 1 thereto as Initial Purchasers.

Institutional Accredited Investor” means an institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (2), (3) or (7) under the Securities Act, who is not also a QIB.

Intellectual Property” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement.

Intellectual Property Security Agreements” means, collectively, the Second Lien Trademark Security Agreement, the Second Lien Patent Security Agreement and Second Lien Copyright Security Agreement, in each case which has the meaning assigned to such term in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement.

Intercompany Note” means the Intercompany Note, dated as of the Issue Date, by and among Holdings, the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries from time to time party thereto.

Intercreditor Agreement” means any of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement (when in effect), the Third Lien Intercreditor Agreement (when in effect), the ABL Intercreditor Agreement (when in effect) or any other Customary Intercreditor Agreement in effect, as applicable.

Intermediate Parent” means any Subsidiary of Holdings of which the Issuer is a subsidiary.

Investment” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect acquisition or investment by such Person, whether by means of (a) the purchase or other acquisition of Equity Interests or debt or other securities of another Person, (b) a loan, advance or capital contribution to, Guarantee or assumption of Indebtedness of, or purchase or other acquisition of any other debt or equity participation or interest in, another Person, including any partnership or joint venture interest in such other Person (excluding, in the case of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries (i) intercompany advances arising from their cash management, tax, and accounting operations and (ii) intercompany loans, advances, or Indebtedness having a term not exceeding 364 days (inclusive of any roll-over or extensions of terms) and made in the ordinary course of business) or (c) the purchase or other acquisition (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the property and assets or business of another Person or assets constituting a business unit, line of business or division of such Person. The amount, as of any date of determination, of (a) any Investment in the form of a loan or an advance shall be the principal amount thereof outstanding on such

 

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date, minus any cash payments actually received by such investor representing interest in respect of such Investment (to the extent any such payment to be deducted does not exceed the remaining principal amount of such Investment and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any adjustment for write-downs or write-offs (including as a result of forgiveness of any portion thereof) with respect to such loan or advance after the date thereof, (b) any Investment in the form of a Guarantee shall be equal to the stated or determinable amount of the related primary obligation, or portion thereof, in respect of which such Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof, as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer, (c) any Investment in the form of a transfer of Equity Interests or other non-cash property by the investor to the investee, including any such transfer in the form of a capital contribution, shall be the Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer) of such Equity Interests or other property as of the time of the transfer, minus any payments actually received by such investor representing a return of capital of, or dividends or other distributions in respect of, such Investment (to the extent such payments do not exceed, in the aggregate, the original amount of such Investment and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any other adjustment for increases or decreases in value of, or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to, such Investment after the date of such Investment, and (d) any Investment (other than any Investment referred to in clause (a), (b) or (c) above) by the specified Person in the form of a purchase or other acquisition for value of any Equity Interests, evidences of Indebtedness or other securities of any other Person shall be the original cost of such Investment (including any Indebtedness assumed in connection therewith), plus (i) the cost of all additions thereto and minus (ii) the amount of any portion of such Investment that has been repaid to the investor in cash as a repayment of principal or a return of capital, and of any cash payments actually received by such investor representing interest, dividends or other distributions in respect of such Investment (to the extent the amounts referred to in clause (ii) do not, in the aggregate, exceed the original cost of such Investment plus the costs of additions thereto and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any other adjustment for increases or decreases in value of, or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to, such Investment after the date of such Investment. For purposes of Section 5.04, if an Investment involves the acquisition of more than one Person, the amount of such Investment shall be allocated among the acquired Persons in accordance with GAAP; provided that pending the final determination of the amounts to be so allocated in accordance with GAAP, such allocation shall be as reasonably determined by a Financial Officer.

Investor” means a holder of Equity Interests in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof).

IPO” means (x) the initial underwritten public offering (other than a public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-8) of common Equity Interests in the IPO Entity or (y) the listing for trading of common Equity Interests in the IPO Entity on a securities exchange of recognized national or international standing, approved by the IPO Entity.

IPO Entity” means, at any time upon and after an IPO, Initial Holdings, a parent entity of Initial Holdings or an Intermediate Parent, as the case may be, the Equity Interests of which were issued or sold pursuant to, or otherwise the subject of, the IPO; provided that, immediately following the IPO, the Issuer is a direct or indirect Wholly Owned Subsidiary of such IPO Entity and such IPO Entity owns, directly or through its subsidiaries, substantially all the businesses and assets owned or conducted, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer immediately prior to the IPO.

Issue Date” means December 13, 2019.

 

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Issuer” has the meaning set forth in the preamble hereto until a successor replaces the applicable entity in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and, thereafter, includes such successor.

Issuer Order” means a written request or order signed on behalf of the Issuer by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer, who must be the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer, the treasurer or the principal accounting officer of the Issuer, and delivered to the Trustee.

Junior Debt Payment Reallocated Amount” means any amount that, at the option of Holdings or the Issuer, has been reallocated from Section 5.07(b)(iv) to clause (D) of the proviso in Section 5.04(m), which shall be deemed to be a utilization of the basket set forth in Section 5.07(b)(iv).

Junior Financing” means (a) any Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than (i) any permitted intercompany Indebtedness owing to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt or (ii) any Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount not exceeding $30,000,000) that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations, and (b) any Permitted Refinancing in respect of the foregoing.

Letter of Credit” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

Lien” means, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset and (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such asset.

Limited Condition Transaction” means (a) any Permitted Acquisition (including by way of merger or amalgamation), Investment or irrevocably declared Restricted Payment by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary permitted pursuant to this Indenture whose consummation is not conditioned upon the availability of, or on obtaining, third party financing (or, if such a condition does exist, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, would be required to pay any fee, liquidated damages or other amount or be subject to any indemnity, claim or other liability as a result of such third party financing not having been available or obtained) or (b) any prepayment, repurchase or redemption of Indebtedness requiring irrevocable notice in advance of such prepayment, repurchase or redemption.

Management Investors” means the members of the Board of Directors, officers and employees of Holdings, the Issuer and/or their respective Subsidiaries who are (directly or indirectly through one or more investment vehicles) investors in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof).

Material Adverse Effect” means a circumstance or condition affecting the business, financial condition, or results of operations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and their respective Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, that would reasonably be expected to have a materially adverse effect on (a) the ability of the Issuer and the other Note Parties, taken as a whole, to perform their payment obligations under the Notes Documents or (b) the rights and remedies of the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Holders under the Notes Documents.

Material Indebtedness” means Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than the Notes Obligations), Capital Lease Obligations, unreimbursed obligations for letter of credit drawings and financial guarantees (other than ordinary course of business contingent reimbursement obligations) or obligations in respect of one or more Swap Agreements, of any one or more of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount exceeding $100,000,000. For purposes of determining Material

 

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Indebtedness, the “principal amount” of the obligations in respect of any Swap Agreement at any time shall be the maximum aggregate amount (giving effect to any netting agreements) that the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary would be required to pay if such Swap Agreement were terminated at such time.

Material Real Property” means any real property with a Fair Market Value, as reasonably determined by the Issuer in good faith, greater than or equal to $30,000,000.

Material Subsidiary” means each Intermediate Parent or Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary that, as of the last day of the fiscal quarter of the Issuer most recently ended, had net revenues or total assets for such quarter in excess of 2.5% of the consolidated net revenues or total assets, as applicable, of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such quarter; provided that in the event that the Immaterial Subsidiaries, taken together, had as of the last day of the fiscal quarter of the Issuer’s most recently ended net revenues or total assets in excess of 10.0 % of the consolidated revenues or total assets, as applicable, of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such quarter, the Issuer shall designate in writing one or more Immaterial Subsidiaries to be a Material Subsidiary as may be necessary such that the foregoing 10.0% limit shall not be exceeded, and any such Subsidiary shall thereafter be deemed to be an Material Subsidiary hereunder; provided further that the Issuer may re-designate Material Subsidiaries as Immaterial Subsidiaries so long as the Issuer is in compliance with the foregoing.

MFN Provision” means in the event that the Effective Yield for any Indebtedness is greater than the Effective Yield for the Initial Notes by more than 0.50% per annum, then the Effective Yield for the Initial Notes shall be increased to the extent necessary so that the Effective Yield for the Initial Notes is equal to the Effective Yield for such Indebtedness minus 0.50% per annum (provided that the “LIBOR floor” applicable to the outstanding Initial Notes shall be increased to an amount not to exceed the “LIBOR floor” applicable to such Indebtedness prior to any increase in the Applicable Rate applicable to such Initial Notes then outstanding). Promptly upon the occurrence of any event triggering the obligation to increase the Effective Yield on the Notes under this provision, the Issuer shall deliver an Officer’s Certificate to the Trustee identifying the required rate changes and the effective date of such change and describing the basis for such change.

Model” means that certain financial model delivered by the Issuer to the Holders on November 7, 2019 (together with any updates or modifications thereto made prior to the Issue Date with the consent of the Holders).

Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and any successor to its rating agency business.

Mortgage” means a mortgage, charge, deed of trust, assignment of leases and rents or other security document granting a Lien on any Mortgaged Property in favor of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties to secure the Notes Obligations, as the same may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time. Each Mortgage shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) and the Issuer.

Mortgaged Property” means each parcel of Material Real Property with respect to which a Mortgage will (or is required to be) be granted pursuant to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, Section 4.13 or Section 4.14.

 

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Multiemployer Plan” means a multiemployer plan as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA.

Net Proceeds” means, with respect to any event, (a) the proceeds received in respect of such event in cash or Permitted Investments, including (i) any cash or Permitted Investments received in respect of any non-cash proceeds (including any cash payments received by way of deferred payment of principal pursuant to a note or installment receivable or purchase price adjustment or earn-out, but excluding any interest payments), but only as and when received, (ii) in the case of a casualty, insurance proceeds that are actually received, and (iii) in the case of a condemnation or similar event, condemnation awards and similar payments that are actually received, minus (b) without duplication, the sum of (i) all fees and out-of-pocket expenses paid by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with such event (including attorney’s fees, investment banking fees, survey costs, title insurance premiums, and related search and recording charges, transfer taxes, deed or mortgage recording taxes, underwriting discounts and commissions, other customary expenses and brokerage, consultant, accountant and other customary fees), (ii) in the case of a sale, transfer or other disposition of an asset (including pursuant to a sale and leaseback transaction or a casualty or a condemnation or similar proceeding), (x) the amount of all payments that are permitted hereunder and are made by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries as a result of such event to repay Indebtedness secured by such asset or otherwise subject to mandatory prepayment as a result of such event, (y) the pro rata portion of net cash proceeds thereof (calculated without regard to this clause (y)) attributable to minority interests and not available for distribution to or for the account of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries as a result thereof and (z) the amount of any liabilities directly associated with such asset and retained by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary and (iii) the amount of all taxes paid (or reasonably estimated to be payable), the amount of dividends and other restricted payments that Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and/or its Restricted Subsidiaries may make pursuant to Section 5.07(a)(vii)(A) or (B) as a result of such event, and the amount of any reserves established by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries to fund contingent liabilities reasonably estimated to be payable, that are directly attributable to such event, provided that any reduction at any time in the amount of any such reserves (other than as a result of payments made in respect thereof) shall be deemed to constitute the receipt by the Issuer at such time of Net Proceeds in the amount of such reduction. To the extent that any portion of Net Proceeds payable in respect of the Notes is denominated in a currency other than Dollars, the amount thereof payable in respect of the Notes shall not exceed the net amount of funds in Dollars that is actually received by the Issuer upon converting such portion into Dollars.

New Project” shall mean (a) each facility which is either a new facility, branch or office or an expansion, relocation, remodeling or substantial modernization of an existing facility, branch or office owned by the Issuer or its Subsidiaries which in fact commences operations and (b) each creation (in one or a series of related transactions) of a business unit to the extent such business unit commences operations or each expansion (in one or a series of related transactions) of business into a new market.

Non-Cash Charges” means (a) any impairment charge or asset write-off or write-down related to intangible assets (including goodwill), long-lived assets, and Investments in debt and equity securities pursuant to GAAP, (b) all losses from Investments recorded using the equity method, (c) all Non-Cash Compensation Expenses, (d) the non-cash impact of acquisition method accounting, (e) depreciation and amortization (including, without limitation, as they relate to acquisition accounting, amortization of deferred financing fees or costs, Capitalized Software Expenditures and amortization of unrecognized prior service costs and actuarial gains and losses related to pension and other post-employment benefits) and (f) other non-cash charges (provided, in each case, that if any non-cash charges represent an accrual or reserve for potential cash items in any future period, the cash payment in respect thereof in such future period shall be subtracted from Consolidated EBITDA to such extent, and excluding amortization of a prepaid cash item that was paid in a prior period).

 

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Non-Cash Compensation Expense” means any non-cash expenses and costs that result from the issuance of stock-based awards, partnership interest-based awards and similar incentive based compensation awards or arrangements.

Non-U.S. Person” means a Person who is not a U.S. Person.

Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary” of any Person means any subsidiary of such Person other than a Wholly Owned Subsidiary.

Not Otherwise Applied” means, with reference to the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount, as applicable, that such amount was not previously applied pursuant to Sections 5.04(m), 5.07(a)(viii) and 5.07(b)(iv).

Note Parties” means Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and the Subsidiary Note Parties.

Note Purchase Agreement” means the Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of the Issue Date, among the Initial Purchasers, the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors relating to the sale and purchase of the Initial Notes (subject to the terms and conditions contained therein), as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

Notes” means any of the Issuer’s Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2027 authenticated and delivered under this Indenture

Notes Documents” means this Indenture, the Notes, the Notes Guarantees, the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the other Security Documents, any Intercreditor Agreement, and any other document entered into or delivered by a Note Party in connection with the foregoing and designated as a Notes Document therein.

Notes Guarantee” means the Guarantee by each Notes Guarantor of the Issuer’s Notes Obligations pursuant to Article 10 of this Indenture.

Notes Guarantors” means Holdings, any Intermediate Parent and the Subsidiary Note Parties.

Notes Obligations” means all advances to, and debts, liabilities, obligations, covenants and duties of, any Note Party or any of their Subsidiaries arising under any Notes Document or otherwise with respect to any Note, whether direct or indirect (including those acquired by assumption), absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising and including interest and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against any Note Party or any Subsidiary of any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Laws naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such proceeding. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Notes Obligations of the Note Parties under the Notes Documents (and of any of their Subsidiaries to the extent they have obligations under the Notes Documents) include (a) the obligation (including guarantee obligations) to pay principal, interest, reimbursement obligations, charges, expenses, fees, Attorney Costs, indemnities and other amounts, in each case, payable by any Note Party or any of their Subsidiaries under any Notes Document and (b) the obligation of any Note Party or any of their Subsidiaries to reimburse any amount in respect of any of the foregoing that the Trustee or Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in their sole and reasonable discretion, may elect to pay or advance on behalf of such Note Party or such Subsidiary.

 

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Obligations” means any principal, interest (including any interest accruing subsequent to the filing of a petition in bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding at the rate provided for in the documentation with respect thereto, whether or not such interest is an allowed claim under applicable state, federal or foreign law), premium, penalties, fees, indemnifications, reimbursements (including reimbursement obligations with respect to letters of credit and bankers’ acceptances), damages and other liabilities, and guarantees of payment of such principal, interest, penalties, fees, indemnifications, reimbursements, damages and other liabilities, payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness.

Offer Event” means any event in which (a) there is any sale, transfer or other disposition of any property or asset of the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted by Section 5.05(k) other than dispositions resulting in aggregate Net Proceeds not exceeding (A) $25,000,000 in the case of any single transaction or series of related transactions and (B) $50,000,000 for all such transactions during any fiscal year of the Issuer or (b) there are any Credit Agreement Declined Proceeds.

Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of the Issuer by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer or on behalf of any other Person, as the case may be, that meets the requirements set forth in this Indenture.

Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel. Such counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Issuer or the Trustee.

Participant” means, with respect to the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream, a Person who has an account with the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream, respectively (and, with respect to DTC, shall include Euroclear and Clearstream).

Patent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement.

PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation referred to and defined in ERISA and any successor entity performing similar functions.

Perfection Certificate” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit F.

Permitted Acquisition” means the purchase or other acquisition, by merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise, by the Issuer or any Subsidiary of any Equity Interests in, or all or substantially all the assets of (or all or substantially all the assets constituting a business unit, division, product line or line of business of), any Person; provided that (a) in the case of any purchase or other acquisition of Equity Interests in a Person, (i) such Person, upon the consummation of such purchase or acquisition, will be a Subsidiary (including as a result of a merger, amalgamation or consolidation between any Subsidiary and such Person), or (ii) such Person is merged or amalgamated into or consolidated with a Subsidiary and such Subsidiary is the surviving entity of such merger, amalgamation or consolidation, (b) the business of such Person, or such assets, as the case may be, constitute a business permitted by Section 4.16, (c) with respect to each such purchase or other acquisition, all actions required to be taken with respect to such newly created or acquired Subsidiary (including each subsidiary thereof) or assets in order to satisfy the requirements set forth in clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” to the extent applicable shall have been taken (or arrangements for the taking of such actions after the consummation of the Permitted Acquisition shall have been made that are reasonably satisfactory to the

 

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Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders)) (unless such newly created or acquired Subsidiary is designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to Section 4.15 or is otherwise an Excluded Subsidiary) and (d) subject to Section 1.06, after giving Pro Forma Effect to any such purchase or other acquisition, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

Permitted Change of Control” means any transaction or a series of related transactions occurring (x) not later than 24 months and (y) not more than once following the Issue Date in which Equity Interests of Holdings representing a majority of the ordinary voting power for the election of members of the board of managers of Holdings is acquired, directly or indirectly through one or more holding companies, by a buyer (including any sponsor, portfolio company, corporate or other buyer) (any of the foregoing, a “Buyer”), and the following additional conditions are met:

(i) no Default or Event of Default shall exist as of the date of execution of the definitive acquisition agreement for such transaction or series of transactions;

(ii) no Specified Event of Default shall exist as of the Permitted Change of Control Effective Date;

(iii) no company material adverse effect (as defined in the definitive acquisition agreement for such transaction or series of transactions) shall exist as of the Permitted Change of Control Effective Date;

(iv) (a) the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, calculated on a Pro Forma Basis as of the date of execution of the definitive acquisition agreement for such transaction or series of transactions, does not exceed 5.50:1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (b) the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio, calculated on a Pro Forma Basis as of the date of execution of the definitive acquisition agreement for such transaction or series of transactions, does not exceed 7.50:1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period (it being understood and agreed that when making such Pro Forma Basis calculation, any retirement of Indebtedness that is expected (based on information then available to the Issuer and as determined in good faith by the Issuer based on such information) to occur substantially simultaneously with the closing of such transaction or series of transactions shall be deemed to have occurred as of the first day of the applicable measurement period, to the extent and only to the extent such retirement of Indebtedness actually occurs substantially simultaneously with such closing);

(v) the Buyer (together with any applicable co-investors) shall have made, or substantially concurrently therewith, shall make, cash equity contributions directly or indirectly to the Buyer’s acquisition vehicle on or prior to the Permitted Change of Control Effective Date in an aggregate amount equal to, when combined with the fair market value of any Equity Interests of any of the management and other existing equity holders of Holdings (or any other parent entity) and its Subsidiaries rolled over or invested in connection with such Permitted Change of Control, at least 30% of the total consolidated pro forma debt and equity capitalization of Holdings and its Subsidiaries as of the Permitted Change of Control Effective Date after giving effect thereto and all other transactions (including the repayment of Indebtedness) consummated in connection therewith; provided that after giving effect to the Permitted Change of Control on the Permitted Change of Control Effective Date, the Buyer or consortium of Buyers (together with the Permitted Holders, if and solely to the extent any of the Equity Interests of the Permitted Holders in Holdings are rolled over or invested in connection with such Permitted Change of Control) owns at least a majority of the the Equity Interests in Holdings (or any other parent entity);

 

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(vi) (x) at least 15 Business Days prior to the Permitted Change of Control Effective Date, the Issuer shall have delivered notice (which notice may be revocable) to the Trustee of such Permitted Change of Control and of the identity of the Buyer and (y) not later than three Business Days prior to the Permitted Change of Control Effective Date, the Buyer shall have provided (A) all customary information about itself or its acquisition vehicle that shall have been reasonably requested by the Controlling Party and the Trustee in writing at least 10 Business Days prior to the Permitted Change of Control Effective Date and that the Controlling Party reasonably determines is required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the USA PATRIOT Act (and, upon any request made by a Holder to the Trustee, the Trustee will provide the Holders with all such information made available to it) and (B) to the extent the Issuer qualifies as a “legal entity customer” under the Beneficial Ownership Regulation, and to the extent requested in writing by the Controlling Party at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the Issue Date, a beneficial ownership certificate in the form consistent with the beneficial ownership certification published by the Loan Syndications and Trading Association; and

(vii) the Trustee shall have received an Officer’s Certificate dated as of the date of closing of such transaction or series of related transactions signed by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer certifying that the conditions described in clauses (i) through (v) above have been satisfied.

Permitted Change of Control Costs” means all reasonable fees, costs and expenses incurred or payable by Holdings, the Issuer or any Subsidiaries in connection with a Permitted Change of Control.”

Permitted Change of Control Effective Date” means the date of consummation of a Permitted Change of Control.

Permitted Encumbrances” means:

(a) Liens for Taxes, assessments or governmental charges that are (i) not overdue for a period of the greater of (x) 30 days and (y) the applicable grace period related thereto or otherwise not at such time required to be paid pursuant to Section 4.07 or (ii) that are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person in accordance with GAAP (or other applicable accounting principles);

(b) Liens with respect to outstanding motor vehicle fines and Liens arising or imposed by law, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or construction contractors’ Liens and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business that secure amounts not overdue for a period of more than 30 days or, if more than 30 days overdue, are unfiled and no other action has been taken to enforce such Lien or that are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person in accordance with GAAP, in each case so long as such Liens do not individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect;

(c) Liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business (i) in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance, social security, retirement and other similar legislation or (ii) securing liability for reimbursement or indemnification obligations of (including obligations in respect of letters of credit or bank guarantees or similar instrument for the benefit of) insurance carriers providing property, casualty or liability insurance to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or otherwise supporting the payment of items set forth in the foregoing clause (i), whether pursuant to statutory requirements, common law or consensual arrangements;

 

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(d) Liens incurred or deposits made to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts, governmental contracts and leases, statutory obligations, surety, stay, customs and appeal bonds, return-of-money bonds, performance bonds, bankers acceptance facilities and other obligations of a like nature (including those to secure health, safety and environmental obligations) and obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments that have been posted to support the same, in each case incurred in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practices, whether pursuant to statutory requirements, common law or consensual arrangements;

(e) minor survey exceptions, minor encumbrances, covenants, conditions, easements, rights-of-way, restrictions, encroachments, protrusions, by-law, regulation or zoning restrictions, reservations of or rights of others for sewers, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines and other similar purposes and other similar encumbrances and minor title defects or irregularities affecting real property, that, in the aggregate, do not materially interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or which are set forth in the title insurance policy delivered with respect to the Mortgaged Property and are “insured over” in such insurance policy;

(f) Liens securing, or otherwise arising from, judgments not constituting an Event of Default under Section 6.01(j);

(g) Liens on goods the purchase price of which is financed by a documentary letter of credit issued for the account of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries or Liens on bills of lading, drafts or other documents of title arising by operation of law or pursuant to the standard terms of agreements relating to letters of credit, bank guarantees and other similar instruments; provided that such Lien secures only the obligations of the Issuer or such Subsidiaries in respect of such letter of credit to the extent such obligations are permitted by Section 5.01;

(h) Liens arising from precautionary Uniform Commercial Code financing statements or similar filings made in respect of operating leases entered into by the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries;

(i) rights of recapture of unused real property (other than any Mortgaged Property) in favor of the seller of such property set forth in customary purchase agreements and related arrangements with any Governmental Authority;

(j) Liens in favor of deposit banks or securities intermediaries securing customary fees, expenses or charges in connection with the establishment, operation or maintenance of deposit accounts or securities accounts;

(k) Liens in favor of obligations in respect of performance, bid, appeal and surety bonds and performance and completion guarantees and similar obligations provided by the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries or obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto, in each case in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

(l) Liens arising from grants of non-exclusive licenses or sublicenses of Intellectual Property made in the ordinary course of business;

 

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(m) rights of setoff, banker’s lien, netting agreements and other Liens arising by operation of law or by of the terms of documents of banks or other financial institutions in relation to the maintenance of administration of deposit accounts, securities accounts, cash management arrangements or in connection with the issuance of letters of credit, bank guarantees or other similar instruments;

(n) Liens arising from the right of distress enjoyed by landlords or Liens otherwise granted to landlords, in either case, to secure the payment of arrears of rent or performance of other tenant obligations in respect of leased properties, so long as such Liens are not exercised;

(o) securities to public utilities or to any Governmental Authority when required by the utility or other authority in connection with the supply of services or utilities to the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiaries;

(p) servicing agreements, development agreements, site plan agreements and other agreements with any Governmental Authority pertaining to the use or development of any of the assets of the Person, provided the same are complied with in all material respects and do not materially reduce the value of the assets of the Person or materially interfere with the use of such assets in the operation of the business of such Person;

(q) operating leases of vehicles or equipment which are entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(r) Liens securing Priority Obligations;

(s) receipt of progress payments and advances from customers in the ordinary course of business to the extent the same creates a Lien on the related inventory and proceeds thereof;

(t) any zoning, building or similar law or right reserved to or vested in any Governmental Authority to control or regulate the use of any real property; and

(u) leases, licenses, subleases or sublicenses granted to others that do not (A) interfere in any material respect with the business of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (B) secure any Indebtedness;

provided that the term “Permitted Encumbrances” shall not include any Lien securing Indebtedness for borrowed money other than Liens referred to in clauses (d) and (k) above securing obligations under letters of credit or bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto and in clause (g) above, in each case to the extent any such Lien would constitute a Lien securing Indebtedness for borrowed money.

Permitted First Priority Debt” means (a) the First Lien Facilities, (b) any First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt, (c) the Secured Cash Management Obligations (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and (d) the Secured Swap Obligations (as defined in the Credit Agreement), in each case, permitted to be incurred pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date (as it may be amended in accordance with the express terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement) and any Permitted Refinancing thereof; provided that Permitted First Priority Debt shall not include any First Lien Incremental Facilities incurred in reliance of any “no worse” prong or the Interest Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) in the Credit Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, the aggregate principal amount of the First Lien Facilities on the Issue Date (other than any Secured Cash Management Obligations and any Secured Swap Obligations) shall not exceed $2,442,500,000.

 

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Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date; provided that Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt shall not include any First Lien Incremental Facilities or any other Indebtedness secured on a pari passu basis with the First Lien Facilities and incurred under the Credit Agreement in reliance of any “no worse” prong or the Interest Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) in the Credit Agreement.

Permitted Holders” means (a) the Sponsor, (b) the Management Investors, (c) any Person who is acting solely as an underwriter in connection with a public or private offering of Equity Interests of any parent entity of the Issuer or the Issuer, acting in such capacity and (d) any group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act or any successor provision) of which any of the foregoing are members if a majority of the Equity Interests owned by the group is owned by Permitted Holders under clause (a) or (b) above.

Permitted Investments” means any of the following, to the extent owned by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary:

(a) Dollars, Euros, Canadian Dollars, pounds sterling or such other currencies held by it from time to time in the ordinary course of business;

(b) readily marketable obligations issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the government or any agency or instrumentality of (i) the United States, (ii) the United Kingdom, (iii) Canada, (iv) Switzerland or (v) any member nation of the European Union rated A (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P and A2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, having average maturities of not more than 24 months from the date of acquisition thereof; provided that the full faith and credit of such country or such member nation of the European Union is pledged in support thereof;

(c) time deposits with, or insured certificates of deposit or bankers’ acceptances of, any commercial bank that has combined capital and surplus of at least (x) $250,000,000 in the case of U.S. banks or (y) $100,000,000 in the case of non-U.S. banks, or the U.S. dollar equivalent (any such bank in the foregoing clauses (i) or (ii) being an “Approved Bank”), in each case with average maturities of not more than 12 months from the date of acquisition thereof;

(d) commercial paper and variable or fixed rate notes issued by an Approved Bank (or by the parent company thereof) or any variable or fixed rate note issued by, or guaranteed by, a corporation rated A-2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P or P-2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, in each case with average maturities of not more than 12 months from the date of acquisition thereof;

(e) repurchase agreements entered into by any Person with an Approved Bank, a bank or trust company or recognized securities dealer, in each case, having capital and surplus in excess of $250,000,000 or its equivalent for direct obligations issued by or fully guaranteed or insured by the government or any agency or instrumentality of (i) the United States, (ii) Canada, (iii) Switzerland or (iv) any member nation of the European Union rated A (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P and A2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, in which such Person shall have a perfected first priority security interest (subject to no other Liens) or title to which shall have been transferred to such Person and having, on the date of purchase thereof, a Fair Market Value of at least 100% of the amount of the repurchase obligations;

 

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(f) marketable short-term money market and similar highly liquid funds either (i) having assets in excess of $250,000,000 or its equivalent, or (ii) having a rating of at least A-2 or P-2 from either S&P or Moody’s (or, if at any time neither S&P nor Moody’s shall be rating such obligations, an equivalent rating from another nationally recognized rating service);

(g) securities with average maturities of 12 months or less from the date of acquisition issued or fully guaranteed by any state, commonwealth or territory of the United States, Canada, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, a member of the European Union or by any political subdivision or taxing authority of any such state, member, commonwealth or territory having an investment grade rating from either S&P or Moody’s (or the equivalent thereof);

(h) investments with average maturities of 12 months or less from the date of acquisition in mutual funds rated AAA- (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P or Aaa3 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s;

(i) instruments equivalent to those referred to in clauses (a) through (h) above denominated in euros or any other foreign currency comparable in credit quality and tenor to those referred to above and customarily used by corporations for cash management purposes in any jurisdiction outside the United States to the extent reasonably required in connection with any business conducted by any Subsidiary organized in such jurisdiction;

(j) investments, classified in accordance with GAAP as current assets of the Issuer or any Subsidiary, in money market investment programs that are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or that are administered by financial institutions having capital of at least $250,000,000 or its equivalent, and, in either case, the portfolios of which are limited such that substantially all of such investments are of the character, quality and maturity described in clauses (a) through (i) of this definition;

(k) with respect to any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States of America, any State, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia: (i) obligations of the national government of the country in which such Subsidiary maintains its chief executive office and principal place of business; provided such country is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, in each case maturing within one year after the date of investment therein, (ii) certificates of deposit of, bankers acceptances of, or time deposits with, any commercial bank which is organized and existing under the laws of the country in which such Subsidiary maintains its chief executive office and principal place of business; provided such country is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and whose short-term commercial paper rating from S&P is at least “A-2” or the equivalent thereof or from Moody’s is at least “P-2” or the equivalent thereof (any such bank being an “Approved Foreign Bank”), and in each case with maturities of not more than 24 months from the date of acquisition and (iii) the equivalent of demand deposit accounts which are maintained with an Approved Foreign Bank; and

(l) investment funds investing at least 90% of their assets in securities of the types described in clauses (a) through (k) above.

 

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Permitted Refinancing” means, with respect to any Person, any modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension of any Indebtedness of such Person; provided that (a) the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) thereof does not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness so modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended except by an amount equal to unpaid accrued interest and premium thereon plus other amounts paid, and fees and expenses incurred, in connection with such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension and by an amount equal to any existing commitments unutilized thereunder; provided that the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) may exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness so modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended to the extent such excess amount (and the terms thereof) is otherwise permitted to be incurred under Section 5.01, (b) other than with respect to a Permitted Refinancing in respect of Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 5.01(a)(v), Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension has a final maturity date equal to or later than the final maturity date of, and has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of, the remaining term of the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended (provided, however, that, if such Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension constitutes term loans, amortization of such term loans, to the extent that it does not exceed 1.0% per annum, shall be disregarded in calculating the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such term loans), (c) immediately after giving effect thereto, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (d) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations, Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations on terms at least as favorable to the Holders as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended, (e) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is permitted pursuant to Section 5.01(a)(xxi) or (a)(xxii), such Indebtedness complies with the Required Additional Debt Terms, (f) the terms and conditions (including, if applicable, as to collateral but excluding as to subordination, interest rate (including whether such interest is payable in cash or in kind), rate floors, fees, discounts and redemption premium) of Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension are not, taken as a whole, materially less favorable to the Note Parties or the Holders than the terms and conditions of the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended (except for covenants or other provisions applicable to periods after the Final Maturity Date at the time such Indebtedness is incurred) (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Permitted Refinancing, the terms shall not be considered materially less favorable if such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (A) also added or modified for the benefit of any Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of such Permitted Refinancing or (B) only applicable after the Final Maturity Date at the time of such refinancing); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer delivered to the Trustee and the Holders at least five (5) Business Days prior to such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or drafts of the documentation relating thereto, stating that the Issuer has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement and (ii) the primary obligor in respect of, and/or the Persons (if any) that Guarantee, the Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension are the primary obligor in respect of, and/or Persons (if any) that Guaranteed the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended and (g) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is permitted pursuant to Section 5.01(a)(vii) or (a)(ix), the Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension is (x) unsecured if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is unsecured

 

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or (y) not secured on a more favorable basis than the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended if such Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is secured. For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that (x) notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, in the case of any Indebtedness incurred to modify, refinance, refunding, extend, renew or replace Indebtedness initially incurred in reliance on and measured by reference to a percentage of Consolidated EBITDA at the time of incurrence, and such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement would cause the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA to be exceeded if calculated based on the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA on the date of such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement, such percentage of Consolidated EBITDA restriction shall not be deemed to be exceeded so long as such incurrence otherwise constitutes a “Permitted Refinancing” and (y) a Permitted Refinancing may constitute a portion of an issuance of Indebtedness in excess of the amount of such Permitted Refinancing, provided that such excess includes successive Permitted Refinancings of the same Indebtedness.

Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt” means any secured Indebtedness incurred by the Issuer and/or any Subsidiary Note Party (and any Guarantee thereof by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent) in the form of one or more series of second lien secured notes or second lien secured loans; provided that (i) such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Notes Obligations, (ii) such Indebtedness constitutes Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness, (iii) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the maturity of the Refinanced Debt, (iv) such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party, (v) the security agreements relating to such Indebtedness are on substantially the same terms as the Security Documents (with such differences as are reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party) and (vi) a Senior Representative acting on behalf of the holders of such Indebtedness shall have become party to (x) a Customary Intercreditor Agreement in the form of a Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement providing that the liens on the Collateral securing such obligations shall rank equal in priority to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations, (y) the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or (z) if applicable, a Third Lien Intercreditor Agreement. Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt will include any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor.

Permitted Third Priority Refinancing Debt” means any secured Indebtedness incurred by the Issuer and/or any Subsidiary Note Party in the form of one or more series of junior lien secured notes or junior lien secured loans; provided that (i) such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a junior lien basis to the Notes Obligations and the obligations in respect of any Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt, (ii) such Indebtedness constitutes Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness and (iii) a Senior Representative acting on behalf of the holders of such Indebtedness shall have become party to a Third Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or a Customary Intercreditor Agreement, as applicable. Permitted Third Priority Refinancing Debt will include any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor.

Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt” means any unsecured Indebtedness incurred by the Issuer and/or any Note Party in the form of one or more series of senior unsecured notes or senior unsecured loans; provided that (i) such Indebtedness constitutes Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness, (ii) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the maturity of the Refinanced Debt, (iii) if such Indebtedness is guaranteed, such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party, and (iv) such Indebtedness is not secured by any Lien on any property or assets of Holdings, Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary. Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt will include any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor.

 

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Person” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.

PIK Toggle Notes” means the $425,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 8.125% / 8.875% Senior PIK Toggle Notes due 2021 issued by Sotera Health Topco, Inc. (formerly Sotera Health Topco, LLC) (“Topco”) pursuant to the indenture dated as of November 1, 2016, as supplemented by the first supplemental indenture dated as of November 24, 2017, between Topco and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.

Plan” means any employee pension benefit plan as such term is defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA (other than a Multiemployer Plan) subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, and in respect of which a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate is an “employer” as defined in Section 3(5) of ERISA.

Post-Transaction Period” means, with respect to any Specified Transaction, the period beginning on the date such Specified Transaction is consummated and ending on the last day of the eighth full consecutive fiscal quarter immediately following the date on which such Specified Transaction is consummated.

Priority Obligation” means any obligation that is secured by a Lien on any Collateral in favor of a Governmental Authority, which Lien ranks or is capable of ranking prior to or pari passu with the Liens created thereon by the applicable Security Documents, including any such Lien securing amounts owing for wages, vacation pay, severance pay, employee deductions, sales tax, excise tax, other Taxes, workers’ compensation, governmental royalties and stumpage or pension fund obligations.

Private Placement Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.06(g)(i) hereof to be placed on all Notes issued under this Indenture, except where otherwise permitted by the provisions of this Indenture.

Pro Forma Adjustment” means, for any Test Period that includes all or any part of a fiscal quarter included in any Post-Transaction Period with respect to the Acquired EBITDA of the applicable Pro Forma Entity or the Consolidated EBITDA of the Issuer, the pro forma increase or decrease in such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, projected by the Issuer in good faith as a result of (a) actions taken, prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period, for the purposes of realizing reasonably identifiable and quantifiable cost savings, or (b) any additional costs incurred prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period in connection with the combination of the operations of such Pro Forma Entity with the operations of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that (A) so long as such actions are taken prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period or such costs are incurred prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period it may be assumed, for purposes of projecting such pro forma increase or decrease to such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, that such cost savings will be realizable during the entirety of such Test Period, or such additional costs will be incurred during the entirety of such Test Period, (B) any Pro Forma Adjustment to Consolidated EBITDA shall be certified by a Financial Officer, the chief executive officer or president of the Issuer and (C) any such pro forma increase or decrease to such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, shall be without duplication for cost savings or additional costs already included in such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, for such Test Period.

Pro Forma Basis,” “Pro Forma Compliance” and “Pro Forma Effect” mean, with respect to compliance with any test, financial ratio or covenant hereunder required by the terms of this Indenture to be made on a Pro Forma Basis or after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, that (a) to the extent applicable,

 

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the Pro Forma Adjustment shall have been made and (b) all Specified Transactions and the following transactions in connection therewith that have been made during the applicable period of measurement or subsequent to such period and prior to or simultaneously with the event for which the calculation is made shall be deemed to have occurred as of the first day of the applicable period of measurement in such test, financial ratio or covenant: (i) income statement items (whether positive or negative) attributable to the property or Person subject to such Specified Transaction, (A) in the case of a Disposition of all or substantially all Equity Interests in any subsidiary of Holdings or any division, product line, or facility used for operations of Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries, shall be excluded and (B) in the case of a Permitted Acquisition or Investment described in the definition of “Specified Transaction,” shall be included, (ii) any retirement of Indebtedness, and (iii) any Indebtedness incurred or assumed by Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries in connection therewith and if such Indebtedness has a floating or formula rate, shall have an implied rate of interest for the applicable period for purposes of this definition determined by utilizing the rate that is or would be in effect with respect to such Indebtedness as at the relevant date of determination and interest on any Indebtedness under a revolving credit facility computed on a pro forma basis shall be computed based upon the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during the applicable period; provided that, without limiting the application of the Pro Forma Adjustment pursuant to clause (a) above, the foregoing pro forma adjustments may be applied to any such test or covenant solely to the extent that such adjustments are consistent with the definition of Consolidated EBITDA and give effect to operating expense reductions that are (i) (x) directly attributable to such transaction, (y) expected to have a continuing impact on Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries and (z) factually supportable or (ii) otherwise consistent with the definition of Pro Forma Adjustment. References herein to Pro Forma Compliance or compliance on a Pro Forma Basis with the Financial Performance Covenant shall mean Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant whether or not then in effect.

Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment” means, for any Test Period that includes all or a portion of a fiscal quarter included in any Post-Transaction Period with respect to any Sold Entity or Business, the pro forma increase or decrease in Consolidated EBITDA projected by the Issuer in good faith as a result of contractual arrangements between the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary entered into with such Sold Entity or Business at the time of its disposal or within the Post-Transaction Period and which represent an increase or decrease in Consolidated EBITDA which is incremental to the Disposed EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business for the most recent Test Period prior to its disposal.

Purchaser” means (a) each Initial Purchaser and (b) each Related Purchaser (if any).

QIB” means a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A.

Qualified Equity Interests” means Equity Interests of Holdings or the Issuer other than Disqualified Equity Interests.

Qualified Securitization Facility” means any Securitization Facility that meets the following conditions: (a) the board of directors of the Issuer shall have determined in good faith that such Securitization Facility (including financing terms, covenants, termination events and other provisions) is in the aggregate economically fair and reasonable to the Issuer and the applicable Securitization Subsidiary and (b) the financing terms, covenants, termination events and other provisions thereof shall be market terms (as determined in good faith by the Issuer).

Record Date” for the interest payable on any applicable Interest Payment Date means March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 (whether or not a Business Day) next preceding such Interest Payment Date.

 

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Refinancing” means (a) the refinancing of all indebtedness of the Issuer under the Credit Agreement dated as of May 15, 2015, as amended as of August 18, 2015, April 4, 2017, June 30, 2017, October 31, 2017, November 24, 2017, April 2, 2019, April 12, 2019 and as of August 5, 2019 and as may be further amended, restated, or otherwise modified on or prior to the date hereof, among Holdings, the Issuer, the lenders party thereto, Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent, (b) the receipt by the Credit Agreement Agent of reasonably satisfactory evidence of the discharge (or the making of arrangements for discharge) of all commitments and Liens thereunder (other than Liens permitted by Section 6.02) and (c) redemption of the Existing Notes; it being agreed that the delivery of customary duly executed payoff and release letters to the Credit Agreement Agent shall be satisfactory evidence.

Refinancing Facility” means Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness incurred under the Credit Agreement and issued, incurred or otherwise obtained by the Issuer (including by means of the extension or renewal of existing Indebtedness) in exchange for, or to extend, renew, replace or refinance, in whole or part, Term Loans or Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement; provided that such exchanging, extending, renewing, replacing or refinancing Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness (a) is in an original aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans or Revolving Commitments being refinanced, exchanged, extended, renewed or replaced (plus any premium, accrued interest and fees and expenses incurred in connection with such exchange, extension, renewal, replacement or refinancing), (b) does not mature earlier than or, other than in the case of a Refinancing Facility in respect of the Revolving Commitments, have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity shorter than the remaining term of the Term Loans or Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement being exchanged, extended, renewed, replaced or refinanced, (c) will be unsecured or will rank pari passu or junior in right of payment and of security with the Notes, (d) will have such pricing and optional prepayment terms as may be reasonably agreed by the Issuer and the lenders thereof and (e) the Net Proceeds of such Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness shall be applied, substantially concurrently with the incurrence thereof, to the prepayment of outstanding Term Loans or reduction of Revolving Commitments being so refinanced, as the case may be.

Regulation S” means Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act.

Regulation S Global Note” means a Regulation S Temporary Global Note or Regulation S Permanent Global Note, as applicable.

Regulation S Permanent Global Note” means a permanent Global Note in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Note Legend and the Private Placement Legend and deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Regulation S Temporary Global Note upon expiration of the Restricted Period.

Regulation S Temporary Global Note” means a temporary Global Note in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Note Legend, the Private Placement Legend and the Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend and deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes initially sold or to be sold in reliance on Rule 903.

Registered Equivalent Notes” means, with respect to any notes originally issued in a Rule 144A or other private placement transaction under the Securities Act of 1933, substantially identical notes (having the same Guarantees) issued in a dollar-for-dollar exchange therefor pursuant to an exchange offer registered with the SEC.

 

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Related Purchasers” means (a) each affiliated investment entity and/or other affiliate of an Account and (b) each fund, investor, entity or account that is managed, sponsored or advised by an Account or its affiliates that, in each case of clauses (a) and (b), executes the Note Purchase Agreement or a counterpart to the Note Purchase Agreement pursuant to Section 9.2(c) thereof (or otherwise becomes a Beneficial Owner of Notes) or to which any Notes (or beneficial interests therein) or commitments to purchase Notes are transferred or assigned.

Release” means any release, spill, emission, leaking, dumping, injection, pouring, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migration into or through the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) and including the environment within any building, or any occupied structure, facility or fixture.

Required Additional Debt Terms” means with respect to any Indebtedness, (a) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date), (b) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default or, if term loans, excess cash flow prepayments applicable to periods before the Final Maturity Date) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the Final Maturity Date, (c) such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party and (d) such Indebtedness that is secured (i) is not secured by any assets not securing the Notes Obligations, (ii) is subject to the relevant First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or a Customary Intercreditor Agreement(s), as applicable; provided that the conditions in clauses (a) and (b) shall not apply to an ABL Facility.

Required Amount” means more than 50% of the aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.

Required Holders” means Holders of the Required Amount.

Requirements of Law” means, with respect to any Person, any statutes, laws, treaties, rules, regulations, statutory instruments, orders, decrees, writs, injunctions or determinations of any arbitrator or court or other Governmental Authority, in each case applicable to or binding upon such Person or any of its property or to which such Person or any of its property is subject.

Responsible Officer” means (i) when used with respect to the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, any officer within the corporate trust department of the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, assistant treasurer, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter relating to this Indenture is referred because of such Person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who, in each case, shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture, and (ii) when used with respect to a Note Party, the chief executive officer, president, vice president, chief financial officer, treasurer or assistant treasurer, or other similar officer, manager or a member of the Board of Directors of a Note Party and with respect to certain limited liability companies or partnerships that do not have officers, any manager, sole member, managing member or general partner thereof, and as to any document delivered on the Issue Date or thereafter pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” any secretary or assistant secretary of a Note Party. Any document delivered hereunder that is signed by a Responsible Officer of a Note Party shall be conclusively presumed to have been authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership and/or other action on the part of such Note Party and such Responsible Officer shall be conclusively presumed to have acted on behalf of such Note Party.

 

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Restricted Definitive Note” means a Definitive Note bearing the Private Placement Legend.

Restricted Global Note” means a Global Note bearing the Private Placement Legend.

Restricted Payment” means any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) with respect to any Equity Interests in the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, or any payment (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Equity Interests in the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any option, warrant or other right to acquire any such Equity Interests in the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary.

Restricted Period” means the 40-day distribution compliance period as defined in Regulation S.

Restricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of the Issuer, other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Revolving Commitment” means the commitments of lenders or other creditors to make revolving loans and acquire participations in letters of credit and/or swingline loans under the Credit Agreement.

Revolving Loans” means revolving loans, swingline loans and reimbursement obligations in respect of letters of credit pursuant to Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement.

S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC business, and any successor to its rating agency business.

Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act.

Rule 144A” means Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act.

Rule 903” means Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities Act.

Rule 904” means Rule 904 promulgated under the Securities Act.

SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any of its principal functions.

Second Lien Collateral Agreement” means the Second Lien Collateral Agreement among the Note Parties party thereto and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit G.

Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement” means the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit H-2 among the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and one or more Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Notes Obligations.

 

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Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent” means Wilmington Trust, National Association, in its capacity as collateral agent under the Notes Documents, until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and thereafter means such successor.

Secured Parties” means (a) each Holder, (b) the Trustee, (c) the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, (d) each Purchaser, (e) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by any Note Party under any Notes Document and (f) the permitted successors and assigns of each of the foregoing.

Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.

Securitization Assets” means the accounts receivable, royalty and other similar rights to payment and any other assets related thereto subject to a Qualified Securitization Facility that are customarily sold or pledged in connection with securitization transactions and the proceeds thereof.

Securitization Facility” means any of one or more receivables securitization financing facilities as amended, supplemented, modified, extended, renewed, restated or refunded from time to time, the obligations of which are non-recourse (except for customary representations, warranties and indemnities made in connection with such facilities) to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than a Securitization Subsidiary) pursuant to which the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary sells or grants a security interest in its accounts receivable or assets related thereto that are customarily sold or pledged in connection with securitization transactions to either (a) a Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary or (b) a Securitization Subsidiary that in turn sells its accounts receivable to a Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary.

Securitization Fees” means distributions or payments made directly or by means of discounts with respect to any participation interest issued or sold in connection with, and other fees paid to a Person that is not a Securitization Subsidiary in connection with, any Qualified Securitization Facility.

Securitization Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary formed for the purpose of, and that solely engages only in one or more Qualified Securitization Facilities and other activities reasonably related thereto.

Security Documents” means the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the Mortgages, the Intellectual Property Security Agreements and each other security agreement or pledge agreement executed and delivered pursuant to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, Section 4.05 or 4.14 to secure any of the Notes Obligations.

Senior Debt Documents” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

Senior Notes” means the $450,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 6.500% Senior Notes due 2023 issued by the Issuer (formerly Sotera Health Holdings, LLC) pursuant to the indenture dated as of May 15, 2015 among the Issuer, the guarantors named on the signature pages thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.

Senior Representative” means, with respect to any series of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral on a pari passu or junior basis to the Notes Obligations, the trustee, administrative agent, collateral agent, security agent or similar agent under the indenture or agreement pursuant to which such Indebtedness is issued, incurred or otherwise obtained, as the case may be, and each of their successors in such capacities.

 

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Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Senior Secured First Lien Net Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period.

Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Senior Secured Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period.

Settlement” means the transfer of cash or other property with respect to any credit or debit card charge, check or other instrument, electronic funds transfer, or other type of paper-based or electronic payment, transfer, or charge transaction for which a Person acts as a processor, remitter, funds recipient or funds transmitter in the ordinary course of its business.

Settlement Asset” means any cash, receivable or other property, including a Settlement Receivable, due or conveyed to a Person in consideration for a Settlement made or arranged, or to be made or arranged, by such Person or an Affiliate of such Person.

Settlement Indebtedness” means any payment or reimbursement obligation in respect of a Settlement Payment.

Settlement Lien” means any Lien relating to any Settlement or Settlement Indebtedness (and may include, for the avoidance of doubt, the grant of a Lien in or other assignment of a Settlement Asset in consideration of a Settlement Payment, Liens securing intraday and overnight overdraft and automated clearing house exposure, and similar Liens).

Settlement Payment” means the transfer, or contractual undertaking (including by automated clearing house transaction) to effect a transfer, of cash or other property to effect a Settlement.

Settlement Receivable” means any general intangible, payment intangible, or instrument representing or reflecting an obligation to make payments to or for the benefit of a Person in consideration for a Settlement made or arranged, or to be made or arranged, by such Person.

Sold Entity or Business” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of the term “Consolidated EBITDA.”

Specified Event of Default” means an Event of Default under Section 6.01(a), (b), (h) or (i).

Specified Transaction” means, with respect to any period, any Investment, Permitted Change of Control, sale, transfer or other disposition of assets, incurrence or repayment of Indebtedness, Restricted Payment, subsidiary designation, New Project or other event that by the terms of the Notes Documents requires “Pro Forma Compliance” with a test or covenant hereunder or requires such test or covenant to be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto.

Sponsor” means Warburg Pincus LLC, GTCR LLC and each of their respective Affiliates, but not including, however, any portfolio companies of the foregoing.

Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Issuer (unless otherwise specified).

 

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Subsidiary Note Party” means each Subsidiary of the Issuer that is a party to this Indenture.

Swap Agreement” means (a) any and all rate swap transactions, basis swaps, credit derivative transactions, forward rate transactions, commodity swaps, commodity options, forward commodity contracts, equity or equity index swaps or options, bond or bond price or bond index swaps or options or forward bond or forward bond price or forward bond index transactions, interest rate options, forward foreign exchange transactions, cap transactions, floor transactions, collar transactions, currency swap transactions, cross-currency rate swap transactions, currency options, spot contracts, or any other similar transactions or any combination of any of the foregoing (including any options to enter into any of the foregoing), whether or not any such transaction is governed by or subject to any master agreement, and (b) any and all transactions of any kind, and the related confirmations, which are subject to the terms and conditions of, or governed by, any form of master agreement published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., any International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement, or any other master agreement (any such master agreement, together with any related schedules, a “Master Agreement”), including any such obligations or liabilities under any Master Agreement.

Taxes” means any and all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, charges or withholdings imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

Term Loans” means term loans incurred pursuant to the Credit Agreement.

Test Period” means, at any date of determination, the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of the Issuer then last ended as of such time for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to Section 4.01(a) or (b), for all other purposes in this Indenture, the most recent twelve consecutive months of the Issuer ended on or prior to such time, in respect of which the financial information necessary to calculate the relevant ratio is internally available.

Third Lien Intercreditor Agreement” means a Third Lien Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, mutatis mutandis to reflect the relationship between second lien security interests and third lien security interests and a customary “standstill” provision between second lien secured parties and third lien secured parties (which shall terminate later than the “standstill” provision applicable to second lien secured parties under the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement), among the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and one or more Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral, with such modifications thereto as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Issuer and the Controlling Party may reasonably agree.

Total Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Total Net Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period.

Trademark” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement.

Transaction Costs” means all fees, costs and expenses incurred or payable by Holdings, the Issuer or any other Subsidiary in connection with the Transactions.

Transactions” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

 

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Treasury Rate” means the weekly average for each Business Day during the most recent week that has ended at least two Business Days prior to the Redemption Date of the yield to maturity at the time of computation of United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity (as compiled and published in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (or, if such statistical release is not so published or available, any publicly available source of similar market data selected by the Issuer in good faith)) most nearly equal to the period from the Redemption Date to December 13, 2020; provided, however, that if the period from the Redemption Date to December 13, 2020 is not equal to the constant maturity of a United States Treasury security for which a yield is given, the Treasury Rate shall be obtained by linear interpolation (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth of a year) from the yields of United States Treasury securities for which such yields are given, except that if the period from the Redemption Date to such applicable date is less than one year, the weekly average yield on actually traded United States Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year shall be used.

Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended from time to time.

Trustee” means Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee, until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder.

UCC” or “Uniform Commercial Code” means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time in the State of New York; provided, however, that, at any time, if by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the perfection or priority of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s security interest in any item or portion of the Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a U.S. jurisdiction other than the State of New York, the term “UCC” and “Uniform Commercial Code” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect, at such time, in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection or priority and for purposes of definitions relating to such provisions.

Unrestricted Definitive Note” means one or more Definitive Notes that do not bear and are not required to bear the Private Placement Legend.

Unrestricted Global Note” means a permanent Global Note, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto that bears the Global Note Legend and that has the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto, and that is deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary, representing Notes that do not bear the Private Placement Legend.

Unrestricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary designated by the Issuer as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to Section 4.15 subsequent to the Issue Date.

U.S. Person” means a U.S. Person as defined in Rule 902(k) promulgated under the Securities Act.

U.S.A. PATRIOT Act” means the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, as amended from time to time.

Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing: (a) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (i) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, by (ii) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by (b) the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness.

 

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Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary that is a Wholly Owned Subsidiary.

Wholly Owned Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person at any date, a subsidiary of such Person of which securities or other ownership interests representing 100% of the Equity Interests (other than (a) directors’ qualifying shares and (b) nominal shares issued to foreign nationals to the extent required by applicable Requirements of Law) are, as of such date, owned, controlled or held by such Person or one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person.

Withdrawal Liability” means liability to a Multiemployer Plan as a result of a complete or partial withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan, as such terms are defined in Part I of Subtitle E of Title IV of ERISA.

Section 1.02 Other Definitions.

 

Term

   Defined in Section

“Acquired Debt”

   5.01(a)(xvii)(A)

“Acquired Entity or Business”

   “Consolidated EBITDA”

“Adjusted LIBOR Rate”

   Exhibit A

“Applicable Rate”

   Exhibit A

“Approved Bank”

   “Permitted Investments”

“Approved Foreign Bank”

   “Permitted Investments”

“Authentication Order”

   2.02

“ASU”

   Capital Lease Obligations

“Calculation Agent”

   13.17

“Converted Restricted Subsidiary”

   “Consolidated EBITDA”

“Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary”

   “Consolidated EBITDA”

“Covenant Defeasance”

   8.03

“Dispose” and “Disposition”

   5.05

“DTC”

   2.03

“Event of Default”

   6.01

“Fixed Amount”

   1.04(p)

“Guaranteed Obligations”

   10.01

“Incurrence Based Amount”

   1.04(p)

“Indemnitee”

   7.07

“Initial Credit Agreement Agent”

   “Credit Agreement”

“Initial Holdings”

   Preamble

“Interest Payment Date”

   Exhibit A

“Interest Period”

   Exhibit A

“LCT Election”

   1.06

“LCT Test Date”

   1.06

“Legal Defeasance”

   8.02

“Master Agreement”

   “Swap Agreement”

“Note Register”

   2.03

 

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Term

   Defined in Section

“Offer Amount”

   3.09(d)

“Offer Period”

   3.09(d)

“Pari Passu Indebtedness”

   3.09(d)

“Paying Agent”

   2.03

“Pro Forma Entity”

   “Acquired EBITDA”

“Purchase Date”

   3.09(d)

“Redemption Date”

   3.09(a)

“Redemption Offer”

   3.09(d)

“Refinanced Debt”

   “Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness”

“Registrar”

   2.03

“Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend”

   2.06(g)(iii)

“Retained Declined Proceeds”

   3.09(d)

“Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt”

   5.01(a)(xxii)

“Starter Basket”

   “Available Amount”

“Tax Distributions”

   5.07(a)(vii)(A)

“Tax Group”

   5.07(a)(vii)(A)

Section 1.03 Incorporation by Reference of Certain Provisions of the Trust Indenture Act.

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the Trust Indenture Act, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture.

The following Trust Indenture Act term used in this Indenture has the following meaning:

obligor” on the Notes and the Notes Guarantees means the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors, respectively, and any successor obligor upon the Notes and the Notes Guarantees, respectively.

All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act, defined by Trust Indenture Act reference to another statute or defined by SEC rules under the Trust Indenture Act have the meanings so assigned to them.

Section 1.04 Rules of Construction.

Unless the context otherwise requires, for purposes of this Indenture and the other Notes Documents:

(a) a term has the meaning assigned to it;

(b) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

(c) “or” is not exclusive;

(d) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;

 

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(e) “will” shall be interpreted to express a command (and shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”);

(f) provisions apply to successive events and transactions;

(g) references to sections of, or rules under, the Securities Act shall be deemed to include substitute, replacement or successor sections or rules adopted by the SEC from time to time;

(h) unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an “Article,” “Section,” “clause” or “Exhibit” refers to an Article, Section, clause or Exhibit, as the case may be, of this Indenture;

(i) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not any particular Article, Section, clause, other subdivision or Exhibit;

(j) whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms;

(k) the words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”;

(l) unless the context requires otherwise, (a) unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, any definition of or reference to any agreement (including this Indenture and the other Notes Documents), instrument or other document herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, restatements, supplements or other modifications set forth herein), (b) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns (subject to any restrictions on assignment set forth herein) and, in the case of any Governmental Authority, any other Governmental Authority that shall have succeeded to any or all functions thereof, (c) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Indenture in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof, (d) all references herein to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, this Indenture and (e) the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights;

(m) all accounting terms not specifically or completely defined herein shall be construed in conformity with, and all financial data (including financial ratios and other financial calculations) required to be submitted pursuant to this Indenture shall be prepared in conformity with, GAAP, applied in a manner consistent with that used in preparing the Audited Financial Statements, except as otherwise specifically prescribed herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all obligations of Holdings, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries that are or would have been treated as operating leases for purposes of GAAP prior to the issuance on February 25, 2016 of the ASU shall continue to be accounted for as operating leases for purposes of all financial definitions and calculations for purposes of the Notes Documents (whether or not such operating lease obligations were in effect on such date) notwithstanding the fact that such obligations are required in accordance with the ASU (on a prospective or retroactive basis or otherwise) to be treated as capitalized lease obligations in the financial statements to be delivered pursuant to the Notes Documents;

 

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(n) notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, for purposes of determining compliance with any test contained in this Indenture, the Total Net Leverage Ratio, the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio and any other financial ratio or test shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis, including to give effect to all Specified Transactions that have been made during the applicable period of measurement or subsequent to such period and prior to or simultaneously with the event for which the calculation is made, and in making any determination on a Pro Forma Basis, such calculations shall be made in good faith by a Financial Officer and shall be conclusive absent manifest error;

(o) for purposes of determining compliance with any of the covenants set forth in Article 4 or Article 5 (including in connection with any First Lien Incremental Facility) at any time (whether at the time of incurrence or thereafter), any Lien, Investment, Indebtedness, Restricted Payment, Disposition or Affiliate transaction meets the criteria of one, or more than one, of the categories permitted pursuant to Article 4 or Article 5 (including in connection with any First Lien Incremental Facility), the Issuer (i) shall in its sole discretion determine under which category such Lien (other than Liens securing the Notes Obligations and the Liens securing the Permitted Second Priority Debt incurred on the Issue Date), Investment, Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness incurred under the First Lien Loan Documents and the Permitted Second Priority Debt incurred under the Second Lien Loan Documents on the Issue Date), Disposition, Restricted Payment or Affiliate transaction (or, in each case, any portion there) is permitted and (ii) shall be permitted, in its sole discretion, to make any redetermination and/or to divide, classify or reclassify under which category or categories such Lien, Investment, Indebtedness, Disposition, Restricted Payment or Affiliate transaction is permitted from time to time as it may determine and without notice to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder, so long as at the time of such redesignation the Issuer would be permitted to incur such Lien, Investment, Indebtedness or Restricted Payment under such category or categories, as applicable. For the avoidance of doubt, if the applicable date for meeting any requirement hereunder or under any other Notes Document falls on a day that is not a Business Day, compliance with such requirement shall not be required until noon on the first Business Day following such applicable date; and

(p) notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, with respect to any amounts incurred or transactions entered into (or consummated) in reliance on a provision of this Indenture that does not require compliance with a financial ratio or test (including, without limitation, any Total Net Leverage Ratio, Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio and/or Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio) (any such amounts, the “Fixed Amounts”) substantially concurrently with any amounts incurred or transactions entered into (or consummated) in reliance on a provision of this Indenture that requires compliance with any such financial ratio or test (any such amounts, the “Incurrence Based Amounts”), it is understood and agreed that the Fixed Amounts (and any cash proceeds thereof) shall be disregarded in the calculation of the financial ratio or test applicable to the Incurrence Based Amounts in connection with such substantially concurrent incurrence, except that incurrences of Indebtedness and Liens constituting Fixed Amounts shall be taken into account for purposes of Incurrence Based Amounts other than Incurrence Based Amounts contained in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02.

Section 1.05 Acts of Holders.

(a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing. Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments or record or both are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Issuer. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or the holding by any Person of a Note, shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 7.01) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Issuer, if made in the manner provided in this Section 1.05.

 

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(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by the certificate of any notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by or on behalf of any legal entity other than an individual, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute proof of the authority of the Person executing the same. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient.

(c) The ownership of Notes shall be proved by the Note Register.

(d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action by the Holder of any Note shall bind every future Holder of the same Note and the Holder of every Note issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof, in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by the Trustee or the Issuer in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Note.

(e) The Issuer may, in the circumstances permitted by the Trust Indenture Act, set a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders entitled to give any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or take any other act, or to vote or consent to any action by vote or consent authorized or permitted to be given or taken by Holders. Unless otherwise specified, if not set by the Issuer prior to the first solicitation of a Holder made by any Person in respect of any such action, or in the case of any such vote, prior to such vote, any such record date shall be the later of 30 days prior to the first solicitation of such consent or the date of the most recent list of Holders furnished to the Trustee prior to such solicitation.

(f) Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Note may do so with regard to all or any part of the principal amount of such Note or by one or more duly appointed agents, each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any part of such principal amount. Any notice given or action taken by a Holder or its agents with regard to different parts of such principal amount pursuant to this Section 1.05(f) shall have the same effect as if given or taken by separate Holders of each such different part.

(g) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, a Holder, including DTC that is the Holder of a Global Note, may make, give or take, by a proxy or proxies duly appointed in writing, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided in this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders, and DTC that is the Holder of a Global Note may provide its proxy or proxies to the Beneficial Owners of interests in any such Global Note through such depositary’s standing instructions and customary practices.

(h) The Issuer may fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Persons who are Beneficial Owners of interests in any Global Note held by DTC entitled under the procedures of such depositary to make, give or take, by a proxy or proxies duly appointed in writing, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided in this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders. If such a record date is fixed, the Holders on such record date or their duly appointed proxy or proxies, and only such Persons, shall be entitled to make, give or take such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date. No such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action shall be valid or effective if made, given or taken more than 90 days after such record date.

 

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Section 1.06 Limited Condition Transactions. Notwithstanding anything in this Indenture or any Notes Document to the contrary, when calculating any applicable ratio, the amount or availability of the Incremental Cap, the amount or availability of the Available Amount or any other basket based on Consolidated EBITDA or total assets, or determining other compliance with this Indenture (including the determination of compliance with any provision of this Indenture which requires that no Default or Event of Default has occurred, is continuing or would result therefrom) in connection with the consummation of a Limited Condition Transaction, the date of determination of such ratio, the amount or availability of the Incremental Cap, the amount or availability of the Available Amount or any other basket based on Consolidated EBITDA or total assets, and determination of whether any Default or Event of Default has occurred, is continuing or would result therefrom or other applicable covenant shall, at the option of the Issuer (the Issuer’s election to exercise such option in connection with any Limited Condition Transaction, an “LCT Election”), be deemed to be the date the definitive agreements for such Limited Condition Transaction are entered into (or, in respect of any transaction described in clause (b) of the definition of Limited Condition Transaction, delivery of irrevocable notice or similar event) (the “LCT Test Date”) and if, after such ratios and other provisions are measured on a Pro Forma Basis after giving effect to such Limited Condition Transaction and the other Specified Transactions to be entered into in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) as if they occurred at the beginning of the applicable Test Period ending prior to the LCT Test Date, the Issuer could have taken such action on the relevant LCT Test Date in compliance with such ratios and provisions, such provisions shall be deemed to have been complied with; provided that at the option of the Issuer, the relevant ratios and baskets may be recalculated at the time of consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction. For the avoidance of doubt, (x) if any of such ratios or baskets are exceeded as a result of fluctuations in such ratio or basket (including due to fluctuations in Consolidated EBITDA of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries or fluctuations of the target of any Limited Condition Transaction) at or prior to the consummation of the relevant Limited Condition Transaction, such ratios and other provisions will not be deemed to have been exceeded as a result of such fluctuations solely for purposes of determining whether the Limited Condition Transaction is permitted hereunder and (y) such ratios and other provisions shall not be tested at the time of consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction or related Specified Transactions. If the Issuer has made an LCT Election for any Limited Condition Transaction, then in connection with any subsequent calculation of any ratio or basket availability with respect to any other Specified Transaction on or following the relevant LCT Test Date and prior to the earlier of the date on which such Limited Condition Transaction is consummated or the date that the definitive agreement for such Limited Condition Transaction is terminated or expires without consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction (or, if applicable, the irrevocable notice or similar event is terminated or expires), any such ratio or basket shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis assuming such Limited Condition Transaction and other transactions in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) have been consummated until such time as the applicable Limited Condition Transaction has actually closed or the definitive agreement with respect thereto has been terminated or expires.

ARTICLE 2

THE NOTES

Section 2.01 Form and Dating; Terms.

(a) General. The Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto. The Notes may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rules or usage. Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication. The Notes shall be in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

 

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(b) Global Notes. Notes issued in global form shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto (including the Global Note Legend thereon and the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto). Notes issued in definitive form shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto (but without the Global Note Legend thereon and without the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto). Each Global Note shall represent such of the outstanding Notes as shall be specified in the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto and each shall provide that it shall represent up to the aggregate principal amount of Notes from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby may from time to time be reduced or increased, as applicable, to reflect exchanges and redemptions. Any endorsement of a Global Note to reflect the amount of any increase or decrease in the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee or the Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, in accordance with Section 2.06 hereof.

(c) Temporary Global Notes. Notes offered and sold in reliance on Regulation S shall be issued initially in the form of the Regulation S Temporary Global Note, which shall be deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the Notes represented thereby with the Trustee, as custodian for the Depositary, and registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of the Depositary for the accounts of designated agents holding on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, duly executed by the Issuer and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided.

Following the termination of the Restricted Period, beneficial interests in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note shall be exchanged for beneficial interests in the Regulation S Permanent Global Note pursuant to the Applicable Procedures. Simultaneously with the authentication of the Regulation S Permanent Global Note, the Trustee shall cancel the Regulation S Temporary Global Note. The aggregate principal amount of the Regulation S Temporary Global Note and the Regulation S Permanent Global Note may from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Trustee and the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, in connection with transfers of interest as hereinafter provided.

(d) Terms.

(i) The aggregate principal amount of Notes that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is limited to $770,000,000.

(ii) The terms and provisions contained in the Notes shall constitute, and are hereby expressly made, a part of this Indenture and the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, by their execution and delivery of this Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be bound thereby. However, to the extent any provision of any Note conflicts with the express provisions of this Indenture, the provisions of this Indenture shall govern and be controlling.

(iii) The Notes shall be subject to repurchase by the Issuer pursuant to a Redemption Offer as provided in Section 3.09 hereof. The Notes shall not be redeemable, other than as provided in Article 3.

 

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(e) Euroclear and Clearstream Procedures Applicable. The provisions of the “Operating Procedures of the Euroclear System” and “Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear” and the “General Terms and Conditions of Clearstream Banking” and “Customer Handbook” of Clearstream shall be applicable to transfers of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note and the Regulation S Permanent Global Notes that are held by Participants through Euroclear or Clearstream.

Section 2.02 Execution and Authentication.

One Responsible Officer of the Issuer shall execute the Notes on behalf of the Issuer by manual or facsimile signature.

If a Responsible Officer of the Issuer whose signature is on a Note no longer holds that office at the time a Note is authenticated, the Note shall nevertheless be valid.

A Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose until authenticated substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto by the manual signature of the Trustee. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Note has been duly authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

On the Issue Date, the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Issuer Order (an “Authentication Order”), authenticate and deliver Initial Notes that may be validly issued under this Indenture.

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Issuer to authenticate Notes. An authenticating agent may authenticate Notes whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with Holders or an Affiliate of the Issuer.

Section 2.03 Registrar and Paying Agent.

The Issuer shall maintain an office or agency where Notes may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (“Registrar”) and an office or agency where Notes may be presented for payment (“Paying Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register of the Notes (“Note Register”) and of their transfer and exchange. The Issuer may appoint one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents. The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar and the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent. The Issuer may change any Paying Agent or Registrar without prior notice to any Holder. The Issuer shall notify the Trustee in writing of the name and address of any Agent not a party to this Indenture. If the Issuer fails to appoint or maintain another entity as Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such. The Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries may act as Paying Agent or Registrar.

The Issuer initially appoints The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) to act as Depositary with respect to the Global Notes.

The Issuer initially appoints the Trustee to act as the Paying Agent and Registrar for the Notes and to act as Custodian with respect to the Global Notes.

Section 2.04 Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

The Issuer shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Holders or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, and shall notify the Trustee of any default by the Issuer in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Issuer at any time may require

 

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a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Issuer or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Issuer or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders all money held by it as Paying Agent. Upon any bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings relating to the Issuer, the Trustee shall serve as Paying Agent for the Notes.

Section 2.05 Holder Lists.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of all Holders and shall otherwise comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Issuer shall furnish to the Trustee at least five Business Days before each Interest Payment Date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the Holders of Notes and the Issuer shall otherwise comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 312(a).

Section 2.06 Transfer and Exchange.

(a) Transfer and Exchange of Global Notes. Except as otherwise set forth in this Section 2.06, a Global Note may be transferred, in whole and not in part, only to another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary. A beneficial interest in a Global Note may not be exchanged for a Definitive Note unless (i) the Depositary (x) notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Note or (y) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and, in either case, a successor Depositary is not appointed by the Issuer within 120 days of such notice, (ii) the Issuer, at its option, notifies the Trustee in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of Definitive Notes (provided that Regulation S Global Notes at the Issuer’s election pursuant to this clause may not be exchanged for Definitive Notes prior to (a) the expiration of the Restricted Period and (b) the receipt of any certificates required under the provisions of Regulation S) or (iii) there shall have occurred and be continuing a Default with respect to the Notes and the Depositary requests that one or more Definitive Notes be issued. Upon the occurrence of any of the preceding events in (i), (ii) or (iii) above, Definitive Notes delivered in exchange for any Global Note or beneficial interests therein will be registered in the names, and issued in any approved denominations, requested by or on behalf of the Depositary (in accordance with its customary procedures). Global Notes also may be exchanged or replaced, in whole or in part, as provided in Section 2.07 and 2.10 hereof. Every Note authenticated and delivered in exchange for, or in lieu of, a Global Note or any portion thereof, pursuant to this Section 2.06, Section 2.07 or Section 2.10 hereof, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Note, except for Definitive Notes issued subsequent to any of the preceding events in (i) or (ii) above and pursuant to Sections 2.06(b)(iii)(B) and 2.06(c) hereof. A Global Note may not be exchanged for another Note other than as provided in this Section 2.06(a); provided, however, beneficial interests in a Global Note may be transferred and exchanged as provided in Section 2.06(b) or (c) hereof.

(b) Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in the Global Notes. The transfer and exchange of beneficial interests in the Global Notes shall be effected through the Depositary, in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and the Applicable Procedures. Beneficial interests in the Restricted Global Notes shall be subject to restrictions on transfer comparable to those set forth herein to the extent required by the Securities Act. Transfers of beneficial interests in the Global Notes also shall require compliance with either subparagraph (i) or (ii) below, as applicable, as well as one or more of the other following subparagraphs, as applicable:

 

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(i) Transfer of Beneficial Interests in the Same Global Note. Beneficial interests in any Restricted Global Note may be transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the same Restricted Global Note in accordance with the transfer restrictions and procedures set forth in the Private Placement Legend; provided, however, that prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period, transfers of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note may not be made to a U.S. Person or for the account or benefit of a U.S. Person (other than a Purchaser or pursuant to Rule 144A). Beneficial interests in any Unrestricted Global Note may be transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note. No written orders or instructions shall be required to be delivered to the Registrar to effect the transfers described in this Section 2.06(b)(i).

(ii) All Other Transfers and Exchanges of Beneficial Interests in Global Notes. In connection with all transfers and exchanges of beneficial interests that are not subject to Section 2.06(b)(i) hereof, the transferor of such beneficial interest must deliver to the Registrar either (A) (1) a written order from a Participant or an Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to credit or cause to be credited a beneficial interest in another Global Note in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged and (2) instructions given in accordance with the Applicable Procedures containing information regarding the Participant account to be credited with such increase or (B) (1) a written order from a Participant or an Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to cause to be issued a Definitive Note in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged and (2) instructions given by the Depositary to the Registrar containing information regarding the Person in whose name such Definitive Note shall be registered to effect the transfer or exchange referred to in (1) above; provided that in no event shall Definitive Notes be issued upon the transfer or exchange of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note prior to (A) the expiration of the Restricted Period and (B) the receipt by the Registrar of the certificates in the form of Exhibit B. Upon satisfaction of all of the requirements for transfer or exchange of beneficial interests in Global Notes contained in this Indenture and the Notes or otherwise applicable under the Securities Act, the Trustee shall adjust the principal amount of the relevant Global Note(s) pursuant to Section 2.06(h) hereof.

(iii) Transfer of Beneficial Interests to Another Restricted Global Note. A beneficial interest in any Restricted Global Note may be transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Restricted Global Note if the transfer complies with the requirements of Section 2.06(b)(ii) hereof and the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the 144A Global Note, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(B) if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Global Note, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof; or

(C) if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the IAI Global Note, a certificate to the Registrar substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications, certificates and Opinion of Counsel required by item (3) thereof.

 

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(iv) Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in a Restricted Global Note for Beneficial Interests in an Unrestricted Global Note. A beneficial interest in any Restricted Global Note may be exchanged by any holder thereof for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note if the exchange or transfer complies with the requirements of Section 2.06(b)(ii) hereof and

the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(a) thereof; or

(B) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate from such holder in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case set forth in this Section 2.06(b)(iv), if the Registrar or Issuer so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar and Issuer to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

If any such transfer is effected pursuant to this Section 2.06(b)(iv) at a time when an Unrestricted Global Note has not yet been issued, the Issuer shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 hereof, the Trustee shall authenticate one or more Unrestricted Global Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of beneficial interests transferred pursuant to this Section 2.06(b)(iv).

Beneficial interests in an Unrestricted Global Note cannot be exchanged for, or transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of, a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note.

(c) Transfer or Exchange of Beneficial Interests for Definitive Notes.

(i) Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Notes to Restricted Definitive Notes. If any holder of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Restricted Definitive Note or to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Note, then, upon the occurrence of any of the events in clauses (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) hereof and receipt by the Registrar of the following documentation:

(A) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Restricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2)(a) thereof;

 

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(B) if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(C) if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a Non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in accordance with Rule 903 or Rule 904, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof;

(D) if such beneficial interest is being transferred pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act in accordance with Rule 144, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(a) thereof;

(E) if such beneficial interest is being transferred to an Institutional Accredited Investor in reliance on an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act other than those listed in subparagraphs (B) through (D) above, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications, certificates and Opinion of Counsel required by item 3(d) thereof, if applicable;

(F) if such beneficial interest is being transferred to the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(b) thereof; or

(G) if such beneficial interest is being transferred pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(c) thereof,

the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Global Note to be reduced accordingly pursuant to Section 2.06(h) hereof, and the Issuer shall execute and upon receipt of an Authentication Order, the Trustee shall authenticate and mail to the Person designated in the instructions a Definitive Note in the applicable principal amount. Any Definitive Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note pursuant to this Section 2.06(c) shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denomination or denominations as the holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the Registrar through instructions from the Depositary and the Participant or Indirect Participant. The Trustee shall mail such Definitive Notes to the Persons in whose names such Notes are so registered. Any Definitive Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(i) (except transfers pursuant to clause (G) above) shall bear the Private Placement Legend and shall be subject to all restrictions on transfer contained therein.

(ii) Beneficial Interests in Regulation S Temporary Global Note to Definitive Notes. Notwithstanding Section 2.06(c)(i)(A) and (C) hereof, a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note may not be exchanged for a Definitive Note or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Definitive Note prior to (A) the expiration of the Restricted Period and (B) the receipt by the Registrar of any certificates required pursuant to Exhibit B, except in the case of a transfer pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act other than Rule 903 or Rule 904.

 

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(iii) Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Notes. A holder of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note may exchange such beneficial interest for an Unrestricted Definitive Note or may transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note only upon the occurrence of any of the events in subsection (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) hereof and if the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for an Unrestricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(b) thereof; or

(B) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such holder substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case, if the Registrar or Issuer so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar and Issuer to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

(iv) Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Notes. If any holder of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Definitive Note or to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Definitive Note, then, upon the occurrence of any of the events in subsection (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) hereof and satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 2.06(b)(ii) hereof, the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Global Note to be reduced accordingly pursuant to Section 2.06(h) hereof, and the Issuer shall execute and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, the Trustee shall authenticate and mail to the Person designated in the instructions a Definitive Note in the applicable principal amount. Any Definitive Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(iv) shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denomination or denominations as the holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the Registrar through instructions from or through the Depositary and the Participant or Indirect Participant. The Trustee shall mail such Definitive Notes to the Persons in whose names such Notes are so registered. Any Definitive Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(iv) shall not bear the Private Placement Legend.

(d) Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Notes for Beneficial Interests.

(i) Restricted Definitive Notes to Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Notes. If any Holder of a Restricted Definitive Note proposes to exchange such Note for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note or to transfer such Restricted Definitive Note to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note, then, upon receipt by the Registrar of the following documentation:

(A) if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Note proposes to exchange such Note for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2)(b) thereof;

 

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(B) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(C) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred to a Non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in accordance with Rule 903 or Rule 904, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof;

(D) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act in accordance with Rule 144, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(a) thereof;

(E) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred to an Institutional Accredited Investor in reliance on an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act other than those listed in subparagraphs (B) through (D) above, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications, certificates and Opinion of Counsel required by item (3)(d) thereof, if applicable;

(F) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred to the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(b) thereof; or

(G) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(c) thereof,

the Trustee shall cancel the Restricted Definitive Note, increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of, in the case of clause (A) above, the applicable Restricted Global Note, in the case of clause (B) above, the applicable 144A Global Note, in the case of clause (C) above, the applicable Regulation S Global Note, and in all other cases, the applicable IAI Global Note.

(ii) Restricted Definitive Notes to Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Notes. A Holder of a Restricted Definitive Note may exchange such Note for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note or transfer such Restricted Definitive Note to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note only if the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the Holder of such Definitive Notes proposes to exchange such Notes for a beneficial interest in the Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(c) thereof; or

(B) if the Holder of such Definitive Notes proposes to transfer such Notes to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

 

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and, in each such case set forth in this Section 2.06(d)(ii), if the Registrar or Issuer so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar and Issuer to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

Upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions in this Section 2.06(d)(ii), the Trustee shall cancel the Definitive Notes and increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of the Unrestricted Global Note.

(iii) Unrestricted Definitive Notes to Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Notes. A Holder of an Unrestricted Definitive Note may exchange such Note for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note or transfer such Definitive Notes to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note at any time. Upon receipt of a request for such an exchange or transfer, the Trustee shall cancel the applicable Unrestricted Definitive Note and increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of one of the Unrestricted Global Notes.

If any such exchange or transfer from a Definitive Note to a beneficial interest is effected pursuant to clauses (ii) or (iii) above at a time when an Unrestricted Global Note has not yet been issued, the Issuer shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 hereof, the Trustee shall authenticate one or more Unrestricted Global Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of Definitive Notes so transferred.

(e) Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Notes for Definitive Notes. Upon request by a Holder of Definitive Notes and such Holder’s compliance with the provisions of this Section 2.06(e), the Registrar shall register the transfer or exchange of Definitive Notes. Prior to such registration of transfer or exchange, the requesting Holder shall present or surrender to the Registrar the Definitive Notes duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instruction of transfer in form satisfactory to the Registrar duly executed by such Holder or by its attorney, duly authorized in writing. In addition, the requesting Holder shall provide any additional certifications, documents and information, as applicable, required pursuant to the following provisions of this Section 2.06(e):

(i) Restricted Definitive Notes to Restricted Definitive Notes. Any Restricted Definitive Note may be transferred to and registered in the name of Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Note if the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the transfer will be made to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A, then the transferor must deliver a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(B) if the transfer will be made pursuant to Rule 903 or Rule 904 then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof; or

(C) if the transfer will be made pursuant to any other exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications required by item (3) thereof, if applicable.

 

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(ii) Restricted Definitive Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Notes. Any Restricted Definitive Note may be exchanged by the Holder thereof for an Unrestricted Definitive Note or transferred to a Person or Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note if the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Notes proposes to exchange such Notes for an Unrestricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(d) thereof; or

(B) if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Notes proposes to transfer such Notes to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case set forth in this Section 2.06(e)(ii), if the Registrar or Issuer so requests, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar and Issuer to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

(iii) Unrestricted Definitive Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Notes. A Holder of Unrestricted Definitive Notes may transfer such Notes to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note. Upon receipt of a request to register such a transfer, the Registrar shall register the Unrestricted Definitive Notes pursuant to the instructions from the Holder thereof.

(f) [Reserved].

(g) Legends. The following legends shall appear on the face of all Global Notes and Definitive Notes issued under this Indenture unless specifically stated otherwise in the applicable provisions of this Indenture:

(i) Private Placement Legend.

(A) Except as permitted by subparagraph (B) below, each Global Note and each Definitive Note (and all Notes issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall bear the legend in substantially the following form:

“THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED, RESOLD, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF, THE HOLDER OF THIS NOTE (1) REPRESENTS THAT (A) IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT), (B) IT IS NOT A U.S. PERSON AND IS ACQUIRING THIS NOTE IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR [(C) IT IS AN “INSTITUTIONAL” ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a)(1), (2), (3) OR (7) UNDER REGULATION D PROMULGATED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) (AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR”) AND THAT IS ACQUIRING

 

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THE NOTES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF SUCH AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS TO WHICH IT EXERCISES SOLE INVESTMENT DISCRETION),] IN EACH CASE IN A MINIMUM PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THE NOTES OF $250,000, FOR INVESTMENT PURPOSES AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO OR FOR THE OFFER OR SALE IN CONNECTION WITH ANY DISTRIBUTION IN VIOLATION OF THE SECURITIES ACT, AND (2) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT WITHIN [ONE YEAR AFTER THE LATER OF THE DATE OF THE ORIGINAL ISSUANCE OF THIS NOTE AND THE DATE ON WHICH THE ISSUER OR ANY OF ITS RESPECTIVE AFFILIATES OWNED THIS NOTE — FOR NOTES ISSUED PURSUANT TO RULE 144A/TO IAIS][40 DAYS AFTER THE LATER OF THE DATE OF ORIGINAL ISSUANCE OF THIS NOTE AND THE DATE ON WHICH THIS SECURITY (OR ANY PREDECESSOR OF SUCH SECURITY) WAS FIRST OFFERED TO PERSONS OTHER THAN DISTRIBUTORS (AS DEFINED IN RULE 902 OF REGULATION S) IN RELIANCE ON REGULATION S — FOR NOTES ISSUED IN OFFSHORE TRANSACTIONS PURSUANT TO REGULATION S], OFFER, RESELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THIS NOTE EXCEPT (A) (I) TO THE ISSUER OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, (II) INSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED THEREIN), (III) INSIDE THE UNITED STATES TO AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR THAT IS ACQUIRING THE NOTES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF SUCH AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS TO WHICH IT EXERCISES SOLE INVESTMENT DISCRETION), IN EACH CASE IN A MINIMUM PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THE NOTES OF $250,000, FOR INVESTMENT PURPOSES AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO OR FOR THE OFFER OR SALE IN CONNECTION WITH ANY DISTRIBUTION IN VIOLATION OF THE SECURITIES ACT, AND THAT PRIOR TO SUCH TRANSFER, FURNISHES (OR HAS FURNISHED ON ITS BEHALF BY A U.S. BROKER-DEALER) TO THE ISSUER AND TRUSTEE A SIGNED LETTER CONTAINING CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS RELATING TO THE RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER OF THIS NOTE (THE FORM OF WHICH LETTER CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE TRUSTEE FOR THIS NOTE) AND AN OPINION OF COUNSEL, IN FORM AND FROM COUNSEL REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE ISSUER, TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH TRANSFER IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT, (IV) OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (V) PURSUANT TO THE EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION PROVIDED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (IF AVAILABLE), (VI) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANOTHER EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT (AND BASED UPON AN OPINION OF COUNSEL IF THE ISSUER SO REQUESTS), OR (VII) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, AND (B) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF THE STATES OF THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER JURISDICTIONS AND (3) AGREES THAT IT WILL GIVE TO EACH PERSON TO WHOM THIS NOTE IS TRANSFERRED A NOTICE SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE EFFECT OF THIS LEGEND.”

(B) Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Global Note or Definitive Note issued pursuant to subparagraph (b)(iv), (c)(iii), (c)(iv), (d)(ii), (d)(iii), (e)(ii), or (e)(iii) of this Section 2.06 (and all Notes issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall not bear the Private Placement Legend.

 

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(ii) Global Note Legend. Each Global Note shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

“THIS GLOBAL NOTE IS HELD BY THE DEPOSITARY (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS NOTE) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE BENEFICIAL OWNERS HEREOF, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (I) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.06(h) OF THE INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.06(a) OF THE INDENTURE, (III) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.11 OF THE INDENTURE AND (IV) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE TRANSFERRED TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY WITH THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE ISSUER. UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR NOTES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS NOTE MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY. UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (55 WATER STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK) (“DTC”) TO THE ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.”

(iii) Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend. The Regulation S Temporary Global Note shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

“BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF, THE HOLDER HEREOF REPRESENTS THAT IT IS NOT A U.S. PERSON, NOR IS IT PURCHASING FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A U.S. PERSON, AND IS ACQUIRING THIS SECURITY IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

THE RIGHTS ATTACHING TO THIS REGULATION S TEMPORARY GLOBAL NOTE, AND THE CONDITIONS AND PROCEDURES GOVERNING ITS EXCHANGE FOR CERTIFICATED NOTES, ARE AS SPECIFIED IN THE INDENTURE (AS DEFINED HEREIN).”

 

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(iv) Original Issue Discount Legend. To the extent applicable, each Global Note and Definitive Note (and all Notes issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall bear the legend in substantially the following form:

“THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS PROVIDED PURSUANT TO TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1275-3. THIS NOTE WAS ISSUED WITH ‘ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT’ WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 1272, ET SEQ. OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED. UPON WRITTEN REQUEST, THE ISSUER WILL PROVIDE TO ANY HOLDER OF THE NOTE (1) THE ISSUE PRICE AND ISSUE DATE OF THE NOTE, (2) THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT ON THE NOTE, AND (3) THE ORIGINAL YIELD TO MATURITY OF THE NOTE. SUCH REQUEST SHOULD BE SENT TO THE ISSUER AT SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., 9100 SOUTH HILLS BLVD, BROADVIEW HEIGHTS, OH 44147, ATTN: GENERAL COUNSEL, TEL: (440) 262-1409, E-MAIL: MKLABEN@SOTERAHEALTH.COM.”

(h) Cancellation and/or Adjustment of Global Notes. At such time as all beneficial interests in a particular Global Note have been exchanged for Definitive Notes or a particular Global Note has been redeemed, repurchased or canceled in whole and not in part, each such Global Note shall be returned to or retained and canceled by the Trustee in accordance with Section 2.11 hereof. At any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in a Global Note is exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Note or for Definitive Notes, the principal amount of Notes represented by such Global Note shall be reduced accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the Trustee or by the Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such reduction; and if the beneficial interest is being exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Note, such other Global Note shall be increased accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the Trustee or by the Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such increase.

(i) General Provisions Relating to Transfers and Exchanges.

(i) To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Global Notes and Definitive Notes upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 hereof or at the Registrar’s request.

(ii) No service charge shall be made to a holder of a beneficial interest in a Global Note or to a Holder of a Definitive Note for any registration of transfer or exchange, but the Issuer may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer taxes or similar governmental charge payable upon exchange or transfer pursuant to Sections 2.07, 2.10, 3.06, 3.09, 5.05 and 9.05 hereof).

(iii) Neither the Registrar nor the Issuer shall be required to register the transfer of or exchange any Note selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part.

(iv) All Global Notes and Definitive Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Global Notes or Definitive Notes shall be the valid obligations of the Issuer, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Global Notes or Definitive Notes surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

 

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(v) The Issuer shall not be required (A) to issue, to register the transfer of or to exchange any Notes during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of any selection of Notes for redemption under Section 3.02 hereof and ending at the close of business on the day of selection, (B) to register the transfer of or to exchange any Note so selected for redemption or tendered (and not withdrawn) for repurchase in connection with an Redemption Offer or other tender offer, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part or (C) to register the transfer of or to exchange a Note between a Record Date and the next succeeding Interest Payment Date.

(vi) Prior to due presentment for the registration of a transfer of any Note, the Trustee, any other Agent and the Issuer may deem and treat the Person in whose name any Note is registered as the absolute owner of such Note for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Notes and for all other purposes, and none of the Trustee, any other Agent or the Issuer shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

(vii) Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Note at the office or agency of the Issuer designated pursuant to Section 4.04 hereof, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more replacement Notes of any authorized denomination or denominations of a like aggregate principal amount.

(viii) At the option of the Holder, Notes may be exchanged for other Notes of any authorized denomination or denominations of a like aggregate principal amount upon surrender of the Notes to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Global Notes or Definitive Notes are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the replacement Global Notes and Definitive Notes which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.02 hereof.

(ix) All certifications, certificates and Opinions of Counsel required to be submitted to the Registrar pursuant to this Section 2.06 to effect a registration of transfer or exchange may be submitted by facsimile.

(x) The Trustee shall have no responsibility or obligation to any Beneficial Owner of a Global Note, a member of, or a participant in, the Depositary or other Person with respect to the accuracy of the records of the Depositary or its nominee or of any participant or member thereof, with respect to any ownership interest in the Notes or with respect to the delivery to any participant, member, Beneficial Owner, or other Person (other than the Depositary) of any notice (including any notice of redemption or purchase) or the payment of any amount or delivery of any Notes (or other security or property) under or with respect to such Notes. The Trustee may rely and shall be fully protected in relying upon information furnished by the Depositary with respect to its members, participants, and any Beneficial Owners.

(xi) The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Note (including any transfers between or among the Depositary’s participants, members, or Beneficial Owners in any Global Note) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by, the terms of this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof. Neither the Trustee nor any of its agents shall have any responsibility for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.

 

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Section 2.07 Replacement Notes.

If any mutilated Note is surrendered to the Trustee, the Registrar or the Issuer and the Trustee receives evidence to its satisfaction of the ownership and destruction, loss or theft of any Note, the Issuer shall issue and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, shall authenticate a replacement Note if the Trustee’s requirements are met. If required by the Trustee or the Issuer, an indemnity bond must be supplied by the Holder that is sufficient in the judgment of the Trustee to protect the Trustee and its agents and in the judgment of the Issuer to protect the Issuer, the Trustee, any other Agent and any authenticating agent from any loss that any of them may suffer if a Note is replaced. The Issuer may charge for its expenses in replacing a Note, including the Trustee’s expenses.

Every replacement Note is a contractual obligation of the Issuer and shall be entitled to all of the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with all other Notes duly issued hereunder.

Section 2.08 Outstanding Notes.

The Notes outstanding at any time are all the Notes authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest in a Global Note effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof, and those described in this Section 2.08 as not outstanding. Except as set forth in Section 2.09 hereof, a Note does not cease to be outstanding because the Issuer or an Affiliate of the Issuer holds the Note.

If a Note is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07 hereof, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Note is held by a bona fide purchaser.

If the principal amount of any Note is considered paid under Section 4.01 hereof, it ceases to be outstanding and interest on it ceases to accrue.

If the Paying Agent (other than the Issuer, a Subsidiary or an Affiliate of any thereof) holds, on a redemption date or maturity date, money sufficient to pay Notes payable on that date, then on and after that date such Notes shall be deemed to be no longer outstanding and shall cease to accrue interest.

Section 2.09 Treasury Notes.

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Notes have concurred in any direction, waiver or consent, Notes owned by the Issuer, or by any Affiliate of the Issuer, shall be considered as though not outstanding, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent, only Notes that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Notes so owned which have been pledged in good faith shall not be disregarded if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right to deliver any such direction, waiver or consent with respect to the Notes and that the pledgee is not the Issuer or any obligor upon the Notes or any Affiliate of the Issuer or of such other obligor.

 

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Section 2.10 Temporary Notes.

Until certificates representing Notes are ready for delivery, the Issuer may prepare and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, shall authenticate temporary Notes. Temporary Notes shall be substantially in the form of certificated Notes but may have variations that the Issuer considers appropriate for temporary Notes and as shall be reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. Without unreasonable delay, the Issuer shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Notes in exchange for temporary Notes.

Holders and beneficial holders, as the case may be, of temporary Notes shall be entitled to all of the benefits accorded to Holders, or beneficial holders, respectively, of Notes under this Indenture.

Section 2.11 Cancellation.

The Issuer at any time may deliver Notes to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Notes surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee or, at the direction of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Paying Agent and no one else shall cancel all Notes surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall dispose of cancelled Notes (subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act) in accordance with its customary procedures. Certification of the cancellation of all cancelled Notes shall be delivered to the Issuer upon its written request. The Issuer may not issue new Notes to replace Notes that it has paid or that have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

Section 2.12 Defaulted Interest.

If the Issuer defaults in a payment of interest on the Notes, it shall pay the defaulted interest in any lawful manner plus, to the extent lawful, interest payable on the defaulted interest to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent special record date, in each case at the rate provided in the Notes and in Section 4.03 hereof and as provided in Section 6.03. The Issuer shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of defaulted interest proposed to be paid on each Note and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Issuer shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such defaulted interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such defaulted interest as provided in this Section 2.12. The Issuer shall fix or cause to be fixed each such special record date and payment date; provided that no such special record date shall be less than 10 days prior to the related payment date for such defaulted interest. The Issuer shall promptly notify the Trustee of such special record date and payment date. At least 15 days before the special record date, the Issuer (or, upon the written request of the Issuer, the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Issuer) shall send or cause to be sent to each Holder a notice at his or her address as it appears in the Note Register that states the special record date, the related payment date and the amount of such interest to be paid.

Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.12 and for greater certainty, each Note delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Note shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Note.

Section 2.13 CUSIP and ISIN Numbers.

The Issuer in issuing the Notes may use CUSIP and ISIN numbers (if then generally in use) and, if so, the Trustee shall use CUSIP and ISIN numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as contained in any notice of redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Issuer shall as promptly as practicable notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP and ISIN numbers.

 

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ARTICLE 3

REDEMPTION

Section 3.01 Notices to Trustee.

If the Issuer elects to redeem Notes pursuant to Section 3.07 hereof, it shall furnish to the Trustee, at least 5 Business Days before notice of redemption is required to be sent or caused to be sent to Holders pursuant to Section 3.03 hereof but not more than 60 days before a redemption date (except that redemption notices may be delivered more than 60 days prior to a redemption date if the notice is issued in connection with a defeasance of the Notes or a satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture), an Officer’s Certificate setting forth (i) the paragraph or subparagraph of such Note and/or Section of this Indenture pursuant to which the redemption shall occur, (ii) the redemption date, (iii) the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed and (iv) the redemption price.

Section 3.02 Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed or Purchased.

If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed or purchased in an offer to purchase at any time, such Notes shall be selected for redemption or repurchase by the Trustee (1) if the Notes are listed on an exchange, in compliance with the requirements of such exchange or in the case of Global Notes, in accordance with customary procedures of the Depositary or (2) on a pro rata basis to the extent practicable, or, if the pro rata basis is not practicable for any reason, by lot or by such other method as most nearly approximates a pro rata basis subject to customary procedures of the Depositary. Such Notes to be redeemed or purchased shall be selected, unless otherwise provided herein, not less than 15 nor more than 60 days prior to the redemption date from the outstanding Notes not previously called for redemption or purchase.

The Trustee, after consultation with DTC, shall promptly notify the Issuer in writing of the Notes selected for redemption or purchase and, in the case of any Note selected for partial redemption or purchase, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed or purchased. Notes and portions of Notes selected shall be in minimum amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof; no Notes of $1,000 or less can be redeemed in part, except that if all of the Notes of a Holder are to be redeemed or purchased, the entire outstanding amount of Notes held by such Holder, even if not a multiple of $1,000, shall be redeemed or purchased. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, provisions of this Indenture that apply to Notes called for redemption or purchase also apply to portions of Notes called for redemption or purchase.

The Trustee shall not be responsible for any actions taken or not taken by DTC pursuant to their Applicable Procedures.

Section 3.03 Notice of Redemption.

Subject to Section 3.09 hereof, the Issuer shall deliver notices of purchase or redemption electronically or by first-class mail, postage prepaid, at least 15 but not more than 60 days before the purchase or redemption date to each Holder of Notes (with a copy to the Trustee) at such Holder’s registered address or otherwise in accordance with the procedures of DTC, except that redemption notices may be delivered electronically or mailed more than 60 days prior to a redemption date if the notice is issued in connection with Article 8 or Article 11 hereof. Notices of redemption may be conditional.

 

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The notice shall identify the Notes to be redeemed and shall state:

(a) the redemption date;

(b) the redemption price;

(c) if any Note is to be redeemed in part only, the portion of the principal amount of that Note that is to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon surrender of such Note, a new Note or Notes in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original Note representing the same indebtedness to the extent not redeemed shall be issued in the name of the Holder of the Notes upon cancellation of the original Note;

(d) the name and address of the Paying Agent;

(e) that Notes called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

(f) that, unless the Issuer defaults in making such redemption payment, interest on Notes called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date;

(g) the paragraph or subparagraph of the Notes and/or Section of this Indenture pursuant to which the Notes called for redemption are being redeemed;

(h) that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number or ISIN Code, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Notes; and

(i) any condition to such redemption.

At the Issuer’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Issuer’s name and at its expense; provided that the Issuer shall have delivered written notice to the Trustee, at least 20 days prior to the redemption date (unless a shorter notice shall be agreed to by the Trustee) in the form of an Officer’s Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice as provided in the preceding paragraph.

Section 3.04 Effect of Notice of Redemption.

Once notice of redemption is sent in accordance with Section 3.03 hereof, Notes called for redemption become irrevocably due and payable on the redemption date at the redemption price, unless such redemption is conditioned on the happening of a future event. The notice, if sent in a manner herein provided, shall be conclusively presumed to have been given, whether or not the Holder receives such notice. In any case, failure to give such notice or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Note designated for redemption in whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Note. Subject to Section 3.05 hereof, on and after the redemption date, interest ceases to accrue on Notes or portions of Notes called for redemption.

 

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Section 3.05 Deposit of Redemption or Purchase Price.

Prior to noon (New York City time) on the redemption or purchase date, the Issuer shall deposit with the Trustee or with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption or purchase price of and accrued and unpaid interest on all Notes to be redeemed or purchased on that date. The Trustee or the Paying Agent shall promptly return to the Issuer any money deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent by the Issuer in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the redemption price of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, all Notes to be redeemed or purchased.

If the Issuer complies with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, on and after the redemption or purchase date, interest shall cease to accrue on the Notes or the portions of Notes called for redemption or purchase. If a Note is redeemed or purchased on or after a Record Date but on or prior to the related Interest Payment Date, then any accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption or purchase date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Note was registered at the close of business on such Record Date. If any Note called for redemption or purchase shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption or purchase because of the failure of the Issuer to comply with the preceding paragraph, interest shall be paid on the unpaid principal, from the redemption or purchase date until such principal is paid, and to the extent lawful on any interest accrued to the redemption or purchase date not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate provided in the Notes and in Section 4.03 and 6.03 hereof.

Section 3.06 Notes Redeemed or Purchased in Part.

Upon surrender of a Definitive Note that is redeemed or purchased in part, the Issuer shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder at the expense of the Issuer a new Note equal in principal amount to the unredeemed or unpurchased portion of the Note surrendered representing the same indebtedness to the extent not redeemed or purchased; provided that each new Note shall be in a principal amount of $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. It is understood that, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, only an Authentication Order and not an Opinion of Counsel or Officer’s Certificate is required for the Trustee to authenticate such new Note.

Section 3.07 Optional Redemption.

(a) At any time prior to December 13, 2020, the Issuer may redeem all or a part of the Notes, upon such notice as described under Section 3.03 hereof, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the date of redemption (the “Redemption Date”), subject to the rights of Holders of Notes on the relevant Record Date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date.

(b) At any time and from time to time, the Issuer may redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, upon notice as described under Section 3.03 hereof, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed) set forth in this Section 3.07(b), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but not including, the applicable redemption date, subject to the right of Holders of Notes of record on the relevant Record Date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on December 13th of each of the years indicated below; provided, that for any redemption in connection with an IPO or a sale of at least a majority of the Equity Interests of the Issuer (excluding any Permitted Change of Control) on or prior to December 13, 2020, (x) such percentage shall be 103.000% and (y) at least 25% of the sum of the aggregate principal amount of the then-outstanding Notes issued under this Indenture (other than Notes held by the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) remain outstanding immediately after the occurrence of each such redemption, unless all such Notes are redeemed substantially concurrently:

 

Year

   Percentage  

2020

     102.000

2021

     101.000

2022 and thereafter

     100.000

 

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(c) At any time after the occurrence of a Permitted Change of Control, the Issuer may redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, upon notice as described under Section 3.03 hereof, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed) set forth in this Section 3.07(c), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but not including, the applicable redemption date, subject to the right of Holders of Notes of record on the relevant Record Date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date, if redeemed during the relevant twelve-month period following such Permitted Change of Control:

 

Year

   Percentage  

First Year Following Permitted Change of Control Effective Date

     103.000

Second Year Following Permitted Change of Control Effective Date

     102.000

Third Year Following Permitted Change of Control Effective Date

     101.000

Thereafter

     100.000

(d) Any notice of any redemption may be given prior to the redemption thereof, and any such redemption or notice may, at the Issuer’s discretion, be subject to one or more conditions precedent, including, without limitation, the consummation of an incurrence or issuance of debt or equity or a Change of Control or other corporate transaction. If such redemption is so subject to satisfaction of one or more conditions precedent, such notice shall describe each such condition, and if applicable, shall state that, in the Issuer’s discretion, the redemption date may be delayed until such time as any or all such conditions shall be satisfied, or such redemption or purchase may not occur and such notice may be rescinded in the event that any or all such conditions shall not have been satisfied by the redemption date, or by the redemption date as so delayed. In addition, the Issuer may provide in such notice that payment of the redemption price and performance of the Issuer’s obligations with respect to such redemption may be performed by another Person.

(e) Any redemption pursuant to this Section 3.07 shall be made pursuant to the provisions of Sections 3.01 through 3.06 hereof.

Section 3.08 Mandatory Redemption.

Subject to Section 3.09, the Issuer shall not be required to make any mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes.

 

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Section 3.09 Offer Events.

(a) In the event and on each occasion that any Net Proceeds are received by or on behalf of the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of clause (a) of the definition of “Offer Event,” the Issuer may, at its option, apply such Net Proceeds:

(i) to invest (or commit to invest) such Net Proceeds (or a portion thereof) within 12 months after receipt of such Net Proceeds in the business of the Issuer and the other Subsidiaries (including any acquisitions permitted under Section 5.04); provided that, a binding commitment shall be treated as a permitted application of the Net Proceeds from the date of such commitment so long as the Issuer, or such other Restricted Subsidiary enters into such commitment with the good faith expectation that such Net Proceeds shall be applied to satisfy such commitment within 180 days of such commitment (an “Acceptable Commitment”) and, in the event any Acceptable Commitment is later cancelled or terminated for any reason before the Net Proceeds are applied in connection therewith, the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary enters into another Acceptable Commitment (a “Second Commitment”) within 180 days of such cancellation or termination; provided further that if any Second Commitment is later cancelled or terminated for any reason before such Net Proceeds are applied, then such Net Proceeds shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3.09 below; or

(ii) to the extent of any such Net Proceeds have not been so invested (or committed to be invested) by the end of such period of time,

(A) first, to permanently reduce Obligations under the First Lien Facilities and to correspondingly repay revolving loans and/or reduce commitments with respect thereto and/or Obligations under other Permitted First Priority Debt and to correspondingly reduce commitments with respect thereto (to the extent required by the terms of the Credit Agreement); and

(B) second, to make a Redemption Offer (as defined below) for the Notes issued under this Indenture.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provisions of Section 3.09, (A) to the extent that any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Offer Event of a Subsidiary of the Issuer that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States, any state, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia are prohibited or delayed by applicable local law from being repatriated to the Issuer, the portion of such Net Proceeds so affected will not be required to be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied in compliance with this Section 3.09 and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary so long, but only so long, as the Issuer determined in good faith that the applicable local law will not permit repatriation to the Issuer, and once the Issuer has determined in good faith that such repatriation of any of such affected Net Proceeds is permitted under the applicable local law, such repatriation will be effected as soon as practicable and such repatriated Net Proceeds will be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied (net of additional taxes payable or reserved if such amounts were repatriated) in compliance with this Section 3.09, (B) to the extent that and for so long as the Issuer has determined in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Offer Event would have a material adverse tax or cost consequence with respect to such Net Proceeds, the Net Proceeds so affected will not be required to be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied in compliance with this Section 3.09, and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary; provided that when the Issuer determines in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Offer Event would no longer have a material adverse tax consequence with respect to such Net Proceeds, such Net Proceeds shall be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied (net of additional taxes payable or reserved against as a result thereof) in compliance with this Section 3.09, and (C) to the extent that and for so long as the Issuer has determined in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Offer Event would give rise to a risk of liability for the directors of such Subsidiary, the Net Proceeds so affected will not be required to be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied in compliance with Section 3.09, as the case may be, and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary.

 

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(c) In the event and on each occasion that any Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds are received by the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of clause (b) of the definition of “Offer Event,” the Issuer shall, within five (5) Business Days of such receipt, make a Redemption Offer for the Notes issued under this Indenture in an amount equal to 100% of all Net Proceeds received from such Offer Event.

(d) In the event that the Issuer shall be required pursuant to subsections (a) or (c) of this Section 3.09 to commence an offer (a “Redemption Offer”) to all Holders to purchase the Notes, it shall follow the procedures specified in this Section 3.09(d) through 3.09(i) and offer to purchase such Notes at a price in cash equal to the sum of (i) 100% of the principal amount of such Notes, plus (ii) accrued and unpaid interest to (but excluding) the Purchase Date, subject to the rights of Holders of record on the relevant Record Date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date. Each Redemption Offer shall remain open for not less than 30 or more than 60 days immediately following its commencement, except to the extent that a longer period is required by applicable law (the “Offer Period”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Issuer shall be permitted to apply Net Proceeds or Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds, as applicable, received in connection with an applicable Offer Event, if required by the terms of any Indebtedness that is pari passu in right of payment and as to priority of Collateral with the Notes (such Indebtedness, “Pari Passu Indebtedness”), to purchase such Pari Passu Indebtedness on a pro rata basis with the Notes (based on the principal amount of the Notes and such Pari Passu Indebtedness (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Issuer so that only Notes in denominations of at least $1,000, or integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, shall be purchased); provided that in no event may the amount of Net Proceeds or Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds, as applicable, applied to purchase such Pari Passu Indebtedness exceed the amount required to be applied to purchase such Pari Passu Indebtedness by the terms thereof. Within three (3) Business Days immediately after the termination of the Offer Period (the “Purchase Date”), the Issuer shall apply the Net Proceeds or Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds, as applicable (the “Offer Amount”) to purchase the principal amount of the Notes and, to the extent required, any applicable Pari Passu Indebtedness. Payment for any Notes so purchased shall be made in the same manner as interest payments are made. Any Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds that are not included in the Offer Amount shall constitute “Retained Declined Proceeds.”

(e) The Issuer will comply, to the extent applicable, with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws, rules and regulations thereunder to the extent such laws, rules or regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of Notes pursuant to an Redemption Offer. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws, rules or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Indenture, the Issuer will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and shall not be deemed to have breached its obligations described in this Indenture by virtue thereof.

(f) If the Purchase Date is on or after a Record Date and on or before the related Interest Payment Date, any accrued and unpaid interest up to (but not including) the Purchase Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name a tendered Note accepted for purchase is registered at the close of business on such Record Date, and unless the Issuer defaults in making payment for such tendered Note pursuant to the Redemption Offer, no additional interest shall be payable to Holders of such tendered Note.

(g) Upon the commencement of an Redemption Offer, the Issuer shall send, by first class or electronic mail, postage prepaid, a notice to each of the Holders, which shall contain all instructions and materials necessary to enable such Holders to tender Notes pursuant to the Redemption Offer. The Redemption Offer shall be made to all Holders of Notes. The notice, which shall govern the terms of the Redemption Offer, shall state:

(i) that the Redemption Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 3.09 and the length of time the Redemption Offer shall remain open;

 

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(ii) the Offer Amount, the purchase price and the Purchase Date;

(iii) that any Note not tendered or accepted for payment shall continue to accrue interest;

(iv) that, unless the Issuer defaults in making such payment, any Note accepted for payment pursuant to the Redemption Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Purchase Date;

(v) that Holders electing to have a Note purchased pursuant to an Redemption Offer may elect to have Notes purchased in whole or in part in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof;

(vi) that Holders electing to have a Note purchased pursuant to any Redemption Offer shall be required to surrender the Note, with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect Purchase” on the reverse of the Note completed (or, in the case of Global Notes, compliant with the Applicable Procedures), to the Issuer or any designated agent for such purchase, as the case may be, at the address specified in the notice delivered at the close of business on the third Business Day before the Purchase Date;

(vii) that Holders shall be entitled to withdraw their election if the Issuer or any designated agent for such purchase, as the case may be, receives, not later than the close of business on the second Business Day preceding the expiration of the Offer Period, a facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Notes the Holder delivered for purchase and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Notes purchased;

(viii) that, if the aggregate principal amount of Notes surrendered by Holders and Pari Passu Indebtedness required to be repaid exceeds the Offer Amount, the Issuer shall select the Notes (and the issuer of, or agent for, such Pari Passu Indebtedness shall select such Pari Passu Indebtedness) to be purchased on a pro rata basis (or otherwise in accordance with the Applicable Procedures in the case of the Global Notes) based on the principal amount of the Notes and, to the extent required, any applicable Pari Passu Indebtedness (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Issuer so that only Notes in denominations of at least $1,000, or integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, shall be purchased); and

(ix) that Holders whose Notes were purchased only in part shall be issued new Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered (or transferred by book-entry transfer) representing the same indebtedness to the extent not repurchased.

(h) On or before the Purchase Date, the Issuer shall, to the extent lawful, accept for payment, on a pro rata basis to the extent necessary, Notes or portions thereof tendered pursuant to the Redemption Offer, and shall deliver to the Holders a notice stating that such Notes or portions thereof were accepted for payment by the Issuer in accordance with the terms of this Section 3.09. The Issuer shall promptly (but in any case not later than one (1) Business Day after the Purchase Date) mail or deliver to each tendering Holder an amount equal to the purchase price of the Notes tendered by such Holder and accepted by the Issuer for purchase, and the Issuer shall promptly execute, and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, authenticate, and deliver (or cause to be transferred by book-entry) a

 

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new Note to such Holder (it being understood that, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, no Opinion of Counsel or Officer’s Certificate is required for the Trustee to authenticate and mail or deliver such new Note), in a principal amount equal to any unpurchased portion of the Note surrendered. Any Note not so accepted shall be promptly mailed or delivered by the Issuer to the Holder thereof.

(i) Other than as specifically provided in this Section 3.09, any purchase pursuant to this Section 3.09 shall be made pursuant to the applicable provisions of Sections 3.01 through 3.06.

ARTICLE 4

AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

Section 4.01 Financial Statements and Other Information.

Holdings or the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee, with a copy to each Holder:

(a) commencing with the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, on or before the date that is one hundred and twenty-five (125) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Issuer, audited consolidated balance sheet and audited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries as of the end of and for such year, and related notes thereto, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all reported on by an independent public accountant of recognized national standing (without a “going concern” or like qualification or exception and without any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit (other than any exception or explanatory paragraph, but not a qualification, that is expressly and solely with respect to, or expressly and solely resulting from, (A) the Final Maturity Date occurring within one year from the time such opinion is delivered or (B) any actual failure to satisfy the Financial Performance Covenant or potential inability to satisfy the Financial Performance Covenant on a future date or in a future period)) to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects the financial condition as of the end of and for such year and results of operations and cash flows of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied;

(b) commencing with the financial statements for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2020, on or before the date that is sixty (60) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Issuer, unaudited consolidated balance sheet and unaudited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and the then elapsed portion of the fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding period or periods of (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of) the previous fiscal year, all certified by a Financial Officer as presenting fairly in all material respects the financial condition as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and such portion of the fiscal year and results of operations and cash flows of the Issuer (and/or its predecessor, as applicable) and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes;

(c) simultaneously with the delivery of each set of consolidated financial statements referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above, the related unaudited consolidating financial information reflecting adjustments necessary to eliminate the accounts of Unrestricted Subsidiaries (if any) from such consolidated financial statements;

 

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(d) promptly after the same become publicly available, copies of all periodic and other reports, proxy statements and registration statements (other than amendments to any registration statement (to the extent such registration statement, in the form it became effective, is delivered to the Trustee), exhibits to any registration statement and, if applicable, any registration statement on Form S-8) filed by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary with the SEC or with any national securities exchange; and

(e) at the request of the Controlling Party (which shall be no more than quarterly), and following the delivery of each set of consolidated financial statements referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above, the Issuer shall use commercially reasonable efforts to hold a conference call for the Holders at a time reasonably acceptable to the Issuer, which conference call shall be accompanied by related presentation materials prepared by the Issuer.

In addition, to the extent not satisfied by the foregoing, for so long as the Notes remain outstanding and are “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144, the Issuer shall furnish to Holders thereof and prospective investors in such Notes, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) of the Securities Act.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the obligations in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 4.01 may be satisfied with respect to financial information of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries by furnishing (A) the Form 10-K or 10-Q (or the equivalent), as applicable, of the Issuer (or a parent company thereof) filed with the SEC within the applicable time periods required by applicable law and regulations (including any extended deadlines available thereunder in connection with an IPO) or (B) the applicable financial statements of Holdings (or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings); provided that (i) to the extent such information relates to a parent of the Issuer, such information is accompanied by consolidating information, which may be unaudited, that explains in reasonable detail the differences between the information relating to such parent, on the one hand, and the information relating to the Issuer and its Subsidiaries on a standalone basis, on the other hand, and (ii) to the extent such information is in lieu of information required to be provided under Section 4.01(a), such materials are accompanied by a report and opinion of an independent registered public accounting firm of nationally recognized standing, which report and opinion shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and shall not be subject to any “going concern” or like qualification or exception or any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit (other than any exception or explanatory paragraph, but not a qualification, that is expressly and solely with respect to, or expressly and solely resulting from, (A) the Final Maturity Date occurring within one year from the time such opinion is delivered or (B) any actual failure to satisfy or potential inability to satisfy any Financial Performance Covenant on a future date or in a future period).

The requirements set forth in Section 4.01(a) or (b) (to the extent any such documents are included in materials otherwise filed with the SEC) may be satisfied by (i) delivering such information electronically to the Trustee and (ii) posting copies of such information on a website (which may be nonpublic and may be maintained by the Issuer or a third party) to which access shall be given to Holders, Beneficial Owners of Notes and prospective purchasers of the Notes; provided that: (i) the Issuer shall deliver paper copies of such documents to the Trustee until a written notice to cease delivering paper copies is given by the Trustee and (ii) the Issuer shall notify the Trustee (by fax or electronic mail) of the posting of any such documents and shall provide to the Trustee by electronic mail electronic versions (i.e., soft copies) of such documents. The Trustee shall have no obligation to request the delivery of or maintain paper copies of the documents referred to above, and each Holder shall be solely responsible for timely accessing posted documents and maintaining its copies of such documents.

 

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Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, neither the Issuer nor any Subsidiary shall be required to deliver, disclose, permit the inspection, examination or making of copies of or excerpts from, or any discussion of, any document, information, or other matter (i) that constitutes trade secrets or proprietary information, (ii) in respect of which disclosure to the Trustee (or any Holder (or their respective representatives or contractors)) is prohibited by applicable law, (iii) that is subject to attorney-client or similar privilege or constitutes attorney work product, (iv) with respect to which any Note Party owes confidentiality obligations (to the extent not created in contemplation of such Note Party’s obligations under this Section 4.01) to any third party, after such Note Party’s use of commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the consent of such third party (to the extent commercially feasible) or (v) that relates to any investigation by any Governmental Authority to the extent (x) such information is identifiable to a particular individual and the Issuer in good faith determines such information should remain confidential or (y) the information requested is not factual in nature.

The Trustee shall receive financial reports and statements of the Issuer as provided herein, but shall have no duty to review, retain or analyze such reports or statements to determine compliance with covenants or other obligations of the Issuer and shall not be charged with knowledge of the contents thereof or determinable therefrom (as to which, in each case, the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on an Officer’s Certificate).

Section 4.02 [Reserved].

Section 4.03 Payment of Notes

The Issuer shall pay or cause to be paid the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes on the dates and in the manner provided in the Notes and in this Indenture. Principal, premium, if any, and interest shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent, if other than the Issuer or a Subsidiary, holds as of noon (New York City time) on the due date money deposited by the Issuer in immediately available funds and designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, premium, if any, and interest then due.

The Issuer shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue principal at the rate equal to the then applicable interest rate on the Notes (after giving effect to the provisions of Section 6.03) to the extent lawful; it shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable grace period) at the same rate (including after giving effect to the provisions of Section 6.03) to the extent lawful.

Section 4.04 Maintenance of Office or Agency

The Issuer shall maintain an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee, Registrar or co-registrar) where Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Issuer in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Issuer shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

The Issuer may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Issuer of its obligation to maintain an office or agency for such purposes. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

 

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The Issuer hereby designates the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as one such office or agency of the Issuer in accordance with Section 2.03 hereof; provided that no office of the Trustee shall be an office or agency of the Issuer for the purpose of service of legal process on the Issuer or any Guarantor.

Section 4.05 Information Regarding Collateral.

(a) Holdings or the Issuer will furnish to the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent prompt (and in any event within thirty (30) days or such longer period as reasonably agreed to by the Trustee) written notice of any change (i) in any Note Party’s legal name (as set forth in its certificate of organization or like document), (ii) in the jurisdiction of incorporation or organization of any Note Party or in the form of its organization or (iii) in any Note Party’s organizational identification number to the extent that such Note Party is organized or owns Mortgaged Property in a jurisdiction where an organizational identification number is required to be included in a UCC financing statement for such jurisdiction.

(b) Not later than five Business Days after financial statements are required to be delivered pursuant to Section 4.01(a), Holdings or the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of Holdings or the Issuer (i) setting forth the information required pursuant to Paragraphs 1, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the Perfection Certificate or confirming that there has been no change in such information since the later of (x) the date of the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Issue Date or (y) the date of the most recent certificate delivered pursuant to this Section 4.05, (ii) identifying any (x) new Intermediate Parent or (y) Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary that has become, or ceased to be, a Material Subsidiary or an Excluded Subsidiary during the most recently ended fiscal year and (iii) certifying that all notices required to be given by Section 4.05 prior to the date of such certificate have been given.

Section 4.06 Existence; Conduct of Business.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, do or cause to be done all things necessary to obtain, preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its legal existence and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges, franchises, Intellectual Property and Governmental Approvals material to the conduct of its business, except to the extent (other than with respect to the preservation of the existence of Holdings and the Issuer) that the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, amalgamation, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution permitted under Section 5.03 or any Disposition permitted by Section 5.05.

Section 4.07 Payment of Taxes, etc.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, pay all Taxes (whether or not shown on a Tax return) imposed upon it or its income or properties or in respect of its property or assets, before the same shall become delinquent or in default, except where (a) the same are being contested in good faith by an appropriate proceeding diligently conducted by Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries or (b) the failure to make payment would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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Section 4.08 Maintenance of Properties.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, keep and maintain all tangible property material to the conduct of its business in good working order and condition (casualty, condemnation and ordinary wear and tear excepted), except where the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

Section 4.09 Insurance.

(a) Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, maintain, with insurance companies that Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of the management of Holdings) are financially sound and responsible at the time the relevant coverage is placed or renewed, insurance in at least such amounts (after giving effect to any self-insurance which Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of management of Holdings) is reasonable and prudent in light of the size and nature of its business) and against at least such risks (and with such risk retentions) as Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment or the management of Holdings) are reasonable and prudent in light of the size and nature of its business, and will furnish to the Holders, upon written request from the Controlling Party, information presented in reasonable detail as to the insurance so carried. The Issuer shall, and shall cause each Restricted Subsidiary organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction to (i) name the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Holders, as an additional insured as its interests may appear on each such general liability policy of insurance and each casualty insurance policy belonging to or insuring such Restricted Subsidiary (other than directors and officers policies, workers compensation policies and business interruption insurance) and (ii) in the case of each property insurance policy belonging to or insuring a Restricted Subsidiary organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction, include a loss payable clause or mortgagee endorsement that names the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Note Secured Parties, as the loss payee or mortgagee, as applicable, thereunder, subject to the provisions of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

(b) If any portion of a building or other improvement included in any Mortgaged Property is at any time located in an area identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (or any successor agency) as a special flood hazard area with respect to which flood insurance has been made available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (as now or hereafter in effect or under any successor statute thereto), then the Issuer shall, or shall cause each Note Party to (i) maintain, or cause to be maintained, with insurance companies that Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of the management of Holdings) are financially sound and responsible at the time the relevant coverage is placed or renewed, flood insurance in an amount and otherwise sufficient to comply with all applicable rules and regulations promulgated pursuant to the Flood Insurance Laws and (ii) furnish to the Holders, upon written request from the Controlling Party, information presented in reasonable detail as to the flood insurance so carried.

Section 4.10 Books and Records.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, maintain proper books of record and account in which entries that are full, true and correct in all material respects and are in conformity with GAAP (or applicable local standards) consistently applied shall be made of all material financial transactions and matters involving the assets and business of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be.

 

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Section 4.11 Compliance with Laws.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, comply with all Requirements of Law (including Environmental Laws and the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act) with respect to it, its property and operations, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

Section 4.12 Use of Proceeds.

The Issuer will use the proceeds of the Initial Notes directly or indirectly to consummate the Transactions and otherwise for general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures, to fund Permitted Acquisitions, Investments permitted hereunder, Restricted Payments and other transactions not prohibited by this Indenture.

Section 4.13 Additional Subsidiaries.

(a) If (i) any additional Restricted Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary, or any Intermediate Parent, in each case, organized in a Covered Jurisdiction, is formed or acquired after the Issue Date, (ii) any Restricted Subsidiary ceases to be an Excluded Subsidiary (other than any Immaterial Subsidiary that becomes a Material Subsidiary, which shall be subject to Section 4.13(b)) or (iii) the Issuer, at its option, elects to cause a Subsidiary organized in a Covered Jurisdiction, a subsidiary that is otherwise an Excluded Subsidiary (including any Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary or any consolidated Affiliate in which the Issuer and its Subsidiaries own no Equity Interest or that is organized in a non-Covered Jurisdiction) to become a Subsidiary Note Party, then in each case of (i), (ii) and (iii) Holdings or the Issuer will, within 30 days (or such longer period as may be agreed to by the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) in its reasonable discretion) after (x) such newly formed or acquired Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent is formed or acquired, (y) such Restricted Subsidiary ceases to be an Excluded Subsidiary or (z) the Issuer has made such election, notify the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party thereof, and will cause such Restricted Subsidiary (unless such Restricted Subsidiary is an Excluded Subsidiary) or Intermediate Parent to satisfy the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent and with respect to any Equity Interest in or Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent owned by or on behalf of any Note Party within 30 days after such notice (or such longer period as the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) shall reasonably agree). The Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party a completed Perfection Certificate (or supplement thereof) with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent signed by a Responsible Officer of Holdings or of such applicable Restricted Subsidiary, together with all attachments contemplated thereby concurrently with the satisfaction of the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent.

(b) Within 45 days (or such longer period as otherwise provided in this Indenture or as the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) may

 

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reasonably agree) after Holdings or the Issuer identifies any new Material Subsidiary pursuant to Section 4.05(b), all actions (if any) required to be taken with respect to such Subsidiary in order to satisfy the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall have been taken with respect to such Subsidiary, to the extent not already satisfied pursuant to Section 4.13(a).

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event any Material Real Property would be required to be mortgaged pursuant to this Section 4.13, the applicable Note Party shall be required to comply with the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” as it relates to such Material Real Property within 90 days, following the latter of the date such Subsidiary becomes a Note Party and the acquisition of such Material Real Property, or such longer time period as agreed by the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) in its reasonable discretion.

Section 4.14 Further Assurances.

(a) Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Note Party to, execute any and all further documents, financing statements, agreements and instruments, and take all such further actions (including the filing and recording of financing statements, fixture filings, mortgages, deeds of trust and other documents), that may be required under any applicable law and that the Trustee or the Controlling Party may reasonably request, to cause the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement to be and remain satisfied, all at the expense of the Note Parties.

(b) If, after the Issue Date, any material assets (other than Excluded Assets), including any Material Real Property, are acquired by the Issuer or any other Note Party or are held by any Subsidiary on or after the time it becomes a Note Party pursuant to Section 4.13 (other than assets constituting Collateral under a Security Document that become subject to the Lien created by such Security Document upon acquisition thereof or constituting Excluded Assets), the Issuer will notify the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party thereof, and, if requested by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party, the Issuer will cause such assets to be subjected to a Lien securing the Notes Obligations and will take and cause the other Note Parties to take, such actions as shall be necessary and reasonably requested by the Trustee or the Controlling Party to grant and perfect such Liens, including actions described in paragraph (a) of this Section 4.14 and as required pursuant to the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” all at the expense of the Note Parties and subject to the last paragraph of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement.” In the event any Material Real Property is mortgaged pursuant to this Section 4.14(b), the Issuer or such other Note Party, as applicable, shall be required to comply with the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” and paragraph (a) of this Section 4.14 within 90 days following the acquisition of such Material Real Property or such longer time period as agreed by the Trustee and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) in its reasonable discretion.

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Notes Documents, it is understood and agreed that from and after the Disposition Date and prior to the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations, (A) to the extent the Credit Agreement Agent is satisfied with or agrees to any deliveries of or other arrangements with respect to the Shared Collateral (as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement), the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Holders and the other Secured Parties, as the case may be, shall be deemed to be satisfied with the corresponding deliveries or other arrangements in respect of the Shared Collateral so long as such deliveries and other arrangements

 

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with respect to the Shared Collateral are the same as those with which the Credit Agreement Agent was satisfied or to which the Credit Agreement Agent agreed, (B) if the Credit Agreement Agent grants an extension of time pursuant to a provision in the Credit Agreement or the other loan documents, in each case, with respect to Shared Collateral (as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement) or the provision of guarantees in respect of the First Lien Obligations, the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Holders and the other Secured Parties, as the case may be, shall automatically be deemed to accept such extension of time hereunder with respect to the corresponding matters under the Notes Documents and (C) if the Credit Agreement Agent exercises its discretion under the Senior Debt Documents to determine that (I) any Subsidiary of the Issuer shall be an “Excluded Subsidiary” under the exclusion in the Credit Agreement corresponding to clause (e) of the definition of “Excluded Subsidiary” contained herein or (II) any asset shall be an “Excluded Asset” under the exclusion in the Credit Agreement corresponding to clause (n) of the definition of “Excluded Assets” contained herein or (III) any Subsidiary shall be a Loan Party (as defined in the Credit Agreement) under the Senior Debt Documents (or released from being a Loan Party (as defined in the Credit Agreement) thereunder) or any asset shall be Collateral under the Senior Debt Documents (or any Lien on any Collateral is released thereunder), then in each of clauses (C)(I), (II) and (III), the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Holders and the other Secured Parties, as the case may be, shall automatically be deemed to accept such determination hereunder and, in the case of the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate from the Issuer accompanied by evidence of the Credit Agreement Agent consent, shall execute any documentation, if applicable, in connection therewith. Neither the Trustee nor the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be liable for any such release undertaken in reliance upon any such Officer’s Certificate.

(d) The Issuer hereby agrees to deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Controlling Party in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party, the items described on Schedule 4.14 hereof on or before the dates specified with respect to such items, or such later dates as may be agreed to by the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders).

Section 4.15 Designation of Subsidiaries

The Issuer may at any time after the Issue Date designate any Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary or any Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that (i) immediately after such designation on a Pro Forma Basis, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (ii) immediately after giving effect to such designation, on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio shall not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (iii) no Subsidiary may be designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary or continue as an Unrestricted Subsidiary if it is a “Restricted Subsidiary” for the purpose of the Credit Agreement or any other Material Indebtedness of Holdings or the Issuer. The designation of any Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date shall constitute an Investment by the Issuer therein at the date of designation in an amount equal to the fair market value of the Issuer’s or their respective subsidiaries’ (as applicable) investment therein. The designation of any Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary shall constitute (i) the incurrence at the time of designation of any Investment, Indebtedness or Liens of such Subsidiary existing at such time and (ii) a return on any Investment by the Issuer in Unrestricted Subsidiaries pursuant to the preceding sentence in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value at the date of such designation of the Issuer’s or its Subsidiaries’ (as applicable) Investment in such Subsidiary.

 

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Section 4.16 Lines of Business

The Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, will not fundamentally and substantively alter the character of their business, taken as a whole, from the business conducted by them on the Issue Date and other business activities which are extensions thereof or otherwise incidental, reasonably related or ancillary to any of the foregoing.

Section 4.17 Compliance Certificate

(a) The Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year ending after the Issue Date, a certificate from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer stating that a review of the activities of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Responsible Officer of the Issuer with a view to determining whether the Issuer has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to such Responsible Officer of the Issuer signing such certificate, that to the best of his or her knowledge the Issuer has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every condition and covenant contained in this Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions, covenants and conditions of this Indenture (or, if a Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults of which he or she may have knowledge and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto).

(b) When any Default has occurred and is continuing under this Indenture, or if the Trustee or the holder of any other evidence of Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary gives any notice or takes any other action with respect to a claimed Default, the Issuer shall promptly (which shall be no more than five (5) Business Days upon becoming aware of any Default) deliver to the Trustee by registered or certified mail or by facsimile transmission an Officer’s Certificate specifying such event, its status and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

Section 4.18 Stay, Extension and Usury Laws

The Issuer and each of the Notes Guarantors covenant (to the extent that they may lawfully do so) that they shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Issuer and each of the Notes Guarantors (to the extent that they may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waive all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenant that they shall not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

ARTICLE 5

NEGATIVE COVENANTS

Section 5.01 Indebtedness; Certain Equity Securities

(a) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Indebtedness, except:

(i) (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Note Party under this Indenture and the other Notes Documents in respect of the Initial Notes and (B) any Permitted Refinancing in respect thereof;

 

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(ii) Indebtedness, including intercompany Indebtedness, outstanding on the Issue Date and listed on Schedule 5.01, and any Permitted Refinancing thereof;

(iii) Guarantees by the Issuer and any of the Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary otherwise permitted hereunder; provided that (A) such Guarantee is otherwise permitted by Section 5.04, (B) no Guarantee by any Restricted Subsidiary of the Credit Agreement or any Junior Financing shall be permitted unless such Restricted Subsidiary shall have also provided a Guarantee of the Notes Obligations pursuant to this Indenture and (C) if the Indebtedness being Guaranteed is subordinated to the Notes Obligations, such Guarantee shall be subordinated to the Guarantee of the Notes Obligations on terms at least as favorable to the Holders as those contained in the subordination of such Indebtedness;

(iv) Indebtedness of the Issuer owing to any Restricted Subsidiary or of any Restricted Subsidiary owing to any other Restricted Subsidiary or the Issuer, to the extent permitted by Section 5.04; provided that all such Indebtedness of any Note Party owing to any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party shall be subordinated to the Notes Obligations (but only to the extent permitted by applicable law and not giving rise to adverse tax consequences) on terms (i) at least as favorable to the Holders as those set forth in the Intercompany Note or (ii) otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party;

(v) (A) Indebtedness (including Capital Lease Obligations and purchase money Indebtedness) incurred, issued or assumed by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary to finance the acquisition, purchase, lease, construction, repair, replacement or improvement of fixed or capital property, equipment or other assets; provided that such Indebtedness is incurred concurrently with or within 270 days after the applicable acquisition, purchase, lease, construction, repair, replacement or improvement, and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness set forth in the immediately preceding clause (A) (or successive Permitted Refinancings thereof); provided, further that, at the time of any such incurrence of Indebtedness and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto and the use of the proceeds thereof, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness that is outstanding in reliance on this clause (v) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $96,000,000 and (B) 24% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(vi) Indebtedness in respect of Swap Agreements incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(vii) (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred or issued and/or (b) assumed after the Issue Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition, Permitted Change of Control or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 5.04; provided that, with respect to clause (a) above, (i) to the extent such obligor or any guarantor is a Note Party, such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a senior basis to the Notes Obligations, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, (I) the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (II) the Issuer shall be in Pro Forma

 

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Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the most recently ended Test Period (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable under the Credit Agreement at such time) and (III) no Specified Event of Default shall exist or result therefrom (at the time of execution of a binding agreement in respect thereof), and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date) and (2) such Indebtedness does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the remaining term of the Notes (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing Indebtedness which does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Notes); provided, however, that, if such Indebtedness constitutes term loans, amortization of such term loans, to the extent that it does not exceed 1.0% per annum, shall be disregarded in calculating the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such term loans; provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (vii)(A)(a) or (vii)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (vii)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness incurred in reliance on Section 5.01(a)(viii) and (x) and outstanding of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on Section 5.01(a)(viii) and 5.01(a)(x)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of $96,000,000 and 24% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(viii) (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred and/or issued or (b) assumed after the Issue Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition, Permitted Change of Control or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 5.04; provided that, with respect to clause (a) above, (i) to the extent such obligor or any guarantor is a Note Party, such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Notes Obligations, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, (I) the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (II) the Issuer shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the most recently ended Test Period (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable under the Credit Agreement at such time) and (III) no Specified Event of Default shall exist or result therefrom (at the time of execution of a binding agreement in respect thereof), and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date), (2) such Indebtedness does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the remaining term of the Notes (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing Indebtedness which does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Notes); provided, however, that, if such Indebtedness constitutes term loans, amortization of such term

 

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loans, to the extent that it does not exceed 1.0% per annum, shall be disregarded in calculating the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such term loans and (3) the covenants, events of default and guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Indenture (when taken as a whole) are to the Holders (unless (1) the Holders under the Notes also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the Trustee or any Holder to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) also added or modified for the benefit of the Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility under the Credit Agreement), (2) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Final Maturity Date at such time, or (3) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party and the Issuer); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (viii)(A)(a) or (viii)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (viii)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on Sections 5.01(a)(vii) and 5.01(a)(x)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of $96,000,000 and 24% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(ix) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Note Party in respect of Term Loans outstanding on the Issue Date and Indebtedness outstanding or permitted to be incurred in respect of the Revolving Commitments in effect on the Issue Date;

(x) (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred and/or issued or (b) assumed after the Issue Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 5.04; provided that (i) such Indebtedness is unsecured, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness (X) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio as of the end of such time is less than or equal to 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (Y) the Issuer shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the most recently ended Test Period (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable under the Credit Agreement at such time) and (Z) no Specified Event of Default shall exist or result therefrom, and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date); and and (2) the covenants,

 

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events of default and guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Indenture (when taken as a whole) are to the Holders (unless (I) Holders under the existing Notes also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the Required Holder to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) added or modified for the benefit of any Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility under the Credit Agreement), (II) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Final Maturity Date at such time, or (III) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party and the Issuer); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer delivered to the Trustee and the Holders promptly after the incurrence of such Indebtedness, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or copies of the principal documentation relating thereto, stating that the Issuer has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement); (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (x)(A)(a) or (ix)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (ix)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on Sections 5.01(a)(vii) and 5.01(a)(viii)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of $96,000,000 and 24% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xi) Indebtedness incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary in connection with bankers’ acceptances, discounted bills of exchange or the discounting or factoring of receivables for credit management purposes, in each case incurred or undertaken in the ordinary course of business on arm’s length commercial terms on a non-recourse basis;

(xii) Settlement Indebtedness;

(xiii) Indebtedness in respect of Cash Management Obligations and other Indebtedness in respect of netting services, automated clearinghouse arrangements, overdraft protections and similar arrangements, in each case, in connection with deposit accounts or from the honoring of a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business;

(xiv) Indebtedness consisting of obligations under deferred compensation (including indemnification obligations, obligations in respect of purchase price adjustments, earn-outs, incentive non-competes and other contingent obligations) or other similar arrangements incurred or assumed in connection with any Permitted Acquisition, any Permitted Change of Control, any other Investment or any Disposition, in each case, permitted under this Indenture;

 

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(xv) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary) which Indebtedness is either (A) unsecured or (B) (x) if the issuer or any guarantor of such Indebtedness is a Note Party and such Indebtedness is secured, then such Indebtedness is secured on a junior basis to the Notes Obligations and the agent for the holders of which have entered into the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement or (y) if neither the issuer of such Indebtedness nor any guarantor of such Indebtedness is a Note Party, secured; provided that, at the time of the incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness outstanding in reliance on this clause (xv) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $235,000,000 and (B) 60% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xvi) (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary) (“Acquired Debt”); provided that (1)(x) if such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a senior basis to the Notes Obligations and the agent for such Indebtedness has become a party to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (y) if such Indebtedness is secured on a pari passu basis to the Notes Obligations and the agent for such Indebtedness has become a party to the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (z) if such Indebtedness is unsecured, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period; (2) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date); and (3) the covenants, events of default and/or guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Indenture (when taken as a whole) are to the Holders (unless (I) Holders under the existing Notes also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the Trustee or any Holder to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) added or modified for the benefit of any Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit

 

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facility under the Credit Agreement (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility under the Credit Agreement), (II) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Final Maturity Date at such time, or (III) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party and the Issuer); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer delivered to the Trustee and the Holders promptly after the incurrence of such Indebtedness, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or copies of the principal documentation relating thereto, stating that the Issuer has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (xvi) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness incurred in reliance on Section 5.01(a)(xvii) and outstanding of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $96,000,000 and (B) 24% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period;

(xvii) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in an aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate amount of cash contributions made to the capital of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (to the extent Not Otherwise Applied) after the Issue Date; provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (xvii) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness incurred in reliance on Section 5.01(a)(xvi) and outstanding of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $96,000,000 and (B) 24% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xviii) Indebtedness consisting of (A) the financing of insurance premiums or (B) take-or-pay obligations contained in supply arrangements, in each case, in the ordinary course of business;

(xix) Indebtedness supported by a Letter of Credit, in a principal amount not to exceed the face amount of such Letter of Credit;

(xx) Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt, and any Permitted Refinancing thereof;

(xxi) Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt and Permitted Third Priority Refinancing Debt, and any Permitted Refinancing of any of the foregoing;

(xxii) (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Note Party issued in lieu of Second Lien Incremental Facilities consisting of (i) one or more series of secured or unsecured loans, bonds, notes or debentures (which loans, bonds, notes or debentures, if secured, may be secured either by Liens pari passu with the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations or by Liens having a junior priority relative to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations) (and any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor), (ii) one or more series of secured or unsecured loans, bonds, notes or debentures (which loans, bonds, notes or debentures, if secured, may be secured by Liens having a junior priority relative to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations) or (iii) an ABL Facility (the “Second Lien Incremental

 

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Equivalent Debt”); provided that (x) the aggregate principal amount of all such Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence, the Incremental Cap at such time, (y) such Indebtedness complies with the provisions of the Required Additional Debt Terms (provided that clause (e) of the definition of “Required Additional Debt Terms” shall not apply to such Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt) and (z) such Indebtedness shall not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Notes (provided, however, that, if such Indebtedness constitutes term loans, amortization of such term loans, to the extent that it does not exceed 1.0% per annum, shall be disregarded in calculating the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such term loans); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A);

(xxiii) Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party; provided that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance of this clause (xxiii) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $48,000,000 and (B) 12% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xxiv) Indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees, warehouse receipts, bankers’ acceptances or similar instruments issued or created in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice, including in respect of workers compensation claims, health, disability or other employee benefits or property, casualty or liability insurance or self-insurance or other reimbursement-type obligations regarding workers compensation claims;

(xxv) Indebtedness and obligations in respect of self-insurance and obligations in respect of performance, bid, appeal and surety bonds and performance and completion guarantees and similar obligations provided by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto, in each case, in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

(xxvi) Indebtedness representing deferred compensation or stock-based compensation owed to employees, consultants or independent contractors of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries incurred in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

(xxvii) Indebtedness consisting of unsecured promissory notes issued by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary to future, current or former officers, directors, employees, managers and consultants or their respective estates, spouses or former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees, in each case to finance the purchase or redemption of Equity Interests of the Issuer (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) to the extent permitted by Section 5.07(a);

(xxviii) Indebtedness incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility;

(xxix) Indebtedness consisting of Permitted First Priority Debt any Permitted Refinancing; provided that such Indebtedness is subject to a Customary Intercreditor Agreement;

 

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(xxx) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Note Parties in respect of any Incremental Facility or Refinancing Facility permitted to be incurred under the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date; provided that the aggregate principal amount Incremental Facilities incurred pursuant to this clause (xxx) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence, the Incremental Cap at such time; and

(xxxi) all premiums (if any), interest (including post-petition interest), fees, expenses, charges and additional or contingent interest on obligations described in clauses (i) through (xxx) above.

provided, that any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this Section 5.01 in the form of floating rate Indebtedness that (x) is denominated in Dollars (y) ranks equal in right of payment with the Initial Notes and (z) is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Notes Obligations shall be subject to the MFN Provision.

(b) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, issue any preferred Equity Interests or any Disqualified Equity Interests, except (A) in the case of the Issuer, preferred Equity Interests that are Qualified Equity Interests and (B) (x) preferred Equity Interests issued to and held by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary and (y) other preferred Equity Interests issued to and held by joint venture partners after the Issue Date; provided that in the case of this clause (y) any such issuance of preferred Equity Interests shall be deemed to be incurred Indebtedness and subject to the provisions set forth in Section 5.01(a) and (b).

For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 5.01, (i) in the event that an item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Indebtedness described in clauses (a)(i) through (a)(xxxi) above, the Issuer may, in its sole discretion, at the time of incurrence, divide, classify or reclassify, or at any later time divide, classify or reclassify, such item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) and will only be required to include the amount and type of such Indebtedness in one or more of the above clauses; provided that (x) all Indebtedness outstanding under the Notes Documents in respect of the Initial Notes will at all times be deemed to have been incurred in reliance only on the exception in Section 5.01(a)(i)(A), (y) all Indebtedness outstanding under the Credit Agreement on the Issue Date will at all times be deemed to have been incurred in reliance only on the exception in Section 5.01(a)(ix) and (z) all Indebtedness incurred in the form of an Incremental Facility or Refinancing Facility will at all times be deemed to have been incurred in reliance only on the exception in Section 5.01(a)(xxx).

Notwithstanding any other provision herein, the Issuer shall not be permitted to incur Indebtedness if (x) the Liens on Collateral securing such Indebtedness are junior to the Liens on Collateral securing the First Lien Obligations but senior to the Liens on such Collateral securing the Notes Obligations or (y) the priority of payments on such Indebtedness is junior and subordinate to the First Lien Obligations but senior in priority of payment to the Notes Obligations.

In addition to the foregoing, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Holdings and the Issuer shall not, and shall not permit any Guarantor to, directly or indirectly, incur any Indebtedness that is secured and that is, by its express terms, subordinated as to rights to receive, or subject to turnover of, payments or proceeds of collateral to any other Indebtedness of Holdings, the Issuer or a Guarantor secured in whole or in part by the same collateral (including any “first-loss” or “last-out” tranche under (x) the Credit Agreement or (y) the documentation governing any other First Lien Obligations), unless (1) such Indebtedness ranks pari passu or junior in right of payment with the Notes and (2) the Liens securing such Indebtedness rank pari passu or junior to the Liens securing the Obligations.

 

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Section 5.02 Liens

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien on any property or asset now owned (but not leased) or hereafter acquired (but not leased) by it, except:

(i) Liens created under the First Lien Loan Documents and the Notes Documents securing the Notes Obligations in respect of the Initial Notes;

(ii) Permitted Encumbrances;

(iii) Liens existing on the Issue Date; provided that any Lien securing Indebtedness or other obligations in excess of $1,000,000 individually shall only be permitted if set forth on Schedule 5.02 (unless such Lien is permitted by another clause in this Section 5.02) and any modifications, replacements, renewals or extensions thereof; provided further that such modified, replacement, renewal or extension Lien does not extend to any additional property other than (1) after-acquired property that is affixed or incorporated into the property covered by such Lien or financed by Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01 and (2) proceeds and products thereof;

(iv) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01(a)(v); provided that (A) such Liens attach concurrently with or within 270 days after the acquisition, repair, replacement, construction or improvement (as applicable) of the property subject to such Liens, (B) such Liens do not at any time encumber any property other than the property financed by such Indebtedness except for replacements, additions, accessions and improvements to such property and the proceeds and the products thereof, and any lease of such property (including accessions thereto) and the proceeds and products thereof and customary security deposits and (C) with respect to Capital Lease Obligations, such Liens do not at any time extend to or cover any assets (except for replacements, additions, accessions and improvements to or proceeds of such assets) other than the assets subject to such Capital Lease Obligations; provided further that individual financings of equipment provided by one lender may be cross collateralized to other financings of equipment provided by such lender;

(v) easements, leases, licenses, subleases or sublicenses granted to others (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property) that do not (A) interfere in any material respect with the business of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (B) secure any Indebtedness and (ii) any interest or title of a lessor or licensee under any lease, sublease (including financing statements regarding property subject to a lease) or license entered into by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary not in violation of this Indenture;

(vi) Liens in favor of customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of customs duties in connection with the importation of goods;

(vii) Liens (A) of a collection bank arising under Section 4-210 of the Uniform Commercial Code, or any comparable or successor provision, on items in the course of collection; (B) attaching to pooling, commodity trading accounts or other commodity brokerage accounts incurred in the ordinary course of business; or (C) in favor of a banking or other financial institution or entity, or electronic payment service provider, arising as a matter of law encumbering deposits (including the right of setoff) and that are within the general parameters customary in the banking or finance industry;

 

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(viii) Liens (A) on cash advances or escrow deposits in favor of the seller of any property to be acquired in an Investment permitted pursuant to Section 5.04 to be applied against the purchase price for such Investment or otherwise in connection with any escrow arrangements with respect to any such Investment or any Disposition permitted under Section 5.05 (including any letter of intent or purchase agreement with respect to such Investment or Disposition), or (B) consisting of an agreement to dispose of any property in a Disposition permitted under Section 5.05, in each case, solely to the extent such Investment or Disposition, as the case may be, would have been permitted on the date of the creation of such Lien;

(ix) Liens on property or other assets of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, which Liens secure Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary or another Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, in each case permitted under Section 5.01(a);

(x) Liens granted by a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in favor of any Restricted Subsidiary and Liens granted by a Note Party in favor of any other Note Party;

(xi) Liens existing on property or other assets at the time of its acquisition or existing on the property or other assets of any Person at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, in each case after the Issue Date and any modifications, replacements, renewals or extensions thereof; provided that (A) such Lien was not created in contemplation of such acquisition or such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and (B) such Lien does not extend to or cover any other assets or property (other than any replacements of such property or assets and additions and accessions thereto, the proceeds or products thereof and other than after-acquired property subject to a Lien securing Indebtedness and other obligations incurred prior to such time and which Indebtedness and other obligations are permitted hereunder that require or include, pursuant to their terms at such time, a pledge of after-acquired property, it being understood that such requirement shall not be permitted to apply to any property to which such requirement would not have applied but for such acquisition);

(xii) Liens on cash, Permitted Investments or other marketable securities securing Letters of Credit of any Note Party that are cash collateralized on the Issue Date in an amount of cash, Permitted Investments or other marketable securities with a Fair Market Value of up to 105% of the face amount of such Letters of Credit being secured;

(xiii) Liens arising out of conditional sale, title retention, consignment or similar arrangements for sale or purchase of goods by any of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business;

(xiv) Liens deemed to exist in connection with Investments in repurchase agreements under clause (e) of the definition of the term “Permitted Investments”;

(xv) Liens encumbering reasonable customary initial deposits and margin deposits and similar Liens attaching to commodity trading accounts or other brokerage accounts incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(xvi) Liens that are contractual rights of setoff (A) relating to the establishment of depository relations with banks not given in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness, (B) relating to pooled deposit or sweep accounts to permit satisfaction of overdraft or similar obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries or (C) relating to purchase orders and other agreements entered into with customers of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business;

 

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(xvii) ground leases in respect of real property on which facilities owned or leased by the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries are located;

(xviii) Liens on insurance policies and the proceeds thereof securing the financing of the premiums with respect thereto;

(xix) Liens on the Collateral securing Indebtedness and other Credit Agreement Obligations permitted under Section 5.01(a)(vi), (ix) (which Lien may secure Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01(a)(xxx)), (xiii), (xxi) or (xxii);

(xx) Liens securing Indebtedness on real property other than Material Real Property (except as required by this Indenture);

(xxi) Settlement Liens;

(xxii) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01(a)(vii), (viii), (xv) or (xvi); provided any such Liens on Collateral shall be subject to First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or a Customary Intercreditor Agreement;

(xxiii) [Reserved];

(xxiv) Liens on cash and Permitted Investments used to satisfy or discharge Indebtedness; provided such satisfaction or discharge is permitted hereunder;

(xxv) Receipt of progress payments and advances from customers in the ordinary course of business to the extent the same creates a Lien on the related inventory and proceeds thereof;

(xxvi) Liens on Equity Interests of any joint venture (a) securing obligations of such joint venture or (b) pursuant to the relevant joint venture agreement or arrangement;

(xxvii) Liens on cash or Permitted Investments securing Swap Agreements in the ordinary course of business submitted for clearing in accordance with applicable Requirements of Law; provided that the aggregate outstanding amount of obligations secured by Liens existing in reliance on this clause (xxvii) shall not exceed $36,000,000;

(xxviii) other Liens; provided that, at the time of the granting thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the aggregate amount of obligations secured by all Liens incurred in reliance on this clause (xxviii) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $96,000,000 and (B) 24% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently Test Period (provided that, with respect to any such obligation, the amount of such obligation shall be the lesser of (x) the outstanding face amount of such obligation and (y) the fair market value of the assets securing such obligation); provided, further, that no such Liens under this clause (xxviii) shall encumber any Material Real Property (except as required by this Indenture); and

(xxix) Liens on accounts receivable, Securitization Assets and related assets incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility.

 

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Section 5.03 Fundamental Changes; Holdings Covenant

(a) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with any other Person, or permit any other Person to merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with it, or liquidate or dissolve (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not restrict the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary from changing its organizational form), except that:

(i) any Restricted Subsidiary may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with (A) the Issuer; provided that the Issuer shall be the continuing or surviving Person, or (B) any one or more Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, further, that when any Subsidiary Note Party is merging, amalgamating or consolidating with another Restricted Subsidiary (1) the continuing or surviving Person shall be a Subsidiary Note Party or (2) if the continuing or surviving Person is not a Subsidiary Note Party, the acquisition of such Subsidiary Note Party by such surviving Restricted Subsidiary is otherwise permitted under Section 5.04;

(ii) (A) any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with or into any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party and (B) (x) any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) may liquidate or dissolve and (y) any Restricted Subsidiary may change its legal or organizational form if the Issuer determines in good faith that such action is in the best interests of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries and is not materially disadvantageous to the Holders;

(iii) any Restricted Subsidiary may make a Disposition of all or substantially all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to the Issuer or another Restricted Subsidiary; provided that if the transferor in such a transaction is a Note Party, then (A) the transferee must be a Note Party, (B) to the extent constituting an Investment, such Investment is a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in accordance with Section 5.04 or (C) to the extent constituting a Disposition to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, such Disposition is for Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by the Issuer) and any promissory note or other non-cash consideration received in respect thereof is a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in accordance with Section 5.04;

(iv) the Issuer may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with (or Dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to) any other Person; provided that (A) the Issuer shall be the continuing or surviving Person or (B) if the Person formed by or surviving any such merger, amalgamation or consolidation is not the Issuer or is a Person into which the Issuer has been liquidated (or, in connection with a Disposition of all or substantially all of the Issuer’s assets, if the transferee of such assets) (any such Person, the “Successor Issuer”), (1) the Successor Issuer shall be an entity organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction, (2) the Successor Issuer shall expressly assume all of the obligations of the Issuer under this Indenture and the other Notes Documents to which the Issuer is a party pursuant to a supplement hereto or thereto in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party, (3) each Note Party other than the Issuer, unless it is the other party to such merger, amalgamation or consolidation, shall have reaffirmed, pursuant to an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party, that its Guarantee of and grant of any Liens as security for the Notes Obligations shall apply to the Successor Issuer’s obligations under this Indenture and (4) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee and the Controlling Party a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such merger, amalgamation or consolidation complies with this Indenture; provided further that (y) if such Person is not a Note Party, no Event of Default (or, to the extent related to a Limited Condition Transaction, no Specified Event of Default) shall

 

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exist after giving effect to such merger, amalgamation or consolidation and (z) if the foregoing requirements are satisfied, the Successor Issuer will succeed to, and be substituted for, the Issuer under this Indenture and the other Notes Documents; provided further that the Issuer shall have provided any documentation and other information about the Successor Issuer to the extent reasonably requested in writing promptly by the Trustee or any Holder, and in any case within one Business Day following the delivery of the certificate in clause (4), to any Holder or Beneficial Owner of Notes that such Holder or Beneficial Owner shall have reasonably determined is required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including Title III of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act (provided, that for the avoidance of doubt, the Issuer’s failure to deliver information requested after the first Business Day following delivery of the certificate in clause (4) above shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under this Indenture or the Notes Documents);

(v) any Restricted Subsidiary may merge, consolidate or amalgamate with any other Person in order to effect an Investment permitted pursuant to Section 5.04; provided that the continuing or surviving Person shall be the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary, which together with each of the Restricted Subsidiaries, shall have complied with the requirements of Sections 4.13 and 4.14;

(vi) [reserved]; and

(vii) any Restricted Subsidiary may effect a merger, amalgamation, dissolution, liquidation consolidation or amalgamation to effect a Disposition permitted pursuant to Section 5.05.

(b) Holdings will not, and will not permit any Intermediate Parent to, conduct, transact or otherwise engage in any business or operations other than (i) the ownership and/or acquisition of the Equity Interests of the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent and any other Subsidiary, (ii) the maintenance of its legal existence, including the ability to incur fees, costs and expenses relating to such maintenance, (iii) participating in tax, accounting and other administrative matters as a member of the consolidated group of Holdings and its Subsidiaries, (iv) the performance of its obligations under and in connection with the Notes Documents, any documentation governing any Indebtedness or Guarantee and the other agreements contemplated hereby and thereby, (v) any public offering of its or any of its direct or indirect parent’s common stock or any other issuance or registration of its Equity Interests for sale or resale not prohibited by this Indenture, including the costs, fees and expenses related thereto, (vi) making any dividend or distribution or other transaction similar to a Restricted Payment and not otherwise prohibited by Section 5.08, or any Investment in the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent or any other Subsidiary, (vii) the incurrence of any Indebtedness, (viii) incurring fees, costs and expenses relating to overhead and general operating including professional fees for legal, tax and accounting issues and paying taxes, (ix) providing indemnification to officers and members of the Board of Directors, (x) the consummation of any Permitted Change of Control, (xi) activities incidental to the consummation of the Transactions and (xii) activities incidental to the businesses or activities described in clauses (i) to (x) of this paragraph.

(c) Holdings will not, and will not permit any Intermediate Parent to, own or acquire any material assets (other than Equity Interests as referred to in paragraph (b)(i) above, cash and Permitted Investments, intercompany Investments in any Intermediate Parent, Subsidiary or Issuer permitted hereunder) or incur any liabilities (other than liabilities as referred to in paragraph (b)(vii) above, liabilities imposed by law, including tax liabilities, and other liabilities incidental to its existence and business and activities permitted by this Indenture).

 

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Section 5.04 Investments, Loans, Advances, Guarantees and Acquisitions

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make or hold any Investment, except:

(a) Permitted Investments at the time such Permitted Investment is made and purchases of assets in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

(b) loans or advances to officers, members of the Board of Directors and employees of Holdings, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries (i) for reasonable and customary business-related travel, entertainment, relocation and analogous ordinary business purposes, (ii) in connection with such Person’s purchase of Equity Interests of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) (provided that the amount of such loans and advances made in cash to such Person shall be contributed to the Issuer in cash as common equity or Qualified Equity Interests) and (iii) for purposes not described in the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), in an aggregate principal amount outstanding under this clause (iii) at any time not to exceed $36,000,000;

(c) Investments by the Issuer in any Restricted Subsidiary and Investments by any Restricted Subsidiary in the Issuer or any other Restricted Subsidiary; provided that, in the case of any Investment by a Note Party in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom;

(d) Investments consisting of extensions of trade credit and accommodation guarantees in the ordinary course of business;

(e) Investments (i) existing or contemplated on the Issue Date and set forth on Schedule 5.04 and any modification, replacement, renewal, reinvestment or extension thereof and (ii) Investments existing on the Issue Date by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary and any modification, renewal or extension thereof; provided that the amount of the original Investment is not increased except by the terms of such Investment to the extent as set forth on Schedule 5.04 or as otherwise permitted by this Section 5.04;

(f) Investments in Swap Agreements incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(g) promissory notes and other non-cash consideration received in connection with Dispositions permitted by Section 5.05;

(h) Permitted Acquisitions;

(i) the Transactions;

(j) Investments in the ordinary course of business consisting of Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 endorsements for collection or deposit and Uniform Commercial Code Article 4 customary trade arrangements with customers in the ordinary course of business;

(k) Investments (including debt obligations and Equity Interests) received in connection with the bankruptcy or reorganization of suppliers and customers or in settlement of delinquent obligations of, or other disputes with, customers and suppliers or upon the foreclosure with respect to any secured Investment or other transfer of title with respect to any secured Investment;

 

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(l) loans and advances to Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent (x) in lieu of, and not in excess of the amount of (after giving effect to any other loans, advances or Restricted Payments in respect thereof), Restricted Payments to the extent permitted to be made to Holdings (or such parent) or such Intermediate Parent in accordance with Section 5.07(a) and (y) to the extent the proceeds thereof are contributed or loaned or advanced to any Restricted Subsidiary;

(m) additional Investments and other acquisitions; provided that at the time any such Investment or other acquisition is made, the aggregate outstanding amount of such Investment or acquisition made in reliance on this clause (m), together with the aggregate amount of all consideration paid in connection with all other Investments and acquisitions made in reliance on this clause (m) (including the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness assumed in connection with any such other Investment or acquisition previously made under this clause (m)), shall not exceed the sum of the greater of (i)(A) $235,000,000 and (B) 60% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period after giving Pro Forma Effect to the making of such Investment or other acquisition, plus (ii) so long as immediately after giving effect to any such Investment (x) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and (y) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment plus (iii) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment; plus (C) the General Restricted Payment Reallocated Amount; plus (D) the Junior Debt Payment Reallocated Amount;

(n) advances of payroll payments to employees in the ordinary course of business;

(o) Investments and other acquisitions to the extent that payment for such Investments is made with Qualified Equity Interests (excluding Qualified Equity Interests the proceeds of which will be applied to cure any default under any “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant under the Credit Agreement) of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof or the IPO Entity);

(p) Investments of a Subsidiary acquired after the Issue Date or of a Person merged, amalgamated or consolidated with any Subsidiary in accordance with this Section 5.04 and Section 5.03 after the Issue Date or that otherwise becomes a Subsidiary (provided that if such Investment is made under Section 5.04(h), existing Investments in subsidiaries of such Subsidiary or Person shall comply with the requirements of Section 5.04(h)) to the extent that such Investments were not made in contemplation of or in connection with such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation and were in existence on the date of such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation;

(q) receivables owing to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, if created or acquired in the ordinary course of business;

(r) Investments (A) for utilities, security deposits, leases and similar prepaid expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business and (B) trade accounts created, or prepaid expenses accrued, in the ordinary course of business;

(s) non-cash Investments in connection with tax planning and reorganization activities; provided that after giving effect to any such activities, the security interests of the Holders in the Collateral, taken as a whole, would not be materially impaired;

(t) additional Investments so long as at the time of any such Investment and after giving effect thereto, (A) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is no greater than 7.00 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (B) no Event of Default exists or would result therefrom;

 

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(u) Investments consisting of Indebtedness, Liens, fundamental changes, Dispositions and Restricted Payments permitted (other than by reference to this Section 5.04(v)) under 5.01, 5.02, 5.03, 5.05 and 5.07, respectively;

(v) contributions to a “rabbi” trust for the benefit of employees, directors, consultants, independent contractors or other service providers or other grantor trust subject to claims of creditors in the case of a bankruptcy of the Issuer;

(w) to the extent that they constitute Investments, purchases and acquisitions of inventory, supplies, materials or equipment or purchases, acquisitions, licenses or leases of other assets, Intellectual Property, or other rights, in each case in the ordinary course of business;

(x) any Investment in any Subsidiary or any joint venture in connection with intercompany cash management arrangements or related activities arising in the ordinary course of business;

(y) Investments by an Unrestricted Subsidiary entered into prior to the day such Unrestricted Subsidiary is redesignated as a Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary”;

(z) Investments in or relating to a Securitization Subsidiary that, in the good faith determination of the Issuer are necessary or advisable to effect any Qualified Securitization Facility or any repurchase obligation in connection therewith, including, without limitation, Investments of funds held in accounts permitted or required by the arrangements governing such Qualified Securitization Facilities or any related Indebtedness; and

(aa) Investments in the ordinary course of business in connection with Settlements.

Section 5.05 Asset Sales

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, (i) voluntarily sell, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of any asset, including any Equity Interest owned by it or (ii) permit any Restricted Subsidiary to issue any additional Equity Interest in such Restricted Subsidiary (other than issuing directors’ qualifying shares, nominal shares issued to foreign nationals to the extent required by applicable Requirements of Law and other than issuing Equity Interests to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in compliance with Section 5.04(c)) (each, a “Disposition” and the term “Dispose” as a verb has the corresponding meaning), except:

(a) Dispositions of obsolete, damaged, used, surplus or worn out property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, in the ordinary course of business and Dispositions of property no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, in the conduct of the core or principal business of the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiary (including by ceasing to enforce, abandoning, allowing to lapse, terminate or be invalidated, discontinuing the use or maintenance of or putting into the public domain any Intellectual Property that is, in the reasonable judgment of the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries, no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, or in respect of which the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary determines in its reasonable business judgment that such action or inaction is desirable);

 

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(b) Dispositions of inventory and other assets (including Settlement Assets) or held for sale or no longer used in the ordinary course of business and immaterial assets (considered in the aggregate) in the ordinary course of business;

(c) Dispositions of property to the extent that (i) such property is exchanged for credit against the purchase price of similar replacement property or (ii) an amount equal to Net Proceeds of such Disposition are promptly applied to the purchase price of such replacement property;

(d) Dispositions of property to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary; provided that if the transferor in such a transaction is a Note Party, then either (i) the transferee must be a Note Party, (ii) to the extent constituting an Investment, such Investment must be a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in accordance with Section 5.04 or (iii) to the extent constituting a Disposition to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, such Disposition is for Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by the Issuer) and any promissory note or other non-cash consideration received in respect thereof is a permitted investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in accordance with Section 5.04;

(e) Dispositions permitted by Section 5.03, Investments permitted by Section 5.04, Restricted Payments permitted by Section 5.07 and Liens permitted by Section 5.02;

(f) Dispositions of property acquired by the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries after the Issue Date pursuant to sale-leaseback transactions;

(g) Dispositions of Permitted Investments;

(h) Dispositions or forgiveness of accounts receivable in connection with the collection or compromise thereof (including sales to factors or other third parties);

(i) leases, subleases, service agreements, product sales, licenses or sublicenses (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property), in each case that do not materially interfere with the business of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;

(j) transfers of property subject to Casualty Events;

(k) Dispositions of property to Persons other than Restricted Subsidiaries (including the sale or issuance of Equity Interests of a Restricted Subsidiary) for Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer in good faith) not otherwise permitted under this Section 5.05; provided that with respect to any Disposition pursuant to this clause (k) for a purchase price in excess of $240,000,000, the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiaries shall receive not less than 75% of such consideration in the form of cash or Permitted Investments; provided, however, that solely for the purposes of this clause (k), (A) any liabilities (as shown on the most recent balance sheet of the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary or in the footnotes thereto) of the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary, other than liabilities that are by their terms subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations, that are assumed by the transferee with respect to the applicable Disposition and for which the Issuer and all of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall have been validly released by all applicable creditors in writing, shall be deemed to be cash, (B) any securities, notes or other obligations or assets received by the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are converted by the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary into cash or Permitted Investments (to the extent of the cash or Permitted Investments received) within one hundred and eighty (180) days following the closing of the applicable Disposition, shall be deemed to be cash, (C) Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary that ceases to be a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such Disposition (other than intercompany

 

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debt owed to the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries), to the extent that the Issuer and all of the Restricted Subsidiaries (to the extent previously liable thereunder) are released from any guarantee of payment of the principal amount of such Indebtedness in connection with such Disposition, shall be deemed to be cash, (D) any Designated Non-Cash Consideration received by the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary in respect of such Disposition having an aggregate Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer in good faith), taken together with all other Designated Non-Cash Consideration received pursuant to this clause (k) that is at that time outstanding, not in excess of $240,000,000 at the time of the receipt of such Designated Non-Cash Consideration, with the Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer in good faith) of each item of Designated Non-Cash Consideration being measured at the time received and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value, shall be deemed to be cash and (E) at the time of and immediately after giving effect to such Disposition, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; provided, that the Controlling Party may waive such requirement;

(l) Dispositions of Investments in joint ventures to the extent required by, or made pursuant to customary buy/sell arrangements between, the joint venture parties set forth in joint venture arrangements and similar binding arrangements;

(m) any Disposition of the Equity Interests of any Unrestricted Subsidiary;

(n) Dispositions of any assets (including Equity Interests) (A) acquired in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited hereunder, which assets are not used or useful to the core or principal business of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries and (B) made to obtain the approval of any applicable antitrust authority in connection with a Permitted Acquisition;

(o) (i) any Disposition of accounts receivable, Securitization Assets, any participations thereof, or related assets in connection with or any Qualified Securitization Facility, (ii) the sale or discount of inventory, accounts receivable or notes receivable in the ordinary course of business (including sales to factors or other third parties) or in connection with any supplier and/or customer financing or (iii) the conversion of accounts receivable to notes receivable;

(p) transfers of condemned real property as a result of the exercise of “eminent domain” or other similar powers to the respective Governmental Authority or agency that has condemned the same (whether by deed in lieu of condemnation or otherwise), and transfers of real property arising from foreclosure or similar action or that have been subject to a casualty to the respective insurer of such real property as part of an insurance settlement; and

(q) non-exclusive licenses or sublicenses, or other similar grants of rights, to Intellectual Property in the ordinary course of business.

Section 5.06 [Reserved]

Section 5.07 Restricted Payments; Certain Payments of Indebtedness

(a) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, declare or make, or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Payment, except:

(i) each Restricted Subsidiary may make Restricted Payments to (x) the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, provided that in the case of any such Restricted Payment by a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary, such Restricted Payment is made to an Issuer, any Restricted Subsidiary and to each other owner of Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary based on their relative ownership interests of the relevant class of Equity Interests and (y) Holdings to the extent the proceeds of such Restricted Payments are contributed or loaned or advanced to another Restricted Subsidiary;

 

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(ii) the Issuer and each Restricted Subsidiary may declare and make dividend payments or other distributions payable solely in the Equity Interests of such Person;

(iii) Restricted Payments made in connection with the Transactions;

(iv) repurchases of Equity Interests in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings), any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary deemed to occur upon exercise of stock options or warrants if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price or withholding taxes payable in connection with the exercise of such options or warrants or other incentive interests;

(v) Restricted Payments to Holdings or any Intermediate Parent, which Holdings or such Intermediate Parent may use to redeem, acquire, retire, repurchase or settle its Equity Interests (or any options, warrants, restricted stock or stock appreciation rights or similar securities issued with respect to any such Equity Interests) or Indebtedness or to service Indebtedness incurred by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent companies of Holdings to finance the redemption, acquisition, retirement, repurchase or settlement of such Equity Interest or Indebtedness (or make Restricted Payments to allow any of Holdings’ direct or indirect parent companies to so redeem, retire, acquire or repurchase their Equity Interests or their Indebtedness or to service Indebtedness incurred by Holdings or an Intermediate Parent to finance the redemption, acquisition, retirement, repurchase or settlement of such Equity Interests or Indebtedness or to service Indebtedness incurred to finance the redemption, retirement, acquisition or repurchase of such Equity Interests or Indebtedness), held directly or indirectly by current or former officers, managers, consultants, members of the Board of Directors, employees or independent contractors (or their respective spouses, former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees) of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof), any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, upon the death, disability, retirement or termination of employment of any such Person or otherwise in accordance with any stock option or stock appreciation rights plan, any management, director and/or employee stock ownership or incentive plan, stock subscription plan, employment termination agreement or any other employment agreements or equity holders’ agreement in an aggregate amount after the Issue Date together with the aggregate amount of loans and advances to Holdings or an Intermediate Parent made pursuant to Section 5.04(l) in lieu of Restricted Payments permitted by this clause (v) not to exceed $18,000,000 in any calendar year with unused amounts in any calendar year being carried over to succeeding calendar years subject to a maximum of $42,000,000 in any calendar year (without giving effect to the following proviso); provided that such amount in any calendar year may be increased by (1) an amount not to exceed the cash proceeds of key man life insurance policies received by the Issuer (or by Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or an Intermediate Parent and contributed to the Issuer) or the Restricted Subsidiaries after the Issue Date, or (2) the amount of any bona fide cash bonuses otherwise payable to members of the Board of Directors, consultants, officers, employees, managers or independent contractors of Holdings, an Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary that are foregone in return for the receipt of Equity Interests, the Fair Market Value of which is equal to or less than the amount of such cash bonuses, which, if not used in any year, may be carried forward to any subsequent fiscal year; provided further that cancellation of Indebtedness owing to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary from members of the Board of Directors, consultants, officers, employees, managers or independent

 

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contractors (or their respective spouses, former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees) of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with a repurchase of Equity Interests of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent or the Issuer will not be deemed to constitute a Restricted Payment for purposes of this Section 5.07 or any other provisions of this Indenture.

(vi) other Restricted Payments made by the Issuer; provided that, at the time of making such Restricted Payments, (x) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom and (y) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is equal to or less than 6.00 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period;

(vii) the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiary may make Restricted Payments in cash to the Issuer, Holdings and any Intermediate Parent:

(A) as distributions by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary to the Issuer or Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) in amounts required for Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) to pay with respect to any taxable period in which the Issuer and/or any of its Subsidiaries is a member of (or the Issuer is a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes wholly owned by a member of) a consolidated, combined, unitary or similar tax group (a “Tax Group”) for U.S. federal and/or applicable foreign, state or local income tax purposes of which Holdings or any other direct or indirect parent of Holdings is the common parent, Taxes that are attributable to the taxable income, revenue, receipts, gross receipts, gross profits, capital or margin of the Issuer and/or its Subsidiaries; provided that, for each taxable period, the amount of such payments made in respect of such taxable period in the aggregate shall not exceed the amount of such Taxes that the Issuer and its Subsidiaries would have been required to pay if they were a stand-alone Tax Group with the Issuer as the corporate common parents of such stand-alone Tax Group (collectively, “Tax Distributions”);

(B) the proceeds of which shall be used by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent to pay (or to make Restricted Payments to allow any direct or indirect parent of Holdings to pay) (1) its operating expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business and other corporate overhead costs and expenses (including administrative, legal, accounting and similar expenses payable to third parties) that are reasonable and customary and incurred in the ordinary course of business, (2) any reasonable and customary indemnification claims made by members of the Board of Directors or officers, employees, directors, managers, consultants or independent contractors of Holdings (or any parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent attributable to the ownership or operations of Holdings, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, (3) fees and expenses (x) due and payable by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries and (y) otherwise permitted to be paid by the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiaries under this Indenture, (4) to the extent constituting a Restricted Payment, amounts due and payable pursuant to any investor management agreement entered into with the Sponsor after the Issue Date in an aggregate amount not to exceed 2.5% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period at the time of such Restricted Payment and (5) amounts that would otherwise be permitted to be paid pursuant to Section 5.08 (iii) or (xi);

(C) the proceeds of which shall be used by Holdings (or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) to pay franchise and similar Taxes, and other fees and expenses, required to maintain its corporate or other legal existence;

 

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(D) to finance any Investment made by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent that, if made by the Issuer, would be permitted to be made pursuant to Section 5.04; provided that (A) such Restricted Payment shall be made substantially concurrently with the closing of such Investment and (B) Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent shall, immediately following the closing thereof, cause (1) all property acquired (whether assets or Equity Interests but not including any loans or advances made pursuant to Section 5.04(b)) to be contributed to the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries or (2) the Person formed or acquired to merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries to the extent such merger, amalgamation or consolidation is permitted in Section 5.03) in order to consummate such Investment, in each case in accordance with the requirements of Sections 4.13 and 4.14;

(E) the proceeds of which shall be used to pay (or to make Restricted Payments to allow Holdings or any direct or indirect parent thereof or any Intermediate Parent thereof to pay) fees and expenses related to any equity or debt offering not prohibited by this Indenture;

(F) the proceeds of which shall be used to pay customary salary, bonus and other benefits payable to officers and employees of Holdings or any direct or indirect parent company of Holdings or any Intermediate Parent thereof to the extent such salaries, bonuses and other benefits are attributable to the ownership or operation of Holdings, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries; and

(G) the proceeds of which shall be used to make payments permitted by clause (b)(iv) and (b)(v) of this Section 5.07;

(viii) in addition to the foregoing Restricted Payments and so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom, the Issuer may make additional Restricted Payments, in an aggregate amount not to exceed the sum of (A) the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Restricted Payment, so long as on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, plus (B) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Restricted Payment;

(ix) redemptions in whole or in part of any of its Equity Interests for another class of its Equity Interests or with proceeds from substantially concurrent equity contributions or issuances of new Equity Interests; provided that such new Equity Interests contain terms and provisions at least as advantageous to the Holders in all respects material to their interests as those contained in the Equity Interests redeemed thereby;

(x) payments made or expected to be made in respect of withholding or similar Taxes payable by any future, present or former employee, director, manager or consultant and any repurchases of Equity Interests in consideration of such payments including deemed repurchases in connection with the exercise of stock options and the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units;

(xi) payments to Holdings or any Intermediate Parent to permit it to (a) pay cash in lieu of fractional Equity Interests in connection with any dividend, split or combination thereof or any Permitted Acquisition or Permitted Change of Control (or other similar Investment) and (b) honor any conversion request by a holder of convertible Indebtedness and make cash payments in lieu of fractional shares in connection with any such conversion and may make payments on convertible Indebtedness in accordance with its terms;

 

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(xii) payments made or expected to be made by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in respect of withholding or similar Taxes payable upon exercise of Equity Interests by any future, present or former employee, director, officer, manager or consultant (or their respective controlled Affiliates or permitted transferees) and any repurchases of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon exercise of stock options or warrants if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price of such options or warrants or required withholding or similar Taxes;

(xiii) [reserved];

(xiv) the declaration and payment of a Restricted Payment on Holdings’ or the Issuer’s common stock (or the payment of Restricted Payments to any direct or indirect parent company of Holdings to fund a payment of dividends on such company’s common stock), following consummation of an IPO, of up to 6.0% per annum of the net cash proceeds of such IPO received by or contributed to the Issuer, other than public offerings with respect to the IPO Entity’s common stock registered on Form S-8;

(xv) Restricted Payments made in connection with any Permitted Change of Control; and

(xvi) any distributions or payments of Securitization Fees.

(b) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) of or in respect of principal of or interest on any Junior Financing, or any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Junior Financing, or any other payment (including any payment under any Swap Agreement) that has a substantially similar effect to any of the foregoing, except:

(i) payment of regularly scheduled interest and principal payments, mandatory offers to repay, repurchase or redeem, mandatory prepayments of principal premium and interest, and payment of fees, expenses and indemnification obligations, with respect to such Junior Financing, other than payments in respect of any Junior Financing prohibited by the subordination provisions thereof;

(ii) refinancings of Indebtedness to the extent permitted by Section 5.01;

(iii) the conversion of any Junior Financing to Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Equity Interests) of Holdings or any of its direct or indirect parent companies or any Intermediate Parent or the Issuer, and any payment that is intended to prevent any Junior Financing from being treated as an “applicable high yield discount obligation” within the meaning of Section 163(i)(1) of the Code;

 

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(iv) prepayments, redemptions, repurchases, defeasances and other payments in respect of Junior Financings prior to their scheduled maturity in an aggregate amount, not to exceed the sum of (A) an amount at the time of making any such prepayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other payment and together with any other prepayments, redemptions, repurchases, defeasances and other payments made utilizing this subclause (A) not to exceed the greater of (1) $60,000,000 and (2) 15% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period after giving Pro Forma Effect to the making of such prepayment, redemption, purchase, defeasance or other payment plus (B) so long as (1) no Event of Default shall have occurred and shall be continuing or would result therefrom and (2) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (x) the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment plus (y) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment;

(v) payments made in connection with the Transactions;

(vi) prepayments, redemptions, purchases, defeasances and other payments in respect of Junior Financing prior to their scheduled maturity; provided that after giving effect to such prepayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other payment, (A) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is less than or equal to 6.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (B) no Event of Default exists or would result therefrom; and

(vii) prepayment of Junior Financing owed to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or the prepayment of Permitted Refinancing of such Indebtedness with the proceeds of any other Junior Financing.

Section 5.08 Transactions with Affiliates

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, sell, lease or otherwise transfer any property or assets to, or purchase, lease or otherwise acquire any property or assets from, or otherwise engage in any other transactions with, any of its Affiliates, except (i) (A) transactions between or among the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any entity that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such transaction and (B) transactions involving aggregate payment or consideration of less than $48,000,000, (ii) on terms substantially as favorable to the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary as would be obtainable by such Person at the time in a comparable arm’s-length transaction with a Person other than an Affiliate, (iii) the payment of Permitted Change of Control Costs and the consummation of any Permitted Change of Control, (iv) the payment of fees and expenses related to the Transactions, (v) the payment of management, consulting, advisory and monitoring fees to the Investors (or management companies of the Investors), or the making of distributions to the Investors (or their Affiliates) pursuant to customary equity arrangements, in an aggregate amount in any fiscal year not to exceed the amount permitted to be paid pursuant to Section 5.07(a)(vii)(B)(4), (vi) issuances of Equity Interests of the Issuer to the extent otherwise permitted by this Indenture, (vii) employment and severance arrangements between the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries and their respective officers and employees in the ordinary course of business or otherwise in connection with the Transactions or in connection with any Permitted Change of Control (including loans and advances pursuant to Section 5.04(b) and 5.04(n)), (viii) payments by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to tax sharing agreements among Holdings (and any such parent thereof), any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries on customary terms to the extent attributable to the ownership or operation of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, to the extent such payments are permitted by Section 5.07, (ix) the payment of customary fees and reasonable out-of-pocket costs to, and indemnities provided on behalf of, members of the Board of Directors, officers and employees of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof), the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business to the extent attributable to the ownership or operation of

 

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the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, (x) transactions pursuant to permitted agreements in existence or contemplated on the Issue Date and set forth on Schedule 5.08 or any amendment thereto to the extent such an amendment is not adverse to the Holders in any material respect, (xi) Restricted Payments permitted under Section 5.07 and loans and advances in lieu thereof pursuant to Section 5.04(l), (xii) payments to or from, and transactions with, any joint venture in the ordinary course of business (including, without limitation, any cash management activities related thereto), (xiii) transactions with customers, clients, suppliers, contractors, joint venture partners or purchasers or sellers of goods or services that are Affiliates, in each case in the ordinary course of business and which are fair to the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries, in the reasonable determination of the Issuer, or are on terms at least as favorable as might reasonably have been obtained at such time from an unaffiliated party, (xiv) sales of accounts receivable, or participations therein, or Securitization Assets or related assets in connection with or any Qualified Securitization Facility, (xv) payments made in connection with the Transactions and (xvi) customary payments by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries to the Sponsor made for any financial advisory, consulting, financing, underwriting or placement services or in respect of other investment banking activities (including in connection with acquisitions, divestitures or financings), which payments are approved by the majority of the members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary in good faith and (xvii) any other (A) Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01 and Liens permitted under Section 5.02; provided that such Indebtedness and Liens are on terms which are fair and reasonable to the Issuer and its Subsidiaries as determined by the majority of the disinterested members of the board of directors of the Issuer and (B) transactions permitted under Section 5.03, Investments permitted under Section 5.04 and Restricted Payments permitted under Section 5.07.

Section 5.09 Restrictive Agreements

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, enter into any agreement, instrument, deed or lease that prohibits or limits the ability of any Note Party to create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of their respective properties or revenues, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, for the benefit of the Note Secured Parties with respect to the Notes Obligations or under the Notes Documents; provided that the foregoing shall not apply to:

(a) restrictions and conditions imposed by (1) Requirements of Law, (2) any Notes Document, (4) any documentation governing Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt, (5) any documentation governing other Indebtedness (other than intercompany debt owed to the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries) that do not materially impair the Issuer’s ability to make payments on the Notes, (6) any documents governing Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt, Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt, Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt or Permitted Third Priority Refinancing Debt, (7) any documentation governing Indebtedness incurred pursuant to Section 5.01(a)(xxiv) or Section 5.01(a)(vii), (viii), (x), (xvi), (xxiii) and (xxviii) and (8) any documentation governing any Permitted Refinancing incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness referenced in clauses (1) through (6) above;

(b) customary restrictions and conditions existing on the Issue Date and any extension, renewal, amendment, modification or replacement thereof, except to the extent any such amendment, modification or replacement expands the scope of any such restriction or condition;

(c) restrictions and conditions contained in agreements relating to the sale of a Subsidiary or any assets pending such sale; provided that such restrictions and conditions apply only to the Subsidiary or assets that is or are to be sold and such sale is permitted hereunder;

 

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(d) customary provisions in leases, licenses, sublicenses and other contracts (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property) restricting the assignment thereof;

(e) restrictions imposed by any agreement relating to secured Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to the extent such restriction applies only to the property securing such Indebtedness;

(f) any restrictions or conditions set forth in any agreement in effect at any time any Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (but not any modification or amendment expanding the scope of any such restriction or condition); provided that such agreement was not entered into in contemplation of such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and the restriction or condition set forth in such agreement does not apply to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary;

(g) restrictions or conditions in any Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 5.01 that is incurred or assumed by Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Note Parties to the extent such restrictions or conditions are no more restrictive in any material respect than the restrictions and conditions in the Notes Documents or, in the case of Junior Financing, are market terms at the time of issuance and are imposed solely on such Restricted Subsidiary and its Subsidiaries;

(h) restrictions on cash (or Permitted Investments) or other deposits imposed by agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business (or other restrictions on cash or deposits constituting Permitted Encumbrances);

(i) restrictions set forth on Schedule 5.09 and any extension, renewal, amendment, modification or replacement thereof, except to the extent any such amendment, modification or replacement expands the scope of any such restriction or condition;

(j) customary provisions in joint venture agreements and other similar agreements applicable to joint ventures permitted by Section 5.04;

(k) customary restrictions contained in leases, subleases, licenses, sublicenses or asset sale agreements otherwise permitted hereby so long as such restrictions relate only to the assets subject thereto;

(l) customary provisions restricting subletting or assignment of any lease governing a leasehold interest of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary; and

(m) customary net worth provisions contained in real property leases entered into by Subsidiaries, so long as the Issuer has determined in good faith that such net worth provisions would not reasonably be expected to impair the ability of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries to meet their ongoing obligations.

Section 5.10 Amendment of Junior Financing

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, amend or modify the documentation governing any Junior Financing if the effect of such amendment or modification is materially adverse to the Holders; provided that such modification will not be deemed to be materially adverse if such Junior Financing could be otherwise incurred under this Indenture (including as Indebtedness that does not constitute a Junior Financing) with such terms as so modified at the time of such modification.

 

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Section 5.11 Changes in Fiscal Periods

The Issuer will not make any change in fiscal year; provided, however, that the Issuer may, upon written notice to the Trustee and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Accounts and thereafter, the Holders, change its fiscal year to any other fiscal year reasonably acceptable to the Controlling Party, in which case, the Issuer and the Trustee will, and are hereby authorized by the Holders to, make any adjustments to this Indenture that are necessary to reflect such change in fiscal year.

Section 5.12 Restriction on Affiliated Lenders

Without the consent of the Controlling Party, none of Holdings, the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries shall (a) make any amendments or other modifications to the Credit Agreement (as in effect on the Issue Date) that would have the effect of (x) increasing the aggregate amount of Term Loans that Affiliated Lenders are permitted to hold under Section 9.04(f)(iv) of the Credit Agreement or (y) making less restrictive the limitations on the voting power of Affiliate Lenders under the Credit Agreement or (b) enter into documentation governing any other First Lien Obligations unless the provisions in the documentation governing such other First Lien Obligations are substantially identical to, or less favorable to Affiliated Lenders than, the provisions described in the foregoing clause (a) (to the extent such concept is included in such documentation); provided that notwithstanding anything in this Indenture or any other agreement to the contrary, in the event that any Affiliated Lender acquires or holds any Indebtedness, or exercises any voting power with respect to any First Lien Obligations (including any Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement), in each case in excess of the limitations set forth in the Credit Agreement (as in effect on the Issue Date), no Default or Event of Default shall arise hereunder unless Holdings, the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries are in violation of the foregoing clauses (a) and (b).

ARTICLE 6

DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

Section 6.01 Events of Default.

Any of the following events shall constitute an event of default (any such event, an “Event of Default”):

(a) any Note Party shall fail to pay any principal of any Note when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at the due date thereof or at a date fixed for redemption thereof or otherwise;

(b) any Note Party shall fail to pay any interest on any Note or any fee or any other amount (other than an amount referred to in clause (a) of this Section 6.01) payable under any Notes Document, when and as the same shall become due and payable, and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of five (5) Business Days;

(c) any representation or warranty made or deemed made by or on behalf of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with any Notes Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, or in any report, certificate, financial statement or other document furnished pursuant to or in connection with any Notes Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, shall prove to have been incorrect in any

 

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material respect when made or deemed made, and such incorrect representation or warranty (if curable) shall remain incorrect for a period of 30 days after notice thereof to the Issuer from (x) the Trustee or (y) Holders of at least 30% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes (with a copy to the Trustee);

(d) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in Sections 4.06 (with respect to the existence of Holdings, the Issuer or any such Intermediate Parents or Restricted Subsidiaries), 4.08, 4.12, 4.17(b) or in Article 5 (other than Section 5.08 or 5.11);

(e) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in any Notes Document (other than those specified in clauses (a), (b) or (d) of this Section 6.01), and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of thirty (30) days after written notice thereof to the Issuer from (x) the Trustee or (y) Holders of at least 30% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes (with a copy to the Trustee);

(f) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to make any payment (whether of principal or interest and regardless of amount) (in the case of the Credit Agreement, limited to payment at maturity thereof) in respect of any Material Indebtedness, when and as the same shall become due and payable (after giving effect to any applicable grace period);

(g) any event or condition occurs that results in any Material Indebtedness becoming due prior to its scheduled maturity or that enables or permits (with all applicable grace periods having expired) the holder or holders of any Material Indebtedness or any trustee or agent on its or their behalf to cause any Material Indebtedness to become due, or to require the prepayment, repurchase, redemption or defeasance thereof, prior to its scheduled maturity, provided that this paragraph (g) shall not apply to (i) secured Indebtedness that becomes due as a result of the sale, transfer or other disposition (including as a result of a casualty or condemnation event) of the property or assets securing such Indebtedness (to the extent such sale, transfer or other disposition is not prohibited under this Indenture) or (ii) termination events or similar events occurring under any Swap Agreement that constitutes Material Indebtedness (it being understood that paragraph (f) of this Section 6.01 will apply to any failure to make any payment required as a result of any such termination or similar event); provided further that (i) a default under any financial covenant in such Material Indebtedness shall not constitute an Event of Default unless and until the lenders or holders with respect to such Material Indebtedness have actually declared all such obligations to be immediately due and payable and terminate the commitments in accordance with the agreement governing such Material Indebtedness and such declaration has not been rescinded by the required lenders with respect to such Material Indebtedness on or before such date and (ii) a breach or default by any Loan Party (as defined in the Credit Agreement) with respect to the Credit Agreement will not constitute an Event of Default unless the agent and/or lenders thereunder have demanded repayment of, or otherwise accelerated, any of the Indebtedness or other obligations thereunder (and such amount remains unpaid);

(h) an involuntary proceeding shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed seeking (i) liquidation, court protection, reorganization or other relief in respect of Holdings, the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or its debts, or of a material part of its assets, under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law, now or hereafter in effect or (ii) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, examiner, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for Holdings, the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or for a material part of its assets, and, in any such case, such proceeding or petition shall continue undismissed or unstayed for 60 days or an order or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered;

 

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(i) Holdings, the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary shall (i) voluntarily commence any proceeding or file any petition seeking liquidation, court protection, reorganization or other relief under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law, now or hereafter in effect, (ii) consent to the institution of, or fail to contest in a timely and appropriate manner, any proceeding or petition described in clause (h) of this Section 6.01, (iii) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, examiner, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for Holdings, the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or for a material part of its assets, (iv) file an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any such proceeding or (v) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors;

(j) one or more enforceable judgments for the payment of money in an aggregate amount in excess of $120,000,000 (to the extent not covered by insurance as to which the insurer has been notified of such judgment or order and has not denied coverage) shall be rendered against Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or any combination thereof and the same shall remain undischarged for a period of 60 consecutive days during which execution shall not be effectively stayed, or any judgment creditor shall legally attach or levy upon assets of such Note Party that are material to the businesses and operations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to enforce any such judgment;

(k) an ERISA Event occurs that has resulted or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;

(l) any Lien purported to be created under any Security Document shall cease to be, or shall be asserted in writing by any Note Party not to be, a valid and perfected Lien on any material portion of the Collateral, with the priority required by the applicable Security Documents, except (i) as a result of the sale or other disposition of the applicable Collateral to a Person that is not a Note Party in a transaction permitted under the Notes Documents, (ii) as a result of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s (or the Credit Agreement Agent as its bailee under the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement) failure to maintain possession, subject to any applicable Intercreditor Agreement, of any stock certificates, promissory notes or other instruments delivered to it under the Security Documents or (iii) as to Collateral consisting of Material Real Property to the extent that such losses are covered by a lender’s title insurance policy and such insurer has not denied coverage or (iv) as a result of acts of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Credit Agreement Agent as its bailee under the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement) or any Initial Purchaser;

(m) any material provision of any Notes Document or any Guarantee of the Notes Obligations shall for any reason be asserted in writing by any Note Party not to be a legal, valid and binding obligation of any Note Party thereto other than as expressly permitted hereunder or thereunder;

(n) any Guarantees of the Notes Obligations by any Note Party pursuant to this Indenture shall cease to be in full force and effect (in each case, other than in accordance with the terms of the Notes Documents); or

(o) a Change of Control shall occur, other than a Permitted Change of Control.

Section 6.02 Acceleration.

If any Event of Default (other than an event with respect to Holdings or the Issuer described in clause (h) or (i) of Section 6.01) shall occur and be continuing under this Indenture, (x) the Trustee by written notice to the Issuer may declare or (y) the Holders of at least 30% in aggregate principal amount of

 

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the then total outstanding Notes by written notice to the Issuer and Trustee may declare the principal, premium, if any, interest and any other monetary obligations on all the then outstanding Notes to be due and payable immediately. Upon the effectiveness of such declaration, such principal and interest shall be due and payable immediately.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if an Event of Default under clause (h) or (i) of Section 6.01 hereof occurs with respect to Holdings or the Issuer, the principal, premium, if any, interest and any other monetary obligations on all the then outstanding Notes shall be due and payable immediately without further action or notice.

The Controlling Party by written notice to the Trustee may on behalf of all of the Holders waive all past or any existing Default or Event of Default and rescind an acceleration and its consequences; provided such rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and if all existing Events of Default (except nonpayment of principal, interest, or premium, if any, that has become due solely because of the acceleration) have been cured or waived.

Section 6.03 Other Remedies.

Prior to the GS Sell-Down Date, at any time when an Event of Default under Section 6.01(a), (b), (h) or (i) exists, interest, to the fullest extent permitted by law, shall accrue (x) on the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding at a rate that is 2.00% per annum above the rate then borne by the Notes and (y) on overdue interest at a rate that is 2.00% per annum above the rate then borne by the principal outstanding to which such interest relates. From and after the GS Sell-Down Date, at any time when an Event of Default under Section 6.01(a), (b), (h) or (i) exists, any overdue amounts shall bear interest, to the fullest extent permitted by law, at a rate that is 2.00% per annum above the rate then borne by (in the case of such principal) such amount of principal outstanding or (in the case of interest) the amount of principal outstanding to which such amount relates. Any additional interest that accrues by virtue of the operation of this Section 6.03 shall be payable in cash on demand and, to the extent applicable, in accordance with Section 2.12.

If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Notes or this Indenture.

The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Notes or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder of a Note in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. All remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

Section 6.04 Waiver of Past Defaults.

The Controlling Party by notice to the Trustee may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Notes waive any existing Default and its consequences under this Indenture, except a continuing Default in the payment of interest on, premium, if any, or the principal of any Note held by a non-consenting Holder (including in connection with an Redemption Offer); provided, subject to Section 6.02 hereof, that the Controlling Party may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from such acceleration. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

 

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Section 6.05 Control by Majority.

Subject to Section 7.01(e) hereof, the Controlling Party may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent of exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee or the Collateral and the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may act at the written direction of the Holders or Beneficial Owners, as the case may be, without liability. The Trustee, however, may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture or that the Trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of any other Holder of a Note or that would involve the Trustee in personal liability (it being understood that neither the Trustee nor the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent has any duty to determine whether a direction is prejudicial to any Holder).

Section 6.06 Limitation on Suits.

Subject to Section 6.07 hereof, no Holder of a Note may pursue any remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Notes unless:

(1) such Holder has previously given the Trustee written notice that an Event of Default is continuing;

(2) Holders of at least 30% in aggregate principal amount of the total outstanding Notes have requested the Trustee to pursue the remedy;

(3) Holders of the Notes have offered and, if requested, provided to the Trustee indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense;

(4) the Trustee has not complied with such request within 60 days after the receipt thereof and the offer of security or indemnity; and

(5) the Controlling Party has not given the Trustee a direction inconsistent with such request within such 60-day period.

A Holder of a Note may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder of a Note or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of a Note.

Section 6.07 Rights of Holders of Notes to Receive Payment.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder of a Note to receive payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Note, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Note (including in connection with an Redemption Offer), or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder.

Section 6.08 Collection Suit by Trustee.

If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(a) or (b) hereof occurs and is continuing, the Trustee is authorized to recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Issuer for the whole amount of principal of, premium, if any, and interest remaining unpaid on the Notes and interest on overdue principal and, to the extent lawful, interest and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the compensation and reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

 

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Section 6.09 Restoration of Rights and Remedies.

If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceedings, the Issuer, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding has been instituted.

Section 6.10 Rights and Remedies Cumulative.

Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes in Section 2.07 hereof, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

Section 6.11 Delay or Omission Not Waiver.

No delay or omission of the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or of any Holder of any Note to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

Section 6.12 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

The Trustee is authorized to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the compensation and reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel), the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (including any claim for the compensation and reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its agents and counsel) and the Holders of the Notes allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Issuer (or any other obligor upon the Notes including the Notes Guarantors), its creditors or its property and shall be entitled and empowered to participate as a member in any official committee of creditors appointed in such matter and to collect, receive and distribute any money or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and any custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, their agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under Section 7.07 hereof or the other Notes Documents. To the extent that the payment of any such compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof out of the estate in any such proceeding, shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a Lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, money, securities and other properties that the Holders may be entitled to receive in such proceeding whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise. Nothing herein

 

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contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Holder, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

Section 6.13 Priorities.

Subject to the terms of any applicable Intercreditor Agreement, if the Trustee collects any money or property pursuant to this Article 6, it shall pay out the money or property in the following order:

(i) FIRST: to the Trustee, its agents and attorneys for amounts due under Section 7.07 hereof, including payment of all compensation, expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee and the costs and expenses of collection and to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for amounts due to it under this Indenture and the Notes Documents;

(ii) SECOND: to Holders of Notes for amounts due and unpaid on the Notes for principal, premium, if any, and interest, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Notes for principal, premium, if any, and interest, respectively;

(iii) THIRD: without duplication, to the Purchasers and any other Secured Parties for any other Notes Obligations owing to the Purchasers or such other Secured Parties under the Notes Documents; and

(iv) FOURTH: to any agent of any other junior secured debt, in accordance with any applicable Intercreditor Agreement; and

(v) FIFTH: to the Note Parties, their successors or assigns, or to such party as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct, including a Notes Guarantor, if applicable.

The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders of Notes pursuant to this Section 6.13.

Section 6.14 Undertaking for Costs.

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as a Trustee, a court in its reasonable discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its reasonable discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 6.14 does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder of a Note pursuant to Section 6.07 hereof, or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.

 

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ARTICLE 7

TRUSTEE AND SECOND LIEN NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT

Section 7.01 Duties of Trustee.

(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

(i) the duties of the Trustee shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Indenture and the Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However, in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).

(c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(i) this Section 7.01(c) does not limit the effect of Section 7.01(b);

(ii) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved in a court of competent jurisdiction that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

(iii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05 hereof.

(d) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to clauses (a), (b) and (c) of this Section 7.01 and Section 7.02(f).

(e) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders or Beneficial Owners of the Notes, unless the Holders have offered, and if requested, provided to the Trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense.

(f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Issuer. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

 

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(g) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and to each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder, including the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and Calculation Agent, except that references in Section 7.07 to “negligence”, to the extent they relate to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or Calculation Agent, shall be deemed to be references to “gross negligence.”

Section 7.02 Rights of Trustee.

(a) The Trustee may conclusively rely upon any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document, but the Trustee, in its reasonable discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Issuer, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Issuer and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation.

(b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel or both shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon.

(c) The Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent or attorney appointed with due care.

(d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith that it believes to be authorized or within the rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture.

(e) Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Issuer shall be sufficient if signed by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer.

(f) None of the provisions of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise to incur any liability, financial or otherwise, in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or security or indemnity satisfactory to it against such risk or liability is not assured to it.

(g) The Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a Default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Notes and this Indenture.

(h) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

 

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(i) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder, including the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

(j) The Trustee may request that the Issuer and any Notes Guarantor deliver an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the names of the individuals and/or titles of Responsible Officers (with specimen signatures) authorized at such times to take specific actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officer’s Certificate may be signed by any person specified as so authorized in any certificate previously delivered and not superseded.

(k) The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers and duties hereunder.

(l) The permissive right of the Trustee to take or refrain from taking any actions enumerated herein shall not be construed as a duty.

(m) In the absence of written notice from the applicable representative of the Accounts to the contrary, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to conclusively treat the Disposition Date as having not occurred.

(n) In the absence of written notice from Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC to the contrary, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to conclusively treat the GS Sell-Down Date as having not occurred.

(o) Without limiting the generality of any of the other protections granted to the Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, whenever in this Indenture or any Notes Document, an action is to be taken by, notice given to or it be otherwise desireable to determine the identity of and/or the amount of Notes Beneficially Owned by, an Account, an Account Party or the Controlling Party, the Trustee or Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to conclusively rely on an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer and shall have no liability to any Account, Account Party, Holder, Note Party or other Person for acting in reliance thereon. Each of the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to) request that Accounts and Account Parties furnish such information to it in writing to enable the Trustee and/or Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, to determine whether consent or direction from a Controlling Party has been obtained, and shall be entitled to make such determination or not make any determination on the basis of the information so furnished; provided, however, that if an Account or Account Party shall fail or refuse reasonably promptly to provide the requested information, the Trustee or Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, shall be entitled to make any such determination by such method as it may, in the exercise of its good faith judgment, determine. Each of the Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may rely conclusively, and shall be fully protected in so relying, on any determination made by it in accordance with the provisions of this Section 7.02(o) (or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction) and shall have no liability to any Account, Account Party, Holder, Note Party or other Person as a result of such determination.

Section 7.03 Individual Rights of Trustee.

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and may otherwise deal with the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. However, in the event that the Trustee acquires any conflicting interest it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the SEC for permission to continue as trustee or resign. Any Agent may do the same with like rights and duties. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11 hereof.

 

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Section 7.04 Trustee’s Disclaimer.

The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Notes, it shall not be accountable for the Issuer’s use of the proceeds from the Notes or any money paid to the Issuer or upon the Issuer’s direction under any provision of this Indenture, it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee, and it shall not be responsible for any statement or recital herein or any statement in the Notes or any other document in connection with the sale of the Notes or pursuant to this Indenture other than its certificate of authentication.

Section 7.05 Notice of Defaults.

If a Default occurs and is continuing and if it is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall send to Holders of Notes a notice of the Default within 90 days after it occurs. Except in the case of a Default relating to the payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest on any Note, the Trustee may withhold from the Holders notice of any continuing Default if and so long as a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of the Holders of the Notes. The Trustee shall not be deemed to know of any Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is such a Default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

Section 7.06 [Reserved].

Section 7.07 Compensation and Indemnity.

The Issuer shall pay to the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent from time to time such compensation for its acceptance of this Indenture and services hereunder and under the other applicable Notes Documents as the parties shall agree in writing from time to time. Neither the Trustee’s nor the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s compensation shall be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Issuer shall reimburse the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent promptly upon request for all reasonable disbursements, advances and expenses incurred or made by it in addition to the compensation for its services. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s agents and counsel.

The Issuer and the Notes Guarantors, jointly and severally, shall indemnify the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and each of their respective officers, directors, employees and agents (each, an “Indemnitee”) for, and hold the Indemnitees harmless against, any and all loss, damage, claim, liability or expense (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by any of them in connection with the acceptance or administration of this trust and the performance of its duties hereunder and under the other applicable Notes Documents (including the costs and expenses of enforcing this Indenture against the Issuer or any of the Notes Guarantors (including this Section 7.07) or defending itself against any claim whether asserted by any Holder, the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor, or liability in connection with the acceptance, exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder or thereunder). An Indemnitee shall notify the Issuer promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Indemnitee to so notify the Issuer shall not relieve the Issuer of its obligations hereunder. The Issuer shall defend the claim and the Indemnitee may have separate counsel and the Issuer shall pay the fees and expenses of such counsel. The Issuer need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss, liability or expense incurred by the Trustee through the Trustee’s own willful misconduct, negligence or bad faith.

 

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The obligations of the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors under this Section 7.07 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as the case may be.

To secure the payment obligations of the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a Lien prior to the Notes on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Notes. Such Lien shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee.

When the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(h) or (i) hereof occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services (including the fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

The Trustee shall comply with the provisions of Trust Indenture Act Section 313(b)(2) to the extent applicable.

Section 7.08 Replacement of Trustee.

A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section 7.08. The Trustee may resign in writing at any time and be discharged from the trust hereby created by so notifying the Issuer. The Controlling Party may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Trustee and the Issuer in writing. The Issuer may remove the Trustee if:

(a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof;

(b) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;

(c) a custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or

(d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Controlling Party may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Issuer.

If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee (at the Issuer’s expense), the Issuer or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

If the Trustee, after written request by any Holder who has been a Holder for at least six months, fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof, such Holder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

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A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Issuer. Thereupon, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. The successor Trustee shall send a notice of its succession to Holders. The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee; provided all sums owing to the Trustee hereunder have been paid and subject to the Lien provided for in Section 7.07 hereof. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.08, the Issuer’s obligations under Section 7.07 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee.

Section 7.09 Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.

If the Trustee consolidates, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee.

Section 7.10 Eligibility; Disqualification.

There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder that is a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any state thereof that is authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trustee power, that is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities and that has a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.

This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of Trust Indenture Act Sections 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee is subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 310(b).

Section 7.11 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer.

The Trustee is subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in Trust Indenture Act Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.

Section 7.12 Security Documents; Intercreditor Agreements.

By their acceptance of the Notes, the Holders hereby authorize and direct the Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as the case may be, to execute and deliver the Intercreditor Agreements and any Security Documents in which the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, is named as a party, including any Security Documents or Intercreditor Agreements executed after the Issue Date. It is hereby expressly acknowledged and agreed that, in doing so, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent are (a) expressly authorized to make the representations attributed to Holders in any such agreements and (b) not responsible for the terms or contents of such agreements, or for the validity or enforceability thereof, or the sufficiency thereof for any purpose. Whether or not so expressly stated therein, in entering into, or taking (or forbearing from) any action under, the Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent each shall have all of the rights, immunities, indemnities and other protections granted to it under this Indenture (in addition to those that may be granted to it under the terms of such other agreement or agreements).

 

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Section 7.13 Replacement of Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may resign at any time by so notifying the Issuer in writing not less than 30 days prior to the effective date of such resignation. The Controlling Party may remove the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent by so notifying the removed Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in writing not less than 30 days prior to the effective date of such removal and may appoint a successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent with the Issuer’s written consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld. The Issuer shall remove the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent if:

(i) the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent fails to comply with Section 7.10;

(ii) the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent;

(iii) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or its property; or

(iv) the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent otherwise becomes incapable of acting.

If the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent resigns or is removed by the Issuer or by the Controlling Party and such Holders do not reasonably promptly appoint a successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent as described in the preceding paragraph, or if a vacancy exists in the office of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for any reason (the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in such event being referred to herein as the retiring Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent), the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

A successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and to the Issuer. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall become effective, and the successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under this Indenture. The successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall mail a notice of its succession to Holders. The retiring Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, at the expense of the Issuer, promptly transfer all property held by it as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to the successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, subject to the Lien provided for in Section 7.07.

If a successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent resigns or is removed, the retiring Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the Notes may petition, at the Issuer’s expense, any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

Notwithstanding the replacement of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 7.13, the Issuer’s obligations under Section 7.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The predecessor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have no liability for any action or inaction of any successor Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

ARTICLE 8

LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

Section 8.01 Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

The Issuer may, at its option and at any time, elect to have either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof applied to all outstanding Notes upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article 8.

 

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Section 8.02 Legal Defeasance and Discharge.

Upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.02, the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be deemed to have been discharged from their obligations with respect to all outstanding Notes and Notes Guarantees on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (“Legal Defeasance”). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that the Issuer shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the outstanding Notes, which shall thereafter be deemed to be “outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 8.05 hereof and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in (a) and (b) below, and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Notes and this Indenture including that of the Notes Guarantors (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute such instruments requested by the Issuer acknowledging the same), except for the following provisions which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder:

(a) the rights of Holders of Notes to receive payments in respect of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes when such payments are due solely out of the trust created pursuant to this Indenture referred to in Section 8.04 hereof;

(b) the Issuer’s obligations with respect to Notes concerning issuing temporary Notes, registration of such Notes, mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes and the maintenance of an office or agency for payment and money for security payments held in trust;

(c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, and the Issuer’s and the Notes Guarantor’s obligations in connection therewith; and

(d) this Section 8.02.

Subject to compliance with this Article 8, the Issuer may exercise its option under this Section 8.02 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.03 hereof.

Section 8.03 Covenant Defeasance.

Upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03, the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be released from their obligations under the covenants contained in Sections 4.01, 4.06, 4.07, 4.08, 4.10, 4.11, 4.13, 4.14, 4.15, 4.18 and Article 5 (except Section 5.03 shall still apply to the Issuer) hereof with respect to the outstanding Notes on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof are satisfied (“Covenant Defeasance”), and the Notes shall thereafter be deemed not “outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed “outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that such Notes shall not be deemed outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Notes, the Issuer may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01 hereof, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Notes shall be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, Section 6.01(c) or (d) (in each case solely with respect to the defeased covenants listed above), 6.01(e), 6.01(g), 6.01(j), 6.01(k), 6.01(l), 6.01(m) and 6.01(n) shall not constitute Events of Default.

 

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Section 8.04 Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance.

The following shall be the conditions to the application of either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof to the outstanding Notes:

(1) the Issuer must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, cash in Dollars, Government Securities, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest due on the Notes on the stated maturity date or on the redemption date, as the case may be, of such principal, premium, if any, or interest on such Notes and the Issuer must specify whether such Notes are being defeased to maturity or to a particular redemption date;

(2) in the case of Legal Defeasance, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel confirming that, subject to customary assumptions and exclusions,

(a) the Issuer has received from, or there has been published by, the United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or

(b) since the issuance of the Notes, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law,

in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, subject to customary assumptions and exclusions, the Holders and Beneficial Owners of the Notes shall not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as applicable, as a result of such Legal Defeasance and shall be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred;

(3) in the case of Covenant Defeasance, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel confirming that, subject to customary assumptions and exclusions, the Holders and Beneficial Owners of the Notes shall not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and shall be subject to such tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;

(4) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under the Credit Agreement or any other material agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which, the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor is a party or by which the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor is bound (other than that resulting from borrowing funds to be applied to make such deposit and any similar and simultaneous deposit relating to other Indebtedness and, in each case, the granting of Liens in connection therewith);

(5) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Issuer with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any creditors of the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor or others; and

 

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(6) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel (which Opinion of Counsel may be subject to customary assumptions and exclusions) each stating that all conditions precedent provided for or relating to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant Defeasance, as the case may be, have been complied with.

Section 8.05 Deposited Money and Government Securities to Be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions.

Subject to Section 8.06 hereof, all money and Government Securities (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 8.05, the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof in respect of the outstanding Notes shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Notes and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Notes of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

The Issuer shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or Government Securities deposited pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the outstanding Notes.

Anything in this Article 8 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Issuer from time to time upon the request of the Issuer any money or Government Securities held by it as provided in Section 8.04 hereof which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under Section 8.04(1) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

Section 8.06 Repayment to Issuer.

Subject to applicable abandoned property law, any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Issuer, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Issuer on its request or (if then held by the Issuer) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter look only to the Issuer for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Issuer as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease.

Section 8.07 Reinstatement.

If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any Dollars or Government Securities in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be, by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Issuer’s obligations under this Indenture and the Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be; provided that, if the Issuer makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Issuer shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to receive such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

 

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ARTICLE 9

AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER

Section 9.01 Without Consent of Holders of Notes.

Notwithstanding Section 9.02 hereof, the Issuer, any Notes Guarantor (with respect to a Notes Guarantee or this Indenture) as applicable, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may amend, supplement or modify this Indenture and the Security Documents and the Issuer may direct the Trustee to, and the Trustee shall and shall direct the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to, enter into an amendment to any Intercreditor Agreement, without the consent of any Holder if such amendment, supplement or modification is made for any purpose set forth in clauses (1) through (15) below:

(1) to cure any ambiguity, omission, mistake, defect or inconsistency;

(2) to provide for uncertificated Notes of such series in addition to or in place of certificated Notes;

(3) to provide for the assumption of the Issuer’s or any Notes Guarantor’s obligations to the Holders pursuant to Section 5.03;

(4) to make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the Holders or that does not materially and adversely affect the legal rights of any such Holder under this Indenture;

(5) to add covenants for the benefit of the Holders or to surrender any right or power conferred upon the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor;

(6) to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act;

(7) to evidence and provide for the acceptance and appointment under this Indenture of a successor Trustee thereunder pursuant to the requirements thereof;

(8) to provide for the issuance of exchange notes or private exchange notes, which are identical to exchange notes except that they are not freely transferable;

(9) to add a Notes Guarantor or a co-obligor of the Notes under this Indenture;

(10) to make any amendment to the provisions of this Indenture relating to the transfer and legending of Notes as permitted by this Indenture, including, without limitation to facilitate the issuance and administration of the Notes; provided, however, that (i) compliance with this Indenture as so amended would not result in Notes being transferred in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable securities law and (ii) such amendment does not materially and adversely affect the rights of Holders to transfer Notes;

(11) to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant any other Lien in favor of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, as additional security for the payment and performance of all or any portion of the Notes Obligations, in any property or assets, including any which are required to be mortgaged, pledged or hypothecated, or in which a Lien is required to be granted to or for the benefit of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Indenture or otherwise;

 

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(12) to provide for the release of Collateral from the Lien pursuant to this Indenture and the Security Documents when permitted or required by this Indenture, or any Intercreditor Agreement;

(13) to effect any changes pursuant to Section 5.11;

(14) to effect technical and other changes that are administrative and ministerial in nature (including the party names) that are required in connection with a Permitted Change of Control, so long as such changes do not directly and adversely affect the interests of the Holders; or

(15) to effect technical and other changes that are administrative and ministerial in nature to give effect to any replacement to Adjusted LIBOR Rate (or to effect any other changes that are solely associated with the implementation of such Adjusted LIBOR Rate and are customarily implemented in similar facilities in connection with such implementation), in each case, determined as a result of the procedures set forth in Paragraph 15 of the Notes.

Upon the request of the Issuer, and upon receipt by the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, of the documents described in Sections 9.06 and 13.03, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, if applicable, will join with the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors, if applicable, in the execution of any amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents unless such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents affects the Trustee’s or Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture, the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Document or otherwise, in which case the Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, if applicable, may in their reasonable discretion, but will not be obligated to, enter into such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents.

Section 9.02 With Consent of Holders of Notes.

(a) Except as provided in this Section 9.02, the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may amend or supplement the Notes Documents, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements with the consent of the Controlling Party, including, without limitation, consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for Notes, and subject to Section 6.04 and Section 6.07, any existing Default or Event of Default (other than a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, except a payment default resulting from an acceleration that has been rescinded) or compliance with any provision of the Notes Documents, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements may be waived with the consent of the Controlling Party (including consents obtained in connection with a purchase of or tender offer or exchange offer for the Notes). Section 2.08 and Section 2.09 hereof shall determine which Notes are considered to be “outstanding” for this purposes of this Section 9.02.

(b) If the Issuer or the Notes Guarantors amend, modify, waive or supplement any of the Notes Documents, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements as provided in Section 9.02(a), the Issuer or the Notes Guarantors, as applicable, shall offer to each other Holder holding the Notes

 

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as of the date of such amendment, modification, waiver or supplement (i) the opportunity to consent to the same amendment, modification, waiver or supplement consented to by the Controlling Party and (ii) an opportunity to participate in any related exchange or similar transaction, and receive a consent fee (if any) upon substantially similar terms and in the same amount as offered to any other Holder.

(c) Upon the request of the Issuer, and upon the filing with the Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, of evidence of the consent of the Holders of Notes as aforesaid, and upon receipt by the Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent of the documents described in Section 9.06 and Section 13.03, the Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, if applicable, will join with the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors, if applicable, in the execution of any amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents unless such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents affects the Trustee’s or Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, if applicable, may in their reasonable discretion, but will not be obligated to, enter into such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Notes under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.

After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02 becomes effective, the Issuer shall send to the Holders of Notes affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of the Issuer to send such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amended or supplemental indenture or waiver.

Without the consent of each directly and adversely affected Holder of Notes, an amendment or waiver under this Section 9.02 may not (with respect to any Notes held by a non-consenting Holder):

(1) reduce the principal amount of such Notes whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

(2) reduce the principal of or change the fixed final maturity of any such Note or alter or waive the provisions with respect to the redemption of such Notes (other than provisions relating to Section 3.09 to the extent that any such amendment or waiver does not have the effect of reducing the principal of or changing the fixed final maturity of any such Note or altering or waiving the provisions with respect to the redemption of such Notes) (it being understood that a waiver of any Default or Event of Default shall not constitute an extension of the fixed final maturity date);

(3) reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on any Note; provided that this clause (3) shall not prevent the implementation of any successor rate to Adjusted LIBOR Rate as set forth in Exhibit A hereto;

(4) waive a Default in the payment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, except a rescission of acceleration of the Notes by the Controlling Party and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration, or in respect of a covenant or provision contained in this Indenture or any Notes Guarantee which cannot be amended or modified without the consent of all Holders;

 

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(5) make any Note payable in money other than that stated therein;

(6) make any change in the provisions of this Indenture relating to waivers of past Defaults or the rights of Holders to receive payments of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Notes;

(7) make any change in these amendment and waiver provisions;

(8) impair the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of, or interest on such Holder’s Notes on or after the due dates therefor or to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to such Holder’s Notes;

(9) make any change to or modify the ranking of the Notes that would adversely affect the Holders;

(10) except as expressly permitted by this Indenture, modify the Notes Guarantees of Holdings or any Material Subsidiary in any manner materially adverse to the Holders of the Notes or release Holdings or any Notes Guarantor that is a Material Subsidiary from its obligations under its Notes Guarantee or this Indenture;

(11) release all or substantially all of the Collateral in any transaction or series of related transactions (other than in accordance with the express terms of this Indenture); or

(12) make any change to the provisions in Section 3.02 and 3.09(g)(viii) relating to redemption of the Notes on a Pro Rata Basis or Section 6.13 relating to priorities.

Section 9.03 Note Purchase Agreement.

For the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 9.01 or 9.02 or otherwise in this Article 9, this Article 9 (other than this Section 9.03) shall not apply to the Note Purchase Agreement, it being understood that the Note Purchase Agreement may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified, and the terms thereof may be waived, in each case, in accordance with the terms set forth in the Note Purchase Agreement.

Section 9.04 Revocation and Effect of Consents.

Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Note is a continuing consent by the Holder of a Note and every subsequent Holder of a Note or portion of a Note that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Note, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Note. However, any such Holder of a Note or subsequent Holder of a Note may revoke the consent as to its Note if the Trustee receives written notice of revocation before the date the waiver, supplement or amendment becomes effective. An amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective in accordance with its terms and thereafter binds every Holder.

The Issuer may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver. If a record date is fixed, then, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only such Persons, shall be entitled to consent to such amendment, supplement, or waiver or to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 120 days after such record date unless the consent of the requisite number of Holders has been obtained.

 

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Section 9.05 Notation on or Exchange of Notes.

The Trustee may place an appropriate notation about an amendment, supplement or waiver on any Note thereafter authenticated. The Issuer in exchange for all Notes may issue and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, authenticate new Notes that reflect the amendment, supplement or waiver.

Failure to make the appropriate notation or issue a new Note shall not affect the validity and effect of such amendment, supplement or waiver.

Section 9.06 Trustee and Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to Sign Amendments, Etc.

The Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall sign any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article 9 if the amendment or supplement does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The Issuer may not sign an amendment, supplement or waiver until the board of directors or similar governing body of the Issuer approves it. In executing any amendment, supplement or waiver, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to receive and (subject to Section 7.01 hereof) shall be fully protected in relying upon, in addition to the documents required by Section 13.03 hereof, an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or Security Documents, as the case may be, is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements and Security Documents and that such amendment, supplement or waiver is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Issuer and any Notes Guarantors party thereto, enforceable against them in accordance with its terms, subject to customary exceptions, and complies with the provisions hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing and upon satisfaction of the requirements set forth in Section 9.01 hereof but without limiting the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, no Opinion of Counsel shall be required to be delivered to the Trustee in connection with the addition of a Notes Guarantor under this Indenture.

ARTICLE 10

NOTES GUARANTEES

Section 10.01 Guarantee.

Subject to this Article 10, each of the Notes Guarantors hereby, jointly and severally irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees, to each Holder of a Note authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and their successors and assigns, irrespective of the validity and enforceability of this Indenture, the Notes, the Notes Documents or the obligations of the Issuer hereunder or thereunder, that: (a) the principal of, interest, and premium on the Notes shall be promptly paid in full when due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, redemption or otherwise, and interest on the overdue principal of and interest on the Notes, if any, if lawful, and all other Notes Obligations shall be promptly paid in full or performed, all in accordance with the terms hereof and the terms of the other Notes Documents; and (b) in case of any extension of time of payment or renewal of any Notes or any of such other obligations, that same shall be promptly paid in full when due or performed in accordance with the terms of the extension or renewal, whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise (all the foregoing being hereinafter collectively called the “Guaranteed Obligations”). Failing payment when due of any amount so guaranteed or any performance so guaranteed for whatever reason,

 

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the Notes Guarantors shall be jointly and severally obligated to pay the same immediately. Each Notes Guarantor agrees that this is a guarantee of payment and not a guarantee of collection and waives any right to require that any resort be had by any Holder to any security held for payment of the Guaranteed Obligations.

The Notes Guarantors hereby agree that their obligations hereunder shall be unconditional, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Notes or this Indenture or the other Notes Documents, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent by any Holder of the Notes with respect to or any amendment of any provisions hereof or thereof, the recovery of any judgment against the Issuer, any action to enforce the same or any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a guarantor. Each Notes Guarantor hereby waives diligence, presentment, demand of payment, filing of claims with a court in the event of insolvency or bankruptcy of the Issuer, any right to require a proceeding first against the Issuer, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever and covenants that this Notes Guarantee shall not be discharged except by complete performance of the obligations contained in the Notes, this Indenture and the other Notes Documents.

Each Notes Guarantor further agrees (to the extent permitted by law) that the Guaranteed Obligations may be extended or renewed, in whole or in part, without notice or further assent from it, and that it will remain bound under this Article 10 notwithstanding any extension or renewal of any Guaranteed Obligation.

Except as set forth in Section 10.02, the obligations of each Notes Guarantor hereunder shall not be subject to any reduction, limitation, impairment or termination for any reason (other than payment of the Guaranteed Obligations in full), including any claim of waiver, release, surrender, alteration or compromise, and shall not be subject to any defense of setoff, counterclaim, recoupment or termination whatsoever or by reason of the invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of the Guaranteed Obligations or otherwise. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Guaranteed Obligations of each Notes Guarantor herein shall not be discharged or impaired or otherwise affected by (a) the failure of the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder to assert any claim or demand or to enforce any right or remedy against the Issuer or any other Person under this Indenture, the Notes or any other agreement or otherwise; (b) any extension or renewal of any thereof; (c) any rescission, waiver, amendment or modification of any of the terms or provisions of this Indenture, the Notes or any other agreement; (d) the release of any security held by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder for the Guaranteed Obligations; (e) the failure of the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder to exercise any right or remedy against any other Notes Guarantor; (f) any change in the ownership of the Issuer; (g) any default, failure or delay, willful or otherwise, in the performance of the Guaranteed Obligations; or (h) any other act or thing or omission or delay to do any other act or thing which may or might in any manner or to any extent vary the risk of any Notes Guarantor or would otherwise operate as a discharge of such Notes Guarantor as a matter of law or equity.

Each Notes Guarantor also agrees to pay any and all costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder in enforcing any rights under this Section 10.01.

If any Holder, the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent is required by any court or otherwise to return to the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors or any custodian, trustee, liquidator or other similar official acting in relation to either the Issuer or the Notes Guarantors, any amount paid either to the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or such Holder, this Notes Guarantee, to the extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect.

 

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Each Notes Guarantor agrees that it shall not be entitled to any right of subrogation in relation to the Holders in respect of any obligations guaranteed hereby until payment in full of all obligations guaranteed hereby. Each Notes Guarantor further agrees that, as between the Notes Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Holders, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Trustee, on the other hand, (x) the maturity of the obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in Article 6 hereof for the purposes of this Notes Guarantee, notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such acceleration in respect of the obligations guaranteed hereby, and (y) in the event of any declaration of acceleration of such obligations as provided in Article 6 hereof, such obligations (whether or not due and payable) shall forthwith become due and payable by the Notes Guarantors for the purpose of this Notes Guarantee. The Notes Guarantors shall have the right to seek contribution from any non-paying Notes Guarantor so long as the exercise of such right does not impair the rights of the Holders under the Notes Guarantees.

Each Notes Guarantee shall remain in full force and effect and continue to be effective should any petition be filed by or against the Issuer for liquidation or reorganization, should the Issuer become insolvent or make an assignment for the benefit of creditors or should a receiver or trustee be appointed for all or any significant part of the Issuer’s assets, and shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment and performance of the Notes are, pursuant to applicable law, rescinded or reduced in amount, or must otherwise be restored or returned by any obligee on the Notes or Notes Guarantees, whether as a “voidable preference,” “fraudulent transfer” or otherwise, all as though such payment or performance had not been made. In the event that any payment, or any part thereof, is rescinded, reduced, restored or returned, the Notes shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be reinstated and deemed reduced only by such amount paid and not so rescinded, reduced, restored or returned.

In case any provision of any Notes Guarantee shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

The Notes Guarantee issued by any Notes Guarantor shall be a senior secured obligation of such Notes Guarantor and shall be pari passu in right of payment with all existing and future Indebtedness of such Notes Guarantor, except to the extent such other Indebtedness is subordinate in right of payment to the Guaranteed Obligations, in which case the obligations of the Notes Guarantors under the Notes Guarantees will rank senior in right of payment to such other Indebtedness.

Each Notes Guarantor assumes all responsibility for being and keeping itself informed of the Issuer’s and each other Notes Guarantor’s financial condition and assets, and of all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Guaranteed Obligations and the nature, scope and extent of the risks that such Notes Guarantor assumes and incurs hereunder, and agrees that none of the Secured Parties will have any duty to advise such Notes Guarantor of information known to it or any of them regarding such circumstances or risks.

Section 10.02 Limitation on Notes Guarantors Liability.

Each Notes Guarantor, and by its acceptance of Notes, each Holder, hereby confirms that it is the intention of all such parties that the Notes Guarantee of such Notes Guarantor not constitute a fraudulent transfer or conveyance for purposes of Bankruptcy Law, the Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act, the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act or any similar federal or state law to the extent applicable to any Notes Guarantee. To effectuate the foregoing intention, the Trustee, the Holders and the Notes Guarantors hereby irrevocably agree that the obligations of each Notes Guarantor shall be limited to the maximum

 

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amount as will, after giving effect to such maximum amount and all other contingent and fixed liabilities of such Notes Guarantor that are relevant under such laws and after giving effect to any collections from, rights to receive contribution from or payments made by or on behalf of any other Notes Guarantor in respect of the obligations of such other Notes Guarantor under this Article 10, result in the obligations of such Notes Guarantor under its Notes Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under applicable law. Each Notes Guarantor that makes a payment under its Notes Guarantee shall be entitled upon payment in full of all Notes Obligations under this Indenture to a contribution from each other Notes Guarantor in an amount equal to such other Notes Guarantor’s pro rata portion of such payment based on the respective net assets of all the Notes Guarantors at the time of such payment determined in accordance with GAAP.

Section 10.03 Execution and Delivery.

To evidence its Notes Guarantee set forth in Section 10.01 hereof, each Notes Guarantor hereby agrees that this Indenture shall be executed on behalf of such Notes Guarantor by a Responsible Officer of such Notes Guarantor.

Each Notes Guarantor hereby agrees that its Notes Guarantee set forth in Section 10.01 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the absence of the endorsement of any notation of such Notes Guarantee on the Notes.

If a Responsible Officer whose signature is on this Indenture no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Note, the Notes Guarantee shall be valid nevertheless.

The delivery of any Note by the Trustee, after the authentication thereof hereunder, shall constitute due delivery of the Notes Guarantee set forth in this Indenture on behalf of the Notes Guarantors.

If required by Section 4.13 hereof, the Issuer shall cause any newly created or acquired Restricted Subsidiary to comply with the provisions of Section 4.13 hereof and this Article 10, to the extent applicable.

Section 10.04 Subrogation.

Each Notes Guarantor shall be subrogated to all rights of Holders of Notes against the Issuer in respect of any amounts paid by any Notes Guarantor pursuant to the provisions of Section 10.01 hereof; provided that, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, no Notes Guarantor shall be entitled to enforce or receive any payments arising out of, or based upon, such right of subrogation until all amounts then due and payable by the Issuer under this Indenture or the Notes or the other Notes Documents shall have been paid in full.

Section 10.05 Benefits Acknowledged.

Each Notes Guarantor acknowledges that it shall receive direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements contemplated by this Indenture and that the guarantee and waivers made by it pursuant to its Notes Guarantee are knowingly made in contemplation of such benefits.

 

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Section 10.06 Release of Guarantees.

A Notes Guarantee by a Notes Guarantor shall be automatically and unconditionally released and discharged, and no further action by such Notes Guarantor, the Issuer or the Trustee is required for the release of such Notes Guarantor’s Notes Guarantee, upon:

(i) (A) with respect to any Notes Guarantor that is a Restricted Subsidiary, any sale, exchange or transfer (by merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise) of the Equity Interests of such Notes Guarantor (including any sale, exchange or transfer), after which the applicable Notes Guarantor is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary;

(B) with respect to any Notes Guarantor that is a Restricted Subsidiary, the designation of such Restricted Subsidiary that is a Notes Guarantor as an Unrestricted Subsidiary in compliance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture or such Restricted Subsidiary otherwise qualifying as an Excluded Subsidiary under such definition (other than solely as a result of becoming a Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary);

(C) the Issuer’s exercising its Legal Defeasance option or Covenant Defeasance option in accordance with Article 8 hereof or the satisfaction and discharge of the Issuer’s obligations under this Indenture in accordance with Article 11 hereof; or

(D) the release or discharge of such Notes Guarantee in accordance with Article 9 of this Indenture; and

(ii) the Issuer delivering to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to such transaction have been complied with.

ARTICLE 11

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

Section 11.01 Satisfaction and Discharge.

This Indenture shall be discharged and shall cease to be of further effect as to all Notes, when either:

(i) all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered, except lost, stolen or destroyed Notes which have been replaced or paid and Notes for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust, have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

(ii) (A) all Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable by reason of the making of a notice of redemption or otherwise, shall become due and payable within one year or may be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Issuer and the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust solely for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, cash in Dollars, Government Securities or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient without consideration of any reinvestment of interest to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation for principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest to the date of maturity or redemption;

(B) the Issuer has paid or caused to be paid all sums payable by it under this Indenture; and

(C) the Issuer has delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the Notes at maturity or the redemption date, as the case may be

 

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In addition, the Issuer must deliver an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the Trustee stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge have been satisfied; provided that any such counsel may rely on any Officer’s Certificate as to matters of fact (including as to compliance with the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii)).

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the provisions of Section 7.07 hereof shall survive and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (A) of clause Section 11.01(ii) of this Section 11.01, the provisions of Section 11.02 and Section 8.06 hereof shall survive.

Section 11.02 Application of Trust Money.

Subject to the provisions of Section 8.06 hereof, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 11.01 hereof shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Notes and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Issuer acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium, if any) and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with the Trustee; but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any money or Government Securities in accordance with Section 11.01 hereof by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the Issuer’s and any Notes Guarantor’s obligations under this Indenture and the Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 11.01 hereof; provided that if the Issuer has made any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Notes because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Issuer shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to receive such payment from the money or Government Securities held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

ARTICLE 12

COLLATERAL

Section 12.01 Security Documents.

The payment of the principal, interest and premium, if any, on the Notes and the Notes Guarantees when due, whether on an Interest Payment Date, at maturity, by acceleration, repurchase, redemption or otherwise and whether by the Issuer pursuant to the Notes or by any Notes Guarantor pursuant to its Notes Guarantee, the payment of all other Notes Obligations of the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors under this Indenture, the Notes, the Notes Guarantees and the Security Documents and performance of all other obligations of the Issuer and any Notes Guarantor to the Holders of Notes or the Trustee under this Indenture, the Notes and any Notes Guarantee, according to the terms hereunder or thereunder, are secured as provided in the Security Documents, which the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors have entered into simultaneously with the execution of this Indenture and will be secured by Security Documents delivered after the date of this Indenture as required or permitted by this Indenture, subject to the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreements. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Indenture or the Security Documents, the Issuer and each Notes Guarantor will, and each Notes Guarantor will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, do or cause to be done all such acts and things as may be required to

 

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cause the Security Documents to create valid, enforceable and perfected Liens as and to the extent required hereby, and by the Intercreditor Agreements and the Security Documents, so as to render the same available for the security and benefit of this Indenture and of the Notes secured thereby, according to the intent and purposes herein expressed. The Issuer and each Notes Guarantor will take, and each Notes Guarantor will cause its Subsidiaries to take any and all actions and make all filings (including the filing of UCC financing statements, continuation statements and amendments thereto) reasonably required to cause the Security Documents to create and maintain, as security for the Notes Obligations of the Issuer hereunder, a valid and enforceable perfected Lien in and on all the Collateral ranking in right and priority of payment as to the extent required by this Indenture, the Intercreditor Agreements and the other Notes Documents and subject to no other Liens other than as permitted by the terms of this Indenture.

Section 12.02 Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

(a) The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent agrees that it will hold the security interests in the Collateral created under the Security Documents to which it is a party as contemplated by this Indenture and the Intercreditor Agreements, and any and all proceeds thereof, for the benefit of, among others, the Trustee and the Holders, without limiting the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s rights, including under this Section 12.02, to act in preservation of the security interest in the Collateral. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent is authorized and empowered to appoint one or more co-collateral agents as it deems necessary or appropriate; provided, however, that no Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder shall be personally liable by reason of any act or omission of any other Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder.

(b) Neither the Trustee nor the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent nor any of their respective officers, directors, employees, attorneys or agents will be responsible or liable for the existence, genuineness, value or protection of any Collateral, for the legality, enforceability, effectiveness, or sufficiency of the Security Documents or Intercreditor Agreements, for the creation, perfection, priority, sufficiency or protection of any Lien, including without limitation not being responsible for payment of any Taxes, charges or assessments upon the Collateral or otherwise as to the maintenance of the Collateral, or for any defect or deficiency as to any such matters, or for any failure to demand, collect, foreclose or realize upon or otherwise enforce any of the Liens or Security Documents or any delay in doing so. Neither the Trustee nor the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent nor any of their respective officers, directors, employees, attorneys or agents will be responsible or liable for making any filings or recordings to perfect or maintain the perfection of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s Lien in the Collateral, including, without limitation, the filing of any UCC financing statements, continuation statements, Mortgages or any filings with respect to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or U.S. Copyright Office.

(c) The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent will be subject to such directions as may be given to it by the Trustee, the Controlling Party or the Required Holders from time to time (as required or permitted by this Indenture). Except as directed by the Trustee as required or permitted by this Indenture and any other representatives, and only if indemnified by the Trustee, the Controlling Party or the Required Holders to its satisfaction, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent will not be obligated:

(i) to act upon directions purported to be delivered to it by any Person;

(ii) to foreclose upon or otherwise enforce any Lien created under the Security Documents; or

(iii) to take any other action whatsoever with regard to any or all of the Liens, Security Documents or Collateral.

 

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(d) The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent will be accountable only for amounts that it actually receives as a result of the enforcement of the Liens or Security Documents.

(e) In acting as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder and under the other Notes Documents, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon and enforce each and all of the rights, privileges, immunities, indemnities and benefits of the Trustee under Article 7.

(f) At all times when the Trustee is not itself the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Issuer will deliver to the Trustee copies of all Security Documents delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and copies of all documents delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the Security Documents.

(g) The Issuer and each of the Holders by acceptance of the Notes hereby designates and appoints the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent as its agent under this Indenture, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements, and the Issuer and each of the Holders by acceptance of the Notes hereby irrevocably authorizes the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to take such action on its behalf under the provisions of this Indenture, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements, and to exercise such powers and perform such duties as are expressly delegated to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent by the terms of this Indenture, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements, and consents and agrees to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreements and each Security Document, as the same may be in effect or may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with their respective terms. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent agrees to act as such on the express conditions contained in this Section 12.02.

(h) The duties of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be ministerial and administrative in nature, and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall not have any duties or responsibilities, except those expressly set forth herein and in the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements, to which the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent is a party, nor shall the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent have or be deemed to have any trust or other fiduciary relationship with the Trustee, any Holder or any Note Party, and no implied covenants, functions, responsibilities, duties, obligations or liabilities shall be read into this Indenture, the Security Documents or the Intercreditor Agreements, or otherwise exist against the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody of the Collateral in its possession if the Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which it accords its own property and shall not be liable or responsible for any loss or diminution in the value of any of the Collateral, by reason of the act or omission of any carrier, forwarding agency or other agent or bailee selected by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in good faith.

Section 12.03 Release of Collateral

(a) Subject to Section 12.03(b) and (c) hereof, the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes will be released in whole or in part, as applicable, under one or more of the following circumstances:

(i) in whole upon:

(A) satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as set forth under Article 11; or

 

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(B) a Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance of this Indenture as set forth under Article 8;

(ii) in whole or in part, as applicable, with the consent of the requisite Holders of Notes in accordance with Article 9 of this Indenture, including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for, or purchase of Notes;

(iii) in part and automatically, as to any asset constituting Collateral:

(A) that becomes an Excluded Asset or is sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of by the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor to any Person that is not (either before or after giving effect to such transaction) the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor in a transaction permitted by the Notes Documents and the documentation governing any First Lien Obligations if all other Liens on that asset securing the First Lien Obligations then secured by that asset (including all commitments thereunder) are released and such release is not made in connection with the Discharge of First Lien Obligations; provided that, if otherwise required by this Indenture, the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) shall have consented to any such transaction and the terms of such consent shall not have provided otherwise;

(B) that is owned by a Notes Guarantor that has been released from its Notes Guarantee in accordance with Section 10.02, concurrently with the release of such Notes Guarantee, or

(C) that is otherwise released in accordance with Section 5.01 of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and Section 2.6 of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement (if applicable), but subject to any restrictions thereon set forth herein or therein;

provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, on the date of the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations, the Liens on the Collateral under the Notes Documents will not be released, except to the extent that such Collateral or any portion thereof was disposed of in compliance with the terms of the applicable Intercreditor Agreements in order to repay Notes Obligations secured by such Collateral.

(b) With respect to any release of the Liens on the Collateral, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that all conditions precedent under this Indenture and the other Notes Documents, as applicable, to such release have been met and that it is proper for the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to execute and deliver the documents requested by the Issuer in connection with such release, and any necessary or proper instruments of termination, satisfaction, discharge or release prepared by the Issuer (unless such release qualifies under Section 4.14(c), in which event, the written request and evidence of the Credit Agreement Agent consent shall be the only documentation required), the Trustee shall, or shall cause the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to, execute, deliver or acknowledge (at the Issuers’ expense) such instruments or releases to evidence the release and discharge of any Collateral permitted to be released pursuant to this Indenture. Neither the Trustee nor the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be liable for any such release undertaken in reliance upon any such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel, and notwithstanding any term hereof or in any other Notes Document to the contrary, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall not be under any obligation to release any such Lien and security interest, or execute and deliver any such instrument of release, satisfaction, discharge or termination, unless and until it receives such Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel.

 

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(c) At any time when an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the maturity of the Notes has been accelerated (whether by declaration or otherwise) and the Trustee has delivered notice of acceleration to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, no release of the Liens on the Collateral pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture or the Security Documents shall be effective as against the Holders, except as otherwise provided in the Intercreditor Agreements.

Section 12.04 Suits to Protect the Collateral

Subject to the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreements and the Security Documents, the Trustee is authorized and empowered to institute and maintain, or direct the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to institute and maintain, such suits and proceedings to protect or enforce the Liens securing the Notes or to prevent any impairment of the Collateral by any acts which may be unlawful or in violation of any of the Security Documents or this Indenture, and such suits and proceedings to preserve or protect its interest and the interests of the Holders of the Notes in the Collateral (including suits or proceedings to restrain the enforcement of or compliance with any legislative or other governmental enactment, rule or order that may be unconstitutional or otherwise invalid if the enforcement of, or compliance with, such enactment, rule or order would impair the Liens created under the Security Documents or be prejudicial to the interests of the Holders of the Notes).

Section 12.05 Authorization of Actions to be Taken

(a) Each Holder of Notes consents and agrees to the terms of each Security Document, as originally in effect and as amended, supplemented or replaced from time to time in accordance with its terms or the terms of this Indenture, authorizes and directs the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to enter into the Security Documents to which it is a party, authorizes and empowers the Trustee to direct the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to enter into, and the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to execute and deliver, the Intercreditor Agreements, and authorizes and empowers the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to bind the Holders of Notes as set forth in the Security Documents to which it is a party and the Intercreditor Agreements and to perform its obligations and exercise its rights and powers thereunder. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver, approval, exercise of judgment or discretion, designation or other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, taken or exercised by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, shall be given, taken or exercised by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent at the direction of the Trustee who shall seek directions from (x) the Controlling Party (prior to the Disposition Date), (y) unless a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and subject to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the Issuer (accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate evidencing the consent from the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement (after the Disposition Date but prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations)) or (z) the Required Holders (after the Disposition Date and the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations). The Issuer and Notes Guarantors shall deliver any notice, agreement, certificate or other document delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in connection with any of the Notes Documents to the Trustee.

(b) The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Trustee are authorized and empowered to receive for the benefit of the Holders of Notes any funds collected or distributed under the Security Documents to which the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Trustee is a party and to make further distributions of such funds to the Holders of Notes according to the provisions of this Indenture and the Intercreditor Agreements.

 

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(c) Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, Section 7.02 and the Intercreditor Agreements, the Trustee may (but shall not be obligated to), in its sole and reasonable discretion and without the consent of any Holders, direct, on behalf of the Holders, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to take all actions it deems necessary or appropriate in order to:

(i) foreclose upon or otherwise enforce any or all of the Liens created under the Security Documents;

(ii) enforce any of the terms of the Security Documents or Intercreditor Agreements to which the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or Trustee is a party; or

(iii) collect and receive payment of any and all Notes Obligations to the extent then due and payable.

Section 12.06 Purchaser Protected.

In no event shall any purchaser in good faith of any property purported to be released hereunder be bound to ascertain the authority of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Trustee to execute the release or to inquire as to the satisfaction of any conditions required by the provisions hereof for the exercise of such authority or to see to the application of any consideration given by such purchaser or other transferee; nor shall any purchaser or other transferee of any property or rights permitted by this Article 12 to be sold be under any obligation to ascertain or inquire into the authority of the Issuer or the applicable Notes Guarantor to make any such sale or other transfer.

Section 12.07 Powers Exercisable by Receiver or Trustee.

In case the Collateral shall be in the possession of a receiver or trustee, lawfully appointed, the powers conferred in this Article 12 upon the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor with respect to the release, sale or other disposition of such property may be exercised by such receiver or trustee, and an instrument signed by such receiver or trustee shall be deemed the equivalent of any similar instrument of the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor or of any Responsible Officer or Responsible Officers thereof required by the provisions of this Article 12; and if the Trustee shall be in the possession of the Collateral under any provision of this Indenture, then such powers may be exercised by the Trustee.

Section 12.08 Release Upon Termination of the Issuers Obligations

In the event that the Issuer delivers to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying that (i) payment in full of the principal of, together with accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes and all other Notes Obligations under this Indenture, the Notes, the Notes Guarantees, the Security Documents and the other Notes Documents that are due and payable at or prior to the time such principal, together with accrued and unpaid interest, are paid or (ii) the Issuer shall have exercised its Legal Defeasance option or its Covenant Defeasance option, in each case in compliance with the provisions of Article 8, the Trustee shall deliver to the Issuer and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent a notice stating that the Trustee, on behalf of the Holders, disclaims and gives up any and all rights it has in or to the Collateral, and any rights it has under the Security Documents, and upon receipt by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent of such notice, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be deemed not to hold a Lien in the Collateral on behalf of the Trustee and shall execute, deliver or authorize the filing of (at the expense of the Issuer) such documents reasonably requested by the Issuer to evidence and reflect the release and discharge of such Lien as soon as is reasonably practicable.

 

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Section 12.09 No Impairment of the Security Interests.

Except as otherwise permitted under this Indenture, the Intercreditor Agreements and the Security Documents, neither the Issuer nor any of the Notes Guarantors will be permitted to take any action, or knowingly omit to take any action, which action or omission would have the result of impairing the security interest with respect to the Collateral for the benefit of the Trustee, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Holders of the Notes.

ARTICLE 13

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 13.01 Notices.

Any notice or communication by the Issuer, any Notes Guarantor, the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to the others is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), fax or overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to the others’ address:

If to the Issuer and/or any Notes Guarantor:

c/o Sotera Health Holdings, LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, OH 44147

Email: SLeffler@soterahealth.com

Attention: Scott Leffler

With a copy to:

Sotera Health LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, OH 44147

Email: MKlaben@soterahealth.com

Attention: Matthew Klaben

Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP

One Liberty Plaza

New York, NY 10006

Email: kreaves@cgsh.com

Attention: Katherine Reaves

If to the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent:

Wilmington Trust, National Association

1100 North Market Street

Wilmington, Delaware 19890

Fax No.: 302-636-4145

Attention: Sotera Health Holdings, LLC Administrator

 

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If to Goldman, Sachs & Co. LLC, its Account Parties or other Holders related thereto:

c/o Goldman, Sachs & Co. LLC

200 West Street

New York, NY 10282

Email: Jeff.Boyd@gs.com and Kirsten.Hagen@gs.com

Attn: Jeff Boyd and Kristen Hagen

If to Ares Capital Management LLC, its Account Parties or other Holders related thereto:

c/o Ares Capital Management LLC

245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor

New York, NY 10167

Email: rbrown@aresmgmt.com and BondSettlement@aresmgmt.com

Attention: Rob Brown

If to The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, its Account Parties or other Holders related thereto:

c/o The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company

720 East Wisconsin Avenue

Milwaukee, WI 53202

Email: bradkunath@northwesternmutual.com and

matthewgabrys@northwesternmutual.com

Attention: Brad Kunath and Matthew Gabrys

If to Oak Hill Advisors, L.P., its Account Parties or other Holders related thereto:

c/o Oak Hill Advisors, L.P.

1114 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10036

Email: estaver@oakhilladvisors.com and SWani@oakhilladvisors.com

Attention: Eric Staver and Shilpa Wani

In the case of notices to the Accounts, with a copy to:

Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP

767 Fifth Avenue

New York, NY 10153

Email: Michael.Hickey@weil.com and Justin.D.Lee@weil.com

Attention: Michael Hickey, Esq. and Justin D. Lee, Esq.

The above parties, by notice to the others, may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

All notices and communications (other than those sent to Holders) shall be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally delivered; on first date on which publication is made, if by publication; five (5) calendar days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed by first-class mail; when receipt acknowledged, if faxed; and the next Business Day after timely delivery to the courier, if sent by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery; provided that any notice or communication delivered to the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be deemed effective upon actual receipt thereof.

 

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Any notice or communication to a Holder shall be mailed by first-class mail, certified or registered, return receipt requested, or by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery to its address shown on the register kept by the Registrar. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or any Note, where this Indenture or any Note provides for notice of any event (including any notice of redemption or purchase) to a Holder of a Global Note (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice shall be sufficiently given if given to the Depositary pursuant to the standing instructions from the Depositary.

If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it.

If the Issuer mails a notice or communication to Holders, it shall mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

The Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent agree to accept and act upon instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, facsimile transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods. If the Issuer, any Notes Guarantor or any Holder elects to give the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions by a similar electronic method) and the Trustee in its reasonable discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Trustee’s and/or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s understanding of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. The Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Trustee’s or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding if such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties.

Section 13.02 Communication by Holders of Notes with Other Holders of Notes.

Holders may communicate pursuant to Trust Indenture Act Section 312(b) with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Notes. The Issuer, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of Trust Indenture Act Section 312(c).

Section 13.03 Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.

Upon any request or application by the Issuer or any of the Notes Guarantors to the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to take any action under this Indenture or any other Notes Documents, the Issuer or such Notes Guarantor, as the case may be, shall furnish to the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent:

(a) An Officer’s Certificate in form satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 12.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent and covenants, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been satisfied; and

(b) An Opinion of Counsel in form satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 12.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent and covenants have been satisfied.

 

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Section 13.04 Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to Section 4.04 hereof and shall include:

(a) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;

(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

(c) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with (and, in the case of an Opinion of Counsel, may be limited to reliance on an Officer’s Certificate as to matters of fact); and

(d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with; provided that with respect to matters of fact, an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an Officer’s Certificate or certificates of public officials.

Section 13.05 Rules by Trustee and Agents.

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of Holders. The Registrar or Paying Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.

Section 13.06 No Personal Liability of Directors, Responsible Officers, Employees and Stockholders.

No past, present or future director, officer, employee, incorporator, member, partner or stockholder of the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor or any of their direct or indirect parent companies (other than the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors), in their capacities as such, shall have any liability for any obligations of the Issuer or the Notes Guarantors under the Notes, the Notes Guarantees or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting Notes waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Notes.

Section 13.07 Governing Law.

THIS INDENTURE, THE NOTES AND THE NOTES GUARANTEES WILL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

 

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Section 13.08 Waiver of Jury Trial.

EACH OF THE ISSUER, THE GUARANTORS, THE TRUSTEE AND THE SECOND LIEN NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE NOTES OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

Section 13.09 Submission to Jurisdiction.

The Issuer and the Guarantors agree that any suit, action or proceeding against the Issuer or any Guarantor brought by any Holder, the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent arising out of or based upon this Indenture or any Notes Document may be instituted in any state or Federal court in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, and each of them irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any suit, action or proceeding. The Issuer and the Guarantors irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection to any suit, action, or proceeding that may be brought in connection with this Indenture or the other Notes Documents, including such actions, suits or proceedings relating to securities laws of the United States of America or any state thereof, in such courts whether on the grounds of venue, residence or domicile or on the ground that any such suit, action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

Section 13.10 Force Majeure.

In no event shall the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Indenture or the Notes Documents arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its reasonable control, including without limitation strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software or hardware) services.

Section 13.11 No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

This Indenture may not be used to interpret any other indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries or of any other Person. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

Section 13.12 Successors.

All agreements of the Issuer in this Indenture and the Notes shall bind its successors. All agreements of the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in this Indenture shall bind its respective successors. All agreements of each Notes Guarantor in this Indenture shall bind its successors, except as otherwise provided in Section 10.05 hereof.

Section 13.13 Severability.

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

Section 13.14 Counterpart Originals.

The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent one and the same agreement. The exchange of copies of this Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture and signature pages for all purposes. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or PDF shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes.

 

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Section 13.15 Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.

The Table of Contents and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part of this Indenture and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

Section 13.16 U.S.A. PATRIOT Act.

The parties hereto acknowledge that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The parties to this Indenture agree that they will provide the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent with such information as the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may reasonably request in order for the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act.

Section 13.17 Calculation Agent.

The Issuer hereby initially appoints Wilmington Trust, National Association to serve as Calculation Agent for the Notes and Wilmington Trust, National Association hereby accepts such appointment. The Issuer hereby agrees that, for so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, there will at all times be an agent appointed to calculate the Adjusted LIBOR Rate and the Applicable Rate in respect of each Interest Period when required by and in accordance with the terms of paragraph 1 of the Notes (the “Calculation Agent”). The Calculation Agent may be removed at any time. The Calculation Agent’s sole responsibility shall be (i) to determine the Adjusted LIBOR Rate and the Applicable Rate when required by and in accordance with the terms of paragraph 1 of the Notes and (ii) to notify the Issuer and, upon written request, any Holder of the Notes, of the Adjusted LIBOR Rate and/or the Applicable Rate. In acting as Calculation Agent hereunder, the Calculation Agent shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon and enforce each and all of the rights, privileges, immunities, indemnities and benefits of the Trustee under Article 7. The resignation or removal of the Calculation Agent shall not be effective without a successor having been duly appointed.

The determination of the Applicable Rate and/or Adjusted LIBOR Rate by the Calculation Agent shall, in the absence of manifest error, be binding on all parties.

[Signature pages follow]

 

155


SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

as Issuer

By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

as Holdings

By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

 

[Signature Page to Indenture]


NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH, LLC
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Indenture]


STERIGENICS U.S., LLC
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH SERVICES, LLC
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Indenture]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Trustee

By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent

By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Calculation Agent

By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President

[Signature Page to Indenture]


EXHIBIT A

[Face of Note]

[Insert the Global Note Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture]

[Insert the Private Placement Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture]

[Insert the Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture]

[Insert Original Issue Discount Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture]

 

A-1


CUSIP [                ]

ISIN [                 ]1

GLOBAL NOTE

Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2027

 

No.        

   [$______________]

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC

Sotera Health Holdings, LLC promises to pay to __________, or registered assigns, the principal sum of ____________________ DOLLARS [(as such amount may be increased or decreased as set forth on the Schedule of Exchanges of Interest in Global Note attached hereto)] on December 13, 2027 (the “Final Maturity Date”).

Interest Payment Dates: March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 commencing on March 31, 2020.

Record Dates: March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15

 

 

1 

Rule 144A Note CUSIP: 83600W AA7

Rule 144A Note ISIN: US83600WAA71

Regulation S Note CUSIP: U83595 AA3

Regulation S Note ISIN: USU83595AA32

IAI Note CUSIP: 83600W AB5

IAI Note ISIN: US83600WAB54

 

A-2


IN WITNESS HEREOF, the Issuer has caused this instrument to be duly executed.

Dated:

    SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC
    By:    
      Name:
      Title:

 

A-3


This is one of the Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture:

 

   

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL

ASSOCIATION,

as Trustee

Dated:    
    By:    
      Authorized Signatory

 

A-4


[Back of Note]

Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2027

Capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture referred to below unless otherwise indicated.

1. INTEREST. Sotera Health Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”), promises to pay interest on the principal amount of this Note at a rate per annum (the “Applicable Rate”) equal to (i) the applicable Adjusted LIBOR Rate plus (ii) 8.00% per annum, reset quarterly, as determined by the Calculation Agent, which shall initially be the Trustee. The Issuer will pay interest, if any, quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year, or if any such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day (each, an “Interest Payment Date”). The Issuer shall also pay accrued interest on the Notes, if any, on the Final Maturity Date. Interest on the Notes shall accrue from the most recent date to which interest has been paid or, if no interest has been paid, from the date of issuance. The first Interest Payment Date shall be March 31, 2020. The Issuer shall also pay any additional interest required to be paid pursuant to Section 6.03 of the Indenture. Interest on the Notes will be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and the actual number of days elapsed. On the Final Maturity Date, the Issuer shall pay the entire aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

 

  (a)

The Calculation Agent will, on each Determination Date, determine the Applicable Rate.

 

  (b)

All percentages resulting from any of the above calculations will be rounded, if necessary, to the nearest one hundred thousandth of a percentage point, with five one-millionths of a percentage point being rounded upwards (e.g., 4.876545% (or 0.04876545) being rounded to 4.87655% (or 0.487655)). All dollar amounts used in or resulting from such calculations will be rounded to the nearest cent (with one-half cent being rounded upwards). The determination of the Applicable Rate and/or Adjusted LIBOR Rate by the Calculation Agent shall, in the absence of manifest error, be binding on all parties.

 

  (c)

The Calculation Agent will, upon the written request of the Holder of any Note, provide the Applicable Rate then in effect with respect to the Notes.

 

  (d)

Set forth below is a summary of certain of the defined terms used in this Note relating to the calculation of interest on the Notes:

Adjusted LIBOR Rate” means, with respect to any Interest Period when used in reference to any Note, (a) the rate of interest (rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest 1/100th) appearing on Bloomberg Page BBAM1 (or any successor or substitute page of such service, or any successor to such service as determined by the Issuer in consultation with the Calculation Agent) as the London interbank offered rate for deposits in Dollars for a term of three months, at approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the Determination Date (but if more than one such rate is specified on such page, the rate will be an arithmetic average of all such rates) or (b) if such rate described in clause (a) of this definition is not available, the rate of interest (rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest 1/100th) appearing in the money markets section of The Wall Street Journal (or any successor or substitute section of such periodical, or any successor to such periodical as determined by the Issuer in consultation with the Calculation Agent) as the London interbank offered rate for deposits in Dollars for a term of three months on the Determination Date; provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Note, the Indenture or any other Notes Document, in no event shall the Adjusted LIBOR Rate be less than 1.00% per annum.

 

A-5


Bloomberg Page BBAM1” means the display designated as Page BBAM1 on the Bloomberg Service or any successor page or service for the purposes of displaying the London interbank offered rates for Dollar deposits.

Determination Date” means, with respect to any Interest Period, the second (2nd) Business Day immediately prior to the first day of such Interest Period.

Interest Period” means the period commencing on and including an Interest Payment Date and ending on but excluding the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, it being understood that the first Interest Period shall commence on and include the Issue Date and end on and exclude March 31, 2020.

2. METHOD OF PAYMENT. By no later than noon (New York City time) on the date on which any principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note is due and payable, the Issuer shall deposit with the Paying Agent a sum sufficient in immediately available funds to pay such principal, premium and interest when due. Interest on any Note which is payable, and is timely paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Note is registered at the close of business on the preceding March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 at the office or agency of the Issuer maintained for such purpose pursuant to Section 2.03 of the Indenture. The principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Notes shall be payable at the office or agency of the Paying Agent or Registrar designated by the Issuer maintained for such purpose (which shall initially be the office of the Trustee maintained for such purpose), or at such other office or agency of the Issuer as may be maintained for such purpose pursuant to Section 2.03 of the Indenture; provided, however, that, at the option of the Paying Agent, each installment of interest may be paid by (i) check mailed to addresses of the Persons entitled thereto as such addresses shall appear on the Notes Register or (ii) wire transfer to an account located in the United States maintained by the payee, subject to the last sentence of this paragraph. Payments in respect of Notes represented by a Global Note (including principal, premium, if any, and interest ) will be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by DTC or any successor depository. Payments in respect of Notes represented by Definitive Notes (including principal, premium, if any, and interest) held by a Holder of at least $1,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Notes represented by Definitive Notes will be made by wire transfer to a U.S. dollar account maintained by the payee with a bank in the United States if such Holder elects payment by wire transfer by giving written notice to the Trustee or the Paying Agent to such effect designating such account no later than 15 days immediately preceding the relevant due date for payment (or such other date as the Trustee may accept in its reasonable discretion). If an Interest Payment Date is not a Business Day, payment shall be made on the next succeeding day that is a Business Day, and no interest shall accrue on such payment for the intervening period. If a regular Record Date is not a Business Day, the Record Date shall not be affected. All payments on or in respect of the Notes (including principal, premium and interest) will be in Dollars.

3. PAYING AGENT AND REGISTRAR. Initially, Wilmington Trust, National Association, the Trustee under the Indenture, will act as Paying Agent and Registrar. The Issuer may change any Paying Agent or Registrar without notice to the Holders. The Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries may act in any such capacity.

 

A-6


4. INDENTURE. The Issuer issued the Notes under an Indenture, dated as of December 13, 2019, as amended or supplemented from time to time (the “Indenture”), among the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors named therein, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of notes of the Issuer designated as its Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2027. The terms of the Notes include those stated in the Indenture. The Notes are subject to all such terms, and Holders are referred to the Indenture for a statement of such terms. To the extent any provision of this Note conflicts with the express provisions of the Indenture, the provisions of the Indenture shall govern and be controlling.

5. REDEMPTION AND REPURCHASE. The Notes are subject to optional redemption, and may be the subject of an Redemption Offer, as further described in the Indenture. Except as provided in the Indenture, the Issuer shall not be required to make any mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes.

6. DENOMINATIONS, TRANSFER, EXCHANGE. The Notes are in registered form without coupons in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. The transfer of Notes may be registered and Notes may be exchanged as provided in the Indenture. The Registrar and the Trustee may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and the Issuer may require a Holder to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the Indenture. The Issuer need not exchange or register the transfer of any Note or portion of a Note selected for redemption or tendered (and not withdrawn) for repurchase in connection with an Redemption Offer or other tender offer, in whole or in part, except for the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part. Also, the Issuer need not exchange or register the transfer of any Notes for a period of 15 days before a selection of Notes to be redeemed.

7. PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS. The registered Holder of a Note may be treated as its owner for all purposes.

8. AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER. The Indenture, the Notes Guarantees or the Notes may be amended or supplemented as provided in the Indenture.

9. DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES. The Events of Default relating to the Notes are defined in Section 6.01 of the Indenture. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the rights and obligations of the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors, the Trustee and the Holders shall be as set forth in the applicable provisions of the Indenture.

10. AUTHENTICATION. This Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee.

11. GUARANTEES. The Issuer’s obligations under the Notes and all other Notes Obligations are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by the Notes Guarantors from time to time party to the Indenture.

12. SECURITY. The Notes will be secured by the Collateral. Reference is made to the Indenture, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements for terms relating to such security, including the release, termination and discharge thereof. Enforcement of the Security Documents is subject to the Intercreditor Agreements. The Issuer shall not be required to make any notation on this Note to reflect any grant of such security or any such release, termination or discharge.

13. GOVERNING LAW. THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SHALL GOVERN AND BE USED TO CONSTRUE THE INDENTURE, THE NOTES AND THE NOTES GUARANTEES.

 

A-7


14. CUSIP AND ISIN NUMBERS. Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Issuer has caused CUSIP and ISIN numbers to be printed on the Notes and the Trustee may use CUSIP or ISIN numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders. No representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as contained in any notice of redemption and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers placed thereon.

15. ALTERNATE RATE OF INTEREST. If (i) at least two (2) Business Days prior to the commencement of any Interest Period, the Issuer or the Calculation Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error) that adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the Adjusted LIBOR Rate for such Interest Period and the Issuer determines that such circumstances are unlikely to be temporary, (ii) a public statement or publication of information has been made by or on behalf of the administrator of the Adjusted LIBOR Rate announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide such Adjusted LIBOR Rate, permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide such Adjusted LIBOR Rate, (iii) a public statement or publication of information has been made by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of the Adjusted LIBOR Rate, the U.S. Federal Reserve System, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for the Adjusted LIBOR Rate, a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for LIBOR or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for the Adjusted LIBOR Rate, which states that the administrator of such Adjusted LIBOR Rate has ceased or will cease to provide such Adjusted LIBOR Rate, permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide such Adjusted LIBOR Rate or (iv) the supervisor for the administrator of the Adjusted LIBOR Rate or a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the Calculation Agent has made a public statement identifying a specific date after which the London interbank offered rate shall no longer be used for determining interest rates for loans, then in each case the Issuer shall endeavor to establish an alternate rate of interest to the Adjusted LIBOR Rate that gives due consideration to the then prevailing market convention for determining a rate of interest for high yield notes in the United States at such time, and the Issuer shall enter into an amended or supplemental indenture to the Indenture to reflect such alternate rate of interest and such other related changes to the Indenture as may be applicable in order to administer such alternate rate of interest.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Indenture or this Note, such amended or supplemental indenture to the Indenture shall become effective without any further action or consent of any Holder so long as the Issuer shall not have received, within five (5) Business Days of the date notice of such amended or supplemental indenture to the Indenture is provided to, prior to the Disposition Date, the Accounts and thereafter, the Holders, a written notice from the Controlling Party stating that such Controlling Party objects to such alternate rate of interest and related amended or supplemental indenture to the Indenture. In the absence of any such objection, the Controlling Party shall be deemed to have consented to the proposed amended or supplemental indenture.

The Issuer shall deliver prompt written notice to the Holders, the Trustee and the Calculation Agent identifying the condition triggering the need to determine an alternative rate of interest, the new alternate rate of interest and the proposed amendments to the Indenture. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, such amendment shall become effective only after the Issuer has obtained the consent (or deemed consent pursuant to the immediate preceding paragraph) of Controlling Party in accordance with this Section 15. In the event that the Issuer is unable to obtain the consent (or deemed consent) of Controlling Party or an alternate rate of interest cannot otherwise be determined on the Determination Date, the then existing Applicable Rate for the previous Interest Period shall apply, until the Controlling Party and the Issuer agree on an alternative rate of interest or a court of competent jurisdiction otherwise

 

A-8


directs.Upon the request of the Issuer accompanied by a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Issuer authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture and the documents required by Section 9.06 of the Indenture, the Trustee and the Calculation Agent shall join with the Issuer and the Guarantors in the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture; provided that, neither the Trustee nor the Calculation Agent need enter into any amended or supplemental indenture if the Trustee or the Calculation Agent determines that the alternate rate of interest is not administratively feasible (as determined by the Trustee or the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion); provided further that, neither the Trustee nor the Calculation Agent shall have any liability to any Person, including any Holder or Beneficial Owner of a Note, for any amendments to the Indenture or the Notes made in reliance on the Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel delivered to it under this Paragraph 15 and Section 9.06 of the Indenture.

The Issuer will furnish to any Holder upon written request and without charge a copy of the Indenture. Requests may be made to the Issuer at the following address:

Sotera Health Holdings, LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147

Email: SLeffler@soterahealth.com

Attention: Scott Leffler

With a copy to:

Sterigenics International LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147

Email: MKlaben@soterahealth.com

Attention: Matthew Klaben

 

A-9


ASSIGNMENT FORM

To assign this Note, fill in the form below:

 

(I) or (we) assign and transfer this Note to:     
   (Insert assignee’s legal name)

 

 
(Insert assignee’s soc. sec. or tax I.D. no.)
 
 
 
 
(Print or type assignee’s name, address and zip code)

 

and irrevocably appoint     

to transfer this Note on the books of the Issuer. The agent may substitute another to act for him.

Date: _____________________

 

Your Signature:    
  (Sign exactly as your name appears on the face of this Note)

Signature Guarantee:* __________________________________

 

*

Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature guarantor acceptable to the Trustee).

 

A-10


OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE

If you want to elect to have this Note purchased by the Issuer pursuant to Section 3.09 of the Indenture, check the box below:

[    ] Section 3.09

If you want to elect to have only part of this Note purchased by the Issuer pursuant to Section 3.09 of the Indenture, state the amount you elect to have purchased:

$_______________

Date: _____________________

 

Your Signature:    
  (Sign exactly as your name appears on the face of this Note)
Tax Identification No.:    

Signature Guarantee:* __________________________________

 

*

Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature guarantor acceptable to the Trustee).

 

A-11


SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OF INTERESTS IN THE GLOBAL NOTE*

The initial outstanding principal amount of this Global Note is $__________. The following exchanges of a part of this Global Note for an interest in another Global Note or for a Definitive Note, or exchanges of a part of another Global or Definitive Note for an interest in this Global Note, have been made:

 

Date of
Exchange

  

Amount of
decrease

in Principal
Amount

  

Amount of increase

in Principal

Amount of this

Global Note

  

Principal Amount
of

this Global Note

following such

decrease or
increase

  

Signature of

authorized officer

of Trustee or

Note Custodian

 

*

This schedule should be included only if the Note is issued in global form.

 

A-12

EX-4.4

Exhibit 4.4

INDENTURE

Dated as of July 31, 2020

among

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

THE INTERMEDIATE PARENTS AND SUBSIDIARY NOTE PARTIES PARTY HERETO

and

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, Calculation Agent and Trustee

SENIOR SECURED FIRST LIEN FLOATING RATE NOTES DUE 2026

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

     1  

Section 1.01

  Definitions      1  

Section 1.02

  Other Definitions      53  

Section 1.03

  Incorporation by Reference of Certain Provisions of the Trust Indenture Act      54  

Section 1.04

  Rules of Construction      54  

Section 1.05

  Acts of Holders      56  

Section 1.06

  Limited Condition Transactions      58  

ARTICLE 2 THE NOTES

     58  

Section 2.01

  Form and Dating; Terms      58  

Section 2.02

  Execution and Authentication      60  

Section 2.03

  Registrar and Paying Agent      60  

Section 2.04

  Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust      60  

Section 2.05

  Holder Lists      61  

Section 2.06

  Transfer and Exchange      61  

Section 2.07

  Replacement Notes      72  

Section 2.08

  Outstanding Notes      73  

Section 2.09

  Treasury Notes      73  

Section 2.10

  Temporary Notes      73  

Section 2.11

  Cancellation      73  

Section 2.12

  Defaulted Interest      74  

Section 2.13

  CUSIP and ISIN Numbers      74  

ARTICLE 3 REDEMPTION

     74  

Section 3.01

  Notices to Trustee      74  

Section 3.02

  Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed or Purchased      75  

Section 3.03

  Notice of Redemption      75  

Section 3.04

  Effect of Notice of Redemption      76  

Section 3.05

  Deposit of Redemption or Purchase Price      76  

Section 3.06

  Notes Redeemed or Purchased in Part      77  

Section 3.07

  Optional Redemption      77  

Section 3.08

  Mandatory Redemption      78  

Section 3.09

  Offer Events      78  

ARTICLE 4 AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

     81  

Section 4.01

  Financial Statements and Other Information      81  

Section 4.02

  [Reserved]      83  

Section 4.03

  Payment of Notes      83  

Section 4.04

  Maintenance of Office or Agency      83  

Section 4.05

  Information Regarding Collateral      84  

Section 4.06

  Existence; Conduct of Business      84  

Section 4.07

  Payment of Taxes, etc.      84  


     Page  

Section 4.08

  Maintenance of Properties      85  

Section 4.09

  Insurance      85  

Section 4.10

  Books and Records      85  

Section 4.11

  Compliance with Laws      86  

Section 4.12

  Use of Proceeds.      86  

Section 4.13

  Additional Subsidiaries      86  

Section 4.14

  Further Assurances      87  

Section 4.15

  Designation of Subsidiaries      88  

Section 4.16

  Lines of Business      89  

Section 4.17

  Compliance Certificate      89  

Section 4.18

  Stay, Extension and Usury Laws      89  

ARTICLE 5 NEGATIVE COVENANTS

     89  

Section 5.01

  Indebtedness; Certain Equity Securities      89  

Section 5.02

  Liens      97  

Section 5.03

  Fundamental Changes; Holdings Covenant      100  

Section 5.04

  Investments, Loans, Advances, Guarantees and Acquisitions      102  

Section 5.05

  Asset Sales      105  

Section 5.06

  [Reserved]      107  

Section 5.07

  Restricted Payments; Certain Payments of Indebtedness      107  

Section 5.08

  Transactions with Affiliates      111  

Section 5.09

  Restrictive Agreements      112  

Section 5.10

  Amendment of Junior Financing      114  

Section 5.11

  Changes in Fiscal Periods      114  

Section 5.12

  Restriction on Affiliated Lenders      114  

ARTICLE 6 DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

     114  

Section 6.01

  Events of Default      114  

Section 6.02

  Acceleration      117  

Section 6.03

  Other Remedies      117  

Section 6.04

  Waiver of Past Defaults      118  

Section 6.05

  Control by Majority      118  

Section 6.06

  Limitation on Suits      118  

Section 6.07

  Rights of Holders of Notes to Receive Payment      118  

Section 6.08

  Collection Suit by Trustee      119  

Section 6.09

  Restoration of Rights and Remedies      119  

Section 6.10

  Rights and Remedies Cumulative      119  

Section 6.11

  Delay or Omission Not Waiver      119  

Section 6.12

  Trustee May File Proofs of Claim      119  

Section 6.13

  Priorities      120  

Section 6.14

  Undertaking for Costs      120  

ARTICLE 7 TRUSTEE AND FIRST LIEN NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT

     121  

Section 7.01

  Duties of Trustee      121  

Section 7.02

  Rights of Trustee      122  

Section 7.03

  Individual Rights of Trustee      123  

 

-ii-


     Page  

Section 7.04

  Trustee’s Disclaimer      124  

Section 7.05

  Notice of Defaults      124  

Section 7.06

  [Reserved]      124  

Section 7.07

  Compensation and Indemnity      124  

Section 7.08

  Replacement of Trustee      125  

Section 7.09

  Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.      126  

Section 7.10

  Eligibility; Disqualification      126  

Section 7.11

  Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer      126  

Section 7.12

  Security Documents; Intercreditor Agreements.      126  

Section 7.13

  Replacement of First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.      126  

ARTICLE 8 LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

     127  

Section 8.01

  Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance      127  

Section 8.02

  Legal Defeasance and Discharge      128  

Section 8.03

  Covenant Defeasance      128  

Section 8.04

  Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance      129  

Section 8.05

  Deposited Money and Government Securities to Be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions      130  

Section 8.06

  Repayment to Issuer      130  

Section 8.07

  Reinstatement      130  

ARTICLE 9 AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER

     131  

Section 9.01

  Without Consent of Holders of Notes      131  

Section 9.02

  With Consent of Holders of Notes      132  

Section 9.03

  Note Purchase Agreement.      134  

Section 9.04

  Revocation and Effect of Consents      134  

Section 9.05

  Notation on or Exchange of Notes      134  

Section 9.06

  Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to Sign Amendments, Etc.      135  

ARTICLE 10 NOTES GUARANTEES

     135  

Section 10.01

  Guarantee      135  

Section 10.02

  Limitation on Notes Guarantor’s Liability      137  

Section 10.03

  Execution and Delivery      138  

Section 10.04

  Subrogation      138  

Section 10.05

  Benefits Acknowledged      138  

Section 10.06

  Release of Guarantees      138  

ARTICLE 11 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

     139  

Section 11.01

  Satisfaction and Discharge      139  

Section 11.02

  Application of Trust Money      140  

ARTICLE 12 COLLATERAL

     140  

Section 12.01

  Security Documents      140  

Section 12.02

  First Lien Notes Collateral Agent      141  

 

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     Page  

Section 12.03

  Release of Collateral      142  

Section 12.04

  Suits to Protect the Collateral      144  

Section 12.05

  Authorization of Actions to be Taken      144  

Section 12.06

  Purchaser Protected      145  

Section 12.07

  Powers Exercisable by Receiver or Trustee      145  

Section 12.08

  Release Upon Termination of the Issuer’s Obligations      145  

Section 12.09

  No Impairment of the Security Interests      146  

ARTICLE 13 MISCELLANEOUS

     146  

Section 13.01

  Notices      146  

Section 13.02

  Communication by Holders of Notes with Other Holders of Notes      148  

Section 13.03

  Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent      148  

Section 13.04

  Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion      148  

Section 13.05

  Rules by Trustee and Agents      149  

Section 13.06

  No Personal Liability of Directors, Responsible Officers, Employees and Stockholders      149  

Section 13.07

  Governing Law      149  

Section 13.08

  Waiver of Jury Trial      149  

Section 13.09

  Submission to Jurisdiction      149  

Section 13.10

  Force Majeure      150  

Section 13.11

  No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements      150  

Section 13.12

  Successors      150  

Section 13.13

  Severability      150  

Section 13.14

  Counterpart Originals      150  

Section 13.15

  Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.      150  

Section 13.16

  U.S.A. PATRIOT Act      151  

Section 13.17

  Calculation Agent      151  

 

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SCHEDULES

 

Schedule 1.01    Excluded Subsidiaries
Schedule 4.14    Certain Post-Closing Obligations
Schedule 5.01    Existing Indebtedness
Schedule 5.02    Existing Liens
Schedule 5.04    Existing Investments
Schedule 5.08    Existing Affiliate Transactions
Schedule 5.09    Existing Restrictions

EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit A

   Form of Global Note

Exhibit B

   Form of Certificate of Transfer

Exhibit C

   Form of Certificate of Exchange

Exhibit D

   Form of Certificate from Acquiring Institutional Accredited Investor

Exhibit E

   Form of Supplemental Indenture to be Delivered by Additional Guarantors

Exhibit F

   Form of Perfection Certificate

Exhibit G

   Form of First Lien Collateral Agreement (including Forms of Intellectual Property Security Agreements)

Exhibit H-1

   Form of First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement

Exhibit H-2

   Form of First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement

Exhibit H-3

   Form of ABL Intercreditor Agreement

 

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INDENTURE, dated as of July 31, 2020 among Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”), Sotera Health Topco, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Initial Holdings”), each Intermediate Parent (as defined herein) and Subsidiary Note Party (as defined herein) party hereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, a national banking association, as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, Calculation Agent and Trustee.

W I T N E S S E T H

WHEREAS, the Issuer has duly authorized the creation of an issue of $100,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its Senior Secured Floating Rate Notes due 2026; and

WHEREAS, the Issuer and each of the Notes Guarantors have duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture.

NOW, THEREFORE, the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent agree as follows for the benefit of each other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes.

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Section 1.01 Definitions.

As used in this Indenture, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

144A Global Note” means a Global Note substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Note Legend and the Private Placement Legend and deposited with or on behalf of, and registered in the name of, the Depositary or its nominee that will be issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes sold or to be sold in reliance on Rule 144A.

ABL Credit Agreement” shall mean the credit agreement in respect of any ABL Facility pursuant to which the ABL Obligations are incurred by the Issuer or one or more of its Subsidiaries as borrower(s), as amended, modified, supplemented, substituted, replaced, restated or refinanced, in whole or in part, from time to time.

ABL Facility” shall mean an asset-based loan facility of the Issuer provided pursuant to the applicable ABL Loan Documents; provided that (i) no Liens shall be granted to secure the ABL Obligations other than (A) a first-priority security interest in the ABL Priority Collateral, subject to (x) a perfected second-priority security interest in such ABL Priority Collateral in favor of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties and (y) a perfected third-priority security interest in such ABL Priority Collateral in favor of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties (as defined in the Second Lien Indenture) to secure the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations and (B) at the option of the Issuer, a third-priority security interest in any other Collateral (other than ABL Priority Collateral) in which the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties have a perfected first-priority security interest and in which the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties (as defined in the Second Lien Indenture) has a perfected second-priority security interest for the benefit of the Secured Parties, (ii) such facility shall not (x) be guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party or (y) govern or otherwise contemplate any “restricted subsidiaries” that are not Restricted Subsidiaries, and (iii) upon the establishment of an ABL Facility, (A) the Issuer shall deliver an Officer’s

 

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Certificate to the Trustee and the Controlling Party on or prior to the date of incurrence of such ABL Facility designating such Indebtedness as an ABL Facility, (B) if the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is not then in effect, the Trustee and the Controlling Party shall have received a copy of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement duly executed by the ABL Representative with respect to such ABL Facility, the Issuer and each Notes Guarantor, (C) if the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is then in effect, the ABL Representative with respect to such Indebtedness shall have duly executed and delivered to the Trustee and the Controlling Party a joinder agreement in the form attached as an exhibit to the ABL Intercreditor Agreement and (D) (x) all Credit Agreement Obligations owing to any Credit Agreement Secured Party under or in respect of any revolving facility shall have been paid in full in cash (other than any contingent indemnification obligations not yet accrued and payable) and (y) all of the Revolving Commitments, commitments in respect of swingline loans or other revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement shall have been terminated in full or are terminated in full substantially simultaneously with the effectiveness of the ABL Facility.

ABL Intercreditor Agreement” means the ABL Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit H-3 among the Credit Agreement Agent, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the ABL Representative and one or more Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral, with such modifications thereto as may be reasonably agreed by the Issuer and (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party, (y) from and after the Disposition Date and prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations (i) so long as the modifications would not result in the Secured Parties being treated less favorably than the Credit Agreement Secured Parties, the Authorized Representative (as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement) for the Credit Agreement Obligations and (ii) to the extent the modifications would result in the Secured Parties being treated less favorably than the Credit Agreement Secured Parties, the Required Holders and (z) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders.

ABL Loan Documents” shall mean, collectively, (i) the ABL Credit Agreement and (ii) the security documents, intercreditor agreements (including the ABL Intercreditor Agreement), guarantees, joinders and other agreements or instruments executed in connection with the ABL Credit Agreement or such other agreements, in each case, as amended, modified, supplemented, substituted, replaced, restated or refinanced, in whole or in part, from time to time.

ABL Obligations” shall mean all Indebtedness and other obligations of the Issuer and any other Note Parties outstanding under or pursuant to the ABL Loan Documents, together with guarantees thereof that are secured, or intended to be secured, under the ABL Loan Documents, including any direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, interest and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against the Issuer, any other Note Party or any guarantor of ABL Obligations of any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Laws naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such proceeding, and any obligations under a Swap Agreement and cash management obligations that are secured by the Liens securing the Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the ABL Credit Agreement pursuant to the security documents entered into in connection with the ABL Credit Agreement.

ABL Priority Collateral” means all the “ABL Priority Collateral” as defined in the ABL Intercreditor Agreement.

ABL Representative” shall mean, with respect to any series of ABL Obligations, the administrative agent or collateral agent or other representative of the holders of such series of ABL Obligations who maintains the transfer register for such series of ABL Obligations and is appointed as a representative for purposes related to the administration of the security documents pursuant to the ABL Credit Agreement or other agreement governing such series of ABL Obligations.

 

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Account” means each of Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Oak Hill Advisors, L.P., and/or Ares Capital Management LLC.

Account Parties” means, as to each Account, (a) the Initial Purchasers related thereto and (b) any Related Purchasers thereof from time to time.

Acquired EBITDA” means, with respect to any Acquired Entity or Business or any Converted Restricted Subsidiary (any of the foregoing, a “Pro Forma Entity”) for any period as the amount for such period of Consolidated EBITDA of such Pro Forma Entity (determined as if references to the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries in the definition of “Consolidated EBITDA” were references to such Pro Forma Entity and its subsidiaries that will become Restricted Subsidiaries), all as determined on a consolidated basis for such Pro Forma Entity.

Acquisition” means the acquisition pursuant to the terms of the Acquisition Agreement.

Acquisition Agreement” means that certain arrangement agreement (together with all exhibits, schedules, annexes and disclosure schedules thereto) dated as of May 24, 2020 among Undefeated Acquisition Inc., Iotron Industries Canada Inc. and 1250027 B.C. Ltd.

Additional Senior Class Debt Representative” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Pari Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement.

Affiliate” means, with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly or indirectly Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified.

Affiliated Lender” means, at any time, any Lender (as defined in the Credit Agreement) that is an Investor, a Sponsor, or an Affiliate of an Investor or a Sponsor (other than Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries) at such time, to the extent that such Investor, such Sponsor, or the Affiliates of an Investor or a Sponsor constitute an Affiliate of Holdings, the Issuer or their respective Subsidiaries.

Agents” means, collectively, the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, any Registrar, co-registrar, Paying Agent, additional paying agent and Calculation Agent.

Applicable Premium” means, with respect to any Note being redeemed on any Redemption Date, the greater of:

(1) 1.00% of the principal amount of such Note; and

(2) the excess, if any, of (a) the present value at such Redemption Date of (i) the redemption price of such Note at July 31, 2021 (such redemption price being set forth in Section 3.07(b) hereof), plus (ii) all required remaining scheduled interest payments due on such Note through July 31, 2021 (excluding accrued but unpaid interest to the Redemption Date), computed using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate as of such Redemption Date plus 50 basis points; over (b) the then outstanding principal amount of such Note.

The Issuer shall calculate or cause to be calculated the Applicable Premium and the Trustee shall have no duty to calculate or verify the Issuer’s calculation of the Applicable Premium.

 

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Applicable Procedures” means, with respect to any selection of Notes, transfer or exchange of or for beneficial interests in any Global Note, the rules and procedures of the Depositary, Euroclear and/or Clearstream that apply to such selection, transfer or exchange.

Attorney Costs” means and includes all reasonable, documented and invoiced fees, expenses and disbursements of any law firm or other external legal counsel.

Audited Financial Statements” means the audited consolidated balance sheets of the Issuer as of December 31, 2019, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity and consolidated statements of cash flow of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, including the notes thereto.

Authorized Representative” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Pari Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement.

Available Amount” means, as of any date of determination, a cumulative amount equal to (without duplication):

(a) the greater of (x) $96,000,000 and (y) 25% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such date (such amount, the “Starter Basket”), plus

(b) the sum of an amount (which amount shall not be less than zero) equal to the greater of (A) 50% of Consolidated Net Income of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries for the period (treated as one accounting period) from October 1, 2019 to the end of the most recently ended Test Period as of such date and (B) the sum of Excess Cash Flow (but not less than zero in any period) for the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2020 and Excess Cash Flow for each succeeding completed fiscal year as of such date, in each case, that would not be required to prepay Term Loans pursuant to Section 2.11(d) of the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date (regardless of whether such provision is then in effect), plus

(c) [reserved]

(d) Investments of the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in any Unrestricted Subsidiary made using the Available Amount that has been re-designated as a Restricted Subsidiary or that has been merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiary (up to the lesser of (i) the Fair Market Value determined in good faith by the Issuer of the Investments of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries in such Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time of such re-designation or merger or consolidation and (ii) the Fair Market Value determined in good faith by the Issuer of the original Investment by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries in such Unrestricted Subsidiary), plus

(e) the Net Proceeds of a sale or other Disposition of any Unrestricted Subsidiary (including the issuance of stock of an Unrestricted Subsidiary) received by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, plus

(f) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, dividends or other distributions or returns on capital received by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary from an Unrestricted Subsidiary, plus

(g) an amount equal to the aggregate amount of any Retained Declined Proceeds since the Issue Date.

 

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Available Equity Amount” means a cumulative amount equal to (without duplication):

(a) the Net Proceeds of new public or private issuances of Qualified Equity Interests (excluding Qualified Equity Interests the proceeds of which will be applied to cure any default under any “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant under the Credit Agreement) in Holdings or any parent of Holdings which are contributed to the Issuer, plus

(b) capital contributions received by the Issuer after the Issue Date in cash or Permitted Investments (other than in respect of any Disqualified Equity Interest), plus

(c) the net cash proceeds received by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary from Indebtedness and Disqualified Equity Interest issuances issued after the Issue Date and which have been exchanged or converted into Qualified Equity Interests, plus

(d) returns, profits, distributions and similar amounts received in cash or Permitted Investments by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary on Investments made using the Available Equity Amount (not to exceed the amount of such Investments).

Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

Bankruptcy Law” means the Bankruptcy Code and all other liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief laws of the United States or other applicable jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) from time to time in effect and affecting the rights of creditors generally.

Beneficial Owner” has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act. The terms “Beneficially Own,” “Beneficially Owns,” “Beneficially Owned” and “Beneficial Ownership” have corresponding meanings.

Beneficial Ownership Regulaton” means 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230.

Board of Directors” means, with respect to any Person, (a) in the case of any corporation, the board of directors of such Person or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board, (b) in the case of any limited liability company, the board of managers, board of directors, manager or managing member of such Person or the functional equivalent of the foregoing or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board, manager or managing member, (c) in the case of any partnership, the board of directors or board of managers of the general partner of such Person and (d) in any other case, the functional equivalent of the foregoing.

Board of Governors” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States of America.

Business Day” means any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York City are authorized or required by Requirements of Law to remain closed; provided that when used in connection with the determination of the Applicable Rate on the applicable Determination Date, the term Business Day shall also exclude any day on which banks are not open for dealings in Dollar deposits in the London interbank market.

Canadian Dollars” means the lawful money of Canada.

 

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Capital Lease Obligations” of any Person means the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under any lease of (or other arrangement conveying the right to use) real or personal property, or a combination thereof, which obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as capital leases on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP, and the amount of such obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof determined in accordance with GAAP; provided that all leases of such Person that are or would have been treated as operating leases for purposes of GAAP prior to the issuance on February 25, 2016 of the Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “ASU”) shall continue to be accounted for as operating leases for purposes of all financial definitions and calculations for purposes of the Notes Documents (whether or not such operating lease obligations were in effect on such date) notwithstanding the fact that such obligations are required in accordance with the ASU (on a prospective or retroactive basis or otherwise) to be treated as capitalized lease obligations in the financial statements to be delivered pursuant to the Notes Documents.

Capitalized Leases” means all leases that have been or should be, in accordance with GAAP as in effect on the Issue Date, recorded as capitalized leases; provided that for all purposes hereunder the amount of obligations under any Capitalized Lease shall be the amount thereof accounted for as a liability in accordance with GAAP.

Capitalized Software Expenditures” means, for any period, the aggregate of all expenditures (whether paid in cash or accrued as liabilities) by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period in respect of purchased software or internally developed software and software enhancements that, in conformity with GAAP, are or are required to be reflected as capitalized costs on the consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries.

Cash Management Obligations” means (a) obligations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary in respect of any overdraft and related liabilities arising from treasury, depository, cash pooling arrangements and cash management services or any automated clearing house transfers of funds and (b) other obligations in respect of netting services, employee credit or purchase card programs and similar arrangements.

Casualty Event” means any event that gives rise to the receipt by the Issuer or any Subsidiary of any insurance proceeds or condemnation awards in an amount in excess of $20,000,000 in respect of any equipment, fixed assets or real property (including any improvements thereon) to replace or repair such equipment, fixed assets or real property.

CFC” means a “controlled foreign corporation” within the meaning of Sections 956 and 957 of the Code.

Change of Control” means (a) the failure of Holdings prior to an IPO, or, after the IPO, the IPO Entity, directly or indirectly through wholly owned subsidiaries, to own all of the Equity Interests of the Issuer, (b) prior to an IPO, the failure by the Permitted Holders to own, directly or indirectly through one or more holding company parents of Holdings, beneficially and of record, Equity Interests in Holdings representing at least a majority of the aggregate ordinary voting power for the election of members of the Board of Directors of Holdings represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in Holdings, unless the Permitted Holders otherwise have the right (pursuant to contract, proxy, ownership of Equity Interests or otherwise), directly or indirectly, to designate, nominate or appoint (and do so designate, nominate or appoint) a majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings, (c) after an IPO, the acquisition of ownership, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record, by any Person or group, other than the Permitted Holders (directly or indirectly, including through one or more holding companies), of Equity Interests representing 40% or more of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in the IPO Entity and the percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power so held is

 

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greater than the percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the Equity Interests in the IPO Entity held by the Permitted Holders, unless the Permitted Holders (directly or indirectly, including through one or more holding companies) otherwise have the right (pursuant to contract, proxy or otherwise), directly or indirectly, to designate, nominate or appoint (and do so designate, nominate or appoint) a majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings or the IPO Entity (d) the occurrence of a “Change of Control” (or similar event, however denominated) as defined in the Credit Agreement or Second Lien Indenture unless such debt is repaid or commitments terminated (as applicable) substantially simultaneously with the occurrence of such “Change of Control” under such documentation in a manner not prohibited hereunder or (e) the occurrence of a “Change of Control” (or similar event, however denominated), as defined in the documentation governing any Junior Financing that is Material Indebtedness, unless such Junior Financing is repaid substantially simultaneously with the occurrence of such “Change of Control” under such documentation in a manner permitted hereunder.

For purposes of this definition, (i) “beneficial ownership” shall be as defined in Rules 13(d)-3 and 13(d)-5 under the Exchange Act, (ii) the phrase Person or “group” is within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act, but excluding any employee benefit plan of such Person or “group” and its subsidiaries and any Person acting in its capacity as trustee, agent or other fiduciary or administrator of any such plan, and (iii) if any Person or “group” includes one or more Permitted Holders, the issued and outstanding Equity Interests of Holdings, the IPO Entity or the Issuer, as applicable, directly or indirectly owned by the Permitted Holders that are part of such Person or “group” shall not be treated as being owned by such Person or “group” for purposes of determining whether clause (c) of this definition is triggered.

Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking, Société Anonyme.

Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

Collateral” means any and all assets, whether real or personal, tangible or intangible, on which Liens are purported to be granted pursuant to the Security Documents as security for the Notes Obligations.

Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” means, at any time, the requirement that:

(a) the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have received from (i) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries (other than any Excluded Subsidiary) either (x) a counterpart signature to this Indenture duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person or (y) in the case of any Person that becomes a Note Party after the Issue Date (including by ceasing to be an Excluded Subsidiary), a supplement to this Indenture, in substantially the form of Exhibit E, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person and (ii) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and each Subsidiary Note Party either (x) a counterpart of the First Lien Collateral Agreement duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person or (y) in the case of any Person that becomes a Subsidiary Note Party after the Issue Date (including by ceasing to be an Excluded Subsidiary), a supplement to the First Lien Collateral Agreement, in substantially the form specified therein, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person, in each case under this clause (a) together with, in the case of any such Notes Documents executed and delivered after the Issue Date, to the extent reasonably requested by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders), opinions and documents of the type referred to in Section 3.1 of the Note Purchase Agreement;

 

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(b) all outstanding Equity Interests of the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent and each Restricted Subsidiary (other than any Equity Interests constituting Excluded Assets) owned by or on behalf of any Note Party, shall have been pledged pursuant to the First Lien Collateral Agreement, and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (or the First Lien Collateral Agent as its bailee in accordance with the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement prior to the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations) shall have received certificates, if any, representing all such Equity Interests to the extent constituting “certificated securities”, together with undated stock powers or other instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank;

(c) if any Indebtedness for borrowed money of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary in a principal amount of $20,000,000 or more is owing by such obligor to any Note Party and such Indebtedness shall be evidenced by a promissory note, such promissory note shall be pledged pursuant to the First Lien Collateral Agreement, and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (or the First Lien Collateral Agent as its bailee in accordance with the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement) shall have received all such promissory notes, together with undated instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank; provided, however, that the foregoing delivery requirement with respect to any intercompany indebtedness may be satisfied by delivery of an omnibus or global intercompany note executed by all Note Parties as payees and all such obligors as payors;

(d) all certificates, agreements, documents and instruments, including Uniform Commercial Code financing statements and Intellectual Property Security Agreements with respect to any Trademarks, Patents and Copyrights that are registered, issued or applied-for in the United States and that constitute Collateral, for the filing with the United States Patent or Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office to the extent required by this Indenture, the Security Documents, Requirements of Law and as reasonably requested by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) to be filed, delivered, registered or recorded to create the Liens intended to be created by the Security Documents and perfect such Liens to the extent required by, and with the priority required by, this Indenture, the Security Documents and the other provisions of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” shall have been filed, registered or recorded or delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) for filing, registration or recording; and

(e) the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have received (i) counterparts of a Mortgage with respect to each Material Real Property duly executed and delivered by the record owner of such Mortgaged Property (if the Mortgaged Property is in a jurisdiction that imposes a mortgage recording or similar tax on the amount secured by such Mortgage, then the amount secured by such Mortgage shall be limited to the Fair Market Value of such Mortgaged Property, as reasonably determined by Holdings), (ii) a policy or policies of title insurance (or marked unconditional commitment to issue such policy or policies) issued by a nationally recognized title insurance company insuring the Lien of each such Mortgage as a first priority Lien on the Mortgaged Property described therein, free of any other Liens except as expressly permitted by Section 5.02, together with such customary endorsements (other than a creditor’s rights endorsement) as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien

 

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Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) may reasonably request to the extent available in the applicable jurisdiction at commercially reasonable rates (it being agreed that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) shall accept zoning reports from a nationally recognized zoning company in lieu of zoning endorsements to such title insurance policies), in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of such Mortgaged Property or as otherwise reasonably agreed by the parties; provided that in no event will the Issuer be required to obtain independent appraisals of such Mortgaged Properties, unless required by FIRREA, (iii) a completed “Life-of-Loan” Federal Emergency Management Agency standard flood hazard determination with respect to each Mortgaged Property on a “Building” as defined in 12 CFR Chapter III, Section 339.2) is located, and if any Mortgaged Property on which a “Building” (as defined in 12 CFR Chapter III, Section 339.2) is located in an area determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (or any successor agency) to be located in a special flood hazard area, a duly executed notice about special flood hazard area status and flood disaster assistance and evidence of such flood insurance as provided in Section 4.09(b), (iv) in each case if reasonably requested by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders), a customary legal opinion with respect to each such Mortgage, from counsel qualified to opine in each jurisdiction (i) where a Mortgaged Property is located regarding the enforceability of the Mortgage and (ii) where the applicable Note Party granting the Mortgage on said Mortgaged Property is organized, regarding the due authorization, execution and delivery of such Mortgage, and in each case, such other customary matters as may be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders), (v) a survey or existing survey together with a no change affidavit of such Mortgaged Property, in compliance with the 2011 Minimum Standard Detail Requirements for ALTA/ACSM Land Title Surveys and otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders), and (vi) evidence of payment of title insurance premiums and expenses and all recording, mortgage, transfer and stamp taxes and fees payable in connection with recording the Mortgage, any amendments thereto and any fixture filings in appropriate county land office(s).

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this definition or anything in this Indenture or any other Notes Document to the contrary, (a) the foregoing provisions of this definition shall not require the creation or perfection of pledges of or security interests in, or the obtaining of title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables with respect to, particular assets of the Note Parties, or the provision of Guarantees by any Subsidiary, if, and for so long as, pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Credit Agreement Agent has reasonably agreed in writing that the cost, burden, difficulty or consequence of creating or perfecting such pledges or security interests in such assets, or obtaining such title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables in respect of such assets, or providing such Guarantees (taking into account any adverse tax consequences to Holdings and its Affiliates (including the imposition of withholding or other material taxes)), is excessive in relation to the benefits to be obtained by the Lenders (as defined in the Credit

 

9


Agreement) under the Credit Agreement; (b) Liens required to be granted from time to time pursuant to the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” shall be subject to exceptions and limitations set forth in this Indenture and the Security Documents; (c) in no event shall control agreements or other control or similar arrangements be required with respect to cash, Permitted Investments, other deposit accounts, securities and commodities accounts (including securities entitlements and related assets), letter of credit rights or other assets requiring perfection by control (but not, for avoidance of doubt, possession); (d) in no event shall any Note Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to the perfection of security interests in any jurisdiction outside of a Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, in any jurisdiction outside the United States), and no actions in any non-Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, in any jurisdiction outside the United States) or required by the laws of any non-Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, by the laws of any jurisdiction outside the United States) shall be required to be taken to create any security interests in assets located or titled outside of any Covered Jurisdiction (including in any Equity Interests of Subsidiaries organized outside of a Covered Jurisdiction), or in any Intellectual Property governed by, arising, existing, registered or applied for under the laws of any jurisdiction other than the United States of America, any State or to perfect or make enforceable any security interests in any such assets (it being understood that there shall be no security agreements or pledge agreements governed under the laws of any non-U.S. jurisdiction); (e) in no event shall any Note Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to perfection of security interests in assets subject to certificates of title beyond the filing of UCC financing statements; (f) other than the filing of UCC financing statements, no perfection shall be required with respect to promissory notes evidencing debt for borrowed money in a principal amount of less than $20,000,000; (g) in no event shall any Note Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to security interests in Intellectual Property beyond the filing of Intellectual Property Security Agreements with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office; (h) no actions shall be required to perfect a security interest in letter of credit rights (other than the filing of UCC financing statements); and (i) in no event shall the Collateral include any Excluded Assets. Subject to Section 4.14, the Controlling Party may grant extensions of time for the creation and perfection of security interests in or the obtaining of title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables with respect to particular assets or the provision of any Guarantee by any Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent (including extensions beyond the Issue Date or in connection with assets acquired, or Subsidiaries formed or acquired, after the Issue Date) and any other obligations under this definition where it determines that such action cannot be accomplished without undue effort or expense by the time or times at which it would otherwise be required to be accomplished by this Indenture (including as set forth on Schedule 4.14) or the Security Documents.

Consolidated EBITDA” means, for any period, Consolidated Net Income for such period, plus:

(a) without duplication and to the extent already deducted (and not added back) in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of the following amounts for such period:

(i) total interest expense and, to the extent not reflected in such total interest expense, the sum of (A) premium payments, debt discount, fees, charges and related expenses incurred in connection with borrowed money (including capitalized interest) or in connection with the deferred purchase price of assets plus (B) the portion of rent expense with respect to such period under Capitalized Leases that is treated as interest expense in accordance with GAAP plus (C) the implied interest component of synthetic leases with respect to such period plus (D) any losses on hedging obligations or other derivative instruments entered into for the purpose of hedging interest rate risk, net of interest income and gains on such hedging obligations or such derivative instruments plus (E) bank and letter of credit fees and costs of surety bonds in connection with financing activities, plus (F) any commissions, discounts, yield and other fees and charges (including any interest expense) related to any Qualified Securitization Facility;

 

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(ii) provision for taxes based on income, profits or capital and sales taxes, including federal, provincial, territorial, foreign, state, local, franchise, excise, and similar taxes and foreign withholding taxes paid or accrued during such period (including in respect of repatriated funds) including penalties and interest related to such taxes or arising from any tax examinations (including, without limitation, any additions to such taxes, and any penalties and interest with respect thereto);

(iii) Non-Cash Charges;

(iv) operating expenses incurred on or prior to the Issue Date attributable to (A) salary obligations paid to employees terminated prior to the Issue Date and (B) wages paid to executives in excess of the amounts the Issuer and its Subsidiaries are required to pay pursuant to any employment agreements;

(v) extraordinary losses or charges;

(vi) unusual, non-recurring or exceptional expenses, losses or charges (including any unusual, non-recurring or exceptional operating expenses, losses or charges directly attributable to the implementation of cost savings initiatives), severance, relocation costs, integration and facilities’ opening costs and other business optimization expenses and operating improvements (including related to new product introductions), recruiting fees, signing costs, retention or completion bonuses, transition costs, costs related to closure/consolidation of facilities, internal costs in respect of strategic initiatives and curtailments or modifications to pension and post-retirement employee benefit plans (including any settlement of pension liabilities), contract terminations and professional and consulting fees incurred in connection with any of the foregoing;

(vii) restructuring charges, accruals or reserves (including restructuring and integration costs related to acquisitions and adjustments to existing reserves), whether or not classified as restructuring expense on the consolidated financial statements;

(viii) the amount of any non-controlling interest consisting of income attributable to non-controlling interests of third parties in any Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary deducted (and not added back in such period) in calculating Consolidated Net Income;

(ix) (A) the amount of board of directors, management, monitoring, consulting and advisory fees, indemnities and related expenses paid or accrued in such period (including any termination fees payable in connection with the early termination of management and monitoring agreements) and (B) the amount of expenses relating to payments made to option holders of Holdings or any of its direct or indirect parent companies in connection with, or as a result of, any distribution being made to shareholders of such Person or its direct or indirect parent companies, which payments are being made to compensate such option holders as though they were shareholders at the time of, and entitled to share in, such distribution, in each case to the extent permitted by the Notes Documents;

 

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(x) losses on asset sales, disposals or abandonments (other than asset sales, disposals or abandonments in the ordinary course of business);

(xi) losses, expenses or charges (including all fees and expenses or charges relating thereto) (A) from abandoned, closed, disposed or discontinued operations and any losses on disposal of abandoned, closed or discontinued operations and (B) attributable to business dispositions or asset dispositions (other than in the ordinary course of business) as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer;

(xii) any non-cash loss attributable to the mark to market movement in the valuation of any Equity Interests, and hedging obligations or other derivative instruments (in each case, including pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging but only to the extent the cash impact resulting from such loss has not been realized);

(xiii) any loss relating to amounts paid in cash prior to the stated settlement date of any hedging obligation that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income for such period;

(xiv) any gain relating to hedging obligations associated with transactions realized in the current period that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in prior periods and excluded from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (c)(iv) and (c)(v) below;

(xv) any costs or expenses incurred by Holdings, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to any management equity plan or stock option plan or any other management or employee benefit plan or agreement, any severance agreement or any stock subscription or shareholder agreement, to the extent that such costs or expenses are non-cash or otherwise funded with cash proceeds contributed to the capital of Holdings or Net Proceeds of an issuance of Equity Interests of Holdings (other than Disqualified Equity Interests);

(xvi) any net pension or other post-employment benefit costs representing amortization of unrecognized prior service costs, actuarial losses, including amortization of such amounts arising in prior periods, amortization of the unrecognized net obligation (and loss or cost) existing at the date of initial application of FASB Accounting Standards Codification 715, and any other items of a similar nature;

(xvii) any other add-backs and adjustments specified in the Model;

(xviii) adjustments, exclusions and add-backs consistent with Regulation S-X or contained in a quality of earnings report in connection with a Permitted Acquisition or Investment made available to each Account conducted by financial advisors (which are either nationally recognized or reasonably acceptable to the Credit Agreement Agent (it being understood and agreed that any of the “Big Four” accounting firms are acceptable));

(xix) the amount of losses on Dispositions of accounts receivable, Securitization Assets and related assets incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility;

 

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(xx) charges, losses, lost profits, expenses (including litigation expenses, fees and charges) or write-offs to the extent indemnified or insured by a third party, including expenses or losses covered by indemnification provisions or by any insurance provider in connection with the Transactions, a Permitted Acquisition or any other acquisition or Investment, disposition or any Casualty Event, in each case, to the extent that coverage has not been denied and so long as such amounts are actually reimbursed in cash within one year after the related amount is first added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xix) (and if not so reimbursed within one year, such amount shall be deducted from Consolidated EBITDA for the first fiscal quarter ending after the end of such year); and

(xxi) Public Company Costs;

plus

(b) without duplication, (i) the amount of “run rate” cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies related to any Specified Transaction, the Transactions, any restructuring, cost saving initiative or other initiative projected by the Issuer in good faith to be realized as a result of actions taken, committed to be taken or planned to be taken, in each case on or prior to the date that is 24 months after the end of the relevant Test Period (including actions initiated prior to the Issue Date) (which cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies shall be added to Consolidated EBITDA until fully realized and calculated on a pro forma basis as though such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies had been realized on the first day of the relevant period), net of the amount of actual benefits realized from such actions; provided that (A) such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies are reasonably identifiable and quantifiable and (B) no cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements or synergies shall be added pursuant to this clause (b) to the extent duplicative of any expenses or charges relating to such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements or synergies that are included in clauses (a)(vi) and (a)(vii) above or in the definition of “Pro Forma Adjustment” (it being understood and agreed that “run rate” shall mean the full recurring benefit that is associated with any action taken);

less

(c) without duplication and to the extent included in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of the following amounts for such period:

(i) extraordinary gains and unusual or non-recurring gains (other than gains arising from the receipt of business interruption insurance proceeds);

(ii) non-cash gains (excluding any non-cash gain to the extent it represents the reversal of an accrual or reserve for a potential cash item that reduced Consolidated Net Income or Consolidated EBITDA in any prior period);

(iii) gains on asset sales, disposals or abandonments (other than asset sales, disposals or abandonments in the ordinary course of business);

(iv) any non-cash gain attributable to the mark to market movement in the valuation of any Equity Interests, and hedging obligations or other derivative instruments (in each case, including pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging but only to the extent the cash impact resulting from such gain has not been realized);

 

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(v) any gain relating to amounts received in cash prior to the stated settlement date of any hedging obligation that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in such period;

(vi) any loss relating to hedging obligations associated with transactions realized in the current period that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in prior periods and excluded from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (a)(xii) and (a)(xiii) above; and

(vii) the amount of any non-controlling interest consisting of loss attributable to non-controlling interests of third parties in any Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary added (and not deducted in such period) to Consolidated Net Income; plus

(d) any income from investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting, without duplication and to the extent not included in arriving at Consolidated Net Income, except to the extent such income was attributable to income that would be deducted pursuant to clause (c) if it were income of the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; minus

(e) any losses from investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting, without duplication and to the extent not deducted in arriving at Consolidated Net Income, except to the extent such loss was attributable to losses that would be added back pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above if it were a loss of the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; plus

(f) an amount, with respect to investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting and without duplication of any amounts added pursuant to clause (d) above, equal to the amount attributable to each such investment that would be added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above if instead attributable to the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary, pro-rated according to the Issuer’s or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary’s percentage ownership in such investment; minus

(g) an amount, with respect to investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting and without duplication of any amounts deducted pursuant to clause (e) above, equal to the amount attributable to each such investment that would be deducted from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clause (c) above if instead attributable to the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary, pro-rated according to the Issuer’s or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary’s percentage ownership in such investment;

in each case, as determined on a consolidated basis for the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP; provided that:

(I) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA currency translation gains and losses related to currency remeasurements of assets or liabilities (including the net loss or gain resulting from hedging agreements for currency exchange risk and revaluations of intercompany balances),

(II) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period any adjustments resulting from the application of Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging,

 

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(III) there shall be included in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period, without duplication, (A) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, the Acquired EBITDA of any Person, property, business or asset or attributable to any Person, property, business or asset acquired by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary during such period (other than any Unrestricted Subsidiary) to the extent not subsequently sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of (but not including the Acquired EBITDA of any related Person, property, business or assets to the extent not so acquired) (each such Person, property, business or asset acquired, including pursuant to the Transactions or pursuant to a transaction consummated prior to the Issue Date, and not subsequently so disposed of, an “Acquired Entity or Business”), and the Acquired EBITDA of any Unrestricted Subsidiary that is converted into a Restricted Subsidiary during such period (each, a “Converted Restricted Subsidiary”), in each case based on the Acquired EBITDA of such Pro Forma Entity for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such acquisition or conversion) determined on a historical Pro Forma Basis and (B) an adjustment in respect of each Pro Forma Entity equal to the amount of the Pro Forma Adjustment with respect to such Pro Forma Entity for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such acquisition or conversion) as specified in the Pro Forma Adjustment certificate delivered to the Trustee and the Holders;

(IV) there shall be (A) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period the Disposed EBITDA of any Person, property, business or asset (other than any Unrestricted Subsidiary) sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, closed or classified as discontinued operations in accordance with GAAP (other than (x) if so classified on the basis that it is being held for sale unless such sale has actually occurred during such period and (y) for periods prior to the applicable sale, transfer or other disposition, if the Disposed EBITDA of such Person, property, business or asset is positive (i.e., if such Disposed EBITDA is negative, it shall be added back in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period)) by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary during such period (each such Person, property, business or asset so sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, closed or classified, a “Sold Entity or Business”), and the Disposed EBITDA of any Restricted Subsidiary that is converted into an Unrestricted Subsidiary during such period (each, a “Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary”), in each case based on the Disposed EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such sale, transfer, disposition, closure, classification or conversion) determined on a historical Pro Forma Basis and (B) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, included in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period in which a Sold Entity or Business is disposed, an adjustment equal to the Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment with respect to such Sold Entity or Business (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such disposal) as specified in the Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment certificate delivered to the Trustee and the Holders; and

(V) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA any expense (or income) as a result of adjustments recorded to contingent consideration liabilities relating to the Transaction or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited under this Indenture).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Consolidated EBITDA shall be deemed to equal (a) $94,434,000 for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019, (b) $89,137,000 for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2019, (c) $103,037,000 for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2019 and (d) $97,661,000 for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2018 (it being understood that such amounts are subject to adjustments, as and to the extent otherwise contemplated in this Indenture, in connection with any Pro Forma Adjustment or any calculation on a Pro Forma Basis); provided that such amounts of Consolidated EBITDA for any such fiscal quarter may be further increased to include, without duplication, any adjustments that would otherwise be included pursuant to clause (b) of this definition.

 

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Consolidated Net Income” means, for any period, the net income (loss) of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, excluding, without duplication,

(a) extraordinary items for such period,

(b) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles during such period,

(c) any Transaction Costs incurred during such period,

(d) any fees and expenses (including any transaction or retention bonus or similar payment) incurred during such period, or any amortization thereof for such period, in connection with any acquisition, non-recurring costs to acquire equipment to the extent not capitalized in accordance with GAAP, Investment, recapitalization, asset disposition, non-competition agreement, issuance or repayment of debt, issuance of equity securities, refinancing transaction or amendment or other modification of or waiver or consent relating to any debt instrument (in each case, including the Transaction Costs and any such transaction consummated prior to the Issue Date and any such transaction undertaken but not completed) and any charges or non-recurring merger or amalgamation costs incurred during such period as a result of any such transaction, in each case whether or not successful (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the effects of expensing all transaction-related expenses in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification 805 and gains or losses associated with FASB Accounting Standards Codification 460),

(e) any income (loss) for such period attributable to the early extinguishment of Indebtedness, hedging agreements or other derivative instruments,

(f) accruals and reserves that are established or adjusted as a result of the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited under this Indenture in accordance with GAAP (including any adjustment of estimated payouts on earn-outs) or changes as a result of the adoption or modification of accounting policies during such period,

(g) stock-based award compensation expenses,

(h) any income (loss) attributable to deferred compensation plans or trusts,

(i) any income (loss) from Investments recorded using the equity method, and

(j) the amount of any expense required to be recorded as compensation expense related to contingent transaction consideration.

There shall be included in Consolidated Net Income, without duplication, the amount of any cash tax benefits related to the tax amortization of intangible assets in such period. There shall be excluded from Consolidated Net Income for any period the effects from applying acquisition method accounting, including applying acquisition method accounting to inventory, property and equipment, loans and leases, software and other intangible assets and deferred revenue (including deferred costs related thereto) required or permitted by GAAP and related authoritative pronouncements (including the effects of such adjustments pushed down to the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries), as a result of the Transactions, any acquisition or Investment consummated prior to the Issue Date and any Permitted Acquisitions (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder) or the amortization or write-off of any amounts thereof.

 

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In addition, to the extent not already included in Consolidated Net Income, Consolidated Net Income shall include the amount of proceeds received or due from business interruption insurance or reimbursement of expenses and charges pursuant to indemnification and other reimbursement provisions in connection with any acquisition or other Investment or any disposition of any asset permitted hereunder.

Consolidated Senior Secured First Lien Net Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date that is not subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations and is secured by a Lien on any asset of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries that is not expressly subordinated to Liens on any asset of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries securing the Credit Agreement Obligations and the Notes Obligations (including, for avoidance of doubt, the Credit Agreement Obligations and the Notes Obligations), determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the acquisition method accounting in connection with the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder) consisting only of Senior Secured First Lien Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including cash and Permitted Investments restricted in favor of the Notes Obligations (which may also secure other Indebtedness secured by a pari passu or junior lien on the Collateral along with the Notes Obligations).

Consolidated Senior Secured Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date that is not subordinated in right of payment to the Credit Agreement Obligations and the Notes Obligations and that is not subordinated in right of payment to the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations and that is secured by a Lien on any asset of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Credit Agreement Obligations, the Notes Obligations and the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations), determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the acquisition method accounting in connection with the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder)) and consisting only of such Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including, notwithstanding the foregoing, cash and Permitted Investments so restricted by virtue of being subject to any Permitted Lien or to any Lien permitted under Section 6.02 that secures the Notes Obligations (which Lien may also secure other Indebtedness secured on a pari passu basis with, or a junior lien basis to, the Notes Obligations).

Consolidated Total Net Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the acquisition method accounting in connection with the

 

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Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder)) consisting only of Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including cash and Permitted Investments restricted in favor of the Notes Obligations (which may also secure other Indebtedness secured by a pari passu or junior lien on the Collateral along with the Notes Obligations).

Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies, or the dismissal or appointment of the management, of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.

Controlling Party” means (a) prior to the Disposition Date, the Account or Accounts who together with their Account Parties hold (in the aggregate) at least the Required Amount; provided, that, in the event any one Account together with its Account Parties holds more than the Required Amount, “Controlling Party” shall include at least two (2) Accounts (to the extent Account Parties affiliated with more than one Account are Beneficial Owners of the Notes at such time) and (b) from and after the Disposition Date, the Required Holders.

Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” shall be at the address of the Trustee specified in Section 13.01 hereof or such other address as to which the Trustee may give notice to the Holders and the Issuer.

Copyright” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

Covered Jurisdiction” means each of (a) the United States (or any state, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia) and (b) any other jurisdiction as agreed in writing by the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) and the Issuer.

Credit Agreement” means the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 among Sotera Health Topco, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the lenders and issuing banks party thereto and Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent (the “Initial Credit Agreement Agent”) as the same may be amended, supplemented, extended, renewed, restated, refunded, restructured, replaced, refinanced, substituted or otherwise modified from time to time, including any agreement or instrument that replaces, refunds, refinances or substitutes any of the foregoing (but excluding the ABL Credit Agreement, if any).

Credit Agreement Agent” means the Initial Credit Agreement Agent and/or any Person that acts as the trustee, administrative agent, collateral agent, security agent or similar agent in respect of the Credit Agreement.

 

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Credit Agreement Declined Proceeds” means the proceeds tendered for prepayment but declined by the applicable Term Lender (as defined in the Credit Agreement) pursuant to Section 2.11(e) of the Credit Agreement.

Credit Agreement Obligations” means the “Secured Obligations” as defined in the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement.

Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness” means Indebtedness issued, incurred or otherwise obtained by the Issuer (including by means of the extension or renewal of existing Indebtedness) in exchange for, or to extend, renew, replace or refinance, in whole or part, existing Term Loans, or Revolving Loans (or unused Revolving Commitments) or First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt (“Refinanced Debt”); provided that such exchanging, extending, renewing, replacing or refinancing Indebtedness (a) is in an original aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate principal amount of the Refinanced Debt (plus any premium, accrued interest and fees and expenses incurred in connection with such exchange, extension, renewal, replacement or refinancing), (b)(i) does not mature earlier than or, except in the case of Revolving Commitments, have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity shorter than the remaining term of the Refinanced Debt and (ii) if such Indebtedness is unsecured or secured by the Collateral on a junior lien basis to the Notes Obligations, does not mature or have scheduled amortization or payments of principal prior to the maturity date of the Refinanced Debt (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Refinanced Debt), (c) shall not be guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party, (d) in the case of any secured Indebtedness, such Indebtedness (i) is not secured by any assets not securing the Notes Obligations and (ii) if not comprising Other First Lien Term Loans or Other Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement that are secured on a pari passu basis to the Notes Obligations, subject to the relevant Intercreditor Agreement(s) and (e) has covenants and events of default (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) that are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the covenants and events of default of this Indenture (when taken as a whole) are to the Holders (unless (x) such covenants or other provisions are applicable only to periods after the maturity date of the Refinanced Debt at the time of such refinancing or (y) the Holders under the Initial Notes also receive the benefit of such more favorable covenants and events of default (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required by the Controlling Party if such covenant, event of default or guarantee is (i) also added or modified for the benefit of any Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of such Indebtedness, (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility under the Credit Agreement) and/or (iii) only applicable after the Final Maturity Date at the time of such refinancing); provided, however, that the conditions in clauses (b) and (e) above shall not apply to any ABL Facility. For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, in the case of any Indebtedness incurred to modify, refinance, refunding, extend, renew or replace Indebtedness initially incurred in reliance on and measured by reference to a percentage of Consolidated EBITDA at the time of incurrence, and such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement would cause the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA to be exceeded if calculated based on the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA on the date of such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement, such percentage of Consolidated EBITDA restriction shall not be deemed to be exceeded so long as such incurrence otherwise constitutes “Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness”.

 

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Credit Agreement Secured Parties” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

Custodian” means the Trustee, as custodian for the Depositary with respect to the Notes in global form, or any successor entity thereto.

Customary Intercreditor Agreement” means (a) to the extent executed in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness secured by Liens on the Collateral which are intended to rank equal in priority to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations, at the option of the Issuer, either (i) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement (with such modifications as may be necessary or appropriate in light of prevailing market conditions) or (ii) a customary intercreditor agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (acting at the direction of Controlling Party), which agreement shall provide that the Liens on the Collateral securing such Indebtedness shall rank equal in priority to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations and (b) to the extent executed in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness secured by Liens on the Collateral which are intended to rank junior to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations, at the option of the Issuer, either (i) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement (with such modifications as may be necessary or appropriate in light of prevailing market conditions) or (ii) a customary intercreditor agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (acting at the direction of Controlling Party) and the Issuer, which agreement shall provide that the Liens on the Collateral securing such Indebtedness shall rank junior to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations. With regard to any changes in light of prevailing market conditions as set forth above in clauses (a)(i) or (b)(i) or with regard to clauses (a)(ii) or (b)(ii), such changes or agreement, as applicable, shall be posted to the Holders not less than five (5) Business Days before execution thereof and, if the Controlling Party shall not have objected to such changes within three (3) Business Days after posting, then the Controlling Party shall be deemed to have agreed that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s entry into such intercreditor agreement (including with such changes) is reasonable and to have consented to such intercreditor agreement (including with such changes) and to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s execution thereof. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have no liability to any Note Party, any Holder or any other Person for entry into any Intercreditor Agreement in reliance on an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer.

Default” means any event or condition that constitutes an Event of Default or that upon notice, lapse of time or both would, unless cured or waived, become an Event of Default.

Definitive Note” means a certificated Note registered in the name of the Holder thereof and issued in accordance with Section 2.06(c) hereof, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto except that such Note shall not bear the Global Note Legend and shall not have the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto.

Depositary” means, with respect to the Notes issuable or issued in whole or in part in global form, the Person specified in Section 2.03 hereof as the Depositary with respect to the Notes, and any and all successors thereto appointed as Depositary hereunder and having become such pursuant to the applicable provision of this Indenture.

Designated Non-Cash Consideration” means the fair market value of non-cash consideration received by the Issuer or a Subsidiary in connection with a Disposition pursuant to Section 5.05(k) that is designated as Designated Non-Cash Consideration pursuant to a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer, setting forth the basis of such valuation (which amount will be reduced by the Fair Market Value of the portion of the non-cash consideration converted to cash within 180 days following the consummation of the applicable Disposition).

 

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Discharge” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

Disposed EBITDA” means, with respect to any Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary for any period through (but not after) the date of such disposition, the amount for such period of Consolidated EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary (determined as if references to the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the definition of the term “Consolidated EBITDA” (and in the component financial definitions used therein) were references to such Sold Entity or Business and its subsidiaries or to such Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary and its subsidiaries), all as determined on a consolidated basis for such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Disposition Date” means the first date occurring after the Issue Date on which the Accounts (together with their respective Account Parties in the aggregate) cease to Beneficially Own the Required Amount. Promptly following the Issuer becoming aware of the Disposition Date having occurred, the Issuer shall notify the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Accounts in writing of the occurrence of the Disposition Date (which notice shall be conclusive unless one or more of the Accounts objects to such determination in writing delivered to the Issuer, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent no later than 5 Business Days after such notice from the Issuer); provided, that upon request from the Issuer, the Accounts shall within two (2) Business Days certify to the Issuer their holdings to enable the Issuer to determine whether the Disposition Date may have occurred.

Disqualified Equity Interest” means, with respect to any Person, any Equity Interest in such Person that by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable, either mandatorily or at the option of the holder thereof), or upon the happening of any event or condition:

(a) matures or is mandatorily redeemable (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests), whether pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise;

(b) is convertible or exchangeable, either mandatorily or at the option of the holder thereof, for Indebtedness or Equity Interests (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests); or

(c) is redeemable (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests) or is required to be repurchased by such Person or any of its Affiliates, in whole or in part, at the option of the holder thereof;

in each case, on or prior to the date ninety-one (91) days after the Final Maturity Date; provided, however, that (i) an Equity Interest in any Person that would not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest but for terms thereof giving holders thereof the right to require such Person to redeem or purchase such Equity Interest upon the occurrence of an “asset sale” or a “change of control” or similar event shall

 

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not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest if any such requirement becomes operative only after the Final Maturity Date and (ii) if an Equity Interest in any Person is issued pursuant to any plan for the benefit of employees of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any of its Subsidiaries or by any such plan to such employees, such Equity Interest shall not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest solely because it may be required to be repurchased by Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent company thereof) or any of its Subsidiaries in order to satisfy applicable statutory or regulatory obligations of such Person.

Dollars” or “$” refers to lawful money of the United States of America.

Domestic Foreign Holdco” means any Subsidiary substantially all of whose assets (directly and/or indirectly through one or more Subsidiaries) are capital stock (and, if applicable, debt) of one or more Subsidiaries that are CFCs.

Effective Yield” means, as to any Indebtedness, the effective yield on such Indebtedness in the reasonable determination of the Issuer and consistent with generally accepted financial practices, taking into account the applicable interest rate margins, any interest rate floors (the effect of which floors shall be determined in a manner set forth in the proviso below) or similar devices and all fees, including upfront or similar fees or original issue discount paid with respect to the Initial Notes, initial incurrence of any Class (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of loans or series of Indebtedness, as applicable (amortized over the shorter of (a) the remaining Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such Indebtedness and (b) the four years following the date of incurrence thereof) payable generally to lenders or other institutions providing such Indebtedness, but excluding any arrangement, syndication, commitment, prepayment, structuring, ticking or other similar fees payable in connection therewith that are not generally shared with the relevant Holders and, if applicable, consent fees for an amendment paid generally to consenting Holders and, solely for purposes of determining the effective yield for purposes of Section 2.11(a)(i) of the Credit Agreement, any original issue discount, upfront fees or other fees payable in connection with the Initial Notes issued on the Issue Date; provided that with respect to any Indebtedness that includes a “LIBOR floor” or “Base Rate floor” (as defined in the Credit Agreement), (i) to the extent that the LIBO Rate or Alternate Base Rate (without giving effect to any floors in such definitions), as applicable, on the date that the Effective Yield is being calculated is less than such floor, the amount of such difference shall be deemed added to the interest rate margin for such Indebtedness for the purpose of calculating the Effective Yield and (ii) to the extent that the LIBO Rate or Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) (without giving effect to any floors in such definitions), as applicable, on the date that the Effective Yield is being calculated is greater than such floor, then the floor shall be disregarded in calculating the Effective Yield.

Environmental Laws” means all applicable treaties, rules, regulations, codes, ordinances, judgments, orders, decrees and other applicable Requirements of Law, and all applicable injunctions or binding agreements issued, promulgated or entered into by or with any Governmental Authority, in each instance relating to the protection of the environment, to preservation or reclamation of natural resources, to Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Material or to the extent relating to exposure to Hazardous Materials, to health or safety matters.

Equity Interests” means shares of capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests in a limited liability company, beneficial interests in a trust or other equity ownership interests in a Person.

ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.

 

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ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that, together with any Note Party, is treated as a single employer under Section 414(b) or 414(c) of the Code or, solely for purposes of Section 302 of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code, is treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code.

ERISA Event” means (a) any “reportable event,” as defined in Section 4043(c) of ERISA or the regulations issued thereunder with respect to a Plan (other than an event for which the 30-day notice period is waived); (b) any failure by any Plan to satisfy the minimum funding standard (within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA) applicable to such Plan, in each case whether or not waived; (c) the filing pursuant to Section 412(c) of the Code or Section 302(c) of ERISA, of an application for a waiver of the minimum funding standard with respect to any Plan; (d) a determination that any Plan is, or is expected to be, in “at-risk” status (as defined in Section 303(i)(4) of ERISA or Section 430(i)(4) of the Code); (e) the incurrence by a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability under Title IV of ERISA (other than premiums due and not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA) with respect to the termination of any Plan or by application of Section 4069 of ERISA with respect to any terminated plan; (f) the receipt by a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate from the PBGC or a plan administrator of any notice to terminate any Plan or Plans or to appoint a trustee to administer any Plan, or to terminate or to appoint a trustee to administer any plan or plans in respect of which such Note Party or ERISA Affiliate would be deemed to be an employer under Section 4069 of ERISA; (g) the incurrence by a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability with respect to the withdrawal or partial withdrawal from any Multiemployer Plan; (h) the receipt by a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, or the receipt by any Multiemployer Plan from a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, concerning the imposition of Withdrawal Liability, or the failure of a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate to pay when due, after the expiration of any applicable grace period, any installment payment with respect to any Withdrawal Liability; or (i) the withdrawal of a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate from a Plan subject to Section 4063 of ERISA during a plan year in which such entity was a “substantial employer” as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA or a cessation of operations that is treated as such a withdrawal under Section 4062(e) of ERISA.

Euro” means the lawful single currency of the European Union.

Euroclear” means Euroclear S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear system.

Excess Cash Flow” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time.

Excluded Assets” means (a) any fee-owned real property that is not Material Real Property and all leasehold (including ground lease) interests in real property (including requirements to deliver landlord lien waivers, estoppels and collateral access letters), (b) motor vehicles and other assets subject to certificates of title or ownership, (c) Letter of Credit Rights (except to the extent constituting supporting obligations (as defined under the UCC) in which a security interest can be perfected with the filing of a UCC-1 financing statement), (d) Commercial Tort Claims (as defined under the UCC) with a value of less than $20,000,000 and commercial tort claims for which no complaint or counterclaim has been filed in a court of competent jurisdiction, (e) Excluded Equity Interests, (f) any lease, contract, license, sublicense, other agreement or document, government approval or franchise with any Person if, to the extent and for so long as, the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Notes Obligations would require the consent of a third party (unless such consent has been received), violates or invalidates, constitutes a breach of or a default under, or creates a right of termination in favor of any other party thereto (other than any Note Party) to, such lease, contract, license, sublicense, other agreement or document, government approval or franchise

 

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(but only to the extent any of the foregoing is not rendered ineffective by, or is otherwise unenforceable under, the Uniform Commercial Code, or any other applicable Requirements of Law), (g) any asset subject to a Lien of the type permitted by Section 5.02(iv) (whether or not incurred pursuant to such Section) or a Lien permitted by Section 5.02(xi), in each case if, to the extent and for so long as the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Notes Obligations constitutes a breach of or a default under, or creates a right of termination in favor of any party (other than any Note Party) to, any agreement pursuant to which such Lien has been created (but only to the extent any of the foregoing is not rendered ineffective by, or is otherwise unenforceable under, the Uniform Commercial Code, or any other applicable Requirements of Law), (h) any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act and any other Intellectual Property in any jurisdiction where the grant of a Lien thereon would cause the invalidation or abandonment of such Intellectual Property under applicable law, (i) any asset if, to the extent and for so long as the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Notes Obligations is prohibited by any Requirements of Law, rule or regulation, contractual obligation existing on the Issue Date (or, if later, the date of acquisition of such asset, or the date a Person that owns such assets becomes a Guarantor, so long as any such prohibition is not created in contemplation of such acquisition or of such Person becoming a Guarantor) or any permitted agreement with any Governmental Authority binding on such asset (in each case, other than to the extent that any such prohibition would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the UCC, or any other applicable Requirements of Law) or which would require consent, approval, license or authorization from any Governmental Authority or regulatory authority, unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been received (other than to the extent such requirement would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the UCC or any other applicable Requirement of Law), (j) margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors, as in effect from time to time) and pledges and security interests prohibited by applicable law, rule or regulation or agreements with any Governmental Authority, (k) Securitization Assets, (l) any Deposit Account (as defined in the First Lien Collateral Agreement) or Securities Account (as defined in the First Lien Collateral Agreement) that is used as a pension fund, escrow (including, without limitation, any escrow accounts for the benefit of customers), trust, or similar account, in each case, for the benefit of third parties, (m) assets to the extent a security interest in such assets would result in an investment in “United States property” by a CFC or would otherwise result in a material adverse tax consequence, as reasonably determined by the Issuer and, prior to the Disposition Date, in consultation with the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) (it being understood that no more than 65% of the voting equity interests of any foreign subsidiary that is a CFC and that is owned directly by the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor shall be included in the Collateral) and (n) any assets with respect to which, in the reasonable judgment of the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) and the Issuer (as agreed to in writing), the cost, burden, difficulty or other consequences (including adverse tax consequences) of pledging such assets or perfecting a security interest therein shall be excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Holders therefrom, until the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations, any assets that are “Excluded Assets” under the Credit Agreement.

Excluded Equity Interests” means Equity Interests in any (a) Unrestricted Subsidiary, (b) Immaterial Subsidiary, (c) Subsidiary organized under the laws of a jurisdiction that is not a Covered Jurisdiction (except that up to 65% of the voting equity interests of any foreign subsidiary that is a CFC and that is owned directly by the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor shall not be Excluded Equity Interests), (d)

 

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any Equity Interests to the extent the pledge thereof would be prohibited or limited by any applicable Requirement of Law existing on the date hereof or on the date such Equity Interests are acquired by the Issuer or any other Grantor (as defined in the First Lien Collateral Agreement) or on the date the issuer of such Equity Interests is created other than to the extent that any such prohibition would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the applicable anti-assignment provisions in the Uniform Commercial Code of any applicable jurisdiction, (e) Subsidiary (other than any Notes Guarantor) to the extent the pledge thereof to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent is not permitted by the terms of such Subsidiary’s organizational (except in the case of any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Holdings) or joint venture documents, in each case, after giving effect to the applicable anti-assignment provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code and (f) not-for-profit Subsidiary, captive insurance company or special purpose securitization vehicle (or similar entity), including any Securitization Subsidiary until the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations, any Equity Interests that are “Excluded Equity Interests” under the Credit Agreement.

Excluded Subsidiary” means (a) any Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Holdings, (b) each Subsidiary listed on Schedule 1.01, (c) any Subsidiary that is prohibited by applicable law, rule or regulation or contractual obligation existing on the Issue Date or, if later, the date such Subsidiary first becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, from guaranteeing the Notes Obligations or which would require any governmental or regulatory consent, approval, license or authorization to do so, unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been obtained, (d) any Immaterial Subsidiary, (e) any direct or indirect Subsidiary with respect to which, in the reasonable judgment of the Controlling Party and the Issuer (as agreed in writing) (and after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, to the extent agreed between the Credit Agreement Agent and Issuer pursuant to the Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, to the extent agreed between the Required Holders and the Issuer), the cost or other consequences (including any adverse tax consequences) of providing the Guaranty shall be excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Holders therefrom, (f) any Subsidiary that is (or, if it were a Note Party, would be) an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (g) any not-for profit Subsidiaries, captive insurance companies or other special purpose subsidiaries, (h) any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than any Covered Jurisdiction, (i) any subsidiary whose provision of a Guarantee would constitute an investment in “United States property” by a CFC or otherwise result in a material adverse tax consequence to the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries (or, if applicable, the common parent of the Issuer’s consolidated group for income tax purposes) as reasonably determined by the Issuer and, prior to the Disposition Date, in consultation with the Controlling Party, (j)(i) any direct or indirect subsidiary of a CFC and (ii) any Domestic Foreign Holdco, (k) any special purpose securitization vehicle (or similar entity), including any Securitization Subsidiary, (l) each Unrestricted Subsidiary and (m) any Subsidiary (other than the Subsidiary Note Parties on the Issue Date) for which the providing of a Guarantee would reasonably be expected to result in any violation or breach of, or conflict with, fiduciary duties of such Subsidiary’s officers, directors or managers and (n) any Restricted Subsidiary acquired pursuant to a Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited by this Indenture) financed with Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01 hereof as assumed Indebtedness and any Restricted Subsidiary thereof that Guarantees such Indebtedness, in each case to the extent such Indebtedness prohibits such Subsidiary from becoming a Notes Guarantor (so long as such prohibition did not arise in connection with such Permitted Acquisition (or such other Investment not prohibited by this Indenture) or such assumption of Indebtedness); provided that any Immaterial Subsidiary that is a signatory to the First Lien Collateral Agreement or that provides a Notes Guarantee shall be deemed not to be an Excluded Subsidiary for purposes of this Indenture and the other Notes Documents unless the Issuer has otherwise notified the Trustee; provided further that the Issuer may at any time and in its sole discretion, upon notice to the Trustee, deem that any Restricted Subsidiary shall not be an Excluded Subsidiary for purposes of this Indenture and the other Notes Documents.

 

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Fair Market Value” or “fair market value” means, with respect to any asset or group of assets on any date of determination, the value of the consideration obtainable in a sale of such asset at such date of determination assuming a sale by a willing seller to a willing purchaser dealing at arm’s length and arranged in an orderly manner over a reasonable period of time taking into account the nature and characteristics of such asset (which determination shall be conclusive), it being agreed that with respect to real property, in no event will any Note Party be required to obtain independent appraisals or other third party valuations to establish such Fair Market Value unless required by FIRREA.

Final Maturity Date” means December 13, 2026.

Financial Officer” means the chief financial officer, principal accounting officer, treasurer or corporate controller of Holdings or the Issuer, as applicable.

Financial Performance Covenant” means any financial maintenance covenant from time to time in effect under the Credit Agreement.

FIRREA” means the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, as amended.

First Lien Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

First Lien Collateral Agreement” means the First Lien Collateral Agreement among the Note Parties party thereto, the First Lien Collateral Agent and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit G.

First Lien Credit Facilities” means (a) the loans made pursuant to the Credit Agreement on the Issue Date, (b) any First Lien Incremental Facilities permitted to be incurred in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement and (c) any Indebtedness incurred under Section 2.21 of the Credit Agreement.

First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

First Lien Incremental Facility” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

First Lien Notes Collateral Agent” means Wilmington Trust, National Association, in its capacity as collateral agent under the Notes Documents, until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and thereafter means such successor.

First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement” means the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit H-2 among the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and Jefferies Finance LLC as Authorized Representative for the Credit Agreement Secured Parties and any Additional Senior Class Debt Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Credit Agreement Obligations.

First Lien Term Loans” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

 

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First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement” means the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit H-1 among the Credit Agreement Agent, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and any Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral. On the Issue Date, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent will enter into a First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement with the Credit Agreement Agent, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other parties party thereto.

First Lien Loan Documents” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

First Lien Obligations” means the “Senior Obligations” as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

Flood Insurance Laws” means, collectively, (i) the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (ii) the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (iii) the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (iv) the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto and (v) the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto.

GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, as in effect from time to time; provided, however, that if the Issuer notifies the Trustee and the Controlling Party that the Issuer requests an amendment to any provision hereof to eliminate the effect of any change occurring after the Issue Date in GAAP or in the application thereof on the operation of such provision (or if the Trustee notifies the Issuer that the Controlling Party requests an amendment to any provision hereof for such purpose), regardless of whether any such notice is given before or after such change in GAAP or in the application thereof, then such provision shall be interpreted on the basis of GAAP as in effect and applied immediately before such change shall have become effective until such notice shall have been withdrawn or such provision amended in accordance herewith. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, (a) all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made, without giving effect to any election under FASB Accounting Standards Codification 825-Financial Instruments, or any successor thereto (including pursuant to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification), to value any Indebtedness of any subsidiary at “fair value,” as defined therein and (b) the amount of any Indebtedness under GAAP with respect to Capital Lease Obligations shall be determined in accordance with the definition of Capital Lease Obligations.

General Restricted Payment Reallocated Amount” means any amount that, at the option of Holdings or the Issuer, has been reallocated from Section 5.07(a)(viii) to clause (C) of the proviso in Section 5.04(m), which shall be deemed to be a utilization of the basket set forth in Section 5.07(a)(viii).

Global Note Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.06(g)(ii) hereof, which is required to be placed on all Global Notes issued under this Indenture.

Global Notes” means, individually and collectively, each of the Restricted Global Notes and the Unrestricted Global Notes, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, issued in accordance with Section 2.01, 2.06(b) or 2.06(d) hereof.

Governmental Approvals” means all authorizations, consents, approvals, permits, licenses and exemptions of, registrations and filings with, and reports to, Governmental Authorities.

 

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Governmental Authority” means the government of the United States of America, any other nation or any political subdivision thereof, whether federal, state, provincial, territorial, local or otherwise, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).

Government Securities” means securities that are:

(1) direct obligations of the United States of America for the timely payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged; or

(2) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America,

which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuers thereof, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act), as custodian with respect to any such Government Securities or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Government Securities held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depository receipt; provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Securities or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the Government Securities evidenced by such depository receipt.

Guarantee” of or by any Person (the “guarantor”) means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of the guarantor guaranteeing or having the economic effect of guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including any obligation of the guarantor, direct or indirect, (a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or to purchase (or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any security for the payment thereof, (b) to purchase or lease property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the owner of such Indebtedness of the payment thereof, (c) to maintain working capital, equity capital or any other financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary obligor so as to enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness or (d) as an account party in respect of any letter of credit or letter of guaranty issued to support such Indebtedness; provided that the term Guarantee shall not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business or customary and reasonable indemnity obligations in effect on the Issue Date or entered into in connection with any acquisition or disposition of assets permitted under this Indenture (other than such obligations with respect to Indebtedness). The amount of any Guarantee shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the related primary obligation, or portion thereof, in respect of which such Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer. The term “Guarantee” as a verb has a corresponding meaning.

Hazardous Materials” means all explosive, radioactive, hazardous or toxic substances, wastes or other pollutants, including petroleum or petroleum by-products or distillates, asbestos or asbestos-containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, radon gas, infectious or medical wastes and all other hazardous or toxic substances, wastes, chemicals, pollutants, contaminants of any nature and in any form regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law.

Holder” means the Person in whose name a Note is registered on the Registrar’s books.

 

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Holdings” means (a) prior to any IPO, Initial Holdings and (b) upon and after an IPO, (i) if the IPO Entity is Initial Holdings or any Person of which Initial Holdings is a Subsidiary, Initial Holdings or (ii) if the IPO Entity is an Intermediate Parent, the IPO Entity.

IAI Global Note” means a Global Note substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Note Legend and the Private Placement Legend and deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee that will be issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes sold or to be sold to Institutional Accredited Investors.

Immaterial Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary other than a Material Subsidiary.

Incremental Cap” means, as of any date of determination, the sum of (I)(a) the greater of (i) $288,000,000 and (ii) 75% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such date, calculated on a Pro Forma Basis; plus (b) the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of all First Lien Term Loans, First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or any other Indebtedness secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with or senior to the Notes Obligations voluntarily prepaid (including purchases and redemptions of the Loans, First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or any other Indebtedness secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with or senior to the Notes Obligations by the Issuer and its Subsidiaries (to the extent retired) at or below par, in which case the amount of such voluntary prepayments shall be deemed to be the amount paid in cash, and with respect to any reduction in the outstanding amount of any loan resulting from the application of any “yank-a-bank” provisions, the amount paid in cash), (ii) the aggregate amount of all First Lien Term Loans repurchased and prepaid pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii) of the Credit Agreement or otherwise in a manner not prohibited by Section 9.04(g) of the Credit Agreement and (iii) all reductions of Revolving Commitments (and, in the case of any revolving loans, a corresponding commitment reduction), in each case prior to such date (other than, in each case, prepayments, repurchases and commitment reductions with the proceeds of the incurrence of Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness or other long-term Indebtedness) minus (c)(i) the amount of all First Lien Incremental Facilities and all First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt incurred in reliance on the foregoing clauses (a) and/or (b) and (ii) the amount of all First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt incurred in reliance on the foregoing clauses (a) and/or (b) plus (II)(a) in the case of any First Lien Incremental Facilities or First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Notes Obligations, the maximum aggregate principal amount that can be incurred without causing the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, after giving effect to the incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof, on a Pro Forma Basis, to exceed 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period; (b) in the case of any Incremental Facilities or Incremental Equivalent Debt secured by the Collateral on a junior basis with the Notes Obligations, the maximum aggregate principal amount that can be incurred without causing the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio to exceed 7.50 to 1.00, on a Pro Forma Basis for the most recently ended Test Period; and (c) in the case of any Incremental Equivalent Debt that is unsecured, the maximum aggregate principal amount that can be incurred without causing the Total Net Leverage Ratio, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof to exceed 7.50 to 1.00 on a Pro Forma Basis, for the most recently ended Test Period. Any ratio calculated for purposes of determining the “Incremental Cap” shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis after giving effect to the incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof (assuming that the full amount of any Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments (as defined in the Credit Agreement) being established at such time is fully drawn and deducting in calculating the numerator of any leverage ratio the cash proceeds thereof to the extent such proceeds are not promptly applied, but without giving effect to any simultaneous incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt made pursuant to clause (I) above) for the most recent Test Period ended and subject to Section 1.06 to the extent applicable. Indebtedness may be incurred under both clauses (I) and (II), and proceeds from any such

 

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incurrence may be utilized in a single transaction by first calculating the incurrence under clause (II) above and then calculating the incurrence under clause (I) above (if any) (and vice versa) (and if both clauses (I) and (II) are available and the Issuer does not make an election, the Issuer will be deemed to have elected clause (II)); provided that any such Indebtedness originally incurred in reliance on clause (I) above shall cease to be deemed outstanding under clause (I) and shall instead be deemed to be outstanding pursuant to clause (II) above from and after the first date on which the Issuer could have incurred the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness in reliance on clause (II) above.

Incremental Equivalent Debt” means First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt.

Incremental Facility” means incremental, additional or other Term Loans or Revolving Commitments incurred or established under the Credit Agreement; provided that, after giving effect to the effectiveness of any Incremental Facility and at the time that any such Incremental Facility is made or effected, (i) no Event of Default (except, in the case of the incurrence or provision of any Incremental Facility in connection with a Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited by the terms of this Indenture, no Specified Event of Default) shall have occurred and be continuing and (ii) the Issuer shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the Test Period then last ended (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable under the Credit Agreement at such time); provided further that any such Incremental Facility (a) shall rank equal in right of payment with the Notes, shall be secured only by the collateral securing the Notes Obligations and shall only be guaranteed by the guarantors of the Notes Obligations, (b) shall not mature earlier than the Term Loans or Revolving Commitments, as applicable, under the Credit Agreement and (c) shall not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the remaining term of the Term Loans or Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement.

Indebtedness” of any Person means, without duplication, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property acquired by such Person, (d) all obligations of such Person in respect of the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding (x) trade accounts payable in the ordinary course of business, (y) any earn-out obligation until such obligation becomes a liability on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP and if not paid after being due and payable and (z) taxes and other accrued expenses accrued in the ordinary course of business), (e) all Indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on property owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the Indebtedness secured thereby has been assumed, (f) all Guarantees by such Person of Indebtedness of others, (g) all Capital Lease Obligations of such Person, (h) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person as an account party in respect of letters of credit and letters of guaranty and (i) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person in respect of bankers’ acceptances; provided that the term “Indebtedness” shall not include (i) deferred or prepaid revenue, (ii) purchase price holdbacks in respect of a portion of the purchase price of an asset to satisfy warranty, indemnity or other unperformed obligations of the seller, (iii) any obligations attributable to the exercise of appraisal rights and the settlement of any claims or actions (whether actual, contingent or potential) with respect thereto, (iv) Indebtedness of any Person that is a direct or indirect parent of Holdings appearing on the balance sheet of Holdings or the Issuer, or solely by reason of push down accounting under GAAP, (v) for the avoidance of doubt, any Qualified Equity Interests issued by Holdings or the Issuer and (vi) any earn-out, take-or-pay or similar obligation to the extent such obligation is not shown as a liability on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP and is not paid after becoming due and payable. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other relationship with such entity, except to the extent the terms

 

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of such Indebtedness provide that such Person is not liable therefor. The amount of Indebtedness of any Person for purposes of clause (e) above shall (unless such Indebtedness has been assumed by such Person) be deemed to be equal to the lesser of (A) the aggregate unpaid amount of such Indebtedness and (B) the Fair Market Value of the property encumbered thereby as determined by such Person in good faith. For all purposes hereof, the Indebtedness of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries shall exclude intercompany liabilities arising from their cash management, tax, and accounting operations and intercompany loans, advances or Indebtedness having a term not exceeding 364 days (inclusive of any rollover or extensions of terms) and made in the ordinary course of business.

Indenture” means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

Indirect Participant” means a Person who holds a beneficial interest in a Global Note through a Participant.

Initial Notes” means the Issuer’s Senior Secured First Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2026 authenticated and delivered under this Indenture on the Issue Date.

Initial Purchasers” means, collectively, the parties to the Notes Purchase Agreement listed on Schedule 1 thereto as Initial Purchasers.

Institutional Accredited Investor” means an institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (2), (3) or (7) under the Securities Act, who is not also a QIB.

Intellectual Property” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

Intellectual Property Security Agreements” means, collectively, the First Lien Trademark Security Agreement, the First Lien Patent Security Agreement and the First Lien Copyright Security Agreement, in each case which has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

Intercompany Note” means the Intercompany Note, dated as of December 13, 2019, by and among Holdings, the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries from time to time party thereto.

Intercreditor Agreement” means any of the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the ABL Intercreditor Agreement (when in effect) or any other Customary Intercreditor Agreement in effect, as applicable.

Intermediate Parent” means any Subsidiary of Holdings of which the Issuer is a subsidiary.

Investment” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect acquisition or investment by such Person, whether by means of (a) the purchase or other acquisition of Equity Interests or debt or other securities of another Person, (b) a loan, advance or capital contribution to, Guarantee or assumption of Indebtedness of, or purchase or other acquisition of any other debt or equity participation or interest in, another Person, including any partnership or joint venture interest in such other Person (excluding, in the case of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries (i) intercompany advances arising from their cash management, tax, and accounting operations and (ii) intercompany loans, advances, or Indebtedness having a term not exceeding 364 days (inclusive of any roll-over or extensions of terms) and made in the ordinary course of business) or (c) the purchase or other acquisition (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the property and assets or business of another Person or assets constituting a business

 

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unit, line of business or division of such Person. The amount, as of any date of determination, of (a) any Investment in the form of a loan or an advance shall be the principal amount thereof outstanding on such date, minus any cash payments actually received by such investor representing interest in respect of such Investment (to the extent any such payment to be deducted does not exceed the remaining principal amount of such Investment and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any adjustment for write-downs or write-offs (including as a result of forgiveness of any portion thereof) with respect to such loan or advance after the date thereof, (b) any Investment in the form of a Guarantee shall be equal to the stated or determinable amount of the related primary obligation, or portion thereof, in respect of which such Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof, as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer, (c) any Investment in the form of a transfer of Equity Interests or other non-cash property by the investor to the investee, including any such transfer in the form of a capital contribution, shall be the Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer) of such Equity Interests or other property as of the time of the transfer, minus any payments actually received by such investor representing a return of capital of, or dividends or other distributions in respect of, such Investment (to the extent such payments do not exceed, in the aggregate, the original amount of such Investment and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any other adjustment for increases or decreases in value of, or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to, such Investment after the date of such Investment, and (d) any Investment (other than any Investment referred to in clause (a), (b) or (c) above) by the specified Person in the form of a purchase or other acquisition for value of any Equity Interests, evidences of Indebtedness or other securities of any other Person shall be the original cost of such Investment (including any Indebtedness assumed in connection therewith), plus (i) the cost of all additions thereto and minus (ii) the amount of any portion of such Investment that has been repaid to the investor in cash as a repayment of principal or a return of capital, and of any cash payments actually received by such investor representing interest, dividends or other distributions in respect of such Investment (to the extent the amounts referred to in clause (ii) do not, in the aggregate, exceed the original cost of such Investment plus the costs of additions thereto and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any other adjustment for increases or decreases in value of, or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to, such Investment after the date of such Investment. For purposes of Section 5.04, if an Investment involves the acquisition of more than one Person, the amount of such Investment shall be allocated among the acquired Persons in accordance with GAAP; provided that pending the final determination of the amounts to be so allocated in accordance with GAAP, such allocation shall be as reasonably determined by a Financial Officer.

Investor” means a holder of Equity Interests in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof).

IPO” means (x) the initial underwritten public offering (other than a public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-8) of common Equity Interests in the IPO Entity or (y) the listing for trading of common Equity Interests in the IPO Entity on a securities exchange of recognized national or international standing, approved by the IPO Entity.

IPO Entity” means, at any time upon and after an IPO, Initial Holdings, a parent entity of Initial Holdings or an Intermediate Parent, as the case may be, the Equity Interests of which were issued or sold pursuant to, or otherwise the subject of, the IPO; provided that, immediately following the IPO, the Issuer is a direct or indirect Wholly Owned Subsidiary of such IPO Entity and such IPO Entity owns, directly or through its subsidiaries, substantially all the businesses and assets owned or conducted, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer immediately prior to the IPO.

Issue Date” means July 31, 2020.

 

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Issuer” has the meaning set forth in the preamble hereto until a successor replaces the applicable entity in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and, thereafter, includes such successor.

Issuer Order” means a written request or order signed on behalf of the Issuer by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer, who must be the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer, the treasurer or the principal accounting officer of the Issuer, and delivered to the Trustee.

Junior Debt Payment Reallocated Amount” means any amount that, at the option of Holdings or the Issuer, has been reallocated from Section 5.07(b)(iv) to clause (D) of the proviso in Section 5.04(m), which shall be deemed to be a utilization of the basket set forth in Section 5.07(b)(iv).

Junior Financing” means (a) any Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than (i) any permitted intercompany Indebtedness owing to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt or (ii) any Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount not exceeding $50,000,000) that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations, and (b) any Permitted Refinancing in respect of the foregoing.

Letter of Credit” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

Lien” means, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset and (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such asset.

Limited Condition Transaction” means (a) any Permitted Acquisition (including by way of merger or amalgamation), Investment or irrevocably declared Restricted Payment by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary permitted pursuant to this Indenture whose consummation is not conditioned upon the availability of, or on obtaining, third party financing (or, if such a condition does exist, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, would be required to pay any fee, liquidated damages or other amount or be subject to any indemnity, claim or other liability as a result of such third party financing not having been available or obtained) or (b) any prepayment, repurchase or redemption of Indebtedness requiring irrevocable notice in advance of such prepayment, repurchase or redemption.

Management Investors” means the members of the Board of Directors, officers and employees of Holdings, the Issuer and/or their respective Subsidiaries who are (directly or indirectly through one or more investment vehicles) investors in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof).

Material Adverse Effect” means a circumstance or condition affecting the business, financial condition, or results of operations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and their respective Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, that would reasonably be expected to have a materially adverse effect on (a) the ability of the Issuer and the other Note Parties, taken as a whole, to perform their payment obligations under the Notes Documents or (b) the rights and remedies of the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Holders under the Notes Documents.

Material Indebtedness” means Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than the Notes Obligations), Capital Lease Obligations, unreimbursed obligations for letter of credit drawings and financial guarantees (other than ordinary course of business contingent reimbursement obligations) or obligations in respect of one or more Swap Agreements, of any one or more of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount exceeding $100,000,000. For purposes of determining Material Indebtedness, the “principal amount” of the obligations in respect of any Swap Agreement at any time shall be the maximum aggregate amount (giving effect to any netting agreements) that the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary would be required to pay if such Swap Agreement were terminated at such time.

 

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Material Real Property” means any real property with a Fair Market Value, as reasonably determined by the Issuer in good faith, greater than or equal to $30,000,000.

Material Subsidiary” means each Intermediate Parent or Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary that, as of the last day of the fiscal quarter of the Issuer most recently ended, had net revenues or total assets for such quarter in excess of 2.5% of the consolidated net revenues or total assets, as applicable, of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such quarter; provided that in the event that the Immaterial Subsidiaries, taken together, had as of the last day of the fiscal quarter of the Issuer’s most recently ended net revenues or total assets in excess of 10.0 % of the consolidated revenues or total assets, as applicable, of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such quarter, the Issuer shall designate in writing one or more Immaterial Subsidiaries to be a Material Subsidiary as may be necessary such that the foregoing 10.0% limit shall not be exceeded, and any such Subsidiary shall thereafter be deemed to be an Material Subsidiary hereunder; provided further that the Issuer may re-designate Material Subsidiaries as Immaterial Subsidiaries so long as the Issuer is in compliance with the foregoing.

MFN Provision” means in the event that the Effective Yield for any U.S. Dollar-denominated, first lien floating rate Indebtedness is greater than the Effective Yield for the Initial Notes by more than 0.50% per annum, then the Effective Yield for the Initial Notes shall be increased to the extent necessary so that the Effective Yield for the Initial Notes is equal to the Effective Yield for such Indebtedness minus 0.50% per annum (provided that the “LIBOR floor” applicable to the outstanding Initial Notes shall be increased to an amount not to exceed the “LIBOR floor” applicable to such Indebtedness prior to any increase in the Applicable Rate applicable to such Initial Notes then outstanding). Promptly upon the occurrence of any event triggering the obligation to increase the Effective Yield on the Notes under this provision, the Issuer shall deliver an Officer’s Certificate to the Trustee identifying the required rate changes and the effective date of such change and describing the basis for such change.

Model” means that certain financial model delivered by the Issuer to the Holders on May 1, 2020 (together with any updates or modifications thereto made prior to the Issue Date with the consent of the Holders).

Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and any successor to its rating agency business.

Mortgage” means a mortgage, charge, deed of trust, assignment of leases and rents or other security document granting a Lien on any Mortgaged Property in favor of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties to secure the Notes Obligations, as the same may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time. Each Mortgage shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) and the Issuer.

Mortgaged Property” means each parcel of Material Real Property with respect to which a Mortgage will (or is required to be) be granted pursuant to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, Section 4.13 or Section 4.14.

Multiemployer Plan” means a multiemployer plan as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA.

 

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Net Proceeds” means, with respect to any event, (a) the proceeds received in respect of such event in cash or Permitted Investments, including (i) any cash or Permitted Investments received in respect of any non-cash proceeds (including any cash payments received by way of deferred payment of principal pursuant to a note or installment receivable or purchase price adjustment or earn-out, but excluding any interest payments), but only as and when received, (ii) in the case of a casualty, insurance proceeds that are actually received, and (iii) in the case of a condemnation or similar event, condemnation awards and similar payments that are actually received, minus (b) without duplication, the sum of (i) all fees and out-of-pocket expenses paid by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with such event (including attorney’s fees, investment banking fees, survey costs, title insurance premiums, and related search and recording charges, transfer taxes, deed or mortgage recording taxes, underwriting discounts and commissions, other customary expenses and brokerage, consultant, accountant and other customary fees), (ii) in the case of a sale, transfer or other disposition of an asset (including pursuant to a sale and leaseback transaction or a casualty or a condemnation or similar proceeding), (x) the amount of all payments that are permitted hereunder and are made by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries as a result of such event to repay Indebtedness secured by such asset or otherwise subject to mandatory prepayment as a result of such event, (y) the pro rata portion of net cash proceeds thereof (calculated without regard to this clause (y)) attributable to minority interests and not available for distribution to or for the account of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries as a result thereof and (z) the amount of any liabilities directly associated with such asset and retained by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary and (iii) the amount of all taxes paid (or reasonably estimated to be payable), the amount of dividends and other restricted payments that Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and/or its Restricted Subsidiaries may make pursuant to Section 5.07(a)(vii)(A) or (B) as a result of such event, and the amount of any reserves established by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries to fund contingent liabilities reasonably estimated to be payable, that are directly attributable to such event, provided that any reduction at any time in the amount of any such reserves (other than as a result of payments made in respect thereof) shall be deemed to constitute the receipt by the Issuer at such time of Net Proceeds in the amount of such reduction. To the extent that any portion of Net Proceeds payable in respect of the Notes is denominated in a currency other than Dollars, the amount thereof payable in respect of the Notes shall not exceed the net amount of funds in Dollars that is actually received by the Issuer upon converting such portion into Dollars.

New Project” shall mean (a) each facility which is either a new facility, branch or office or an expansion, relocation, remodeling or substantial modernization of an existing facility, branch or office owned by the Issuer or its Subsidiaries which in fact commences operations and (b) each creation (in one or a series of related transactions) of a business unit to the extent such business unit commences operations or each expansion (in one or a series of related transactions) of business into a new market.

Non-Cash Charges” means (a) any impairment charge or asset write-off or write-down related to intangible assets (including goodwill), long-lived assets, and Investments in debt and equity securities pursuant to GAAP, (b) all losses from Investments recorded using the equity method, (c) all Non-Cash Compensation Expenses, (d) the non-cash impact of acquisition method accounting, (e) depreciation and amortization (including, without limitation, as they relate to acquisition accounting, amortization of deferred financing fees or costs, Capitalized Software Expenditures and amortization of unrecognized prior service costs and actuarial gains and losses related to pension and other post-employment benefits) and (f) other non-cash charges (provided, in each case, that if any non-cash charges represent an accrual or reserve for potential cash items in any future period, the cash payment in respect thereof in such future period shall be subtracted from Consolidated EBITDA to such extent, and excluding amortization of a prepaid cash item that was paid in a prior period).

 

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Non-Cash Compensation Expense” means any non-cash expenses and costs that result from the issuance of stock-based awards, partnership interest-based awards and similar incentive based compensation awards or arrangements.

Non-U.S. Person” means a Person who is not a U.S. Person.

Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary” of any Person means any subsidiary of such Person other than a Wholly Owned Subsidiary.

Not Otherwise Applied” means, with reference to the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount, as applicable, that such amount was not previously applied pursuant to Sections 5.04(m), 5.07(a)(viii) and 5.07(b)(iv).

Note Parties” means Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and the Subsidiary Note Parties.

Note Purchase Agreement” means the Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of the Issue Date, among the Initial Purchasers, the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors relating to the sale and purchase of the Initial Notes (subject to the terms and conditions contained therein), as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

Notes” means any of the Issuer’s Senior Secured First Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2026 authenticated and delivered under this Indenture

Notes Documents” means this Indenture, the Notes, the Notes Guarantees, the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the other Security Documents, any other Intercreditor Agreement, and any other document entered into or delivered by a Note Party in connection with the foregoing and designated as a Notes Document therein.

Notes Guarantee” means the Guarantee by each Notes Guarantor of the Issuer’s Notes Obligations pursuant to Article 10 of this Indenture.

Notes Guarantors” means Holdings, any Intermediate Parent and the Subsidiary Note Parties.

Notes Obligations” means all advances to, and debts, liabilities, obligations, covenants and duties of, any Note Party or any of their Subsidiaries arising under any Notes Document or otherwise with respect to any Note, whether direct or indirect (including those acquired by assumption), absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising and including interest and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against any Note Party or any Subsidiary of any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Laws naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such proceeding. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Notes Obligations of the Note Parties under the Notes Documents (and of any of their Subsidiaries to the extent they have obligations under the Notes Documents) include (a) the obligation (including guarantee obligations) to pay principal, interest, reimbursement obligations, charges, expenses, fees, Attorney Costs, indemnities and other amounts, in each case, payable by any Note Party or any of their Subsidiaries under any Notes Document and (b) the obligation of any Note Party or any of their Subsidiaries to reimburse any amount in respect of any of the foregoing that the Trustee or First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in their sole and reasonable discretion, may elect to pay or advance on behalf of such Note Party or such Subsidiary.

 

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Obligations” means any principal, interest (including any interest accruing subsequent to the filing of a petition in bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding at the rate provided for in the documentation with respect thereto, whether or not such interest is an allowed claim under applicable state, federal or foreign law), premium, penalties, fees, indemnifications, reimbursements (including reimbursement obligations with respect to letters of credit and bankers’ acceptances), damages and other liabilities, and guarantees of payment of such principal, interest, penalties, fees, indemnifications, reimbursements, damages and other liabilities, payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness.

Offer Event” means any event in which (a) there is any sale, transfer or other disposition of any property or asset of the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted by Section 5.05(k) other than dispositions resulting in aggregate Net Proceeds not exceeding (A) $25,000,000 in the case of any single transaction or series of related transactions and (B) $50,000,000 for all such transactions during any fiscal year of the Issuer or (b) there are any Credit Agreement Declined Proceeds.

Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of the Issuer by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer or on behalf of any other Person, as the case may be, that meets the requirements set forth in this Indenture.

Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel. Such counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Issuer or the Trustee.

Participant” means, with respect to the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream, a Person who has an account with the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream, respectively (and, with respect to DTC, shall include Euroclear and Clearstream).

Patent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation referred to and defined in ERISA and any successor entity performing similar functions.

Perfection Certificate” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit F.

Permitted Acquisition” means the purchase or other acquisition, by merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise, by the Issuer or any Subsidiary of any Equity Interests in, or all or substantially all the assets of (or all or substantially all the assets constituting a business unit, division, product line or line of business of), any Person; provided that (a) in the case of any purchase or other acquisition of Equity Interests in a Person, (i) such Person, upon the consummation of such purchase or acquisition, will be a Subsidiary (including as a result of a merger, amalgamation or consolidation between any Subsidiary and such Person), or (ii) such Person is merged or amalgamated into or consolidated with a Subsidiary and such Subsidiary is the surviving entity of such merger, amalgamation or consolidation, (b) the business of such Person, or such assets, as the case may be, constitute a business permitted by Section 4.16, (c) with respect to each such purchase or other acquisition, all actions required to be taken with respect to such newly created or acquired Subsidiary (including each subsidiary thereof) or assets in order to satisfy the requirements set forth in clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” to the extent applicable shall have been taken (or arrangements for the taking of such actions after the consummation of the Permitted Acquisition shall have been made that are reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders)) (unless such newly created or acquired Subsidiary is designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to Section 4.15 or is otherwise an Excluded Subsidiary) and (d) subject to Section 1.06, after giving Pro Forma Effect to any such purchase or other acquisition, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

 

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Permitted Encumbrances” means:

(a) Liens for Taxes, assessments or governmental charges that are (i) not overdue for a period of the greater of (x) 30 days and (y) the applicable grace period related thereto or otherwise not at such time required to be paid pursuant to Section 4.07 or (ii) that are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person in accordance with GAAP (or other applicable accounting principles);

(b) Liens with respect to outstanding motor vehicle fines and Liens arising or imposed by law, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or construction contractors’ Liens and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business that secure amounts not overdue for a period of more than 30 days or, if more than 30 days overdue, are unfiled and no other action has been taken to enforce such Lien or that are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person in accordance with GAAP, in each case so long as such Liens do not individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect;

(c) Liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business (i) in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance, social security, retirement and other similar legislation or (ii) securing liability for reimbursement or indemnification obligations of (including obligations in respect of letters of credit or bank guarantees or similar instrument for the benefit of) insurance carriers providing property, casualty or liability insurance to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or otherwise supporting the payment of items set forth in the foregoing clause (i), whether pursuant to statutory requirements, common law or consensual arrangements;

(d) Liens incurred or deposits made to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts, governmental contracts and leases, statutory obligations, surety, stay, customs and appeal bonds, return-of-money bonds, performance bonds, bankers acceptance facilities and other obligations of a like nature (including those to secure health, safety and environmental obligations) and obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments that have been posted to support the same, in each case incurred in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practices, whether pursuant to statutory requirements, common law or consensual arrangements;

(e) minor survey exceptions, minor encumbrances, covenants, conditions, easements, rights-of-way, restrictions, encroachments, protrusions, by-law, regulation or zoning restrictions, reservations of or rights of others for sewers, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines and other similar purposes and other similar encumbrances and minor title defects or irregularities affecting real property, that, in the aggregate, do not materially interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or which are set forth in the title insurance policy delivered with respect to the Mortgaged Property and are “insured over” in such insurance policy;

(f) Liens securing, or otherwise arising from, judgments not constituting an Event of Default under Section 6.01(j);

 

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(g) Liens on goods the purchase price of which is financed by a documentary letter of credit issued for the account of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries or Liens on bills of lading, drafts or other documents of title arising by operation of law or pursuant to the standard terms of agreements relating to letters of credit, bank guarantees and other similar instruments; provided that such Lien secures only the obligations of the Issuer or such Subsidiaries in respect of such letter of credit to the extent such obligations are permitted by Section 5.01;

(h) Liens arising from precautionary Uniform Commercial Code financing statements or similar filings made in respect of operating leases entered into by the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries;

(i) rights of recapture of unused real property (other than any Mortgaged Property) in favor of the seller of such property set forth in customary purchase agreements and related arrangements with any Governmental Authority;

(j) Liens in favor of deposit banks or securities intermediaries securing customary fees, expenses or charges in connection with the establishment, operation or maintenance of deposit accounts or securities accounts;

(k) Liens in favor of obligations in respect of performance, bid, appeal and surety bonds and performance and completion guarantees and similar obligations provided by the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries or obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto, in each case in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

(l) Liens arising from grants of non-exclusive licenses or sublicenses of Intellectual Property made in the ordinary course of business;

(m) rights of setoff, banker’s lien, netting agreements and other Liens arising by operation of law or by of the terms of documents of banks or other financial institutions in relation to the maintenance of administration of deposit accounts, securities accounts, cash management arrangements or in connection with the issuance of letters of credit, bank guarantees or other similar instruments;

(n) Liens arising from the right of distress enjoyed by landlords or Liens otherwise granted to landlords, in either case, to secure the payment of arrears of rent or performance of other tenant obligations in respect of leased properties, so long as such Liens are not exercised;

(o) securities to public utilities or to any Governmental Authority when required by the utility or other authority in connection with the supply of services or utilities to the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiaries;

(p) servicing agreements, development agreements, site plan agreements and other agreements with any Governmental Authority pertaining to the use or development of any of the assets of the Person, provided the same are complied with in all material respects and do not materially reduce the value of the assets of the Person or materially interfere with the use of such assets in the operation of the business of such Person;

(q) operating leases of vehicles or equipment which are entered into in the ordinary course of business;

 

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(r) Liens securing Priority Obligations;

(s) receipt of progress payments and advances from customers in the ordinary course of business to the extent the same creates a Lien on the related inventory and proceeds thereof;

(t) any zoning, building or similar law or right reserved to or vested in any Governmental Authority to control or regulate the use of any real property; and

(u) leases, licenses, subleases or sublicenses granted to others that do not (A) interfere in any material respect with the business of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (B) secure any Indebtedness;

provided that the term “Permitted Encumbrances” shall not include any Lien securing Indebtedness for borrowed money other than Liens referred to in clauses (d) and (k) above securing obligations under letters of credit or bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto and in clause (g) above, in each case to the extent any such Lien would constitute a Lien securing Indebtedness for borrowed money.

Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date.

Permitted Holders” means (a) the Sponsor, (b) the Management Investors, (c) any Person who is acting solely as an underwriter in connection with a public or private offering of Equity Interests of any parent entity of the Issuer or the Issuer, acting in such capacity and (d) any group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act or any successor provision) of which any of the foregoing are members if a majority of the Equity Interests owned by the group is owned by Permitted Holders under clause (a) or (b) above.

Permitted Investments” means any of the following, to the extent owned by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary:

(a) Dollars, Euros, Canadian Dollars, pounds sterling or such other currencies held by it from time to time in the ordinary course of business;

(b) readily marketable obligations issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the government or any agency or instrumentality of (i) the United States, (ii) the United Kingdom, (iii) Canada, (iv) Switzerland or (v) any member nation of the European Union rated A (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P and A2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, having average maturities of not more than 24 months from the date of acquisition thereof; provided that the full faith and credit of such country or such member nation of the European Union is pledged in support thereof;

(c) time deposits with, or insured certificates of deposit or bankers’ acceptances of, any commercial bank that has combined capital and surplus of at least (x) $250,000,000 in the case of U.S. banks or (y) $100,000,000 in the case of non-U.S. banks, or the U.S. dollar equivalent (any such bank in the foregoing clauses (i) or (ii) being an “Approved Bank”), in each case with average maturities of not more than 12 months from the date of acquisition thereof;

(d) commercial paper and variable or fixed rate notes issued by an Approved Bank (or by the parent company thereof) or any variable or fixed rate note issued by, or guaranteed by, a corporation rated A-2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P or P-2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, in each case with average maturities of not more than 12 months from the date of acquisition thereof;

 

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(e) repurchase agreements entered into by any Person with an Approved Bank, a bank or trust company or recognized securities dealer, in each case, having capital and surplus in excess of $250,000,000 or its equivalent for direct obligations issued by or fully guaranteed or insured by the government or any agency or instrumentality of (i) the United States, (ii) Canada, (iii) Switzerland or (iv) any member nation of the European Union rated A (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P and A2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, in which such Person shall have a perfected first priority security interest (subject to no other Liens) or title to which shall have been transferred to such Person and having, on the date of purchase thereof, a Fair Market Value of at least 100% of the amount of the repurchase obligations;

(f) marketable short-term money market and similar highly liquid funds either (i) having assets in excess of $250,000,000 or its equivalent, or (ii) having a rating of at least A-2 or P-2 from either S&P or Moody’s (or, if at any time neither S&P nor Moody’s shall be rating such obligations, an equivalent rating from another nationally recognized rating service);

(g) securities with average maturities of 12 months or less from the date of acquisition issued or fully guaranteed by any state, commonwealth or territory of the United States, Canada, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, a member of the European Union or by any political subdivision or taxing authority of any such state, member, commonwealth or territory having an investment grade rating from either S&P or Moody’s (or the equivalent thereof);

(h) investments with average maturities of 12 months or less from the date of acquisition in mutual funds rated AAA- (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P or Aaa3 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s;

(i) instruments equivalent to those referred to in clauses (a) through (h) above denominated in euros or any other foreign currency comparable in credit quality and tenor to those referred to above and customarily used by corporations for cash management purposes in any jurisdiction outside the United States to the extent reasonably required in connection with any business conducted by any Subsidiary organized in such jurisdiction;

(j) investments, classified in accordance with GAAP as current assets of the Issuer or any Subsidiary, in money market investment programs that are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or that are administered by financial institutions having capital of at least $250,000,000 or its equivalent, and, in either case, the portfolios of which are limited such that substantially all of such investments are of the character, quality and maturity described in clauses (a) through (i) of this definition;

(k) with respect to any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States of America, any State, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia: (i) obligations of the national government of the country in which such Subsidiary maintains its chief executive office and principal place of business; provided such country is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, in each case maturing within one year after the date of investment therein, (ii) certificates of deposit of, bankers acceptances of, or time deposits with, any commercial bank which is organized and existing under the laws of the country in which such Subsidiary maintains its chief executive office and principal place of business; provided such country is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and whose short-term commercial paper rating from S&P is at least

 

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“A-2” or the equivalent thereof or from Moody’s is at least “P-2” or the equivalent thereof (any such bank being an “Approved Foreign Bank”), and in each case with maturities of not more than 24 months from the date of acquisition and (iii) the equivalent of demand deposit accounts which are maintained with an Approved Foreign Bank; and

(l) investment funds investing at least 90% of their assets in securities of the types described in clauses (a) through (k) above.

Permitted Refinancing” means, with respect to any Person, any modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension of any Indebtedness of such Person; provided that (a) the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) thereof does not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness so modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended except by an amount equal to unpaid accrued interest and premium thereon plus other amounts paid, and fees and expenses incurred, in connection with such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension and by an amount equal to any existing commitments unutilized thereunder; provided that the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) may exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness so modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended to the extent such excess amount (and the terms thereof) is otherwise permitted to be incurred under Section 5.01, (b) other than with respect to a Permitted Refinancing in respect of Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 5.01(a)(v), Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension has a final maturity date equal to or later than the final maturity date of, and has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of, the remaining term of the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended (provided, however, that, if such Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension constitutes term loans, amortization of such term loans, to the extent that it does not exceed 1.0% per annum, shall be disregarded in calculating the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such term loans), (c) immediately after giving effect thereto, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (d) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations, Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations on terms at least as favorable to the Holders as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended, (e) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is permitted pursuant to Section 5.01(a)(xxi) or (a)(xxii), such Indebtedness complies with the Required Additional Debt Terms, (f) the terms and conditions (including, if applicable, as to collateral but excluding as to subordination, interest rate (including whether such interest is payable in cash or in kind), rate floors, fees, discounts and redemption premium) of Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension are not, taken as a whole, materially less favorable to the Note Parties or the Holders than the terms and conditions of the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended (except for covenants or other provisions applicable to periods after the Final Maturity Date at the time such Indebtedness is incurred) (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Permitted Refinancing, the terms shall not be considered materially less favorable if such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (A) also added or modified for the benefit of any Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of such Permitted Refinancing or (B) only applicable after the Final Maturity Date at the time of such refinancing); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer delivered to the Trustee and the Holders at least five (5) Business Days prior to such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or drafts of the documentation relating thereto, stating that the Issuer has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions

 

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satisfy the foregoing requirement and (ii) the primary obligor in respect of, and/or the Persons (if any) that Guarantee, the Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension are the primary obligor in respect of, and/or Persons (if any) that Guaranteed the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended and (g) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is permitted pursuant to Section 5.01(a)(vii) or (a)(ix), the Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension is (x) unsecured if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is unsecured or (y) not secured on a more favorable basis than the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended if such Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is secured. For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that (x) notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, in the case of any Indebtedness incurred to modify, refinance, refunding, extend, renew or replace Indebtedness initially incurred in reliance on and measured by reference to a percentage of Consolidated EBITDA at the time of incurrence, and such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement would cause the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA to be exceeded if calculated based on the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA on the date of such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement, such percentage of Consolidated EBITDA restriction shall not be deemed to be exceeded so long as such incurrence otherwise constitutes a “Permitted Refinancing” and (y) a Permitted Refinancing may constitute a portion of an issuance of Indebtedness in excess of the amount of such Permitted Refinancing, provided that such excess includes successive Permitted Refinancings of the same Indebtedness.

Permitted Second Priority Debt” means (a) the Second Lien Facilities and (b) any Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt, in each case, permitted to be incurred pursuant to the terms of the Second Lien Indenture as in effect on the Issue Date (as it may be amended in accordance with the express terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement) and any Permitted Refinancing thereof.

Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt” means any secured Indebtedness incurred by the Issuer and/or any Subsidiary Note Party (and any Guarantee thereof by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent) in the form of one or more series of junior lien secured notes or junior lien secured loans; provided that (i) such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a junior lien, subordinate basis to the Notes Obligations and the obligations in respect of any Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt, (ii) such Indebtedness constitutes Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness, (iii) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the maturity of the Refinanced Debt, (iv) such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party, (v) the security agreements relating to such Indebtedness are on substantially the same terms as the Security Documents (with such differences as are reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party) and (vi) a Senior Representative acting on behalf of the holders of such Indebtedness shall have become party to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or a Customary Intercreditor Agreement, as applicable. Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt will include any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor.

Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt” means any unsecured Indebtedness incurred by the Issuer and/or any Note Party in the form of one or more series of senior unsecured notes or senior unsecured loans; provided that (i) such Indebtedness constitutes Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness, (ii) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the maturity of the Refinanced Debt, (iii) if such Indebtedness is guaranteed, such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party, and (iv) such Indebtedness is not secured by any Lien on any property or assets of Holdings, Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary. Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt will include any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor.

 

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Person” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.

Plan” means any employee pension benefit plan as such term is defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA (other than a Multiemployer Plan) subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, and in respect of which a Note Party or any ERISA Affiliate is an “employer” as defined in Section 3(5) of ERISA.

Post-Transaction Period” means, with respect to any Specified Transaction, the period beginning on the date such Specified Transaction is consummated and ending on the last day of the eighth full consecutive fiscal quarter immediately following the date on which such Specified Transaction is consummated.

Priority Obligation” means any obligation that is secured by a Lien on any Collateral in favor of a Governmental Authority, which Lien ranks or is capable of ranking prior to or pari passu with the Liens created thereon by the applicable Security Documents, including any such Lien securing amounts owing for wages, vacation pay, severance pay, employee deductions, sales tax, excise tax, other Taxes, workers’ compensation, governmental royalties and stumpage or pension fund obligations.

Private Placement Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.06(g)(i) hereof to be placed on all Notes issued under this Indenture, except where otherwise permitted by the provisions of this Indenture.

Pro Forma Adjustment” means, for any Test Period that includes all or any part of a fiscal quarter included in any Post-Transaction Period with respect to the Acquired EBITDA of the applicable Pro Forma Entity or the Consolidated EBITDA of the Issuer, the pro forma increase or decrease in such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, projected by the Issuer in good faith as a result of (a) actions taken, prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period, for the purposes of realizing reasonably identifiable and quantifiable cost savings, or (b) any additional costs incurred prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period in connection with the combination of the operations of such Pro Forma Entity with the operations of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that (A) so long as such actions are taken prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period or such costs are incurred prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period it may be assumed, for purposes of projecting such pro forma increase or decrease to such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, that such cost savings will be realizable during the entirety of such Test Period, or such additional costs will be incurred during the entirety of such Test Period, (B) any Pro Forma Adjustment to Consolidated EBITDA shall be certified by a Financial Officer, the chief executive officer or president of the Issuer and (C) any such pro forma increase or decrease to such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, shall be without duplication for cost savings or additional costs already included in such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, for such Test Period.

Pro Forma Basis,” “Pro Forma Compliance” and “Pro Forma Effect” mean, with respect to compliance with any test, financial ratio or covenant hereunder required by the terms of this Indenture to be made on a Pro Forma Basis or after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, that (a) to the extent applicable, the Pro Forma Adjustment shall have been made and (b) all Specified Transactions and the following transactions in connection therewith that have been made during the applicable period of measurement or subsequent to such period and prior to or simultaneously with the event for which the calculation is made shall be deemed to have occurred as of the first day of the applicable period of measurement in such test,

 

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financial ratio or covenant: (i) income statement items (whether positive or negative) attributable to the property or Person subject to such Specified Transaction, (A) in the case of a Disposition of all or substantially all Equity Interests in any subsidiary of Holdings or any division, product line, or facility used for operations of Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries, shall be excluded and (B) in the case of a Permitted Acquisition or Investment described in the definition of “Specified Transaction,” shall be included, (ii) any retirement of Indebtedness, and (iii) any Indebtedness incurred or assumed by Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries in connection therewith and if such Indebtedness has a floating or formula rate, shall have an implied rate of interest for the applicable period for purposes of this definition determined by utilizing the rate that is or would be in effect with respect to such Indebtedness as at the relevant date of determination and interest on any Indebtedness under a revolving credit facility computed on a pro forma basis shall be computed based upon the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during the applicable period; provided that, without limiting the application of the Pro Forma Adjustment pursuant to clause (a) above, the foregoing pro forma adjustments may be applied to any such test or covenant solely to the extent that such adjustments are consistent with the definition of Consolidated EBITDA and give effect to operating expense reductions that are (i) (x) directly attributable to such transaction, (y) expected to have a continuing impact on Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries and (z) factually supportable or (ii) otherwise consistent with the definition of Pro Forma Adjustment. References herein to Pro Forma Compliance or compliance on a Pro Forma Basis with the Financial Performance Covenant shall mean Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant whether or not then in effect.

Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment” means, for any Test Period that includes all or a portion of a fiscal quarter included in any Post-Transaction Period with respect to any Sold Entity or Business, the pro forma increase or decrease in Consolidated EBITDA projected by the Issuer in good faith as a result of contractual arrangements between the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary entered into with such Sold Entity or Business at the time of its disposal or within the Post-Transaction Period and which represent an increase or decrease in Consolidated EBITDA which is incremental to the Disposed EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business for the most recent Test Period prior to its disposal.

Purchaser” means (a) each Initial Purchaser and (b) each Related Purchaser (if any).

QIB” means a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A.

Qualified Equity Interests” means Equity Interests of Holdings or the Issuer other than Disqualified Equity Interests.

Qualified Securitization Facility” means any Securitization Facility that meets the following conditions: (a) the board of directors of the Issuer shall have determined in good faith that such Securitization Facility (including financing terms, covenants, termination events and other provisions) is in the aggregate economically fair and reasonable to the Issuer and the applicable Securitization Subsidiary and (b) the financing terms, covenants, termination events and other provisions thereof shall be market terms (as determined in good faith by the Issuer).

Record Date” for the interest payable on any applicable Interest Payment Date means March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 (whether or not a Business Day) next preceding such Interest Payment Date.

Refinancing Facility” means Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness incurred under the Credit Agreement and issued, incurred or otherwise obtained by the Issuer (including by means of the extension or renewal of existing Indebtedness) in exchange for, or to extend, renew, replace or refinance, in whole or part, Term Loans or Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement; provided that such

 

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exchanging, extending, renewing, replacing or refinancing Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness (a) is in an original aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans or Revolving Commitments being refinanced, exchanged, extended, renewed or replaced (plus any premium, accrued interest and fees and expenses incurred in connection with such exchange, extension, renewal, replacement or refinancing), (b) does not mature earlier than or, other than in the case of a Refinancing Facility in respect of the Revolving Commitments, have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity shorter than the remaining term of the Term Loans or Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement being exchanged, extended, renewed, replaced or refinanced, (c) will be unsecured or will rank pari passu or junior in right of payment and of security with the Notes, (d) will have such pricing and optional prepayment terms as may be reasonably agreed by the Issuer and the lenders thereof and (e) the Net Proceeds of such Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness shall be applied, substantially concurrently with the incurrence thereof, to the prepayment of outstanding Term Loans or reduction of Revolving Commitments being so refinanced, as the case may be.

Regulation S” means Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act.

Regulation S Global Note” means a Regulation S Temporary Global Note or Regulation S Permanent Global Note, as applicable.

Regulation S Permanent Global Note” means a permanent Global Note in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Note Legend and the Private Placement Legend and deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Regulation S Temporary Global Note upon expiration of the Restricted Period.

Regulation S Temporary Global Note” means a temporary Global Note in the form of Exhibit A hereto bearing the Global Note Legend, the Private Placement Legend and the Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend and deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, issued in a denomination equal to the outstanding principal amount of the Notes initially sold or to be sold in reliance on Rule 903.

Registered Equivalent Notes” means, with respect to any notes originally issued in a Rule 144A or other private placement transaction under the Securities Act of 1933, substantially identical notes (having the same Guarantees) issued in a dollar-for-dollar exchange therefor pursuant to an exchange offer registered with the SEC.

Related Purchasers” means (a) each affiliated investment entity and/or other affiliate of an Account and (b) each fund, investor, entity or account that is managed, sponsored or advised by an Account or its affiliates that, in each case of clauses (a) and (b), executes the Note Purchase Agreement or a counterpart to the Note Purchase Agreement pursuant to Section 9.2(c) thereof (or otherwise becomes a Beneficial Owner of Notes) or to which any Notes (or beneficial interests therein) or commitments to purchase Notes are transferred or assigned.

Release” means any release, spill, emission, leaking, dumping, injection, pouring, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migration into or through the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) and including the environment within any building, or any occupied structure, facility or fixture.

 

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Required Additional Debt Terms” means with respect to any Indebtedness, (a) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date), (b) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default or, if term loans, excess cash flow prepayments applicable to periods before the Final Maturity Date) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the Final Maturity Date, (c) such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Note Party and (d) such Indebtedness that is secured (i) is not secured by any assets not securing the Notes Obligations, (ii) is subject to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and/or a Customary Intercreditor Agreement(s), as applicable; provided that the conditions in clauses (a) and (b) shall not apply to an ABL Facility.

Required Amount” means more than 50% of the aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.

Required Holders” means Holders of the Required Amount.

Requirements of Law” means, with respect to any Person, any statutes, laws, treaties, rules, regulations, statutory instruments, orders, decrees, writs, injunctions or determinations of any arbitrator or court or other Governmental Authority, in each case applicable to or binding upon such Person or any of its property or to which such Person or any of its property is subject.

Responsible Officer” means (i) when used with respect to the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, any officer within the corporate trust department of the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, assistant treasurer, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter relating to this Indenture is referred because of such Person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who, in each case, shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture, and (ii) when used with respect to a Note Party, the chief executive officer, president, vice president, chief financial officer, treasurer or assistant treasurer, or other similar officer, manager or a member of the Board of Directors of a Note Party and with respect to certain limited liability companies or partnerships that do not have officers, any manager, sole member, managing member or general partner thereof, and as to any document delivered on the Issue Date or thereafter pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” any secretary or assistant secretary of a Note Party. Any document delivered hereunder that is signed by a Responsible Officer of a Note Party shall be conclusively presumed to have been authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership and/or other action on the part of such Note Party and such Responsible Officer shall be conclusively presumed to have acted on behalf of such Note Party.

Restricted Definitive Note” means a Definitive Note bearing the Private Placement Legend.

Restricted Global Note” means a Global Note bearing the Private Placement Legend.

Restricted Payment” means any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) with respect to any Equity Interests in the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, or any payment (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Equity Interests in the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any option, warrant or other right to acquire any such Equity Interests in the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary.

 

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Restricted Period” means the 40-day distribution compliance period as defined in Regulation S.

Restricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of the Issuer, other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Revolving Commitment” means the commitments of lenders or other creditors to make revolving loans and acquire participations in letters of credit and/or swingline loans under the Credit Agreement.

Revolving Loans” means revolving loans, swingline loans and reimbursement obligations in respect of letters of credit pursuant to Revolving Commitments under the Credit Agreement.

S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC business, and any successor to its rating agency business.

Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act.

Rule 144A” means Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act.

Rule 903” means Rule 903 promulgated under the Securities Act.

Rule 904” means Rule 904 promulgated under the Securities Act.

SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any of its principal functions.

Second Lien Debt Documents” means the “Notes Documents” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Debt Document Obligations” means the “Notes Obligations” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Facilities” means the notes under the Second Lien Indenture on the Issue Date.

Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt” means the “Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Indenture” means the Indenture dated as of December 13, 2019, by and among Holdings, the Borrower, each other Note Party, the Second Lien Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

Second Lien Notes” means the “Notes” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent” means Wilmington Trust, National Association, in its capacity as collateral agent under the Second Lien Indenture, and its successors in such capacity as provided in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Trustee” means Wilmington Trust, National Association, in its capacity as trustee under the Second Lien Indenture and the other Second Lien Debt Documents, and its successors in such capacity as provided in the Second Lien Indenture.

 

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Second Lien Security Documents” means the “Security Documents” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Secured Parties” means (a) each Holder, (b) the Trustee, (c) the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, (d) each Purchaser, (e) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by any Note Party under any Notes Document and (f) the permitted successors and assigns of each of the foregoing.

Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.

Securitization Assets” means the accounts receivable, royalty and other similar rights to payment and any other assets related thereto subject to a Qualified Securitization Facility that are customarily sold or pledged in connection with securitization transactions and the proceeds thereof.

Securitization Facility” means any of one or more receivables securitization financing facilities as amended, supplemented, modified, extended, renewed, restated or refunded from time to time, the obligations of which are non-recourse (except for customary representations, warranties and indemnities made in connection with such facilities) to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than a Securitization Subsidiary) pursuant to which the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary sells or grants a security interest in its accounts receivable or assets related thereto that are customarily sold or pledged in connection with securitization transactions to either (a) a Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary or (b) a Securitization Subsidiary that in turn sells its accounts receivable to a Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary.

Securitization Fees” means distributions or payments made directly or by means of discounts with respect to any participation interest issued or sold in connection with, and other fees paid to a Person that is not a Securitization Subsidiary in connection with, any Qualified Securitization Facility.

Securitization Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary formed for the purpose of, and that solely engages only in one or more Qualified Securitization Facilities and other activities reasonably related thereto.

Security Documents” means the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the Mortgages, the Intellectual Property Security Agreements and each other security agreement or pledge agreement executed and delivered pursuant to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, Section 4.05 or 4.14 to secure any of the Notes Obligations.

Senior Representative” means, with respect to any series of Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to be secured by the Collateral on a pari passu or junior basis to the Notes Obligations, the trustee, administrative agent, collateral agent, security agent or similar agent under the indenture or agreement pursuant to which such Indebtedness is issued, incurred or otherwise obtained, as the case may be, and each of their successors in such capacities.

Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Senior Secured First Lien Net Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period.

Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Senior Secured Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period.

 

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Settlement” means the transfer of cash or other property with respect to any credit or debit card charge, check or other instrument, electronic funds transfer, or other type of paper-based or electronic payment, transfer, or charge transaction for which a Person acts as a processor, remitter, funds recipient or funds transmitter in the ordinary course of its business.

Settlement Asset” means any cash, receivable or other property, including a Settlement Receivable, due or conveyed to a Person in consideration for a Settlement made or arranged, or to be made or arranged, by such Person or an Affiliate of such Person.

Settlement Indebtedness” means any payment or reimbursement obligation in respect of a Settlement Payment.

Settlement Lien” means any Lien relating to any Settlement or Settlement Indebtedness (and may include, for the avoidance of doubt, the grant of a Lien in or other assignment of a Settlement Asset in consideration of a Settlement Payment, Liens securing intraday and overnight overdraft and automated clearing house exposure, and similar Liens).

Settlement Payment” means the transfer, or contractual undertaking (including by automated clearing house transaction) to effect a transfer, of cash or other property to effect a Settlement.

Settlement Receivable” means any general intangible, payment intangible, or instrument representing or reflecting an obligation to make payments to or for the benefit of a Person in consideration for a Settlement made or arranged, or to be made or arranged, by such Person.

Sold Entity or Business” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of the term “Consolidated EBITDA.”

Specified Event of Default” means an Event of Default under Section 6.01(a), (b), (h) or (i).

Specified Transaction” means, with respect to any period, any Investment, sale, transfer or other disposition of assets, incurrence or repayment of Indebtedness, Restricted Payment, subsidiary designation, New Project or other event that by the terms of the Notes Documents requires “Pro Forma Compliance” with a test or covenant hereunder or requires such test or covenant to be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto.

Sponsor” means Warburg Pincus LLC, GTCR LLC and each of their respective Affiliates, but not including, however, any portfolio companies of the foregoing.

Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Issuer (unless otherwise specified).

Subsidiary Note Party” means each Subsidiary of the Issuer that is a party to this Indenture.

Swap Agreement” means (a) any and all rate swap transactions, basis swaps, credit derivative transactions, forward rate transactions, commodity swaps, commodity options, forward commodity contracts, equity or equity index swaps or options, bond or bond price or bond index swaps or options or forward bond or forward bond price or forward bond index transactions, interest rate options, forward foreign exchange transactions, cap transactions, floor transactions, collar transactions, currency swap transactions, cross-currency rate swap transactions, currency options, spot contracts, or any other

 

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similar transactions or any combination of any of the foregoing (including any options to enter into any of the foregoing), whether or not any such transaction is governed by or subject to any master agreement, and (b) any and all transactions of any kind, and the related confirmations, which are subject to the terms and conditions of, or governed by, any form of master agreement published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., any International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement, or any other master agreement (any such master agreement, together with any related schedules, a “Master Agreement”), including any such obligations or liabilities under any Master Agreement.

Taxes” means any and all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, charges or withholdings imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

Term Loans” means term loans incurred pursuant to the Credit Agreement.

Test Period” means, at any date of determination, the most recent twelve consecutive months of the Issuer ended on or prior to such time, in respect of which the financial information necessary to calculate the relevant ratio is internally available.

Total Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Total Net Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period.

Trademark” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

Transaction Costs” means all fees, costs and expenses incurred or payable by Holdings, the Issuer or any other Subsidiary in connection with the Transactions.

Transactions” means the (a) the Acquisition, (b) the execution, delivery and performance by each Note Party of the Notes Documents to which it is to be a party and (c) the issuance of the Notes hereunder and the use of proceeds thereof.

Treasury Rate” means the weekly average for each Business Day during the most recent week that has ended at least two Business Days prior to the Redemption Date of the yield to maturity at the time of computation of United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity (as compiled and published in the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (or, if such statistical release is not so published or available, any publicly available source of similar market data selected by the Issuer in good faith)) most nearly equal to the period from the Redemption Date to July 31, 2021; provided, however, that if the period from the Redemption Date to July 31, 2021 is not equal to the constant maturity of a United States Treasury security for which a yield is given, the Treasury Rate shall be obtained by linear interpolation (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth of a year) from the yields of United States Treasury securities for which such yields are given, except that if the period from the Redemption Date to such applicable date is less than one year, the weekly average yield on actually traded United States Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year shall be used.

Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended from time to time.

Trustee” means Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee, until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder.

 

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UCC” or “Uniform Commercial Code” means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time in the State of New York; provided, however, that, at any time, if by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the perfection or priority of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s security interest in any item or portion of the Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a U.S. jurisdiction other than the State of New York, the term “UCC” and “Uniform Commercial Code” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect, at such time, in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection or priority and for purposes of definitions relating to such provisions.

Unrestricted Definitive Note” means one or more Definitive Notes that do not bear and are not required to bear the Private Placement Legend.

Unrestricted Global Note” means a permanent Global Note, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto that bears the Global Note Legend and that has the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto, and that is deposited with or on behalf of and registered in the name of the Depositary, representing Notes that do not bear the Private Placement Legend.

Unrestricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary designated by the Issuer as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to Section 4.15 subsequent to the Issue Date.

U.S. Person” means a U.S. Person as defined in Rule 902(k) promulgated under the Securities Act.

U.S.A. PATRIOT Act” means the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, as amended from time to time.

Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing: (a) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (i) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, by (ii) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by (b) the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness.

Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary that is a Wholly Owned Subsidiary.

Wholly Owned Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person at any date, a subsidiary of such Person of which securities or other ownership interests representing 100% of the Equity Interests (other than (a) directors’ qualifying shares and (b) nominal shares issued to foreign nationals to the extent required by applicable Requirements of Law) are, as of such date, owned, controlled or held by such Person or one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person.

Withdrawal Liability” means liability to a Multiemployer Plan as a result of a complete or partial withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan, as such terms are defined in Part I of Subtitle E of Title IV of ERISA.

 

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Section 1.02 Other Definitions.

 

Term

   Defined in Section

“Acquired Debt”

   5.01(a)(xvii)(A)

“Acquired Entity or Business”

   “Consolidated EBITDA”

“Adjusted LIBOR Rate”

   Exhibit A

“Applicable Rate”

   Exhibit A

“Approved Bank”

   “Permitted Investments”

“Approved Foreign Bank”

   “Permitted Investments”

“Authentication Order”

   2.02

“ASU”

   Capital Lease Obligations

“Calculation Agent”

   13.17

“Converted Restricted Subsidiary”

   “Consolidated EBITDA”

“Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary”

   “Consolidated EBITDA”

“Covenant Defeasance”

   8.03

“Dispose” and “Disposition”

   5.05

“DTC”

   2.03

“Event of Default”

   6.01

“First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt”

   5.01(a)(xxii)

“Fixed Amount”

   1.04(p)

“Guaranteed Obligations”

   10.01

“Incurrence Based Amount”

   1.04(p)

“Indemnitee”

   7.07

“Initial Credit Agreement Agent”

   “Credit Agreement”

“Initial Holdings”

   Preamble

“Interest Payment Date”

   Exhibit A

“Interest Period”

   Exhibit A

“LCT Election”

   1.06

“LCT Test Date”

   1.06

“Legal Defeasance”

   8.02

“Master Agreement”

   “Swap Agreement”

“Note Register”

   2.03

“Offer Amount”

   3.09(d)

“Offer Period”

   3.09(d)

“Pari Passu Indebtedness”

   3.09(d)

“Paying Agent”

   2.03

“Pro Forma Entity”

   “Acquired EBITDA”

“Purchase Date”

   3.09(d)

“Redemption Date”

   3.09(a)

“Redemption Offer”

   3.09(d)

“Refinanced Debt”

   “Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness”

“Registrar”

   2.03

“Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend”

   2.06(g)(iii)

“Retained Declined Proceeds”

   3.09(d)

“Starter Basket”

   “Available Amount”

“Tax Distributions”

   5.07(a)(vii)(A)

“Tax Group”

   5.07(a)(vii)(A)

 

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Section 1.03 Incorporation by Reference of Certain Provisions of the Trust Indenture Act.

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the Trust Indenture Act, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture.

The following Trust Indenture Act term used in this Indenture has the following meaning:

obligor” on the Notes and the Notes Guarantees means the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors, respectively, and any successor obligor upon the Notes and the Notes Guarantees, respectively.

All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act, defined by Trust Indenture Act reference to another statute or defined by SEC rules under the Trust Indenture Act have the meanings so assigned to them.

Section 1.04 Rules of Construction.

Unless the context otherwise requires, for purposes of this Indenture and the other Notes Documents:

(a) a term has the meaning assigned to it;

(b) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

(c) “or” is not exclusive;

(d) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;

(e) “will” shall be interpreted to express a command (and shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”);

(f) provisions apply to successive events and transactions;

(g) references to sections of, or rules under, the Securities Act shall be deemed to include substitute, replacement or successor sections or rules adopted by the SEC from time to time;

(h) unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an “Article,” “Section,” “clause” or “Exhibit” refers to an Article, Section, clause or Exhibit, as the case may be, of this Indenture;

(i) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not any particular Article, Section, clause, other subdivision or Exhibit;

(j) whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms;

(k) the words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”;

 

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(l) unless the context requires otherwise, (a) unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, any definition of or reference to any agreement (including this Indenture and the other Notes Documents), instrument or other document herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, restatements, supplements or other modifications set forth herein), (b) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns (subject to any restrictions on assignment set forth herein) and, in the case of any Governmental Authority, any other Governmental Authority that shall have succeeded to any or all functions thereof, (c) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Indenture in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof, (d) all references herein to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, this Indenture and (e) the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights;

(m) all accounting terms not specifically or completely defined herein shall be construed in conformity with, and all financial data (including financial ratios and other financial calculations) required to be submitted pursuant to this Indenture shall be prepared in conformity with, GAAP, applied in a manner consistent with that used in preparing the Audited Financial Statements, except as otherwise specifically prescribed herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all obligations of Holdings, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries that are or would have been treated as operating leases for purposes of GAAP prior to the issuance on February 25, 2016 of the ASU shall continue to be accounted for as operating leases for purposes of all financial definitions and calculations for purposes of the Notes Documents (whether or not such operating lease obligations were in effect on such date) notwithstanding the fact that such obligations are required in accordance with the ASU (on a prospective or retroactive basis or otherwise) to be treated as capitalized lease obligations in the financial statements to be delivered pursuant to the Notes Documents;

(n) notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, for purposes of determining compliance with any test contained in this Indenture, the Total Net Leverage Ratio, the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio and any other financial ratio or test shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis, including to give effect to all Specified Transactions that have been made during the applicable period of measurement or subsequent to such period and prior to or simultaneously with the event for which the calculation is made, and in making any determination on a Pro Forma Basis, such calculations shall be made in good faith by a Financial Officer and shall be conclusive absent manifest error;

(o) for purposes of determining compliance with any of the covenants set forth in Article 4 or Article 5 (including in connection with any First Lien Incremental Facility) at any time (whether at the time of incurrence or thereafter), any Lien, Investment, Indebtedness, Restricted Payment, Disposition or Affiliate transaction meets the criteria of one, or more than one, of the categories permitted pursuant to Article 4 or Article 5 (including in connection with any First Lien Incremental Facility), the Issuer (i) shall in its sole discretion determine under which category such Lien (other than Liens securing the Notes Obligations and the Liens securing the Permitted Second Priority Debt incurred on the Issue Date), Investment, Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness incurred under the First Lien Loan Documents and the Permitted Second Priority Debt incurred under the Second Lien Loan Documents on the Issue Date), Disposition, Restricted Payment or Affiliate transaction (or, in each case, any portion there) is permitted and (ii) shall be permitted, in its sole discretion, to make any redetermination and/or to divide, classify or reclassify under which category or categories such Lien, Investment, Indebtedness, Disposition, Restricted Payment or Affiliate transaction is permitted from time to time as it may determine and without notice to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder, so long as at the time of such redesignation the Issuer would be permitted to incur such Lien, Investment, Indebtedness or Restricted Payment under such category or categories, as applicable. For the avoidance of doubt, if the applicable date for meeting any requirement hereunder or under any other Notes Document falls on a day that is not a Business Day, compliance with such requirement shall not be required until noon on the first Business Day following such applicable date;

 

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(p) notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, with respect to any amounts incurred or transactions entered into (or consummated) in reliance on a provision of this Indenture that does not require compliance with a financial ratio or test (including, without limitation, any Total Net Leverage Ratio, Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio and/or Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio) (any such amounts, the “Fixed Amounts”) substantially concurrently with any amounts incurred or transactions entered into (or consummated) in reliance on a provision of this Indenture that requires compliance with any such financial ratio or test (any such amounts, the “Incurrence Based Amounts”), it is understood and agreed that the Fixed Amounts (and any cash proceeds thereof) shall be disregarded in the calculation of the financial ratio or test applicable to the Incurrence Based Amounts in connection with such substantially concurrent incurrence, except that incurrences of Indebtedness and Liens constituting Fixed Amounts shall be taken into account for purposes of Incurrence Based Amounts other than Incurrence Based Amounts contained in Section 5.01 or Section 5.02; and

(q) unless otherwise provided in this Indenture or in any Note, the words “execute”, “execution”, “signed”, and “signature” and words of similar import used in or related to any document to be signed in connection with this Indenture, any Note or any of the transactions contemplated hereby (including amendments, waivers, consents and other modifications) shall be deemed to include electronic signatures and the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature in ink or the use of a paper-based record keeping system, as applicable, to the fullest extent and as provided for in any Applicable Law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, and any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, provided that, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trustee is not under any obligation to agree to accept electronic signatures in any form or in any format unless expressly agreed to by the Trustee pursuant to procedures approved by the Trustee.

Section 1.05 Acts of Holders.

(a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing. Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments or record or both are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Issuer. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or the holding by any Person of a Note, shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 7.01) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Issuer, if made in the manner provided in this Section 1.05.

(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by the certificate of any notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by or on behalf of any legal entity other than an individual, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute proof of the authority of the Person executing the same. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient.

(c) The ownership of Notes shall be proved by the Note Register.

 

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(d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action by the Holder of any Note shall bind every future Holder of the same Note and the Holder of every Note issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof, in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by the Trustee or the Issuer in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Note.

(e) The Issuer may, in the circumstances permitted by the Trust Indenture Act, set a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders entitled to give any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or take any other act, or to vote or consent to any action by vote or consent authorized or permitted to be given or taken by Holders. Unless otherwise specified, if not set by the Issuer prior to the first solicitation of a Holder made by any Person in respect of any such action, or in the case of any such vote, prior to such vote, any such record date shall be the later of 30 days prior to the first solicitation of such consent or the date of the most recent list of Holders furnished to the Trustee prior to such solicitation.

(f) Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Note may do so with regard to all or any part of the principal amount of such Note or by one or more duly appointed agents, each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any part of such principal amount. Any notice given or action taken by a Holder or its agents with regard to different parts of such principal amount pursuant to this Section 1.05(f) shall have the same effect as if given or taken by separate Holders of each such different part.

(g) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, a Holder, including DTC that is the Holder of a Global Note, may make, give or take, by a proxy or proxies duly appointed in writing, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided in this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders, and DTC that is the Holder of a Global Note may provide its proxy or proxies to the Beneficial Owners of interests in any such Global Note through such depositary’s standing instructions and customary practices.

(h) The Issuer may fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Persons who are Beneficial Owners of interests in any Global Note held by DTC entitled under the procedures of such depositary to make, give or take, by a proxy or proxies duly appointed in writing, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided in this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders. If such a record date is fixed, the Holders on such record date or their duly appointed proxy or proxies, and only such Persons, shall be entitled to make, give or take such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date. No such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action shall be valid or effective if made, given or taken more than 90 days after such record date.

 

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Section 1.06 Limited Condition Transactions. Notwithstanding anything in this Indenture or any Notes Document to the contrary, when calculating any applicable ratio, the amount or availability of the Incremental Cap, the amount or availability of the Available Amount or any other basket based on Consolidated EBITDA or total assets, or determining other compliance with this Indenture (including the determination of compliance with any provision of this Indenture which requires that no Default or Event of Default has occurred, is continuing or would result therefrom) in connection with the consummation of a Limited Condition Transaction, the date of determination of such ratio, the amount or availability of the Incremental Cap, the amount or availability of the Available Amount or any other basket based on Consolidated EBITDA or total assets, and determination of whether any Default or Event of Default has occurred, is continuing or would result therefrom or other applicable covenant shall, at the option of the Issuer (the Issuer’s election to exercise such option in connection with any Limited Condition Transaction, an “LCT Election”), be deemed to be the date the definitive agreements for such Limited Condition Transaction are entered into (or, in respect of any transaction described in clause (b) of the definition of Limited Condition Transaction, delivery of irrevocable notice or similar event) (the “LCT Test Date”) and if, after such ratios and other provisions are measured on a Pro Forma Basis after giving effect to such Limited Condition Transaction and the other Specified Transactions to be entered into in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) as if they occurred at the beginning of the applicable Test Period ending prior to the LCT Test Date, the Issuer could have taken such action on the relevant LCT Test Date in compliance with such ratios and provisions, such provisions shall be deemed to have been complied with; provided that at the option of the Issuer, the relevant ratios and baskets may be recalculated at the time of consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction. For the avoidance of doubt, (x) if any of such ratios or baskets are exceeded as a result of fluctuations in such ratio or basket (including due to fluctuations in Consolidated EBITDA of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries or fluctuations of the target of any Limited Condition Transaction) at or prior to the consummation of the relevant Limited Condition Transaction, such ratios and other provisions will not be deemed to have been exceeded as a result of such fluctuations solely for purposes of determining whether the Limited Condition Transaction is permitted hereunder and (y) such ratios and other provisions shall not be tested at the time of consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction or related Specified Transactions. If the Issuer has made an LCT Election for any Limited Condition Transaction, then in connection with any subsequent calculation of any ratio or basket availability with respect to any other Specified Transaction on or following the relevant LCT Test Date and prior to the earlier of the date on which such Limited Condition Transaction is consummated or the date that the definitive agreement for such Limited Condition Transaction is terminated or expires without consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction (or, if applicable, the irrevocable notice or similar event is terminated or expires), any such ratio or basket shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis assuming such Limited Condition Transaction and other transactions in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) have been consummated until such time as the applicable Limited Condition Transaction has actually closed or the definitive agreement with respect thereto has been terminated or expires.

ARTICLE 2

THE NOTES

Section 2.01 Form and Dating; Terms.

(a) General. The Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto. The Notes may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rules or usage. Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication. The Notes shall be in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof.

 

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(b) Global Notes. Notes issued in global form shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto (including the Global Note Legend thereon and the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto). Notes issued in definitive form shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto (but without the Global Note Legend thereon and without the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto). Each Global Note shall represent such of the outstanding Notes as shall be specified in the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto and each shall provide that it shall represent up to the aggregate principal amount of Notes from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby may from time to time be reduced or increased, as applicable, to reflect exchanges and redemptions. Any endorsement of a Global Note to reflect the amount of any increase or decrease in the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee or the Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, in accordance with Section 2.06 hereof.

(c) Temporary Global Notes. Notes offered and sold in reliance on Regulation S shall be issued initially in the form of the Regulation S Temporary Global Note, which shall be deposited on behalf of the purchasers of the Notes represented thereby with the Trustee, as custodian for the Depositary, and registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of the Depositary for the accounts of designated agents holding on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, duly executed by the Issuer and authenticated by the Trustee as hereinafter provided.

Following the termination of the Restricted Period, beneficial interests in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note shall be exchanged for beneficial interests in the Regulation S Permanent Global Note pursuant to the Applicable Procedures. Simultaneously with the authentication of the Regulation S Permanent Global Note, the Trustee shall cancel the Regulation S Temporary Global Note. The aggregate principal amount of the Regulation S Temporary Global Note and the Regulation S Permanent Global Note may from time to time be increased or decreased by adjustments made on the records of the Trustee and the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, in connection with transfers of interest as hereinafter provided.

(d) Terms.

(i) The aggregate principal amount of Notes that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is limited to $100,000,000.

(ii) The terms and provisions contained in the Notes shall constitute, and are hereby expressly made, a part of this Indenture and the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, by their execution and delivery of this Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be bound thereby. However, to the extent any provision of any Note conflicts with the express provisions of this Indenture, the provisions of this Indenture shall govern and be controlling.

(iii) The Notes shall be subject to repurchase by the Issuer pursuant to a Redemption Offer as provided in Section 3.09 hereof. The Notes shall not be redeemable, other than as provided in Article 3.

(e) Euroclear and Clearstream Procedures Applicable. The provisions of the “Operating Procedures of the Euroclear System” and “Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear” and the “General Terms and Conditions of Clearstream Banking” and “Customer Handbook” of Clearstream shall be applicable to transfers of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note and the Regulation S Permanent Global Notes that are held by Participants through Euroclear or Clearstream.

 

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Section 2.02 Execution and Authentication.

One Responsible Officer of the Issuer shall execute the Notes on behalf of the Issuer by manual, facsimile or other electronic signature.

If a Responsible Officer of the Issuer whose signature is on a Note no longer holds that office at the time a Note is authenticated, the Note shall nevertheless be valid.

A Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose until authenticated substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto by the manual signature of the Trustee. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Note has been duly authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

On the Issue Date, the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Issuer Order (an “Authentication Order”), authenticate and deliver Initial Notes that may be validly issued under this Indenture.

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Issuer to authenticate Notes. An authenticating agent may authenticate Notes whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with Holders or an Affiliate of the Issuer.

Section 2.03 Registrar and Paying Agent.

The Issuer shall maintain an office or agency where Notes may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (“Registrar”) and an office or agency where Notes may be presented for payment (“Paying Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register of the Notes (“Note Register”) and of their transfer and exchange. The Issuer may appoint one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents. The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar and the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent. The Issuer may change any Paying Agent or Registrar without prior notice to any Holder. The Issuer shall notify the Trustee in writing of the name and address of any Agent not a party to this Indenture. If the Issuer fails to appoint or maintain another entity as Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such. The Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries may act as Paying Agent or Registrar.

The Issuer initially appoints The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) to act as Depositary with respect to the Global Notes.

The Issuer initially appoints the Trustee to act as the Paying Agent and Registrar for the Notes and to act as Custodian with respect to the Global Notes.

Section 2.04 Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.

The Issuer shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Holders or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, and shall notify the Trustee of any default by the Issuer in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Issuer at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Issuer or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Issuer or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of the Holders all money held by it as Paying Agent. Upon any bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings relating to the Issuer, the Trustee shall serve as Paying Agent for the Notes.

 

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Section 2.05 Holder Lists.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of all Holders and shall otherwise comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Issuer shall furnish to the Trustee at least five Business Days before each Interest Payment Date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the Holders of Notes and the Issuer shall otherwise comply with Trust Indenture Act Section 312(a).

Section 2.06 Transfer and Exchange.

(a) Transfer and Exchange of Global Notes. Except as otherwise set forth in this Section 2.06, a Global Note may be transferred, in whole and not in part, only to another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such successor Depositary. A beneficial interest in a Global Note may not be exchanged for a Definitive Note unless (i) the Depositary (x) notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Note or (y) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and, in either case, a successor Depositary is not appointed by the Issuer within 120 days of such notice, (ii) the Issuer, at its option, notifies the Trustee in writing that it elects to cause the issuance of Definitive Notes (provided that Regulation S Global Notes at the Issuer’s election pursuant to this clause may not be exchanged for Definitive Notes prior to (a) the expiration of the Restricted Period and (b) the receipt of any certificates required under the provisions of Regulation S) or (iii) there shall have occurred and be continuing a Default with respect to the Notes and the Depositary requests that one or more Definitive Notes be issued. Upon the occurrence of any of the preceding events in (i), (ii) or (iii) above, Definitive Notes delivered in exchange for any Global Note or beneficial interests therein will be registered in the names, and issued in any approved denominations, requested by or on behalf of the Depositary (in accordance with its customary procedures). Global Notes also may be exchanged or replaced, in whole or in part, as provided in Section 2.07 and 2.10 hereof. Every Note authenticated and delivered in exchange for, or in lieu of, a Global Note or any portion thereof, pursuant to this Section 2.06, Section 2.07 or Section 2.10 hereof, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Note, except for Definitive Notes issued subsequent to any of the preceding events in (i) or (ii) above and pursuant to Sections 2.06(b)(iii)(B) and 2.06(c) hereof. A Global Note may not be exchanged for another Note other than as provided in this Section 2.06(a); provided, however, beneficial interests in a Global Note may be transferred and exchanged as provided in Section 2.06(b) or (c) hereof.

(b) Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in the Global Notes. The transfer and exchange of beneficial interests in the Global Notes shall be effected through the Depositary, in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and the Applicable Procedures. Beneficial interests in the Restricted Global Notes shall be subject to restrictions on transfer comparable to those set forth herein to the extent required by the Securities Act. Transfers of beneficial interests in the Global Notes also shall require compliance with either subparagraph (i) or (ii) below, as applicable, as well as one or more of the other following subparagraphs, as applicable:

(i) Transfer of Beneficial Interests in the Same Global Note. Beneficial interests in any Restricted Global Note may be transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the same Restricted Global Note in accordance with the transfer restrictions and procedures set forth in the Private Placement Legend; provided, however, that prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period, transfers of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note may not be made to a U.S. Person or for the account or benefit of a U.S. Person (other than a Purchaser or pursuant to Rule 144A). Beneficial interests in any Unrestricted Global Note may be transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note. No written orders or instructions shall be required to be delivered to the Registrar to effect the transfers described in this Section 2.06(b)(i).

 

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(ii) All Other Transfers and Exchanges of Beneficial Interests in Global Notes. In connection with all transfers and exchanges of beneficial interests that are not subject to Section 2.06(b)(i) hereof, the transferor of such beneficial interest must deliver to the Registrar either (A) (1) a written order from a Participant or an Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to credit or cause to be credited a beneficial interest in another Global Note in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged and (2) instructions given in accordance with the Applicable Procedures containing information regarding the Participant account to be credited with such increase or (B) (1) a written order from a Participant or an Indirect Participant given to the Depositary in accordance with the Applicable Procedures directing the Depositary to cause to be issued a Definitive Note in an amount equal to the beneficial interest to be transferred or exchanged and (2) instructions given by the Depositary to the Registrar containing information regarding the Person in whose name such Definitive Note shall be registered to effect the transfer or exchange referred to in (1) above; provided that in no event shall Definitive Notes be issued upon the transfer or exchange of beneficial interests in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note prior to (A) the expiration of the Restricted Period and (B) the receipt by the Registrar of the certificates in the form of Exhibit B. Upon satisfaction of all of the requirements for transfer or exchange of beneficial interests in Global Notes contained in this Indenture and the Notes or otherwise applicable under the Securities Act, the Trustee shall adjust the principal amount of the relevant Global Note(s) pursuant to Section 2.06(h) hereof.

(iii) Transfer of Beneficial Interests to Another Restricted Global Note. A beneficial interest in any Restricted Global Note may be transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Restricted Global Note if the transfer complies with the requirements of Section 2.06(b)(ii) hereof and the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the 144A Global Note, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(B) if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Global Note, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof; or

(C) if the transferee will take delivery in the form of a beneficial interest in the IAI Global Note, a certificate to the Registrar substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications, certificates and Opinion of Counsel required by item (3) thereof.

(iv) Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in a Restricted Global Note for Beneficial Interests in an Unrestricted Global Note. A beneficial interest in any Restricted Global Note may be exchanged by any holder thereof for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note if the exchange or transfer complies with the requirements of Section 2.06(b)(ii) hereof and

 

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the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(a) thereof; or

(B) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate from such holder in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case set forth in this Section 2.06(b)(iv), if the Registrar or Issuer so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar and Issuer to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

If any such transfer is effected pursuant to this Section 2.06(b)(iv) at a time when an Unrestricted Global Note has not yet been issued, the Issuer shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 hereof, the Trustee shall authenticate one or more Unrestricted Global Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of beneficial interests transferred pursuant to this Section 2.06(b)(iv).

Beneficial interests in an Unrestricted Global Note cannot be exchanged for, or transferred to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of, a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note.

(c) Transfer or Exchange of Beneficial Interests for Definitive Notes.

(i) Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Notes to Restricted Definitive Notes. If any holder of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Restricted Definitive Note or to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Note, then, upon the occurrence of any of the events in clauses (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) hereof and receipt by the Registrar of the following documentation:

(A) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Restricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2)(a) thereof;

(B) if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(C) if such beneficial interest is being transferred to a Non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in accordance with Rule 903 or Rule 904, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof;

 

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(D) if such beneficial interest is being transferred pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act in accordance with Rule 144, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(a) thereof;

(E) if such beneficial interest is being transferred to an Institutional Accredited Investor in reliance on an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act other than those listed in subparagraphs (B) through (D) above, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications, certificates and Opinion of Counsel required by item 3(d) thereof, if applicable;

(F) if such beneficial interest is being transferred to the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(b) thereof; or

(G) if such beneficial interest is being transferred pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(c) thereof,

the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Global Note to be reduced accordingly pursuant to Section 2.06(h) hereof, and the Issuer shall execute and upon receipt of an Authentication Order, the Trustee shall authenticate and mail to the Person designated in the instructions a Definitive Note in the applicable principal amount. Any Definitive Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note pursuant to this Section 2.06(c) shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denomination or denominations as the holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the Registrar through instructions from the Depositary and the Participant or Indirect Participant. The Trustee shall mail such Definitive Notes to the Persons in whose names such Notes are so registered. Any Definitive Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(i) (except transfers pursuant to clause (G) above) shall bear the Private Placement Legend and shall be subject to all restrictions on transfer contained therein.

(ii) Beneficial Interests in Regulation S Temporary Global Note to Definitive Notes. Notwithstanding Section 2.06(c)(i)(A) and (C) hereof, a beneficial interest in the Regulation S Temporary Global Note may not be exchanged for a Definitive Note or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Definitive Note prior to (A) the expiration of the Restricted Period and (B) the receipt by the Registrar of any certificates required pursuant to Exhibit B, except in the case of a transfer pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act other than Rule 903 or Rule 904.

(iii) Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Notes. A holder of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note may exchange such beneficial interest for an Unrestricted Definitive Note or may transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note only upon the occurrence of any of the events in subsection (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) hereof and if the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for an Unrestricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(b) thereof; or

(B) if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such holder substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

 

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and, in each such case, if the Registrar or Issuer so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar and Issuer to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

(iv) Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Notes. If any holder of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a Definitive Note or to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Definitive Note, then, upon the occurrence of any of the events in subsection (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) hereof and satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 2.06(b)(ii) hereof, the Trustee shall cause the aggregate principal amount of the applicable Global Note to be reduced accordingly pursuant to Section 2.06(h) hereof, and the Issuer shall execute and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, the Trustee shall authenticate and mail to the Person designated in the instructions a Definitive Note in the applicable principal amount. Any Definitive Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(iv) shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denomination or denominations as the holder of such beneficial interest shall instruct the Registrar through instructions from or through the Depositary and the Participant or Indirect Participant. The Trustee shall mail such Definitive Notes to the Persons in whose names such Notes are so registered. Any Definitive Note issued in exchange for a beneficial interest pursuant to this Section 2.06(c)(iv) shall not bear the Private Placement Legend.

(d) Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Notes for Beneficial Interests.

(i) Restricted Definitive Notes to Beneficial Interests in Restricted Global Notes. If any Holder of a Restricted Definitive Note proposes to exchange such Note for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note or to transfer such Restricted Definitive Note to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note, then, upon receipt by the Registrar of the following documentation:

(A) if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Note proposes to exchange such Note for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (2)(b) thereof;

(B) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(C) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred to a Non-U.S. Person in an offshore transaction in accordance with Rule 903 or Rule 904, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof;

(D) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act in accordance with Rule 144, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(a) thereof;

 

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(E) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred to an Institutional Accredited Investor in reliance on an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act other than those listed in subparagraphs (B) through (D) above, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications, certificates and Opinion of Counsel required by item (3)(d) thereof, if applicable;

(F) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred to the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(b) thereof; or

(G) if such Restricted Definitive Note is being transferred pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (3)(c) thereof,

the Trustee shall cancel the Restricted Definitive Note, increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of, in the case of clause (A) above, the applicable Restricted Global Note, in the case of clause (B) above, the applicable 144A Global Note, in the case of clause (C) above, the applicable Regulation S Global Note, and in all other cases, the applicable IAI Global Note.

(ii) Restricted Definitive Notes to Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Notes. A Holder of a Restricted Definitive Note may exchange such Note for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note or transfer such Restricted Definitive Note to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note only if the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the Holder of such Definitive Notes proposes to exchange such Notes for a beneficial interest in the Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(c) thereof; or

(B) if the Holder of such Definitive Notes proposes to transfer such Notes to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the Unrestricted Global Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case set forth in this Section 2.06(d)(ii), if the Registrar or Issuer so requests or if the Applicable Procedures so require, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar and Issuer to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

Upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions in this Section 2.06(d)(ii), the Trustee shall cancel the Definitive Notes and increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of the Unrestricted Global Note.

 

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(iii) Unrestricted Definitive Notes to Beneficial Interests in Unrestricted Global Notes. A Holder of an Unrestricted Definitive Note may exchange such Note for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note or transfer such Definitive Notes to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Note at any time. Upon receipt of a request for such an exchange or transfer, the Trustee shall cancel the applicable Unrestricted Definitive Note and increase or cause to be increased the aggregate principal amount of one of the Unrestricted Global Notes.

If any such exchange or transfer from a Definitive Note to a beneficial interest is effected pursuant to clauses (ii) or (iii) above at a time when an Unrestricted Global Note has not yet been issued, the Issuer shall issue and, upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 hereof, the Trustee shall authenticate one or more Unrestricted Global Notes in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of Definitive Notes so transferred.

(e) Transfer and Exchange of Definitive Notes for Definitive Notes. Upon request by a Holder of Definitive Notes and such Holder’s compliance with the provisions of this Section 2.06(e), the Registrar shall register the transfer or exchange of Definitive Notes. Prior to such registration of transfer or exchange, the requesting Holder shall present or surrender to the Registrar the Definitive Notes duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instruction of transfer in form satisfactory to the Registrar duly executed by such Holder or by its attorney, duly authorized in writing. In addition, the requesting Holder shall provide any additional certifications, documents and information, as applicable, required pursuant to the following provisions of this Section 2.06(e):

(i) Restricted Definitive Notes to Restricted Definitive Notes. Any Restricted Definitive Note may be transferred to and registered in the name of Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Note if the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the transfer will be made to a QIB in accordance with Rule 144A, then the transferor must deliver a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof;

(B) if the transfer will be made pursuant to Rule 903 or Rule 904 then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof; or

(C) if the transfer will be made pursuant to any other exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, then the transferor must deliver a certificate in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications required by item (3) thereof, if applicable.

(ii) Restricted Definitive Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Notes. Any Restricted Definitive Note may be exchanged by the Holder thereof for an Unrestricted Definitive Note or transferred to a Person or Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note if the Registrar receives the following:

(A) if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Notes proposes to exchange such Notes for an Unrestricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(d) thereof; or

(B) if the Holder of such Restricted Definitive Notes proposes to transfer such Notes to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note, a certificate from such Holder substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, including the certifications in item (4) thereof;

and, in each such case set forth in this Section 2.06(e)(ii), if the Registrar or Issuer so requests, an Opinion of Counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Registrar and Issuer to the effect that such exchange or transfer is in compliance with the Securities Act and that the restrictions on transfer contained herein and in the Private Placement Legend are no longer required in order to maintain compliance with the Securities Act.

 

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(iii) Unrestricted Definitive Notes to Unrestricted Definitive Notes. A Holder of Unrestricted Definitive Notes may transfer such Notes to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Note. Upon receipt of a request to register such a transfer, the Registrar shall register the Unrestricted Definitive Notes pursuant to the instructions from the Holder thereof.

(f) [Reserved].

(g) Legends. The following legends shall appear on the face of all Global Notes and Definitive Notes issued under this Indenture unless specifically stated otherwise in the applicable provisions of this Indenture:

(i) Private Placement Legend.

(A) Except as permitted by subparagraph (B) below, each Global Note and each Definitive Note (and all Notes issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall bear the legend in substantially the following form:

“THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED, RESOLD, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE. BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF, THE HOLDER OF THIS NOTE (1) REPRESENTS THAT (A) IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT), (B) IT IS NOT A U.S. PERSON AND IS ACQUIRING THIS NOTE IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, OR [(C) IT IS AN “INSTITUTIONAL” ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a)(1), (2), (3) OR (7) UNDER REGULATION D PROMULGATED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) (AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR”) AND THAT IS ACQUIRING THE NOTES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF SUCH AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS TO WHICH IT EXERCISES SOLE INVESTMENT DISCRETION),] IN EACH CASE IN A MINIMUM PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THE NOTES OF $250,000, FOR INVESTMENT PURPOSES AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO OR FOR THE OFFER OR SALE IN CONNECTION WITH ANY DISTRIBUTION IN VIOLATION OF THE SECURITIES ACT, AND (2) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT WITHIN [ONE YEAR AFTER THE LATER OF THE DATE OF THE ORIGINAL ISSUANCE OF THIS NOTE AND THE DATE ON WHICH THE ISSUER OR ANY OF ITS RESPECTIVE AFFILIATES OWNED THIS NOTE — FOR NOTES ISSUED PURSUANT TO RULE 144A/TO IAIS][40 DAYS AFTER THE LATER OF THE DATE OF ORIGINAL ISSUANCE OF THIS NOTE AND THE DATE ON WHICH THIS SECURITY (OR ANY PREDECESSOR OF SUCH SECURITY) WAS FIRST OFFERED TO PERSONS OTHER THAN DISTRIBUTORS (AS DEFINED IN RULE 902 OF REGULATION S) IN RELIANCE ON REGULATION S — FOR NOTES ISSUED IN OFFSHORE TRANSACTIONS PURSUANT TO REGULATION S], OFFER, RESELL

 

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OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THIS NOTE EXCEPT (A) (I) TO THE ISSUER OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, (II) INSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED THEREIN), (III) INSIDE THE UNITED STATES TO AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR THAT IS ACQUIRING THE NOTES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF SUCH AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS TO WHICH IT EXERCISES SOLE INVESTMENT DISCRETION), IN EACH CASE IN A MINIMUM PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THE NOTES OF $250,000, FOR INVESTMENT PURPOSES AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO OR FOR THE OFFER OR SALE IN CONNECTION WITH ANY DISTRIBUTION IN VIOLATION OF THE SECURITIES ACT, AND THAT PRIOR TO SUCH TRANSFER, FURNISHES (OR HAS FURNISHED ON ITS BEHALF BY A U.S. BROKER-DEALER) TO THE ISSUER AND TRUSTEE A SIGNED LETTER CONTAINING CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS RELATING TO THE RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER OF THIS NOTE (THE FORM OF WHICH LETTER CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE TRUSTEE FOR THIS NOTE) AND AN OPINION OF COUNSEL, IN FORM AND FROM COUNSEL REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE ISSUER, TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH TRANSFER IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT, (IV) OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (V) PURSUANT TO THE EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION PROVIDED BY RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (IF AVAILABLE), (VI) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANOTHER EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT (AND BASED UPON AN OPINION OF COUNSEL IF THE ISSUER SO REQUESTS), OR (VII) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, AND (B) IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF THE STATES OF THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER JURISDICTIONS AND (3) AGREES THAT IT WILL GIVE TO EACH PERSON TO WHOM THIS NOTE IS TRANSFERRED A NOTICE SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE EFFECT OF THIS LEGEND.”

(B) Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Global Note or Definitive Note issued pursuant to subparagraph (b)(iv), (iii), (c)(iv), (d)(ii), (d)(iii), (e)(ii), or (e)(iii) of this Section 2.06 (and all Notes issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall not bear the Private Placement Legend.

(ii) Global Note Legend. Each Global Note shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

“THIS GLOBAL NOTE IS HELD BY THE DEPOSITARY (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS NOTE) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE BENEFICIAL OWNERS HEREOF, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (I) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.06(h) OF THE INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.06(a) OF THE INDENTURE, (III) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.11 OF THE INDENTURE AND (IV) THIS GLOBAL NOTE MAY BE TRANSFERRED TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY WITH THE PRIOR WRITTEN

 

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CONSENT OF THE ISSUER. UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR NOTES IN DEFINITIVE FORM, THIS NOTE MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY. UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (55 WATER STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK) (“DTC”) TO THE ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS MAY BE REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.”

(iii) Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend. The Regulation S Temporary Global Note shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

“BY ITS ACQUISITION HEREOF, THE HOLDER HEREOF REPRESENTS THAT IT IS NOT A U.S. PERSON, NOR IS IT PURCHASING FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A U.S. PERSON, AND IS ACQUIRING THIS SECURITY IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

THE RIGHTS ATTACHING TO THIS REGULATION S TEMPORARY GLOBAL NOTE, AND THE CONDITIONS AND PROCEDURES GOVERNING ITS EXCHANGE FOR CERTIFICATED NOTES, ARE AS SPECIFIED IN THE INDENTURE (AS DEFINED HEREIN).”

(iv) Original Issue Discount Legend. To the extent applicable, each Global Note and Definitive Note (and all Notes issued in exchange therefor or substitution thereof) shall bear the legend in substantially the following form:

“THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS PROVIDED PURSUANT TO TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1275-3. THIS NOTE WAS ISSUED WITH ‘ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT’ WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 1272, ET SEQ. OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED. UPON WRITTEN REQUEST, THE ISSUER WILL PROVIDE TO ANY HOLDER OF THE NOTE (1) THE ISSUE PRICE AND ISSUE DATE OF THE NOTE, (2) THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT ON THE NOTE, AND (3) THE ORIGINAL YIELD TO MATURITY OF THE NOTE. SUCH REQUEST SHOULD BE SENT TO THE ISSUER AT SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, 9100 SOUTH HILLS BLVD, BROADVIEW HEIGHTS, OH 44147, ATTN: GENERAL COUNSEL, TEL: (440) 262-1409, E-MAIL: MKLABEN@SOTERAHEALTH.COM.”

 

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(h) Cancellation and/or Adjustment of Global Notes. At such time as all beneficial interests in a particular Global Note have been exchanged for Definitive Notes or a particular Global Note has been redeemed, repurchased or canceled in whole and not in part, each such Global Note shall be returned to or retained and canceled by the Trustee in accordance with Section 2.11 hereof. At any time prior to such cancellation, if any beneficial interest in a Global Note is exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Note or for Definitive Notes, the principal amount of Notes represented by such Global Note shall be reduced accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the Trustee or by the Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such reduction; and if the beneficial interest is being exchanged for or transferred to a Person who will take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in another Global Note, such other Global Note shall be increased accordingly and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note by the Trustee or by the Depositary at the direction of the Trustee to reflect such increase.

(i) General Provisions Relating to Transfers and Exchanges.

(i) To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Issuer shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Global Notes and Definitive Notes upon receipt of an Authentication Order in accordance with Section 2.02 hereof or at the Registrar’s request.

(ii) No service charge shall be made to a holder of a beneficial interest in a Global Note or to a Holder of a Definitive Note for any registration of transfer or exchange, but the Issuer may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer taxes or similar governmental charge payable upon exchange or transfer pursuant to Sections 2.07, 2.10, 3.06, 3.09, 5.05 and 9.05 hereof).

(iii) Neither the Registrar nor the Issuer shall be required to register the transfer of or exchange any Note selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part.

(iv) All Global Notes and Definitive Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Global Notes or Definitive Notes shall be the valid obligations of the Issuer, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Global Notes or Definitive Notes surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

(v) The Issuer shall not be required (A) to issue, to register the transfer of or to exchange any Notes during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of any selection of Notes for redemption under Section 3.02 hereof and ending at the close of business on the day of selection, (B) to register the transfer of or to exchange any Note so selected for redemption or tendered (and not withdrawn) for repurchase in connection with an Redemption Offer or other tender offer, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part or (C) to register the transfer of or to exchange a Note between a Record Date and the next succeeding Interest Payment Date.

(vi) Prior to due presentment for the registration of a transfer of any Note, the Trustee, any other Agent and the Issuer may deem and treat the Person in whose name any Note is registered as the absolute owner of such Note for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Notes and for all other purposes, and none of the Trustee, any other Agent or the Issuer shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

(vii) Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Note at the office or agency of the Issuer designated pursuant to Section 4.04 hereof, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more replacement Notes of any authorized denomination or denominations of a like aggregate principal amount.

 

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(viii) At the option of the Holder, Notes may be exchanged for other Notes of any authorized denomination or denominations of a like aggregate principal amount upon surrender of the Notes to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Global Notes or Definitive Notes are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the replacement Global Notes and Definitive Notes which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.02 hereof.

(ix) All certifications, certificates and Opinions of Counsel required to be submitted to the Registrar pursuant to this Section 2.06 to effect a registration of transfer or exchange may be submitted by facsimile.

(x) The Trustee shall have no responsibility or obligation to any Beneficial Owner of a Global Note, a member of, or a participant in, the Depositary or other Person with respect to the accuracy of the records of the Depositary or its nominee or of any participant or member thereof, with respect to any ownership interest in the Notes or with respect to the delivery to any participant, member, Beneficial Owner, or other Person (other than the Depositary) of any notice (including any notice of redemption or purchase) or the payment of any amount or delivery of any Notes (or other security or property) under or with respect to such Notes. The Trustee may rely and shall be fully protected in relying upon information furnished by the Depositary with respect to its members, participants, and any Beneficial Owners.

(xi) The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Note (including any transfers between or among the Depositary’s participants, members, or Beneficial Owners in any Global Note) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by, the terms of this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof. Neither the Trustee nor any of its agents shall have any responsibility for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.

Section 2.07 Replacement Notes.

If any mutilated Note is surrendered to the Trustee, the Registrar or the Issuer and the Trustee receives evidence to its satisfaction of the ownership and destruction, loss or theft of any Note, the Issuer shall issue and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, shall authenticate a replacement Note if the Trustee’s requirements are met. If required by the Trustee or the Issuer, an indemnity bond must be supplied by the Holder that is sufficient in the judgment of the Trustee to protect the Trustee and its agents and in the judgment of the Issuer to protect the Issuer, the Trustee, any other Agent and any authenticating agent from any loss that any of them may suffer if a Note is replaced. The Issuer may charge for its expenses in replacing a Note, including the Trustee’s expenses.

Every replacement Note is a contractual obligation of the Issuer and shall be entitled to all of the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with all other Notes duly issued hereunder.

 

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Section 2.08 Outstanding Notes.

The Notes outstanding at any time are all the Notes authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest in a Global Note effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof, and those described in this Section 2.08 as not outstanding. Except as set forth in Section 2.09 hereof, a Note does not cease to be outstanding because the Issuer or an Affiliate of the Issuer holds the Note.

If a Note is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07 hereof, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Note is held by a bona fide purchaser.

If the principal amount of any Note is considered paid under Section 4.01 hereof, it ceases to be outstanding and interest on it ceases to accrue.

If the Paying Agent (other than the Issuer, a Subsidiary or an Affiliate of any thereof) holds, on a redemption date or maturity date, money sufficient to pay Notes payable on that date, then on and after that date such Notes shall be deemed to be no longer outstanding and shall cease to accrue interest.

Section 2.09 Treasury Notes.

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Notes have concurred in any direction, waiver or consent, Notes owned by the Issuer, or by any Affiliate of the Issuer, shall be considered as though not outstanding, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent, only Notes that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Notes so owned which have been pledged in good faith shall not be disregarded if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right to deliver any such direction, waiver or consent with respect to the Notes and that the pledgee is not the Issuer or any obligor upon the Notes or any Affiliate of the Issuer or of such other obligor.

Section 2.10 Temporary Notes.

Until certificates representing Notes are ready for delivery, the Issuer may prepare and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, shall authenticate temporary Notes. Temporary Notes shall be substantially in the form of certificated Notes but may have variations that the Issuer considers appropriate for temporary Notes and as shall be reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. Without unreasonable delay, the Issuer shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Notes in exchange for temporary Notes.

Holders and beneficial holders, as the case may be, of temporary Notes shall be entitled to all of the benefits accorded to Holders, or beneficial holders, respectively, of Notes under this Indenture.

Section 2.11 Cancellation.

The Issuer at any time may deliver Notes to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Notes surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee or, at the direction of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Paying Agent and no one else shall cancel all Notes surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall dispose of cancelled Notes (subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act) in accordance with its customary procedures. Certification of the cancellation of all cancelled Notes shall be delivered to the Issuer upon its written request. The Issuer may not issue new Notes to replace Notes that it has paid or that have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

 

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Section 2.12 Defaulted Interest.

If the Issuer defaults in a payment of interest on the Notes, it shall pay the defaulted interest in any lawful manner plus, to the extent lawful, interest payable on the defaulted interest to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent special record date, in each case at the rate provided in the Notes and in Section 4.03 hereof and as provided in Section 6.03. The Issuer shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of defaulted interest proposed to be paid on each Note and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Issuer shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such defaulted interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such defaulted interest as provided in this Section 2.12. The Issuer shall fix or cause to be fixed each such special record date and payment date; provided that no such special record date shall be less than 10 days prior to the related payment date for such defaulted interest. The Issuer shall promptly notify the Trustee of such special record date and payment date. At least 15 days before the special record date, the Issuer (or, upon the written request of the Issuer, the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Issuer) shall send or cause to be sent to each Holder a notice at his or her address as it appears in the Note Register that states the special record date, the related payment date and the amount of such interest to be paid.

Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.12 and for greater certainty, each Note delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Note shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Note.

Section 2.13 CUSIP and ISIN Numbers.

The Issuer in issuing the Notes may use CUSIP and ISIN numbers (if then generally in use) and, if so, the Trustee shall use CUSIP and ISIN numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as contained in any notice of redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Issuer shall as promptly as practicable notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP and ISIN numbers.

ARTICLE 3

REDEMPTION

Section 3.01 Notices to Trustee.

If the Issuer elects to redeem Notes pursuant to Section 3.07 hereof, it shall furnish to the Trustee, at least 5 Business Days before notice of redemption is required to be sent or caused to be sent to Holders pursuant to Section 3.03 hereof but not more than 60 days before a redemption date (except that redemption notices may be delivered more than 60 days prior to a redemption date if the notice is issued in connection with a defeasance of the Notes or a satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture), an Officer’s Certificate setting forth (i) the paragraph or subparagraph of such Note and/or Section of this Indenture pursuant to which the redemption shall occur, (ii) the redemption date, (iii) the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed and (iv) the redemption price.

 

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Section 3.02 Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed or Purchased.

If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed or purchased in an offer to purchase at any time, such Notes shall be selected for redemption or repurchase by the Trustee (1) if the Notes are listed on an exchange, in compliance with the requirements of such exchange or in the case of Global Notes, in accordance with customary procedures of the Depositary or (2) on a pro rata basis to the extent practicable, or, if the pro rata basis is not practicable for any reason, by lot or by such other method as most nearly approximates a pro rata basis subject to customary procedures of the Depositary. Such Notes to be redeemed or purchased shall be selected, unless otherwise provided herein, not less than 15 nor more than 60 days prior to the redemption date from the outstanding Notes not previously called for redemption or purchase.

The Trustee, after consultation with DTC, shall promptly notify the Issuer in writing of the Notes selected for redemption or purchase and, in the case of any Note selected for partial redemption or purchase, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed or purchased. Notes and portions of Notes selected shall be in minimum amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof; no Notes of $1,000 or less can be redeemed in part, except that if all of the Notes of a Holder are to be redeemed or purchased, the entire outstanding amount of Notes held by such Holder, even if not a multiple of $1,000, shall be redeemed or purchased. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, provisions of this Indenture that apply to Notes called for redemption or purchase also apply to portions of Notes called for redemption or purchase.

The Trustee shall not be responsible for any actions taken or not taken by DTC pursuant to their Applicable Procedures.

Section 3.03 Notice of Redemption.

Subject to Section 3.09 hereof, the Issuer shall deliver notices of purchase or redemption electronically or by first-class mail, postage prepaid, at least 15 but not more than 60 days before the purchase or redemption date to each Holder of Notes (with a copy to the Trustee) at such Holder’s registered address or otherwise in accordance with the procedures of DTC, except that redemption notices may be delivered electronically or mailed more than 60 days prior to a redemption date if the notice is issued in connection with Article 8 or Article 11 hereof. Notices of redemption may be conditional.

The notice shall identify the Notes to be redeemed and shall state:

(a) the redemption date;

(b) the redemption price;

(c) if any Note is to be redeemed in part only, the portion of the principal amount of that Note that is to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon surrender of such Note, a new Note or Notes in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original Note representing the same indebtedness to the extent not redeemed shall be issued in the name of the Holder of the Notes upon cancellation of the original Note;

(d) the name and address of the Paying Agent;

 

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(e) that Notes called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

(f) that, unless the Issuer defaults in making such redemption payment, interest on Notes called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date;

(g) the paragraph or subparagraph of the Notes and/or Section of this Indenture pursuant to which the Notes called for redemption are being redeemed;

(h) that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number or ISIN Code, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Notes; and

(i) any condition to such redemption.

At the Issuer’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Issuer’s name and at its expense; provided that the Issuer shall have delivered written notice to the Trustee, at least 20 days prior to the redemption date (unless a shorter notice shall be agreed to by the Trustee) in the form of an Officer’s Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice as provided in the preceding paragraph.

Section 3.04 Effect of Notice of Redemption.

Once notice of redemption is sent in accordance with Section 3.03 hereof, Notes called for redemption become irrevocably due and payable on the redemption date at the redemption price, unless such redemption is conditioned on the happening of a future event. The notice, if sent in a manner herein provided, shall be conclusively presumed to have been given, whether or not the Holder receives such notice. In any case, failure to give such notice or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Note designated for redemption in whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Note. Subject to Section 3.05 hereof, on and after the redemption date, interest ceases to accrue on Notes or portions of Notes called for redemption.

Section 3.05 Deposit of Redemption or Purchase Price.

Prior to noon (New York City time) on the redemption or purchase date, the Issuer shall deposit with the Trustee or with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption or purchase price of and accrued and unpaid interest on all Notes to be redeemed or purchased on that date. The Trustee or the Paying Agent shall promptly return to the Issuer any money deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent by the Issuer in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the redemption price of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, all Notes to be redeemed or purchased.

If the Issuer complies with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, on and after the redemption or purchase date, interest shall cease to accrue on the Notes or the portions of Notes called for redemption or purchase. If a Note is redeemed or purchased on or after a Record Date but on or prior to the related Interest Payment Date, then any accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption or purchase date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Note was registered at the close of business on such Record Date. If any Note called for redemption or purchase shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption or purchase because of the failure of the Issuer to comply with the preceding paragraph, interest shall be paid on the unpaid principal, from the redemption or purchase date until such principal is paid, and to the extent lawful on any interest accrued to the redemption or purchase date not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate provided in the Notes and in Section 4.03 and 6.03 hereof.

 

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Section 3.06 Notes Redeemed or Purchased in Part.

Upon surrender of a Definitive Note that is redeemed or purchased in part, the Issuer shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder at the expense of the Issuer a new Note equal in principal amount to the unredeemed or unpurchased portion of the Note surrendered representing the same indebtedness to the extent not redeemed or purchased; provided that each new Note shall be in a principal amount of $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. It is understood that, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, only an Authentication Order and not an Opinion of Counsel or Officer’s Certificate is required for the Trustee to authenticate such new Note.

Section 3.07 Optional Redemption.

(a) At any time prior to July 31, 2021, the Issuer may redeem all or a part of the Notes, upon such notice as described under Section 3.03 hereof, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus the Applicable Premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the date of redemption (the “Redemption Date”), subject to the rights of Holders of Notes on the relevant Record Date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date.

(b) At any time and from time to time on or after July 31, 2021, the Issuer may redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, upon notice as described under Section 3.03 hereof, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed) set forth in this Section 3.07(b), plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but not including, the applicable redemption date, subject to the right of Holders of Notes of record on the relevant Record Date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on July 31st of each of the years indicated below:

 

Year

   Percentage  

2021

     103.000

2022

     101.000

2023 and thereafter

     100.000

(c) Any notice of any redemption may be given prior to the redemption thereof, and any such redemption or notice may, at the Issuer’s discretion, be subject to one or more conditions precedent, including, without limitation, the consummation of an incurrence or issuance of debt or equity or a Change of Control or other corporate transaction. If such redemption is so subject to satisfaction of one or more conditions precedent, such notice shall describe each such condition, and if applicable, shall state that, in the Issuer’s discretion, the redemption date may be delayed until such time as any or all such conditions shall be satisfied, or such redemption or purchase may not occur and such notice may be rescinded in the event that any or all such conditions shall not have been satisfied by the redemption date, or by the redemption date as so delayed. In addition, the Issuer may provide in such notice that payment of the redemption price and performance of the Issuer’s obligations with respect to such redemption may be performed by another Person.

(d) Any redemption pursuant to this Section 3.07 shall be made pursuant to the provisions of Sections 3.01 through 3.06 hereof.

 

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Section 3.08 Mandatory Redemption.

Subject to Section 3.09, the Issuer shall not be required to make any mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes.

Section 3.09 Offer Events.

(a) In the event and on each occasion that any Net Proceeds are received by or on behalf of the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of clause (a) of the definition of “Offer Event,” the Issuer may, at its option, apply such Net Proceeds:

(i) to invest (or commit to invest) such Net Proceeds (or a portion thereof) within 12 months after receipt of such Net Proceeds in the business of the Issuer and the other Subsidiaries (including any acquisitions permitted under Section 5.04); provided that, a binding commitment shall be treated as a permitted application of the Net Proceeds from the date of such commitment so long as the Issuer, or such other Restricted Subsidiary enters into such commitment with the good faith expectation that such Net Proceeds shall be applied to satisfy such commitment within 180 days of such commitment (an “Acceptable Commitment”) and, in the event any Acceptable Commitment is later cancelled or terminated for any reason before the Net Proceeds are applied in connection therewith, the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary enters into another Acceptable Commitment (a “Second Commitment”) within 180 days of such cancellation or termination; provided further that if any Second Commitment is later cancelled or terminated for any reason before such Net Proceeds are applied, then such Net Proceeds shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3.09 below; or

(ii) to the extent of any such Net Proceeds have not been so invested (or committed to be invested) by the end of such period of time,

(A) first, to permanently reduce Obligations under the First Lien Credit Facilities and to correspondingly repay revolving loans and/or reduce commitments with respect thereto and/or Obligations under other Permitted First Priority Debt and to correspondingly reduce commitments with respect thereto (to the extent required by the terms of the Credit Agreement); and

(B) second, to make a Redemption Offer (as defined below) for the Notes issued under this Indenture.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provisions of Section 3.09, (A) to the extent that any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Offer Event of a Subsidiary of the Issuer that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States, any state, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia are prohibited or delayed by applicable local law from being repatriated to the Issuer, the portion of such Net Proceeds so affected will not be required to be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied in compliance with this Section 3.09 and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary so long, but only so long, as the Issuer determined in good faith that the applicable local law will not permit repatriation to the Issuer, and once the Issuer has determined in good faith that such repatriation of any of such affected Net Proceeds is permitted under the applicable local law, such repatriation will be effected as soon as practicable and such repatriated Net Proceeds will be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied (net of additional taxes payable or reserved if such amounts were repatriated) in compliance with this Section 3.09, (B) to the extent that and for so long as the Issuer has determined in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Offer Event would have a material adverse tax or cost consequence with respect to such Net Proceeds, the Net Proceeds so affected will not be required to be

 

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taken into account in determining the amount to be applied in compliance with this Section 3.09, and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary; provided that when the Issuer determines in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Offer Event would no longer have a material adverse tax consequence with respect to such Net Proceeds, such Net Proceeds shall be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied (net of additional taxes payable or reserved against as a result thereof) in compliance with this Section 3.09, and (C) to the extent that and for so long as the Issuer has determined in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Offer Event would give rise to a risk of liability for the directors of such Subsidiary, the Net Proceeds so affected will not be required to be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied in compliance with Section 3.09, as the case may be, and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary.

(c) In the event and on each occasion that any Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds are received by the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of clause (b) of the definition of “Offer Event,” the Issuer shall, within five (5) Business Days of such receipt, make a Redemption Offer for the Notes issued under this Indenture in an amount equal to 100% of all Net Proceeds received from such Offer Event.

(d) In the event that the Issuer shall be required pursuant to subsections (a) or (c) of this Section 3.09 to commence an offer (a “Redemption Offer”) to all Holders to purchase the Notes, it shall follow the procedures specified in this Section 3.09(d) through 3.09(i) and offer to purchase such Notes at a price in cash equal to the sum of (i) 100% of the principal amount of such Notes, plus (ii) accrued and unpaid interest to (but excluding) the Purchase Date, subject to the rights of Holders of record on the relevant Record Date to receive interest due on the relevant Interest Payment Date. Each Redemption Offer shall remain open for not less than 30 or more than 60 days immediately following its commencement, except to the extent that a longer period is required by applicable law (the “Offer Period”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Issuer shall be permitted to apply Net Proceeds or Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds, as applicable, received in connection with an applicable Offer Event, if required by the terms of any Indebtedness that is pari passu in right of payment and as to priority of Collateral with the Notes (such Indebtedness, “Pari Passu Indebtedness”), to purchase such Pari Passu Indebtedness on a pro rata basis with the Notes (based on the principal amount of the Notes and such Pari Passu Indebtedness (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Issuer so that only Notes in denominations of at least $1,000, or integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, shall be purchased); provided that in no event may the amount of Net Proceeds or Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds, as applicable, applied to purchase such Pari Passu Indebtedness exceed the amount required to be applied to purchase such Pari Passu Indebtedness by the terms thereof. Within three (3) Business Days immediately after the termination of the Offer Period (the “Purchase Date”), the Issuer shall apply the Net Proceeds or Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds, as applicable (the “Offer Amount”) to purchase the principal amount of the Notes and, to the extent required, any applicable Pari Passu Indebtedness. Payment for any Notes so purchased shall be made in the same manner as interest payments are made. Any Declined Credit Agreement Proceeds that are not included in the Offer Amount shall constitute “Retained Declined Proceeds.”

(e) The Issuer will comply, to the extent applicable, with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws, rules and regulations thereunder to the extent such laws, rules or regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of Notes pursuant to an Redemption Offer. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws, rules or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Indenture, the Issuer will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and shall not be deemed to have breached its obligations described in this Indenture by virtue thereof.

 

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(f) If the Purchase Date is on or after a Record Date and on or before the related Interest Payment Date, any accrued and unpaid interest up to (but not including) the Purchase Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name a tendered Note accepted for purchase is registered at the close of business on such Record Date, and unless the Issuer defaults in making payment for such tendered Note pursuant to the Redemption Offer, no additional interest shall be payable to Holders of such tendered Note.

(g) Upon the commencement of an Redemption Offer, the Issuer shall send, by first class or electronic mail, postage prepaid, a notice to each of the Holders, which shall contain all instructions and materials necessary to enable such Holders to tender Notes pursuant to the Redemption Offer. The Redemption Offer shall be made to all Holders of Notes. The notice, which shall govern the terms of the Redemption Offer, shall state:

(i) that the Redemption Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 3.09 and the length of time the Redemption Offer shall remain open;

(ii) the Offer Amount, the purchase price and the Purchase Date;

(iii) that any Note not tendered or accepted for payment shall continue to accrue interest;

(iv) that, unless the Issuer defaults in making such payment, any Note accepted for payment pursuant to the Redemption Offer shall cease to accrue interest after the Purchase Date;

(v) that Holders electing to have a Note purchased pursuant to an Redemption Offer may elect to have Notes purchased in whole or in part in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof;

(vi) that Holders electing to have a Note purchased pursuant to any Redemption Offer shall be required to surrender the Note, with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect Purchase” on the reverse of the Note completed (or, in the case of Global Notes, compliant with the Applicable Procedures), to the Issuer or any designated agent for such purchase, as the case may be, at the address specified in the notice delivered at the close of business on the third Business Day before the Purchase Date;

(vii) that Holders shall be entitled to withdraw their election if the Issuer or any designated agent for such purchase, as the case may be, receives, not later than the close of business on the second Business Day preceding the expiration of the Offer Period, a facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Notes the Holder delivered for purchase and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Notes purchased;

(viii) that, if the aggregate principal amount of Notes surrendered by Holders and Pari Passu Indebtedness required to be repaid exceeds the Offer Amount, the Issuer shall select the Notes (and the issuer of, or agent for, such Pari Passu Indebtedness shall select such Pari Passu Indebtedness) to be purchased on a pro rata basis (or otherwise in accordance with the Applicable Procedures in the case of the Global Notes) based on the principal amount of the Notes and, to the extent required, any applicable Pari Passu Indebtedness (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Issuer so that only Notes in denominations of at least $1,000, or integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, shall be purchased); and

 

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(ix) that Holders whose Notes were purchased only in part shall be issued new Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered (or transferred by book-entry transfer) representing the same indebtedness to the extent not repurchased.

(h) On or before the Purchase Date, the Issuer shall, to the extent lawful, accept for payment, on a pro rata basis to the extent necessary, Notes or portions thereof tendered pursuant to the Redemption Offer, and shall deliver to the Holders a notice stating that such Notes or portions thereof were accepted for payment by the Issuer in accordance with the terms of this Section 3.09. The Issuer shall promptly (but in any case not later than one (1) Business Day after the Purchase Date) mail or deliver to each tendering Holder an amount equal to the purchase price of the Notes tendered by such Holder and accepted by the Issuer for purchase, and the Issuer shall promptly execute, and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, authenticate, and deliver (or cause to be transferred by book-entry) a new Note to such Holder (it being understood that, notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, no Opinion of Counsel or Officer’s Certificate is required for the Trustee to authenticate and mail or deliver such new Note), in a principal amount equal to any unpurchased portion of the Note surrendered. Any Note not so accepted shall be promptly mailed or delivered by the Issuer to the Holder thereof.

(i) Other than as specifically provided in this Section 3.09, any purchase pursuant to this Section 3.09 shall be made pursuant to the applicable provisions of Sections 3.01 through 3.06.

ARTICLE 4

AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

Section 4.01 Financial Statements and Other Information.

Holdings or the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee, with a copy to each Holder:

(a) commencing with the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, on or before the date that is one hundred and twenty-five (125) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Issuer, audited consolidated balance sheet and audited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries as of the end of and for such year, and related notes thereto, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all reported on by an independent public accountant of recognized national standing (without a “going concern” or like qualification or exception and without any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit (other than any exception or explanatory paragraph, but not a qualification, that is expressly and solely with respect to, or expressly and solely resulting from, (A) the Final Maturity Date occurring within one year from the time such opinion is delivered or (B) any actual failure to satisfy the Financial Performance Covenant or potential inability to satisfy the Financial Performance Covenant on a future date or in a future period)) to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects the financial condition as of the end of and for such year and results of operations and cash flows of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied;

(b) commencing with the financial statements for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020, on or before the date that is sixty (60) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Issuer, unaudited consolidated balance sheet and unaudited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and the then elapsed portion of the fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding period or periods of (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of) the previous fiscal year, all certified by a Financial Officer as presenting fairly in all material respects the financial condition as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and such portion of the fiscal year and results of operations and cash flows of the Issuer (and/or its predecessor, as applicable) and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes;

 

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(c) simultaneously with the delivery of each set of consolidated financial statements referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above, the related unaudited consolidating financial information reflecting adjustments necessary to eliminate the accounts of Unrestricted Subsidiaries (if any) from such consolidated financial statements;

(d) promptly after the same become publicly available, copies of all periodic and other reports, proxy statements and registration statements (other than amendments to any registration statement (to the extent such registration statement, in the form it became effective, is delivered to the Trustee), exhibits to any registration statement and, if applicable, any registration statement on Form S-8) filed by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary with the SEC or with any national securities exchange; and

(e) at the request of the Controlling Party (which shall be no more than quarterly), and following the delivery of each set of consolidated financial statements referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above, the Issuer shall use commercially reasonable efforts to hold a conference call for the Holders at a time reasonably acceptable to the Issuer, which conference call shall be accompanied by related presentation materials prepared by the Issuer.

In addition, to the extent not satisfied by the foregoing, for so long as the Notes remain outstanding and are “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144, the Issuer shall furnish to Holders thereof and prospective investors in such Notes, upon their request, the information required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) of the Securities Act.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the obligations in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 4.01 may be satisfied with respect to financial information of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries by furnishing (A) the Form 10-K or 10-Q (or the equivalent), as applicable, of the Issuer (or a parent company thereof) filed with the SEC within the applicable time periods required by applicable law and regulations (including any extended deadlines available thereunder in connection with an IPO) or (B) the applicable financial statements of Holdings (or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings); provided that (i) to the extent such information relates to a parent of the Issuer, such information is accompanied by consolidating information, which may be unaudited, that explains in reasonable detail the differences between the information relating to such parent, on the one hand, and the information relating to the Issuer and its Subsidiaries on a standalone basis, on the other hand, and (ii) to the extent such information is in lieu of information required to be provided under Section 4.01(a), such materials are accompanied by a report and opinion of an independent registered public accounting firm of nationally recognized standing, which report and opinion shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and shall not be subject to any “going concern” or like qualification or exception or any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit (other than any exception or explanatory paragraph, but not a qualification, that is expressly and solely with respect to, or expressly and solely resulting from, (A) the Final Maturity Date occurring within one year from the time such opinion is delivered or (B) any actual failure to satisfy or potential inability to satisfy any Financial Performance Covenant on a future date or in a future period).

The requirements set forth in Section 4.01(a) or (b) (to the extent any such documents are included in materials otherwise filed with the SEC) may be satisfied by (i) delivering such information electronically to the Trustee and (ii) posting copies of such information on a website (which may be nonpublic and may be maintained by the Issuer or a third party) to which access shall be given to Holders, Beneficial Owners of Notes and prospective purchasers of the Notes; provided that: (i) the Issuer shall deliver paper copies of such documents to the Trustee until a written notice to cease delivering paper copies is given by the Trustee and (ii) the Issuer shall notify the Trustee (by fax or electronic mail) of the posting of any such documents and shall provide to the Trustee by electronic mail electronic versions (i.e., soft copies) of such documents. The Trustee shall have no obligation to request the delivery of or maintain paper copies of the documents referred to above, and each Holder shall be solely responsible for timely accessing posted documents and maintaining its copies of such documents.

 

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Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, neither the Issuer nor any Subsidiary shall be required to deliver, disclose, permit the inspection, examination or making of copies of or excerpts from, or any discussion of, any document, information, or other matter (i) that constitutes trade secrets or proprietary information, (ii) in respect of which disclosure to the Trustee (or any Holder (or their respective representatives or contractors)) is prohibited by applicable law, (iii) that is subject to attorney-client or similar privilege or constitutes attorney work product, (iv) with respect to which any Note Party owes confidentiality obligations (to the extent not created in contemplation of such Note Party’s obligations under this Section 4.01) to any third party, after such Note Party’s use of commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the consent of such third party (to the extent commercially feasible) or (v) that relates to any investigation by any Governmental Authority to the extent (x) such information is identifiable to a particular individual and the Issuer in good faith determines such information should remain confidential or (y) the information requested is not factual in nature.

The Trustee shall receive financial reports and statements of the Issuer as provided herein, but shall have no duty to review, retain or analyze such reports or statements to determine compliance with covenants or other obligations of the Issuer and shall not be charged with knowledge of the contents thereof or determinable therefrom (as to which, in each case, the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on an Officer’s Certificate).

Section 4.02 [Reserved].

Section 4.03 Payment of Notes

The Issuer shall pay or cause to be paid the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes on the dates and in the manner provided in the Notes and in this Indenture. Principal, premium, if any, and interest shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent, if other than the Issuer or a Subsidiary, holds as of noon (New York City time) on the due date money deposited by the Issuer in immediately available funds and designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, premium, if any, and interest then due.

The Issuer shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue principal at the rate equal to the then applicable interest rate on the Notes (after giving effect to the provisions of Section 6.03) to the extent lawful; it shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue installments of interest (without regard to any applicable grace period) at the same rate (including after giving effect to the provisions of Section 6.03) to the extent lawful.

Section 4.04 Maintenance of Office or Agency

The Issuer shall maintain an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee, Registrar or co-registrar) where Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Issuer in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Issuer shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

 

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The Issuer may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Issuer of its obligation to maintain an office or agency for such purposes. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

The Issuer hereby designates the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as one such office or agency of the Issuer in accordance with Section 2.03 hereof; provided that no office of the Trustee shall be an office or agency of the Issuer for the purpose of service of legal process on the Issuer or any Guarantor.

Section 4.05 Information Regarding Collateral.

(a) Holdings or the Issuer will furnish to the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent prompt (and in any event within thirty (30) days or such longer period as reasonably agreed to by the Trustee) written notice of any change (i) in any Note Party’s legal name (as set forth in its certificate of organization or like document), (ii) in the jurisdiction of incorporation or organization of any Note Party or in the form of its organization or (iii) in any Note Party’s organizational identification number to the extent that such Note Party is organized or owns Mortgaged Property in a jurisdiction where an organizational identification number is required to be included in a UCC financing statement for such jurisdiction.

(b) Not later than five Business Days after financial statements are required to be delivered pursuant to Section 4.01(a), Holdings or the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of Holdings or the Issuer (i) setting forth the information required pursuant to Paragraphs 1, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the Perfection Certificate or confirming that there has been no change in such information since the later of (x) the date of the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Issue Date or (y) the date of the most recent certificate delivered pursuant to this Section 4.05, (ii) identifying any (x) new Intermediate Parent or (y) Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary that has become, or ceased to be, a Material Subsidiary or an Excluded Subsidiary during the most recently ended fiscal year and (iii) certifying that all notices required to be given by Section 4.05 prior to the date of such certificate have been given.

Section 4.06 Existence; Conduct of Business.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, do or cause to be done all things necessary to obtain, preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its legal existence and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges, franchises, Intellectual Property and Governmental Approvals material to the conduct of its business, except to the extent (other than with respect to the preservation of the existence of Holdings and the Issuer) that the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, amalgamation, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution permitted under Section 5.03 or any Disposition permitted by Section 5.05.

Section 4.07 Payment of Taxes, etc.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, pay all Taxes (whether or not shown on a Tax return) imposed upon it or its income or properties or in respect of its property or assets, before the same shall become delinquent or in default, except where (a) the same are being contested in good faith by an appropriate proceeding diligently conducted by Holdings, the Issuer or any of their respective Subsidiaries or (b) the failure to make payment would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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Section 4.08 Maintenance of Properties.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, keep and maintain all tangible property material to the conduct of its business in good working order and condition (casualty, condemnation and ordinary wear and tear excepted), except where the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

Section 4.09 Insurance.

(a) Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, maintain, with insurance companies that Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of the management of Holdings) are financially sound and responsible at the time the relevant coverage is placed or renewed, insurance in at least such amounts (after giving effect to any self-insurance which Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of management of Holdings) is reasonable and prudent in light of the size and nature of its business) and against at least such risks (and with such risk retentions) as Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment or the management of Holdings) are reasonable and prudent in light of the size and nature of its business, and will furnish to the Holders, upon written request from the Controlling Party, information presented in reasonable detail as to the insurance so carried. The Issuer shall, and shall cause each Restricted Subsidiary organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction to (i) name the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Holders, as an additional insured as its interests may appear on each such general liability policy of insurance and each casualty insurance policy belonging to or insuring such Restricted Subsidiary (other than directors and officers policies, workers compensation policies and business interruption insurance) and (ii) in the case of each property insurance policy belonging to or insuring a Restricted Subsidiary organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction, include a loss payable clause or mortgagee endorsement that names the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Note Secured Parties, as the loss payee or mortgagee, as applicable, thereunder, subject to the provisions of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement.

(b) If any portion of a building or other improvement included in any Mortgaged Property is at any time located in an area identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (or any successor agency) as a special flood hazard area with respect to which flood insurance has been made available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (as now or hereafter in effect or under any successor statute thereto), then the Issuer shall, or shall cause each Note Party to (i) maintain, or cause to be maintained, with insurance companies that Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of the management of Holdings) are financially sound and responsible at the time the relevant coverage is placed or renewed, flood insurance in an amount and otherwise sufficient to comply with all applicable rules and regulations promulgated pursuant to the Flood Insurance Laws and (ii) furnish to the Holders, upon written request from the Controlling Party, information presented in reasonable detail as to the flood insurance so carried.

Section 4.10 Books and Records.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, maintain proper books of record and account in which entries that are full, true and correct in all material respects and are in conformity with GAAP (or applicable local standards) consistently applied shall be made of all material financial transactions and matters involving the assets and business of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be.

 

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Section 4.11 Compliance with Laws.

Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, comply with all Requirements of Law (including Environmental Laws and the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act) with respect to it, its property and operations, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

Section 4.12 Use of Proceeds.

The Issuer will use the proceeds of the Initial Notes directly or indirectly to finance (a) the consideration in connection with the Acquisition and any other payments required under the Acquisition Agreement and (b) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Transactions with any remainder to be credited to the account of the Issuer for general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures, to fund Permitted Acquisitions, Investments permitted hereunder, Restricted Payments and other transactions not prohibited by this Indenture; provided, that in no event shall the proceeds of the Notes be applied to the prepayment or redemption of the Second Lien Notes.

Section 4.13 Additional Subsidiaries.

(a) If (i) any additional Restricted Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary, or any Intermediate Parent, in each case, organized in a Covered Jurisdiction, is formed or acquired after the Issue Date, (ii) any Restricted Subsidiary ceases to be an Excluded Subsidiary (other than any Immaterial Subsidiary that becomes a Material Subsidiary, which shall be subject to Section 4.13(b)) or (iii) the Issuer, at its option, elects to cause a Subsidiary organized in a Covered Jurisdiction, a subsidiary that is otherwise an Excluded Subsidiary (including any Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary or any consolidated Affiliate in which the Issuer and its Subsidiaries own no Equity Interest or that is organized in a non-Covered Jurisdiction) to become a Subsidiary Note Party, then in each case of (i), (ii) and (iii) Holdings or the Issuer will, within 30 days (or such longer period as may be agreed to by the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) in its reasonable discretion) after (x) such newly formed or acquired Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent is formed or acquired, (y) such Restricted Subsidiary ceases to be an Excluded Subsidiary or (z) the Issuer has made such election, notify the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party thereof, and will cause such Restricted Subsidiary (unless such Restricted Subsidiary is an Excluded Subsidiary) or Intermediate Parent to satisfy the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent and with respect to any Equity Interest in or Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent owned by or on behalf of any Note Party within 30 days after such notice (or such longer period as the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) shall reasonably agree). The Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party a completed Perfection Certificate (or supplement thereof) with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent signed by a Responsible Officer of Holdings or of such applicable Restricted Subsidiary, together with all attachments contemplated thereby concurrently with the satisfaction of the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent.

 

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(b) Within 45 days (or such longer period as otherwise provided in this Indenture or as the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) may reasonably agree) after Holdings or the Issuer identifies any new Material Subsidiary pursuant to Section 4.05(b), all actions (if any) required to be taken with respect to such Subsidiary in order to satisfy the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall have been taken with respect to such Subsidiary, to the extent not already satisfied pursuant to Section 4.13(a).

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event any Material Real Property would be required to be mortgaged pursuant to this Section 4.13, the applicable Note Party shall be required to comply with the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” as it relates to such Material Real Property within 90 days, following the latter of the date such Subsidiary becomes a Note Party and the acquisition of such Material Real Property, or such longer time period as agreed by the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) in its reasonable discretion.

Section 4.14 Further Assurances.

(a) Each of Holdings and the Issuer will, and will cause each Note Party to, execute any and all further documents, financing statements, agreements and instruments, and take all such further actions (including the filing and recording of financing statements, fixture filings, mortgages, deeds of trust and other documents), that may be required under any applicable law and that the Trustee or the Controlling Party may reasonably request, to cause the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement to be and remain satisfied, all at the expense of the Note Parties.

(b) If, after the Issue Date, any material assets (other than Excluded Assets), including any Material Real Property, are acquired by the Issuer or any other Note Party or are held by any Subsidiary on or after the time it becomes a Note Party pursuant to Section 4.13 (other than assets constituting Collateral under a Security Document that become subject to the Lien created by such Security Document upon acquisition thereof or constituting Excluded Assets), the Issuer will notify the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Controlling Party thereof, and, if requested by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Controlling Party, the Issuer will cause such assets to be subjected to a Lien securing the Notes Obligations and will take and cause the other Note Parties to take, such actions as shall be necessary and reasonably requested by the Trustee or the Controlling Party to grant and perfect such Liens, including actions described in paragraph (a) of this Section 4.14 and as required pursuant to the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” all at the expense of the Note Parties and subject to the last paragraph of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement.” In the event any Material Real Property is mortgaged pursuant to this Section 4.14(b), the Issuer or such other Note Party, as applicable, shall be required to comply with the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” and paragraph (a) of this Section 4.14 within 90 days following the acquisition of such Material Real Property or such longer time period as agreed by the Trustee and the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) in its reasonable discretion.

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Notes Documents, it is understood and agreed that from and after the Disposition Date and prior to the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations, (A) to the extent the Credit Agreement Agent is satisfied with or agrees to any deliveries of or other arrangements with respect to the Shared Collateral (as defined in the First/Second

 

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Lien Intercreditor Agreement), the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Holders and the other Secured Parties, as the case may be, shall be deemed to be satisfied with the corresponding deliveries or other arrangements in respect of the Shared Collateral so long as such deliveries and other arrangements with respect to the Shared Collateral are the same as those with which the Credit Agreement Agent was satisfied or to which the Credit Agreement Agent agreed, (B) if the Credit Agreement Agent grants an extension of time pursuant to a provision in the Credit Agreement or the other loan documents, in each case, with respect to Shared Collateral (as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement) or the provision of guarantees in respect of the Credit Agreement Obligations, the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Holders and the other Secured Parties, as the case may be, shall automatically be deemed to accept such extension of time hereunder with respect to the corresponding matters under the Notes Documents and (C) if the Credit Agreement Agent exercises its discretion under the Senior Debt Documents to determine that (I) any Subsidiary of the Issuer shall be an “Excluded Subsidiary” under the exclusion in the Credit Agreement corresponding to clause (e) of the definition of “Excluded Subsidiary” contained herein or (II) any asset shall be an “Excluded Asset” under the exclusion in the Credit Agreement corresponding to clause (n) of the definition of “Excluded Assets” contained herein or (III) any Subsidiary shall be a Loan Party (as defined in the Credit Agreement) under the Senior Debt Documents (or released from being a Loan Party (as defined in the Credit Agreement) thereunder) or any asset shall be Collateral under the Senior Debt Documents (or any Lien on any Collateral is released thereunder), then in each of clauses (C)(I), (II) and (III), the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Holders and the other Secured Parties, as the case may be, shall automatically be deemed to accept such determination hereunder and, in the case of the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate from the Issuer accompanied by evidence of the Credit Agreement Agent consent, shall execute any documentation, if applicable, in connection therewith. Neither the Trustee nor the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be liable for any such release undertaken in reliance upon any such Officer’s Certificate.

(d) The Issuer hereby agrees to deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Controlling Party in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party, the items described on Schedule 4.14 hereof on or before the dates specified with respect to such items, or such later dates as may be agreed to by the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders).

Section 4.15 Designation of Subsidiaries

The Issuer may at any time after the Issue Date designate any Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary or any Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that (i) immediately after such designation on a Pro Forma Basis, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (ii) immediately after giving effect to such designation, on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio shall not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (iii) no Subsidiary may be designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary or continue as an Unrestricted Subsidiary if it is a “Restricted Subsidiary” for the purpose of the Credit Agreement or any other Material Indebtedness of Holdings or the Issuer. The designation of any Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date shall constitute an Investment by the Issuer therein at the date of designation in an amount equal to the fair market value of the Issuer’s or their respective subsidiaries’ (as applicable) investment therein. The designation of any Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary shall constitute (i) the incurrence at the time of designation of any Investment, Indebtedness or Liens of such Subsidiary existing at such time and (ii) a return on any Investment by the Issuer in Unrestricted Subsidiaries pursuant to the preceding sentence in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value at the date of such designation of the Issuer’s or its Subsidiaries’ (as applicable) Investment in such Subsidiary.

 

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Section 4.16 Lines of Business

The Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, will not fundamentally and substantively alter the character of their business, taken as a whole, from the business conducted by them on the Issue Date and other business activities which are extensions thereof or otherwise incidental, reasonably related or ancillary to any of the foregoing.

Section 4.17 Compliance Certificate

(a) The Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year ending after the Issue Date, a certificate from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer stating that a review of the activities of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Responsible Officer of the Issuer with a view to determining whether the Issuer has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to such Responsible Officer of the Issuer signing such certificate, that to the best of his or her knowledge the Issuer has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every condition and covenant contained in this Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions, covenants and conditions of this Indenture (or, if a Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults of which he or she may have knowledge and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto).

(b) When any Default has occurred and is continuing under this Indenture, or if the Trustee or the holder of any other evidence of Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary gives any notice or takes any other action with respect to a claimed Default, the Issuer shall promptly (which shall be no more than five (5) Business Days upon becoming aware of any Default) deliver to the Trustee by registered or certified mail or by facsimile transmission an Officer’s Certificate specifying such event, its status and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

Section 4.18 Stay, Extension and Usury Laws

The Issuer and each of the Notes Guarantors covenant (to the extent that they may lawfully do so) that they shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Issuer and each of the Notes Guarantors (to the extent that they may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waive all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenant that they shall not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

ARTICLE 5

NEGATIVE COVENANTS

Section 5.01 Indebtedness; Certain Equity Securities

(a)   The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Indebtedness, except:

(i)   (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Note Party under this Indenture and the other Notes Documents in respect of the Initial Notes and (B) any Permitted Refinancing in respect thereof;

 

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(ii) Indebtedness, including intercompany Indebtedness, outstanding on the Issue Date and listed on Schedule 5.01, and any Permitted Refinancing thereof;

(iii) Guarantees by the Issuer and any of the Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary otherwise permitted hereunder; provided that (A) such Guarantee is otherwise permitted by Section 5.04, (B) no Guarantee by any Restricted Subsidiary of the Credit Agreement or any Junior Financing shall be permitted unless such Restricted Subsidiary shall have also provided a Guarantee of the Notes Obligations pursuant to this Indenture and (C) if the Indebtedness being Guaranteed is subordinated to the Notes Obligations, such Guarantee shall be subordinated to the Guarantee of the Notes Obligations on terms at least as favorable to the Holders as those contained in the subordination of such Indebtedness;

(iv) Indebtedness of the Issuer owing to any Restricted Subsidiary or of any Restricted Subsidiary owing to any other Restricted Subsidiary or the Issuer, to the extent permitted by Section 5.04; provided that all such Indebtedness of any Note Party owing to any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party shall be subordinated to the Notes Obligations (but only to the extent permitted by applicable law and not giving rise to adverse tax consequences) on terms (i) at least as favorable to the Holders as those set forth in the Intercompany Note or (ii) otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party;

(v)   (A) Indebtedness (including Capital Lease Obligations and purchase money Indebtedness) incurred, issued or assumed by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary to finance the acquisition, purchase, lease, construction, repair, replacement or improvement of fixed or capital property, equipment or other assets; provided that such Indebtedness is incurred concurrently with or within 270 days after the applicable acquisition, purchase, lease, construction, repair, replacement or improvement, and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness set forth in the immediately preceding clause (A) (or successive Permitted Refinancings thereof); provided, further that, at the time of any such incurrence of Indebtedness and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto and the use of the proceeds thereof, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness that is outstanding in reliance on this clause (v) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(vi) Indebtedness in respect of Swap Agreements incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(vii)   (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred or issued and/or (b) assumed after the Issue Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 5.04; provided that, with respect to clause (a) above, (i) to the extent such obligor or any guarantor is a Note Party, such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a senior basis to the Notes Obligations, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, (I) the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (II) the Issuer shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the most recently ended Test Period (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable under the Credit Agreement at such time) and (III) no Specified Event of Default shall exist or result therefrom (at the time of execution of a binding agreement in respect thereof), and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than Final Maturity Date (except in the

 

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case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date) and (2) such Indebtedness does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the remaining term of the Notes (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing Indebtedness which does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Notes); provided, however, that, if such Indebtedness constitutes term loans, amortization of such term loans, to the extent that it does not exceed 1.0% per annum, shall be disregarded in calculating the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such term loans; provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (vii)(A)(a) or (vii)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (vii)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness incurred in reliance on Section 5.01(a)(viii) and (x) and outstanding of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on Section 5.01(a)(viii) and 5.01(a)(x)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of $80,000,000 and 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(viii)   (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred and/or issued or (b) assumed after the Issue Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 5.04; provided that, with respect to clause (a) above, (i) to the extent such obligor or any guarantor is a Note Party, such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a junior or subordinated basis to the Notes Obligations, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, (I) the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (II) the Issuer shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the most recently ended Test Period (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable under the Credit Agreement at such time) and (III) no Specified Event of Default shall exist or result therefrom (at the time of execution of a binding agreement in respect thereof), and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date), (2) such Indebtedness does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the remaining term of the Notes (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing Indebtedness which does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Notes); provided, however, that, if such Indebtedness constitutes term loans, amortization of such term loans, to the extent that it does not exceed 1.0% per annum, shall be disregarded in calculating the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such term loans and (3) the covenants, events of default and guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Indenture (when taken as a whole) are to the Holders (unless (1) the Holders under the Notes also receive the benefit of

 

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such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the Trustee or any Holder to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) also added or modified for the benefit of the Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility under the Credit Agreement), (2) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Final Maturity Date at such time, or (3) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party and the Issuer); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (viii)(A)(a) or (viii)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (viii)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on Sections 5.01(a)(vii) and 5.01(a)(x)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of $80,000,000 and 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(ix) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Note Party in respect of Term Loans outstanding on the Issue Date and Indebtedness outstanding or permitted to be incurred in respect of the Revolving Commitments in effect on the Issue Date;

(x)   (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred and/or issued or (b) assumed after the Issue Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 5.04; provided that (i) such Indebtedness is unsecured, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness (X) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio as of the end of such time is less than or equal to 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (Y) the Issuer shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the most recently ended Test Period (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable under the Credit Agreement at such time) and (Z) no Specified Event of Default shall exist or result therefrom, and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date); and and (2) the covenants, events of default and guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Indenture (when taken as a whole) are to the Holders (unless (I) Holders under the existing Notes also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of

 

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default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the Required Holder to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) added or modified for the benefit of any Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility under the Credit Agreement), (II) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Final Maturity Date at such time, or (III) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party and the Issuer); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer delivered to the Trustee and the Holders promptly after the incurrence of such Indebtedness, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or copies of the principal documentation relating thereto, stating that the Issuer has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement); (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (x)(A)(a) or (ix)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (ix)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on Sections 5.01(a)(vii) and 5.01(a)(viii)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of $80,000,000 and 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xi) Indebtedness incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary in connection with bankers’ acceptances, discounted bills of exchange or the discounting or factoring of receivables for credit management purposes, in each case incurred or undertaken in the ordinary course of business on arm’s length commercial terms on a non-recourse basis;

(xii) Settlement Indebtedness;

(xiii) Indebtedness in respect of Cash Management Obligations and other Indebtedness in respect of netting services, automated clearinghouse arrangements, overdraft protections and similar arrangements, in each case, in connection with deposit accounts or from the honoring of a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business;

(xiv) Indebtedness consisting of obligations under deferred compensation (including indemnification obligations, obligations in respect of purchase price adjustments, earn-outs, incentive non-competes and other contingent obligations) or other similar arrangements incurred or assumed in connection with any Permitted Acquisition, any other Investment or any Disposition, in each case, permitted under this Indenture;

(xv) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary) which Indebtedness is either (A) unsecured or (B) (x) if the issuer or any guarantor of such Indebtedness is a Note Party and such Indebtedness is secured, then such Indebtedness is secured on a junior basis to the Notes Obligations and the agent for the holders of which have entered into

 

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the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement or (y) if neither the issuer of such Indebtedness nor any guarantor of such Indebtedness is a Note Party, secured; provided that, at the time of the incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness outstanding in reliance on this clause (xv) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $195,000,000 and (B) 50% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xvi) (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary after the Issue Date (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary) (“Acquired Debt”); provided that (1)(x) if such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Notes Obligations and the agent for such Indebtedness has become a party to the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (y) if such Indebtedness is secured on a junior basis to the Notes Obligations and the agent for such Indebtedness has become a party to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (z) if such Indebtedness is unsecured, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period; (2) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Final Maturity Date); and (3) the covenants, events of default and/or guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Indenture (when taken as a whole) are to the Holders (unless (I) Holders under the existing Notes also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Issuer, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the Trustee or any Holder to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) added or modified for the benefit of any Notes remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility under the Credit Agreement (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility under the Credit Agreement), (II) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Final Maturity Date at such time, or (III) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party and the Issuer); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer delivered to the Trustee and the Holders promptly after the incurrence of such Indebtedness, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or copies of the principal documentation relating thereto, stating that the Issuer has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the

 

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aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (xvi) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness incurred in reliance on Section 5.01(a)(xvii) and outstanding of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period;

(xvii) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in an aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate amount of cash contributions made to the capital of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary (to the extent Not Otherwise Applied) after the Issue Date; provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (xvii) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness incurred in reliance on Section 5.01(a)(xvi) and outstanding of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xviii) Indebtedness consisting of (A) the financing of insurance premiums or (B) take-or-pay obligations contained in supply arrangements, in each case, in the ordinary course of business;

(xix) Indebtedness supported by a Letter of Credit, in a principal amount not to exceed the face amount of such Letter of Credit;

(xx) Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt, and any Permitted Refinancing thereof;

(xxi) Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt and Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt, and any Permitted Refinancing of any of the foregoing;

(xxii) (A) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Note Party issued in lieu of First Lien Incremental Facilities consisting of (i) one or more series of secured or unsecured loans, bonds, notes or debentures (which loans, bonds, notes or debentures, if secured, may be secured either by Liens pari passu with the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations or by Liens having a junior priority relative to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations) (and any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor), (ii) one or more series of secured or unsecured loans, bonds, notes or debentures (which loans, bonds, notes or debentures, if secured, may be secured by Liens having a junior priority relative to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes Obligations) or (iii) an ABL Facility (the “First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt”); provided that (x) the aggregate principal amount of all such Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence, the Incremental Cap at such time, (y) such Indebtedness complies with the provisions of the Required Additional Debt Terms (provided that clause (e) of the definition of “Required Additional Debt Terms” shall not apply to such First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt) and (z) such Indebtedness shall not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Notes (provided, however, that, if such Indebtedness constitutes term loans, amortization of such term loans, to the extent that it does not exceed 1.0% per annum, shall be disregarded in calculating the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such term loans); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided, that the condition in clause (z) of the definition of Required Additional Debt Terms shall not apply to any First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt in the form of an ABL Facility;

 

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(xxiii) Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party; provided that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party outstanding in reliance of this clause (xxiii) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $40,000,000 and (B) 10% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xxiv) Indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees, warehouse receipts, bankers’ acceptances or similar instruments issued or created in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice, including in respect of workers compensation claims, health, disability or other employee benefits or property, casualty or liability insurance or self-insurance or other reimbursement-type obligations regarding workers compensation claims;

(xxv) Indebtedness and obligations in respect of self-insurance and obligations in respect of performance, bid, appeal and surety bonds and performance and completion guarantees and similar obligations provided by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto, in each case, in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

(xxvi) Indebtedness representing deferred compensation or stock-based compensation owed to employees, consultants or independent contractors of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries incurred in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

(xxvii) Indebtedness consisting of unsecured promissory notes issued by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary to future, current or former officers, directors, employees, managers and consultants or their respective estates, spouses or former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees, in each case to finance the purchase or redemption of Equity Interests of the Issuer (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) to the extent permitted by Section 5.07(a);

(xxviii) Indebtedness incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility;

(xxix) Indebtedness consisting of Permitted Second Priority Debt any Permitted Refinancing; provided that such Indebtedness is subject to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement;

(xxx) Indebtedness of the Issuer or any Subsidiary Note Parties in respect of any Incremental Facility or Refinancing Facility permitted to be incurred under the Credit Agreement as in effect on the Issue Date; provided that the aggregate principal amount Incremental Facilities incurred pursuant to this clause (xxx) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence, the Incremental Cap at such time; and

(xxxi) all premiums (if any), interest (including post-petition interest), fees, expenses, charges and additional or contingent interest on obligations described in clauses (i) through (xxx) above.

 

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provided, that any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this Section 5.01 in the form of floating rate Indebtedness that (x) is denominated in Dollars (y) ranks equal in right of payment with the Initial Notes and (z) is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Notes Obligations shall be subject to the MFN Provision.

(b) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, issue any preferred Equity Interests or any Disqualified Equity Interests, except (A) in the case of the Issuer, preferred Equity Interests that are Qualified Equity Interests and (B) (x) preferred Equity Interests issued to and held by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary and (y) other preferred Equity Interests issued to and held by joint venture partners after the Issue Date; provided that in the case of this clause (y) any such issuance of preferred Equity Interests shall be deemed to be incurred Indebtedness and subject to the provisions set forth in Section 5.01(a) and (b).

For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 5.01, (i) in the event that an item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Indebtedness described in clauses (a)(i) through (a)(xxxi) above, the Issuer may, in its sole discretion, at the time of incurrence, divide, classify or reclassify, or at any later time divide, classify or reclassify, such item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) and will only be required to include the amount and type of such Indebtedness in one or more of the above clauses; provided that (x) all Indebtedness outstanding under the Notes Documents in respect of the Initial Notes will at all times be deemed to have been incurred in reliance only on the exception in Section 5.01(a)(i)(A), (y) all Indebtedness outstanding under the Credit Agreement on the Issue Date will at all times be deemed to have been incurred in reliance only on the exception in Section 5.01(a)(ix) and (z) all Indebtedness incurred in the form of an Incremental Facility or Refinancing Facility will at all times be deemed to have been incurred in reliance only on the exception in Section 5.01(a)(xxx).

Notwithstanding any other provision herein, the Issuer shall not be permitted to incur Indebtedness if (x) the Liens on Collateral securing such Indebtedness are junior to the Liens on Collateral securing the First Lien Obligations but senior to the Liens on such Collateral securing the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations or (y) the priority of payments on such Indebtedness is junior and subordinate to the First Lien Obligations but senior in priority of payment to the Notes Obligations.

Section 5.02 Liens

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien on any property or asset now owned (but not leased) or hereafter acquired (but not leased) by it, except:

(i) Liens created under the First Lien Loan Documents, the Second Lien Debt Documents and the Notes Documents securing the Notes Obligations in respect of the Initial Notes;

(ii) Permitted Encumbrances;

(iii) Liens existing on the Issue Date; provided that any Lien securing Indebtedness or other obligations in excess of $1,000,000 individually shall only be permitted if set forth on Schedule 5.02 (unless such Lien is permitted by another clause in this Section 5.02) and any modifications, replacements, renewals or extensions thereof; provided further that such modified, replacement, renewal or extension Lien does not extend to any additional property other than (1) after-acquired property that is affixed or incorporated into the property covered by such Lien or financed by Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01 and (2) proceeds and products thereof;

 

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(iv) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01(a)(v); provided that (A) such Liens attach concurrently with or within 270 days after the acquisition, repair, replacement, construction or improvement (as applicable) of the property subject to such Liens, (B) such Liens do not at any time encumber any property other than the property financed by such Indebtedness except for replacements, additions, accessions and improvements to such property and the proceeds and the products thereof, and any lease of such property (including accessions thereto) and the proceeds and products thereof and customary security deposits and (C) with respect to Capital Lease Obligations, such Liens do not at any time extend to or cover any assets (except for replacements, additions, accessions and improvements to or proceeds of such assets) other than the assets subject to such Capital Lease Obligations; provided further that individual financings of equipment provided by one lender may be cross collateralized to other financings of equipment provided by such lender;

(v) easements, leases, licenses, subleases or sublicenses granted to others (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property) that do not (A) interfere in any material respect with the business of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (B) secure any Indebtedness and (ii) any interest or title of a lessor or licensee under any lease, sublease (including financing statements regarding property subject to a lease) or license entered into by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary not in violation of this Indenture;

(vi) Liens in favor of customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of customs duties in connection with the importation of goods;

(vii) Liens (A) of a collection bank arising under Section 4-210 of the Uniform Commercial Code, or any comparable or successor provision, on items in the course of collection; (B) attaching to pooling, commodity trading accounts or other commodity brokerage accounts incurred in the ordinary course of business; or (C) in favor of a banking or other financial institution or entity, or electronic payment service provider, arising as a matter of law encumbering deposits (including the right of setoff) and that are within the general parameters customary in the banking or finance industry;

(viii) Liens (A) on cash advances or escrow deposits in favor of the seller of any property to be acquired in an Investment permitted pursuant to Section 5.04 to be applied against the purchase price for such Investment or otherwise in connection with any escrow arrangements with respect to any such Investment or any Disposition permitted under Section 5.05 (including any letter of intent or purchase agreement with respect to such Investment or Disposition), or (B) consisting of an agreement to dispose of any property in a Disposition permitted under Section 5.05, in each case, solely to the extent such Investment or Disposition, as the case may be, would have been permitted on the date of the creation of such Lien;

(ix) Liens on property or other assets of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, which Liens secure Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary or another Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, in each case permitted under Section 5.01(a);

(x) Liens granted by a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in favor of any Restricted Subsidiary and Liens granted by a Note Party in favor of any other Note Party;

 

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(xi) Liens existing on property or other assets at the time of its acquisition or existing on the property or other assets of any Person at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, in each case after the Issue Date and any modifications, replacements, renewals or extensions thereof; provided that (A) such Lien was not created in contemplation of such acquisition or such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and (B) such Lien does not extend to or cover any other assets or property (other than any replacements of such property or assets and additions and accessions thereto, the proceeds or products thereof and other than after-acquired property subject to a Lien securing Indebtedness and other obligations incurred prior to such time and which Indebtedness and other obligations are permitted hereunder that require or include, pursuant to their terms at such time, a pledge of after-acquired property, it being understood that such requirement shall not be permitted to apply to any property to which such requirement would not have applied but for such acquisition);

(xii) Liens on cash, Permitted Investments or other marketable securities securing Letters of Credit of any Note Party that are cash collateralized on the Issue Date in an amount of cash, Permitted Investments or other marketable securities with a Fair Market Value of up to 105% of the face amount of such Letters of Credit being secured;

(xiii) Liens arising out of conditional sale, title retention, consignment or similar arrangements for sale or purchase of goods by any of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business;

(xiv) Liens deemed to exist in connection with Investments in repurchase agreements under clause (e) of the definition of the term “Permitted Investments”;

(xv) Liens encumbering reasonable customary initial deposits and margin deposits and similar Liens attaching to commodity trading accounts or other brokerage accounts incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(xvi) Liens that are contractual rights of setoff (A) relating to the establishment of depository relations with banks not given in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness, (B) relating to pooled deposit or sweep accounts to permit satisfaction of overdraft or similar obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries or (C) relating to purchase orders and other agreements entered into with customers of the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business;

(xvii) ground leases in respect of real property on which facilities owned or leased by the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries are located;

(xviii) Liens on insurance policies and the proceeds thereof securing the financing of the premiums with respect thereto;

(xix) Liens on the Collateral securing Indebtedness and other Credit Agreement Obligations permitted under Section 5.01(a)(vi), (ix) (which Lien may secure Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01(a)(xxx)), (xiii), (xxi) or (xxii);

(xx) Liens securing Indebtedness on real property other than Material Real Property (except as required by this Indenture);

(xxi) Settlement Liens;

(xxii) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01(a)(vii), (viii), (xv) or (xvi); provided any such Liens on Collateral shall be subject to (i) the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and/or (ii) a Customary Intercreditor Agreement;

 

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(xxiii) [Reserved];

(xxiv) Liens on cash and Permitted Investments used to satisfy or discharge Indebtedness; provided such satisfaction or discharge is permitted hereunder;

(xxv) Receipt of progress payments and advances from customers in the ordinary course of business to the extent the same creates a Lien on the related inventory and proceeds thereof;

(xxvi) Liens on Equity Interests of any joint venture (a) securing obligations of such joint venture or (b) pursuant to the relevant joint venture agreement or arrangement;

(xxvii) Liens on cash or Permitted Investments securing Swap Agreements in the ordinary course of business submitted for clearing in accordance with applicable Requirements of Law; provided that the aggregate outstanding amount of obligations secured by Liens existing in reliance on this clause (xxvii) shall not exceed $30,000,000;

(xxviii) other Liens; provided that, at the time of the granting thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the aggregate amount of obligations secured by all Liens incurred in reliance on this clause (xxviii) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently Test Period (provided that, with respect to any such obligation, the amount of such obligation shall be the lesser of (x) the outstanding face amount of such obligation and (y) the fair market value of the assets securing such obligation); provided, further, that no such Liens under this clause (xxviii) shall encumber any Material Real Property (except as required by this Indenture); and

(xxix) Liens on accounts receivable, Securitization Assets and related assets incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility.

Section 5.03 Fundamental Changes; Holdings Covenant

(a) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with any other Person, or permit any other Person to merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with it, or liquidate or dissolve (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not restrict the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary from changing its organizational form), except that:

(i) any Restricted Subsidiary may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with (A) the Issuer; provided that the Issuer shall be the continuing or surviving Person, or (B) any one or more Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, further, that when any Subsidiary Note Party is merging, amalgamating or consolidating with another Restricted Subsidiary (1) the continuing or surviving Person shall be a Subsidiary Note Party or (2) if the continuing or surviving Person is not a Subsidiary Note Party, the acquisition of such Subsidiary Note Party by such surviving Restricted Subsidiary is otherwise permitted under Section 5.04;

(ii) (A) any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with or into any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party and (B) (x) any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Issuer) may liquidate or dissolve and (y) any Restricted Subsidiary may change its legal or organizational form if the Issuer determines in good faith that such action is in the best interests of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries and is not materially disadvantageous to the Holders;

 

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(iii) any Restricted Subsidiary may make a Disposition of all or substantially all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to the Issuer or another Restricted Subsidiary; provided that if the transferor in such a transaction is a Note Party, then (A) the transferee must be a Note Party, (B) to the extent constituting an Investment, such Investment is a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in accordance with Section 5.04 or (C) to the extent constituting a Disposition to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, such Disposition is for Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by the Issuer) and any promissory note or other non-cash consideration received in respect thereof is a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in accordance with Section 5.04;

(iv) the Issuer may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with (or Dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to) any other Person; provided that (A) the Issuer shall be the continuing or surviving Person or (B) if the Person formed by or surviving any such merger, amalgamation or consolidation is not the Issuer or is a Person into which the Issuer has been liquidated (or, in connection with a Disposition of all or substantially all of the Issuer’s assets, if the transferee of such assets) (any such Person, the “Successor Issuer”), (1) the Successor Issuer shall be an entity organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction, (2) the Successor Issuer shall expressly assume all of the obligations of the Issuer under this Indenture and the other Notes Documents to which the Issuer is a party pursuant to a supplement hereto or thereto in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party, (3) each Note Party other than the Issuer, unless it is the other party to such merger, amalgamation or consolidation, shall have reaffirmed, pursuant to an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Controlling Party, that its Guarantee of and grant of any Liens as security for the Notes Obligations shall apply to the Successor Issuer’s obligations under this Indenture and (4) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee and the Controlling Party a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such merger, amalgamation or consolidation complies with this Indenture; provided further that (y) if such Person is not a Note Party, no Event of Default (or, to the extent related to a Limited Condition Transaction, no Specified Event of Default) shall exist after giving effect to such merger, amalgamation or consolidation and (z) if the foregoing requirements are satisfied, the Successor Issuer will succeed to, and be substituted for, the Issuer under this Indenture and the other Notes Documents; provided further that the Issuer shall have provided any documentation and other information about the Successor Issuer to the extent reasonably requested in writing promptly by the Trustee or any Holder, and in any case within one Business Day following the delivery of the certificate in clause (4), to any Holder or Beneficial Owner of Notes that such Holder or Beneficial Owner shall have reasonably determined is required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including Title III of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act (provided, that for the avoidance of doubt, the Issuer’s failure to deliver information requested after the first Business Day following delivery of the certificate in clause (4) above shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under this Indenture or the Notes Documents);

(v) any Restricted Subsidiary may merge, consolidate or amalgamate with any other Person in order to effect an Investment permitted pursuant to Section 5.04; provided that the continuing or surviving Person shall be the Issuer or a Restricted Subsidiary, which together with each of the Restricted Subsidiaries, shall have complied with the requirements of Sections 4.13 and 4.14;

(vi) [reserved]; and

 

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(vii) any Restricted Subsidiary may effect a merger, amalgamation, dissolution, liquidation consolidation or amalgamation to effect a Disposition permitted pursuant to Section 5.05.

(b) Holdings will not, and will not permit any Intermediate Parent to, conduct, transact or otherwise engage in any business or operations other than (i) the ownership and/or acquisition of the Equity Interests of the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent and any other Subsidiary, (ii) the maintenance of its legal existence, including the ability to incur fees, costs and expenses relating to such maintenance, (iii) participating in tax, accounting and other administrative matters as a member of the consolidated group of Holdings and its Subsidiaries, (iv) the performance of its obligations under and in connection with the Notes Documents, the First Lien Loan Documents, the Second Lien Debt Documents, any documentation governing any Indebtedness or Guarantee and the other agreements contemplated hereby and thereby, (v) any public offering of its or any of its direct or indirect parent’s common stock or any other issuance or registration of its Equity Interests for sale or resale not prohibited by this Indenture, including the costs, fees and expenses related thereto, (vi) making any dividend or distribution or other transaction similar to a Restricted Payment and not otherwise prohibited by Section 5.08, or any Investment in the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent or any other Subsidiary, (vii) the incurrence of any Indebtedness, (viii) incurring fees, costs and expenses relating to overhead and general operating including professional fees for legal, tax and accounting issues and paying taxes, (ix) providing indemnification to officers and members of the Board of Directors, (x) activities incidental to the consummation of the Transactions and (xi) activities incidental to the businesses or activities described in clauses (i) to (x) of this paragraph.

(c) Holdings will not, and will not permit any Intermediate Parent to, own or acquire any material assets (other than Equity Interests as referred to in paragraph (b)(i) above, cash and Permitted Investments, intercompany Investments in any Intermediate Parent, Subsidiary or Issuer permitted hereunder) or incur any liabilities (other than liabilities as referred to in paragraph (b)(vii) above, liabilities imposed by law, including tax liabilities, and other liabilities incidental to its existence and business and activities permitted by this Indenture).

Section 5.04 Investments, Loans, Advances, Guarantees and Acquisitions

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make or hold any Investment, except:

(a) Permitted Investments at the time such Permitted Investment is made and purchases of assets in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

(b) loans or advances to officers, members of the Board of Directors and employees of Holdings, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries (i) for reasonable and customary business-related travel, entertainment, relocation and analogous ordinary business purposes, (ii) in connection with such Person’s purchase of Equity Interests of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) (provided that the amount of such loans and advances made in cash to such Person shall be contributed to the Issuer in cash as common equity or Qualified Equity Interests) and (iii) for purposes not described in the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), in an aggregate principal amount outstanding under this clause (iii) at any time not to exceed $30,000,000;

(c) Investments by the Issuer in any Restricted Subsidiary and Investments by any Restricted Subsidiary in the Issuer or any other Restricted Subsidiary; provided that, in the case of any Investment by a Note Party in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom;

 

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(d) Investments consisting of extensions of trade credit and accommodation guarantees in the ordinary course of business;

(e) Investments (i) existing or contemplated on the Issue Date and set forth on Schedule 5.04 and any modification, replacement, renewal, reinvestment or extension thereof and (ii) Investments existing on the Issue Date by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary and any modification, renewal or extension thereof; provided that the amount of the original Investment is not increased except by the terms of such Investment to the extent as set forth on Schedule 5.04 or as otherwise permitted by this Section 5.04;

(f) Investments in Swap Agreements incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(g) promissory notes and other non-cash consideration received in connection with Dispositions permitted by Section 5.05;

(h) Permitted Acquisitions;

(i) the Transactions;

(j) Investments in the ordinary course of business consisting of Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 endorsements for collection or deposit and Uniform Commercial Code Article 4 customary trade arrangements with customers in the ordinary course of business;

(k) Investments (including debt obligations and Equity Interests) received in connection with the bankruptcy or reorganization of suppliers and customers or in settlement of delinquent obligations of, or other disputes with, customers and suppliers or upon the foreclosure with respect to any secured Investment or other transfer of title with respect to any secured Investment;

(l) loans and advances to Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent (x) in lieu of, and not in excess of the amount of (after giving effect to any other loans, advances or Restricted Payments in respect thereof), Restricted Payments to the extent permitted to be made to Holdings (or such parent) or such Intermediate Parent in accordance with Section 5.07(a) and (y) to the extent the proceeds thereof are contributed or loaned or advanced to any Restricted Subsidiary;

(m) additional Investments and other acquisitions; provided that at the time any such Investment or other acquisition is made, the aggregate outstanding amount of such Investment or acquisition made in reliance on this clause (m), together with the aggregate amount of all consideration paid in connection with all other Investments and acquisitions made in reliance on this clause (m) (including the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness assumed in connection with any such other Investment or acquisition previously made under this clause (m)), shall not exceed the sum of the greater of (i)(A) $195,000,000 and (B) 50% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period after giving Pro Forma Effect to the making of such Investment or other acquisition, plus (ii) so long as immediately after giving effect to any such Investment (x) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and (y) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment plus (iii) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment; plus (C) the General Restricted Payment Reallocated Amount; plus (D) the Junior Debt Payment Reallocated Amount;

(n) advances of payroll payments to employees in the ordinary course of business;

 

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(o) Investments and other acquisitions to the extent that payment for such Investments is made with Qualified Equity Interests (excluding Qualified Equity Interests the proceeds of which will be applied to cure any default under any “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant under the Credit Agreement) of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof or the IPO Entity);

(p) Investments of a Subsidiary acquired after the Issue Date or of a Person merged, amalgamated or consolidated with any Subsidiary in accordance with this Section 5.04 and Section 5.03 after the Issue Date or that otherwise becomes a Subsidiary (provided that if such Investment is made under Section 5.04(h), existing Investments in subsidiaries of such Subsidiary or Person shall comply with the requirements of Section 5.04(h)) to the extent that such Investments were not made in contemplation of or in connection with such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation and were in existence on the date of such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation;

(q) receivables owing to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, if created or acquired in the ordinary course of business;

(r) Investments (A) for utilities, security deposits, leases and similar prepaid expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business and (B) trade accounts created, or prepaid expenses accrued, in the ordinary course of business;

(s) non-cash Investments in connection with tax planning and reorganization activities; provided that after giving effect to any such activities, the security interests of the Holders in the Collateral, taken as a whole, would not be materially impaired;

(t) additional Investments so long as at the time of any such Investment and after giving effect thereto, (A) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is no greater than 7.00 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (B) no Event of Default exists or would result therefrom;

(u) Investments consisting of Indebtedness, Liens, fundamental changes, Dispositions and Restricted Payments permitted (other than by reference to this Section 5.04(v)) under 5.01, 5.02, 5.03, 5.05 and 5.07, respectively;

(v) contributions to a “rabbi” trust for the benefit of employees, directors, consultants, independent contractors or other service providers or other grantor trust subject to claims of creditors in the case of a bankruptcy of the Issuer;

(w) to the extent that they constitute Investments, purchases and acquisitions of inventory, supplies, materials or equipment or purchases, acquisitions, licenses or leases of other assets, Intellectual Property, or other rights, in each case in the ordinary course of business;

(x) any Investment in any Subsidiary or any joint venture in connection with intercompany cash management arrangements or related activities arising in the ordinary course of business;

(y) Investments by an Unrestricted Subsidiary entered into prior to the day such Unrestricted Subsidiary is redesignated as a Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary”;

 

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(z) Investments in or relating to a Securitization Subsidiary that, in the good faith determination of the Issuer are necessary or advisable to effect any Qualified Securitization Facility or any repurchase obligation in connection therewith, including, without limitation, Investments of funds held in accounts permitted or required by the arrangements governing such Qualified Securitization Facilities or any related Indebtedness; and

(aa) Investments in the ordinary course of business in connection with Settlements.

Section 5.05 Asset Sales

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, (i) voluntarily sell, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of any asset, including any Equity Interest owned by it or (ii) permit any Restricted Subsidiary to issue any additional Equity Interest in such Restricted Subsidiary (other than issuing directors’ qualifying shares, nominal shares issued to foreign nationals to the extent required by applicable Requirements of Law and other than issuing Equity Interests to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in compliance with Section 5.04(c)) (each, a “Disposition” and the term “Dispose” as a verb has the corresponding meaning), except:

(a) Dispositions of obsolete, damaged, used, surplus or worn out property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, in the ordinary course of business and Dispositions of property no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, in the conduct of the core or principal business of the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiary (including by ceasing to enforce, abandoning, allowing to lapse, terminate or be invalidated, discontinuing the use or maintenance of or putting into the public domain any Intellectual Property that is, in the reasonable judgment of the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries, no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, or in respect of which the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary determines in its reasonable business judgment that such action or inaction is desirable);

(b) Dispositions of inventory and other assets (including Settlement Assets) or held for sale or no longer used in the ordinary course of business and immaterial assets (considered in the aggregate) in the ordinary course of business;

(c) Dispositions of property to the extent that (i) such property is exchanged for credit against the purchase price of similar replacement property or (ii) an amount equal to Net Proceeds of such Disposition are promptly applied to the purchase price of such replacement property;

(d) Dispositions of property to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary; provided that if the transferor in such a transaction is a Note Party, then either (i) the transferee must be a Note Party, (ii) to the extent constituting an Investment, such Investment must be a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in accordance with Section 5.04 or (iii) to the extent constituting a Disposition to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party, such Disposition is for Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by the Issuer) and any promissory note or other non-cash consideration received in respect thereof is a permitted investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Note Party in accordance with Section 5.04;

(e) Dispositions permitted by Section 5.03, Investments permitted by Section 5.04, Restricted Payments permitted by Section 5.07 and Liens permitted by Section 5.02;

(f) Dispositions of property acquired by the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries after the Issue Date pursuant to sale-leaseback transactions;

(g) Dispositions of Permitted Investments;

 

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(h) Dispositions or forgiveness of accounts receivable in connection with the collection or compromise thereof (including sales to factors or other third parties);

(i) leases, subleases, service agreements, product sales, licenses or sublicenses (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property), in each case that do not materially interfere with the business of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;

(j) transfers of property subject to Casualty Events;

(k) Dispositions of property to Persons other than Restricted Subsidiaries (including the sale or issuance of Equity Interests of a Restricted Subsidiary) for Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer in good faith) not otherwise permitted under this Section 5.05; provided that with respect to any Disposition pursuant to this clause (k) for a purchase price in excess of $200,000,000, the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiaries shall receive not less than 75% of such consideration in the form of cash or Permitted Investments; provided, however, that solely for the purposes of this clause (k), (A) any liabilities (as shown on the most recent balance sheet of the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary or in the footnotes thereto) of the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary, other than liabilities that are by their terms subordinated in right of payment to the Notes Obligations, that are assumed by the transferee with respect to the applicable Disposition and for which the Issuer and all of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall have been validly released by all applicable creditors in writing, shall be deemed to be cash, (B) any securities, notes or other obligations or assets received by the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are converted by the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary into cash or Permitted Investments (to the extent of the cash or Permitted Investments received) within one hundred and eighty (180) days following the closing of the applicable Disposition, shall be deemed to be cash, (C) Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary that ceases to be a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such Disposition (other than intercompany debt owed to the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries), to the extent that the Issuer and all of the Restricted Subsidiaries (to the extent previously liable thereunder) are released from any guarantee of payment of the principal amount of such Indebtedness in connection with such Disposition, shall be deemed to be cash, (D) any Designated Non-Cash Consideration received by the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary in respect of such Disposition having an aggregate Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer in good faith), taken together with all other Designated Non-Cash Consideration received pursuant to this clause (k) that is at that time outstanding, not in excess of $200,000,000 at the time of the receipt of such Designated Non-Cash Consideration, with the Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer in good faith) of each item of Designated Non-Cash Consideration being measured at the time received and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value, shall be deemed to be cash and (E) at the time of and immediately after giving effect to such Disposition, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; provided, that the Controlling Party may waive such requirement;

(l) Dispositions of Investments in joint ventures to the extent required by, or made pursuant to customary buy/sell arrangements between, the joint venture parties set forth in joint venture arrangements and similar binding arrangements;

(m) any Disposition of the Equity Interests of any Immaterial Subsidiary or Unrestricted Subsidiary;

(n) Dispositions of any assets (including Equity Interests) (A) acquired in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited hereunder, which assets are not used or useful to the core or principal business of the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries and (B) made to obtain the approval of any applicable antitrust authority in connection with a Permitted Acquisition;

 

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(o) (i) any Disposition of accounts receivable, Securitization Assets, any participations thereof, or related assets in connection with or any Qualified Securitization Facility, (ii) the sale or discount of inventory, accounts receivable or notes receivable in the ordinary course of business (including sales to factors or other third parties) or in connection with any supplier and/or customer financing or (iii) the conversion of accounts receivable to notes receivable;

(p) transfers of condemned real property as a result of the exercise of “eminent domain” or other similar powers to the respective Governmental Authority or agency that has condemned the same (whether by deed in lieu of condemnation or otherwise), and transfers of real property arising from foreclosure or similar action or that have been subject to a casualty to the respective insurer of such real property as part of an insurance settlement; and

(q) non-exclusive licenses or sublicenses, or other similar grants of rights, to Intellectual Property in the ordinary course of business.

Section 5.06 [Reserved]

Section 5.07 Restricted Payments; Certain Payments of Indebtedness

(a) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, declare or make, or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Payment, except:

(i) each Restricted Subsidiary may make Restricted Payments to (x) the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary, provided that in the case of any such Restricted Payment by a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary, such Restricted Payment is made to an Issuer, any Restricted Subsidiary and to each other owner of Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary based on their relative ownership interests of the relevant class of Equity Interests and (y) Holdings to the extent the proceeds of such Restricted Payments are contributed or loaned or advanced to another Restricted Subsidiary;

(ii) the Issuer and each Restricted Subsidiary may declare and make dividend payments or other distributions payable solely in the Equity Interests of such Person;

(iii) Restricted Payments made in connection with the Transactions;

(iv) repurchases of Equity Interests in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings), any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary deemed to occur upon exercise of stock options or warrants if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price or withholding taxes payable in connection with the exercise of such options or warrants or other incentive interests;

(v) Restricted Payments to Holdings or any Intermediate Parent, which Holdings or such Intermediate Parent may use to redeem, acquire, retire, repurchase or settle its Equity Interests (or any options, warrants, restricted stock or stock appreciation rights or similar securities issued with respect to any such Equity Interests) or Indebtedness or to service Indebtedness incurred by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent companies of Holdings to finance the redemption, acquisition, retirement, repurchase or settlement of such Equity Interest or Indebtedness (or make Restricted Payments to allow any of Holdings’ direct or indirect parent companies to so redeem, retire, acquire or repurchase their Equity Interests or their Indebtedness or to service Indebtedness incurred by Holdings or an Intermediate Parent to finance the redemption, acquisition, retirement, repurchase or settlement of such Equity Interests or Indebtedness or to

 

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service Indebtedness incurred to finance the redemption, retirement, acquisition or repurchase of such Equity Interests or Indebtedness), held directly or indirectly by current or former officers, managers, consultants, members of the Board of Directors, employees or independent contractors (or their respective spouses, former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees) of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof), any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, upon the death, disability, retirement or termination of employment of any such Person or otherwise in accordance with any stock option or stock appreciation rights plan, any management, director and/or employee stock ownership or incentive plan, stock subscription plan, employment termination agreement or any other employment agreements or equity holders’ agreement in an aggregate amount after the Issue Date together with the aggregate amount of loans and advances to Holdings or an Intermediate Parent made pursuant to Section 5.04(l) in lieu of Restricted Payments permitted by this clause (v) not to exceed $15,000,000 in any calendar year with unused amounts in any calendar year being carried over to succeeding calendar years subject to a maximum of $35,000,000 in any calendar year (without giving effect to the following proviso); provided that such amount in any calendar year may be increased by (1) an amount not to exceed the cash proceeds of key man life insurance policies received by the Issuer (or by Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or an Intermediate Parent and contributed to the Issuer) or the Restricted Subsidiaries after the Issue Date, or (2) the amount of any bona fide cash bonuses otherwise payable to members of the Board of Directors, consultants, officers, employees, managers or independent contractors of Holdings, an Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary that are foregone in return for the receipt of Equity Interests, the Fair Market Value of which is equal to or less than the amount of such cash bonuses, which, if not used in any year, may be carried forward to any subsequent fiscal year; provided further that cancellation of Indebtedness owing to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary from members of the Board of Directors, consultants, officers, employees, managers or independent contractors (or their respective spouses, former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees) of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with a repurchase of Equity Interests of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent or the Issuer will not be deemed to constitute a Restricted Payment for purposes of this Section 5.07 or any other provisions of this Indenture.

(vi) other Restricted Payments made by the Issuer; provided that, at the time of making such Restricted Payments, (x) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom and (y) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is equal to or less than 6.00 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period;

(vii) the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiary may make Restricted Payments in cash to the Issuer, Holdings and any Intermediate Parent:

(A) as distributions by the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary to the Issuer or Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) in amounts required for Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) to pay with respect to any taxable period in which the Issuer and/or any of its Subsidiaries is a member of (or the Issuer is a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes wholly owned by a member of) a consolidated, combined, unitary or similar tax group (a “Tax Group”) for U.S. federal and/or applicable foreign, state or local income tax purposes of which Holdings or any other direct or indirect parent of Holdings is the common parent, Taxes that are attributable to the taxable income, revenue, receipts, gross receipts, gross profits, capital or margin of the Issuer and/or its Subsidiaries; provided that, for each taxable period, the amount of such payments made in respect of such taxable period in the aggregate shall not exceed the amount of such Taxes that the Issuer and its Subsidiaries would have been required to pay if they were a stand-alone Tax Group with the Issuer as the corporate common parents of such stand-alone Tax Group (collectively, “Tax Distributions”);

 

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(B) the proceeds of which shall be used by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent to pay (or to make Restricted Payments to allow any direct or indirect parent of Holdings to pay) (1) its operating expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business and other corporate overhead costs and expenses (including administrative, legal, accounting and similar expenses payable to third parties) that are reasonable and customary and incurred in the ordinary course of business, (2) any reasonable and customary indemnification claims made by members of the Board of Directors or officers, employees, directors, managers, consultants or independent contractors of Holdings (or any parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent attributable to the ownership or operations of Holdings, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, (3) fees and expenses (x) due and payable by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries and (y) otherwise permitted to be paid by the Issuer and any Restricted Subsidiaries under this Indenture, (4) to the extent constituting a Restricted Payment, amounts due and payable pursuant to any investor management agreement entered into with the Sponsor after the Issue Date in an aggregate amount not to exceed 2.5% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period at the time of such Restricted Payment and (5) amounts that would otherwise be permitted to be paid pursuant to Section 5.08 (iii) or (xi);

(C) the proceeds of which shall be used by Holdings (or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) to pay franchise and similar Taxes, and other fees and expenses, required to maintain its corporate or other legal existence;

(D) to finance any Investment made by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent that, if made by the Issuer, would be permitted to be made pursuant to Section 5.04; provided that (A) such Restricted Payment shall be made substantially concurrently with the closing of such Investment and (B) Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent shall, immediately following the closing thereof, cause (1) all property acquired (whether assets or Equity Interests but not including any loans or advances made pursuant to Section 5.04(b)) to be contributed to the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries or (2) the Person formed or acquired to merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries to the extent such merger, amalgamation or consolidation is permitted in Section 5.03) in order to consummate such Investment, in each case in accordance with the requirements of Sections 4.13 and 4.14;

(E) the proceeds of which shall be used to pay (or to make Restricted Payments to allow Holdings or any direct or indirect parent thereof or any Intermediate Parent thereof to pay) fees and expenses related to any equity or debt offering not prohibited by this Indenture;

(F) the proceeds of which shall be used to pay customary salary, bonus and other benefits payable to officers and employees of Holdings or any direct or indirect parent company of Holdings or any Intermediate Parent thereof to the extent such salaries, bonuses and other benefits are attributable to the ownership or operation of Holdings, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries; and

(G) the proceeds of which shall be used to make payments permitted by clause (b)(iv) and (b)(v) of this Section 5.07;

 

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(viii) in addition to the foregoing Restricted Payments and so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom, the Issuer may make additional Restricted Payments, in an aggregate amount not to exceed the sum of (A) the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Restricted Payment, so long as on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, plus (B) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Restricted Payment;

(ix) redemptions in whole or in part of any of its Equity Interests for another class of its Equity Interests or with proceeds from substantially concurrent equity contributions or issuances of new Equity Interests; provided that such new Equity Interests contain terms and provisions at least as advantageous to the Holders in all respects material to their interests as those contained in the Equity Interests redeemed thereby;

(x) payments made or expected to be made in respect of withholding or similar Taxes payable by any future, present or former employee, director, manager or consultant and any repurchases of Equity Interests in consideration of such payments including deemed repurchases in connection with the exercise of stock options and the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units;

(xi) payments to Holdings or any Intermediate Parent to permit it to (a) pay cash in lieu of fractional Equity Interests in connection with any dividend, split or combination thereof or any Permitted Acquisition (or other similar Investment) and (b) honor any conversion request by a holder of convertible Indebtedness and make cash payments in lieu of fractional shares in connection with any such conversion and may make payments on convertible Indebtedness in accordance with its terms;

(xii) payments made or expected to be made by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary in respect of withholding or similar Taxes payable upon exercise of Equity Interests by any future, present or former employee, director, officer, manager or consultant (or their respective controlled Affiliates or permitted transferees) and any repurchases of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon exercise of stock options or warrants if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price of such options or warrants or required withholding or similar Taxes;

(xiii) [reserved];

(xiv) the declaration and payment of a Restricted Payment on Holdings’ or the Issuer’s common stock (or the payment of Restricted Payments to any direct or indirect parent company of Holdings to fund a payment of dividends on such company’s common stock), following consummation of an IPO, of up to 6.0% per annum of the net cash proceeds of such IPO received by or contributed to the Issuer, other than public offerings with respect to the IPO Entity’s common stock registered on Form S-8; and

(xv) any distributions or payments of Securitization Fees.

 

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(b) The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) of or in respect of principal of or interest on any Junior Financing, or any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Junior Financing, or any other payment (including any payment under any Swap Agreement) that has a substantially similar effect to any of the foregoing, except:

(i) payment of regularly scheduled interest and principal payments, mandatory offers to repay, repurchase or redeem, mandatory prepayments of principal premium and interest, and payment of fees, expenses and indemnification obligations, with respect to such Junior Financing, other than payments in respect of any Junior Financing prohibited by the subordination provisions thereof;

(ii) refinancings of Indebtedness to the extent permitted by Section 5.01;

(iii) the conversion of any Junior Financing to Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Equity Interests) of Holdings or any of its direct or indirect parent companies or any Intermediate Parent or the Issuer, and any payment that is intended to prevent any Junior Financing from being treated as an “applicable high yield discount obligation” within the meaning of Section 163(i)(1) of the Code;

(iv) prepayments, redemptions, repurchases, defeasances and other payments in respect of Junior Financings prior to their scheduled maturity in an aggregate amount, not to exceed the sum of (A) an amount at the time of making any such prepayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other payment and together with any other prepayments, redemptions, repurchases, defeasances and other payments made utilizing this subclause (A) not to exceed the greater of (1) $60,000,000 and (2) 15% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period after giving Pro Forma Effect to the making of such prepayment, redemption, purchase, defeasance or other payment plus (B) so long as (1) no Event of Default shall have occurred and shall be continuing or would result therefrom and (2) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (x) the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment plus (y) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment;

(v) payments made in connection with the Transactions;

(vi) prepayments, redemptions, purchases, defeasances and other payments in respect of Junior Financing prior to their scheduled maturity; provided that after giving effect to such prepayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other payment, (A) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is less than or equal to 6.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (B) no Event of Default exists or would result therefrom; and

(vii) prepayment of Junior Financing owed to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or the prepayment of Permitted Refinancing of such Indebtedness with the proceeds of any other Junior Financing.

Section 5.08 Transactions with Affiliates

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, sell, lease or otherwise transfer any property or assets to, or purchase, lease or otherwise acquire any property or assets from, or otherwise engage in any other transactions with, any of its Affiliates, except (i) (A) transactions between or among the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary or any entity that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such transaction and (B) transactions involving aggregate payment or consideration of less than

 

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$40,000,000, (ii) on terms substantially as favorable to the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary as would be obtainable by such Person at the time in a comparable arm’s-length transaction with a Person other than an Affiliate, (iii) the payment of fees and expenses related to the Transactions, (iv) the payment of management, consulting, advisory and monitoring fees to the Investors (or management companies of the Investors), or the making of distributions to the Investors (or their Affiliates) pursuant to customary equity arrangements, in an aggregate amount in any fiscal year not to exceed the amount permitted to be paid pursuant to Section 5.07(a)(vii)(B)(4), (v) issuances of Equity Interests of the Issuer to the extent otherwise permitted by this Indenture, (vi) employment and severance arrangements between the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries and their respective officers and employees in the ordinary course of business or otherwise in connection with the Transactions (including loans and advances pursuant to Section 5.04(b) and 5.04(n)), (vii) payments by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to tax sharing agreements among Holdings (and any such parent thereof), any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries on customary terms to the extent attributable to the ownership or operation of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, to the extent such payments are permitted by Section 5.07, (viii) the payment of customary fees and reasonable out-of-pocket costs to, and indemnities provided on behalf of, members of the Board of Directors, officers and employees of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof), the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business to the extent attributable to the ownership or operation of the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries, (ix) transactions pursuant to permitted agreements in existence or contemplated on the Issue Date and set forth on Schedule 5.08 or any amendment thereto to the extent such an amendment is not adverse to the Holders in any material respect, (x) Restricted Payments permitted under Section 5.07 and loans and advances in lieu thereof pursuant to Section 5.04(l), (xi) payments to or from, and transactions with, any joint venture in the ordinary course of business (including, without limitation, any cash management activities related thereto), (xii) transactions with customers, clients, suppliers, contractors, joint venture partners or purchasers or sellers of goods or services that are Affiliates, in each case in the ordinary course of business and which are fair to the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries, in the reasonable determination of the Issuer, or are on terms at least as favorable as might reasonably have been obtained at such time from an unaffiliated party, (xiii) sales of accounts receivable, or participations therein, or Securitization Assets or related assets in connection with or any Qualified Securitization Facility, (xv) payments made in connection with the Transactions and (xv) customary payments by the Issuer and its Restricted Subsidiaries to the Sponsor made for any financial advisory, consulting, financing, underwriting or placement services or in respect of other investment banking activities (including in connection with acquisitions, divestitures or financings), which payments are approved by the majority of the members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Issuer or such Restricted Subsidiary in good faith and (xvi) any other (A) Indebtedness permitted under Section 5.01 and Liens permitted under Section 5.02; provided that such Indebtedness and Liens are on terms which are fair and reasonable to the Issuer and its Subsidiaries as determined by the majority of the disinterested members of the board of directors of the Issuer and (B) transactions permitted under Section 5.03, Investments permitted under Section 5.04 and Restricted Payments permitted under Section 5.07.

Section 5.09 Restrictive Agreements

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, enter into any agreement, instrument, deed or lease that prohibits or limits the ability of any Note Party to create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of their respective properties or revenues, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, for the benefit of the Note Secured Parties with respect to the Notes Obligations or under the Notes Documents; provided that the foregoing shall not apply to:

(a) restrictions and conditions imposed by (1) Requirements of Law, (2) any Notes Document, (4) any documentation governing First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt, (5) any documentation governing other Indebtedness (other than intercompany debt owed to the Issuer or the

 

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Restricted Subsidiaries) that do not materially impair the Issuer’s ability to make payments on the Notes, (6) any documents governing Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt, Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt, Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt or Permitted Third Priority Refinancing Debt, (7) any documentation governing Indebtedness incurred pursuant to Section 5.01(a)(xxiv) or Section 5.01(a)(vii), (viii), (x), (xvi), (xxiii) and (xxviii) and (8) any documentation governing any Permitted Refinancing incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness referenced in clauses (1) through (6) above;

(b) customary restrictions and conditions existing on the Issue Date and any extension, renewal, amendment, modification or replacement thereof, except to the extent any such amendment, modification or replacement expands the scope of any such restriction or condition;

(c) restrictions and conditions contained in agreements relating to the sale of a Subsidiary or any assets pending such sale; provided that such restrictions and conditions apply only to the Subsidiary or assets that is or are to be sold and such sale is permitted hereunder;

(d) customary provisions in leases, licenses, sublicenses and other contracts (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property) restricting the assignment thereof;

(e) restrictions imposed by any agreement relating to secured Indebtedness permitted by this Indenture to the extent such restriction applies only to the property securing such Indebtedness;

(f) any restrictions or conditions set forth in any agreement in effect at any time any Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (but not any modification or amendment expanding the scope of any such restriction or condition); provided that such agreement was not entered into in contemplation of such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and the restriction or condition set forth in such agreement does not apply to the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary;

(g) restrictions or conditions in any Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 5.01 that is incurred or assumed by Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Note Parties to the extent such restrictions or conditions are no more restrictive in any material respect than the restrictions and conditions in the Notes Documents or, in the case of Junior Financing, are market terms at the time of issuance and are imposed solely on such Restricted Subsidiary and its Subsidiaries;

(h) restrictions on cash (or Permitted Investments) or other deposits imposed by agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business (or other restrictions on cash or deposits constituting Permitted Encumbrances);

(i) restrictions set forth on Schedule 5.09 and any extension, renewal, amendment, modification or replacement thereof, except to the extent any such amendment, modification or replacement expands the scope of any such restriction or condition;

(j) customary provisions in joint venture agreements and other similar agreements applicable to joint ventures permitted by Section 5.04;

(k) customary restrictions contained in leases, subleases, licenses, sublicenses or asset sale agreements otherwise permitted hereby so long as such restrictions relate only to the assets subject thereto;

(l) customary provisions restricting subletting or assignment of any lease governing a leasehold interest of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Restricted Subsidiary; and

 

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(m) customary net worth provisions contained in real property leases entered into by Subsidiaries, so long as the Issuer has determined in good faith that such net worth provisions would not reasonably be expected to impair the ability of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries to meet their ongoing obligations.

Section 5.10 Amendment of Junior Financing

The Issuer will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, amend or modify the documentation governing any Junior Financing if the effect of such amendment or modification is materially adverse to the Holders; provided that such modification will not be deemed to be materially adverse if such Junior Financing could be otherwise incurred under this Indenture (including as Indebtedness that does not constitute a Junior Financing) with such terms as so modified at the time of such modification.

Section 5.11 Changes in Fiscal Periods

The Issuer will not make any change in fiscal year; provided, however, that the Issuer may, upon written notice to the Trustee and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Accounts and thereafter, the Holders, change its fiscal year to any other fiscal year reasonably acceptable to the Controlling Party, in which case, the Issuer and the Trustee will, and are hereby authorized by the Holders to, make any adjustments to this Indenture that are necessary to reflect such change in fiscal year.

Section 5.12 Restriction on Affiliated Lenders

Without the consent of the Controlling Party, none of Holdings, the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries shall (a) make any amendments or other modifications to the Credit Agreement (as in effect on the Issue Date) that would have the effect of (x) increasing the aggregate amount of Term Loans that Affiliated Lenders are permitted to hold under Section 9.04(f)(iv) of the Credit Agreement or (y) making less restrictive the limitations on the voting power of Affiliate Lenders under the Credit Agreement or (b) enter into documentation governing any other First Lien Obligations unless the provisions in the documentation governing such other First Lien Obligations are substantially identical to, or less favorable to Affiliated Lenders than, the provisions described in the foregoing clause (a) (to the extent such concept is included in such documentation); provided that notwithstanding anything in this Indenture or any other agreement to the contrary, in the event that any Affiliated Lender acquires or holds any Indebtedness, or exercises any voting power with respect to any First Lien Obligations (including any Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement), in each case in excess of the limitations set forth in the Credit Agreement (as in effect on the Issue Date), no Default or Event of Default shall arise hereunder unless Holdings, the Issuer or the Restricted Subsidiaries are in violation of the foregoing clauses (a) and (b).

ARTICLE 6

DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

Section 6.01 Events of Default.

Any of the following events shall constitute an event of default (any such event, an “Event of Default”):

(a) any Note Party shall fail to pay any principal of any Note when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at the due date thereof or at a date fixed for redemption thereof or otherwise;

 

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(b) any Note Party shall fail to pay any interest on any Note or any fee or any other amount (other than an amount referred to in clause (a) of this Section 6.01) payable under any Notes Document, when and as the same shall become due and payable, and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of five (5) Business Days;

(c) any representation or warranty made or deemed made by or on behalf of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with any Notes Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, or in any report, certificate, financial statement or other document furnished pursuant to or in connection with any Notes Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect when made or deemed made, and such incorrect representation or warranty (if curable) shall remain incorrect for a period of 30 days after notice thereof to the Issuer from (x) the Trustee or (y) Holders of at least 30% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes (with a copy to the Trustee);

(d) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in Sections 4.06 (with respect to the existence of Holdings, the Issuer or any such Intermediate Parents or Restricted Subsidiaries), 4.08, 4.12, 4.17(b) or in Article 5 (other than Section 5.08 or 5.11);

(e) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in any Notes Document (other than those specified in clauses (a), (b) or (d) of this Section 6.01), and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of thirty (30) days after written notice thereof to the Issuer from (x) the Trustee or (y) Holders of at least 30% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes (with a copy to the Trustee);

(f) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to make any payment (whether of principal or interest and regardless of amount) (in the case of the Credit Agreement, limited to payment at maturity thereof) in respect of any Material Indebtedness, when and as the same shall become due and payable (after giving effect to any applicable grace period);

(g) any event or condition occurs that results in any Material Indebtedness becoming due prior to its scheduled maturity or that enables or permits (with all applicable grace periods having expired) the holder or holders of any Material Indebtedness or any trustee or agent on its or their behalf to cause any Material Indebtedness to become due, or to require the prepayment, repurchase, redemption or defeasance thereof, prior to its scheduled maturity, provided that this paragraph (g) shall not apply to (i) secured Indebtedness that becomes due as a result of the sale, transfer or other disposition (including as a result of a casualty or condemnation event) of the property or assets securing such Indebtedness (to the extent such sale, transfer or other disposition is not prohibited under this Indenture) or (ii) termination events or similar events occurring under any Swap Agreement that constitutes Material Indebtedness (it being understood that paragraph (f) of this Section 6.01 will apply to any failure to make any payment required as a result of any such termination or similar event); provided further that (i) a default under any financial covenant in such Material Indebtedness shall not constitute an Event of Default unless and until the lenders or holders with respect to such Material Indebtedness have actually declared all such obligations to be immediately due and payable and terminate the commitments in accordance with the agreement governing such Material Indebtedness and such declaration has not been rescinded by the required lenders with respect to such Material Indebtedness on or before such date and (ii) a breach or default by any Loan Party (as defined in the Credit Agreement) with respect to the Credit Agreement will not constitute an Event of Default unless the agent and/or lenders thereunder have demanded repayment of, or otherwise accelerated, any of the Indebtedness or other obligations thereunder (and such amount remains unpaid);

 

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(h) an involuntary proceeding shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed seeking (i) liquidation, court protection, reorganization or other relief in respect of Holdings, the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or its debts, or of a material part of its assets, under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law, now or hereafter in effect or (ii) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, examiner, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for Holdings, the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or for a material part of its assets, and, in any such case, such proceeding or petition shall continue undismissed or unstayed for 60 days or an order or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered;

(i) Holdings, the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary shall (i) voluntarily commence any proceeding or file any petition seeking liquidation, court protection, reorganization or other relief under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law, now or hereafter in effect, (ii) consent to the institution of, or fail to contest in a timely and appropriate manner, any proceeding or petition described in clause (h) of this Section 6.01, (iii) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, examiner, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for Holdings, the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or for a material part of its assets, (iv) file an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any such proceeding or (v) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors;

(j) one or more enforceable judgments for the payment of money in an aggregate amount in excess of $100,000,000 (to the extent not covered by insurance as to which the insurer has been notified of such judgment or order and has not denied coverage) shall be rendered against Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or any combination thereof and the same shall remain undischarged for a period of 60 consecutive days during which execution shall not be effectively stayed, or any judgment creditor shall legally attach or levy upon assets of such Note Party that are material to the businesses and operations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to enforce any such judgment;

(k) an ERISA Event occurs that has resulted or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;

(l) any Lien purported to be created under any Security Document shall cease to be, or shall be asserted in writing by any Note Party not to be, a valid and perfected Lien on any material portion of the Collateral, with the priority required by the applicable Security Documents, except (i) as a result of the sale or other disposition of the applicable Collateral to a Person that is not a Note Party in a transaction permitted under the Notes Documents, (ii) as a result of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s (or the Credit Agreement Agent as its bailee under the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement) failure to maintain possession, subject to any applicable Intercreditor Agreement, of any stock certificates, promissory notes or other instruments delivered to it under the Security Documents or (iii) as to Collateral consisting of Material Real Property to the extent that such losses are covered by a lender’s title insurance policy and such insurer has not denied coverage or (iv) as a result of acts of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Credit Agreement Agent as its bailee under the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement) or any Initial Purchaser;

 

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(m) any material provision of any Notes Document or any Guarantee of the Notes Obligations shall for any reason be asserted in writing by any Note Party not to be a legal, valid and binding obligation of any Note Party thereto other than as expressly permitted hereunder or thereunder;

(n) any Guarantees of the Notes Obligations by any Note Party pursuant to this Indenture shall cease to be in full force and effect (in each case, other than in accordance with the terms of the Notes Documents); or

(o) a Change of Control shall occur.

Section 6.02 Acceleration.

If any Event of Default (other than an event with respect to Holdings or the Issuer described in clause (h) or (i) of Section 6.01) shall occur and be continuing under this Indenture, (x) the Trustee by written notice to the Issuer may declare or (y) the Holders of at least 30% in aggregate principal amount of the then total outstanding Notes by written notice to the Issuer and Trustee may declare the principal, premium, if any, interest and any other monetary obligations on all the then outstanding Notes to be due and payable immediately. Upon the effectiveness of such declaration, such principal and interest shall be due and payable immediately.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if an Event of Default under clause (h) or (i) of Section 6.01 hereof occurs with respect to Holdings or the Issuer, the principal, premium, if any, interest and any other monetary obligations on all the then outstanding Notes shall be due and payable immediately without further action or notice.

The Controlling Party by written notice to the Trustee may on behalf of all of the Holders waive all past or any existing Default or Event of Default and rescind an acceleration and its consequences; provided such rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and if all existing Events of Default (except nonpayment of principal, interest, or premium, if any, that has become due solely because of the acceleration) have been cured or waived.

Section 6.03 Other Remedies.

At any time when an Event of Default under Section 6.01(a), (b), (h) or (i) exists, any overdue amounts shall bear interest, to the fullest extent permitted by law, at a rate that is 2.00% per annum above the rate then borne by (in the case of such principal) such amount of principal outstanding or (in the case of interest) the amount of principal outstanding to which such amount relates. Any additional interest that accrues by virtue of the operation of this Section 6.03 shall be payable in cash on demand and, to the extent applicable, in accordance with Section 2.12.

If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Notes or this Indenture.

The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Notes or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder of a Note in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. All remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

 

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Section 6.04 Waiver of Past Defaults.

The Controlling Party by notice to the Trustee may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Notes waive any existing Default and its consequences under this Indenture, except a continuing Default in the payment of interest on, premium, if any, or the principal of any Note held by a non-consenting Holder (including in connection with an Redemption Offer); provided, subject to Section 6.02 hereof, that the Controlling Party may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from such acceleration. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

Section 6.05 Control by Majority.

Subject to Section 7.01(e) hereof, the Controlling Party may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent of exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee or the Collateral and the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may act at the written direction of the Holders or Beneficial Owners, as the case may be, without liability. The Trustee, however, may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture or that the Trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of any other Holder of a Note or that would involve the Trustee in personal liability (it being understood that neither the Trustee nor the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent has any duty to determine whether a direction is prejudicial to any Holder).

Section 6.06 Limitation on Suits.

Subject to Section 6.07 hereof, no Holder of a Note may pursue any remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Notes unless:

(1) such Holder has previously given the Trustee written notice that an Event of Default is continuing;

(2) Holders of at least 30% in aggregate principal amount of the total outstanding Notes have requested the Trustee to pursue the remedy;

(3) Holders of the Notes have offered and, if requested, provided to the Trustee indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense;

(4) the Trustee has not complied with such request within 60 days after the receipt thereof and the offer of security or indemnity; and

(5) the Controlling Party has not given the Trustee a direction inconsistent with such request within such 60-day period.

A Holder of a Note may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder of a Note or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of a Note.

Section 6.07 Rights of Holders of Notes to Receive Payment.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder of a Note to receive payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Note, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Note (including in connection with an Redemption Offer), or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder.

 

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Section 6.08 Collection Suit by Trustee.

If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(a) or (b) hereof occurs and is continuing, the Trustee is authorized to recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Issuer for the whole amount of principal of, premium, if any, and interest remaining unpaid on the Notes and interest on overdue principal and, to the extent lawful, interest and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the compensation and reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

Section 6.09 Restoration of Rights and Remedies.

If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceedings, the Issuer, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding has been instituted.

Section 6.10 Rights and Remedies Cumulative.

Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes in Section 2.07 hereof, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

Section 6.11 Delay or Omission Not Waiver.

No delay or omission of the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or of any Holder of any Note to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

Section 6.12 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

The Trustee is authorized to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the compensation and reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel), the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (including any claim for the compensation and reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its agents and counsel) and the Holders of the Notes allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Issuer (or any other obligor upon the Notes including the Notes Guarantors), its creditors or its property and shall be entitled and empowered to participate as a member in any official committee of creditors appointed in such matter and to collect, receive and distribute any money or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and any custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to

 

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the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, their agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under Section 7.07 hereof or the other Notes Documents. To the extent that the payment of any such compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof out of the estate in any such proceeding, shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a Lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, money, securities and other properties that the Holders may be entitled to receive in such proceeding whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Holder, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

Section 6.13 Priorities.

Subject to the terms of any applicable Intercreditor Agreement, if the Trustee collects any money or property pursuant to this Article 6, it shall pay out the money or property in the following order:

(i) FIRST: to the Trustee, its agents and attorneys for amounts due under Section 7.07 hereof, including payment of all compensation, expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee and the costs and expenses of collection and to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for amounts due to it under this Indenture and the Notes Documents;

(ii) SECOND: to Holders of Notes for amounts due and unpaid on the Notes for principal, premium, if any, and interest, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Notes for principal, premium, if any, and interest, respectively;

(iii) THIRD: without duplication, to the Purchasers and any other Secured Parties for any other Notes Obligations owing to the Purchasers or such other Secured Parties under the Notes Documents; and

(iv) FOURTH: to any agent of any other junior secured debt, in accordance with any applicable Intercreditor Agreement; and

(v) FIFTH: to the Note Parties, their successors or assigns, or to such party as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct, including a Notes Guarantor, if applicable.

The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders of Notes pursuant to this Section 6.13.

Section 6.14 Undertaking for Costs.

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as a Trustee, a court in its reasonable discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its reasonable discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 6.14 does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder of a Note pursuant to Section 6.07 hereof, or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.

 

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ARTICLE 7

TRUSTEE AND FIRST LIEN NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT

Section 7.01 Duties of Trustee.

(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

(i) the duties of the Trustee shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Indenture and the Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However, in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).

(c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(i) this Section 7.01(c) does not limit the effect of Section 7.01(b);

(ii) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved in a court of competent jurisdiction that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

(iii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05 hereof.

(d) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to clauses (a), (b) and (c) of this Section 7.01 and Section 7.02(f).

(e) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders or Beneficial Owners of the Notes, unless the Holders have offered, and if requested, provided to the Trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense.

 

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(f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Issuer. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

(g) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and to each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder, including the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and Calculation Agent, except that references in Section 7.07 to “negligence”, to the extent they relate to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or Calculation Agent, shall be deemed to be references to “gross negligence.”

Section 7.02 Rights of Trustee.

(a) The Trustee may conclusively rely upon any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document, but the Trustee, in its reasonable discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Issuer, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Issuer and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation.

(b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel or both shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon.

(c) The Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent or attorney appointed with due care.

(d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith that it believes to be authorized or within the rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture.

(e) Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Issuer shall be sufficient if signed by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer.

(f) None of the provisions of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise to incur any liability, financial or otherwise, in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or security or indemnity satisfactory to it against such risk or liability is not assured to it.

(g) The Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a Default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Notes and this Indenture.

(h) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

 

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(i) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder, including the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

(j) The Trustee may request that the Issuer and any Notes Guarantor deliver an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the names of the individuals and/or titles of Responsible Officers (with specimen signatures) authorized at such times to take specific actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officer’s Certificate may be signed by any person specified as so authorized in any certificate previously delivered and not superseded.

(k) The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers and duties hereunder.

(l) The permissive right of the Trustee to take or refrain from taking any actions enumerated herein shall not be construed as a duty.

(m) In the absence of written notice from the applicable representative of the Accounts to the contrary, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to conclusively treat the Disposition Date as having not occurred.

(n) Without limiting the generality of any of the other protections granted to the Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, whenever in this Indenture or any Notes Document, an action is to be taken by, notice given to or it be otherwise desireable to determine the identity of and/or the amount of Notes Beneficially Owned by, an Account, an Account Party or the Controlling Party, the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to conclusively rely on an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer and shall have no liability to any Account, Account Party, Holder, Note Party or other Person for acting in reliance thereon. Each of the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to) request that Accounts and Account Parties furnish such information to it in writing to enable the Trustee and/or First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, to determine whether consent or direction from a Controlling Party has been obtained, and shall be entitled to make such determination or not make any determination on the basis of the information so furnished; provided, however, that if an Account or Account Party shall fail or refuse reasonably promptly to provide the requested information, the Trustee or First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, shall be entitled to make any such determination by such method as it may, in the exercise of its good faith judgment, determine. Each of the Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may rely conclusively, and shall be fully protected in so relying, on any determination made by it in accordance with the provisions of this Section 7.02(o) (or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction) and shall have no liability to any Account, Account Party, Holder, Note Party or other Person as a result of such determination.

Section 7.03 Individual Rights of Trustee.

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and may otherwise deal with the Issuer or any Affiliate of the Issuer with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. However, in the event that the Trustee acquires any conflicting interest it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the SEC for permission to continue as trustee or resign. Any Agent may do the same with like rights and duties. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11 hereof.

 

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Section 7.04 Trustees Disclaimer.

The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Notes, it shall not be accountable for the Issuer’s use of the proceeds from the Notes or any money paid to the Issuer or upon the Issuer’s direction under any provision of this Indenture, it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee, and it shall not be responsible for any statement or recital herein or any statement in the Notes or any other document in connection with the sale of the Notes or pursuant to this Indenture other than its certificate of authentication.

Section 7.05 Notice of Defaults.

If a Default occurs and is continuing and if it is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall send to Holders of Notes a notice of the Default within 90 days after it occurs. Except in the case of a Default relating to the payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest on any Note, the Trustee may withhold from the Holders notice of any continuing Default if and so long as a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of the Holders of the Notes. The Trustee shall not be deemed to know of any Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is such a Default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

Section 7.06 [Reserved].

Section 7.07 Compensation and Indemnity.

The Issuer shall pay to the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent from time to time such compensation for its acceptance of this Indenture and services hereunder and under the other applicable Notes Documents as the parties shall agree in writing from time to time. Neither the Trustee’s nor the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s compensation shall be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Issuer shall reimburse the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent promptly upon request for all reasonable disbursements, advances and expenses incurred or made by it in addition to the compensation for its services. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s agents and counsel.

The Issuer and the Notes Guarantors, jointly and severally, shall indemnify the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and each of their respective officers, directors, employees and agents (each, an “Indemnitee”) for, and hold the Indemnitees harmless against, any and all loss, damage, claim, liability or expense (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by any of them in connection with the acceptance or administration of this trust and the performance of its duties hereunder and under the other applicable Notes Documents (including the costs and expenses of enforcing this Indenture against the Issuer or any of the Notes Guarantors (including this Section 7.07) or defending itself against any claim whether asserted by any Holder, the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor, or liability in connection with the acceptance, exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder or thereunder). An Indemnitee shall notify the Issuer promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Indemnitee to so notify the Issuer shall not relieve the Issuer of its obligations hereunder. The Issuer shall defend the claim and the Indemnitee may have separate counsel and the Issuer shall pay the fees and expenses of such counsel. The Issuer need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss, liability or expense incurred by the Trustee through the Trustee’s own willful misconduct or gross negligence.

 

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The obligations of the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors under this Section 7.07 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as the case may be.

To secure the payment obligations of the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a Lien prior to the Notes on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Notes. Such Lien shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee.

When the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(h) or (i) hereof occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services (including the fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

The Trustee shall comply with the provisions of Trust Indenture Act Section 313(b)(2) to the extent applicable.

Section 7.08 Replacement of Trustee.

A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section 7.08. The Trustee may resign in writing at any time and be discharged from the trust hereby created by so notifying the Issuer. The Controlling Party may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Trustee and the Issuer in writing. The Issuer may remove the Trustee if:

(a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof;

(b) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;

(c) a custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or

(d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Controlling Party may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Issuer.

If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee (at the Issuer’s expense), the Issuer or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

If the Trustee, after written request by any Holder who has been a Holder for at least six months, fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof, such Holder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

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A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Issuer. Thereupon, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. The successor Trustee shall send a notice of its succession to Holders. The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee; provided all sums owing to the Trustee hereunder have been paid and subject to the Lien provided for in Section 7.07 hereof. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.08, the Issuer’s obligations under Section 7.07 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee.

Section 7.09 Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.

If the Trustee consolidates, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee.

Section 7.10 Eligibility; Disqualification.

There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder that is a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any state thereof that is authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trustee power, that is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities and that has a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.

This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of Trust Indenture Act Sections 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee is subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 310(b).

Section 7.11 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer.

The Trustee is subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in Trust Indenture Act Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Trust Indenture Act Section 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.

Section 7.12 Security Documents; Intercreditor Agreements.

By their acceptance of the Notes, the Holders hereby authorize and direct the Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as the case may be, to execute and deliver the Intercreditor Agreements and any Security Documents in which the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, is named as a party, including any Security Documents or Intercreditor Agreements executed after the Issue Date. It is hereby expressly acknowledged and agreed that, in doing so, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent are (a) expressly authorized to make the representations attributed to Holders in any such agreements and (b) not responsible for the terms or contents of such agreements, or for the validity or enforceability thereof, or the sufficiency thereof for any purpose. Whether or not so expressly stated therein, in entering into, or taking (or forbearing from) any action under, the Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent each shall have all of the rights, immunities, indemnities and other protections granted to it under this Indenture (in addition to those that may be granted to it under the terms of such other agreement or agreements).

Section 7.13 Replacement of First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may resign at any time by so notifying the Issuer in writing not less than 30 days prior to the effective date of such resignation. The Controlling Party may remove the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent by so notifying the removed First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in writing not less than 30 days prior to the effective date of such removal and may appoint a successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent with the Issuer’s written consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld. The Issuer shall remove the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent if:

(i) the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent fails to comply with Section 7.10;

(ii) the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent;

 

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(iii) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or its property; or

(iv) the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent otherwise becomes incapable of acting.

If the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent resigns or is removed by the Issuer or by the Controlling Party and such Holders do not reasonably promptly appoint a successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent as described in the preceding paragraph, or if a vacancy exists in the office of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for any reason (the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in such event being referred to herein as the retiring First Lien Notes Collateral Agent), the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

A successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and to the Issuer. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall become effective, and the successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under this Indenture. The successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall mail a notice of its succession to Holders. The retiring First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, at the expense of the Issuer, promptly transfer all property held by it as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to the successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, subject to the Lien provided for in Section 7.07.

If a successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent does not take office within 60 days after the retiring First Lien Notes Collateral Agent resigns or is removed, the retiring First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the Notes may petition, at the Issuer’s expense, any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

Notwithstanding the replacement of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 7.13, the Issuer’s obligations under Section 7.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The predecessor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have no liability for any action or inaction of any successor First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

ARTICLE 8

LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

Section 8.01 Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

The Issuer may, at its option and at any time, elect to have either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof applied to all outstanding Notes upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article 8.

 

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Section 8.02 Legal Defeasance and Discharge.

Upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.02, the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be deemed to have been discharged from their obligations with respect to all outstanding Notes and Notes Guarantees on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (“Legal Defeasance”). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that the Issuer shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the outstanding Notes, which shall thereafter be deemed to be “outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 8.05 hereof and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in (a) and (b) below, and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Notes and this Indenture including that of the Notes Guarantors (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute such instruments requested by the Issuer acknowledging the same), except for the following provisions which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder:

(a) the rights of Holders of Notes to receive payments in respect of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Notes when such payments are due solely out of the trust created pursuant to this Indenture referred to in Section 8.04 hereof;

(b) the Issuer’s obligations with respect to Notes concerning issuing temporary Notes, registration of such Notes, mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes and the maintenance of an office or agency for payment and money for security payments held in trust;

(c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, and the Issuer’s and the Notes Guarantor’s obligations in connection therewith; and

(d) this Section 8.02.

Subject to compliance with this Article 8, the Issuer may exercise its option under this Section 8.02 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.03 hereof.

Section 8.03 Covenant Defeasance.

Upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03, the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be released from their obligations under the covenants contained in Sections 4.01, 4.06, 4.07, 4.08, 4.10, 4.11, 4.13, 4.14, 4.15, 4.18 and Article 5 (except Section 5.03 shall still apply to the Issuer) hereof with respect to the outstanding Notes on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof are satisfied (“Covenant Defeasance”), and the Notes shall thereafter be deemed not “outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed “outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that such Notes shall not be deemed outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Notes, the Issuer may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01 hereof, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Notes shall be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Issuer’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, Section 6.01(c) or (d) (in each case solely with respect to the defeased covenants listed above), 6.01(e), 6.01(g), 6.01(j), 6.01(k), 6.01(l), 6.01(m) and 6.01(n) shall not constitute Events of Default.

 

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Section 8.04 Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance.

The following shall be the conditions to the application of either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof to the outstanding Notes:

(1) the Issuer must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, cash in Dollars, Government Securities, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest due on the Notes on the stated maturity date or on the redemption date, as the case may be, of such principal, premium, if any, or interest on such Notes and the Issuer must specify whether such Notes are being defeased to maturity or to a particular redemption date;

(2) in the case of Legal Defeasance, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel confirming that, subject to customary assumptions and exclusions,

(a) the Issuer has received from, or there has been published by, the United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or

(b) since the issuance of the Notes, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law,

in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, subject to customary assumptions and exclusions, the Holders and Beneficial Owners of the Notes shall not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as applicable, as a result of such Legal Defeasance and shall be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred;

(3) in the case of Covenant Defeasance, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel confirming that, subject to customary assumptions and exclusions, the Holders and Beneficial Owners of the Notes shall not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and shall be subject to such tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;

(4) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under the Credit Agreement or any other material agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which, the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor is a party or by which the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor is bound (other than that resulting from borrowing funds to be applied to make such deposit and any similar and simultaneous deposit relating to other Indebtedness and, in each case, the granting of Liens in connection therewith);

(5) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Issuer with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any creditors of the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor or others; and

(6) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel (which Opinion of Counsel may be subject to customary assumptions and exclusions) each stating that all conditions precedent provided for or relating to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant Defeasance, as the case may be, have been complied with.

 

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Section 8.05 Deposited Money and Government Securities to Be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions.

Subject to Section 8.06 hereof, all money and Government Securities (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 8.05, the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof in respect of the outstanding Notes shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Notes and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Notes of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

The Issuer shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or Government Securities deposited pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the outstanding Notes.

Anything in this Article 8 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Issuer from time to time upon the request of the Issuer any money or Government Securities held by it as provided in Section 8.04 hereof which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under Section 8.04(1) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

Section 8.06 Repayment to Issuer.

Subject to applicable abandoned property law, any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Issuer, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Issuer on its request or (if then held by the Issuer) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter look only to the Issuer for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Issuer as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease.

Section 8.07 Reinstatement.

If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any Dollars or Government Securities in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be, by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Issuer’s obligations under this Indenture and the Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be; provided that, if the Issuer makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Issuer shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to receive such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

 

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ARTICLE 9

AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER

Section 9.01 Without Consent of Holders of Notes.

Notwithstanding Section 9.02 hereof, the Issuer, any Notes Guarantor (with respect to a Notes Guarantee or this Indenture) as applicable, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may amend, supplement or modify this Indenture and the Security Documents and the Issuer may direct the Trustee to, and the Trustee shall and shall direct the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to, enter into an amendment to any Intercreditor Agreement, without the consent of any Holder if such amendment, supplement or modification is made for any purpose set forth in clauses (1) through (15) below:

(1) to cure any ambiguity, omission, mistake, defect or inconsistency;

(2) to provide for uncertificated Notes of such series in addition to or in place of certificated Notes;

(3) to provide for the assumption of the Issuer’s or any Notes Guarantor’s obligations to the Holders pursuant to Section 5.03;

(4) to make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the Holders or that does not materially and adversely affect the legal rights of any such Holder under this Indenture;

(5) to add covenants for the benefit of the Holders or to surrender any right or power conferred upon the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor;

(6) to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act;

(7) to evidence and provide for the acceptance and appointment under this Indenture of a successor Trustee thereunder pursuant to the requirements thereof;

(8) to provide for the issuance of exchange notes or private exchange notes, which are identical to exchange notes except that they are not freely transferable;

(9) to add a Notes Guarantor or a co-obligor of the Notes under this Indenture;

(10) to make any amendment to the provisions of this Indenture relating to the transfer and legending of Notes as permitted by this Indenture, including, without limitation to facilitate the issuance and administration of the Notes; provided, however, that (i) compliance with this Indenture as so amended would not result in Notes being transferred in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable securities law and (ii) such amendment does not materially and adversely affect the rights of Holders to transfer Notes;

(11) to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant any other Lien in favor of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, as additional security for the payment and performance of all or any portion of the Notes Obligations, in any property or assets, including any which are required to be mortgaged, pledged or hypothecated, or in which a Lien is required to be granted to or for the benefit of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Indenture or otherwise;

 

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(12) to provide for the release of Collateral from the Lien pursuant to this Indenture and the Security Documents when permitted or required by this Indenture, or any Intercreditor Agreement;

(13) to effect any changes pursuant to Section 5.11; or

(14) to effect technical and other changes that are administrative and ministerial in nature to give effect to any replacement to Adjusted LIBOR Rate (or to effect any other changes that are solely associated with the implementation of such Adjusted LIBOR Rate and are customarily implemented in similar facilities in connection with such implementation), in each case, determined as a result of the procedures set forth in Paragraph 15 of the Notes.

Upon the request of the Issuer, and upon receipt by the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, of the documents described in Sections 9.06 and 13.03, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, if applicable, will join with the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors, if applicable, in the execution of any amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents unless such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents affects the Trustee’s or First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture, the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Document or otherwise, in which case the Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, if applicable, may in their reasonable discretion, but will not be obligated to, enter into such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents.

Section 9.02 With Consent of Holders of Notes.

(a) Except as provided in this Section 9.02, the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may amend or supplement the Notes Documents, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements with the consent of the Controlling Party, including, without limitation, consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for Notes, and subject to Section 6.04 and Section 6.07, any existing Default or Event of Default (other than a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, except a payment default resulting from an acceleration that has been rescinded) or compliance with any provision of the Notes Documents, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements may be waived with the consent of the Controlling Party (including consents obtained in connection with a purchase of or tender offer or exchange offer for the Notes). Section 2.08 and Section 2.09 hereof shall determine which Notes are considered to be “outstanding” for this purposes of this Section 9.02.

(b) If the Issuer or the Notes Guarantors amend, modify, waive or supplement any of the Notes Documents, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements as provided in Section 9.02(a), the Issuer or the Notes Guarantors, as applicable, shall offer to each other Holder holding the Notes as of the date of such amendment, modification, waiver or supplement (i) the opportunity to consent to the same amendment, modification, waiver or supplement consented to by the Controlling Party and (ii) an opportunity to participate in any related exchange or similar transaction, and receive a consent fee (if any) upon substantially similar terms and in the same amount as offered to any other Holder.

 

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(c) Upon the request of the Issuer, and upon the filing with the Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, as applicable, of evidence of the consent of the Holders of Notes as aforesaid, and upon receipt by the Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent of the documents described in Section 9.06 and Section 13.03, the Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, if applicable, will join with the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors, if applicable, in the execution of any amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents unless such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents affects the Trustee’s or First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, if applicable, may in their reasonable discretion, but will not be obligated to, enter into such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or any Security Documents.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Notes under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.

After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section 9.02 becomes effective, the Issuer shall send to the Holders of Notes affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of the Issuer to send such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amended or supplemental indenture or waiver.

Without the consent of each directly and adversely affected Holder of Notes, an amendment or waiver under this Section 9.02 may not (with respect to any Notes held by a non-consenting Holder):

(1) reduce the principal amount of such Notes whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

(2) reduce the principal of or change the fixed final maturity of any such Note or alter or waive the provisions with respect to the redemption of such Notes (other than provisions relating to Section 3.09 to the extent that any such amendment or waiver does not have the effect of reducing the principal of or changing the fixed final maturity of any such Note or altering or waiving the provisions with respect to the redemption of such Notes) (it being understood that a waiver of any Default or Event of Default shall not constitute an extension of the fixed final maturity date);

(3) reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on any Note; provided that this clause (3) shall not prevent the implementation of any successor rate to Adjusted LIBOR Rate as set forth in Exhibit A hereto;

(4) waive a Default in the payment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Notes, except a rescission of acceleration of the Notes by the Controlling Party and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration, or in respect of a covenant or provision contained in this Indenture or any Notes Guarantee which cannot be amended or modified without the consent of all Holders;

(5) make any Note payable in money other than that stated therein;

(6) make any change in the provisions of this Indenture relating to waivers of past Defaults or the rights of Holders to receive payments of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Notes;

(7) make any change in these amendment and waiver provisions;

 

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(8) impair the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of, or interest on such Holder’s Notes on or after the due dates therefor or to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to such Holder’s Notes;

(9) make any change to or modify the ranking of the Notes that would adversely affect the Holders;

(10) except as expressly permitted by this Indenture, modify the Notes Guarantees of Holdings or any Material Subsidiary in any manner materially adverse to the Holders of the Notes or release Holdings or any Notes Guarantor that is a Material Subsidiary from its obligations under its Notes Guarantee or this Indenture; or

(11) release all or substantially all of the Collateral in any transaction or series of related transactions (other than in accordance with the express terms of this Indenture); or

(12) make any change to the provisions in Section 3.02 and (g)(viii) relating to redemption of the Notes on a Pro Rata Basis or Section 6.13 relating to priorities.

Section 9.03 Note Purchase Agreement.

For the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 9.01 or 9.02 or otherwise in this Article 9, this Article 9 (other than this Section 9.03) shall not apply to the Note Purchase Agreement, it being understood that the Note Purchase Agreement may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified, and the terms thereof may be waived, in each case, in accordance with the terms set forth in the Note Purchase Agreement.

Section 9.04 Revocation and Effect of Consents.

Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Note is a continuing consent by the Holder of a Note and every subsequent Holder of a Note or portion of a Note that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Note, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Note. However, any such Holder of a Note or subsequent Holder of a Note may revoke the consent as to its Note if the Trustee receives written notice of revocation before the date the waiver, supplement or amendment becomes effective. An amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective in accordance with its terms and thereafter binds every Holder.

The Issuer may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver. If a record date is fixed, then, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only such Persons, shall be entitled to consent to such amendment, supplement, or waiver or to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 120 days after such record date unless the consent of the requisite number of Holders has been obtained.

Section 9.05 Notation on or Exchange of Notes.

The Trustee may place an appropriate notation about an amendment, supplement or waiver on any Note thereafter authenticated. The Issuer in exchange for all Notes may issue and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of an Authentication Order, authenticate new Notes that reflect the amendment, supplement or waiver.

 

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Failure to make the appropriate notation or issue a new Note shall not affect the validity and effect of such amendment, supplement or waiver.

Section 9.06 Trustee and First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to Sign Amendments, Etc.

The Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall sign any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article 9 if the amendment or supplement does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The Issuer may not sign an amendment, supplement or waiver until the board of directors or similar governing body of the Issuer approves it. In executing any amendment, supplement or waiver, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to receive and (subject to Section 7.01 hereof) shall be fully protected in relying upon, in addition to the documents required by Section 13.03 hereof, an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture or amendment or supplement to the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements or Security Documents, as the case may be, is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and the Notes Documents, Intercreditor Agreements and Security Documents and that such amendment, supplement or waiver is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Issuer and any Notes Guarantors party thereto, enforceable against them in accordance with its terms, subject to customary exceptions, and complies with the provisions hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing and upon satisfaction of the requirements set forth in Section 9.01 hereof but without limiting the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, no Opinion of Counsel shall be required to be delivered to the Trustee in connection with the addition of a Notes Guarantor under this Indenture.

ARTICLE 10

NOTES GUARANTEES

Section 10.01 Guarantee.

Subject to this Article 10, each of the Notes Guarantors hereby, jointly and severally irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees, to each Holder of a Note authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and their successors and assigns, irrespective of the validity and enforceability of this Indenture, the Notes, the Notes Documents or the obligations of the Issuer hereunder or thereunder, that: (a) the principal of, interest, and premium on the Notes shall be promptly paid in full when due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, redemption or otherwise, and interest on the overdue principal of and interest on the Notes, if any, if lawful, and all other Notes Obligations shall be promptly paid in full or performed, all in accordance with the terms hereof and the terms of the other Notes Documents; and (b) in case of any extension of time of payment or renewal of any Notes or any of such other obligations, that same shall be promptly paid in full when due or performed in accordance with the terms of the extension or renewal, whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise (all the foregoing being hereinafter collectively called the “Guaranteed Obligations”). Failing payment when due of any amount so guaranteed or any performance so guaranteed for whatever reason, the Notes Guarantors shall be jointly and severally obligated to pay the same immediately. Each Notes Guarantor agrees that this is a guarantee of payment and not a guarantee of collection and waives any right to require that any resort be had by any Holder to any security held for payment of the Guaranteed Obligations.

The Notes Guarantors hereby agree that their obligations hereunder shall be unconditional, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Notes or this Indenture or the other Notes Documents, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent by any Holder of the Notes with respect to or any amendment of any provisions hereof or thereof, the recovery of any judgment

 

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against the Issuer, any action to enforce the same or any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a guarantor. Each Notes Guarantor hereby waives diligence, presentment, demand of payment, filing of claims with a court in the event of insolvency or bankruptcy of the Issuer, any right to require a proceeding first against the Issuer, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever and covenants that this Notes Guarantee shall not be discharged except by complete performance of the obligations contained in the Notes, this Indenture and the other Notes Documents.

Each Notes Guarantor further agrees (to the extent permitted by law) that the Guaranteed Obligations may be extended or renewed, in whole or in part, without notice or further assent from it, and that it will remain bound under this Article 10 notwithstanding any extension or renewal of any Guaranteed Obligation.

Except as set forth in Section 10.02, the obligations of each Notes Guarantor hereunder shall not be subject to any reduction, limitation, impairment or termination for any reason (other than payment of the Guaranteed Obligations in full), including any claim of waiver, release, surrender, alteration or compromise, and shall not be subject to any defense of setoff, counterclaim, recoupment or termination whatsoever or by reason of the invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of the Guaranteed Obligations or otherwise. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Guaranteed Obligations of each Notes Guarantor herein shall not be discharged or impaired or otherwise affected by (a) the failure of the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder to assert any claim or demand or to enforce any right or remedy against the Issuer or any other Person under this Indenture, the Notes or any other agreement or otherwise; (b) any extension or renewal of any thereof; (c) any rescission, waiver, amendment or modification of any of the terms or provisions of this Indenture, the Notes or any other agreement; (d) the release of any security held by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder for the Guaranteed Obligations; (e) the failure of the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder to exercise any right or remedy against any other Notes Guarantor; (f) any change in the ownership of the Issuer; (g) any default, failure or delay, willful or otherwise, in the performance of the Guaranteed Obligations; or (h) any other act or thing or omission or delay to do any other act or thing which may or might in any manner or to any extent vary the risk of any Notes Guarantor or would otherwise operate as a discharge of such Notes Guarantor as a matter of law or equity.

Each Notes Guarantor also agrees to pay any and all costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Holder in enforcing any rights under this Section 10.01.

If any Holder, the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent is required by any court or otherwise to return to the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors or any custodian, trustee, liquidator or other similar official acting in relation to either the Issuer or the Notes Guarantors, any amount paid either to the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or such Holder, this Notes Guarantee, to the extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect.

Each Notes Guarantor agrees that it shall not be entitled to any right of subrogation in relation to the Holders in respect of any obligations guaranteed hereby until payment in full of all obligations guaranteed hereby. Each Notes Guarantor further agrees that, as between the Notes Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Holders, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Trustee, on the other hand, (x) the maturity of the obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in Article 6 hereof for the purposes of this Notes Guarantee, notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such acceleration in respect of the obligations guaranteed hereby, and (y) in the event of any declaration of acceleration of such obligations as provided in Article 6 hereof, such obligations (whether or not due and payable) shall forthwith become due and payable by the Notes Guarantors for the purpose of this Notes Guarantee. The Notes Guarantors shall have the right to seek contribution from any non-paying Notes Guarantor so long as the exercise of such right does not impair the rights of the Holders under the Notes Guarantees.

 

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Each Notes Guarantee shall remain in full force and effect and continue to be effective should any petition be filed by or against the Issuer for liquidation or reorganization, should the Issuer become insolvent or make an assignment for the benefit of creditors or should a receiver or trustee be appointed for all or any significant part of the Issuer’s assets, and shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment and performance of the Notes are, pursuant to applicable law, rescinded or reduced in amount, or must otherwise be restored or returned by any obligee on the Notes or Notes Guarantees, whether as a “voidable preference,” “fraudulent transfer” or otherwise, all as though such payment or performance had not been made. In the event that any payment, or any part thereof, is rescinded, reduced, restored or returned, the Notes shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be reinstated and deemed reduced only by such amount paid and not so rescinded, reduced, restored or returned.

In case any provision of any Notes Guarantee shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

The Notes Guarantee issued by any Notes Guarantor shall be a senior secured obligation of such Notes Guarantor and shall be pari passu in right of payment with all existing and future Indebtedness of such Notes Guarantor, except to the extent such other Indebtedness is subordinate in right of payment to the Guaranteed Obligations, in which case the obligations of the Notes Guarantors under the Notes Guarantees will rank senior in right of payment to such other Indebtedness.

Each Notes Guarantor assumes all responsibility for being and keeping itself informed of the Issuer’s and each other Notes Guarantor’s financial condition and assets, and of all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Guaranteed Obligations and the nature, scope and extent of the risks that such Notes Guarantor assumes and incurs hereunder, and agrees that none of the Secured Parties will have any duty to advise such Notes Guarantor of information known to it or any of them regarding such circumstances or risks.

Section 10.02 Limitation on Notes Guarantors Liability.

Each Notes Guarantor, and by its acceptance of Notes, each Holder, hereby confirms that it is the intention of all such parties that the Notes Guarantee of such Notes Guarantor not constitute a fraudulent transfer or conveyance for purposes of Bankruptcy Law, the Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act, the Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act or any similar federal or state law to the extent applicable to any Notes Guarantee. To effectuate the foregoing intention, the Trustee, the Holders and the Notes Guarantors hereby irrevocably agree that the obligations of each Notes Guarantor shall be limited to the maximum amount as will, after giving effect to such maximum amount and all other contingent and fixed liabilities of such Notes Guarantor that are relevant under such laws and after giving effect to any collections from, rights to receive contribution from or payments made by or on behalf of any other Notes Guarantor in respect of the obligations of such other Notes Guarantor under this Article 10, result in the obligations of such Notes Guarantor under its Notes Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under applicable law. Each Notes Guarantor that makes a payment under its Notes Guarantee shall be entitled upon payment in full of all Notes Obligations under this Indenture to a contribution from each other Notes Guarantor in an amount equal to such other Notes Guarantor’s pro rata portion of such payment based on the respective net assets of all the Notes Guarantors at the time of such payment determined in accordance with GAAP.

 

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Section 10.03 Execution and Delivery.

To evidence its Notes Guarantee set forth in Section 10.01 hereof, each Notes Guarantor hereby agrees that this Indenture shall be executed on behalf of such Notes Guarantor by a Responsible Officer of such Notes Guarantor.

Each Notes Guarantor hereby agrees that its Notes Guarantee set forth in Section 10.01 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the absence of the endorsement of any notation of such Notes Guarantee on the Notes.

If a Responsible Officer whose signature is on this Indenture no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Note, the Notes Guarantee shall be valid nevertheless.

The delivery of any Note by the Trustee, after the authentication thereof hereunder, shall constitute due delivery of the Notes Guarantee set forth in this Indenture on behalf of the Notes Guarantors.

If required by Section 4.13 hereof, the Issuer shall cause any newly created or acquired Restricted Subsidiary to comply with the provisions of Section 4.13 hereof and this Article 10, to the extent applicable.

Section 10.04 Subrogation.

Each Notes Guarantor shall be subrogated to all rights of Holders of Notes against the Issuer in respect of any amounts paid by any Notes Guarantor pursuant to the provisions of Section 10.01 hereof; provided that, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, no Notes Guarantor shall be entitled to enforce or receive any payments arising out of, or based upon, such right of subrogation until all amounts then due and payable by the Issuer under this Indenture or the Notes or the other Notes Documents shall have been paid in full.

Section 10.05 Benefits Acknowledged.

Each Notes Guarantor acknowledges that it shall receive direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements contemplated by this Indenture and that the guarantee and waivers made by it pursuant to its Notes Guarantee are knowingly made in contemplation of such benefits.

Section 10.06 Release of Guarantees.

A Notes Guarantee by a Notes Guarantor shall be automatically and unconditionally released and discharged, and no further action by such Notes Guarantor, the Issuer or the Trustee is required for the release of such Notes Guarantor’s Notes Guarantee, upon:

(i) (A) with respect to any Notes Guarantor that is a Restricted Subsidiary, any sale, exchange or transfer (by merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise) of the Equity Interests of such Notes Guarantor (including any sale, exchange or transfer), after which the applicable Notes Guarantor is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary;

(B) such Notes Guarantor being (or being substantially concurrently) released or discharged from its obligations under all of its Guarantees of payment by the Issuer of any Indebtedness of the Issuer under the Credit Agreement, except a release or discharge by or as a result of payment under such Guarantee (it being understood that a release subject to a contingent reinstatement is still considered a release) and will constitute a release for the purposes of this provision, and that if any such Guarantee is so reinstated under the Credit Agreement, such Guarantee shall also be reinstated to the extent that such Notes Guarantor would then be required to provide a Note Guarantee hereunder;

 

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(C) with respect to any Notes Guarantor that is a Restricted Subsidiary, the designation of such Restricted Subsidiary that is a Notes Guarantor as an Unrestricted Subsidiary in compliance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture or such Restricted Subsidiary otherwise qualifying as an Excluded Subsidiary under such definition (other than solely as a result of becoming a Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary);

(D) the Issuer’s exercising its Legal Defeasance option or Covenant Defeasance option in accordance with Article 8 hereof or the satisfaction and discharge of the Issuer’s obligations under this Indenture in accordance with Article 11 hereof; or

(E) the release or discharge of such Notes Guarantee in accordance with Article 9 of this Indenture; and

(ii) the Issuer delivering to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to such transaction have been complied with.

ARTICLE 11

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

Section 11.01 Satisfaction and Discharge.

This Indenture shall be discharged and shall cease to be of further effect as to all Notes, when either:

(i) all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered, except lost, stolen or destroyed Notes which have been replaced or paid and Notes for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust, have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

(ii) (A) all Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable by reason of the making of a notice of redemption or otherwise, shall become due and payable within one year or may be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Issuer and the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust solely for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, cash in Dollars, Government Securities or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient without consideration of any reinvestment of interest to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the Notes not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation for principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest to the date of maturity or redemption;

(B) the Issuer has paid or caused to be paid all sums payable by it under this Indenture; and

(C) the Issuer has delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the Notes at maturity or the redemption date, as the case may be

 

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In addition, the Issuer must deliver an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the Trustee stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge have been satisfied; provided that any such counsel may rely on any Officer’s Certificate as to matters of fact (including as to compliance with the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii)).

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the provisions of Section 7.07 hereof shall survive and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (A) of clause Section 11.01(ii) of this Section 11.01, the provisions of Section 11.02 and Section 8.06 hereof shall survive.

Section 11.02 Application of Trust Money.

Subject to the provisions of Section 8.06 hereof, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 11.01 hereof shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Notes and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Issuer acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium, if any) and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with the Trustee; but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any money or Government Securities in accordance with Section 11.01 hereof by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the Issuer’s and any Notes Guarantor’s obligations under this Indenture and the Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 11.01 hereof; provided that if the Issuer has made any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Notes because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Issuer shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to receive such payment from the money or Government Securities held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

ARTICLE 12

COLLATERAL

Section 12.01 Security Documents.

The payment of the principal, interest and premium, if any, on the Notes and the Notes Guarantees when due, whether on an Interest Payment Date, at maturity, by acceleration, repurchase, redemption or otherwise and whether by the Issuer pursuant to the Notes or by any Notes Guarantor pursuant to its Notes Guarantee, the payment of all other Notes Obligations of the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors under this Indenture, the Notes, the Notes Guarantees and the Security Documents and performance of all other obligations of the Issuer and any Notes Guarantor to the Holders of Notes or the Trustee under this Indenture, the Notes and any Notes Guarantee, according to the terms hereunder or thereunder, are secured as provided in the Security Documents, which the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors have entered into simultaneously with the execution of this Indenture and will be secured by Security Documents delivered after the date of this Indenture as required or permitted by this Indenture, subject to the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreements. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Indenture or the Security Documents, the Issuer and each Notes Guarantor will, and each Notes Guarantor will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, do or cause to be done all such acts and things as may be required to cause the Security Documents to create valid, enforceable and perfected Liens as and to the extent required hereby, and by the Intercreditor Agreements and the Security Documents, so as to render the same available for the security and benefit of this Indenture and of the Notes secured thereby, according to the intent and purposes herein expressed. The Issuer and each Notes Guarantor will take, and each Notes Guarantor will cause its Subsidiaries to take any and all actions and make all filings (including the filing of UCC financing

 

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statements, continuation statements and amendments thereto) reasonably required to cause the Security Documents to create and maintain, as security for the Notes Obligations of the Issuer hereunder, a valid and enforceable perfected Lien in and on all the Collateral ranking in right and priority of payment as to the extent required by this Indenture, the Intercreditor Agreements and the other Notes Documents and subject to no other Liens other than as permitted by the terms of this Indenture.

Section 12.02 First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

(a) The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent agrees that it will hold the security interests in the Collateral created under the Security Documents to which it is a party as contemplated by this Indenture and the Intercreditor Agreements, and any and all proceeds thereof, for the benefit of, among others, the Trustee and the Holders, without limiting the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s rights, including under this Section 12.02, to act in preservation of the security interest in the Collateral. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent is authorized and empowered to appoint one or more co-collateral agents as it deems necessary or appropriate; provided, however, that no First Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder shall be personally liable by reason of any act or omission of any other First Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder.

(b) Neither the Trustee nor the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent nor any of their respective officers, directors, employees, attorneys or agents will be responsible or liable for the existence, genuineness, value or protection of any Collateral, for the legality, enforceability, effectiveness, or sufficiency of the Security Documents or Intercreditor Agreements, for the creation, perfection, priority, sufficiency or protection of any Lien, including without limitation not being responsible for payment of any Taxes, charges or assessments upon the Collateral or otherwise as to the maintenance of the Collateral, or for any defect or deficiency as to any such matters, or for any failure to demand, collect, foreclose or realize upon or otherwise enforce any of the Liens or Security Documents or any delay in doing so. Neither the Trustee nor the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent nor any of their respective officers, directors, employees, attorneys or agents will be responsible or liable for making any filings or recordings to perfect or maintain the perfection of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s Lien in the Collateral, including, without limitation, the filing of any UCC financing statements, continuation statements, Mortgages or any filings with respect to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or U.S. Copyright Office.

(c) The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent will be subject to such directions as may be given to it by the Trustee, the Controlling Party or the Required Holders from time to time (as required or permitted by this Indenture). Except as directed by the Trustee as required or permitted by this Indenture and any other representatives, and only if indemnified by the Trustee, the Controlling Party or the Required Holders to its satisfaction, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent will not be obligated:

(i) to act upon directions purported to be delivered to it by any Person;

(ii) to foreclose upon or otherwise enforce any Lien created under the Security Documents; or

(iii) to take any other action whatsoever with regard to any or all of the Liens, Security Documents or Collateral.

(d) The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent will be accountable only for amounts that it actually receives as a result of the enforcement of the Liens or Security Documents.

 

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(e) In acting as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder and under the other Notes Documents, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon and enforce each and all of the rights, privileges, immunities, indemnities and benefits of the Trustee under Article 7.

(f) At all times when the Trustee is not itself the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Issuer will deliver to the Trustee copies of all Security Documents delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and copies of all documents delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the Security Documents.

(g) The Issuer and each of the Holders by acceptance of the Notes hereby designates and appoints the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent as its agent under this Indenture, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements, and the Issuer and each of the Holders by acceptance of the Notes hereby irrevocably authorizes the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to take such action on its behalf under the provisions of this Indenture, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements, and to exercise such powers and perform such duties as are expressly delegated to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent by the terms of this Indenture, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements, and consents and agrees to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreements and each Security Document, as the same may be in effect or may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with their respective terms. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent agrees to act as such on the express conditions contained in this Section 12.02.

(h) The duties of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be ministerial and administrative in nature, and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall not have any duties or responsibilities, except those expressly set forth herein and in the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements, to which the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent is a party, nor shall the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent have or be deemed to have any trust or other fiduciary relationship with the Trustee, any Holder or any Note Party, and no implied covenants, functions, responsibilities, duties, obligations or liabilities shall be read into this Indenture, the Security Documents or the Intercreditor Agreements, or otherwise exist against the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody of the Collateral in its possession if the Collateral is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which it accords its own property and shall not be liable or responsible for any loss or diminution in the value of any of the Collateral, by reason of the act or omission of any carrier, forwarding agency or other agent or bailee selected by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in good faith.

Section 12.03 Release of Collateral

(a) Subject to Section 12.03(b) and (c) hereof, the Liens on the Collateral securing the Notes will be released in whole or in part, as applicable, under one or more of the following circumstances:

(i) in whole upon:

(A) satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as set forth under Article 11;

or

(B) a Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance of this Indenture as set forth under Article 8;

(ii) in whole or in part, as applicable, with the consent of the requisite Holders of Notes in accordance with Article 9 of this Indenture, including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for, or purchase of Notes;

 

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(iii) in part and automatically, as to any asset constituting Collateral:

(A) that becomes an Excluded Asset or is sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of by the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor to any Person that is not (either before or after giving effect to such transaction) the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor in a transaction permitted by the Notes Documents and the documentation governing any Credit Agreement Obligations if all other Liens on that asset securing the Credit Agreement Obligations then secured by that asset (including all commitments thereunder) are released and such release is not made in connection with the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations; provided that, if otherwise required by this Indenture, the Controlling Party (or after the Disposition Date and (x) prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement or (y) after the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations, the Required Holders) shall have consented to any such transaction and the terms of such consent shall not have provided otherwise;

(B) that is owned by a Notes Guarantor that has been released from its Notes Guarantee in accordance with Section 10.02, concurrently with the release of such Notes Guarantee;

(C) that is otherwise released in accordance with Section 5.01 of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, Section 2.04 of the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and Section 2.6 of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement (if applicable), but subject to any restrictions thereon set forth herein or therein; or

(D) that is otherwise released as Collateral securing the Credit Agreement Obligations (other than in connection with a Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations);

provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, on the date of the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations, the Liens on the Collateral under the Notes Documents will not be released, except to the extent that such Collateral or any portion thereof was disposed of in compliance with the terms of the applicable Intercreditor Agreements in order to repay Notes Obligations secured by such Collateral.

(b) With respect to any release of the Liens on the Collateral, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that all conditions precedent under this Indenture and the other Notes Documents, as applicable, to such release have been met and that it is proper for the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to execute and deliver the documents requested by the Issuer in connection with such release, and any necessary or proper instruments of termination, satisfaction, discharge or release prepared by the Issuer (unless such release qualifies under Section 4.14(c), in which event, the written request and evidence of the Credit Agreement Agent consent shall be the only documentation required), the Trustee shall, or shall cause the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to, execute, deliver or acknowledge (at the Issuers’ expense) such instruments or releases to evidence the release and discharge of any Collateral permitted to be released pursuant to this Indenture. Neither the Trustee nor the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be liable for any such release undertaken in reliance upon any such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel, and notwithstanding any term hereof or in any other Notes Document to the contrary, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall not be under any obligation to release any such Lien and security interest, or execute and deliver any such instrument of release, satisfaction, discharge or termination, unless and until it receives such Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel.

 

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(c) At any time when an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the maturity of the Notes has been accelerated (whether by declaration or otherwise) and the Trustee has delivered notice of acceleration to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, no release of the Liens on the Collateral pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture or the Security Documents shall be effective as against the Holders, except as otherwise provided in the Intercreditor Agreements.

Section 12.04 Suits to Protect the Collateral

Subject to the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreements and the Security Documents, the Trustee is authorized and empowered to institute and maintain, or direct the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to institute and maintain, such suits and proceedings to protect or enforce the Liens securing the Notes or to prevent any impairment of the Collateral by any acts which may be unlawful or in violation of any of the Security Documents or this Indenture, and such suits and proceedings to preserve or protect its interest and the interests of the Holders of the Notes in the Collateral (including suits or proceedings to restrain the enforcement of or compliance with any legislative or other governmental enactment, rule or order that may be unconstitutional or otherwise invalid if the enforcement of, or compliance with, such enactment, rule or order would impair the Liens created under the Security Documents or be prejudicial to the interests of the Holders of the Notes).

Section 12.05 Authorization of Actions to be Taken

(a) Each Holder of Notes consents and agrees to the terms of each Security Document, as originally in effect and as amended, supplemented or replaced from time to time in accordance with its terms or the terms of this Indenture, authorizes and directs the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to enter into the Security Documents to which it is a party, authorizes and empowers the Trustee to direct the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to enter into, and the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to execute and deliver, the Intercreditor Agreements, and authorizes and empowers the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to bind the Holders of Notes as set forth in the Security Documents to which it is a party and the Intercreditor Agreements and to perform its obligations and exercise its rights and powers thereunder. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver, approval, exercise of judgment or discretion, designation or other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, taken or exercised by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, shall be given, taken or exercised by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent at the direction of the Trustee who shall seek directions from (x) the Controlling Party (prior to the Disposition Date), (y) unless a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and subject to the Intercreditor Agreements, the Issuer (accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate evidencing the consent from the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the corresponding requirement in the First Lien Credit Agreement (after the Disposition Date but prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations)) or (z) the Required Holders (after the Disposition Date and the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations). The Issuer and Notes Guarantors shall deliver any notice, agreement, certificate or other document delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in connection with any of the Notes Documents to the Trustee.

(b) The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Trustee are authorized and empowered to receive for the benefit of the Holders of Notes any funds collected or distributed under the Security Documents to which the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Trustee is a party and to make further distributions of such funds to the Holders of Notes according to the provisions of this Indenture and the Intercreditor Agreements.

(c) Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, Section 7.02 and the Intercreditor Agreements, the Trustee may (but shall not be obligated to), in its sole and reasonable discretion and without the consent of any Holders, direct, on behalf of the Holders, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to take all actions it deems necessary or appropriate in order to:

 

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(i) foreclose upon or otherwise enforce any or all of the Liens created under the Security Documents;

(ii) enforce any of the terms of the Security Documents or Intercreditor Agreements to which the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or Trustee is a party; or

(iii) collect and receive payment of any and all Notes Obligations to the extent then due and payable.

Section 12.06 Purchaser Protected.

In no event shall any purchaser in good faith of any property purported to be released hereunder be bound to ascertain the authority of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the Trustee to execute the release or to inquire as to the satisfaction of any conditions required by the provisions hereof for the exercise of such authority or to see to the application of any consideration given by such purchaser or other transferee; nor shall any purchaser or other transferee of any property or rights permitted by this Article 12 to be sold be under any obligation to ascertain or inquire into the authority of the Issuer or the applicable Notes Guarantor to make any such sale or other transfer.

Section 12.07 Powers Exercisable by Receiver or Trustee.

In case the Collateral shall be in the possession of a receiver or trustee, lawfully appointed, the powers conferred in this Article 12 upon the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor with respect to the release, sale or other disposition of such property may be exercised by such receiver or trustee, and an instrument signed by such receiver or trustee shall be deemed the equivalent of any similar instrument of the Issuer or a Notes Guarantor or of any Responsible Officer or Responsible Officers thereof required by the provisions of this Article 12; and if the Trustee shall be in the possession of the Collateral under any provision of this Indenture, then such powers may be exercised by the Trustee.

Section 12.08 Release Upon Termination of the Issuers Obligations

In the event that the Issuer delivers to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying that (i) payment in full of the principal of, together with accrued and unpaid interest on, the Notes and all other Notes Obligations under this Indenture, the Notes, the Notes Guarantees, the Security Documents and the other Notes Documents that are due and payable at or prior to the time such principal, together with accrued and unpaid interest, are paid or (ii) the Issuer shall have exercised its Legal Defeasance option or its Covenant Defeasance option, in each case in compliance with the provisions of Article 8, the Trustee shall deliver to the Issuer and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent a notice stating that the Trustee, on behalf of the Holders, disclaims and gives up any and all rights it has in or to the Collateral, and any rights it has under the Security Documents, and upon receipt by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent of such notice, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be deemed not to hold a Lien in the Collateral on behalf of the Trustee and shall execute, deliver or authorize the filing of (at the expense of the Issuer) such documents reasonably requested by the Issuer to evidence and reflect the release and discharge of such Lien as soon as is reasonably practicable.

 

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Section 12.09 No Impairment of the Security Interests.

Except as otherwise permitted under this Indenture, the Intercreditor Agreements and the Security Documents, neither the Issuer nor any of the Notes Guarantors will be permitted to take any action, or knowingly omit to take any action, which action or omission would have the result of impairing the security interest with respect to the Collateral for the benefit of the Trustee, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Holders of the Notes.

ARTICLE 13

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 13.01 Notices.

Any notice or communication by the Issuer, any Notes Guarantor, the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to the others is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), fax or overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to the others’ address:

If to the Issuer and/or any Notes Guarantor:

c/o Sotera Health Holdings, LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, OH 44147

Email: SLeffler@soterahealth.com

Attention: Scott Leffler

With a copy to:

Sotera Health Holdings, LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, OH 44147

Email: MKlaben@soterahealth.com

Attention: Matthew Klaben

Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP

One Liberty Plaza

New York, NY 10006

Email: kreaves@cgsh.com

Attention: Katherine Reaves

If to the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent:

Wilmington Trust, National Association

1100 North Market Street

Wilmington, Delaware 19890

Fax No.: 302-636-4145

Attention: Sotera Health Holdings, LLC Administrator

 

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If to Goldman, Sachs & Co. LLC, its Account Parties or other Holders related thereto:

c/o Goldman, Sachs & Co. LLC

200 West Street

New York, NY 10282

Email: Jeff.Boyd@gs.com and Kirsten.Hagen@gs.com

Attn: Jeff Boyd and Kristen Hagen

If to Ares Capital Management LLC, its Account Parties or other Holders related thereto:

c/o Ares Capital Management LLC

245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor

New York, NY 10167 Email: rbrown@aresmgmt.com and BondSettlement@aresmgmt.com

Attention: Rob Brown

If to Oak Hill Advisors, L.P., its Account Parties or other Holders related thereto:

Oak Hill Advisors, L.P.

1114 Avenue of the Americas, 27th Floor

New York, NY 10036

Email: jtoronto@oakhilladvisors.com, estaver@oakhilladvisors.com and CSchones@oakhilladvisors.com

Attention: John Toronto, Eric Staver and Courtney Schones

In the case of notices to the Accounts, with a copy to:

Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP

767 Fifth Avenue

New York, NY 10153

Email: Michael.Hickey@weil.com and Justin.D.Lee@weil.com

Attention: Michael Hickey, Esq. and Justin D. Lee, Esq.

The above parties, by notice to the others, may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

All notices and communications (other than those sent to Holders) shall be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally delivered; on first date on which publication is made, if by publication; five (5) calendar days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed by first-class mail; when receipt acknowledged, if faxed; and the next Business Day after timely delivery to the courier, if sent by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery; provided that any notice or communication delivered to the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be deemed effective upon actual receipt thereof.

Any notice or communication to a Holder shall be mailed by first-class mail, certified or registered, return receipt requested, or by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery to its address shown on the register kept by the Registrar. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or any Note, where this Indenture or any Note provides for notice of any event (including any notice of redemption or purchase) to a Holder of a Global Note (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice shall be sufficiently given if given to the Depositary pursuant to the standing instructions from the Depositary.

 

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If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it.

If the Issuer mails a notice or communication to Holders, it shall mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

The Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent agree to accept and act upon instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, facsimile transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods. If the Issuer, any Notes Guarantor or any Holder elects to give the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions by a similar electronic method) and the Trustee in its reasonable discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Trustee’s and/or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s understanding of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. The Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Trustee’s or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding if such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties.

Section 13.02 Communication by Holders of Notes with Other Holders of Notes.

Holders may communicate pursuant to Trust Indenture Act Section 312(b) with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Notes. The Issuer, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of Trust Indenture Act Section 312(c).

Section 13.03 Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.

Upon any request or application by the Issuer or any of the Notes Guarantors to the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to take any action under this Indenture or any other Notes Documents, the Issuer or such Notes Guarantor, as the case may be, shall furnish to the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent:

(a) An Officer’s Certificate in form satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 12.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent and covenants, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been satisfied; and

(b) An Opinion of Counsel in form satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 12.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent and covenants have been satisfied.

Section 13.04 Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to Section 4.04 hereof and shall include:

(a) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;

 

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(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

(c) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with (and, in the case of an Opinion of Counsel, may be limited to reliance on an Officer’s Certificate as to matters of fact); and

(d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with; provided that with respect to matters of fact, an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an Officer’s Certificate or certificates of public officials.

Section 13.05 Rules by Trustee and Agents.

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of Holders. The Registrar or Paying Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.

Section 13.06 No Personal Liability of Directors, Responsible Officers, Employees and Stockholders.

No past, present or future director, officer, employee, incorporator, member, partner or stockholder of the Issuer or any Notes Guarantor or any of their direct or indirect parent companies (other than the Issuer and the Notes Guarantors), in their capacities as such, shall have any liability for any obligations of the Issuer or the Notes Guarantors under the Notes, the Notes Guarantees or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting Notes waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Notes.

Section 13.07 Governing Law.

THIS INDENTURE, THE NOTES AND THE NOTES GUARANTEES WILL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

Section 13.08 Waiver of Jury Trial.

EACH OF THE ISSUER, THE GUARANTORS, THE TRUSTEE AND THE FIRST LIEN NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE NOTES OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

Section 13.09 Submission to Jurisdiction.

The Issuer and the Guarantors agree that any suit, action or proceeding against the Issuer or any Guarantor brought by any Holder, the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent arising out of or based upon this Indenture or any Notes Document may be instituted in any state or Federal court in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, and each of them irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any suit, action or proceeding. The Issuer and the Guarantors irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection to any suit, action, or proceeding that may be brought in connection with this Indenture or the other Notes Documents, including such actions, suits or proceedings relating to securities laws of the United States of America or any state thereof, in such courts whether on the grounds of venue, residence or domicile or on the ground that any such suit, action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

 

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Section 13.10 Force Majeure.

In no event shall the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Indenture or the Notes Documents arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its reasonable control, including without limitation strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, pandemics, epidemics, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software or hardware) services (it being understood that the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall use reasonable best efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances).

Section 13.11 No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.

This Indenture may not be used to interpret any other indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Issuer or its Restricted Subsidiaries or of any other Person. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

Section 13.12 Successors.

All agreements of the Issuer in this Indenture and the Notes shall bind its successors. All agreements of the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in this Indenture shall bind its respective successors. All agreements of each Notes Guarantor in this Indenture shall bind its successors, except as otherwise provided in Section 10.05 hereof.

Section 13.13 Severability.

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

Section 13.14 Counterpart Originals.

The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent one and the same agreement. The exchange of copies of this Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture and signature pages for all purposes. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or PDF shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes.

Section 13.15 Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.

The Table of Contents and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part of this Indenture and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

 

150


Section 13.16 U.S.A. PATRIOT Act.

The parties hereto acknowledge that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The parties to this Indenture agree that they will provide the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent with such information as the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may reasonably request in order for the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act.

Section 13.17 Calculation Agent.

The Issuer hereby initially appoints Wilmington Trust, National Association to serve as Calculation Agent for the Notes and Wilmington Trust, National Association hereby accepts such appointment. The Issuer hereby agrees that, for so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, there will at all times be an agent appointed to calculate the Adjusted LIBOR Rate and the Applicable Rate in respect of each Interest Period when required by and in accordance with the terms of paragraph 1 of the Notes (the “Calculation Agent”). The Calculation Agent may be removed at any time. The Calculation Agent’s sole responsibility shall be (i) to determine the Adjusted LIBOR Rate and the Applicable Rate when required by and in accordance with the terms of paragraph 1 of the Notes and (ii) to notify the Issuer and, upon written request, any Holder of the Notes, of the Adjusted LIBOR Rate and/or the Applicable Rate. In acting as Calculation Agent hereunder, the Calculation Agent shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon and enforce each and all of the rights, privileges, immunities, indemnities and benefits of the Trustee under Article 7. The resignation or removal of the Calculation Agent shall not be effective without a successor having been duly appointed.

The determination of the Applicable Rate and/or Adjusted LIBOR Rate by the Calculation Agent shall, in the absence of manifest error, be binding on all parties.

[Signature pages follow]

 

151


SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, as Issuer
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., as Holdings
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

[Signature Page to Indenture]


NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

[Signature Page to Indenture]


SOTERA HEALTH LLC
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Indenture]


STERIGENICS U.S., LLC
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Indenture]


SOTERA HEALTH SERVICES, LLC
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Indenture]


STERIGENICS RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES HOLDINGS, LLC
By:   /s/ Matthew D. Shimkus
  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title: Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

[Signature Page to Indenture]


STERIGENICS RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
By:   /s/ Matthew D. Shimkus
  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title: Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

[Signature Page to Indenture]


NELSON LABORATORIES HOLDINGS, LLC
By:   /s/ Bruce T. Krarup
  Name: Bruce T. Krarup
  Title: Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

[Signature Page to Indenture]


NELSON LABORATORIES FAIRFIELD HOLDINGS, LLC
By:   /s/ Bruce T. Krarup
  Name: Bruce T. Krarup
  Title: Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

[Signature Page to Indenture]


IOTRON INDUSTRIES USA INC.
By:   /s/ Matthew D. Shimkus
  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title: Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

[Signature Page to Indenture]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Calculation Agent
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President

[Signature Page to Indenture]


EXHIBIT A

[Face of Note]

[Insert the Global Note Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture]

[Insert the Private Placement Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture]

[Insert the Regulation S Temporary Global Note Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture]

[Insert Original Issue Discount Legend, if applicable pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture]

 

A-1


CUSIP [                ]

ISIN [             ]1

GLOBAL NOTE

Senior Secured First Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2026

 

No. ___    [$______________]

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC

Sotera Health Holdings, LLC promises to pay to __________, or registered assigns, the principal sum of ____________________ DOLLARS [(as such amount may be increased or decreased as set forth on the Schedule of Exchanges of Interest in Global Note attached hereto)] on December 13, 2026 (the “Final Maturity Date”).

Interest Payment Dates: March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 commencing on December 31, 2020.

Record Dates: March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15

 

1 

Rule 144A Note CUSIP: 83600W AC3

 

Rule 144A Note ISIN: US83600WAC38

 

Regulation S Note CUSIP: U83595 AB1

 

Regulation S Note ISIN: USU83595AB15

 

IAI Note CUSIP: 83600W AD1

 

IAI Note ISIN: US83600WAD11

 

A-2


IN WITNESS HEREOF, the Issuer has caused this instrument to be duly executed.

Dated:

 

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC
By:    
  Name:
  Title:

 

A-3


This is one of the Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture:

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee

Dated:

 

By:    
  Authorized Signatory

 

A-4


[Back of Note]

Senior Secured First Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2026

Capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture referred to below unless otherwise indicated.

1. INTEREST. Sotera Health Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”), promises to pay interest on the principal amount of this Note at a rate per annum (the “Applicable Rate”) equal to (i) the applicable Adjusted LIBOR Rate plus (ii) 6.00% per annum, reset quarterly, as determined by the Calculation Agent, which shall initially be the Trustee. The Issuer will pay interest, if any, quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year, or if any such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day (each, an “Interest Payment Date”). The Issuer shall also pay accrued interest on the Notes, if any, on the Final Maturity Date. Interest on the Notes shall accrue from the most recent date to which interest has been paid or, if no interest has been paid, from the date of issuance. The first Interest Payment Date shall be December 31, 2020. The Issuer shall also pay any additional interest required to be paid pursuant to Section 6.03 of the Indenture. Interest on the Notes will be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and the actual number of days elapsed. On the Final Maturity Date, the Issuer shall pay the entire aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

 

  (a)

The Calculation Agent will, on each Determination Date, determine the Applicable Rate.

 

  (b)

All percentages resulting from any of the above calculations will be rounded, if necessary, to the nearest one hundred thousandth of a percentage point, with five one-millionths of a percentage point being rounded upwards (e.g., 4.876545% (or 0.04876545) being rounded to 4.87655% (or 0.487655)). All dollar amounts used in or resulting from such calculations will be rounded to the nearest cent (with one-half cent being rounded upwards). The determination of the Applicable Rate and/or Adjusted LIBOR Rate by the Calculation Agent shall, in the absence of manifest error, be binding on all parties.

 

  (c)

The Calculation Agent will, upon the written request of the Holder of any Note, provide the Applicable Rate then in effect with respect to the Notes.

 

  (d)

Set forth below is a summary of certain of the defined terms used in this Note relating to the calculation of interest on the Notes:

Adjusted LIBOR Rate” means, with respect to any Interest Period when used in reference to any Note, (a) the rate of interest (rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest 1/100th) appearing on Bloomberg Page BBAM1 (or any successor or substitute page of such service, or any successor to such service as determined by the Issuer in consultation with the Calculation Agent) as the London interbank offered rate for deposits in Dollars for a term of three months, at approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the Determination Date (but if more than one such rate is specified on such page, the rate will be an arithmetic average of all such rates) or (b) if such rate described in clause (a) of this definition is not available, the rate of interest (rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest 1/100th) appearing in the money markets section of The Wall Street Journal (or any successor or substitute section of such periodical, or any successor to such periodical as determined by the Issuer in consultation with the Calculation Agent) as the London interbank offered rate for deposits in Dollars for a term of three months on the Determination Date; provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Note, the Indenture or any other Notes Document, in no event shall the Adjusted LIBOR Rate be less than 1.00% per annum.

 

A-5


Bloomberg Page BBAM1” means the display designated as Page BBAM1 on the Bloomberg Service or any successor page or service for the purposes of displaying the London interbank offered rates for Dollar deposits.

Determination Date” means, with respect to any Interest Period, the second (2nd) Business Day immediately prior to the first day of such Interest Period.

Interest Period” means the period commencing on and including an Interest Payment Date and ending on but excluding the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, it being understood that the first Interest Period shall commence on and include the Issue Date and end on and exclude December 31, 2020.

2. METHOD OF PAYMENT. By no later than noon (New York City time) on the date on which any principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note is due and payable, the Issuer shall deposit with the Paying Agent a sum sufficient in immediately available funds to pay such principal, premium and interest when due. Interest on any Note which is payable, and is timely paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Note is registered at the close of business on the preceding March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 at the office or agency of the Issuer maintained for such purpose pursuant to Section 2.03 of the Indenture. The principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Notes shall be payable at the office or agency of the Paying Agent or Registrar designated by the Issuer maintained for such purpose (which shall initially be the office of the Trustee maintained for such purpose), or at such other office or agency of the Issuer as may be maintained for such purpose pursuant to Section 2.03 of the Indenture; provided, however, that, at the option of the Paying Agent, each installment of interest may be paid by (i) check mailed to addresses of the Persons entitled thereto as such addresses shall appear on the Notes Register or (ii) wire transfer to an account located in the United States maintained by the payee, subject to the last sentence of this paragraph. Payments in respect of Notes represented by a Global Note (including principal, premium, if any, and interest ) will be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts specified by DTC or any successor depository. Payments in respect of Notes represented by Definitive Notes (including principal, premium, if any, and interest) held by a Holder of at least $1,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Notes represented by Definitive Notes will be made by wire transfer to a U.S. dollar account maintained by the payee with a bank in the United States if such Holder elects payment by wire transfer by giving written notice to the Trustee or the Paying Agent to such effect designating such account no later than 15 days immediately preceding the relevant due date for payment (or such other date as the Trustee may accept in its reasonable discretion). If an Interest Payment Date is not a Business Day, payment shall be made on the next succeeding day that is a Business Day, and no interest shall accrue on such payment for the intervening period. If a regular Record Date is not a Business Day, the Record Date shall not be affected. All payments on or in respect of the Notes (including principal, premium and interest) will be in Dollars.

3. PAYING AGENT AND REGISTRAR. Initially, Wilmington Trust, National Association, the Trustee under the Indenture, will act as Paying Agent and Registrar. The Issuer may change any Paying Agent or Registrar without notice to the Holders. The Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries may act in any such capacity.

4. INDENTURE. The Issuer issued the Notes under an Indenture, dated as of July 31, 2020, as amended or supplemented from time to time (the “Indenture”), among the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors named therein, the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of notes of the Issuer designated as its Senior Secured First Lien Floating Rate Notes

 

A-6


due 2026. The terms of the Notes include those stated in the Indenture. The Notes are subject to all such terms, and Holders are referred to the Indenture for a statement of such terms. To the extent any provision of this Note conflicts with the express provisions of the Indenture, the provisions of the Indenture shall govern and be controlling.

5. REDEMPTION AND REPURCHASE. The Notes are subject to optional redemption, and may be the subject of an Redemption Offer, as further described in the Indenture. Except as provided in the Indenture, the Issuer shall not be required to make any mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes.

6. DENOMINATIONS, TRANSFER, EXCHANGE. The Notes are in registered form without coupons in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. The transfer of Notes may be registered and Notes may be exchanged as provided in the Indenture. The Registrar and the Trustee may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and the Issuer may require a Holder to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the Indenture. The Issuer need not exchange or register the transfer of any Note or portion of a Note selected for redemption or tendered (and not withdrawn) for repurchase in connection with an Redemption Offer or other tender offer, in whole or in part, except for the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part. Also, the Issuer need not exchange or register the transfer of any Notes for a period of 15 days before a selection of Notes to be redeemed.

7. PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS. The registered Holder of a Note may be treated as its owner for all purposes.

8. AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER. The Indenture, the Notes Guarantees or the Notes may be amended or supplemented as provided in the Indenture.

9. DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES. The Events of Default relating to the Notes are defined in Section 6.01 of the Indenture. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the rights and obligations of the Issuer, the Notes Guarantors, the Trustee and the Holders shall be as set forth in the applicable provisions of the Indenture.

10. AUTHENTICATION. This Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee.

11. GUARANTEES. The Issuer’s obligations under the Notes and all other Notes Obligations are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by the Notes Guarantors from time to time party to the Indenture.

12. SECURITY. The Notes will be secured by the Collateral. Reference is made to the Indenture, the Security Documents and the Intercreditor Agreements for terms relating to such security, including the release, termination and discharge thereof. Enforcement of the Security Documents is subject to the Intercreditor Agreements. The Issuer shall not be required to make any notation on this Note to reflect any grant of such security or any such release, termination or discharge.

13. GOVERNING LAW. THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SHALL GOVERN AND BE USED TO CONSTRUE THE INDENTURE, THE NOTES AND THE NOTES GUARANTEES.

 

A-7


14. CUSIP AND ISIN NUMBERS. Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Issuer has caused CUSIP and ISIN numbers to be printed on the Notes and the Trustee may use CUSIP or ISIN numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders. No representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as contained in any notice of redemption and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers placed thereon.

15. ALTERNATE RATE OF INTEREST. If (i) at least two (2) Business Days prior to the commencement of any Interest Period, the Issuer or the Calculation Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error) that adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the Adjusted LIBOR Rate for such Interest Period and the Issuer determines that such circumstances are unlikely to be temporary, (ii) a public statement or publication of information has been made by or on behalf of the administrator of the Adjusted LIBOR Rate announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide such Adjusted LIBOR Rate, permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide such Adjusted LIBOR Rate, (iii) a public statement or publication of information has been made by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of the Adjusted LIBOR Rate, the U.S. Federal Reserve System, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for the Adjusted LIBOR Rate, a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for LIBOR or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for the Adjusted LIBOR Rate, which states that the administrator of such Adjusted LIBOR Rate has ceased or will cease to provide such Adjusted LIBOR Rate, permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide such Adjusted LIBOR Rate or (iv) the supervisor for the administrator of the Adjusted LIBOR Rate or a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the Calculation Agent has made a public statement identifying a specific date after which the London interbank offered rate shall no longer be used for determining interest rates for loans, then in each case the Issuer shall endeavor to establish an alternate rate of interest to the Adjusted LIBOR Rate that gives due consideration to the then prevailing market convention for determining a rate of interest for high yield notes in the United States at such time, and the Issuer shall enter into an amended or supplemental indenture to the Indenture to reflect such alternate rate of interest and such other related changes to the Indenture as may be applicable in order to administer such alternate rate of interest.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Indenture or this Note, such amended or supplemental indenture to the Indenture shall become effective without any further action or consent of any Holder so long as the Issuer shall not have received, within five (5) Business Days of the date notice of such amended or supplemental indenture to the Indenture is provided to, prior to the Disposition Date, the Accounts and thereafter, the Holders, a written notice from the Controlling Party stating that such Controlling Party objects to such alternate rate of interest and related amended or supplemental indenture to the Indenture. In the absence of any such objection, the Controlling Party shall be deemed to have consented to the proposed amended or supplemental indenture.

The Issuer shall deliver prompt written notice to the Holders, the Trustee and the Calculation Agent identifying the condition triggering the need to determine an alternative rate of interest, the new alternate rate of interest and the proposed amendments to the Indenture. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, such amendment shall become effective only after the Issuer has obtained the consent (or deemed consent pursuant to the immediate preceding paragraph) of Controlling Party in accordance with this Section 15. In the event that the Issuer is unable to obtain the consent (or deemed consent) of Controlling Party or an alternate rate of interest cannot otherwise be determined on the Determination Date, the then existing Applicable Rate for the previous Interest Period shall apply, until the Controlling Party and the Issuer agree on an alternative rate of interest or a court of competent jurisdiction otherwise directs.Upon the request of the Issuer accompanied by a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Issuer

 

A-8


authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture and the documents required by Section 9.06 of the Indenture, the Trustee and the Calculation Agent shall join with the Issuer and the Guarantors in the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture; provided that, neither the Trustee nor the Calculation Agent need enter into any amended or supplemental indenture if the Trustee or the Calculation Agent determines that the alternate rate of interest is not administratively feasible (as determined by the Trustee or the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion); provided further that, neither the Trustee nor the Calculation Agent shall have any liability to any Person, including any Holder or Beneficial Owner of a Note, for any amendments to the Indenture or the Notes made in reliance on the Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel delivered to it under this Paragraph 15 and Section 9.06 of the Indenture.

The Issuer will furnish to any Holder upon written request and without charge a copy of the Indenture. Requests may be made to the Issuer at the following address:

Sotera Health Holdings, LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147

Email: SLeffler@soterahealth.com

Attention: Scott Leffler

With a copy to:

Sotera Health Holdings, LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, Ohio 44147

Email: MKlaben@soterahealth.com

Attention: Matthew Klaben

 

A-9


ASSIGNMENT FORM

To assign this Note, fill in the form below:

(I) or (we) assign and transfer this Note to:                                                                                                                                                                                      

(Insert assignee’s legal name)

 

(Insert assignee’s soc. sec. or tax I.D. no.)
 
 
 
 

(Print or type assignee’s name, address and zip code)

and irrevocably appoint                                                                                                                                                                                                                  

to transfer this Note on the books of the Issuer. The agent may substitute another to act for him.

Date: _____________________

 

Your Signature:    
  (Sign exactly as your name appears on the face of this Note)

 

Signature Guarantee:*    

 

*

Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature guarantor acceptable to the Trustee).

 

A-10


OPTION OF HOLDER TO ELECT PURCHASE

If you want to elect to have this Note purchased by the Issuer pursuant to Section 3.09 of the Indenture, check the box below:

[    ] Section 3.09

If you want to elect to have only part of this Note purchased by the Issuer pursuant to Section 3.09 of the Indenture, state the amount you elect to have purchased:

$_______________

Date: _____________________

 

Your Signature:    
  (Sign exactly as your name appears on the face of this Note)

 

Tax Identification No.:    

Signature Guarantee:* __________________________________

 

*

Participant in a recognized Signature Guarantee Medallion Program (or other signature guarantor acceptable to the Trustee).

 

A-11


SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OF INTERESTS IN THE GLOBAL NOTE*

The initial outstanding principal amount of this Global Note is $__________. The following exchanges of a part of this Global Note for an interest in another Global Note or for a Definitive Note, or exchanges of a part of another Global or Definitive Note for an interest in this Global Note, have been made:

 

Date of

Exchange

  

Amount of

decrease

in Principal

Amount

  

Amount of increase

in Principal

Amount of this

Global Note

  

Principal Amount
of

this Global Note
following such
decrease or
increase

  

Signature of
authorized officer
of Trustee or
Note Custodian

 

 

*

This schedule should be included only if the Note is issued in global form.

 

A-12

EX-4.7

Exhibit 4.7

First Supplemental Indenture (this “Supplemental Indenture”), dated as of July 31, 2020, among Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”); Sterigenics Radiation Technologies Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company; Sterigenics Radiation Technologies, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company; Nelson Laboratories Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company; Nelson Laboratories Fairfield Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company; and Iotron Industries USA Inc., an Indiana corporation (each, an “Additional Guarantor” and collectively, the “Additional Guarantors”) and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”) and as collateral agent (the “Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

W I T N E S S E T H

WHEREAS, each of Sotera Health Holdings, LLC and the Notes Guarantors (as defined in the Indenture referred to below) has heretofore executed and delivered to the Trustee an indenture (as amended or supplemented, the “Indenture”), dated as of December 13, 2019, providing for the issuance of Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2027 (the “Notes”);

WHEREAS, the Indenture provides that under certain circumstances the Additional Guarantors shall execute and deliver to the Trustee a supplemental indenture pursuant to which the Additional Guarantors shall unconditionally guarantee all of the Issuer’s Notes Obligations under the Notes and the Indenture and the other Notes Documents on the terms and conditions set forth herein and under the Indenture (the “Notes Guarantee”); and

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 9.01 of the Indenture, each of the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent is authorized to execute and deliver this Supplemental Indenture without the consent of Holders.

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties mutually covenant and agree for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes as follows:

(1)    Capitalized Terms. Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

(2)    Agreement to Guarantee. Each Additional Guarantor hereby agrees to be a Notes Guarantor under the Indenture and to be bound by the terms of the Indenture applicable to a Notes Guarantor, including Article 10 thereof.

(3)    Execution and Delivery. Each Additional Guarantor agrees that the Notes Guarantee shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the absence of the endorsement of any notation of such Notes Guarantee on the Notes.

(4)    Governing Law. THIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE WILL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

(5)    Counterparts. The parties may sign any number of copies of this Supplemental Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent one and the same agreement. The exchange of copies of this Supplemental Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Supplemental Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Supplemental Indenture and signature pages for all purposes.


(6)    Effect of Headings. The Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

(7)    The Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Neither the Trustee nor the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent make any representation or warranty as to the validity or sufficiency of this Supplemental Indenture or with respect to the recitals contained herein, all of which recitals are made solely by the other parties hereto.

(8)    Benefits Acknowledged. Each Additional Guarantor acknowledges that it will receive direct and indirect benefits from the financing arrangements contemplated by the Indenture and this Supplemental Indenture and that the guarantee and waivers made by it pursuant to this Notes Guarantee are knowingly made in contemplation of such benefits.

(9)    Ratification of Indenture; Supplemental Indentures Part of Indenture. Except as expressly amended hereby, the Indenture is in all respects ratified and confirmed and all the terms, conditions and provisions thereof shall remain in full force and effect. This Supplemental Indenture shall form a part of the Indenture for all purposes, and every Holder of Notes heretofore or hereafter authenticated and delivered shall be bound hereby and shall be deemed to be parties to the Indenture.

 

2


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed, all as of the date first above written.

 

STERIGENICS RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES HOLDINGS, LLC
By:  

/s/ Matthew D. Shimkus

  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary
STERIGENICS RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
By:  

/s/ Matthew D. Shimkus

  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary
NELSON LABORATORIES HOLDINGS, LLC
By:  

/s/ Bruce T. Krarup

  Name: Bruce T. Krarup
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary
NELSON LABORATORIES FAIRFIELD HOLDINGS, LLC
By:  

/s/ Bruce T. Krarup

  Name: Bruce T. Krarup
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary
IOTRON INDUSTIRES USA INC.
By:  

/s/ Matthew D. Shimkus

  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

[Signature Page to Supplement No. 1 to Second Lien Notes Indenture]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Trustee
By:  

/s/ W. Thomas Morris II

  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title:   Vice President
WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:  

/s/ W. Thomas Morris II

  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title:   Vice President

[Signature Page to Supplement No. 1 to Second Lien Notes Indenture]

EX-4.8

Exhibit 4.8

SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE

This Second Supplemental Indenture (this “Second Supplemental Indenture”), dated as of October 9, 2020, between Sotera Health Holdings, LLC (the “Issuer”) and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”) and as collateral agent (the “Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

W I T N E S S E T H

WHEREAS, each of Sotera Health Holdings, LLC and the Notes Guarantors (as defined in the Indenture referred to below) has heretofore executed and delivered to the Trustee an indenture (as supplemented by that certain First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 31, 2020, among the Issuer, the Additional Guarantors party thereto, the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, and as further amended or supplemented, the “Indenture”), dated as of December 13, 2019, providing for the issuance of Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2027 (the “Notes”);

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 9.01(1) of the Indenture, each of the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent is authorized to execute and deliver this Second Supplemental Indenture without the consent of Holders in order to cure any ambiguity, omission, mistake, defect or inconsistency.

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties mutually covenant and agree for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes as follows:

 

  (1)

Capitalized Terms. Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

 

  (2)

Amendment to “Test Period” Definition. The definition of “Test Period” in Section 1.01 of the Indenture is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:

Test Period” means, at any date of determination, the most recent twelve consecutive months of the Issuer ended on or prior to such time, in respect of which the financial information necessary to calculate the relevant ratio is internally available.

 

  (3)

Governing Law. THIS SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE WILL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

 

  (4)

Counterparts. The parties may sign any number of copies of this Second Supplemental Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent one and the same agreement. The exchange of copies of this Second Supplemental Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Second Supplemental Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Second Supplemental Indenture and signature pages for all purposes.


  (5)

Effect of Headings. The Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

 

  (6)

The Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Neither the Trustee nor the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes any representation or warranty as to the validity or sufficiency of this Second Supplemental Indenture or with respect to the recitals contained herein, all of which recitals are made solely by the other parties hereto.

 

  (7)

Ratification of Indenture; Supplemental Indentures Part of Indenture. Except as expressly amended hereby, the Indenture is in all respects ratified and confirmed and all the terms, conditions and provisions thereof shall remain in full force and effect. This Second Supplemental Indenture shall form a part of the Indenture for all purposes, and every Holder of Notes heretofore or hereafter authenticated and delivered shall be bound hereby and shall be deemed to be parties to the Indenture.

[Signature page follows]

 

2


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Second Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed, all as of the date first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC
By:  

/s/ Scott J. Leffler

  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Second Supplemental Indenture]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Trustee
By:  

/s/ W. Thomas Morris II

  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title:   Vice President
WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:  

/s/ W. Thomas Morris II

  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title:   Vice President

[Signature Page to Second Supplemental Indenture]

EX-10.10

Exhibit 10.10

 

 

 

CREDIT AGREEMENT

dated as of

December 13, 2019

among

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

as Holdings,

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

as Borrower,

the Lenders and Issuing Banks party hereto

and

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,

as First Lien Administrative Agent and First Lien Collateral Agent

 

 

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.,

BARCLAYS BANK PLC,

RBC CAPITAL MARKETS1, and

ING CAPITAL LLC

as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners

 

 

 

 

 

1 

RBC Capital Markets is a marketing name for the capital markets activities of Royal Bank of Canada and its affiliates.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS

       1  

SECTION 1.01

  Defined Terms      1  

SECTION 1.02

  Classification of Loans and Borrowings      62  

SECTION 1.03

  Terms Generally      62  

SECTION 1.04

  Accounting Terms; GAAP      63  

SECTION 1.05

  Effectuation of Transactions      63  

SECTION 1.06

  Limited Condition Transactions      63  

SECTION 1.07

  Certain Determinations      64  

SECTION 1.08

  Additional Alternative Currencies      65  

SECTION 1.09

  Currency Equivalents Generally      65  

SECTION 1.10

  Change in Currency      66  

SECTION 1.11

  Divisions      66  

ARTICLE II THE CREDITS

     66  

SECTION 2.01

  Commitments      66  

SECTION 2.02

  Loans and Borrowings      66  

SECTION 2.03

  Requests for Borrowings      67  

SECTION 2.04

  Swingline Loans      68  

SECTION 2.05

  Letters of Credit      69  

SECTION 2.06

  Funding of Borrowings      75  

SECTION 2.07

  Interest Elections      76  

SECTION 2.08

  Termination and Reduction of Commitments      77  

SECTION 2.09

  Repayment of Loans; Evidence of Debt      77  

SECTION 2.10

  Amortization of Term Loans      78  

SECTION 2.11

  Prepayment of Loans      79  

SECTION 2.12

  Fees      88  

SECTION 2.13

  Interest      89  

SECTION 2.14

  Alternate Rate of Interest      90  

SECTION 2.15

  Increased Costs      91  

SECTION 2.16

  Break Funding Payments      92  

SECTION 2.17

  Taxes      92  

SECTION 2.18

  Payments Generally; Pro Rata Treatment; Sharing of Setoffs      95  

SECTION 2.19

  Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders      97  

SECTION 2.20

  Incremental Credit Extensions      97  

SECTION 2.21

  Refinancing Amendments      100  

 

-i-


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

SECTION 2.22

  Defaulting Lenders      101  

SECTION 2.23

  Illegality      103  

SECTION 2.24

  Loan Modification Offers      103  

ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

     104  

SECTION 3.01

  Organization; Powers      104  

SECTION 3.02

  Authorization; Enforceability      105  

SECTION 3.03

  Governmental Approvals; No Conflicts      105  

SECTION 3.04

  Financial Condition; No Material Adverse Effect      105  

SECTION 3.05

  Properties      105  

SECTION 3.06

  Litigation and Environmental Matters      105  

SECTION 3.07

  Compliance with Laws and Agreements      106  

SECTION 3.08

  Investment Company Status      106  

SECTION 3.09

  Taxes      106  

SECTION 3.10

  ERISA      106  

SECTION 3.11

  Disclosure      107  

SECTION 3.12

  Subsidiaries      107  

SECTION 3.13

  Intellectual Property; Licenses, Etc.      107  

SECTION 3.14

  Solvency      107  

SECTION 3.15

  Federal Reserve Regulations      108  

SECTION 3.16

  Use of Proceeds      108  

SECTION 3.17

  Patriot Act; OFAC and FCPA.      108  

ARTICLE IV CONDITIONS

     108  

SECTION 4.01

  Effective Date      108  

SECTION 4.02

  Each Credit Event      110  

ARTICLE V AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

     111  

SECTION 5.01

  Financial Statements and Other Information      111  

SECTION 5.02

  Notices of Material Events      113  

SECTION 5.03

  Information Regarding Collateral      114  

SECTION 5.04

  Existence; Conduct of Business      114  

SECTION 5.05

  Payment of Taxes, etc.      114  

SECTION 5.06

  Maintenance of Properties      114  

SECTION 5.07

  Insurance      115  

SECTION 5.08

  Books and Records; Inspection and Audit Rights      115  

SECTION 5.09

  Compliance with Laws      116  

SECTION 5.10

  Use of Proceeds and Letters of Credit      116  

 

-ii-


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

SECTION 5.11

  Additional Subsidiaries      116  

SECTION 5.12

  Further Assurances      116  

SECTION 5.13

  Designation of Subsidiaries      117  

SECTION 5.14

  Certain Post-Closing Obligations      117  

SECTION 5.15

  Maintenance of Rating of Borrower and the Facilities      117  

SECTION 5.16

  Lines of Business      118  

ARTICLE VI NEGATIVE COVENANTS

     118  

SECTION 6.01

  Indebtedness; Certain Equity Securities      118  

SECTION 6.02

  Liens      124  

SECTION 6.03

  Fundamental Changes; Holdings Covenant      127  

SECTION 6.04

  Investments, Loans, Advances, Guarantees and Acquisitions      128  

SECTION 6.05

  Asset Sales      131  

SECTION 6.06

  [Reserved]      133  

SECTION 6.07

  Restricted Payments; Certain Payments of Indebtedness      133  

SECTION 6.08

  Transactions with Affiliates      137  

SECTION 6.09

  Restrictive Agreements      137  

SECTION 6.10

  Amendment of Junior Financing      139  

SECTION 6.11

  Financial Performance Covenant      139  

SECTION 6.12

  Changes in Fiscal Periods      139  

ARTICLE VII EVENTS OF DEFAULT

     139  

SECTION 7.01

  Events of Default      139  

SECTION 7.02

  Right to Cure      142  

SECTION 7.03

  Application of Proceeds      143  

ARTICLE VIII ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT

     143  

SECTION 8.01

  Appointment and Authority      143  

SECTION 8.02

  Rights as a Lender      144  

SECTION 8.03

  Exculpatory Provisions      144  

SECTION 8.04

  Reliance by First Lien Administrative Agent      145  

SECTION 8.05

  Delegation of Duties      145  

SECTION 8.06

  Resignation of First Lien Administrative Agent      145  

SECTION 8.07

  Non-Reliance on First Lien Administrative Agent and Other Lenders      146  

SECTION 8.08

  No Other Duties, Etc.      146  

SECTION 8.09

  First Lien Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim      147  

SECTION 8.10

  No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies; Enforcement      147  

SECTION 8.11

  Certain ERISA Matters      148  

 

-iii-


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS

     149  

SECTION 9.01

  Notices      149  

SECTION 9.02

  Waivers; Amendments      150  

SECTION 9.03

  Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver      154  

SECTION 9.04

  Successors and Assigns      156  

SECTION 9.05

  Survival      162  

SECTION 9.06

  Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness      162  

SECTION 9.07

  Severability      162  

SECTION 9.08

  Right of Setoff      163  

SECTION 9.09

  Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process      163  

SECTION 9.10

  WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      164  

SECTION 9.11

  Headings      164  

SECTION 9.12

  Confidentiality      164  

SECTION 9.13

  USA PATRIOT Act      165  

SECTION 9.14

  Release of Liens and Guarantees      165  

SECTION 9.15

  No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility      166  

SECTION 9.16

  Interest Rate Limitation      166  

SECTION 9.17

  Judgment Currency      167  

SECTION 9.18

  Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions      167  

SECTION 9.19

  Intercreditor Agreement      168  

SECTION 9.20

  Cashless Settlement      168  

SECTION 9.21

  Acknowledgment Regarding Any Supported QFCs      168  

 

-iv-


SCHEDULES:

 

Schedule 1.01

       

Excluded Subsidiaries

Schedule 2.01

       

Commitments and Loans

Schedule 2.05

       

Existing Letters of Credit

Schedule 3.03

       

Government Approvals; No Conflicts

Schedule 3.06

       

Litigation and Environmental Matters

Schedule 3.12

       

Subsidiaries

Schedule 5.14

       

Certain Post-Closing Obligations

Schedule 6.01

       

Existing Indebtedness

Schedule 6.02

       

Existing Liens

Schedule 6.04

       

Existing Investments

Schedule 6.08

       

Existing Affiliate Transactions

Schedule 6.09

       

Existing Restrictions

Schedule 9.01

        Notices

EXHIBITS:

 

Exhibit A

       

Form of Assignment and Assumption

Exhibit B

       

Form of First Lien Guarantee Agreement

Exhibit C

       

Form of Perfection Certificate

Exhibit D

       

Form of First Lien Collateral Agreement

Exhibit E-1

       

Form of First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement

Exhibit E-2

       

Form of First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement

Exhibit E-3

       

Form of ABL Intercreditor Agreement

Exhibit F

       

Form of Intercompany Note

Exhibit G

       

Form of Specified Discount Prepayment Notice

Exhibit H

       

Form of Specified Discount Prepayment Response

Exhibit I

       

Form of Discount Range Prepayment Notice

Exhibit J

       

Form of Discount Range Prepayment Offer

Exhibit K

       

Form of Solicited Discounted Prepayment Notice

Exhibit L

       

Form of Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer

Exhibit M

       

Form of Acceptance and Prepayment Notice

Exhibit N-1

       

Form of United States Tax Compliance Certificate 1

Exhibit N-2

       

Form of United States Tax Compliance Certificate 2

Exhibit N-3

        Form of United States Tax Compliance Certificate 3

Exhibit N-4

       

Form of United States Tax Compliance Certificate 4

Exhibit O

       

Form of Note

Exhibit P

       

Form of Solvency Certificate

Exhibit Q

       

Form of Notice of Borrowing

Exhibit R

       

Form of Letter of Credit Request

Exhibit X

       

Form of Beneficial Ownership Certificate

 

 

-v-


FIRST LIEN CREDIT AGREEMENT dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Initial Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC (the “Borrower”), a Delaware limited company, the LENDERS and ISSUING BANKS party hereto and JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC. (“Jefferies”), as First Lien Administrative Agent and First Lien Collateral Agent.

The parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

SECTION 1.01 Defined Terms.

As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

ABL Credit Agreement” shall mean the credit agreement in respect of any ABL Facility pursuant to which the ABL Obligations are incurred by the Borrower or one or more of its Subsidiaries as borrower(s), as amended, modified, supplemented, substituted, replaced, restated or refinanced, in whole or in part, from time to time.

ABL Facility” shall mean an asset-based loan facility of the Borrower provided pursuant to the applicable ABL Loan Documents; provided that (i) no security interests shall be granted to secure the ABL Obligations other than (A) a first-priority security interest in the ABL Priority Collateral, subject to (x) a perfected second-priority Lien in such Collateral in favor of the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties to secure the Secured Obligations and (y) a perfected third priority Lien in such Collateral in favor of the Second Lien Trustee and the other Secured Parties (as defined in the Second Lien Indenture) to secure the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations and (B) at the option of the Borrower, a third-priority security interest in any other Collateral (other than ABL Priority Collateral) in which the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties have a perfected first-priority security interest and in which the Second Lien Trustee and the other Secured Parties (as defined in the Second Lien Indenture) has a perfected second-priority security interest, (ii) such facility shall not (x) be guaranteed by any entity that is not a Loan Party or (y) govern or otherwise contemplate any “restricted subsidiaries” that are not Restricted Subsidiaries, and (iii) upon the establishment of an ABL Facility, (A) the Borrower shall deliver a certificate of a Responsible Officer to the First Lien Administrative Agent on or prior to the date of incurrence of such ABL Facility designating such Indebtedness as an ABL Facility, (B) if the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is not then in effect, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received a copy of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement duly executed by the ABL Representative with respect to such ABL Facility, one or more Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness not prohibited by this Agreement to be secured by the Collateral (including the Second Lien Trustee) and each Loan Guarantor, (C) if the ABL Intercreditor Agreement is then in effect, the ABL Representative with respect to such Indebtedness shall have duly executed and delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent a joinder agreement in the form attached as an exhibit to the ABL Intercreditor Agreement and (D) (x) all First Lien Loan Document Obligations owing to any Secured Party under or in respect of any Revolving Loans, Letter of Credit, LC Disbursements, Revolving Commitments, Other Revolving Commitments, Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitment, Swingline Loans and Swingline Commitments shall have been paid in full in cash (other than any contingent indemnification obligations not yet accrued and payable) and (y) all of the Revolving Commitments, the Other Revolving Commitments, Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments and the Swingline Commitments shall have been terminated in full or are terminated in full substantially simultaneously with the effectiveness of the ABL Facility.

ABL Intercreditor Agreement” means the ABL Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit E-3 among the First Lien Administrative Agent, the ABL Representative and one or more Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness not prohibited by this Agreement to be secured by the Collateral (including the Second Lien Trustee), with such modifications thereto as the First Lien Administrative Agent may reasonably agree.


ABL Loan Documents” shall mean, collectively, (i) the ABL Credit Agreement and (ii) the security documents, intercreditor agreements (including the ABL Intercreditor Agreement), guarantees, joinders and other agreements or instruments executed in connection with the ABL Credit Agreement or such other agreements, in each case, as amended, modified, supplemented, substituted, replaced, restated or refinanced, in whole or in part, from time to time.

ABL Obligations” shall mean all Indebtedness and other obligations of the Borrower and any other Loan Parties outstanding under or pursuant to the ABL Loan Documents, together with guarantees thereof that are secured, or intended to be secured, under the ABL Loan Documents, including any direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, interest and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against the Borrower, any other Loan Party or any guarantor of ABL Obligations of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Laws naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such proceeding, and any obligations under a Swap Agreement and cash management obligations that are secured by the Liens securing the Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the ABL Credit Agreement pursuant to the security documents entered into in connection with the ABL Credit Agreement.

ABL Priority Collateral” means all the “ABL Priority Collateral” as defined in the ABL Intercreditor Agreement.

ABL Representative” shall mean, with respect to any series of ABL Obligations, the administrative agent or collateral agent or other representative of the holders of such series of ABL Obligations who maintains the transfer register for such series of ABL Obligations and is appointed as a representative for purposes related to the administration of the security documents pursuant to the ABL Credit Agreement or other agreement governing such series of ABL Obligations.

ABR” when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are bearing interest at a rate determined by reference to the (i) Alternate Base Rate (in the case of Loans denominated in Dollars) or (ii) Canadian Base Rate (in the case of Loans denominated in Canadian Dollars).

Acceptable Discount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(2).

Acceptable Prepayment Amount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(3).

Acceptance and Prepayment Notice” means an irrevocable written notice from a Term Lender accepting a Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer to make a Discounted Term Loan Prepayment at the Acceptable Discount specified therein pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D) substantially in the form of Exhibit M.

Acceptance Date” has the meaning specified in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(2).

Accepting Lenders” has the meaning specified in Section 2.24(a).

Acquired EBITDA” means, with respect to any Acquired Entity or Business or any Converted Restricted Subsidiary (any of the foregoing, a “Pro Forma Entity”) for any period as the amount for such period of Consolidated EBITDA of such Pro Forma Entity (determined as if references to the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries in the definition of “Consolidated EBITDA” were references to such Pro Forma Entity and its subsidiaries that will become Restricted Subsidiaries), all as determined on a consolidated basis for such Pro Forma Entity.

Acquired Entity or Business” has the meaning given such term in the definition of “Consolidated EBITDA.”

Additional Lender” means any Additional Revolving Lender or any Additional Term Lender, as applicable.

Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitment” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.20(a).

 

-2-


Additional Revolving Lender” means, at any time, any bank, financial institution or other institutional lender or investor (other than any natural person) or any Person that would be an Affiliated Lender that agrees to provide any portion of any (a) Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase or Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments pursuant to an Incremental Facility Amendment in accordance with Section 2.20 or (b) Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness in the form of Other Revolving Commitments pursuant to a Refinancing Amendment in accordance with Section 2.21; provided that each Additional Revolving Lender shall be subject to the approval of the First Lien Administrative Agent (and, if such Additional Revolving Lender will provide an Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase or any Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitment, each Issuing Bank and the Swingline Lender), in each case only if such consent would be required under Section 9.04(b) for an assignment of Revolving Loans or Revolving Commitments, as applicable, to such bank, financial institution or other institutional lender or investor (such approval in each case not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) and the Borrower.

Additional Term Lender” means, at any time, any bank, financial institution or other institutional lender or investor (other than any natural person) or any Person that would be an Affiliated Lender that agrees to provide any portion of any (a) First Lien Incremental Term Loans pursuant to an Incremental Facility Amendment in accordance with Section 2.20 or (b) Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness in the form of Other First Lien Term Loans or Other First Lien Term Commitments pursuant to a Refinancing Amendment in accordance with Section 2.21; provided that each Additional Term Lender shall be subject to the approval of the First Lien Administrative Agent if such consent would be required under Section 9.04(b) for an assignment of Term Loans or Term Commitments, as applicable, to such bank, financial institution or other institutional lender or investor (such approval in each case not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) and the Borrower.

Adjusted BA Rate” means, with respect to any Eurodollar Borrowing denominated in Canadian Dollars for any Interest Period, an interest rate per annum equal to (i) the BA Rate for such Interest Period multiplied by (ii) the Statutory Reserve Rate; provided that, with respect to the Term Loans only, the Adjusted BA Rate for any Interest Period shall not be less than 1.00% per annum.

Adjusted EURIBOR” means, with respect to any Eurodollar Borrowing denominated in Euros for any Interest Period, an interest rate per annum equal to (i) EURIBOR for such Interest Period multiplied by (ii) the Statutory Reserve Rate.

Adjusted LIBO Rate” means, with respect to any Eurodollar Borrowing denominated in Dollars or an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars or Euros) for any Interest Period, an interest rate per annum equal to (i) the LIBO Rate for such Interest Period multiplied by (ii) the Statutory Reserve Rate; provided that, with respect to the Term Loans only, the Adjusted LIBO Rate for any Interest Period shall not be less than 1.00% per annum.

Administrative Questionnaire” means an administrative questionnaire in a form supplied by the First Lien Administrative Agent.

Affected Class” has the meaning specified in Section 2.24(a).

Affiliate” means, with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly or indirectly Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified. For purposes of this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents, Jefferies LLC and its Affiliates shall be deemed to be Affiliates of Jefferies Finance LLC and its Affiliates.

Affiliated Debt Fund” means any Affiliated Lender that is a bona fide diversified debt fund primarily engaged in, or that advises funds or other investment vehicles that are engaged in, making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans, bonds and similar extensions of credit or securities in the ordinary course.

 

-3-


Affiliated Lender” means, at any time, any Lender that is an Investor, a Sponsor, or an Affiliate of an Investor or a Sponsor (other than Holdings, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries) at such time, to the extent that such Investor, such Sponsor, or the Affiliates of an Investor or a Sponsor constitute an Affiliate of Holdings, the Borrower or their respective Subsidiaries.

Agent” means the First Lien Administrative Agent, the First Lien Collateral Agent, each Joint Lead Arranger and any successors and assigns of the foregoing in such capacity, and “Agents” means two or more of them.

Agent Parties” has the meaning given to such term in Section 9.01(c).

Agreement” has the meaning given to such term in the preliminary statements hereto.

Agreement Currency” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.17.

Alternate Base Rate” means, for any day, a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (a) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day plus 12 of 1.00% and (c) the Adjusted LIBO Rate for the applicable Loan on such day (or if such day is not a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day) for a deposit in Dollars with a maturity of one month plus 1.00%; provided that, solely for purposes of the foregoing, the Adjusted LIBO Rate for any day shall be calculated using the LIBO Rate based on the rate per annum determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent by reference to the ICE Benchmark Administration Interest Settlement Rates (as set forth by any service selected by the First Lien Administrative Agent that has been nominated by the ICE Benchmark Administration Limited (or any Person which takes over the administration of that rate) as an authorized information vendor for the purpose of displaying such rates) (the “ICE LIBOR”) as published by Reuters (or such other commercially available source providing quotations of ICE LIBOR as may be designated by the First Lien Administrative Agent from time to time) on such day at approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) for a deposit in Dollars with a maturity of one month. If the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have determined (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error) that it is unable to ascertain the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Adjusted LIBO Rate for any reason, including the inability or failure of the First Lien Administrative Agent to obtain sufficient quotations in accordance with the terms of the definition of Federal Funds Effective Rate, the Alternate Base Rate shall be determined without regard to clause (b) or (c), as applicable, of the preceding sentence until the circumstances giving rise to such inability no longer exist. Any change in the Alternate Base Rate due to a change in the Prime Rate, the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Adjusted LIBO Rate shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in the Prime Rate, the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Adjusted LIBO Rate, respectively. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to the Term Loans only, the Alternate Base Rate will be deemed to be 0.00% per annum if the Alternate Base Rate calculated pursuant to the foregoing provisions would otherwise be less than 0.00% per annum.

Alternative Currency” means Canadian Dollars, Euros, Sterling and each other currency (other than Dollars) that is requested by the Borrower and approved in accordance with Section 1.07.

Alternative Currency Equivalent” means, at any time, with respect to any amount denominated in Dollars, the equivalent amount thereof in the applicable Alternative Currency as determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent or the relevant Issuing Bank, as the case may be, at such time on the basis of the Spot Rate (determined in respect of the most recent LC Revaluation Date or other applicable date of determination) for the purchase of such Alternative Currency with Dollars.

Applicable Account” means, with respect to any payment to be made to the First Lien Administrative Agent hereunder, the account specified by the First Lien Administrative Agent from time to time for the purpose of receiving payments of such type.

Applicable Discount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(2).

Applicable Fronting Exposure” means, with respect to any Person that is an Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate amount of all Letters of Credit issued by such Person in its capacity as an Issuing Bank (if applicable) that remains available for drawing at such time, (b) the aggregate amount of all LC Disbursements made by such Person in its capacity as an Issuing Bank (if applicable) that have not yet been reimbursed by or on behalf of the Borrower at such time and (c) the aggregate principal amount of all Swingline Loans made by such Person in its capacity as a Swingline Lender (if applicable) outstanding at such time.

 

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Applicable Percentage” means, at any time with respect to any Revolving Lender, the percentage of the aggregate Revolving Commitments represented by such Lender’s Revolving Commitment at such time (or, if the Revolving Commitments have terminated or expired, such Lender’s share of the total Revolving Exposure at that time); provided that, with respect to Letters of Credit, LC Disbursements, LC Exposure, Swingline Exposure and Swingline Loans, “Applicable Percentage” shall mean the percentage of the aggregate Revolving Commitments represented by such Lender’s Revolving Commitment at such time (or, if the Revolving Commitments have terminated or expired, such Lender’s share of the total Revolving Exposure at that time); provided further that, at any time any Revolving Lender shall be a Defaulting Lender, “Applicable Percentage” shall mean the percentage of the total Revolving Commitments (disregarding any such Defaulting Lender’s Revolving Commitment) represented by such Lender’s Revolving Commitment. If the Revolving Commitments have terminated or expired, the Applicable Percentages shall be determined based upon the applicable Revolving Commitments most recently in effect, giving effect to any assignments pursuant to this Agreement and to any Lender’s status as a Defaulting Lender at the time of determination.

Applicable Rate” means, for any day, (a) with respect to any Term Loan, (i) ABR plus 3.50% per annum, in the case of an ABR Loan, or (ii) the Adjusted LIBO Rate plus 4.50% per annum, in the case of a Eurodollar Loan, and (b) with respect to any ABR Loan or Eurodollar Loan (other than a Term Loan), the applicable rate per annum set forth below under the caption “ABR Spread”, “Adjusted LIBO Rate or Adjusted BA Rate Spread” or “Adjusted EURIBOR Spread” as the case may be, based upon the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio as of the end of the fiscal quarter of the Borrower for which consolidated financial statements have theretofore been most recently delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or 5.01(b); provided that, for purposes of clause (b) above, until the date of the delivery of the consolidated financial statements pursuant to Section 5.01(b) as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, the Applicable Rate shall be based on the rates per annum set forth in Category 1:

 

Senior Secured First Lien Net
Leverage Ratio:

   ABR
Spread
    Adjusted LIBO Rate
or Adjusted BA Rate
Spread
    Adjusted EURIBOR
Spread
 

Category 1

Greater than 5.00 to 1.00

     3.00     4.00     4.00

Category 2

Greater than 4.50 to 1.00, but less than or equal to 5.00 to 1.00

     2.75     3.75     3.75

Category 3

Less than or equal to 4.50 to 1.00

     2.50     3.50     3.50

For purposes of the foregoing, each change in the Applicable Rate resulting from a change in the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio shall be effective during the period commencing on and including the Business Day following the date of delivery to the First Lien Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or 5.01(b) of the consolidated financial statements and related Compliance Certificate indicating such change and ending on the date immediately preceding the effective date of the next such change. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Applicable Rate, at the option of the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Required Revolving Lenders, commencing upon written notice to the Borrower, shall be based on the rates per annum set forth in Category 1 (i) at any time that an Event of Default under Section 7.01(a) has occurred and is continuing and shall continue to so apply to but excluding the date on which such Event of Default shall cease to be continuing (and thereafter, the Category otherwise determined in accordance with this definition shall apply) or (ii) if the Borrower fails to deliver the consolidated financial statements required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or 5.01(b) or any Compliance Certificate required to be delivered pursuant hereto, in each case within the time periods specified herein for such delivery, during the period commencing on and including the day of the occurrence of a Default resulting from such failure and until the delivery thereof.

 

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Approved Bank” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of the term “Permitted Investments.”

Approved Foreign Bank” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Permitted Investments.”

Approved Fund” means any Person (other than a natural person) that is (or will be) engaged in making, purchasing, holding or investing in commercial loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its activities and that is administered, advised or managed by (a) a Lender, (b) an Affiliate of a Lender or (c) an entity or an Affiliate of an entity that administers, advises or manages a Lender.

Assignment and Assumption” means an assignment and assumption entered into by a Lender and an Eligible Assignee (with the consent of any Person whose consent is required by Section 9.04(b)), substantially in the form of Exhibit A or any other form reasonably approved by the First Lien Administrative Agent.

Auction Agent” means (a) the First Lien Administrative Agent or (b) any other financial institution or advisor employed by the Borrower (whether or not an Affiliate of the First Lien Administrative Agent) to act as an arranger in connection with any Discounted Term Loan Prepayment pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii)(A); provided that the Borrower shall not designate the First Lien Administrative Agent as the Auction Agent without the written consent of the First Lien Administrative Agent (it being understood that the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be under no obligation to agree to act as the Auction Agent).

Audited Financial Statements” means the audited consolidated balance sheets of the Borrower for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity and consolidated statements of cash flows of the Borrower for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.

Available Amount” means, as of any date of determination, a cumulative amount equal to (without duplication):

(a) the greater of (x) $96,000,000 and (y) 25% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such date (such amount, the “Starter Basket”), plus

(b) the sum of an amount (which amount shall not be less than zero) equal to the greater of (A) 50% of Consolidated Net Income of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries for the period (treated as one accounting period) from October 1, 2019 to the end of the most recently ended Test Period as of such date and (B) the sum of Excess Cash Flow (but not less than zero in any period) for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020 and Excess Cash Flow for each succeeding completed fiscal year as of such date, in each case, that was not required to prepay Term Borrowings pursuant to Section 2.11(d), plus

(c) [reserved]

(d) Investments of the Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in any Unrestricted Subsidiary made using the Available Amount that has been re-designated as a Restricted Subsidiary or that has been merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiary (up to the lesser of (i) the Fair Market Value determined in good faith by the Borrower of the Investments of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries in such Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time of such re-designation or merger or consolidation and (ii) the Fair Market Value determined in good faith by the Borrower of the original Investment by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries in such Unrestricted Subsidiary), plus

(e) the Net Proceeds of a sale or other Disposition of any Unrestricted Subsidiary (including the issuance of stock of an Unrestricted Subsidiary) received by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, plus

 

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(f) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, dividends or other distributions or returns on capital received by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary from an Unrestricted Subsidiary, plus

(g) the aggregate amount of any Retained Declined Proceeds since the Effective Date.

Available Equity Amount” means a cumulative amount equal to (without duplication):

(a) the Net Proceeds of new public or private issuances of Qualified Equity Interests (excluding Qualified Equity Interests the proceeds of which will be applied as Cure Amounts) in Holdings or any parent of Holdings which are contributed to the Borrower, plus

(b) capital contributions received by the Borrower after the Effective Date in cash or Permitted Investments (other than in respect of any Disqualified Equity Interest), plus

(c) the net cash proceeds received by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary from Indebtedness and Disqualified Equity Interest issuances issued after the Effective Date and which have been exchanged or converted into Qualified Equity Interests, plus

(d) returns, profits, distributions and similar amounts received in cash or Permitted Investments by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary on Investments made using the Available Equity Amount (not to exceed the amount of such Investments).

Average Exchange Rate” means the daily average currency exchange rate for the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Borrower for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or Section 5.01(b) (or, prior to the first such delivery, such financial statements referred to in Section 4.01(h)), as reasonably determined in good faith by the Borrower based on the Bloomberg Key Cross Currency Rates Page at such time or, if the Borrower is unable to determine the Average Exchange Rate based on the Bloomberg Key Cross Currency Rates Page for any reason, publicly reported currency exchange rate information in consultation with the First Lien Administrative Agent; provided further that, if an amount that is to otherwise be converted using the foregoing methodology has been hedged, swapped or otherwise effectively converted into another currency pursuant to a Swap Agreement to which any Loan Party is a party, the currency exchange rate so utilized for that amount shall be as set forth in such Swap Agreement (copies of which shall be made available to the First Lien Administrative Agent upon request).

BA Rate” means, for any Interest Period with respect to a Eurodollar Borrowing denominated in Canadian Dollars, the rate per annum equal to the average discount rate for Canadian Dollar bankers’ acceptances of the appropriate face amount for such Interest Period as quoted on the Reuters Screen CDOR page (or such other page as is a replacement page for such bankers’ acceptances) as of 10:00 a.m., Toronto, Ontario time, on the date of determination.

Bail-In Action” means the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable EEA Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an EEA Financial Institution.

Bail-In Legislation” means, with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule.

Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

Beneficial Ownership Regulation” means 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230.

Benefit Plan” means any of (a) an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) a “plan” as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Code or (c) any Person whose assets include (for purposes of ERISA Section 3(42) or otherwise for purposes of Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) the assets of any such “employee benefit plan” or “plan”.

 

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Board of Directors” means, with respect to any Person, (a) in the case of any corporation, the board of directors of such Person or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board, (b) in the case of any limited liability company, the board of managers, board of directors, manager or managing member of such Person or the functional equivalent of the foregoing or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board, manager or managing member, (c) in the case of any partnership, the board of directors or board of managers of the general partner of such Person and (d) in any other case, the functional equivalent of the foregoing.

Board of Governors” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States of America.

Borrower” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements hereto.

Borrower Materials” has the meaning assigned to such term in the last paragraph of Section 5.01.

Borrower Offer of Specified Discount Prepayment” means the offer by the Borrower to make a voluntary prepayment of Term Loans at a Specified Discount to par pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii)(B).

Borrower Solicitation of Discount Range Prepayment Offers” means the solicitation by the Borrower of offers for, and the corresponding acceptance by a Term Lender of, a voluntary prepayment of Term Loans at a specified range at a discount to par pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C).

Borrower Solicitation of Discounted Prepayment Offers” means the solicitation by the Borrower of offers for, and the subsequent acceptance, if any, by a Term Lender of, a voluntary prepayment of Term Loans at a discount to par pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D).

Borrowing” means (a) Loans of the same Class, Type and currency, made, converted or continued on the same date and, in the case of Eurodollar Loans, as to which a single Interest Period is in effect, or (b) a Swingline Loan.

Borrowing Minimum” means (a) in the case of a Eurodollar Revolving Borrowing, $1,000,000, (b) in the case of an ABR Revolving Borrowing, $500,000 and (c) in the case of a Swingline Loan, $100,000.

Borrowing Multiple” means (a) in the case of a Eurodollar Revolving Borrowing, $1,000,000, (b) in the case of an ABR Revolving Borrowing, $500,000 and (c) in the case of a Swingline Loan, $100,000.

Borrowing Request” means a request by the Borrower for a Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.03.

Business Day” means (i) subject to clauses (ii) and (iii) below, any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York City are authorized or required by Requirements of Law to remain closed, (ii) with respect to all notices and determinations in connection with, and payments of principal and interest on or with respect to Loans denominated in Euros or Sterling, any day that is a Business Day described in clause (i) and that is also (a) a day for trading by and between banks in the London interbank market and which shall not be a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions are authorized or required by Requirements of Law or other government action to remain closed in London, England and (b) in relation to any payment in Euros, a TARGET Day and (iii) with respect to all notices and determinations in connection with, and payments of principal and interest on or with respect to, Loans denominated in any other Alternative Currency, any day that is a Business Day described in clauses (i) and (ii) and that is also a day which is not a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions are authorized or required by Requirements of Law or other government action to remain closed in the country of issuance of the applicable currency.

 

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Canadian Base Rate” means, for any day, a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (a) the rate which the principal office of the First Lien Administrative Agent in Toronto, Ontario then quotes, publishes and refers to as its “prime rate” and which is its reference rate of interest for loans in Canadian Dollars made in Canada to commercial borrowers and (b) the one-month Adjusted BA Rate, plus 1.00% per annum, adjusted automatically with each quoted, published or displayed change in such rate, all without necessity of any notice to the Borrower or any other Person.

Canadian Dollars” means the lawful money of Canada.

Capital Lease Obligations” of any Person means the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under any lease of (or other arrangement conveying the right to use) real or personal property, or a combination thereof, which obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as capital leases on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP, and the amount of such obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof determined in accordance with GAAP; provided that all leases of such Person that are or would have been treated as operating leases for purposes of GAAP prior to the issuance on February 25, 2016 of the Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “ASU”) shall continue to be accounted for as operating leases for purposes of all financial definitions and calculations for purposes of the Loan Documents (whether or not such operating lease obligations were in effect on such date) notwithstanding the fact that such obligations are required in accordance with the ASU (on a prospective or retroactive basis or otherwise) to be treated as capitalized lease obligations in the financial statements to be delivered pursuant to the Loan Documents.

Capitalized Leases” means all leases that have been or should be, in accordance with GAAP as in effect on the Effective Date, recorded as capitalized leases; provided that for all purposes hereunder the amount of obligations under any Capitalized Lease shall be the amount thereof accounted for as a liability in accordance with GAAP.

Capitalized Software Expenditures” means, for any period, the aggregate of all expenditures (whether paid in cash or accrued as liabilities) by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period in respect of purchased software or internally developed software and software enhancements that, in conformity with GAAP, are or are required to be reflected as capitalized costs on the consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries.

Cash Management Obligations” means (a) obligations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary in respect of any overdraft and related liabilities arising from treasury, depository, cash pooling arrangements and cash management services or any automated clearing house transfers of funds and (b) other obligations in respect of netting services, employee credit or purchase card programs and similar arrangements.

Cash Management Services” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Secured Cash Management Obligations.”

Casualty Event” means any event that gives rise to the receipt by the Borrower or any Subsidiary of any insurance proceeds or condemnation awards in an amount in excess of $20,000,000 in respect of any equipment, fixed assets or real property (including any improvements thereon) to replace or repair such equipment, fixed assets or real property.

CFC” means a “controlled foreign corporation” within the meaning of Sections 956 and 957 of the Code.

Change of Control” means (a) the failure of Holdings prior to an IPO, or, after the IPO, the IPO Entity, directly or indirectly through wholly owned subsidiaries, to own all of the Equity Interests of the Borrower, (b) prior to an IPO, the failure by the Permitted Holders to own, directly or indirectly through one or more holding company parents of Holdings, beneficially and of record, Equity Interests in Holdings representing at least a majority of the aggregate ordinary voting power for the election of members of the Board of Directors of Holdings represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in Holdings, unless the Permitted Holders otherwise have the right (pursuant to contract, proxy, ownership of Equity Interests or otherwise), directly or indirectly, to designate, nominate

 

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or appoint (and do so designate, nominate or appoint) a majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings, (c) after an IPO, the acquisition of ownership, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record, by any Person or group, other than the Permitted Holders (directly or indirectly, including through one or more holding companies), of Equity Interests representing 40% or more of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in the IPO Entity and the percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power so held is greater than the percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the Equity Interests in the IPO Entity held by the Permitted Holders, unless the Permitted Holders (directly or indirectly, including through one of more holding companies) otherwise have the right (pursuant to contract, proxy or otherwise), directly or indirectly, to designate, nominate or appoint (and do so designate, nominate or appoint) a majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings or the IPO Entity, (d) the occurrence of a “Change of Control” (or similar event, however denominated) as defined in the Second Lien Indenture unless such debt is repaid or commitments terminated (as applicable) substantially simultaneously with the occurrence of such “Change of Control” under such documentation in a manner not prohibited hereunder or (e) the occurrence of a “Change of Control” (or similar event, however denominated), as defined in the documentation governing any Junior Financing that is Material Indebtedness, unless such Junior Financing is repaid substantially simultaneously with the occurrence of such “Change of Control” under such documentation in a manner permitted hereunder.

For purposes of this definition, (i) “beneficial ownership” shall be as defined in Rules 13(d)-3 and 13(d)-5 under the Exchange Act, (ii) the phrase Person or “group” is within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act, but excluding any employee benefit plan of such Person or “group” and its subsidiaries and any Person acting in its capacity as trustee, agent or other fiduciary or administrator of any such plan, and (iii) if any Person or “group” includes one or more Permitted Holders, the issued and outstanding Equity Interests of Holdings, the IPO Entity or the Borrower, as applicable, directly or indirectly owned by the Permitted Holders that are part of such Person or “group” shall not be treated as being owned by such Person or “group” for purposes of determining whether clause (c) of this definition is triggered.

Change in Law” means: (a) the adoption of any rule, regulation, treaty or other law after the date of this Agreement, (b) any change in any rule, regulation, treaty or other law or in the administration, interpretation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority after the date of this Agreement or (c) the making or issuance of any request, guideline or directive (whether or not having the force of law) of any Governmental Authority made or issued after the date of this Agreement; provided, that notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (x) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all rules, regulations, guidelines or directives thereunder or issued in connection therewith and (y) all requests, rules, guidelines or directives promulgated by the Bank of International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or by the United States, Canada, United Kingdom or other foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel III, shall, in each case, be deemed to be a “Change in Law,” to the extent enacted, adopted, promulgated or issued after the date of this Agreement, but only to the extent such rules, regulations, or published interpretations or directives are applied to Holdings and its Subsidiaries by the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender in substantially the same manner as applied to other similarly situated borrowers under comparable syndicated credit facilities, including, without limitation, for purposes of Section 2.15.

Class” when used in reference to (a) any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are Revolving Loans, Other Revolving Loans, Term Loans, First Lien Incremental Term Loans, Other First Lien Term Loans or Swingline Loans, (b) any Commitment, refers to whether such Commitment is a Revolving Commitment, Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitment, Other Revolving Commitment, Term Commitment or Other First Lien Term Commitment and (c) any Lender, refers to whether such Lender has a Loan or Commitment with respect to a particular Class of Loans or Commitments. Other First Lien Term Commitments, Other First Lien Term Loans, Other Revolving Commitments (and the Other Revolving Loans made pursuant thereto), Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments and First Lien Incremental Term Loans that have different terms and conditions shall be construed to be in different Classes.

Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

Collateral” means any and all assets, whether real or personal, tangible or intangible, on which Liens are purported to be granted pursuant to the Security Documents as security for the Secured Obligations.

 

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Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” means, at any time, the requirement that:

(a) the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received from (i) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries (other than any Excluded Subsidiary) either (x) a counterpart of the First Lien Guarantee Agreement duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person or (y) in the case of any Person that becomes a Loan Party after the Effective Date (including by ceasing to be an Excluded Subsidiary), a supplement to the First Lien Guarantee Agreement, in substantially the form specified therein, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person and (ii) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and each Subsidiary Loan Party either (x) a counterpart of the First Lien Collateral Agreement duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person or (y) in the case of any Person that becomes a Subsidiary Loan Party after the Effective Date (including by ceasing to be an Excluded Subsidiary), a supplement to the First Lien Collateral Agreement, substantially the form specified therein, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Person, in each case under this clause (a) together with, in the case of any such First Lien Loan Documents executed and delivered after the Effective Date, to the extent reasonably requested by the First Lien Administrative Agent, opinions and documents of the type referred to in Sections 4.01(b) and 4.01(d);

(b) all outstanding Equity Interests of the Borrower, any Intermediate Parent and each Restricted Subsidiary (other than any Equity Interests constituting Excluded Assets) owned by or on behalf of any Loan Party, shall have been pledged pursuant to the First Lien Collateral Agreement, and the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received certificates, if any, representing all such Equity Interests to the extent constituting “certificated securities”, together with undated stock powers or other instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank;

(c) if any Indebtedness for borrowed money of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary in a principal amount of $20,000,000 or more is owing by such obligor to any Loan Party and such Indebtedness shall be evidenced by a promissory note, such promissory note shall be pledged pursuant to the First Lien Collateral Agreement, and the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received all such promissory notes, together with undated instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank; provided, however, that the foregoing delivery requirement with respect to any intercompany indebtedness may be satisfied by delivery of an omnibus or global intercompany note executed by all Loan Parties as payees and all such obligors as payors;

(d) all certificates, agreements, documents and instruments, including Uniform Commercial Code financing statements and Intellectual Property Security Agreements with respect to any Trademarks, Patents and Copyrights that are registered, issued or applied-for in the United States and that constitute Collateral, for the filing with the United States Patent or Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office to the extent required by this Agreement, the Security Documents, Requirements of Law and as reasonably requested by the First Lien Administrative Agent to be filed, delivered, registered or recorded to create the Liens intended to be created by the Security Documents and perfect such Liens to the extent required by, and with the priority required by, this Agreement, the Security Documents and the other provisions of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” shall have been filed, registered or recorded or delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent for filing, registration or recording; and

(e) the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received (i) counterparts of a Mortgage with respect to each Material Real Property duly executed and delivered by the record owner of such Mortgaged Property (if the Mortgaged Property is in a jurisdiction that imposes a mortgage recording or similar tax on the amount secured by such Mortgage, then the amount secured by such Mortgage shall be limited to the Fair Market Value of such Mortgaged Property, as reasonably determined by Holdings), (ii) a policy or policies of title insurance (or marked unconditional commitment to issue such policy or policies) issued by a nationally recognized title insurance company insuring the Lien of each such Mortgage as a first priority Lien on the Mortgaged Property described therein, free of any other Liens except as expressly permitted by Section 6.02, together with such customary lender’s endorsements (other than a creditor’s rights endorsement) as the First Lien Administrative Agent may reasonably request to the extent available in the applicable jurisdiction at commercially reasonable rates (it being agreed that the First Lien Administrative Agent shall accept zoning reports from a nationally recognized zoning company in lieu of zoning

 

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endorsements to such title insurance policies), in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of such Mortgaged Property or as otherwise reasonably agreed by the parties; provided that in no event will the Borrower be required to obtain independent appraisals of such Mortgaged Properties, unless required by FIRREA, (iii) a completed “Life-of-Loan” Federal Emergency Management Agency standard flood hazard determination with respect to each Mortgaged Property on a “Building” (as defined in 12 CFR Chapter III, Section 339.2) is located, and if any Mortgaged Property on which a “Building” (as defined in 12 CFR Chapter III, Section 339.2) is located in an area determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (or any successor agency) to be located in a special flood hazard area, a duly executed notice about special flood hazard area status and flood disaster assistance and evidence of such flood insurance as provided in Section 5.07(b), (iv) in each case if reasonably requested by the First Lien Administrative Agent, a customary legal opinion with respect to each such Mortgage, from counsel qualified to opine in each jurisdiction (i) where a Mortgaged Property is located regarding the enforceability of the Mortgage and (ii) where the applicable Loan Party granting the Mortgage on said Mortgaged Property is organized, regarding the due authorization, execution and delivery of such Mortgage, and in each case, such other customary matters as may be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent, (v) a survey or existing survey together with a no change affidavit of such Mortgaged Property, in compliance with the 2016 Minimum Standard Detail Requirements for ALTA/ACSM Land Title Surveys (or 2011 Minimum Standard Detail Requirements for ALTA/ACSM Land Title Surveys in the case of any existing survey) and otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent, and (vi) evidence of payment of title insurance premiums and expenses and all recording, mortgage, transfer and stamp taxes and fees payable in connection with recording the Mortgage, any amendments thereto and any fixture filings in appropriate county land office(s).

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this definition or anything in this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document to the contrary, (a) the foregoing provisions of this definition shall not require the creation or perfection of pledges of or security interests in, or the obtaining of title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables with respect to, particular assets of the Loan Parties, or the provision of Guarantees by any Subsidiary, if, and for so long as the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower reasonably agree in writing that the cost, burden, difficulty or consequence of creating or perfecting such pledges or security interests in such assets, or obtaining such title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables in respect of such assets, or providing such Guarantees (taking into account any adverse tax consequences to Holdings and its Affiliates (including the imposition of withholding or other material taxes)), is excessive in relation to the benefits to be obtained by the Lenders therefrom; (b) Liens required to be granted from time to time pursuant to the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” shall be subject to exceptions and limitations set forth in this Agreement and the Security Documents; (c) in no event shall control agreements or other control or similar arrangements be required with respect to cash, Permitted Investments, other deposit accounts, securities and commodities accounts (including securities entitlements and related assets), letter of credit rights or other assets requiring perfection by control (but not, for avoidance of doubt, possession); (d) in no event shall any Loan Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to the perfection of security interests in any jurisdiction outside of a Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, in any jurisdiction outside the United States), and no actions in any non-Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, in any jurisdiction outside the United States) or required by the laws of any non-Covered Jurisdiction (or, with respect to Intellectual Property, by the laws of any jurisdiction outside the United States) shall be required to be taken to create any security interests in assets located or titled outside of any Covered Jurisdiction (including in any Equity Interests of Subsidiaries organized outside of a Covered Jurisdiction), or in any Intellectual Property governed by, arising, existing, registered or applied for under the laws of any jurisdiction other than the United States of America, any State or to perfect or make enforceable any security interests in any such assets (it being understood that there shall be no security agreements or pledge agreements governed under the laws of any non-U.S. jurisdiction); (e) in no event shall any Loan Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to perfection of security interests in assets subject to certificates of title beyond the filing of UCC financing statements; (f) other than the filing of UCC financing statements, no perfection shall be required with respect to promissory notes evidencing debt for borrowed money in a principal amount of less than $20,000,000; (g) in no event shall any Loan Party be required to complete any filings or other action with respect to security interests in Intellectual Property beyond the filing of Intellectual Property Security Agreements with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office; (h) no actions shall be required to perfect a security interest in letter of credit rights (other than the filing of UCC financing statements) ; and (i) in no event shall the Collateral include any Excluded Assets. The First Lien Administrative Agent may grant extensions of time for the creation and perfection of security interests

 

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in or the obtaining of title insurance, legal opinions or other deliverables with respect to particular assets or the provision of any Guarantee by any Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent (including extensions beyond the Effective Date or in connection with assets acquired, or Subsidiaries formed or acquired, after the Effective Date) and any other obligations under this definition where it determines that such action cannot be accomplished without undue effort or expense by the time or times at which it would otherwise be required to be accomplished by this Agreement (including as set forth on Schedule 5.14) or the Security Documents.

Commitment” means (a) with respect to any Lender, its Revolving Commitment, Other Revolving Commitment of any Class, Term Commitment, Other First Lien Term Commitment of any Class or any combination thereof (as the context requires) and (b) with respect to any Swingline Lender, its Swingline Commitment.

Commitment Fee Percentage” means, for any day, the applicable percentage set forth below under the caption “Commitment Fee Percentage” based upon the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio as of the end of the fiscal quarter of the Borrower for which consolidated financial statements have theretofore been most recently delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or 5.01(b); provided that, until the date of the delivery of the consolidated financial statements pursuant to Section 5.01(b) as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, the Commitment Fee Percentage shall be based on the rates per annum set forth in Category 1:

 

Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage

Ratio

   Commitment
Percentage
    Fee  

Category 1

Greater than 5.00 to 1.00

     0.500  

Category 2

Greater than 4.50 to 1.00, but less than or equal to 5.00 to 1.00

     0.375  

Category 3

Less than or equal to 4.50 to 1.00

     0.250  

For purposes of the foregoing, each change in the Commitment Fee Percentage resulting from a change in the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio shall be effective during the period commencing on and including the Business Day following the date of delivery to the First Lien Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or 5.01(b) of the consolidated financial statements and related Compliance Certificate indicating such change and ending on the date immediately preceding the effective date of the next such change. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Commitment Fee Percentage, at the option of the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Required Revolving Lenders, commencing upon written notice to the Borrower, shall be based on the rates per annum set forth in Category 1 (i) at any time that an Event of Default under Section 7.01(a) has occurred and is continuing and shall continue to so apply to but excluding the date on which such Event of Default shall cease to be continuing (and thereafter, the Category otherwise determined in accordance with this definition shall apply) or (ii) if the Borrower fails to deliver the consolidated financial statements required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or 5.01(b) or any Compliance Certificate required to be delivered pursuant hereto, in each case within the time periods specified herein for such delivery, during the period commencing on and including the day of the occurrence of a Default resulting from such failure and until the delivery thereof.

Commodity Exchange Act” means the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.), as amended from time to time, and any successor statute.

Compliance Certificate” means the certificate required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(d).

Consolidated EBITDA” means, for any period, Consolidated Net Income for such period, plus:

 

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(a) without duplication and to the extent already deducted (and not added back) in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of the following amounts for such period:

(i) total interest expense and, to the extent not reflected in such total interest expense, the sum of (A) premium payments, debt discount, fees, charges and related expenses incurred in connection with borrowed money (including capitalized interest) or in connection with the deferred purchase price of assets plus (B) the portion of rent expense with respect to such period under Capitalized Leases that is treated as interest expense in accordance with GAAP plus (C) the implied interest component of synthetic leases with respect to such period plus (D) any losses on hedging obligations or other derivative instruments entered into for the purpose of hedging interest rate risk, net of interest income and gains on such hedging obligations or such derivative instruments plus (E) bank and letter of credit fees and costs of surety bonds in connection with financing activities, plus (F) any commissions, discounts, yield and other fees and charges (including any interest expense) related to any Qualified Securitization Facility;

(ii) provision for taxes based on income, profits or capital and sales taxes, including federal, provincial, territorial, foreign, state, local, franchise, excise, and similar taxes and foreign withholding taxes paid or accrued during such period (including in respect of repatriated funds) including penalties and interest related to such taxes or arising from any tax examinations (including, without limitation, any additions to such taxes, and any penalties and interest with respect thereto);

(iii) Non-Cash Charges;

(iv) operating expenses incurred on or prior to the Effective Date attributable to (A) salary obligations paid to employees terminated prior to the Effective Date and (B) wages paid to executives in excess of the amounts the Borrower and its Subsidiaries are required to pay pursuant to any employment agreements;

(v) extraordinary losses or charges;

(vi) unusual, non-recurring or exceptional expenses, losses or charges (including any unusual, non-recurring exceptional operating expenses, losses or charges directly attributable to the implementation of cost savings initiatives), severance, relocation costs, integration and facilities’ opening costs and other business optimization expenses and operating improvements (including related to new product introductions), recruiting fees, signing costs, retention or completion bonuses, transition costs, costs related to closure/consolidation of facilities, internal costs in respect of strategic initiatives and curtailments or modifications to pension and post-retirement employee benefit plans (including any settlement of pension liabilities), contract terminations and professional and consulting fees incurred in connection with any of the foregoing;

(vii) restructuring charges, accruals or reserves (including restructuring and integration costs related to acquisitions and adjustments to existing reserves), whether or not classified as restructuring expense on the consolidated financial statements;

(viii) the amount of any non-controlling interest consisting of income attributable to non-controlling interests of third parties in any Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary deducted (and not added back in such period) in calculating Consolidated Net Income;

(ix) (A) the amount of board of directors, management, monitoring, consulting and advisory fees, indemnities and related expenses paid or accrued in such period (including any termination fees payable in connection with the early termination of management and monitoring agreements) and (B) the amount of expenses relating to payments made to option holders of the Borrower or any of its direct or indirect parent companies in connection with, or as a result of, any distribution being made to shareholders of such Person or its direct or indirect parent companies, which payments are being made to compensate such option holders as though they were shareholders at the time of, and entitled to share in, such distribution, in each case to the extent permitted by the First Lien Loan Documents;

 

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(x) losses on asset sales, disposals or abandonments (other than asset sales, disposals or abandonments in the ordinary course of business);

(xi) losses, expenses or charges (including all fees and expenses or charges relating thereto) (A) from abandoned, closed, disposed or discontinued operations and any losses on disposal of abandoned, closed or discontinued operations and (B) attributable to business dispositions or asset dispositions (other than in the ordinary course of business) as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer;

(xii) any non-cash loss attributable to the mark to market movement in the valuation of any Equity Interests, and hedging obligations or other derivative instruments (in each case, including pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging but only to the extent the cash impact resulting from such loss has not been realized);

(xiii) any loss relating to amounts paid in cash prior to the stated settlement date of any hedging obligation that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income for such period;

(xiv) any gain relating to hedging obligations associated with transactions realized in the current period that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in prior periods and excluded from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (c)(iv) and (c)(v) below;

(xv) any costs or expenses incurred by Holdings, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to any management equity plan or stock option plan or any other management or employee benefit plan or agreement, any severance agreement or any stock subscription or shareholder agreement, to the extent that such costs or expenses are non-cash or otherwise funded with cash proceeds contributed to the capital of Holdings or Net Proceeds of an issuance of Equity Interests of Holdings (other than Disqualified Equity Interests);

(xvi) any net pension or other post-employment benefit costs representing amortization of unrecognized prior service costs, actuarial losses, including amortization of such amounts arising in prior periods, amortization of the unrecognized net obligation (and loss or cost) existing at the date of initial application of FASB Accounting Standards Codification 715, and any other items of a similar nature;

(xvii) any other add-backs and adjustments specified in the Model;

(xviii) adjustments, exclusions and add-backs consistent with Regulation S-X or contained in a quality of earnings report in connection with a Permitted Acquisition or Investment made available to the First Lien Administrative Agent conducted by financial advisors (which are either nationally recognized or reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent (it being understood and agreed that any of the “Big Four” accounting firms are acceptable))

(xix) the amount of losses on Dispositions of accounts receivable, Securitization Assets and related assets incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility;

(xx) charges, losses, lost profits, expenses (including litigation expenses, fees and charges) or write-offs to the extent indemnified or insured by a third party, including expenses or losses covered by indemnification provisions or by any insurance provider in connection with the Transactions, a Permitted Acquisition or any other acquisition or Investment, disposition or any Casualty Event, in each case, to the extent that coverage has not been denied and so long as such amounts are actually reimbursed in cash within one year after the related amount is first added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to this clause (xix) (and if not so reimbursed within one year, such amount shall be deducted from Consolidated EBITDA for the first fiscal quarter ending after the end of such year); and

 

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(xxi) Public Company Costs;

plus

(b) without duplication, (i) the amount of “run rate” cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies related to any Specified Transaction, the Transactions, any restructuring, cost saving initiative or other initiative projected by the Borrower in good faith to be realized as a result of actions taken, committed to be taken or planned to be taken, in each case on or prior to the date that is 24 months after the end of the relevant Test Period (including actions initiated prior to the Effective Date) (which cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies shall be added to Consolidated EBITDA until fully realized and calculated on a pro forma basis as though such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies had been realized on the first day of the relevant period), net of the amount of actual benefits realized from such actions; provided that (A) such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements and synergies are reasonably identifiable and quantifiable and (B) no cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements or synergies shall be added pursuant to this clause (b) to the extent duplicative of any expenses or charges relating to such cost savings, operating expense reductions, other operating improvements or synergies that are included in clauses (a)(vi) and (a)(vii) above or in the definition of “Pro Forma Adjustment” (it being understood and agreed that “run rate” shall mean the full recurring benefit that is associated with any action taken);

less

(c) without duplication and to the extent included in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of the following amounts for such period:

(i) extraordinary gains and unusual or non-recurring gains (other than gains arising from the receipt of business interruption insurance proceeds);

(ii) non-cash gains (excluding any non-cash gain to the extent it represents the reversal of an accrual or reserve for a potential cash item that reduced Consolidated Net Income or Consolidated EBITDA in any prior period);

(iii) gains on asset sales, disposals or abandonments (other than asset sales, disposals or abandonments in the ordinary course of business);

(iv) any non-cash gain attributable to the mark to market movement in the valuation of any Equity Interests, and hedging obligations or other derivative instruments (in each case, including pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging but only to the extent the cash impact resulting from such gain has not been realized);

(v) any gain relating to amounts received in cash prior to the stated settlement date of any hedging obligation that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in such period;

(vi) any loss relating to hedging obligations associated with transactions realized in the current period that has been reflected in Consolidated Net Income in prior periods and excluded from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (a)(xii) and (a)(xiii) above; and

(vii) the amount of any non-controlling interest consisting of loss attributable to non-controlling interests of third parties in any Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary added (and not deducted in such period) to Consolidated Net Income; plus

 

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(d) any income from investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting, without duplication and to the extent not included in arriving at Consolidated Net Income, except to the extent such income was attributable to income that would be deducted pursuant to clause (c) if it were income of the Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; minus

(e) any losses from investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting, without duplication and to the extent not deducted in arriving at Consolidated Net Income, except to the extent such loss was attributable to losses that would be added back pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above if it were a loss of the Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; plus

(f) an amount, with respect to investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting and without duplication of any amounts added pursuant to clause (d) above, equal to the amount attributable to each such investment that would be added to Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above if instead attributable to the Borrower or a Restricted Subsidiary, pro-rated according to the Borrower’s or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary’s percentage ownership in such investment; minus

(g) an amount, with respect to investments recorded using the equity method of accounting or the cost method of accounting and without duplication of any amounts deducted pursuant to clause (e) above, equal to the amount attributable to each such investment that would be deducted from Consolidated EBITDA pursuant to clause (c) above if instead attributable to the Borrower or a Restricted Subsidiary, pro-rated according to the Borrower’s or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary’s percentage ownership in such investment;

in each case, as determined on a consolidated basis for the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP; provided that:

(I) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA currency translation gains and losses related to currency remeasurements of assets or liabilities (including the net loss or gain resulting from hedging agreements for currency exchange risk and revaluations of intercompany balances),

(II) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period any adjustments resulting from the application of Financial Accounting Standards Codification No. 815—Derivatives and Hedging,

(III) there shall be included in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period, without duplication, (A) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, the Acquired EBITDA of any Person, property, business or asset or attributable to any Person, property, business or asset acquired by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary during such period (other than any Unrestricted Subsidiary) to the extent not subsequently sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of (but not including the Acquired EBITDA of any related Person, property, business or assets to the extent not so acquired) (each such Person, property, business or asset acquired, including pursuant to the Transactions or pursuant to a transaction consummated prior to the Effective Date, and not subsequently so disposed of, an “Acquired Entity or Business”), and the Acquired EBITDA of any Unrestricted Subsidiary that is converted into a Restricted Subsidiary during such period (each, a “Converted Restricted Subsidiary”), in each case based on the Acquired EBITDA of such Pro Forma Entity for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such acquisition or conversion) determined on a historical Pro Forma Basis and (B) an adjustment in respect of each Pro Forma Entity equal to the amount of the Pro Forma Adjustment with respect to such Pro Forma Entity for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such acquisition or conversion) as specified in the Pro Forma Adjustment certificate delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent (for further delivery to the Lenders);

(IV) there shall be (A) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period the Disposed EBITDA of any Person, property, business or asset (other than any Unrestricted Subsidiary) sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, closed or classified as discontinued operations in accordance with GAAP (other than (x) if so classified on the basis

 

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that it is being held for sale unless such sale has actually occurred during such period and (y) for periods prior to the applicable sale, transfer or other disposition, if the Disposed EBITDA of such Person, property, business or asset is positive (i.e., if such Disposed EBITDA is negative, it shall be added back in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period)) by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary during such period (each such Person, property, business or asset so sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, closed or classified, a “Sold Entity or Business”), and the Disposed EBITDA of any Restricted Subsidiary that is converted into an Unrestricted Subsidiary during such period (each, a “Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary”), in each case based on the Disposed EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary for such period (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such sale, transfer, disposition, closure, classification or conversion) determined on a historical Pro Forma Basis and (B) to the extent not included in Consolidated Net Income, included in determining Consolidated EBITDA for any period in which a Sold Entity or Business is disposed, an adjustment equal to the Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment with respect to such Sold Entity or Business (including the portion thereof occurring prior to such disposal) as specified in the Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment certificate delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent (for further delivery to the Lenders); and

(V) to the extent included in Consolidated Net Income, there shall be excluded in determining Consolidated EBITDA any expense (or income) as a result of adjustments recorded to contingent consideration liabilities relating to the Transaction or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited under this Agreement).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Consolidated EBITDA shall be deemed to equal (a) $94,434,000 for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019, (b) $89,137,000 for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2019, (c) $103,037,000 for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2019 and (d) $97,661,000 for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2018 (it being understood that such amounts are subject to adjustments, as and to the extent otherwise contemplated in this Agreement, in connection with any Pro Forma Adjustment or any calculation on a Pro Forma Basis); provided that such amounts of Consolidated EBITDA for any such fiscal quarter may be further increased to include, without duplication, any adjustments that would otherwise be included pursuant to clause (b) of this definition.

Consolidated Interest Expense” means the sum of (a) the amount of cash interest expense (including that attributable to Capitalized Leases), net of cash interest income of the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to all outstanding Indebtedness of the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries, including all commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters of credit and bankers’ acceptance financing and net costs under hedging agreements, plus (b) the aggregate amount of actual cash payments made with respect to any increase in the principal amount of Indebtedness as a result of pay-in-kind interest that are required to be made in connection with any repayment of such Indebtedness, and excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, (i) amortization of deferred financing costs, debt issuance costs (including bridge, commitment and other financing fees), commissions, fees and expenses and any other amounts of non-cash interest (including as a result of the effects of acquisition method accounting or pushdown accounting), (ii) non-cash interest expense attributable to the movement of the mark-to-market valuation of obligations under hedging agreements or other derivative instruments pursuant to FASB Accounting Standards Codification No. 815-Derivatives and Hedging, (iii) any one-time cash costs associated with breakage in respect of hedging agreements for interest rates, (iv) all non-recurring cash interest expense consisting of liquidated damages for failure to timely comply with registration rights obligations, (v) any prepayment premium or penalty, (vii) penalties and interest relating to taxes, (viii) any accretion of accrued interest on discounted liabilities (other than Indebtedness except to the extent arising from the application of purchase accounting), (ix) any “additional interest” with respect to debt securities, (x) commissions, discounts, yield and other fees and charges (including any interest expense) related to any Securitization Facility and (xi) any interest expense attributable to the exercise of appraisal rights and the settlement of any claims or actions (whether actual, contingent or potential) with respect thereto and with respect to any Permitted Acquisition or other Investment, all as calculated on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

Consolidated Net Income” means, for any period, the net income (loss) of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, excluding, without duplication,

(a) extraordinary items for such period,

 

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(b) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles during such period,

(c) any Transaction Costs incurred during such period,

(d) any fees and expenses (including any transaction or retention bonus or similar payment) incurred during such period, or any amortization thereof for such period, in connection with any acquisition, non-recurring costs to acquire equipment to the extent not capitalized in accordance with GAAP, Investment, recapitalization, asset disposition, non-competition agreement, issuance or repayment of debt, issuance of equity securities, refinancing transaction or amendment or other modification of or waiver or consent relating to any debt instrument (in each case, including the Transaction Costs and any such transaction consummated prior to the Effective Date and any such transaction undertaken but not completed) and any charges or non-recurring merger or amalgamation costs incurred during such period as a result of any such transaction, in each case whether or not successful (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the effects of expensing all transaction-related expenses in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification 805 and gains or losses associated with FASB Accounting Standards Codification 460),

(e) any income (loss) for such period attributable to the early extinguishment of Indebtedness, hedging agreements or other derivative instruments,

(f) accruals and reserves that are established or adjusted as a result of the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited under this Agreement in accordance with GAAP (including any adjustment of estimated payouts on earn-outs) or changes as a result of the adoption or modification of accounting policies during such period,

(g) stock-based award compensation expenses,

(h) any income (loss) attributable to deferred compensation plans or trusts,

(i) any income (loss) from Investments recorded using the equity method, and

(j) the amount of any expense required to be recorded as compensation expense related to contingent transaction consideration.

There shall be included in Consolidated Net Income, without duplication, the amount of any cash tax benefits related to the tax amortization of intangible assets in such period. There shall be excluded from Consolidated Net Income for any period the effects from applying acquisition method accounting, including applying acquisition method accounting to inventory, property and equipment, loans and leases, software and other intangible assets and deferred revenue (including deferred costs related thereto) required or permitted by GAAP and related authoritative pronouncements (including the effects of such adjustments pushed down to the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries), as a result of the Transactions, any acquisition or Investment consummated prior to the Effective Date and any Permitted Acquisitions (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder) or the amortization or write-off of any amounts thereof.

In addition, to the extent not already included in Consolidated Net Income, Consolidated Net Income shall include the amount of proceeds received or due from business interruption insurance or reimbursement of expenses and charges pursuant to indemnification and other reimbursement provisions in connection with any acquisition or other Investment or any disposition of any asset permitted hereunder.

Consolidated Senior Secured First Lien Net Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date that is not subordinated in right of payment to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations and that is secured by a Lien on any asset of the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries that is not expressly subordinated to Liens on any asset of the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries securing the First Lien Loan Document Obligations (including, for avoidance of doubt, the First Lien Loan Document Obligations), determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the

 

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acquisition method accounting in connection with the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder) consisting only of Senior Secured First Lien Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including cash and Permitted Investments restricted in favor of the Secured Obligations (which may also secure other Indebtedness secured by a pari passu or junior lien on the Collateral along with the Secured Obligations).

Consolidated Senior Secured Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date that is not subordinated in right of payment to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations and that is not subordinated in right of payment to the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations and that is secured by a Lien on any asset of the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the First Lien Loan Document Obligations and the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations), determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the acquisition method accounting in connection with the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder)) and consisting only of such Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including, notwithstanding the foregoing, cash and Permitted Investments so restricted by virtue of being subject to any Permitted Encumbrance or to any Lien permitted under Section 6.02 that secures the Secured Obligations (which Lien may also secure other Indebtedness secured on a pari passu basis with, or a junior lien basis to, the Secured Obligations).

Consolidated Total Net Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (but excluding the effects of any discounting of Indebtedness resulting from the application of the acquisition method accounting in connection with the Transactions or any Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited hereunder)) consisting only of Indebtedness for borrowed money, drawn obligations under letters of credit that have not been reimbursed, obligations in respect of Capitalized Leases and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments, but excluding any obligations under or in respect of Qualified Securitization Facilities, minus the aggregate amount of cash and Permitted Investments (in each case, free and clear of all liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02), excluding cash and Permitted Investments that are listed as “restricted” on the consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date, but including cash and Permitted Investments restricted in favor of the Secured Obligations (which may also secure other Indebtedness secured by a pari passu or junior lien on the Collateral along with the Secured Obligations).

Consolidated Working Capital” means, at any date, the excess of (a) the sum of all amounts (other than cash and Permitted Investments) that would, in conformity with GAAP, be set forth opposite the caption “total current assets” (or any like caption) on a consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries at such date, excluding the current portion of deferred income taxes over (b) the sum of all amounts that would, in conformity with GAAP, be set forth opposite the caption “total current liabilities” (or any like caption) on a consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries on such date, including deferred revenue but excluding, without duplication, (i) the current portion of any Funded Debt, (ii) all Indebtedness consisting of Loans and obligations under Letters of Credit to the extent otherwise included therein, (iii) the current portion of interest and (iv) the current portion of current and deferred income taxes; provided that, for purposes of calculating Excess Cash Flow, increases or decreases in working capital (A) arising from acquisitions or dispositions by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries shall be measured from the date on which such acquisition or disposition occurred until the first anniversary of such acquisition or disposition with respect to the Person subject to such acquisition or disposition

 

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and (B) shall exclude (I) the impact of non-cash adjustments contemplated in the Excess Cash Flow calculation, (II) the impact of adjusting items in the definition of Consolidated Net Income and (III) any changes in current assets or current liabilities as a result of (x) the effect of fluctuations in the amount of accrued or contingent obligations, assets or liabilities under hedging agreements or other derivative obligations, (y) any reclassification in accordance with GAAP of assets or liabilities, as applicable, between current and noncurrent or (z) the effects of acquisition method accounting.

Contract Consideration” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Excess Cash Flow.”

Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies, or the dismissal or appointment of the management, of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.

Converted Restricted Subsidiary” has the meaning given such term in the definition of “Consolidated EBITDA.”

Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary” has the meaning given such term in the definition of “Consolidated EBITDA.”

Copyright” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

Covered Jurisdiction” means each of (a) the United States (or any state, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia) and (b) any other jurisdiction as agreed in writing by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower.

Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness” means Indebtedness issued, incurred or otherwise obtained by the Borrower (including by means of the extension or renewal of existing Indebtedness) in exchange for, or to extend, renew, replace or refinance, in whole or part, existing Term Loans, Revolving Loans (or unused Revolving Commitments) or First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt (“Refinanced Debt”); provided that such exchanging, extending, renewing, replacing or refinancing Indebtedness (a) is in an original aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate principal amount of the Refinanced Debt (plus any premium, accrued interest and fees and expenses incurred in connection with such exchange, extension, renewal, replacement or refinancing), (b) (i) does not mature earlier than or, except in the case of Revolving Commitments, have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity shorter than the Refinanced Debt and (ii) if such Indebtedness is unsecured or secured by the Collateral on a junior lien basis to the Secured Obligations, does not mature or have scheduled amortization or payments of principal prior to the maturity date of the Refinanced Debt (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Refinanced Debt, (c) shall not be guaranteed by any entity that is not a Loan Party, (d) in the case of any secured Indebtedness (i) is not secured by any assets not securing the Secured Obligations and (ii) if not comprising Other First Lien Term Loans or Other Revolving Commitments hereunder that are secured on a pari passu basis with the Secured Obligations, is subject to a Customary Intercreditor Agreement(s) and (e) has covenants and events of default (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) that are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the covenants and events of default of this Agreement (when taken as a whole) are to the Lenders (unless (x) such covenants or other provisions are applicable only to periods after the maturity date of the Refinanced Debt at the time of such refinancing or (y) the Revolving Lenders or the Lenders under the Initial Term Loans, as applicable, also receive the benefit of such more favorable covenants and events of default (together with, at the election of the Borrower, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required by the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of the Lenders if such covenant, event of default or guarantee is (i) also added or modified for the benefit of any corresponding Loans remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of such Indebtedness, (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving

 

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credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility hereunder (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility hereunder) and/or (iii) only applicable after the Latest Maturity Date at the time of such refinancing); provided, however, that the conditions in clauses (b) and (e) above shall not apply to any ABL Facility. For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that (x) notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, in the case of any Indebtedness incurred to modify, refinance, refunding, extend, renew or replace Indebtedness initially incurred in reliance on and measured by reference to a percentage of Consolidated EBITDA at the time of incurrence, and such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement would cause the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA to be exceeded if calculated based on the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA on the date of such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement, such percentage of Consolidated EBITDA restriction shall not be deemed to be exceeded so long as such incurrence otherwise constitutes “Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness” and (y) such Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, no Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness shall be subject to any “most favored nation” pricing adjustments set forth in this Agreement.

Cure Amount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 7.02(a).

Cure Right” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 7.02(a).

Customary Intercreditor Agreement” means (a) to the extent executed in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness secured by Liens on the Collateral which are intended to rank equal in priority to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations, at the option of the Borrower, either (i) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement (with such modifications as may be necessary or appropriate in light of prevailing market conditions and reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent) or (ii) a customary intercreditor agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent, which agreement shall provide that the Liens on the Collateral securing such Indebtedness shall rank equal in priority to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations and (b) to the extent executed in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness secured by Liens on the Collateral which are intended to rank junior to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations, at the option of the Borrower, either (i) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement (with such modifications as may be necessary or appropriate in light of prevailing market conditions and reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent) or (ii) a customary intercreditor agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower, which agreement shall provide that the Liens on the Collateral securing such Indebtedness shall rank junior to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations. With regard to any changes in light of prevailing market conditions as set forth above in clauses (a)(i) or (b)(i) or with regard to clauses (a)(ii) or (b)(ii), such changes or agreement, as applicable, shall be posted to the Lenders not less than five (5) Business Days before execution thereof and, if the Required Lenders shall not have objected to such changes within three (3) Business Days after posting, then the Required Lenders shall be deemed to have agreed that the First Lien Administrative Agent’s entry into such intercreditor agreement (including with such changes) is reasonable and to have consented to such intercreditor agreement (including with such changes) and to the First Lien Administrative Agent’s execution thereof.

Debtor Relief Laws” means the Bankruptcy Code and all other liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief laws of the United States or other applicable jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) from time to time in effect and affecting the rights of creditors generally.

Default” means any event or condition that constitutes an Event of Default or that upon notice, lapse of time or both would, unless cured or waived, become an Event of Default.

Defaulting Lender” means, subject to Section 2.22(b), any Lender that (a) has failed to perform any of its funding obligations hereunder, including in respect of its Loans or participations in respect of Letters of Credit or Swingline Loans, within two (2) Business Days of the date required to be funded by it hereunder unless such Lender notifies the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower in writing that such failure is the result of such Lender’s determination that one or more conditions precedent to funding (each of which conditions precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing) has not been satisfied, (b) has notified the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank, any Swingline Lender or any Lender that it does

 

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not intend to comply with its funding obligations or has made a public statement or provided any written notification to any Person to that effect with respect to its funding obligations hereunder or under other agreements in which it commits to extend credit (unless such writing or public statement relates to such Lender’s obligation to fund a Loan hereunder and states that such position is based on such Lender’s determination that a condition precedent to funding (which condition precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing or public statement) cannot be satisfied), (c) has failed, within three (3) Business Days after request by the First Lien Administrative Agent (whether acting on its own behalf or at the reasonable request of the Borrower (it being understood that the First Lien Administrative Agent shall comply with any such reasonable request)) or any Issuing Bank, to confirm in a manner satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent, such Issuing Bank and the Borrower that it will comply with its funding obligations (provided that such Lender shall cease to be a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this clause (c) upon receipt of such written confirmation by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower), or (d) has, or has a direct or indirect parent company that has, other than via an Undisclosed Administration, (i) become or is insolvent, (ii) become the subject of a proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law, (iii) had a receiver, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with reorganization or liquidation of its business or a custodian appointed for it, (iv) taken any action in furtherance of, or indicated its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any such proceeding or appointment; or (v) become the subject of a Bail-in Action provided that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of the ownership or acquisition of any equity interest in that Lender or any direct or indirect parent company thereof by a Governmental Authority, where such ownership interest or proceeding does not result in or provide such Lender or Person with immunity from the jurisdiction of courts within the United States of America or from the enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment on its assets or permit such Lender or Person (or such Governmental Authority) to reject, repudiate, disavow or disaffirm any contracts or agreements made by such Lender or Person.

Defaulting Lender Fronting Exposure” means, at any time there is a Defaulting Lender, (a) with respect to any Issuing Bank, such Defaulting Lender’s Applicable Percentage of the First Lien Loan Document Obligations with respect to the Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank other than First Lien Loan Document Obligations as to which such Defaulting Lender’s participation obligation has been reallocated to other Lenders or cash collateralized in accordance with the terms hereof, and (b) with respect to the Swingline Lender, such Defaulting Lender’s Applicable Percentage of Swingline Loans other than Swingline Loans as to which such Defaulting Lender’s participation obligation has been reallocated to other Lenders or cash collateralized in accordance with the terms hereof.

Designated Non-Cash Consideration” means the Fair Market Value of non-cash consideration received by the Borrower or a Subsidiary in connection with a Disposition pursuant to Section 6.05(k) that is designated as Designated Non-Cash Consideration pursuant to a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower, setting forth the basis of such valuation (which amount will be reduced by the Fair Market Value of the portion of the non-cash consideration converted to cash within 180 days following the consummation of the applicable Disposition).

Discount Prepayment Accepting Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(B)(2).

Discount Range” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(1).

Discount Range Prepayment Amount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(1).

Discount Range Prepayment Notice” means a written notice of a Borrower Solicitation of Discount Range Prepayment Offers made pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C) substantially in the form of Exhibit I.

Discount Range Prepayment Offer” means the irrevocable written offer by a Term Lender, substantially in the form of Exhibit J, submitted in response to an invitation to submit offers following the Auction Agent’s receipt of a Discount Range Prepayment Notice.

Discount Range Prepayment Response Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(1).

 

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Discount Range Proration” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(3).

Discounted Prepayment Determination Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(3).

Discounted Prepayment Effective Date” means in the case of a Borrower Offer of Specified Discount Prepayment or Borrower Solicitation of Discount Range Prepayment Offer, five (5) Business Days following the receipt by each relevant Term Lender of notice from the Auction Agent in accordance with Section 2.11(a)(ii)(B), Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C) or Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D), as applicable unless a shorter period is agreed to between the Borrower and the Auction Agent.

Discounted Term Loan Prepayment” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(A).

Dispose” and “Disposition” each has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.05.

Disposed EBITDA” means, with respect to any Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary for any period through (but not after) the date of such disposition, the amount for such period of Consolidated EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary (determined as if references to the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the definition of the term “Consolidated EBITDA” (and in the component financial definitions used therein) were references to such Sold Entity or Business and its subsidiaries or to such Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary and its subsidiaries), all as determined on a consolidated basis for such Sold Entity or Business or Converted Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Disqualified Equity Interest” means, with respect to any Person, any Equity Interest in such Person that by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable, either mandatorily or at the option of the holder thereof), or upon the happening of any event or condition:

(a) matures or is mandatorily redeemable (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests), whether pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise;

(b) is convertible or exchangeable, either mandatorily or at the option of the holder thereof, for Indebtedness or Equity Interests (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests); or

(c) is redeemable (other than solely for Equity Interests in such Person that do not constitute Disqualified Equity Interests and cash in lieu of fractional shares of such Equity Interests) or is required to be repurchased by such Person or any of its Affiliates, in whole or in part, at the option of the holder thereof;

in each case, on or prior to the date ninety-one (91) days after the Latest Maturity Date; provided, however, that (i) an Equity Interest in any Person that would not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest but for terms thereof giving holders thereof the right to require such Person to redeem or purchase such Equity Interest upon the occurrence of an “asset sale” or a “change of control” or similar event shall not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest if any such requirement becomes operative only after the Termination Date and (ii) if an Equity Interest in any Person is issued pursuant to any plan for the benefit of employees of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any of its Subsidiaries or by any such plan to such employees, such Equity Interest shall not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest solely because it may be required to be repurchased by Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent company thereof) or any of its Subsidiaries in order to satisfy applicable statutory or regulatory obligations of such Person.

Disqualified Lenders” means (i) those Persons identified by the Borrower to the First Lien Administrative Agent in writing prior to November 21, 2019 as being “Disqualified Lenders”, (ii) those Persons who are competitors of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (other than any bona fide diversified debt investment fund) and are identified by the Sponsor or the Borrower to the First Lien Administrative Agent from time to time in writing which designation shall become effective two (2) Business Days after delivery of each such written designation to the

 

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First Lien Administrative Agent, but which shall not apply retroactively to disqualify any Persons that previously acquired an assignment or participation interest in any Loan prior to such second Business Day after such written designation, (iii) Excluded Affiliates, (iv) in the case of each Person identified pursuant to clauses (i) or (ii) above, any of their Affiliates that are either (x) identified in writing by the Sponsor or the Borrower to the First Lien Administrative Agent from time to time or (y) known or reasonably identifiable as an Affiliate of any such Person and (v) any Lender that has made an incorrect representation or warranty or deemed representation or warranty with respect to not being a Net Short Lender, in each case as provided in the final sentence of Section 9.02(h). Upon inquiry by any Lender to the First Lien Administrative Agent as to whether a specified potential assignee or prospective participant is a Disqualified Lender, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be permitted to disclose to such Lender (x) whether such specific potential assignee or prospective participant is a Disqualified Lender or (y) the identity of any other Disqualified Lender which the First Lien Administrative Agent reasonably believes may be an Affiliate of such specified potential assignee or prospective participant.

Dollar Amount” means, at any time:

(a) with respect to an amount denominated in Dollars, such amount;

(b) with respect to any amount denominated in a currency other than Dollars, where a determination of such amount is required to be made under any First Lien Loan Document by the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Issuing Bank, the equivalent amount thereof in Dollars as determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, at such time on the basis of the Spot Rate (determined in respect of the most recent LC Revaluation Date or other applicable date of determination) for the purchase of Dollars with such Alternative Currency; and

(c) with respect to any amount denominated in a currency other than Dollars, where a determination of such amount is required to be made under any First Lien Loan Document by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, the equivalent amount thereof in Dollars as determined on the basis of the Average Exchange Rate for such currency.

Dollars” or “$” refers to lawful money of the United States of America.

Domestic Foreign Holdco” means any Subsidiary substantially all of whose assets (directly and/or indirectly through one or more Subsidiaries) are capital stock (and, if applicable, debt) of one or more Subsidiaries that are CFCs.

ECF Percentage” means, with respect to the prepayment required by Section 2.11(d) with respect to any fiscal year of the Borrower, if the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (prior to giving effect to the applicable prepayment pursuant to Section 2.11(d), but after giving effect to any voluntary prepayments made pursuant to Section 2.11(a) or otherwise in manner not prohibited by Section 9.04(g) prior to the date of such prepayment) as of the end of such fiscal year is (a) greater than 5.00 to 1.00, 50% of Excess Cash Flow for such fiscal year, (b) greater than 4.50 to 1.00 but less than or equal to 5.00 to 1.00, 25% of Excess Cash Flow for such fiscal year and (c) less than or equal to 4.50 to 1.00, 0% of Excess Cash Flow for such fiscal year.

EEA Financial Institution” shall mean (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.

EEA Member Country” shall mean any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and the United Kingdom.

EEA Resolution Authority” shall mean any public administrative authority or any person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.

 

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Effective Date” means December 13, 2019.

Effective Yield” means, as to any Indebtedness, the effective yield on such Indebtedness in the reasonable determination of the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower and consistent with generally accepted financial practices, taking into account the applicable interest rate margins, any interest rate floors (the effect of which floors shall be determined in a manner set forth in the proviso below) or similar devices and all fees, including upfront or similar fees or original issue discount paid with respect to the initial incurrence of any Class of Loans or series of Indebtedness, as applicable (amortized over the shorter of (a) the remaining Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such Indebtedness and (b) the four years following the date of incurrence thereof) payable generally to lenders or other institutions providing such Indebtedness, but excluding any arrangement, syndication, commitment, prepayment, structuring, ticking or other similar fees payable in connection therewith that are not generally shared with the relevant Lenders and, if applicable, consent fees for an amendment paid generally to consenting Lenders and, solely for purposes of determining the effective yield for purposes of Section 2.11(a)(i), any original issue discount, upfront fees or other fees payable in connection with the Initial Term Loans issued on the Effective Date; provided that with respect to any Indebtedness that includes a “LIBOR floor” or “Base Rate floor,” (i) to the extent that the LIBO Rate or Alternate Base Rate (without giving effect to any floors in such definitions), as applicable, on the date that the Effective Yield is being calculated is less than such floor, the amount of such difference shall be deemed added to the interest rate margin for such Indebtedness for the purpose of calculating the Effective Yield and (ii) to the extent that the LIBO Rate or Alternate Base Rate (without giving effect to any floors in such definitions), as applicable, on the date that the Effective Yield is being calculated is greater than such floor, then the floor shall be disregarded in calculating the Effective Yield.

Eligible Assignee” means (a) a Lender, (b) an Affiliate of a Lender, (c) an Approved Fund and (d) any other Person (other than Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Affiliates), other than, in each case, (i) a natural person, (ii) a Defaulting Lender or (iii) a Disqualified Lender. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Loan Party and the Lenders acknowledge and agree that the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have no responsibility or liability for monitoring or enforcing the list of Disqualified Lenders or for any assignment made to a Disqualified Lender unless (i) (A) such assignment resulted from the First Lien Administrative Agent’s gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment) or (B) such assignment resulted from a material breach of the First Lien Loan Documents by the First Lien Administrative Agent (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment) and (ii) the Borrower has not consented to such assignment or is not deemed to have consented to such assignment to the extent required by Section 9.04(b).

EMU Legislation” means the legislative measures of the European Council for the introduction of, changeover to or operation of a single or unified European currency.

Environmental Laws” means all applicable treaties, rules, regulations, codes, ordinances, judgments, orders, decrees and other applicable Requirements of Law, and all applicable injunctions or binding agreements issued, promulgated or entered into by or with any Governmental Authority, in each instance relating to the protection of the environment, to preservation or reclamation of natural resources, to Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Material or to the extent relating to exposure to Hazardous Materials, to health or safety matters.

Environmental Liability” means any liability, obligation, loss, claim, action, order or cost, contingent or otherwise (including any liability for damages, costs of medical monitoring, costs of environmental remediation or restoration, administrative oversight costs, consultants’ fees, fines, penalties and indemnities) directly or indirectly resulting from or based upon (a) any actual or alleged violation of any Environmental Law or permit, license or approval issued thereunder, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, or treatment of any Hazardous Materials, (c) exposure to any Hazardous Materials, (d) the Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Materials or (e) any contract, agreement or other consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.

Equity Interests” means shares of capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests in a limited liability company, beneficial interests in a trust or other equity ownership interests in a Person.

 

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ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.

ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that, together with any Loan Party, is treated as a single employer under Section 414(b) or 414(c) of the Code or, solely for purposes of Section 302 of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code, is treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code.

ERISA Event” means (a) any “reportable event,” as defined in Section 4043(c) of ERISA or the regulations issued thereunder with respect to a Plan (other than an event for which the 30-day notice period is waived); (b) any failure by any Plan to satisfy the minimum funding standard (within the meaning of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA) applicable to such Plan, in each case whether or not waived; (c) the filing pursuant to Section 412(c) of the Code or Section 302(c) of ERISA, of an application for a waiver of the minimum funding standard with respect to any Plan; (d) a determination that any Plan is, or is expected to be, in “at-risk” status (as defined in Section 303(i)(4) of ERISA or Section 430(i)(4) of the Code); (e) the incurrence by a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability under Title IV of ERISA (other than premiums due and not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA) with respect to the termination of any Plan or by application of Section 4069 of ERISA with respect to any terminated plan; (f) the receipt by a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate from the PBGC or a plan administrator of any notice to terminate any Plan or Plans or to appoint a trustee to administer any Plan, or to terminate or to appoint a trustee to administer any plan or plans in respect of which such Loan Party or ERISA Affiliate would be deemed to be an employer under Section 4069 of ERISA; (g) the incurrence by a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability with respect to the withdrawal or partial withdrawal from any Multiemployer Plan; (h) the receipt by a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, or the receipt by any Multiemployer Plan from a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, concerning the imposition of Withdrawal Liability, or the failure of a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate to pay when due, after the expiration of any applicable grace period, any installment payment with respect to any Withdrawal Liability; or (i) the withdrawal of a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate from a Plan subject to Section 4063 of ERISA during a plan year in which such entity was a “substantial employer” as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA or a cessation of operations that is treated as such a withdrawal under Section 4062(e) of ERISA.

EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule” shall mean the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor person), as in effect from time to time.

EURIBOR” means, for any Interest Period with respect to a Eurodollar Borrowing denominated in Euros, the rate per annum equal to (i) the Euro interbank offered rate administered by the Banking Federation of the European Union (or such other commercially available source providing quotations of that rate as may be designated by the First Lien Administrative Agent from time to time, including any Person that takes over administration of the rate) as published by Reuters (or such other information service which publishes that rate from time to time in place of Reuters), on Reuters Page EURIBOR01 (or any replacement Reuters page that displays that rate) at approximately 11:00 a.m., Brussels time, two TARGET Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period, for Euro deposits (for delivery on the first day of such Interest Period) with a term equivalent to such Interest Period or (ii) if such published rate is not available at such time for any reason, then the “EURIBOR” for such Interest Period shall be the Interpolated Rate.

Euro” means the lawful single currency of the European Union.

Eurodollar” when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are bearing interest at a rate determined by reference to (i) the Adjusted LIBO Rate (in the case of Loans denominated in Dollars or any Alternative Currency other than Canadian Dollars and Euros), (ii) the Adjusted BA Rate (in the case of Revolving Loans denominated in Canadian Dollars) or (iii) Adjusted EURIBOR (in the case of Revolving Loans denominated in Euros).

Event of Default” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 7.01.

 

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Excess Cash Flow” means, for any period, an amount equal to the excess of:

(a) the sum, without duplication, of:

(i) Consolidated Net Income for such period,

(ii) an amount equal to the amount of all Non-Cash Charges to the extent deducted in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income,

(iii) decreases in Consolidated Working Capital and long-term account receivables for such period (other than decreases relating to Dispositions permitted pursuant to Section 6.05(h) or Section 6.05(o)), and

(iv) an amount equal to the aggregate net non-cash loss on dispositions by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period (other than dispositions in the ordinary course of business) to the extent deducted in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income, less:

(b) the sum, without duplication, of:

(i) an amount equal to the amount of all non-cash credits included in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income (including any amounts included in Consolidated Net Income of proceeds received or due from business interruption insurance or reimbursement of expenses and charges that are covered by indemnification and other reimbursement provisions in connection with any acquisition or other Investment or any disposition of any asset permitted under this Agreement to the extent such amounts are due but not received during such period) and cash charges included in clauses (a) through (j) of the definition of “Consolidated Net Income” (other than cash charges in respect of Transaction Costs paid on or about the Effective Date to the extent financed with the proceeds of Indebtedness incurred on the Effective Date or an equity investment on the Effective Date),

(ii) the aggregate amount of all principal payments of Indebtedness (including (1) the principal component of payments in respect of Capitalized Leases and (2) the amount of any mandatory prepayment of Loans to the extent required due to a Disposition that resulted in an increase to Consolidated Net Income and not in excess of the amount of such increase, but excluding all other prepayments of Term Loans or other Senior Secured First Lien Indebtedness and all prepayments of revolving loans and swingline loans (including Revolving Loans (except to the extent the prepayment thereof reduces the Borrower’s prepayment obligation pursuant to clause (i) of the proviso to the first sentence of Section 2.11(d)) and Swingline Loans)) made during such period, other than (A) in respect of any revolving credit facility or swingline facility except to the extent there is an equivalent permanent reduction in commitments thereunder and (B) to the extent financed with the proceeds of other Indebtedness of the Borrower or its Restricted Subsidiaries,

(iii) an amount equal to the aggregate net non-cash gain on dispositions by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period (other than dispositions in the ordinary course of business) to the extent included in arriving at such Consolidated Net Income,

(iv) increases in Consolidated Working Capital and long-term account receivables for such period,

(v) cash payments by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period in respect of long-term liabilities of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries other than Indebtedness,

(vi) the aggregate amount of payments and expenditures actually made by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries in cash during such period (including expenditures for the payment of financing fees) to the extent that such payments and expenditures are not expensed during such period,

 

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(vii) cash payments by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period in respect of Non-Cash Charges included in the calculation of Consolidated Net Income in any prior period,

(viii) the aggregate amount of any premium, make-whole or penalty payments actually paid in cash by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period that are required to be made in connection with any prepayment of Indebtedness, and

(ix) the amount of taxes (including penalties and interest) paid in cash and/or tax reserves set aside or payable (without duplication) in such period to the extent they exceed the amount of tax expense deducted in determining Consolidated Net Income for such period.

Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time.

Excluded Affiliates” means any employees of any Affiliate of any Joint Lead Arranger that are engaged as principals primarily in private equity, mezzanine financing or venture capital transactions (other than (x) such employees engaged by the Borrower (or its Affiliates) as part of the Transactions, (y) such senior employees who are required, in accordance with industry regulations or such Joint Lead Arranger’s (or its Affiliate’s) internal policies and procedures, to act in a supervisory capacity or (z) such Joint Lead Arranger’s (or its Affiliate’s) internal legal, compliance, risk management, credit or investment committee members).

Excluded Assets” means (a) any fee-owned real property that is not Material Real Property and all leasehold (including ground lease) interests in real property (including requirements to deliver landlord lien waivers, estoppels and collateral access letters), (b) motor vehicles and other assets subject to certificates of title or ownership, (c) Letter of Credit rights (except to the extent constituting supporting obligations (as defined under the UCC) in which a security interest can be perfected with the filing of a UCC-1 financing statement), (d) Commercial Tort Claims with a value of less than $20,000,000 and commercial tort claims for which no complaint or counterclaim has been filed in a court of competent jurisdiction, (e) Excluded Equity Interests, (f) any lease, contract, license, sublicense, other agreement or document, government approval or franchise with any Person if, to the extent and for so long as, the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Secured Obligations would require the consent of a third party (unless such consent has been received), violates or invalidates, constitutes a breach of or a default under, or creates a right of termination in favor of any other party thereto (other than any Loan Party) to, such lease, contract, license, sublicense, other agreement or document, government approval or franchise (but only to the extent any of the foregoing is not rendered ineffective by, or is otherwise unenforceable under, the Uniform Commercial Code, or any other applicable Requirements of Law), (g) any asset subject to a Lien of the type permitted by Section 6.02(iv) (whether or not incurred pursuant to such Section) or a Lien permitted by Section 6.02(xi), in each case if, to the extent and for so long as the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Secured Obligations constitutes a breach of or a default under, or creates a right of termination in favor of any party (other than any Loan Party) to, any agreement pursuant to which such Lien has been created (but only to the extent any of the foregoing is not rendered ineffective by, or is otherwise unenforceable under, the Uniform Commercial Code, or any other applicable Requirements of Law), (h) any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act and any other Intellectual Property in any jurisdiction where the grant of a Lien thereon would cause the invalidation or abandonment of such Intellectual Property under applicable law, (i) any asset if, to the extent and for so long as the grant of a Lien thereon to secure the Secured Obligations is prohibited by any Requirements of Law, rule or regulation, contractual obligation existing on the Effective Date (or, if later, the date of acquisition of such asset, or the date a Person that owns such assets becomes a Loan Guarantor, so long as any such prohibition is not created in contemplation of such acquisition or of such Person becoming a Loan Guarantor) or any permitted agreement with any Governmental Authority binding on such asset (in each case, other than to the extent that any such prohibition would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the UCC or any other applicable Requirements of Law) or (ii)

 

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would require the consent, approval, license or authorization from any Governmental Authority or regulatory authority, unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been received (other than to the extent that any such requirement would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the UCC or any other applicable Requirements of Law) (j) margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors, as in effect from time to time) and pledges and security interests prohibited by applicable law, rule or regulation or agreements with any Governmental Authority, (k) Securitization Assets, (l) any Deposit Account (as defined in the First Lien Collateral Agreement) or Securities Account (as defined in the Collateral Agreement) that is used as a pension fund, escrow (including, without limitation, any escrow accounts for the benefit of customers), trust, or similar account, in each case, for the benefit of third parties, (m) assets to the extent a security interest in such assets would result in an investment in “United States property” by a CFC or would otherwise result in a material adverse tax consequence, as reasonably determined by the Borrower in consultation with the First Lien Administrative Agent (it being understood that no more than 65% of the voting equity interests of any foreign Subsidiary that is a CFC and that is owned directly by the Borrower or a Loan Guarantor shall be included in the Collateral) and (n) any assets with respect to which, in the reasonable judgment of the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower (as agreed to in writing), the cost, burden, difficulty or other consequences (including adverse tax consequences) of pledging such assets or perfecting a security interest therein shall be excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Lenders therefrom.

Excluded Equity Interests” means Equity Interests in any (a) Unrestricted Subsidiary, (b) Immaterial Subsidiary, (c) Subsidiary organized under the laws of a jurisdiction that is not a Covered Jurisdiction (except that up to 65% of the voting equity interests of any foreign Subsidiary that is a CFC and that is owned directly by the Borrower or a Loan Guarantor shall not be Excluded Equity Interests), (d) any Equity Interests to the extent the pledge thereof would be prohibited or limited by any applicable Requirement of Law existing on the date hereof or on the date such Equity Interests are acquired by the Borrower or any other Grantor (as defined in the First Lien Collateral Agreement) or on the date the issuer of such Equity Interests is created other than to the extent that any such prohibition would be rendered ineffective pursuant to the applicable anti-assignment provisions in the Uniform Commercial Code of any applicable jurisdiction, (e) Subsidiary (other than any Loan Guarantor) to the extent the pledge thereof to the First Lien Administrative Agent is not permitted by the terms of such Subsidiary’s organizational (except in the case of any Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Holdings) or joint venture documents, in each case, after giving effect to the applicable anti-assignment provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code and (f) not-for-profit Subsidiary, captive insurance company or special purpose securitization vehicle (or similar entity), including any Securitization Subsidiary.

Excluded Information” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(A).

Excluded Subsidiary” means (a) any Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Holdings, (b) each Subsidiary listed on Schedule 1.01, (c) any Subsidiary that is prohibited by applicable law, rule or regulation or contractual obligation existing on the Effective Date or, if later, the date such Subsidiary first becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, from guaranteeing the Secured Obligations or which would require any governmental or regulatory consent, approval, license or authorization to do so, unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been obtained, (d) any Immaterial Subsidiary, (e) any direct or indirect Subsidiary with respect to which, in the reasonable judgment of the Administrative Agent and the Borrower (as agreed in writing), the cost or other consequences (including any adverse tax consequences) of providing a Guarantee under the First Lien Guarantee Agreement shall be excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Lenders therefrom, (f) any Subsidiary that is (or, if it were a Loan Party, would be) an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (g) any not-for profit Subsidiaries, captive insurance companies or other special purpose subsidiaries, (h) any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than any Covered Jurisdiction, (i) any subsidiary whose provision of a Guarantee would constitute an investment in “United States property” by a CFC or otherwise result in a material adverse tax consequence to the Borrower or one of its subsidiaries (or, if applicable, the common parent of the Borrower’s consolidated group for applicable income tax purposes) as reasonably determined by the Borrower in consultation with the First Lien Administrative Agent, (j)(i) any direct or indirect subsidiary of a CFC and (ii) any Domestic Foreign Holdco, (k) any special purpose securitization vehicle (or similar entity), including any Securitization Subsidiary, (l) each Unrestricted Subsidiary and (m) any Subsidiary (other than the Subsidiary Loan Parties on the Effective Date) for which the providing of a Guarantee could reasonably be expected to result in any violation or breach of, or conflict with, fiduciary duties of such Subsidiary’s officers, directors or managers and (n) any Restricted Subsidiary acquired pursuant to a Permitted Acquisition (or other Investment not prohibited by this Agreement) financed with Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01 hereof as assumed Indebtedness and any

 

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Restricted Subsidiary thereof that Guarantees such Indebtedness, in each case to the extent such Indebtedness prohibits such Subsidiary from becoming a Loan Guarantor (so long as such prohibition did not arise in connection with such Permitted Acquisition (or such other Investment not prohibited by this Agreement) or such assumption of Indebtedness); provided that any Immaterial Subsidiary that is a signatory to any First Lien Collateral Agreement or the First Lien Guarantee Agreement shall be deemed not to be an Excluded Subsidiary for purposes of this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents unless the Borrower has otherwise notified the First Lien Administrative Agent; provided further that the Borrower may at any time and in its sole discretion, upon notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent, deem that any Restricted Subsidiary shall not be an Excluded Subsidiary for purposes of this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents.

Excluded Swap Obligation” means, with respect to any Loan Guarantor at any time, any Secured Swap Obligation under any agreement, contract or transaction that constitutes a “swap” within the meaning of Section 1a(47) of the Commodity Exchange Act, if, and to the extent that, all or a portion of the guarantee of such Loan Guarantor of, or the grant by such Loan Guarantor of a security interest to secure, such Secured Swap Obligation (or any guarantee thereof) is or becomes illegal under the Commodity Exchange Act or any rule, regulation or order of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (or the application or official interpretation of any thereof) by virtue of such Loan Guarantor’s failure for any reason to constitute an “eligible contract participant,” as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act (determined after giving effect to any “Keepwell”, support or other agreement for the benefit of such Loan Guarantor, at the time such guarantee or grant of a security interest becomes effective with respect to such related Secured Swap Obligation). If a Secured Swap Obligation arises under a master agreement governing more than one swap, such exclusion shall apply only to the portion of such Secured Swap Obligation that is attributable to swaps that are or would be rendered illegal due to such guarantee or security interest.

Excluded Taxes” means, with respect to the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Lender, any Issuing Bank or any other recipient of any payment to be made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party hereunder or under any other First Lien Loan Document, (a) Taxes imposed on (or measured by) such recipient’s net income (however denominated) and franchise Taxes imposed on it (in lieu of net income Taxes) by a jurisdiction (i) as a result of such recipient being organized or having its principal office or, in the case of any Lender, its applicable lending office in such jurisdiction (or any political subdivision thereof), or (ii) as a result of any other present or former connection between such recipient and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof) (other than a connection arising solely from such recipient having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations or received payments under, received or perfected a security interest under or enforced any First Lien Loan Documents or engaged in any other transaction pursuant to any First Lien Loan Documents or sold or assigned an interest in any First Lien Loan Documents), (b) any branch profits tax imposed under Section 884(a) of the Code, or any similar Tax, imposed by any jurisdiction described in clause (a) above, (c) any withholding Tax imposed pursuant to FATCA, (d) any withholding Tax that is attributable to a Lender’s failure to comply with Section 2.17(f) and (e) except in the case of an assignee pursuant to a request by the Borrower under Section 2.19 hereto, any U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed on amounts payable to a Lender pursuant to a Requirement of Law in effect at the time such Lender becomes a party hereto (or designates a new lending office), except to the extent that such Lender (or its assignor, if any) was entitled, immediately prior to the time of designation of a new lending office (or assignment), to receive additional amounts with respect to such withholding Tax under Section 2.17(a).

Existing Letters of Credit” means each of the letters of credit described by customer, letter of credit number, outstanding amount, and expiration date on Schedule 2.05 hereto.

Existing Notes” means the PIK Toggle Notes and the Senior Notes.

Fair Market Value” or “fair market value” means, with respect to any asset or group of assets on any date of determination, the value of the consideration obtainable in a sale of such asset at such date of determination assuming a sale by a willing seller to a willing purchaser dealing at arm’s length and arranged in an orderly manner over a reasonable period of time taking into account the nature and characteristics of such asset(which determination shall be conclusive), it being agreed that with respect to real property, in no event will any Loan Party be required to obtain independent appraisals or other third party valuations to establish such Fair Market Value unless required by FIRREA.

 

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FATCA” means Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable thereto and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future Treasury regulations thereunder or other official administrative interpretations thereof, any agreements entered into pursuant to current Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version described above) and any fiscal or regulatory legislation, rules or practices adopted pursuant to any intergovernmental agreement, treaty or convention among Governmental Authorities and implementing such Sections of the Code.

FCPA” has the meaning specified in Section 3.17(b).

Federal Funds Effective Rate” means, for any day, the weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System, as published on the next succeeding Business Day by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Financial Officer” means the chief financial officer, principal accounting officer, treasurer or corporate controller of Holdings or the Borrower, as applicable.

Financial Performance Covenant” means the covenant set forth in Section 6.11.

FIRREA” means the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, as amended.

First Lien Administrative Agent” means Jefferies Finance LLC, in its capacity as first lien administrative agent hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents, and its successors in such capacity as provided in Article VIII.

First Lien Administrative Agents Office” means the First Lien Administrative Agent’s address and, as appropriate, account as set forth on Schedule 9.01, or such other address or account as the First Lien Administrative Agent may from time to time notify the Borrower and the Lenders.

First Lien Collateral Agent” has the meaning given to such term in Section 8.01(b) and its successors in such capacity as provided in Article VIII.

First Lien Collateral Agreement” means the First Lien Collateral Agreement among the Loan Parties party thereto and the First Lien Collateral Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit D.

First Lien Financing Transactions” means (a) the execution, delivery and performance by each Loan Party of the First Lien Loan Documents to which it is to be a party, (b) the borrowing of Loans hereunder and the use of the proceeds thereof and (c) the issuance, amendment or extension of Letters of Credit hereunder and the use of proceeds thereof.

First Lien Guarantee Agreement” means the First Lien Guarantee Agreement among the Loan Parties and the First Lien Collateral Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit B.

First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.01(a)(xx).

First Lien Incremental Facilities” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.20(a).

First Lien Incremental Term Facility” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.20(a).

First Lien Incremental Term Increase” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.20(a).

First Lien Incremental Term Loan” means any Term Loan provided under any First Lien Incremental Facility.

 

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First Lien Loan Document Obligations” means (a) the due and punctual payment by the Borrower of (i) the principal of the Loans and LC Disbursements, and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon at the applicable rate or rates provided in this Agreement (including interest accruing during the pendency of any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar proceeding, regardless of whether allowed or allowable in such proceeding), when and as due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, upon one or more dates set for prepayment or otherwise and (ii) all other monetary obligations of the Borrower under or pursuant to this Agreement and each of the other First Lien Loan Documents, including obligations to pay fees, expenses, reimbursement obligations and indemnification obligations and obligations to provide cash collateral, whether primary, secondary, direct, contingent, fixed or otherwise (including interest and monetary obligations incurred during the pendency of any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar proceeding, regardless of whether allowed or allowable in such proceeding), (b) the due and punctual payment and performance of all other obligations of the Borrower under or pursuant to each of the First Lien Loan Documents and (c) the due and punctual payment and performance of all the obligations of each other Loan Party under or pursuant to this Agreement and each of the other First Lien Loan Documents (including interest and monetary obligations incurred during the pendency of any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar proceeding, regardless of whether allowed or allowable in such proceeding).

First Lien Loan Documents” means this Agreement, any Refinancing Amendment, any Loan Modification Agreement, any Incremental Facility Amendment, the First Lien Guarantee Agreement, the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the other Security Documents, any Customary Intercreditor Agreement and any Note delivered pursuant to Section 2.09(e).

First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement” means the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit E-1 among the First Lien Administrative Agent and one or more Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Agreement to be secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis, with such modifications thereto as the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower may reasonably agree.

First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement” means the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit E-2 among the First Lien Administrative Agent and one or more Senior Representatives for holders of Indebtedness permitted by this Agreement to be secured by the Collateral. On the Effective Date, the First Lien Administrative Agent entered into a First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement with the Second Lien Trustee and the other parties party thereto.

Fixed Amounts” has the meaning assigned to such term in 1.07.(b).

Flood Insurance Laws” means, collectively, (i) the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (ii) the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (iii) the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto, (iv) the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto and (v) the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 as now or hereafter in effect or any successor statute thereto.

Foreign Lender” means a Lender that is not a United States Person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code).

Form Intercreditor Agreements” means (a) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, (b) an intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or (c) an Intercreditor agreement substantially in the form of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement, as applicable.

Funded Debt” means all Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries for borrowed money that matures more than one year from the date of its creation or matures within one year from such date that is renewable or extendable, at the option of such Person, to a date more than one year from such date or arises under a revolving credit or similar agreement that obligates the lender or lenders to extend credit during a period of more than one year from such date, including Indebtedness in respect of the Loans.

 

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GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, as in effect from time to time; provided, however, that if the Borrower notifies the First Lien Administrative Agent that the Borrower requests an amendment to any provision hereof to eliminate the effect of any change occurring after the Effective Date in GAAP or in the application thereof on the operation of such provision (or if the First Lien Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower that the Required Lenders request an amendment to any provision hereof for such purpose), regardless of whether any such notice is given before or after such change in GAAP or in the application thereof, then such provision shall be interpreted on the basis of GAAP as in effect and applied immediately before such change shall have become effective until such notice shall have been withdrawn or such provision amended in accordance herewith. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, (a) all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made, without giving effect to any election under FASB Accounting Standards Codification 825-Financial Instruments, or any successor thereto (including pursuant to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification), to value any Indebtedness of any subsidiary at “fair value,” as defined therein and (b) the amount of any Indebtedness under GAAP with respect to Capital Lease Obligations shall be determined in accordance with the definition of Capital Lease Obligations.

General Restricted Payment Reallocated Amount” means any amount that, at the option of Holdings or the Borrower, has been reallocated from Section 6.07(a)(viii) to clause (C) of the proviso in Section 6.04(m), which shall be deemed to be a utilization of the basket set forth in Section 6.07(a)(viii).

Governmental Approvals” means all authorizations, consents, approvals, permits, licenses and exemptions of, registrations and filings with, and reports to, Governmental Authorities.

Governmental Authority” means the government of the United States of America, any other nation or any political subdivision thereof, whether federal, state, provincial, territorial, local or otherwise, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).

Guarantee” of or by any Person (the “guarantor”) means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of the guarantor guaranteeing or having the economic effect of guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including any obligation of the guarantor, direct or indirect, (a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or to purchase (or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any security for the payment thereof, (b) to purchase or lease property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the owner of such Indebtedness of the payment thereof, (c) to maintain working capital, equity capital or any other financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary obligor so as to enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness or (d) as an account party in respect of any letter of credit or letter of guaranty issued to support such Indebtedness; provided that the term Guarantee shall not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business or customary and reasonable indemnity obligations in effect on the Effective Date or entered into in connection with any acquisition or disposition of assets permitted under this Agreement (other than such obligations with respect to Indebtedness). The amount of any Guarantee shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the related primary obligation, or portion thereof, in respect of which such Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer. The term “Guarantee” as a verb has a corresponding meaning.

Hazardous Materials” means all explosive, radioactive, hazardous or toxic substances, wastes or other pollutants, including petroleum or petroleum by-products or distillates, asbestos or asbestos-containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, radon gas, infectious or medical wastes and all other hazardous or toxic substances, wastes, chemicals, pollutants, contaminants of any nature and in any form regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law.

Holdings” means (a) prior to any IPO, Initial Holdings and (b) upon and after an IPO, (i) if the IPO Entity is Initial Holdings or any Person of which Initial Holdings is a Subsidiary, Initial Holdings or (ii) if the IPO Entity is an Intermediate Parent, the IPO Entity.

 

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ICE LIBOR” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Alternate Base Rate.”

Identified Participating Lenders” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(3).

Identified Qualifying Lenders” has the meaning specified in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(3).

Immaterial Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary other than a Material Subsidiary.

Impacted Loans” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.14(b).

Incremental Cap” means, as of any date of determination, the sum of (I)(a) the greater of (i) $288,000,000 and (ii) 75% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such date, calculated on a Pro Forma Basis; plus (b) the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of all First Lien Term Loans, First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or any other Indebtedness secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with, or senior to, the Secured Obligations voluntarily prepaid (including purchases and redemptions of the Loans, First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or any other Indebtedness secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with, or senior to, the Secured Obligations by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (to the extent retired) at or below par, in which case the amount of voluntary prepayments of Loans shall be deemed to be the amount paid in cash, and with respect to any reduction in the outstanding amount of any loan resulting from the application of any “yank-a-bank” provisions, the amount paid in cash), (ii) the aggregate amount of all First Lien Term Loans repurchased and prepaid pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii) or otherwise in a manner not prohibited by Section 9.04(g) and (iii) all reductions of Revolving Commitments (and, in the case of any revolving loans, a corresponding commitment reduction), in each case prior to such date (other than, in each case, prepayments, repurchases and commitment reductions with the proceeds of the incurrence of Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness or other long-term Indebtedness), minus (c) (i) the amount of all First Lien Incremental Facilities and all First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt incurred in reliance on the foregoing clauses (a) and/or (b) and (ii) the amount of all Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt incurred in reliance on the foregoing clauses (a) and/or (b) plus (II) (a) in the case of any First Lien Incremental Facilities or First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Secured Obligations, the maximum aggregate principal amount that can be incurred without causing the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, after giving effect to the incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof, on a Pro Forma Basis, to exceed 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period; (b) in the case of any Incremental Facilities or Incremental Equivalent Debt secured by the Collateral on a junior basis with the Secured Obligations, the maximum aggregate principal amount that can be incurred without causing the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio to exceed 7.50 to 1.00, on a Pro Forma Basis for the most recently ended Test Period; and (c) in the case of any Incremental Facilities or Incremental Equivalent Debt that is unsecured, the Total Net Leverage Ratio, after giving effect to the incurrence of such unsecured Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof, shall not, on a Pro Forma Basis, exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period. Any ratio calculated for purposes of determining the “Incremental Cap” shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis after giving effect to the incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt and the use of proceeds thereof (assuming that the full amount of any Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase and Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments being established at such time is fully drawn and deducting in calculating the numerator of any leverage ratio the cash proceeds thereof to the extent such proceeds are not promptly applied, but without giving effect to any simultaneous incurrence of any Incremental Facility or Incremental Equivalent Debt made pursuant to clause (I) above) for the most recent Test Period ended and subject to Section 1.06 to the extent applicable. Loans may be incurred under both clauses (I) and (II), and proceeds from any such incurrence may be utilized in a single transaction by first calculating the incurrence under clause (II) above and then calculating the incurrence under clause (I) above (if any) (and vice versa) (and if both clauses (I) and (II) are available and the Borrower does not make an election, the Borrower will be deemed to have elected clause (II)); provided that any such Indebtedness originally incurred in reliance on clause (I) above shall cease to be deemed outstanding under clause (I) and shall instead be deemed to be outstanding pursuant to clause (II) above from and after the first date on which the Borrower could have incurred the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness in reliance on clause (II) above.

Incremental Equivalent Debt” means First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt and/or Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt.

 

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Incremental Facility Amendment” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.20(d).

Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.20(a).

Incurrence Based Amounts” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.07(b).

Indebtedness” of any Person means, without duplication, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property acquired by such Person, (d) all obligations of such Person in respect of the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding (x) trade accounts payable in the ordinary course of business, (y) any earn-out obligation until such obligation becomes a liability on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP and if not paid after being due and payable and (z) taxes and other accrued expenses accrued in the ordinary course of business), (e) all Indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on property owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the Indebtedness secured thereby has been assumed, (f) all Guarantees by such Person of Indebtedness of others, (g) all Capital Lease Obligations of such Person, (h) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person as an account party in respect of letters of credit and letters of guaranty and (i) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person in respect of bankers’ acceptances; provided that the term “Indebtedness” shall not include (i) deferred or prepaid revenue, (ii) purchase price holdbacks in respect of a portion of the purchase price of an asset to satisfy warranty, indemnity or other unperformed obligations of the seller, (iii) any obligations attributable to the exercise of appraisal rights and the settlement of any claims or actions (whether actual, contingent or potential) with respect thereto, (iv) Indebtedness of any Person that is a direct or indirect parent of Holdings appearing on the balance sheet of Holdings or the Borrower, or solely by reason of push down accounting under GAAP, (v) for the avoidance of doubt, any Qualified Equity Interests issued by Holdings or the Borrower and (vi) any earn-out, take-or-pay or similar obligation to the extent such obligation is not shown as a liability on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP and is not paid after becoming due and payable. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other relationship with such entity, except to the extent the terms of such Indebtedness provide that such Person is not liable therefor. The amount of Indebtedness of any Person for purposes of clause (e) above shall (unless such Indebtedness has been assumed by such Person) be deemed to be equal to the lesser of (A) the aggregate unpaid amount of such Indebtedness and (B) the Fair Market Value of the property encumbered thereby as determined by such Person in good faith. For all purposes hereof, the Indebtedness of the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries shall exclude intercompany liabilities arising from their cash management, tax, and accounting operations and intercompany loans, advances or Indebtedness having a term not exceeding 364 days (inclusive of any rollover or extensions of terms) and made in the ordinary course of business.

Indemnified Taxes” means all Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes and Other Taxes, in each case, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any First Lien Loan Document.

Indemnitee” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.03(b).

Information” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.12(a).

Initial Holdings” has the meaning given to such term in the preliminary statements hereto.

Initial Term Loans” means the Loans made pursuant to Section 2.01(a) on the Effective Date.

Intellectual Property” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Collateral Agreement.

Intellectual Property Security Agreements” means, collectively, the First Lien Trademark Security Agreement, the First Lien Patent Security Agreement and the First Lien Copyright Security Agreement, in each case which has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

 

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Intercreditor Agreement” means the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and the ABL Intercreditor Agreement.

Interest Coverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such date to (b) Consolidated Interest Expense for the most recently ended Test Period as of such date.

Interest Election Request” means a request by the Borrower to convert or continue a Revolving Borrowing or Term Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.07.

Interest Payment Date” means (a) with respect to any ABR Loan (including a Swingline Loan), the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December and (b) with respect to any Eurodollar Loan, the last Business Day of the Interest Period applicable to the Borrowing of which such Loan is a part and, in the case of a Eurodollar Borrowing with an Interest Period of more than three months’ duration, each day prior to the last day of such Interest Period that occurs at intervals of three months’ duration after the first day of such Interest Period.

Interest Period” means, with respect to any Eurodollar Borrowing, the period commencing on the date such Borrowing is disbursed or converted to or continued as a Eurodollar Borrowing and ending on the date that is one, two, three or six months thereafter as selected by the Borrower in its Borrowing Request (or, if consented to by each Lender participating therein, twelve months or such shorter period as the Borrower may elect); provided that (a) if any Interest Period would end on a day other than a Business Day, such Interest Period shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless such next succeeding Business Day would fall in the next calendar month, in which case such Interest Period shall end on the next preceding Business Day, (b) any Interest Period that commences on the last Business Day of a calendar month (or on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the last calendar month of such Interest Period) shall end on the last Business Day of the last calendar month at the end of such Interest Period and (c) no Interest Period shall extend beyond (i) in the case of Term Loans, the Term Maturity Date and (ii) in the case of Revolving Loans, the Revolving Maturity Date. For purposes hereof, the date of a Borrowing initially shall be the date on which such Borrowing is made and thereafter shall be the effective date of the most recent conversion or continuation of such Borrowing.

Intermediate Parent” means any Subsidiary of Holdings of which the Borrower is a subsidiary.

Interpolated Rate” means (a) in relation to the “LIBO Rate” for any Loan, the rate which results from interpolating on a linear basis between: (i) the rate appearing on Reuters Screen LIBOR01 Page (or on any successor or substitute page of such service) for the longest period (for which that rate is available) which is less than the Interest Period and (ii) the rate appearing on Reuters Screen LIBOR01 Page (or on any successor or substitute page of such service) for the shortest period (for which that rate is available) which exceeds the Interest Period, each as of approximately 11:00 A.M., London, England time, two (2) Business Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period or (ii) in relation to “EURIBOR” for any Loan, the rate which results from interpolating on a linear basis between: (i) the rate appearing on Reuters Page EURIBOR01 (or on any successor or substitute page of such service) for the longest period (for which that rate is available) which is less than the Interest Period and (ii) the rate appearing on Reuters Page EURIBOR01 (or on any successor or substitute page of such service) for the shortest period (for which that rate is available) which exceeds the Interest Period, each as of approximately 11:00 A.M., London, England time, two (2) Business Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period.

Investment” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect acquisition or investment by such Person, whether by means of (a) the purchase or other acquisition of Equity Interests or debt or other securities of another Person, (b) a loan, advance or capital contribution to, Guarantee or assumption of Indebtedness of, or purchase or other acquisition of any other debt or equity participation or interest in, another Person, including any partnership or joint venture interest in such other Person (excluding, in the case of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (i) intercompany advances arising from their cash management, tax, and accounting operations and (ii) intercompany loans, advances, or Indebtedness having a term not exceeding 364 days (inclusive of any roll-over or extensions of terms) and made in the ordinary course of business) or (c) the purchase or other acquisition (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the property and assets or business of another Person or assets constituting a business unit, line of business or division of such Person. The amount, as of any date of determination, of (a) any Investment in the form of a loan or an advance shall be the principal amount thereof outstanding on such

 

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date, minus any cash payments actually received by such investor representing interest in respect of such Investment (to the extent any such payment to be deducted does not exceed the remaining principal amount of such Investment and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any adjustment for write-downs or write-offs (including as a result of forgiveness of any portion thereof) with respect to such loan or advance after the date thereof, (b) any Investment in the form of a Guarantee shall be equal to the stated or determinable amount of the related primary obligation, or portion thereof, in respect of which such Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof, as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer, (c) any Investment in the form of a transfer of Equity Interests or other non-cash property by the investor to the investee, including any such transfer in the form of a capital contribution, shall be the Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer) of such Equity Interests or other property as of the time of the transfer, minus any payments actually received by such investor representing a return of capital of, or dividends or other distributions in respect of, such Investment (to the extent such payments do not exceed, in the aggregate, the original amount of such Investment and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any other adjustment for increases or decreases in value of, or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to, such Investment after the date of such Investment, and (d) any Investment (other than any Investment referred to in clause (a), (b) or (c) above) by the specified Person in the form of a purchase or other acquisition for value of any Equity Interests, evidences of Indebtedness or other securities of any other Person shall be the original cost of such Investment (including any Indebtedness assumed in connection therewith), plus (i) the cost of all additions thereto and minus (ii) the amount of any portion of such Investment that has been repaid to the investor in cash as a repayment of principal or a return of capital, and of any cash payments actually received by such investor representing interest, dividends or other distributions in respect of such Investment (to the extent the amounts referred to in clause (ii) do not, in the aggregate, exceed the original cost of such Investment plus the costs of additions thereto and without duplication of amounts increasing the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount), but without any other adjustment for increases or decreases in value of, or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to, such Investment after the date of such Investment. For purposes of Section 6.04, if an Investment involves the acquisition of more than one Person, the amount of such Investment shall be allocated among the acquired Persons in accordance with GAAP; provided that pending the final determination of the amounts to be so allocated in accordance with GAAP, such allocation shall be as reasonably determined by a Financial Officer.

Investor” means a holder of Equity Interests in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof).

IPO” means (x) the initial underwritten public offering (other than a public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-8) of common Equity Interests in the IPO Entity or (y) the listing for trading of common Equity Interests in the IPO Entity on a securities exchange of recognized national or international standing, approved by the IPO Entity.

IPO Entity” means, at any time upon and after an IPO, Initial Holdings, a parent entity of Initial Holdings or an Intermediate Parent, as the case may be, the Equity Interests of which were issued or sold pursuant to, or otherwise the subject of, the IPO; provided that, immediately following the IPO, the Borrower is a direct or indirect Wholly Owned Subsidiary of such IPO Entity and such IPO Entity owns, directly or through its subsidiaries, substantially all the businesses and assets owned or conducted, directly or indirectly, by the Borrower immediately prior to the IPO.

ISP” means, with respect to any standby Letter of Credit, the “International Standby Practices 1998” published by the Institute of International Banking Law & Practice, Inc. (or such later version thereof as may be reasonably acceptable to the applicable Issuing Bank and in effect at the time of issuance of such Letter of Credit).

Issuing Bank” means each of (a) JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., (b) Royal Bank of Canada (provided that Royal Bank of Canada shall only be required to issue standby Letters of Credit) and (c) each Revolving Lender that shall have become an Issuing Bank hereunder as provided in Section 2.05(k) (other than any Person that shall have ceased to be an Issuing Bank as provided in Section 2.05(l)), each in its capacity as an issuer of Letters of Credit hereunder. Each Issuing Bank may, in its discretion, arrange for one or more Letters of Credit to be issued by Affiliates or branches of such Issuing Bank, in which case the term “Issuing Bank” shall include any such Affiliate or such branch with respect to Letters of Credit issued by such Affiliate or such branch.

Jefferies” has the meaning given to such term in the preliminary statements hereto.

 

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Joint Lead Arranger” means each of Jefferies Finance LLC (acting through such of its affiliates or branches as it deems appropriate), JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Barclays Bank PLC, Royal Bank of Canada, RBC Capital Markets, ING Capital LLC, BNP Paribas and BNP Paribas Securities Corp., each in their capacity as joint lead arranger and joint bookrunner, and any permitted successors and assigns of the foregoing.

JPM Letter of Credit Sublimit” means an amount equal to $75,000,000. Letters of Credit issued pursuant to the JPM Letter of Credit Sublimit will be issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in its capacity as an “Issuing Bank”.

Judgment Currency” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.17.

Junior Debt Payment Reallocated Amount” means any amount that, at the option of Holdings or the Borrower, has been reallocated from Section 6.07(b)(iv) to clause (D) of the proviso in Section 6.04(m), which shall be deemed to be a utilization of the basket set forth in Section 6.07(b)(iv).

Junior Financing” means (a) any Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than (i) any permitted intercompany Indebtedness owing to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or any Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt or (ii) any Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount not exceeding $50,000,000) that is subordinated in right of payment to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations, and (b) any Permitted Refinancing in respect of the foregoing.

Latest Maturity Date” means, at any date of determination, the latest maturity or expiration date applicable to any Loan or Commitment hereunder at such time, including the latest maturity or expiration date of any Other First Lien Term Loan, any Other First Lien Term Commitment, any Other Revolving Loan or any Other Revolving Commitment, in each case as extended in accordance with this Agreement from time to time.

LC Disbursement” means an honoring of a drawing by an Issuing Bank pursuant to a Letter of Credit.

LC Exposure” means, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate amount of all Letters of Credit that remains available for drawing at such time and (b) the aggregate amount of all LC Disbursements that have not yet been reimbursed by or on behalf of the Borrower at such time. The LC Exposure of any Revolving Lender at any time shall be its Applicable Percentage of the total LC Exposure at such time. For all purposes of this Agreement, if on any date of determination a Letter of Credit has expired by its terms but any amount may still be drawn thereunder by reason of the operation of Rule 3.13 or 3.14 of the ISP or for any Letter of Credit issued with the exclusion of Article 36 of the UCP, such Letter of Credit shall be deemed to be “outstanding” in the amount so remaining available to be drawn. Unless otherwise specified herein, the amount of a Letter of Credit at any time shall be deemed to be the stated amount of such Letter of Credit in effect at such time; provided that with respect to any Letter of Credit that, by its terms or the terms of any document related thereto, provides for one or more automatic increases in the stated amount thereof, the amount of such Letter of Credit shall be deemed to be the maximum stated amount of such Letter of Credit after giving effect to all such increases, whether or not such maximum stated amount is in effect at such time.

LC Revaluation Date” means (a) the date of delivery of each request for Revolving Borrowings, (b) the date of issuance, extension or renewal of any Letter of Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency, in each case at the discretion of the First Lien Administrative Agent and/or any Issuing Bank, (c) the date of conversion or continuation of any Revolving Borrowing denominated in an Alternative Currency pursuant to Section 2.02 or (d) such additional dates as the First Lien Administrative Agent may reasonably specify.

LCT Election” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.06.

LCT Test Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.06.

 

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Lenders” means the Persons listed on Schedule 2.01 and any other Person that shall have become a party hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption, an Incremental Facility Amendment, a Loan Modification Agreement or a Refinancing Amendment, in each case, other than any such Person that ceases to be a party hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption. Unless the context otherwise requires, the term “Lenders” includes the Swingline Lender.

Letter of Credit” means any letter of credit or bank guarantee by an Issuing Bank issued pursuant to this Agreement or deemed outstanding under this Agreement other than any such letter of credit or bank guarantee that shall have ceased to be a “Letter of Credit” outstanding hereunder pursuant to Section 9.05.

Letter of Credit Request” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.05(b).

Letter of Credit Sublimit” means the sum of the JPM Letter of Credit Sublimit and the RBC Letter of Credit Sublimit. The Letter of Credit Sublimit is part of and not in addition to the aggregate Revolving Commitments.

LIBO Rate” means, for any Interest Period with respect to a Eurodollar Borrowing denominated in Dollars or any Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars and Euros), the rate per annum equal to (i) the ICE Benchmark Administration LIBOR Rate or the successor thereto if the ICE Benchmark Administration is no longer making a LIBOR rate available, as published by Reuters (or such other commercially available source providing quotations of ICE LIBOR as may be designated by the First Lien Administrative Agent from time to time) at approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, two (2) London Banking Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period, for deposits in the relevant currency (for delivery on the first day of such Interest Period) with a term equivalent to such Interest Period or (ii) if such published rate is not available at such time for any reason, then the “LIBO Rate” for such Interest Period shall be the Interpolated Rate.

Lien” means, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset and (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such asset.

Limited Condition Transaction” means (a) any Permitted Acquisition (including by way of merger or amalgamation), Investment or irrevocably declared Restricted Payment by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary permitted pursuant to this Agreement whose consummation is not conditioned upon the availability of, or on obtaining, third party financing (or, if such a condition does exist, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, would be required to pay any fee, liquidated damages or other amount or be subject to any indemnity, claim or other liability as a result of such third party financing not having been available or obtained) or (b) any prepayment, repurchase or redemption of Indebtedness requiring irrevocable notice in advance of such prepayment, repurchase or redemption.

Loan Guarantors” means Holdings, any Intermediate Parent and the Subsidiary Loan Parties.

Loan Modification Agreement” means a Loan Modification Agreement, in form reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent, among the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent and one or more Accepting Lenders, effecting one or more Permitted Amendments and such other amendments hereto and to the other First Lien Loan Documents as are contemplated by Section 2.24.

Loan Modification Offer” has the meaning specified in Section 2.24(a).

Loan Parties” means Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and the Subsidiary Loan Parties.

Loans” means the loans made by the Lenders to the Borrower pursuant to this Agreement.

London Banking Day” means any day on which dealings in Dollar deposits are conducted by and between banks in the London interbank eurodollar market.

 

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Majority in Interest”, when used in reference to Lenders of any Class, means, at any time, (a) in the case of the Revolving Lenders, Lenders having Revolving Exposures and unused Revolving Commitments representing more than 50% of the sum of the aggregate Revolving Exposures and the unused aggregate Revolving Commitments at such time and (b) in the case of the Term Lenders of any Class, Lenders holding outstanding Term Loans and unused Term Commitments of such Class representing more than 50% of all Term Loans and unused Term Commitments of such Class outstanding at such time; provided that whenever there are one or more Defaulting Lenders, the total outstanding Term Loans and Revolving Exposures of, and the unused Revolving Commitments of, each Defaulting Lender shall be excluded for purposes of making a determination of the Majority in Interest.

Management Investors” means the members of the Board of Directors, officers and employees of Holdings, the Borrower and/or their respective Subsidiaries who are (directly or indirectly through one or more investment vehicles) investors in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof).

Master Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Swap Agreement.”

Material Adverse Effect” means a circumstance or condition affecting the business, financial condition, or results of operations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, that would reasonably be expected to have a materially adverse effect on (a) the ability of the Borrower and the other Loan Parties, taken as a whole, to perform their payment obligations under the First Lien Loan Documents or (b) the rights and remedies of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the First Lien Collateral Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders under the First Lien Loan Documents.

Material Indebtedness” means Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than the First Lien Loan Document Obligations), Capital Lease Obligations, unreimbursed obligations for letter of credit drawings and financial guarantees (other than ordinary course of business contingent reimbursement obligations) or obligations in respect of one or more Swap Agreements, of any one or more of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount exceeding $100,000,000. For purposes of determining Material Indebtedness, the “principal amount” of the obligations in respect of any Swap Agreement at any time shall be the maximum aggregate amount (giving effect to any netting agreements) that the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiary would be required to pay if such Swap Agreement were terminated at such time.

Material Non-Public Information” means (a) if the Borrower is a public reporting company, material non-public information with respect to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries, or the respective securities of any of the foregoing, and (b) if the Borrower is not a public reporting company, information that is (i) of a type that would not be publicly available if the Borrower were a public reporting company or (ii) material with respect to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries or any of their respective securities for purposes of United States Federal and state and applicable foreign securities laws.

Material Real Property” means any real property with a Fair Market Value, as reasonably determined by the Borrower in good faith, greater than or equal to $30,000,000.

Material Subsidiary” means each Intermediate Parent or Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary that, as of the last day of the fiscal quarter of the Borrower most recently ended, had net revenues or total assets for such quarter in excess of 2.5% of the consolidated net revenues or total assets, as applicable, of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such quarter; provided that in the event that the Immaterial Subsidiaries, taken together, had as of the last day of the fiscal quarter of the Borrower’s most recently ended net revenues or total assets in excess of 10.0 % of the consolidated revenues or total assets, as applicable, of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such quarter, the Borrower shall designate in writing one or more Immaterial Subsidiaries to be a Material Subsidiary as may be necessary such that the foregoing 10.0% limit shall not be exceeded, and any such Subsidiary shall thereafter be deemed to be an Material Subsidiary hereunder; provided further that the Borrower may re-designate Material Subsidiaries as Immaterial Subsidiaries so long as the Borrower is in compliance with the foregoing.

Maximum Rate” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.16.

 

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Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and any successor to its rating agency business.

Model” means that certain financial model delivered by the Borrower to the First Lien Administrative Agent on November 7, 2019 (together with any updates or modifications thereto reasonably agreed between the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent).

Mortgage” means a mortgage, charge, deed of trust, assignment of leases and rents or other security document granting a Lien on any Mortgaged Property in favor of the First Lien Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties to secure the Secured Obligations, as the same may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time. Each Mortgage shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower.

Mortgaged Property” means each parcel of Material Real Property with respect to which a Mortgage is granted pursuant to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, Section 5.11, Section 5.12 or Section 5.14 (if any).

Multiemployer Plan” means a multiemployer plan as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA.

Net Proceeds” means, with respect to any event, (a) the proceeds received in respect of such event in cash or Permitted Investments, including (i) any cash or Permitted Investments received in respect of any non-cash proceeds (including any cash payments received by way of deferred payment of principal pursuant to a note or installment receivable or purchase price adjustment or earn-out, but excluding any interest payments), but only as and when received, (ii) in the case of a casualty, insurance proceeds that are actually received, and (iii) in the case of a condemnation or similar event, condemnation awards and similar payments that are actually received, minus (b) without duplication, the sum of (i) all fees and out-of-pocket expenses paid by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and any Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with such event (including attorney’s fees, investment banking fees, survey costs, title insurance premiums, and related search and recording charges, transfer taxes, deed or mortgage recording taxes, underwriting discounts and commissions, other customary expenses and brokerage, consultant, accountant and other customary fees), (ii) in the case of a sale, transfer or other disposition of an asset (including pursuant to a sale and leaseback transaction or a casualty or a condemnation or similar proceeding), (x) the amount of all payments that are permitted hereunder and are made by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries as a result of such event to repay Indebtedness (other than the Loans) secured by such asset or otherwise subject to mandatory prepayment as a result of such event, (y) the pro rata portion of net cash proceeds thereof (calculated without regard to this clause (y)) attributable to minority interests and not available for distribution to or for the account of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or its Restricted Subsidiaries as a result thereof and (z) the amount of any liabilities directly associated with such asset and retained by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary and (iii) the amount of all taxes paid (or reasonably estimated to be payable), the amount of dividends and other restricted payments that Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and/or its Restricted Subsidiaries may make pursuant to Section 6.07(a)(vii)(A) or (B) as a result of such event, and the amount of any reserves established by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries to fund contingent liabilities reasonably estimated to be payable, that are directly attributable to such event, provided that any reduction at any time in the amount of any such reserves (other than as a result of payments made in respect thereof) shall be deemed to constitute the receipt by the Borrower at such time of Net Proceeds in the amount of such reduction.

New Project” shall mean (a) each facility which is either a new facility, branch or office or an expansion, relocation, remodeling or substantial modernization of an existing facility, branch or office owned by the Borrower or its Subsidiaries which in fact commences operations and (b) each creation (in one or a series of related transactions) of a business unit to the extent such business unit commences operations or each expansion (in one or a series of related transactions) of business into a new market.

Net Short Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.02(h).

Non-Accepting Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.24(c).

 

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Non-Cash Charges” means (a) any impairment charge or asset write-off or write-down related to intangible assets (including goodwill), long-lived assets, and Investments in debt and equity securities pursuant to GAAP, (b) all losses from Investments recorded using the equity method, (c) all Non-Cash Compensation Expenses, (d) the non-cash impact of acquisition method accounting, (e) depreciation and amortization (including, without limitation, as they relate to acquisition accounting, amortization of deferred financing fees or costs, Capitalized Software Expenditures and amortization of unrecognized prior service costs and actuarial gains and losses related to pension and other post-employment benefits) and (f) other non-cash charges (provided, in each case, that if any non-cash charges represent an accrual or reserve for potential cash items in any future period, the cash payment in respect thereof in such future period shall be subtracted from Consolidated EBITDA to such extent, and excluding amortization of a prepaid cash item that was paid in a prior period).

Non-Cash Compensation Expense” means any non-cash expenses and costs that result from the issuance of stock-based awards, partnership interest-based awards and similar incentive based compensation awards or arrangements.

Non-Consenting Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.02(c).

Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary” of any Person means any subsidiary of such Person other than a Wholly Owned Subsidiary.

Not Otherwise Applied” means, with reference to the Available Amount or the Available Equity Amount, as applicable, that such amount was not previously applied pursuant to Sections 6.04(m), 6.07(a)(viii) and 6.07(b)(iv).

Note” means a promissory note of the Borrower, in substantially the form of Exhibit O, payable to a Lender in a principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Revolving Commitment or Term Loans, as applicable, of such Lender.

OFAC” has the meaning specified in Section 3.17(b).

Offered Amount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(1).

Offered Discount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(1).

Organizational Documents” means, with respect to any Person, the charter, articles or certificate of organization or incorporation and bylaws or other organizational or governing documents of such Person.

Other First Lien Term Commitments” means one or more Classes of term loan commitments hereunder that result from a Refinancing Amendment or a Loan Modification Agreement.

Other First Lien Term Loans” means one or more Classes of Term Loans that result from a Refinancing Amendment or a Loan Modification Agreement.

Other Revolving Commitments” means one or more Classes of Revolving Commitments hereunder or extended Revolving Commitments that result from a Refinancing Amendment or a Loan Modification Agreement.

Other Revolving Loans” means one or more classes of Revolving Loans made pursuant to any Other Revolving Commitment or a Loan Modification Agreement.

Other Taxes” means any and all present or future recording, stamp, documentary, excise, transfer, sales, property or similar Taxes, charges or levies arising from any payment made under any First Lien Loan Document or from the execution, delivery or enforcement of, or otherwise with respect to, any First Lien Loan Document.

Participant” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.04(c)(i).

 

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Participant Register” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.04(c)(ii).

Participating Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(2).

Patent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation referred to and defined in ERISA and any successor entity performing similar functions.

Perfection Certificate” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit C.

Permitted Acquisition” means the purchase or other acquisition, by merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise, by the Borrower or any Subsidiary of any Equity Interests in, or all or substantially all the assets of (or all or substantially all the assets constituting a business unit, division, product line or line of business of), any Person; provided that (a) in the case of any purchase or other acquisition of Equity Interests in a Person, (i) such Person, upon the consummation of such purchase or acquisition, will be a Subsidiary (including as a result of a merger, amalgamation or consolidation between any Subsidiary and such Person), or (ii) such Person is merged or amalgamated into or consolidated with a Subsidiary and such Subsidiary is the surviving entity of such merger, amalgamation or consolidation, (b) the business of such Person, or such assets, as the case may be, constitute a business permitted by Section 5.16, (c) with respect to each such purchase or other acquisition, all actions required to be taken with respect to such newly created or acquired Subsidiary (including each subsidiary thereof) or assets in order to satisfy the requirements set forth in clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” to the extent applicable shall have been taken (or arrangements for the taking of such actions after the consummation of the Permitted Acquisition shall have been made that are reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent) (unless such newly created or acquired Subsidiary is designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to Section 5.13 or is otherwise an Excluded Subsidiary) and (d) subject to Section 1.06, after giving Pro Forma Effect to any such purchase or other acquisition, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

Permitted Amendment” means an amendment to this Agreement and, if applicable the other First Lien Loan Documents, effected in connection with a Loan Modification Offer pursuant to Section 2.24, providing for an extension of a maturity date applicable to the Loans and/or Commitments of the Accepting Lenders and, in connection therewith, (a) a change in the Applicable Rate with respect to the Loans and/or Commitments of the Accepting Lenders and/or (b) a change in the fees payable to, or the inclusion of new fees to be payable to, the Accepting Lenders and/or (c) additional or modified covenants, events of default, guarantees or other provisions applicable only to periods after the Latest Maturity Date at the time of such Loan Modification Offer (it being understood that to the extent that any covenant, event of default, guarantee or other provision is added or modified for the benefit of any such Loans and/or Commitments, no consent shall be required by the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of the Lenders if such covenant, event of default, guarantee or other provision is either (i) also added or modified for the benefit of any corresponding Loans remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of such Loans and/or Commitments, (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, in each case also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility hereunder (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility hereunder) or (iii) only applicable after the Latest Maturity Date at the time of such Loan Modification Offer).

Permitted Encumbrances” means:

(a) Liens for Taxes, assessments or governmental charges that are (i) not overdue for a period of the greater of (x) 30 days and (y) any applicable grace period related thereto or otherwise not at such time required to be paid pursuant to Section 5.05 or (ii) being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person in accordance with GAAP (or other applicable accounting principles);

 

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(b) Liens with respect to outstanding motor vehicle fines and Liens arising or imposed by law, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or construction contractors’ Liens and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business that secure amounts not overdue for a period of more than 30 days or, if more than 30 days overdue, are unfiled and no other action has been taken to enforce such Lien or that are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person in accordance with GAAP, in each case so long as such Liens do not individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect;

(c) Liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business (i) in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance, social security, retirement and other similar legislation or (ii) securing liability for reimbursement or indemnification obligations of (including obligations in respect of letters of credit or bank guarantees or similar instrument for the benefit of) insurance carriers providing property, casualty or liability insurance to the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or otherwise supporting the payment of items set forth in the foregoing clause (i), whether pursuant to statutory requirements, common law or consensual arrangements;

(d) Liens incurred or deposits made to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts, governmental contracts and leases, statutory obligations, surety, stay, customs and appeal bonds, return-of-money bonds, performance bonds, bankers acceptance facilities and other obligations of a like nature (including those to secure health, safety and environmental obligations) and obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments that have been posted to support the same, in each case incurred in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practices, whether pursuant to statutory requirements, common law or consensual arrangements;

(e) minor survey exceptions, minor encumbrances, covenants, conditions, easements, rights-of-way, restrictions, encroachments, protrusions, by-law, regulation or zoning restrictions, reservations of or rights of others for sewers, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines and other similar purposes and other similar encumbrances and minor title defects or irregularities affecting real property, that, in the aggregate, do not materially interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or which are set forth in the title insurance policy delivered with respect to the Mortgaged Property and are “insured over” in such insurance policy;

(f) Liens securing, or otherwise arising from, judgments not constituting an Event of Default under Section 7.01(j);

(g) Liens on goods the purchase price of which is financed by a documentary letter of credit issued for the account of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or Liens on bills of lading, drafts or other documents of title arising by operation of law or pursuant to the standard terms of agreements relating to letters of credit, bank guarantees and other similar instruments; provided that such Lien secures only the obligations of the Borrower or such Subsidiaries in respect of such letter of credit to the extent such obligations are permitted by Section 6.01;

(h) Liens arising from precautionary Uniform Commercial Code financing statements or similar filings made in respect of operating leases entered into by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;

(i) rights of recapture of unused real property (other than any Mortgaged Property) in favor of the seller of such property set forth in customary purchase agreements and related arrangements with any Governmental Authority;

(j) Liens in favor of deposit banks or securities intermediaries securing customary fees, expenses or charges in connection with the establishment, operation or maintenance of deposit accounts or securities accounts;

 

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(k) Liens in favor of obligations in respect of performance, bid, appeal and surety bonds and performance and completion guarantees and similar obligations provided by the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries or obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto, in each case in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

(l) Liens arising from grants of non-exclusive licenses or sublicenses of Intellectual Property made in the ordinary course of business;

(m) rights of setoff, banker’s lien, netting agreements and other Liens arising by operation of law or by of the terms of documents of banks or other financial institutions in relation to the maintenance of administration of deposit accounts, securities accounts, cash management arrangements or in connection with the issuance of letters of credit, bank guarantees or other similar instruments;

(n) Liens arising from the right of distress enjoyed by landlords or Liens otherwise granted to landlords, in either case, to secure the payment of arrears of rent or performance of other tenant obligations in respect of leased properties, so long as such Liens are not exercised;

(o) securities to public utilities or to any Governmental Authority when required by the utility or other authority in connection with the supply of services or utilities to the Borrower and any Restricted Subsidiaries;

(p) servicing agreements, development agreements, site plan agreements and other agreements with any Governmental Authority pertaining to the use or development of any of the assets of the Person, provided same are complied with in all material respects and do not materially reduce the value of the assets of the Person or materially interfere with the use of such assets in the operation of the business of such Person;

(q) operating leases of vehicles or equipment which are entered into in the ordinary course of business;

(r) Liens securing Priority Obligations;

(s) receipt of progress payments and advances from customers in the ordinary course of business to the extent the same creates a Lien on the related inventory and proceeds thereof;

(t) any zoning, building or similar law or right reserved to or vested in any Governmental Authority to control or regulate the use of any real property; and

(u) leases, licenses, subleases or sublicenses granted to others that do not (A) interfere in any material respect with the business of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (B) secure any Indebtedness;

provided that the term “Permitted Encumbrances” shall not include any Lien securing Indebtedness for borrowed money other than Liens referred to in clauses (d) and (k) above securing obligations under letters of credit or bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto and in clause (g) above, in each case to the extent any such Lien would constitute a Lien securing Indebtedness for borrowed money.

Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt” means any secured Indebtedness incurred by the Borrower and/or any Subsidiary Loan Party (and any Guarantee thereof by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent) in the form of one or more series of senior secured notes or senior secured loans; provided that (i) such Indebtedness is an ABL Facility or is secured by the Collateral (and no other assets which are not Collateral) on a pari passu basis (but without regard to the control of remedies) with the Secured Obligations, (ii) such Indebtedness constitutes Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness, (iii) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the maturity of the Refinanced Debt, (iv) such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by an entity that is not a Loan Party and (y) a Senior Representative acting on behalf

 

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of the holders of such Indebtedness shall have become party to (1) a Customary Intercreditor Agreement providing that the Liens on the Collateral securing such obligations shall rank equal in priority to the Liens on the Collateral securing the First Lien Loan Document Obligations and (2) if applicable, the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement. Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt will include any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor.

Permitted Holders” means (a) the Sponsor, (b) the Management Investors, (c) any Person who is acting solely as an underwriter in connection with a public or private offering of Equity Interests of any parent entity of the Borrower or the Borrower, acting in such capacity and (d) any group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act or any successor provision) of which any of the foregoing are members if a majority of the Equity Interests owned by the group is owned by Permitted Holders under clause (a) or (b) above.

Permitted Investments” means any of the following, to the extent owned by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary:

(a) Dollars, Euros, Canadian Dollars, pounds sterling or such other currencies held by it from time to time in the ordinary course of business;

(b) readily marketable obligations issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the government or any agency or instrumentality of (i) the United States, (ii) the United Kingdom, (iii) Canada, (iv) Switzerland or (v) any member nation of the European Union rated A (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P and A2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, having average maturities of not more than 24 months from the date of acquisition thereof; provided that the full faith and credit of such country or such member nation of the European Union is pledged in support thereof;

(c) time deposits with, or insured certificates of deposit or bankers’ acceptances of, any commercial bank that (i) is a Lender or (ii) has combined capital and surplus of at least (x) $250,000,000 in the case of U.S. banks or (y) $100,000,000 in the case of non-U.S. banks, or the U.S. dollar equivalent (any such bank in the foregoing clauses (i) or (ii) being an “Approved Bank”), in each case with average maturities of not more than 12 months from the date of acquisition thereof;

(d) commercial paper and variable or fixed rate notes issued by an Approved Bank (or by the parent company thereof) or any variable or fixed rate note issued by, or guaranteed by, a corporation rated A-2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P or P-2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, in each case with average maturities of not more than 12 months from the date of acquisition thereof;

(e) repurchase agreements entered into by any Person with an Approved Bank, a bank or trust company (including any of the Lenders) or recognized securities dealer, in each case, having capital and surplus in excess of $250,000,000 or its equivalent for direct obligations issued by or fully guaranteed or insured by the government or any agency or instrumentality of (i) the United States, (ii) Canada, (iii) Switzerland or (iv) any member nation of the European Union rated A (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P and A2 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s, in which such Person shall have a perfected first priority security interest (subject to no other Liens) or title to which shall have been transferred to such Person and having, on the date of purchase thereof, a Fair Market Value of at least 100% of the amount of the repurchase obligations;

(f) marketable short-term money market and similar highly liquid funds either (i) having assets in excess of $250,000,000 or its equivalent, or (ii) having a rating of at least A-2 or P-2 from either S&P or Moody’s (or, if at any time neither S&P nor Moody’s shall be rating such obligations, an equivalent rating from another nationally recognized rating service);

(g) securities with average maturities of 12 months or less from the date of acquisition issued or fully guaranteed by any state, commonwealth or territory of the United States, Canada, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, a member of the European Union or by any political subdivision or taxing authority of any such state, member, commonwealth or territory having an investment grade rating from either S&P or Moody’s (or the equivalent thereof);

 

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(h) investments with average maturities of 12 months or less from the date of acquisition in mutual funds rated AAA- (or the equivalent thereof) or better by S&P or Aaa3 (or the equivalent thereof) or better by Moody’s;

(i) instruments equivalent to those referred to in clauses (a) through (h) above denominated in euros or any other foreign currency comparable in credit quality and tenor to those referred to above and customarily used by corporations for cash management purposes in any jurisdiction outside the United States to the extent reasonably required in connection with any business conducted by any Subsidiary organized in such jurisdiction;

(j) investments, classified in accordance with GAAP as current assets of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, in money market investment programs that are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or that are administered by financial institutions having capital of at least $250,000,000 or its equivalent, and, in either case, the portfolios of which are limited such that substantially all of such investments are of the character, quality and maturity described in clauses (a) through (i) of this definition;

(k) with respect to any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States of America, any State, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia: (i) obligations of the national government of the country in which such Subsidiary maintains its chief executive office and principal place of business; provided such country is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, in each case maturing within one year after the date of investment therein, (ii) certificates of deposit of, bankers acceptances of, or time deposits with, any commercial bank which is organized and existing under the laws of the country in which such Subsidiary maintains its chief executive office and principal place of business; provided such country is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and whose short-term commercial paper rating from S&P is at least “A-2” or the equivalent thereof or from Moody’s is at least “P-2” or the equivalent thereof (any such bank being an “Approved Foreign Bank”), and in each case with maturities of not more than 24 months from the date of acquisition and (iii) the equivalent of demand deposit accounts which are maintained with an Approved Foreign Bank; and

(l) investment funds investing at least 90% of their assets in securities of the types described in clauses (a) through (k) above.

Permitted Refinancing” means, with respect to any Person, any modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension of any Indebtedness of such Person; provided that (a) the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) thereof does not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness so modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended except by an amount equal to unpaid accrued interest and premium thereon plus other amounts paid, and fees and expenses incurred, in connection with such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension and by an amount equal to any existing commitments unutilized thereunder; provided that the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) may exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Indebtedness so modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended to the extent such excess amount (and the terms thereof) is otherwise permitted to be incurred under Section 6.01, (b) other than with respect to a Permitted Refinancing in respect of Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 6.01(a)(v), Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension has a final maturity date equal to or later than the final maturity date of, and has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of, the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended, (c) immediately after giving effect thereto, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (d) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is subordinated in right of payment to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations, Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension is subordinated in right of payment to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations on terms at least as favorable to the Lenders as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended, (e) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is permitted pursuant to Section 6.01(a)(xxi) or (a)(xxii), such Indebtedness complies with the

 

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Required Additional Debt Terms, (f) the terms and conditions (including, if applicable, as to collateral but excluding as to subordination, interest rate (including whether such interest is payable in cash or in kind), rate floors, fees, discounts and redemption premium) of Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension are not, taken as a whole, materially less favorable to the Loan Parties or the Lenders than the terms and conditions of the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended (except for covenants or other provisions applicable to periods after the Latest Maturity Date at the time such Indebtedness is incurred) (together with, at the election of the Borrower, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Permitted Refinancing, the terms shall not be considered materially less favorable if such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (A) also added or modified for the benefit of any corresponding Loans remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of such Permitted Refinancing or (B) only applicable after the Latest Maturity Date at the time of such refinancing); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower delivered to the Administrative Agent at least five (5) Business Days prior to such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or drafts of the documentation relating thereto, stating that the Borrower has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement unless the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower within such five (5) Business Day period that it disagrees with such determination (including a reasonable description of the basis upon which it disagrees) and (ii) the primary obligor in respect of, and/or the Persons (if any) that Guarantee, the Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension are the primary obligor in respect of, and/or Persons (if any) that Guaranteed the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended and (g) if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is permitted pursuant to Sections 6.01(a)(vii), 6.01(a)(viii) or 6.01(a)(ix), the Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension is (x) unsecured if the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is unsecured or (y) not secured on a more favorable basis than the Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended if such Indebtedness being modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended is secured. For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that (x) notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, in the case of any Indebtedness incurred to modify, refinance, refunding, extend, renew or replace Indebtedness initially incurred in reliance on and measured by reference to a percentage of Consolidated EBITDA at the time of incurrence, and such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement would cause the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA to be exceeded if calculated based on the percentage of Consolidated EBITDA on the date of such modification, refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement, such percentage of Consolidated EBITDA restriction shall not be deemed to be exceeded so long as such incurrence otherwise constitutes a “Permitted Refinancing” and (y) a Permitted Refinancing may constitute a portion of an issuance of Indebtedness in excess of the amount of such Permitted Refinancing; provided that such excess includes successive Permitted Refinancings of the same Indebtedness.

Permitted Second Priority Debt” means (a) the Second Lien Facilities and (b) any Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt, in each case, permitted to be incurred pursuant to the terms of the Second Lien Indenture as in effect on the Effective Date (as it may be amended in accordance with the express terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement) and any Permitted Refinancing thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the aggregate principal amount of Second Lien Facilities on the Effective Date shall not exceed $770,000,000.

Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt” means any secured Indebtedness incurred by the Borrower and/or any Subsidiary Loan Party (and any Guarantee thereof by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent) in the form of one or more series of junior lien secured notes or junior lien secured loans; provided that (i) such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a junior lien, subordinated basis to the Secured Obligations and the obligations in respect of any Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt, (ii) such Indebtedness constitutes Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness, (iii) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the maturity of the Refinanced Debt, (iv) such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Loan Party, (v) the security agreements relating to such Indebtedness are on substantially the same terms as the Security Documents (with such differences as are reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent) and (vi) a Senior Representative acting on behalf of the holders of such Indebtedness shall have become party to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or a Customary Intercreditor Agreement, as applicable. Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt will include any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor.

 

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Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt” means any unsecured Indebtedness incurred by the Borrower and/or any Loan Party in the form of one or more series of senior unsecured notes or senior unsecured loans; provided that (i) such Indebtedness constitutes Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness, (ii) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the maturity of the Refinanced Debt, (iii) if such Indebtedness is guaranteed, such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Loan Party, and (iv) such Indebtedness is not secured by any Lien on any property or assets of Holdings, Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary. Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt will include any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor.

Person” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.

PIK Toggle Notes” means the $425,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 8.125% / 8.875% Senior PIK Toggle Notes due 2021 issued by Sotera Health Topco, Inc. (formerly Sterigenics-Nordion Topco, LLC) (“Topco”) pursuant to the indenture dated as of November 1, 2016, as supplemented by the first supplemental indenture dated as of November 24, 2017, between Topco and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.

Plan” means any employee pension benefit plan as such term is defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA (other than a Multiemployer Plan) subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, and in respect of which a Loan Party or any ERISA Affiliate is an “employer” as defined in Section 3(5) of ERISA.

Planned Expenditures” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(d)(v).

Platform” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.01.

Post-Transaction Period” means, with respect to any Specified Transaction, the period beginning on the date such Specified Transaction is consummated and ending on the last day of the eighth full consecutive fiscal quarter immediately following the date on which such Specified Transaction is consummated.

Prepayment Event” means:

(a) any non-ordinary course sale, transfer or other disposition of any property or asset of the Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted by Section 6.05(k) other than dispositions resulting in aggregate Net Proceeds not exceeding (A) $25,000,000 in the case of any single transaction or series of related transactions and (B) $50,000,000 for all such transactions during any fiscal year of the Borrower; or

(b) the incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of any Indebtedness, other than Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01 (other than Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt, Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt, Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt and Other First Lien Term Loans) or permitted by the Required Lenders pursuant to Section 9.02.

Prime Rate” means the rate of interest per annum announced from time to time by Jefferies (or any successor to Jefferies in its capacity as Administrative Agent) as its prime commercial lending rate in effect at its principal office in New York City and notified to the Borrower. The Prime Rate is a reference rate and does not necessarily represent the lowest or best rate actually charged to any customer.

Priority Obligation” means any obligation that is secured by a Lien on any Collateral in favor of a Governmental Authority, which Lien ranks or is capable of ranking prior to or pari passu with the Liens created thereon by the applicable Security Documents, including any such Lien securing amounts owing for wages, vacation pay, severance pay, employee deductions, sales tax, excise tax, other Taxes, workers’ compensation, governmental royalties and stumpage or pension fund obligations.

 

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Pro Forma Adjustment” means, for any Test Period that includes all or any part of a fiscal quarter included in any Post-Transaction Period with respect to the Acquired EBITDA of the applicable Pro Forma Entity or the Consolidated EBITDA of the Borrower, the pro forma increase or decrease in such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, projected by the Borrower in good faith as a result of (a) actions taken, prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period, for the purposes of realizing reasonably identifiable and quantifiable cost savings, or (b) any additional costs incurred prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period in connection with the combination of the operations of such Pro Forma Entity with the operations of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided that (A) so long as such actions are taken prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period or such costs are incurred prior to or during such Post-Transaction Period it may be assumed, for purposes of projecting such pro forma increase or decrease to such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, that such cost savings will be realizable during the entirety of such Test Period, or such additional costs will be incurred during the entirety of such Test Period, (B) any Pro Forma Adjustment to Consolidated EBITDA shall be certified by a Financial Officer, the chief executive officer or president of the Borrower and (C) any such pro forma increase or decrease to such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, shall be without duplication for cost savings or additional costs already included in such Acquired EBITDA or such Consolidated EBITDA, as the case may be, for such Test Period.

Pro Forma Basis,” “Pro Forma Compliance” and “Pro Forma Effect” mean, with respect to compliance with any test, financial ratio or covenant hereunder required by the terms of this Agreement to be made on a Pro Forma Basis or after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, that (a) to the extent applicable, the Pro Forma Adjustment shall have been made and (b) all Specified Transactions and the following transactions in connection therewith that have been made during the applicable period of measurement or subsequent to such period and prior to or simultaneously with the event for which the calculation is made shall be deemed to have occurred as of the first day of the applicable period of measurement in such test, financial ratio or covenant: (i) income statement items (whether positive or negative) attributable to the property or Person subject to such Specified Transaction, (A) in the case of a Disposition of all or substantially all Equity Interests in any subsidiary of Holdings or any division, product line, or facility used for operations of Holdings, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries, shall be excluded and (B) in the case of a Permitted Acquisition or Investment described in the definition of “Specified Transaction,” shall be included, (ii) any retirement of Indebtedness, and (iii) any Indebtedness incurred or assumed by Holdings, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries in connection therewith and if such Indebtedness has a floating or formula rate, shall have an implied rate of interest for the applicable period for purposes of this definition determined by utilizing the rate that is or would be in effect with respect to such Indebtedness as at the relevant date of determination and interest on any Indebtedness under a revolving credit facility computed on a pro forma basis shall be computed based upon the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during the applicable period; provided that, without limiting the application of the Pro Forma Adjustment pursuant to clause (a) above, the foregoing pro forma adjustments may be applied to any such test or covenant solely to the extent that such adjustments are consistent with the definition of Consolidated EBITDA and give effect to operating expense reductions that are (i) (x) directly attributable to such transaction, (y) expected to have a continuing impact on Holdings, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and (z) factually supportable or (ii) otherwise consistent with the definition of Pro Forma Adjustment. References herein to Pro Forma Compliance or compliance on a Pro Forma Basis with the Financial Performance Covenant shall mean Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant whether or not then in effect.

Pro Forma Disposal Adjustment” means, for any Test Period that includes all or a portion of a fiscal quarter included in any Post-Transaction Period with respect to any Sold Entity or Business, the pro forma increase or decrease in Consolidated EBITDA projected by the Borrower in good faith as a result of contractual arrangements between the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary entered into with such Sold Entity or Business at the time of its disposal or within the Post-Transaction Period and which represent an increase or decrease in Consolidated EBITDA which is incremental to the Disposed EBITDA of such Sold Entity or Business for the most recent Test Period prior to its disposal.

Pro Forma Entity” has the meaning given to such term in the definition of “Acquired EBITDA.”

 

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Proposed Change” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.02(c).

PSP” means PSP Investments Credit USA LLC and any of its Affiliates who are from time to time a Lender hereunder.

PTE” means a prohibited transaction class exemption issued by the U.S. Department of Labor, as any such exemption may be amended from time to time.

Public Company Costs” means, as to the Borrower or the IPO Entity, costs associated with, or in anticipation of, or preparation for, compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith and costs relating to compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Exchange Act or any other comparable body of laws, rules or regulations, as companies with listed equity, directors’ compensation, fees and expense reimbursement, costs relating to investor relations, shareholder meetings and reports to shareholders, directors’ and officers’ insurance and other executive costs, legal and other professional fees, and listing fees, in each case to the extent arising solely by virtue of the listing of such Person’s equity securities on a national securities exchange.

Public Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.01.

Qualified Equity Interests” means Equity Interests of Holdings or the Borrower other than Disqualified Equity Interests.

Qualified Securitization Facility” means any Securitization Facility that meets the following conditions: (a) the board of directors of the Borrower shall have determined in good faith that such Securitization Facility (including financing terms, covenants, termination events and other provisions) is in the aggregate economically fair and reasonable to the Borrower and the applicable Securitization Subsidiary and (b) the financing terms, covenants, termination events and other provisions thereof shall be market terms (as determined in good faith by the Borrower).

Qualifying Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(3).

RBC Letter of Credit Sublimit” means an amount equal to $50,000,000. Letters of Credit issued pursuant to the RBC Letter of Credit Sublimit will be issued by Royal Bank of Canada in its capacity as an “Issuing Bank”.

Refinanced Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness.”

Refinancing” means (a) the refinancing of all indebtedness of the Borrower under the Credit Agreement dated as of May 15, 2015, as amended as of August 18, 2015, April 4, 2017, June 30, 2017, October 31, 2017, November 24, 2017, April 2, 2019, April 12, 2019 and as of August 5, 2019 and as may be further amended, restated, or otherwise modified on or prior to the date hereof, among Holdings, Borrower, the lenders party thereto, Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent, (b) the receipt by the First Lien Administrative Agent of reasonably satisfactory evidence of the discharge (or the making of arrangements for discharge) of all commitments and Liens thereunder (other than Liens permitted by Section 6.02) and (c) redemption of the Existing Notes; it being agreed that the delivery of customary duly executed payoff and release letters to the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be satisfactory evidence.

Refinancing Amendment” means an amendment to this Agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower executed by each of (a) the Borrower and Holdings, (b) the First Lien Administrative Agent and (c) each Additional Lender and Lender that agrees to provide any portion of the Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness being incurred pursuant thereto, in accordance with Section 2.21.

Register” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.04(b)(iv).

 

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Registered Equivalent Notes” means, with respect to any notes originally issued in a Rule 144A or other private placement transaction under the Securities Act of 1933, substantially identical notes (having the same Guarantees) issued in a dollar-for-dollar exchange therefor pursuant to an exchange offer registered with the SEC.

Regulated Bank” means an Approved Bank that is (i) a U.S. depository institution the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; (ii) a corporation organized under section 25A of the U.S. Federal Reserve Act of 1913; (iii) a branch, agency or commercial lending company of a foreign bank operating pursuant to approval by and under the supervision of the Board under 12 CFR part 211; (iv) a non-U.S. branch of a foreign bank managed and controlled by a U.S. branch referred to in clause (iii); or (v) any other U.S. or non-U.S. depository institution or any branch, agency or similar office thereof supervised by a bank regulatory authority in any jurisdiction.

Reimbursement Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.05(f).

Related Parties” means, with respect to any Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, controlling persons, trustees, administrators, managers, advisors and representatives of such Person and of each of such Person’s Affiliates and permitted successors and assigns of each of the foregoing.

Release” means any release, spill, emission, leaking, dumping, injection, pouring, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migration into or through the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) and including the environment within any building, or any occupied structure, facility or fixture.

Removal Effective Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.06.

Repricing Transaction” means (a) the incurrence by the Borrower or any Loan Guarantor of any Indebtedness in the form of term loans equal in right of payment to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations and secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Secured Obligations that are broadly syndicated to banks and other institutional investors (i) for the primary purpose (as reasonably determined by the Borrower) of reducing the Effective Yield for the respective Type of such Indebtedness to less than the Effective Yield for the Initial Term Loans of the respective equivalent Type, but excluding Indebtedness incurred in connection with (A) a Change of Control, (B) an IPO or (C) any material acquisition, merger or consolidation, material Investment or material Disposition and (ii) the proceeds of which are used to prepay (or, in the case of a conversion, deemed to prepay or replace), in whole or in part, outstanding principal of Initial Term Loans or (b) any amendment of this Agreement for the primary purpose of reducing the Effective Yield for the Initial Term Loans (e.g., by way of amendment, waiver or otherwise), except for a reduction in connection with (A) a Change of Control, (B) an IPO or (C) any material acquisition, merger or consolidation, material Investment or material Disposition. Any determination by the First Lien Administrative Agent with respect to whether a Repricing Transaction shall have occurred shall be conclusive and binding on all Lenders holding the Term Loans.

Required Additional Debt Terms” means with respect to any Indebtedness, (a) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date ), (b) such Indebtedness does not have mandatory redemption features (other than customary asset sale, insurance and condemnation proceeds events, change of control offers or events of default or, if term loans, excess cash flow prepayments applicable to periods before the Latest Maturity Date) that could result in redemptions of such Indebtedness prior to the Latest Maturity Date, (c) such Indebtedness is not guaranteed by any entity that is not a Loan Party, (d) if secured, such Indebtedness (i) is not secured by any assets other than Collateral and (ii) is subject to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or a Customary Intercreditor Agreement(s), as applicable and (e) the terms and conditions of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Agreement (when taken as a whole) are to the Lenders (unless (x) such terms or conditions are applicable only to periods after the Latest Maturity Date at such time or (y) the Lenders also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms and conditions) (together

 

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with, at the election of the Borrower, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default, guarantee or other provision is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required by the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of the Lenders if such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) also added or modified for the benefit of any corresponding Loans remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith, (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, in each case also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility hereunder (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility hereunder) or (iii) only applicable after the Latest Maturity Date at such time); provided that the conditions in clauses (a), (b) and (e) shall not apply to an ABL Facility; provided, further, that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent at least five (5) Business Days prior to the incurrence of such Indebtedness, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or drafts of the documentation relating thereto, stating that the Borrower has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement unless the First Lien Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower within such five (5) Business Day period that it disagrees with such determination (including a reasonable description of the basis upon which it disagrees).

Required Lenders” means, at any time, Lenders having Revolving Exposures, Term Loans and unused Revolving Commitments (other than Swingline Commitments) representing more than 50% of the aggregate Revolving Exposures, outstanding Term Loans and unused Revolving Commitments (other than Swingline Commitments) at such time; provided that to the extent set forth in Section 9.02 or Section 9.04 whenever there are one or more Defaulting Lenders, the total outstanding Term Loans and Revolving Exposures of, and the unused Commitments of, each Defaulting Lender shall be excluded for purposes of making a determination of Required Lenders.

Required Revolving Lenders” means, at any time, Revolving Lenders having Revolving Exposures and unused Commitments (exclusive of Swingline Commitments) representing more than 50.0% of the aggregate Revolving Exposures and unused Commitments (exclusive of Swingline Commitments) at such time; provided that to the extent set forth in Section 9.02 or Section 9.04 whenever there are one or more Defaulting Lenders, the total outstanding Revolving Exposures of, and the unused Revolving Commitments of, each Defaulting Lender, shall be excluded for purposes of making a determination of Required Revolving Lenders.

Requirements of Law” means, with respect to any Person, any statutes, laws, treaties, rules, regulations, statutory instruments, orders, decrees, writs, injunctions or determinations of any arbitrator or court or other Governmental Authority, in each case applicable to or binding upon such Person or any of its property or to which such Person or any of its property is subject.

Resignation Effective Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.06.

Responsible Officer” means the chief executive officer, president, vice president, chief financial officer, treasurer or assistant treasurer, or other similar officer, manager or a member of the Board of Directors of a Loan Party and with respect to certain limited liability companies or partnerships that do not have officers, any manager, sole member, managing member or general partner thereof, and as to any document delivered on the Effective Date or thereafter pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” any secretary or assistant secretary of a Loan Party. Any document delivered hereunder that is signed by a Responsible Officer of a Loan Party shall be conclusively presumed to have been authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership and/or other action on the part of such Loan Party and such Responsible Officer shall be conclusively presumed to have acted on behalf of such Loan Party.

Restricted Payment” means any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) with respect to any Equity Interests in the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, or any payment (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Equity Interests in the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or any option, warrant or other right to acquire any such Equity Interests in the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary.

 

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Restricted Prepayment Event” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(g).

Restricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of the Borrower other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

Retained Declined Proceeds” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(e).

Revolving Availability Period” means the period from and including the Effective Date to but excluding the earlier of the Revolving Maturity Date and the date of termination of the Revolving Commitments.

Revolving Commitment” means, with respect to each Lender, the commitment, if any, of such Lender to make Revolving Loans and to acquire participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans hereunder, expressed as an amount representing the maximum possible aggregate amount of such Lender’s Revolving Exposure hereunder, as such commitment may be (a) reduced from time to time pursuant to Section 2.08 and (b) reduced or increased from time to time pursuant to (i) assignments by or to such Lender pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption, Incremental Facility Amendment, (ii) a Refinancing Amendment, (iii) an Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase, (iv) a Loan Modification Agreement or (v) an Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitment. The initial amount of each Lender’s Revolving Commitment is set forth on Schedule 2.01(A) or, in each case, in the Assignment and Assumption, Loan Modification Agreement or Refinancing Amendment pursuant to which such Lender shall have assumed its Revolving Commitment, as the case may be. As of the Effective Date, the initial aggregate amount of the Lenders’ Revolving Commitments is $190,000,000.

Revolving Exposure” means, with respect to any Revolving Lender at any time, the sum of the outstanding principal amount of such Revolving Lender’s Revolving Loans and its LC Exposure and its Swingline Exposure at such time.

Revolving Facility” means at any time, the aggregate amount of Revolving Commitments at such time.

Revolving Lender” means a Lender with a Revolving Commitment or, if the Revolving Commitments have terminated or expired, a Lender with Revolving Exposure.

Revolving Loan” means a Loan made by a Revolving Lender pursuant to clause (b) of Section 2.01.

Revolving Maturity Date” means (i) December 13, 2024 (or if such day is not a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day) or (ii) with respect to any Revolving Lender that has extended its Revolving Commitment pursuant to a Permitted Amendment and with respect to any Issuing Bank that has consented to such extension, the extended maturity date set forth in any such Loan Modification Agreement.

S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC business, and any successor to its rating agency business.

Sanctions” means economic sanctions administered or enforced by the United States Government (including without limitation, sanctions enforced by OFAC).

Sanctioned Country” means, at any time, a country or territory which is the target of any comprehensive Sanctions (as of the date of this Agreement, the Crimea region of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Syria).

SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any of its principal functions.

 

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Second Lien Debt Documents” means the “Notes Documents” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Debt Document Obligations” means the “Notes Obligations” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Facilities” means the notes under the Second Lien Indenture on the Effective Date.

Second Lien Financing Transactions” means (a) the execution, delivery and performance by each Loan Party of the Second Lien Debt Documents to which it is to be a party and (b) the issuance of the Second Lien Notes thereunder and the use of proceeds thereof.

Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt” means the “Second Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Indenture” means the Indenture dated as of the Effective Date, by and among Holdings, the Borrower, each other Loan Party and the Second Lien Trustee.

Second Lien Notes” means the “Notes” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Trustee” means Wilmington Trust, National Association, in its capacity as trustee under the Second Lien Indenture and the other Second Lien Debt Documents, and its successors in such capacity as provided in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Lien Security Documents” means the “Security Documents” as such term is defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Secured Cash Management Obligations” means the due and punctual payment and performance of all obligations of Holdings, the Borrower and any Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of any overdraft and related liabilities arising from treasury, depository, cash pooling arrangements and cash management services, corporate credit and purchasing cards and related programs or any automated clearing house transfers of funds (collectively, “Cash Management Services”) provided to Holdings, the Borrower or any Subsidiary (whether absolute or contingent and howsoever and whenever created, arising, evidenced or acquired (including all renewals, extensions and modifications thereof and substitutions therefor)) that are (a) owed to the First Lien Administrative Agent, a Joint Lead Arranger, a Lender or any of their respective Affiliates, (b) owed on the Effective Date to a Person that is a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender as of the Effective Date or (c) owed to a Person that is an Agent, a Lender or an Affiliate of an Agent or Lender at the time such obligations are incurred.

Secured Obligations” means (a) the First Lien Loan Document Obligations, (b) the Secured Cash Management Obligations and (c) the Secured Swap Obligations (excluding with respect to any Loan Guarantor, Excluded Swap Obligations of such Loan Guarantor).

Secured Parties” means (a) each Lender, (b) each Issuing Bank, (c) the First Lien Administrative Agent, (d) the First Lien Collateral Agent, (e) each Joint Lead Arranger, (f) each Person to whom any Secured Cash Management Obligations are owed, (g) each counterparty to any Swap Agreement the obligations under which constitute Secured Swap Obligations, (h) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by any Loan Party under any First Lien Loan Document and (i) the permitted successors and assigns of each of the foregoing.

Secured Swap Obligations” means the due and punctual payment and performance of all obligations of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries under each Swap Agreement that (a) is with a counterparty that is the First Lien Administrative Agent, a Joint Lead Arranger, a Lender or any of their respective Affiliates, (b) is in effect on the Effective Date with a counterparty that is a Lender, an Agent or an Affiliate of a Lender or an Agent as of the Effective Date or (c) is entered into after the Effective Date with any counterparty that is a Lender, an Agent or an Affiliate of a Lender or an Agent at the time such Swap Agreement is entered into.

 

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Securitization Assets” means the accounts receivable, royalty and other similar rights to payment and any other assets related thereto subject to a Qualified Securitization Facility that are customarily sold or pledged in connection with securitization transactions and the proceeds thereof.

Securitization Facility” means any of one or more receivables securitization financing facilities as amended, supplemented, modified, extended, renewed, restated or refunded from time to time, the obligations of which are non-recourse (except for customary representations, warranties and indemnities made in connection with such facilities) to the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than a Securitization Subsidiary) pursuant to which the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary sells or grants a security interest in its accounts receivable or assets related thereto that are customarily sold or pledged in connection with securitization transactions to either (a) a Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary or (b) a Securitization Subsidiary that in turn sells its accounts receivable to a Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary.

Securitization Fees” means distributions or payments made directly or by means of discounts with respect to any participation interest issued or sold in connection with, and other fees paid to a Person that is not a Securitization Subsidiary in connection with, any Qualified Securitization Facility.

Securitization Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary formed for the purpose of, and that solely engages only in one or more Qualified Securitization Facilities and other activities reasonably related thereto.

Security Documents” means the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the Mortgages and each other security agreement or pledge agreement executed and delivered pursuant to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement or Sections 5.11, 5.12 or 5.14 to secure any of the Secured Obligations.

Senior Notes” means the $450,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 6.500% Senior Notes due 2023 issued by the Borrower (formerly Sterigenics-Nordion Holdings, LLC) pursuant to the indenture dated as of May 15, 2015 among the Borrower, the guarantors named on the signature pages thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee.

Senior Representative” means, with respect to any series of Indebtedness permitted by this Agreement to be secured by the Collateral on a pari passu or junior basis with the Secured Obligations, the trustee, administrative agent, collateral agent, security agent or similar agent under the indenture or agreement pursuant to which such Indebtedness is issued, incurred or otherwise obtained, as the case may be, and each of their successors in such capacities.

Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Senior Secured First Lien Net Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period.

Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Senior Secured Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently completed Test Period.

Settlement” means the transfer of cash or other property with respect to any credit or debit card charge, check or other instrument, electronic funds transfer, or other type of paper-based or electronic payment, transfer, or charge transaction for which a Person acts as a processor, remitter, funds recipient or funds transmitter in the ordinary course of its business.

Settlement Asset” means any cash, receivable or other property, including a Settlement Receivable, due or conveyed to a Person in consideration for a Settlement made or arranged, or to be made or arranged, by such Person or an Affiliate of such Person.

Settlement Indebtedness” means any payment or reimbursement obligation in respect of a Settlement Payment.

 

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Settlement Lien” means any Lien relating to any Settlement or Settlement Indebtedness (and may include, for the avoidance of doubt, the grant of a Lien in or other assignment of a Settlement Asset in consideration of a Settlement Payment, Liens securing intraday and overnight overdraft and automated clearing house exposure, and similar Liens).

Settlement Payment” means the transfer, or contractual undertaking (including by automated clearing house transaction) to effect a transfer, of cash or other property to effect a Settlement.

Settlement Receivable” means any general intangible, payment intangible, or instrument representing or reflecting an obligation to make payments to or for the benefit of a Person in consideration for a Settlement made or arranged, or to be made or arranged, by such Person.

Sold Entity or Business” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of the term “Consolidated EBITDA.”

Solicited Discount Proration” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(3).

Solicited Discounted Prepayment Amount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(1).

Solicited Discounted Prepayment Notice” means an irrevocable written notice of a Borrower Solicitation of Discounted Prepayment Offers made pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D) substantially in the form of Exhibit K.

Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer” means the irrevocable written offer by each Term Lender, substantially in the form of Exhibit L, submitted following the First Lien Administrative Agent’s receipt of a Solicited Discounted Prepayment Notice.

Solicited Discounted Prepayment Response Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D)(1).

Specified Discount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(B)(1).

Specified Discount Prepayment Amount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(B)(1).

Specified Discount Prepayment Notice” means an irrevocable written notice of the Borrower of Specified Discount Prepayment made pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(ii)(B) substantially in the form of Exhibit G.

Specified Discount Prepayment Response” means the irrevocable written response by each Term Lender, substantially in the form of Exhibit H, to a Specified Discount Prepayment Notice.

Specified Discount Prepayment Response Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(B)(1).

Specified Discount Proration” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(B)(3).

Specified Event of Default” means an Event of Default under Section 7.01(a), (b), (h) or (i).

Specified Transaction” means, with respect to any period, any Investment, sale, transfer or other disposition of assets, incurrence or repayment of Indebtedness, Restricted Payment, subsidiary designation, New Project or other event that by the terms of the First Lien Loan Documents requires “Pro Forma Compliance” with a test or covenant hereunder or requires such test or covenant to be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto.

 

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Sponsor” means Warburg Pincus LLC, GTCR LLC and each of their respective Affiliates, but not including, however, any portfolio companies of the foregoing.

Spot Rate” means, on any day, with respect to any currency other than Dollars (for purposes of determining the Dollar Amount thereof) or Dollars (for purposes of determining the Alternative Currency Equivalent thereof), the rate at which such currency may be exchanged into Dollars or the applicable Alternative Currency, as the case may be, as set forth at approximately 11:00 a.m., New York City time, two (2) Business Days prior to such date on the applicable Bloomberg Key Cross Currency Rates Page. In the event that any such rate does not appear on any Bloomberg Key Cross Currency Rates Page, the Spot Rate shall be determined by reference to such other publicly available service for displaying exchange rates selected by the First Lien Administrative Agent for such purpose, or, at the discretion of the First Lien Administrative Agent, such Spot Rate shall instead be the arithmetic average of the spot rates of exchange of the First Lien Administrative Agent in the market where its foreign currency exchange operations in respect of such currency are then being conducted, at or about 10:00 a.m., local time in such market, two (2) Business Days prior to such date for the purchase of Dollars or the applicable Alternative Currency, as the case may be, for delivery two (2) Business Days later; provided that, if at the time of any such determination, for any reason, no such spot rate is being quoted, the First Lien Administrative Agent may use any other reasonable method it deems appropriate to determine such rate, and such determination shall be presumed correct absent manifest error.

Starter Basket” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Available Amount.”

Statutory Reserve Rate” means a fraction (expressed as a decimal), the numerator of which is the number one and the denominator of which is the number one minus the aggregate of the maximum reserve, liquid asset or similar percentages (including any marginal, special, emergency or supplemental reserves) expressed as a decimal established by any Governmental Authority of the United States. Such reserve, liquid asset or similar percentages shall include those imposed pursuant to Regulation D of the Board of Governors. Eurodollar Loans shall be deemed to be subject to such reserve, liquid asset or similar requirements without benefit of or credit for proration, exemptions or offsets that may be available from time to time to any Lender under Regulation D of the Board of Governors or any other Requirements of Law. The Statutory Reserve Rate shall be adjusted automatically on and as of the effective date of any change in any reserve percentage.

Sterling” and “£” mean the lawful currency for the time being of the United Kingdom.

Submitted Amount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(1).

Submitted Discount” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.11(a)(ii)(C)(1).

subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person (the “parent”) at any date, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity the accounts of which would be consolidated with those of the parent in the parent’s consolidated financial statements if such financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity (a) of which securities or other ownership interests representing more than 50% of the equity or more than 50% of the ordinary voting power or, in the case of a partnership, more than 50% of the general partnership interests are, as of such date, owned, Controlled or held (unless parent does not Control such entity), or (b) that is, as of such date, otherwise Controlled, by the parent or one or more subsidiaries of the parent or by the parent and one or more subsidiaries of the parent.

Subsidiary” means any subsidiary of the Borrower (unless otherwise specified).

Subsidiary Loan Party” means each Subsidiary of the Borrower that is a party to the First Lien Guarantee Agreement.

Successor Borrower” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.03(a)(iv).

 

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Swap Agreement” means (a) any and all rate swap transactions, basis swaps, credit derivative transactions, forward rate transactions, commodity swaps, commodity options, forward commodity contracts, equity or equity index swaps or options, bond or bond price or bond index swaps or options or forward bond or forward bond price or forward bond index transactions, interest rate options, forward foreign exchange transactions, cap transactions, floor transactions, collar transactions, currency swap transactions, cross-currency rate swap transactions, currency options, spot contracts, or any other similar transactions or any combination of any of the foregoing (including any options to enter into any of the foregoing), whether or not any such transaction is governed by or subject to any master agreement, and (b) any and all transactions of any kind, and the related confirmations, which are subject to the terms and conditions of, or governed by, any form of master agreement published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., any International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement, or any other master agreement (any such master agreement, together with any related schedules, a “Master Agreement”), including any such obligations or liabilities under any Master Agreement.

Swingline Commitment” means the commitment of the Swingline Lender to make Swingline Loans up to an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $35,000,000.

Swingline Exposure” means, at any time, the aggregate principal amount of all Swingline Loans outstanding at such time. The Swingline Exposure of any Revolving Lender at any time shall be its Applicable Percentage of the aggregate Swingline Exposure at such time.

Swingline Lender” means (a) the First Lien Administrative Agent, (b) JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and (c) each Revolving Lender that shall have become a Swingline Lender hereunder as provided in Section 2.04(d) (other than any Person that shall have ceased to be a Swingline Lender as provided in Section 2.04(e)), each in its capacity as a lender of Swingline Loans hereunder.

Swingline Loan” means a Loan made pursuant to Section 2.04.

TARGET Day” means any day on which the Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer (TARGET) payment system (or, if such payment system ceases to be operative, such other payment system (if any) determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent to be a suitable replacement) is open for the settlement of payments in Euros.

Tax Distributions” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.07(a)(vii)(A).

Tax Group” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.07(a)(vii)(A).

Taxes” means any and all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, charges or withholdings imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

Term Commitment” means, with respect to each Lender, the commitment, if any, of such Lender to make a Term Loan hereunder on the Effective Date, expressed as an amount representing the maximum principal amount of the Term Loan to be made by such Lender hereunder, as such commitment may be (a) reduced from time to time pursuant to Section 2.08 and (b) reduced or increased from time to time pursuant to (i) assignments by or to such Lender pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption, (ii) a Refinancing Amendment, (iii) an Incremental Facility Amendment in respect of any Term Loans or (iv) a Loan Modification Agreement. The amount of each Lender’s Term Commitment as of the Effective Date is set forth on Schedule 2.01 or in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Lender shall have assumed its Term Commitment, Incremental Facility Amendment, Loan Modification Agreement or Refinancing Amendment, as the case may be. As of the Effective Date, the total Term Commitment is $2,120,000,000.00.

Term Lender” means a Lender with a Term Commitment or an outstanding Term Loan.

Term Loans” means Initial Term Loans, Other First Lien Term Loans and First Lien Incremental Term Loans, as the context requires.

 

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Term Maturity Date” means (i) December 13, 2026 (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day) or (ii), with respect to any Term Lender that has the maturity date of its Term Loans pursuant to a Permitted Amendment, the extended maturity date set forth in any such Loan Modification Agreement.

Termination Date” means the date on which all Commitments have expired or been terminated, all Secured Obligations have been paid in full in cash (other than (x) Secured Swap Obligations not yet due and payable, (y) Secured Cash Management Obligations not yet due and payable and (z) contingent indemnification obligations not yet accrued and payable) and all Letters of Credit have expired or been terminated (other than Letters of Credit that have been cash collateralized or backstopped in an amount, by an institution and otherwise pursuant to arrangements reasonably satisfactory to the applicable Issuing Bank).

Test Period” means, at any date of determination, (x) for the purposes of (i) the definition of “Applicable Rate”, (ii) the definition of “Commitment Fee Percentage”, (iii) Section 2.11(d) and (iv) Section 6.11, the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of the Borrower then last ended as of such time for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or (b) and (y) for all other purposes in this Agreement, the most recent period of twelve consecutive months of the Borrower ended on or prior to such time, in respect of which the financial information necessary to calculate the relevant ratio is internally available.

Total Net Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio, on a Pro Forma Basis, of (a) Consolidated Total Net Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period.

Trademark” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

Transaction Costs” means all fees, costs and expenses incurred or payable by Holdings, the Borrower or any other Subsidiary in connection with the Transactions.

Transactions” means (a) the First Lien Financing Transactions and the Second Lien Financing Transactions, (b) the Refinancing and (c) the payment of the Transaction Costs.

Type,” when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether the rate of interest on such Loan, or on the Loans comprising such Borrowing, is determined by reference to the Adjusted LIBO Rate, Adjusted BA Rate, Adjusted EURIBOR, Alternate Base Rate or Canadian Base Rate.

UCC” or “Uniform Commercial Code” means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time in the State of New York; provided, however, that, at any time, if by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the perfection or priority of the First Lien Collateral Agent’s security interest in any item or portion of the Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a U.S. jurisdiction other than the State of New York, the term “UCC” and “Uniform Commercial Code” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect, at such time, in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection or priority and for purposes of definitions relating to such provisions.

UCP” means, with respect to any commercial Letter of Credit, the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, as most recently published by the International Chamber of Commerce, in its Publication No. 600 (or such later version thereof as may be reasonably acceptable to the applicable Issuing Bank and in effect at the time of issuance of such Letter of Credit). On an exception basis and if specifically requested by the Borrower, a standby Letter of Credit may be issued subject to UCP.

Undisclosed Administration” means, in relation to a Lender or its direct or indirect parent company, the appointment of an administrator, provisional liquidator, conservator, receiver, trustee, custodian, or other similar official by a supervisory authority or regulator under or based on the law in the country where such Lender or such parent company is subject to home jurisdiction, if applicable law requires that such appointment not be disclosed.

 

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United States Tax Compliance Certificate” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.17(f)(ii)(C).

Unrestricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary designated by the Borrower as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to Section 5.13 subsequent to the Effective Date.

USA PATRIOT Act” means the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, as amended from time to time.

Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing: (a) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (i) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, by (ii) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by (b) the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness.

Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary that is a Wholly Owned Subsidiary.

Wholly Owned Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person at any date, a subsidiary of such Person of which securities or other ownership interests representing 100% of the Equity Interests (other than (a) directors’ qualifying shares and (b) nominal shares issued to foreign nationals to the extent required by applicable Requirements of Law) are, as of such date, owned, controlled or held by such Person or one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person.

Withdrawal Liability” means liability to a Multiemployer Plan as a result of a complete or partial withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan, as such terms are defined in Part I of Subtitle E of Title IV of ERISA.

Write-Down and Conversion Powers” means, with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule.

SECTION 1.02 Classification of Loans and Borrowings.

For purposes of this Agreement, Loans and Borrowings may be classified and referred to by Class (e.g., a “Revolving Loan”) or by Type (e.g., a “Eurodollar Loan” or “ABR Loan”) or by Class and Type (e.g., a “Eurodollar Revolving Loan”). Borrowings also may be classified and referred to by Class (e.g., a “Revolving Borrowing” or “Term Borrowing”) or by Type (e.g., a “Eurodollar Borrowing”) or by Class and Type (e.g., a “Eurodollar Revolving Borrowing”). Borrowings of Revolving Loans are sometimes referred to herein as “Revolving Borrowings”.

SECTION 1.03 Terms Generally.

The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.” The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.” Unless the context requires otherwise, (a) any definition of or reference to any agreement (including this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents), instrument or other document herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, restatements, supplements or other modifications set forth herein), (b) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns (subject to any restrictions on assignment set forth herein) and, in the case of any Governmental Authority, any other Governmental Authority that shall have succeeded to any or all functions thereof, (c) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to

 

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any particular provision hereof, (d) all references herein to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, this Agreement and (e) the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights.

SECTION 1.04 Accounting Terms; GAAP.

(a) All accounting terms not specifically or completely defined herein shall be construed in conformity with, and all financial data (including financial ratios and other financial calculations) required to be submitted pursuant to this Agreement shall be prepared in conformity with, GAAP, applied in a manner consistent with that used in preparing the Audited Financial Statements, except as otherwise specifically prescribed herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all obligations of Holdings, the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries that are or would have been treated as operating leases for purposes of GAAP prior to the issuance on February 25, 2016 of the ASU shall continue to be accounted for as operating leases for purposes of all financial definitions and calculations for purposes of the Loan Documents (whether or not such operating lease obligations were in effect on such date) notwithstanding the fact that such obligations are required in accordance with the ASU (on a prospective or retroactive basis or otherwise) to be treated as capitalized lease obligations in the financial statements to be delivered pursuant to the Loan Documents.

(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, for purposes of determining compliance with any test contained in this Agreement, the Total Net Leverage Ratio, the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio, the Interest Coverage Ratio and any other financial ratio or test shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis, including to give effect to all Specified Transactions that have been made during the applicable period of measurement or subsequent to such period and prior to or simultaneously with the event for which the calculation is made, and in making any determination on a Pro Forma Basis, such calculations shall be made in good faith by a Financial Officer and shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

SECTION 1.05 Effectuation of Transactions.

All references herein to Holdings, the Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries shall be deemed to be references to such Persons, and all the representations and warranties of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and the other Loan Parties contained in this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents shall be deemed made, in each case, after giving effect to the Transactions to occur on the Effective Date, unless the context otherwise requires.

SECTION 1.06 Limited Condition Transactions.

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or any First Lien Loan Document to the contrary, when calculating any applicable ratio, the amount or availability of the Incremental Cap, the amount or availability of the Available Amount or any other basket based on Consolidated EBITDA or total assets, or determining other compliance with this Agreement (including the determination of compliance with any provision of this Agreement which requires that no Default or Event of Default has occurred, is continuing or would result therefrom) in connection with the consummation of a Limited Condition Transaction, the date of determination of such ratio, the amount or availability of the Incremental Cap, the amount or availability of the Available Amount or any other basket based on Consolidated EBITDA or total assets, and determination of whether any Default or Event of Default has occurred, is continuing or would result therefrom or other applicable covenant shall, at the option of the Borrower (the Borrower’s election to exercise such option in connection with any Limited Condition Transaction, an “LCT Election”), be deemed to be the date the definitive agreements for such Limited Condition Transaction are entered into (or, in respect of any transaction described in clause (b) of the definition of Limited Condition Transaction, delivery of irrevocable notice or similar event) (the “LCT Test Date”) and if, after such ratios and other provisions are measured on a Pro Forma Basis after giving effect to such Limited Condition Transaction and the other Specified Transactions to be entered into in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) as if they occurred at the beginning of the applicable Test Period ending prior to the LCT Test Date, the Borrower could have taken such action on the relevant LCT Test Date in compliance with such ratios and provisions, such provisions shall be deemed to have been complied with; provided that at the option of the Borrower, the relevant ratios and baskets may be recalculated at the time of consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction. For the avoidance of doubt, (x) if

 

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any of such ratios or baskets are exceeded (or, with respect to the Interest Coverage Ratio, not reached) as a result of fluctuations in such ratio or basket (including due to fluctuations in Consolidated EBITDA of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries or fluctuations of the target of any Limited Condition Transaction) at or prior to the consummation of the relevant Limited Condition Transaction, such ratios and other provisions will not be deemed to have been exceeded (or, with respect to the Interest Coverage Ratio, not reached) as a result of such fluctuations solely for purposes of determining whether the Limited Condition Transaction is permitted hereunder and (y) such ratios and other provisions shall not be tested at the time of consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction or related Specified Transactions. If the Borrower has made an LCT Election for any Limited Condition Transaction, then in connection with any subsequent calculation of any ratio or basket availability with respect to any other Specified Transaction on or following the relevant LCT Test Date and prior to the earlier of the date on which such Limited Condition Transaction is consummated or the date that the definitive agreement for such Limited Condition Transaction is terminated or expires without consummation of such Limited Condition Transaction (or, if applicable, the irrevocable notice or similar event is terminated or expires), any such ratio or basket shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis assuming such Limited Condition Transaction and other transactions in connection therewith (including any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof) have been consummated until such time as the applicable Limited Condition Transaction has actually closed or the definitive agreement with respect thereto has been terminated or expires.

SECTION 1.07 Certain Determinations.

(a) For purposes of determining compliance with any of the covenants set forth in Article V or Article VI (including in connection with any First Lien Incremental Facility) at any time (whether at the time of incurrence or thereafter), any Lien, Investment, Indebtedness, Restricted Payment, Disposition or Affiliate transaction meets the criteria of one, or more than one, of the categories permitted pursuant to Article V or Article VI (including in connection with any First Lien Incremental Facility), the Borrower (i) shall in its sole discretion determine under which category such Lien (other than Liens securing the Secured Obligations and the Liens securing the Permitted Second Priority Debt incurred on the Effective Date), Investment, Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness incurred under the First Lien Loan Documents and the Permitted Second Priority Debt incurred under the Second Lien Loan Documents on the Effective Date), Disposition, Restricted Payment or Affiliate transaction (or, in each case, any portion there) is permitted and (ii) shall be permitted, in its sole discretion, to make any redetermination and/or to divide, classify or reclassify under which category or categories such Lien, Investment, Indebtedness, Disposition, Restricted Payment or Affiliate transaction is permitted from time to time as it may determine and without notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender, so long as at the time of such redesignation the Borrower would be permitted to incur such Lien, Investment, Indebtedness or Restricted Payment under such category or categories, as applicable. For the avoidance of doubt, if the applicable date for meeting any requirement hereunder or under any other First Lien Loan Document falls on a day that is not a Business Day, compliance with such requirement shall not be required until noon on the first Business Day following such applicable date.

(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, with respect to any amounts incurred or transactions entered into (or consummated) in reliance on a provision of this Agreement that does not require compliance with a financial ratio or test (including, without limitation, any Total Net Leverage Ratio, Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio, Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio and/or Interest Coverage Ratio) (any such amounts, the “Fixed Amounts”) substantially concurrently with any amounts incurred or transactions entered into (or consummated) in reliance on a provision of this Agreement that requires compliance with any such financial ratio or test (any such amounts, the “Incurrence Based Amounts”), it is understood and agreed that the Fixed Amounts (and any cash proceeds thereof) shall be disregarded in the calculation of the financial ratio or test applicable to the Incurrence Based Amounts in connection with such substantially concurrent incurrence, except that incurrences of Indebtedness and Liens constituting Fixed Amounts shall be taken into account for purposes of Incurrence Based Amounts other than Incurrence Based Amounts contained in Section 6.01 or Section 6.02.

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Form Intercreditor Agreements shall be deemed to be reasonable and acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Lenders, and the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall be deemed to have consented to the use of each such Form Intercreditor Agreement (and to the First Lien Administrative Agent’s execution thereof) in connection with any Indebtedness secured by the Collateral that is permitted to be incurred, issued and/or assumed by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to Section 6.01 and Section 6.02.

 

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SECTION 1.08 Additional Alternative Currencies.

(a) The Borrower may from time to time request that Eurodollar Revolving Loans be made and/or Letters of Credit be issued in a currency other than Dollars or those specifically listed in the definition of “Alternative Currency.” In the case of any such request with respect to the making of Eurodollar Revolving Loans, such request shall be subject to the approval of the First Lien Administrative Agent and all of the Revolving Lenders. In the case of any such request with respect to the issuance of Letters of Credit, such request shall be subject to the approval of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the applicable Issuing Bank and all of the Revolving Lenders.

(b) Any such request shall be made to the First Lien Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. (New York City time), ten (10) Business Days prior to the date of the desired Revolving Borrowing or issuance of Letters of Credit (or such other time or date as may be agreed to by the First Lien Administrative Agent and, in the case of any such request pertaining to Letters of Credit, each Issuing Bank, in its or their sole discretion). In the case of any such request pertaining to Eurodollar Revolving Loans, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Revolving Lender thereof. In the case of any such request pertaining to Letters of Credit, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the applicable Issuing Bank thereof. Each Revolving Lender (in the case of any such request pertaining to Eurodollar Revolving Loans) or each Issuing Bank (in the case of a request pertaining to Letters of Credit) shall notify the First Lien Administrative Agent, not later than 11:00 a.m. (New York City time), two (2) Business Days after its receipt of such request as to whether it consents, in its sole discretion, to the making of Eurodollar Revolving Loans or the issuance of Letters of Credit, as the case may be, in such requested currency.

(c) Any failure by a Revolving Lender or an Issuing Bank, as the case may be, to respond to such request within the time period specified in the last sentence of clause (b) above shall be deemed to be a refusal by such Revolving Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, to permit Eurodollar Revolving Loans to be made or Letters of Credit to be issued in such requested currency. If the First Lien Administrative Agent and all the Revolving Lenders consent to making Eurodollar Revolving Loans in such requested currency, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall so notify the Borrower and such currency shall thereupon be deemed for all purposes to be an Alternative Currency hereunder for purposes of any Borrowings of Eurodollar Revolving Loans. If the First Lien Administrative Agent and each Issuing Bank consent to the issuance of Letters of Credit in such requested currency, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall so notify the Borrower and such currency shall thereupon be deemed for all purposes to be an Alternative Currency hereunder for purposes of any Letter of Credit issuances. If the First Lien Administrative Agent shall fail to obtain consent to any request for an additional currency under this Section 1.08, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall promptly so notify the Borrower.

SECTION 1.09 Currency Equivalents Generally.

(a) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall determine the Spot Rates as of each LC Revaluation Date to be used for calculating Dollar Amounts of a Borrowing or an issuance of any Letter of Credit or extension, renewal or increase of the amount thereof and any amounts outstanding hereunder denominated in Alternative Currencies. Such Spot Rates shall become effective as of such LC Revaluation Date and shall be the Spot Rates employed in converting any amounts between the applicable currencies until the next LC Revaluation Date to occur. Except as set forth in this Agreement (including Article IX), the applicable amount of any currency (other than Dollars) for purposes of the First Lien Loan Documents shall be such Dollar Amount as so determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Issuing Bank, as applicable.

(b) Wherever in this Agreement in connection with a Borrowing, conversion, continuation or prepayment of a Eurodollar Loan or the issuance, amendment or extension of a Letter of Credit, an amount, such as a required minimum or multiple amount, is expressed in Dollars, but such Borrowing, Eurodollar Loan or Letter of Credit is denominated in an Alternative Currency, such amount shall be the relevant Alternative Currency Equivalent of such Dollar Amount (rounded to the nearest unit of such Alternative Currency, with 0.5 of a unit being rounded upward), as determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent or the applicable Issuing Bank, as the case may be.

 

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SECTION 1.10 Change in Currency.

(a) Each obligation of the Borrower to make a payment denominated in the national currency unit of any member state of the European Union that adopts the Euro as its lawful currency after the date hereof shall be redenominated into Euros at the time of such adoption (in accordance with the EMU Legislation). If, in relation to the currency of any such member state, the basis of accrual of interest expressed in this Agreement in respect of that currency shall be inconsistent with any convention or practice in the London interbank market for the basis of accrual of interest in respect of the Euro, such expressed basis shall be replaced by such convention or practice with effect from the date on which such member state adopts the Euro as its lawful currency; provided that if any Revolving Borrowing in the currency of such member state is outstanding immediately prior to such date, such replacement shall take effect, with respect to such Borrowing, at the end of the then current Interest Period.

(b) Each provision of this Agreement shall be subject to such reasonable changes of construction as the First Lien Administrative Agent may from time to time specify to be necessary to reflect the adoption of the Euro by any member state of the European Union and any relevant market conventions or practices relating to the Euro.

(c) Each provision of this Agreement also shall be subject to such reasonable changes of construction as the First Lien Administrative Agent may from time to time specify to be necessary to reflect a change in currency of any other country and any relevant market conventions or practices relating to the change in currency.

SECTION 1.11 Divisions.

Any reference herein to a merger, transfer, consolidation, amalgamation, assignment, sale, disposition or transfer, or similar term, shall be deemed to apply to a division of or by a limited liability company or other Person, or an allocation of assets to a series of a limited liability company or other Person (or the unwinding of such a division or allocation) (any such transaction, a “Division”), as if it were a merger, transfer, consolidation, amalgamation, assignment, sale, disposition or transfer, or similar term, as applicable, to, of or with a separate Person. Any Division of a limited liability company or other Person shall constitute a separate Person hereunder (and each Division of any limited liability company or other Person that is a Subsidiary, Restricted Subsidiary, Unrestricted Subsidiary, joint venture or any other like term shall also constitute such a Person or entity).

ARTICLE II

THE CREDITS

SECTION 2.01 Commitments.

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, (a) each Term Lender agrees to make Term Loans to the Borrower on the Effective Date denominated in Dollars in a principal amount not exceeding such Term Lender’s Term Commitment and (b) each Revolving Lender agrees to make Revolving Loans of the applicable Class to the Borrower denominated in Dollars or an Alternative Currency, from time to time during the Revolving Availability Period in an aggregate principal amount which will not result in such Revolving Lender’s Revolving Exposure of such Class exceeding such Revolving Lender’s Revolving Commitment of such Class. Within the foregoing limits and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Borrower may borrow, prepay and reborrow Revolving Loans. Amounts repaid or prepaid in respect of Term Loans may not be reborrowed.

SECTION 2.02 Loans and Borrowings.

(a) Each (i) Loan (other than a Swingline Loan) shall be made as part of a Borrowing consisting of Loans of the same Class and Type made by the Lenders ratably in accordance with their respective Commitments of the applicable Class and (ii) Revolving Loan shall be made by the Revolving Lenders ratably in accordance with their respective Revolving Commitments. The failure of any Lender to make any Loan required to be made by it shall not relieve any other Lender of its obligations hereunder, provided that the Commitments of the Lenders are several and other than as expressly provided herein with respect to a Defaulting Lender, no Lender shall be responsible for any other Lender’s failure to make Loans as required hereby.

 

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(b) Subject to Section 2.14, each Revolving Borrowing and Term Borrowing shall be comprised entirely of ABR Loans or Eurodollar Loans as the Borrower may request in accordance herewith; provided that all Borrowings made on the Effective Date must be made as ABR Borrowings unless the Borrower shall have given the notice required for a Eurodollar Borrowing under Section 2.03 and provided an indemnity letter extending the benefits of Section 2.16 to Lenders in respect of such Borrowings. Revolving Loans denominated in (i) Dollars or Canadian Dollars may be ABR Loans or Eurodollar Loans and (ii) any Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars) shall be Eurodollar Loans. Each Lender at its option may make any Loan by causing any domestic or foreign branch or Affiliate of such Lender to make such Loan; provided that any exercise of such option shall not affect the obligation of the Borrower to repay such Loan in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

(c) At the commencement of each Interest Period for any Eurodollar Borrowing, such Borrowing shall be in an aggregate amount that is an integral multiple of the Borrowing Multiple and not less than the Borrowing Minimum; provided that a Eurodollar Borrowing that results from a continuation of an outstanding Eurodollar Borrowing may be in an aggregate amount that is equal to such outstanding Borrowing. At the time that each ABR Borrowing is made, such Borrowing shall be in an aggregate amount that is an integral multiple of the Borrowing Multiple and not less than the Borrowing Minimum. Each Swingline Loan shall be in an amount that is an integral multiple of the Borrowing Multiple and not less than the Borrowing Minimum. Borrowings of more than one Type and Class may be outstanding at the same time; provided that there shall not at any time be more than a total of twelve Eurodollar Borrowings outstanding. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an ABR Revolving Borrowing of the applicable Class or a Swingline Loan may be in an aggregate amount equal to the entire unused balance of the aggregate Revolving Commitments of such Class or that is required to finance the reimbursement of an LC Disbursement as contemplated by Section 2.05(f).

SECTION 2.03 Requests for Borrowings.

To request a Revolving Borrowing or Term Borrowing, the Borrower shall notify the First Lien Administrative Agent of such request by telephone (a) in the case of a Eurodollar Borrowing, not later than 2:00 p.m., New York City time (or London, England time in the case of any Eurodollar Revolving Borrowing in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars)), three (3) Business Days before the date of the proposed Borrowing (or, in the case of any Eurodollar Borrowing to be made on the Effective Date, one (1) Business Day) or (b) in the case of an ABR Borrowing, not later than 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the date of the proposed Borrowing. Each such telephonic Borrowing Request shall be irrevocable and shall be confirmed promptly by hand delivery or facsimile to the First Lien Administrative Agent of a written Borrowing Request signed by the Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit Q. Each such telephonic and written Borrowing Request shall specify the following information:

(i) whether the requested Borrowing is to be a Revolving Borrowing, a Term Borrowing or a Borrowing of any other Class (specifying the Class thereof);

(ii) the aggregate amount of such Borrowing;

(iii) the date of such Borrowing, which shall be a Business Day;

(iv) whether such Borrowing is to be an ABR Borrowing or a Eurodollar Borrowing;

(v) in the case of a Eurodollar Borrowing, the initial Interest Period to be applicable thereto, which shall be a period contemplated by the definition of the term “Interest Period”;

(vi) the location and number of the Borrower’s account or accounts to which funds are to be disbursed, which shall comply with the requirements of Section 2.06, or, in the case of any ABR Revolving Borrowing or Swingline Loan requested to finance the reimbursement of an LC Disbursement as provided in Section 2.05(f), the identity of the Issuing Bank that made such LC Disbursement;

 

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(vii) that as of the date of such Borrowing, the conditions set forth in Sections 4.02(a) and 4.02(b) are satisfied; and

(viii) in the case of a Revolving Borrowing, the currency in which such Borrowing is to be denominated and, if such Borrowing is to be denominated in Canadian Dollars, whether such Borrowing is of both Classes of Revolving Loans or only the Revolving Loans.

If no election as to the Type of Borrowing is specified as to any requested Borrowing in Dollars or Canadian Dollars, then the requested Borrowing shall be an ABR Borrowing. If no Interest Period is specified with respect to any requested Eurodollar Borrowing, then the Borrower shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month’s duration. If no currency is specified with respect to any requested Eurodollar Borrowing, then the Borrower shall be deemed to have requested that the Borrowing be denominated in Dollars. Promptly following receipt of a Borrowing Request in accordance with this Section 2.03, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall advise each Lender of the applicable Class of the details thereof and of the amount of such Lender’s Loan to be made as part of the requested Borrowing.

SECTION 2.04 Swingline Loans.

(a) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein (including Section 2.22), in reliance upon the agreements of the other Lenders set forth in this Section 2.04, the Swingline Lender agrees to make Swingline Loans to the Borrower from time to time during the Revolving Availability Period denominated in Dollars, in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding that will not result in (i) the outstanding Swingline Loans of the Swingline Lender exceeding its Swingline Commitment or (ii) the aggregate Revolving Exposures exceeding the aggregate Revolving Commitments, provided that the Swingline Lender shall not be required to make a Swingline Loan to refinance an outstanding Swingline Loan. Within the foregoing limits and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Borrower may borrow, prepay and re-borrow Swingline Loans.

(b) To request a Swingline Loan, the Borrower shall notify the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Swingline Lender of such request by telephone (confirmed in writing) or facsimile (confirmed by telephone), not later than 2:00 p.m., New York City time on the day of such proposed Swingline Loan. Each such notice shall be irrevocable and shall specify the requested date (which shall be a Business Day), the amount of the requested Swingline Loan and (x) if the funds are not to be credited to a general deposit account of the Borrower maintained with the Swingline Lender because the Borrower is unable to maintain a general deposit account with the Swingline Lender under applicable Requirements of Law, the location and number of the Borrower’s account to which funds are to be disbursed, which shall comply with Section 2.06, or (y) in the case of any ABR Revolving Borrowing or Swingline Loan requested to finance the reimbursement of an LC Disbursement as provided in Section 2.05(f), the identity of the Issuing Bank that made such LC Disbursement. The Swingline Lender shall make each Swingline Loan available to the Borrower by means of a credit to the general deposit accounts of the Borrower maintained with the Swingline Lender for the applicable Swingline Loan (or, in the case of a Swingline Loan made to finance the reimbursement of an LC Disbursement as provided in Section 2.05(f), by remittance to the applicable Issuing Bank) by 3:00 p.m., New York City time, on the requested date of such Swingline Loan. No Swingline Lender shall be under any obligation to make a Swingline Loan if any Lender is at that time a Defaulting Lender, if after giving effect to Section 2.22(a)(iv), any Defaulting Lender Fronting Exposure remains outstanding.

(c) The Swingline Lender may by written notice given to the First Lien Administrative Agent not later than 1:00 p.m., New York City time, on any Business Day require the Revolving Lenders to acquire participations on such Business Day in all or a portion of the Swingline Loans outstanding. Such notice shall specify the aggregate amount of Swingline Loans in which Revolving Lenders will participate. Promptly upon receipt of such notice, the First Lien Administrative Agent will give notice thereof to each Revolving Lender, specifying in such notice such Lender’s Applicable Percentage of such Swingline Loan or Swingline Loans. Each Revolving Lender hereby absolutely and unconditionally agrees, upon receipt of notice as provided above, to pay to the First Lien Administrative Agent, for the account of the Swingline Lender, such Lender’s Applicable Percentage of such Swingline Loan or Swingline Loans. Each Revolving Lender acknowledges and agrees that its obligation to acquire participations in Swingline Loans pursuant to this paragraph is absolute and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance whatsoever, including the occurrence and continuance of a Default or any reduction or termination of the Revolving Commitments, and that each such payment shall be made without any offset, abatement,

 

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withholding or reduction whatsoever. Each Revolving Lender shall comply with its obligation under this paragraph by wire transfer of immediately available funds, in the same manner as provided in Section 2.06 with respect to Loans made by such Lender (with references to 12:00 noon, New York City time, in such Section being deemed to be references to 3:00 p.m., New York City time) (and Section 2.06 shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to the payment obligations of the Revolving Lenders pursuant to this paragraph), and the First Lien Administrative Agent shall promptly remit to the Swingline Lender the amounts so received by it from the Revolving Lenders. The First Lien Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower of any participations in any Swingline Loan acquired pursuant to this paragraph, and thereafter payments in respect of such Swingline Loan shall be made to the First Lien Administrative Agent and not to the Swingline Lender. Any amounts received by the Swingline Lender from the Borrower (or other Person on behalf of the Borrower) in respect of a Swingline Loan after receipt by the Swingline Lender of the proceeds of a sale of participations therein shall be promptly remitted by the Swingline Lender to the First Lien Administrative Agent; any such amounts received by the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be promptly remitted by the First Lien Administrative Agent to the Revolving Lenders that shall have made their payments pursuant to this paragraph and to the Swingline Lender, as their interests may appear, provided that any such payment so remitted shall be repaid to the Swingline Lender or the First Lien Administrative Agent, as the case may be, and thereafter to the Borrower, if and to the extent such payment is required to be refunded to the Borrower for any reason. The purchase of participations in a Swingline Loan pursuant to this paragraph shall not relieve the Borrower of any default in the payment thereof.

(d) The Borrower may, at any time and from time to time, designate as additional Swingline Lenders one or more Revolving Lenders that agree to serve in such capacity as provided below. The acceptance by a Revolving Lender of an appointment as a Swingline Lender hereunder shall be evidenced by an agreement, which shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower, executed by the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent and such designated Swingline Lender, and, from and after the effective date of such agreement, (i) such Revolving Lender shall have all the rights and obligations of a Swingline Lender under this Agreement and (ii) references herein to the term “Swingline Lender” shall be deemed to include such Revolving Lender in its capacity as a lender of Swingline Loans hereunder.

(e) The Borrower may terminate the appointment of any Swingline Lender as a “Swingline Lender” hereunder by providing a written notice thereof to such Swingline Lender, with a copy to the First Lien Administrative Agent. Any such termination shall become effective upon the earlier of (i) such Swingline Lender’s acknowledging receipt of such notice and (ii) the fifth Business Day following the date of the delivery thereof, provided that no such termination shall become effective until and unless the Swingline Exposure of such Swingline Lender shall have been reduced to zero. Notwithstanding the effectiveness of any such termination, the terminated Swingline Lender shall remain a party hereto and shall continue to have all the rights of a Swingline Lender under this Agreement with respect to Swingline Loans made by it prior to such termination, but shall not make any additional Swingline Loans.

SECTION 2.05 Letters of Credit.

(a) General. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein (including Section 2.22), each Issuing Bank agrees, in reliance upon the agreements of the Revolving Lenders (with respect to Letters of Credit) and the Borrower set forth in this Section 2.05 and elsewhere in the First Lien Loan Documents, to issue Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars or an Alternative Currency for the Borrower’s own account (or for the account of any Subsidiary of the Borrower so long as the Borrower is an obligor in respect of all First Lien Loan Document Obligations arising under or in respect of such Letter of Credit), in a form reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the applicable Issuing Bank, which shall reflect the standard operating procedures of such Issuing Bank, at any time and from time to time during the period from the Effective Date until the date that is the fifth (5th) Business Day prior to the Revolving Maturity Date. In the event of any inconsistency between the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the terms and conditions of any form of letter of credit or bank guarantee application or other agreement submitted by a Borrower to, or entered into by the Borrower with, the applicable Issuing Bank relating to any Letter of Credit, the terms and conditions of this Agreement shall control.

(b) Issuance, Amendment, Renewal or Extension; Certain Conditions. To request the issuance of a Letter of Credit (or the amendment, renewal or extension of an outstanding Letter of Credit), the Borrower shall deliver in writing by hand delivery or facsimile (or transmit by electronic communication, if arrangements for doing so have been approved by the recipient) to the applicable Issuing Bank and the First Lien Administrative Agent (at

 

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least five (5) Business Days before the requested date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension (or, in the case of any such request to be made on the Effective Date, one (1) Business Day) or such shorter period as the applicable Issuing Bank and the First Lien Administrative Agent may agree) a notice requesting the issuance of a Letter of Credit, or identifying the Letter of Credit to be amended, renewed or extended, and specifying the date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension, as the case may be (which shall be a Business Day), the date on which such Letter of Credit is to expire (which shall comply with paragraph (d) of this Section 2.05), the amount and currency of such Letter of Credit, the name and address of the beneficiary thereof and such other information as shall be necessary to prepare, amend, renew or extend, as the case may be, such Letter of Credit. Each such notice shall be in the form of Exhibit R, appropriately completed (each, a “Letter of Credit Request”). If requested by the applicable Issuing Bank, the Borrower also shall submit a letter of credit application on such Issuing Bank’s standard form in connection with any request for a Letter of Credit. A Letter of Credit shall be issued, amended, renewed or extended only if (and upon issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit the Borrower shall be deemed to represent and warrant that), after giving effect to such issuance, amendment, renewal or extension, (i) subject to Section 9.04(b)(ii), the Applicable Fronting Exposure of each Issuing Bank shall not exceed its Revolving Commitment, (ii) the aggregate Revolving Exposures shall not exceed the aggregate Revolving Commitments and (iii) (x) the aggregate LC Exposure of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. shall not exceed the JPM Letter of Credit Sublimit, (y) the aggregate LC Exposure of Royal Bank of Canada shall not exceed the RBC Letter of Credit Sublimit and (z) the aggregate LC Exposure shall not exceed the Letter of Credit Sublimit. Letters of Credit will be available to be issued up to an aggregate face amount not to exceed the Letter of Credit Sublimit. To the extent there is more than one Issuing Bank, the Borrower will use reasonable efforts to request Letters of Credit from each Issuing Bank in such a way that the aggregate LC Exposure of any Issuing Bank as a percentage of all the aggregate LC Exposures of all of the Issuing Banks in respect of all Letters of Credit issued under this Agreement shall be generally in line with such Issuing Bank’s proportionate share of the Letter of Credit Sublimit; it being understood, for the avoidance of doubt, that the Borrower shall have no obligation to request Letters of Credit pursuant to the foregoing to the extent the Borrower determines, in its sole discretion, that any such request would not be feasible or commercially beneficial. No Issuing Bank shall be under any obligation to issue any Letter of Credit if (i) any order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator shall enjoin or restrain such Issuing Bank from issuing the Letter of Credit, or any Requirements of Law applicable to such Issuing Bank or any directive (whether or not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority with jurisdiction over such Issuing Bank shall prohibit the issuance of letters of credit generally or the Letter of Credit in particular or shall impose upon such Issuing Bank with respect to the Letter of Credit any restriction, reserve or capital requirement (for which such Issuing Bank is not otherwise fully compensated hereunder) not in effect on the Effective Date, or shall impose upon such Issuing Bank any unreimbursed loss, cost or expense which was not applicable on the Effective Date and which such Issuing Bank in good faith deems material to it, (ii) the issuance of such Letter of Credit would violate one or more policies of such Issuing Bank now or hereafter in effect and applicable to letters of credit generally, (iii) except as otherwise agreed in writing by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the applicable Issuing Bank, such Letter of Credit is to be denominated in a currency other than Dollars or an Alternative Currency, (iv) except as otherwise agreed by the First Lien Administrative Agent and such Issuing Bank, the Letter of Credit is in an initial stated amount less than $100,000, in the case of a commercial Letter of Credit, or $500,000, in the case of a standby Letter of Credit, or (v) any Lender is at that time a Defaulting Lender, if after giving effect to Section 2.22(a)(iv), any Defaulting Lender Fronting Exposure remains outstanding, unless such Issuing Bank has entered into arrangements, including the delivery of cash collateral, reasonably satisfactory to such Issuing Bank with the Borrower or such Lender to eliminate such Issuing Bank’s Defaulting Lender Fronting Exposure arising from either the Letter of Credit then proposed to be issued or such Letter of Credit and all other LC Exposure as to which such Issuing Bank has Defaulting Lender Fronting Exposure. No Issuing Bank shall be under any obligation (i) to amend or extend any Letter of Credit if (x) such Issuing Bank would have no obligation at such time to issue such Letter of Credit in its amended form under the terms hereof or (y) the beneficiary of such Letter of Credit does not accept the proposed amendment to such Letter of Credit or (ii) to issue any Letter of Credit if such Letter of Credit contains any provisions for automatic reinstatement of all or any portion of the stated amount thereof after any drawing thereunder or after the expiry date of such Letter of Credit. Each Existing Letter of Credit shall constitute a Letter of Credit hereunder.

(c) Notice. Each Issuing Bank agrees that it shall not permit any issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit to occur unless it shall have given to the First Lien Administrative Agent written notice thereof required under paragraph (m)(iii) of this Section 2.05.

 

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(d) Expiration Date. Each Letter of Credit shall expire at or prior to the close of business on the earlier of (i) the date that is one year after the date of the issuance of such Letter of Credit (or, in the case of any extension thereof, the date to which it has been extended (not in excess of one year from the last applicable expiry date)) and (ii) the date that is five (5) Business Days prior to the Revolving Maturity Date; provided that if such expiry date is not a Business Day, such Letter of Credit shall expire at or prior to the close of business on the next succeeding Business Day; provided further that any Letter of Credit may, upon the request of the Borrower, include a provision whereby such Letter of Credit shall be renewed or extended automatically for additional consecutive periods of one year or less (but not beyond the date that is five (5) Business Days prior to the Revolving Maturity Date) unless the applicable Issuing Bank notifies the beneficiary thereof within the time period specified in such Letter of Credit or, if no such time period is specified, at least thirty (30) days prior to the then-applicable expiration date, that such Letter of Credit will not be renewed or extended; provided further that such Letter of Credit shall not be required to expire on such fifth (5th) Business Day prior to the Revolving Maturity Date if such Letter of Credit is cash collateralized or backstopped in an amount, by an institution and otherwise pursuant to arrangements, in each case reasonably acceptable to the applicable Issuing Bank. For the avoidance of doubt, if the Revolving Maturity Date occurs prior to the expiration of any Letter of Credit as a result of the last proviso in the foregoing sentence, then upon the taking of actions described in such proviso with respect to such Letter of Credit, all participations in such Letter of Credit under the terminated Revolving Commitments shall terminate.

(e) Participations in Letters of Credit. Immediately upon the issuance of each Letter of Credit (or an amendment to a Letter of Credit increasing the amount thereof) and without any further action on the part of the Issuing Bank that is the issuer thereof or the Lenders, each Revolving Lender shall be deemed to have purchased and the applicable Issuing Bank shall be deemed to have sold a participation in such Letter of Credit equal to such Revolving Lender’s Applicable Percentage of the aggregate amount available to be drawn under such Letter of Credit. In consideration and in furtherance of the foregoing, each Revolving Lender hereby absolutely and unconditionally agrees to pay to the First Lien Administrative Agent, for the account of such Issuing Bank, such Revolving Lender’s Applicable Percentage of each LC Disbursement made by such Issuing Bank and not reimbursed by the Borrower on the date due as provided in paragraph (f) of this Section 2.05, or of any reimbursement payment required to be refunded to the Borrower for any reason. All fundings of such participations shall be denominated in Dollars. Each Revolving Lender acknowledges and agrees that its acquisition of participations pursuant to this paragraph in respect of Letters of Credit is absolute and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance whatsoever, including any amendment or extension of any Letter of Credit or the occurrence and continuance of a Default or any reduction or termination of the Revolving Commitments, and that each payment required to be made by it under the preceding sentence shall be made without any offset, abatement, withholding or reduction whatsoever.

(f) Reimbursement of LC Disbursements. If an Issuing Bank shall make any LC Disbursement in respect of a Letter of Credit, the Borrower shall reimburse such LC Disbursement by paying to the First Lien Administrative Agent an amount (in same day funds) equal to such LC Disbursement not later than 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Business Day immediately following the day that the Borrower receives notice of such LC Disbursement (the “LC Reimbursement Date”), together with accrued interest or fees thereon in accordance with clause (i) of this Section 2.05. Anything contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding, (i) unless the Borrower shall have notified the First Lien Administrative Agent and the applicable Issuing Bank prior to 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on the date such LC Disbursement is made that the Borrower intends to reimburse the applicable Issuing Bank for the amount of the LC Disbursement (including any accrued interest or fees thereon) with funds other than the proceeds of Revolving Loans, the Borrower shall be deemed to have given a timely Borrowing Request to the First Lien Administrative Agent requesting Revolving Lenders to make Revolving Loans that are ABR Revolving Loans on the LC Reimbursement Date in an amount equal to such LC Disbursement (together with any accrued interest or fees thereon), and (ii) subject to satisfaction or waiver of the conditions specified in Section 4.02, Revolving Lenders shall, on the LC Reimbursement Date, make Revolving Loans that are ABR Revolving Loans in an amount equal to their Applicable Percentage of such LC Disbursement (together with any accrued interest or fees thereon), the proceeds of which shall be applied directly by the First Lien Administrative Agent to reimburse the applicable Issuing Bank for the amount of such LC Disbursement (together with any accrued interest or fees thereon); provided that if for any reason proceeds of Revolving Loans are not received by the applicable Issuing Bank on the LC Reimbursement Date in an amount equal to such LC Disbursement (together with any accrued interest or fees thereon), the Borrower shall reimburse the applicable Issuing Bank, on demand, in an amount in same day funds equal to the excess of such LC Disbursement (together with any accrued interest or fees thereon) over the aggregate amount of such Revolving Loans, if any, which are so received. The Revolving Loans made pursuant to this paragraph (f) shall be made without regard to the Borrowing Minimum.

 

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(g) Obligations Absolute. The Borrower’s obligation to reimburse LC Disbursements as provided in paragraph (f) of this Section 2.05 is absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, and shall be performed strictly in accordance with the terms of this Agreement under any and all circumstances whatsoever and irrespective of (i) any lack of validity or enforceability of any Letter of Credit, this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document, or any term or provision herein or therein, (ii) any exchange, change, waiver or release of any Collateral for, or any other Person’s guarantee of or other liability for, any of the Secured Obligations, (iii) the existence of any claim, set-off, defense or other right which the Borrower or any Lender may have at any time against a beneficiary or any transferee of any Letter of Credit (or any Persons for whom any such transferee may be acting), the Issuing Bank, any Lender or any other Person or, in the case of a Lender, against the Borrower, whether in connection herewith, the transactions contemplated herein or any unrelated transaction (including any underlying transaction between the Borrower or one or more of its Subsidiaries and the beneficiary for which any Letter of Credit was procured), (iv) any draft or other document presented under a Letter of Credit proving to be forged, fraudulent or invalid in any respect or any statement therein being untrue or inaccurate in any respect, (v) payment by an Issuing Bank under a Letter of Credit against presentation of a draft or other document that does not comply with the terms of such Letter of Credit (provided that the Borrower shall not be obligated to reimburse such LC Disbursements unless payment is made against presentation of a draft or other document that at least substantially complies with the terms of such Letter of Credit), (vi) any adverse change in the business, operations, properties, assets, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries; (vii) any breach hereof or any other First Lien Loan Document by any party hereto or thereto, (viii) the fact that an Event of Default or a Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (ix) any other event or circumstance whatsoever, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing, that might, but for the provisions of this Section 2.05, constitute a legal or equitable discharge of, or provide a right of setoff against, the Borrower’s obligations hereunder or (x) any adverse change in the relevant exchange rates or in the availability of any Alternative Currency to the Borrower or in the relevant currency markets generally. As between the Borrower and the Issuing Bank, the Borrower assumes all risks of the acts and omissions of, or misuse of the Letters of Credit issued by the Issuing Bank and the proceeds thereof, by the respective beneficiaries of such Letters of Credit or any assignees or transferees thereof. In furtherance and not in limitation of the foregoing, none of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Lenders, the Issuing Banks or any of their Related Parties shall have any liability or responsibility for: (i) the form, validity, sufficiency, accuracy, genuineness or legal effect of any document submitted by any party in connection with the application for and issuance of any such Letter of Credit, even if it should in fact prove to be in any or all respects invalid, insufficient, inaccurate, fraudulent or forged other than to confirm such documents comply with the terms of such Letter of Credit; (ii) the validity or sufficiency of any instrument transferring or assigning or purporting to transfer or assign any such Letter of Credit or the rights or benefits thereunder or proceeds thereof, in whole or in part, which may prove to be invalid or ineffective for any reason; (iii) failure of the beneficiary of any such Letter of Credit to comply fully with any conditions required in order to draw upon such Letter of Credit; (iv) its honor of any presentation under a Letter of Credit that appears on its face to substantially comply with the terms and conditions of such Letter of Credit; (v) any error, omission, interruption, loss or delay in transmission or delivery of any draft, notice or other communication under or relating to any Letter of Credit (including any document required to make a drawing thereunder); (vi) errors in interpretation of technical terms; (vii) any loss or delay in the transmission of any document required in order to make a drawing under any such Letter of Credit; (viii) the misapplication by the beneficiary of any such Letter of Credit of the proceeds of any drawing under such Letter of Credit; or (ix) any consequences arising from causes beyond the control of the Issuing Bank, including any act by a Governmental Authority and fluctuation in currency exchange rates. None of the above shall affect or impair, or prevent the vesting of, any of the Issuing Bank’s rights or powers hereunder or place the Issuing Bank under any liability to the Borrower or any other Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the above shall be construed to excuse any Issuing Bank from liability to the Borrower to the extent of any direct damages (as opposed to special, indirect, consequential, incidental, exemplary or punitive damages, claims in respect of which are hereby waived by the Borrower to the extent permitted by Requirements of Law) suffered by the Borrower that are caused by such Issuing Bank’s gross negligence or willful misconduct (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final, nonappealable judgment) when determining whether drafts and other documents presented under a Letter of Credit comply with the terms thereof. In furtherance of the foregoing and without limiting the generality thereof, the parties agree that, with respect to documents presented that appear on their face to be in substantial compliance with the terms of a Letter of Credit, an Issuing Bank may, in its sole discretion, either accept and make payment upon such documents without responsibility for further investigation, regardless of any notice or information to the contrary, or refuse to accept and make payment upon such documents if (notwithstanding the appearance of substantial compliance) such documents are not in strict compliance with the terms of such Letter of Credit, and any such acceptance or refusal shall be deemed not to constitute gross negligence or willful misconduct.

 

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(h) Disbursement Procedures. Each Issuing Bank shall, promptly following its receipt thereof, examine all documents purporting to represent a demand for payment under a Letter of Credit. Each Issuing Bank shall promptly notify the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower by telephone (confirmed in writing by hand delivery or facsimile) of such demand for payment and whether such Issuing Bank has made or will make an LC Disbursement thereunder; provided that any failure to give or delay in giving such notice shall not relieve the Borrower of its obligations to reimburse such Issuing Bank and the Revolving Lenders with respect to any such LC Disbursement in accordance with paragraph (f) of this Section 2.05.

(i) Interim Interest. If an Issuing Bank shall make any LC Disbursement, then, unless the Borrower shall reimburse such LC Disbursement in full on the date such LC Disbursement is made, the unpaid amount thereof shall bear interest, for each day from and including the date such LC Disbursement is made to but excluding the date that the Borrower reimburses such LC Disbursement, at the rate per annum then applicable to ABR Revolving Loans or, if such LC Disbursement is not denominated in dollars, at a rate per annum then applicable to Revolving Loans denominated in such currency; provided that, if the Borrower fails to reimburse such LC Disbursement when due pursuant to paragraph (f) of this Section 2.05, then Section 2.13(c) shall apply. Interest accrued pursuant to this paragraph shall be paid to the First Lien Administrative Agent, for the account of the applicable Issuing Bank, except that interest accrued on and after the date of payment by any Revolving Lender pursuant to paragraph (f) of this Section 2.05 to reimburse such Issuing Bank shall be for the account of such Lender to the extent of such payment and shall be payable on demand or, if no demand has been made, on the date on which the Borrower reimburses the applicable LC Disbursement in full.

(j) Cash Collateralization of Letters of Credit. If (i) effective immediately, without demand or other notice of any kind, as of any expiration date of a Letter of Credit, such Letter of Credit may for any reason remain outstanding and partially or wholly undrawn, (ii) effective immediately, without demand or other notice of any kind, as of the occurrence of any Event of Default under paragraph (h) or (i) of Section 7.01, or (iii) any Event of Default under paragraph (a) or (b) of Section 7.01 shall occur and be continuing, on the Business Day on which the Borrower receives notice from the First Lien Administrative Agent, the applicable Issuing Bank or the Required Lenders (or, if the maturity of the Loans has been accelerated, Revolving Lenders with LC Exposure representing more than 50% of the aggregate LC Exposure of all Revolving Lenders) demanding the deposit of cash collateral pursuant to this paragraph, the Borrower shall deposit in an account with a depositary bank that is a Lender reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Collateral Agent, in the name of the First Lien Administrative Agent and for the benefit of the Secured Parties (or in the case of any Letters of Credit that expire later than the fifth (5th) Business Day prior to the Revolving Maturity Date and are cash collateralized on or after the fifth (5th) Business Day prior to the Revolving Maturity Date, for the benefit of the applicable Issuing Bank), an amount of cash in Dollars or an Alternative Currency, as the case may be, equal to the portions of the LC Exposure attributable to Letters of Credit, as of such date plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon. The Borrower also shall deposit cash collateral pursuant to this paragraph as and to the extent required by Section 2.11(c). Each such deposit shall be held by the First Lien Administrative Agent as collateral for the payment and performance of the obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents. At any time that there shall exist a Defaulting Lender, if any Defaulting Lender Fronting Exposure remains outstanding (after giving effect to Section 2.22(a)(iv)), then promptly upon the request of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender, the Borrower shall deliver to the First Lien Administrative Agent cash collateral in an amount sufficient to cover such Defaulting Lender Fronting Exposure (after giving effect to any cash collateral provided by the Defaulting Lender). The First Lien Administrative Agent (for the benefit of the Secured Parties) shall have exclusive dominion and control, including the exclusive right of withdrawal, over such account. Other than any interest earned on the investment of such deposits, which investments shall be made at the option and sole discretion of the First Lien Administrative Agent in Permitted Investments and at the Borrower’s risk and expense, such deposits shall not bear interest. Interest or profits, if any, on such investments shall accumulate in such account. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, moneys in such account shall be applied by the First Lien Administrative Agent first to reimburse the Issuing Banks for LC Disbursements for which they have not been reimbursed and, to the extent not so applied, the balance shall be held for the satisfaction of the reimbursement obligations of the Borrower for the LC Exposure at such time or, if the maturity of the Loans has been accelerated (but subject to the consent of Revolving Lenders with

 

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LC Exposure representing more than 50% of the aggregate LC Exposure of all the Revolving Lenders), such balance shall be applied to satisfy other obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement. If the Borrower is required to provide an amount of cash collateral hereunder as a result of the occurrence of an Event of Default or the existence of a Defaulting Lender, such amount (to the extent not applied as aforesaid) shall be returned to the Borrower within three Business Days after all Events of Default have been cured or waived or after the termination of Defaulting Lender status, as applicable. If the Borrower is required to provide an amount of cash collateral hereunder pursuant to Section 2.11(c), such amount (to the extent not applied as aforesaid) shall be returned to the Borrower as and to the extent that, after giving effect to such return, the Borrower would remain in compliance with Section 2.11(c) and no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

(k) Designation of Additional Issuing Banks. The Borrower may, at any time and from time to time, designate as additional Issuing Banks one or more Revolving Lenders that agree in writing to serve in such capacity as provided below. The acceptance by a Revolving Lender of an appointment as an Issuing Bank hereunder shall be evidenced by an agreement, which shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower, executed by the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent and such designated Revolving Lender and, from and after the effective date of such agreement, (i) such Revolving Lender shall have all the rights and obligations of an Issuing Bank under this Agreement and (ii) references herein to the term “Issuing Bank” shall be deemed to include such Revolving Lender in its capacity as an issuer of Letters of Credit hereunder.

(l) Resignation or Termination of an Issuing Bank. Subject to the appointment and acceptance of a successor Issuing Bank reasonably acceptable to the Borrower, any Issuing Bank may resign at any time by giving thirty (30) days’ written notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Borrower. The Borrower may terminate the appointment of any Issuing Bank as an “Issuing Bank” hereunder by providing a written notice thereof to such Issuing Bank, with a copy to the First Lien Administrative Agent. Any such termination shall become effective upon the earlier of (i) such Issuing Bank’s acknowledging receipt of such notice and (ii) the fifth Business Day following the date of the delivery thereof; provided that no such termination shall become effective until and unless the LC Exposure attributable to all Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank (or its Affiliates) shall have been reduced to zero. At the time any such resignation or termination shall become effective, the Borrower shall pay all unpaid fees accrued for the account of the resigning or terminated Issuing Bank pursuant to Section 2.12(b). Notwithstanding the effectiveness of any such resignation or termination, the resigning or terminated Issuing Bank shall remain a party hereto and shall continue to have all the rights of an Issuing Bank under this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents with respect to Letters of Credit issued by it prior to such resignation or termination, but shall not (a) be required (and shall be discharged from its obligations) to issue any additional Letters of Credit or extend or increase the amount of Letters of Credit then outstanding, without affecting its rights and obligations with respect to Letters of Credit previously issued by it, or (b) be deemed an Issuing Bank for any other purpose.

(m) Issuing Bank Reports to the First Lien Administrative Agent. Unless otherwise agreed by the First Lien Administrative Agent, each Issuing Bank shall, in addition to its notification obligations set forth elsewhere in this Section 2.05, report in writing to the First Lien Administrative Agent (i) periodic activity (for such period or recurrent periods as shall be requested by the First Lien Administrative Agent) in respect of Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank, including all issuances, extensions, amendments and renewals, all expirations and cancellations and all disbursements and reimbursements, (ii) within five (5) Business Days following the time that such Issuing Bank issues, amends, renews or extends any Letter of Credit, the date of such issuance, amendment, renewal or extension, and face amount of the Letters of Credit issued, amended, renewed or extended by it and outstanding after giving effect to such issuance, amendment, renewal or extension (and whether the amounts thereof shall have changed), (iii) on each Business Day on which such Issuing Bank makes any LC Disbursement, the date and amount of such LC Disbursement, (iv) on any Business Day on which a Borrower fails to reimburse an LC Disbursement required to be reimbursed to such Issuing Bank on such day, the date of such failure and amount of such LC Disbursement and (v) on any other Business Day, such other information as the First Lien Administrative Agent shall reasonably request as to the Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank; provided that no Issuing Bank shall have any liability hereunder to any Person for any failure to deliver the reports contemplated by this paragraph (m) of Section 2.05.

 

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(n) Applicability of ISP and UCP. Unless otherwise expressly agreed by the applicable Issuing Bank and the Borrower when a Letter of Credit is issued or when it is amended with the consent of the beneficiary thereof, (i) the rules of the ISP shall apply to each standby Letter of Credit, and (ii) the rules of the UCP shall apply to each commercial Letter of Credit. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the applicable Issuing Bank shall not be responsible to the Borrower for, and the applicable Issuing Bank’s rights and remedies against the Borrower shall not be impaired by, any action or inaction of the applicable Issuing Bank required or permitted under any law, order or practice that is required or permitted to be applied to any Letter of Credit or this Agreement, including the applicable law or any order of any Governmental Authority in a jurisdiction where the applicable Issuing Bank or the beneficiary is located, the practice stated in the ISP or UCP, as applicable, or in the decisions, opinions, practice statements or official commentary of the ICC Banking Commission, the Bankers Association for Finance and Trade (BAFT), or the Institute of International Banking Law & Practice, whether or not any Letter of Credit chooses such law or practice.

(o) Rollover of Existing Letters of Credit and Other Letters of Credit. Each of the Existing Letters of Credit outstanding on the Effective Date shall remain outstanding as a Letter of Credit under this Agreement until otherwise returned or expired. Any letter of credit that was issued by an Issuing Bank and is not a Letter of Credit will be deemed to be a Letter of Credit issued under this Agreement on the date that the Borrower, the Issuing Bank with respect to such letter of credit and the First Lien Administrative Agent sign an instrument identifying such letter of credit as a Letter of Credit under this Agreement; provided that such instrument may only be executed if such letter of credit would be permitted to be issued under this Agreement as a Letter of Credit on such date.

SECTION 2.06 Funding of Borrowings.

(a) Each Lender shall make each Loan to be made by it hereunder on the proposed date thereof by wire transfer of immediately available funds by 12:00 noon, New York City time in the case of any Loan in Dollars or Canadian Dollars and 12:00 noon, London, England time in the case of any Loan in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars), to the Applicable Account of the First Lien Administrative Agent most recently designated by it for such purpose by notice to the Lenders; provided that Swingline Loans shall be made as provided in Section 2.04. The First Lien Administrative Agent will make such Loans available to the Borrower by promptly crediting the amounts so received, in like funds, to an account of the Borrower designated by the Borrower in the applicable Borrowing Request; provided that ABR Revolving Loans made to finance the reimbursement of an LC Disbursement as provided in Section 2.05(f) shall be remitted by the First Lien Administrative Agent to the applicable Issuing Bank; provided further that, solely with respect to PSP in its capacity as a Lender, (i) so long as PSP receives written notice of a Borrowing of any ABR Loan in Dollars (including Swingline Loans notwithstanding anything in Section 2.04(c) to the contrary) by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the proposed date thereof, PSP shall make such ABR Loan on such proposed date by wire transfer of immediately available funds by 4:00 p.m., New York City time and (ii) PSP shall not be required to make any Revolving Loans in Canadian Dollars without prior written notice delivered at least one (1) Business Day prior to the proposed date of such Borrowing.

(b) Unless the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received notice from a Lender prior to the proposed date of any Borrowing that such Lender will not make available to the First Lien Administrative Agent such Lender’s share of such Borrowing, the First Lien Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made such share available on such date in accordance with paragraph (a) of this Section 2.06 and may, in reliance on such assumption and in its sole discretion, make available to the Borrower a corresponding amount. In such event, if a Lender has not in fact made its share of the applicable Borrowing available to the First Lien Administrative Agent, then the applicable Lender agrees to pay to the First Lien Administrative Agent an amount equal to such share on demand of the First Lien Administrative Agent. If such Lender does not pay such corresponding amount forthwith upon demand of the First Lien Administrative Agent therefor, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower, and the Borrower agrees to pay such corresponding amount to the First Lien Administrative Agent forthwith on demand. The First Lien Administrative Agent shall also be entitled to recover from such Lender or the Borrower interest on such corresponding amount, for each day from and including the date such amount is made available to the Borrower to but excluding the date of payment to the First Lien Administrative Agent, at (i) in the case of such Lender, the greater of the Federal Funds Effective Rate and a rate determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation, or (ii) in the case of the Borrower, the interest rate applicable to such Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.13. If such Lender pays such amount to the First Lien Administrative Agent, then such amount shall constitute such Lender’s Loan included in such Borrowing.

 

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(c) The obligations of the Lenders hereunder to make Term Loans and Revolving Loans, to fund participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans and to make payments pursuant to Section 9.03(c) are several and not joint. The failure of any Lender to make any Loan, to fund any such participation or to make any payment under Section 9.03(c) on any date required hereunder shall not relieve any other Lender of its corresponding obligation to do so on such date, and no Lender shall be responsible for the failure of any other Lender to so make its Loan, to purchase its participation or to make its payment under Section 9.03(c).

SECTION 2.07 Interest Elections.

(a) Each Revolving Borrowing of the applicable Class and each Term Borrowing initially shall be of the Type specified in the applicable Borrowing Request or designated by Section 2.03 and, in the case of a Eurodollar Borrowing, shall have an initial Interest Period as specified in such Borrowing Request or designated by Section 2.03. Thereafter, the Borrower may elect to convert such Borrowing to a different Type or to continue such Borrowing and, in the case of a Eurodollar Borrowing, may elect Interest Periods therefor, all as provided in this Section 2.07; provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, no Loan may be converted into or continued as a Loan denominated in a different currency but instead must be prepaid in the original currency of such Loan and reborrowed in the other currency. The Borrower may elect different options with respect to different portions of the affected Borrowing, in which case each such portion shall be allocated ratably among the Lenders holding the Loans comprising such Borrowing, and the Loans comprising each such portion shall be considered a separate Borrowing.

(b) To make an election pursuant to this Section 2.07, the Borrower shall notify the First Lien Administrative Agent of such election by telephone by the time that a Borrowing Request would be required under Section 2.03 if the Borrower were requesting a Borrowing of the Type resulting from such election to be made on the effective date of such election. Each such telephonic Interest Election Request shall be irrevocable and shall be confirmed promptly by hand delivery, facsimile or other electronic transmission to the First Lien Administrative Agent of a written Interest Election Request signed by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower.

(c) Each telephonic and written Interest Election Request shall specify the following information in compliance with Section 2.03:

(i) the Borrowing to which such Interest Election Request applies and, if different options are being elected with respect to different portions thereof, the portions thereof to be allocated to each resulting Borrowing (in which case the information to be specified pursuant to clauses (iii) and (iv) below shall be specified for each resulting Borrowing);

(ii) the effective date of the election made pursuant to such Interest Election Request, which shall be a Business Day;

(iii) whether the resulting Borrowing is to be an ABR Borrowing or a Eurodollar Borrowing; and

(iv) if the resulting Borrowing is to be a Eurodollar Borrowing, the Interest Period to be applicable thereto after giving effect to such election, which shall be a period contemplated by the definition of the term “Interest Period.”

If any such Interest Election Request requests a Eurodollar Borrowing but does not specify an Interest Period, then the Borrower shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month’s duration.

(d) Promptly following receipt of an Interest Election Request in accordance with this Section 2.07, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall advise each Lender of the applicable Class of the details thereof and of such Lender’s portion of each resulting Borrowing.

(e) If the Borrower fails to deliver a timely Interest Election Request with respect to a Eurodollar Borrowing prior to the end of the Interest Period applicable thereto, then, unless such Borrowing is repaid as provided herein, then the Borrower shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month’s duration.

 

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Notwithstanding any contrary provision hereof, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the First Lien Administrative Agent, at the request of the Required Lenders, so notifies the Borrower, then, so long as an Event of Default is continuing (i) no outstanding Borrowing may be converted to or continued as a Eurodollar Borrowing and (ii) unless repaid, each Eurodollar Borrowing, if denominated in Dollars or Canadian Dollars shall be converted to an ABR Borrowing at the end of the Interest Period applicable thereto.

SECTION 2.08 Termination and Reduction of Commitments.

(a) Unless previously terminated, (i) the Term Commitments provided on the Effective Date shall terminate at 11:59 p.m., New York City time, on the Effective Date and (ii) the Revolving Commitments shall terminate on the Revolving Maturity Date.

(b) The Borrower may at any time terminate, or from time to time reduce, the Commitments of any Class, provided that (i) each reduction of the Commitments of any Class shall be in an amount that is an integral multiple of $500,000 and not less than $1,000,000 unless such amount represents all of the remaining Commitments of such Class and (ii) the Borrower shall not terminate or reduce the Revolving Commitments of any Class if, after giving effect to any concurrent prepayment of the Revolving Loans or Swingline Loans of any Class in accordance with Section 2.11, the aggregate Revolving Exposures of such Class would exceed the aggregate Revolving Commitments of such Class.

(c) The Borrower shall notify the First Lien Administrative Agent of any election to terminate or reduce the Commitments under paragraph (b) of this Section 2.08 at least one (1) Business Day prior to the effective date of such termination or reduction, specifying such election and the effective date thereof. Promptly following receipt of any such notice, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall advise the Lenders of the contents thereof. Each notice delivered by the Borrower pursuant to this Section 2.08 shall be irrevocable; provided that a notice of termination of the Revolving Commitments of any Class delivered by the Borrower may state that such notice is conditioned upon the effectiveness of the ABL Facility, any other credit facilities or the receipt of the proceeds from the issuance of other Indebtedness or the occurrence of some other identifiable and specified event or condition, in which case such notice may be revoked or extended by the Borrower (by notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent on or prior to the specified effective date of termination) if such condition is not satisfied. Any termination or reduction of the Commitments of any Class shall be permanent. Each reduction of the Commitments of any Class shall be made ratably among the Lenders in accordance with their respective Commitments of such Class

SECTION 2.09 Repayment of Loans; Evidence of Debt.

(a) The Borrower hereby unconditionally promise to pay (i) to the First Lien Administrative Agent for the account of each Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each Revolving Loan of such Lender on the Revolving Maturity Date, (ii) to the First Lien Administrative Agent for the account of each Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each Term Loan of such Lender as provided in Section 2.10 and (iii) to the Swingline Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each Swingline Loan made by the Swingline Lender on the earlier to occur of (A) the date that is ten (10) Business Days after such Loan is made and (B) the Revolving Maturity Date; provided that on each date that a Revolving Borrowing is made, the Borrower shall repay all Swingline Loans that were outstanding on the date such Borrowing was requested.

(b) Each Lender shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice an account or accounts evidencing the indebtedness of the Borrower to such Lender resulting from each Loan made by such Lender, including the amounts of principal and interest payable and paid to such Lender from time to time hereunder.

(c) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall, in connection with the maintenance of the Register in accordance with Section 9.04(b)(iv), maintain accounts in which it shall record (i) the amount of each Loan made hereunder, the Class and Type thereof and the Interest Period applicable thereto, (ii) the amount of any principal or interest due and payable or to become due and payable from the Borrower to each Lender hereunder and (iii) the amount of any sum received by the First Lien Administrative Agent hereunder for the account of the Lenders and each Lender’s share thereof.

 

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(d) The entries made in the accounts maintained pursuant to paragraph (b) or (c) of this Section 2.09 shall be prima facie evidence of the existence and amounts of the obligations recorded therein, provided that the failure of any Lender or the First Lien Administrative Agent to maintain such accounts or any error therein shall not in any manner affect the obligation of the Borrower to pay any amounts due hereunder in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. In the event of any inconsistency between the entries made pursuant to paragraphs (b) and (c) of this Section 2.09, the accounts maintained by the First Lien Administrative Agent pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section 2.09 shall control.

(e) Any Lender may request through the First Lien Administrative Agent that Loans of any Class made by it be evidenced by a Note. In such event, the Borrower shall execute and deliver to such Lender a Note payable to such Lender (or, if requested by such Lender, to such Lender and its registered assigns).

SECTION 2.10 Amortization of Term Loans.

(a) Subject to adjustment pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section 2.10 and increases in connection with fungible increases to the Initial Term Loans to reflect the equivalent amortization for such fungible increases, the Borrower shall repay Borrowings of Initial Term Loans on the last day of each March, June, September and December (commencing on June 30, 2020) in the principal amount of Term Loans as follows; provided that if any such date is not a Business Day, such payment shall be due on the immediately preceding Business Day:

 

PAYMENT DATE

   AMORTIZATION PAYMENT  

June 30, 2020

   $ 5,300,000  

September 30, 2020

   $ 5,300,000  

December 31, 2020

   $ 5,300,000  
  

 

 

 

March 31, 2021

   $ 5,300,000  

June 30, 2021

   $ 5,300,000  

September 30, 2021

   $ 5,300,000  

December 31, 2021

   $ 5,300,000  
  

 

 

 

March 31, 2022

   $ 5,300,000  

June 30, 2022

   $ 5,300,000  

September 30, 2022

   $ 5,300,000  

December 31, 2022

   $ 5,300,000  
  

 

 

 

March 31, 2023

   $ 5,300,000  

June 30, 2023

   $ 5,300,000  

September 30, 2023

   $ 5,300,000  

December 31, 2023

   $ 5,300,000  
  

 

 

 

March 31, 2024

   $ 5,300,000  

June 30, 2024

   $ 5,300,000  

September 30, 2024

   $ 5,300,000  

December 31, 2024

   $ 5,300,000  
  

 

 

 

March 31, 2025

   $ 5,300,000  

June 30, 2025

   $ 5,300,000  

September 30, 2025

   $ 5,300,000  

December 31, 2025

   $ 5,300,000  
  

 

 

 

March 31, 2026

   $ 5,300,000  

June 30, 2026

   $ 5,300,000  

September 30, 2026

   $ 5,300,000  
  

 

 

 

Term Maturity Date

     Remainder  

 

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(b) To the extent not previously paid, all Initial Term Loans shall be due and payable on the Term Maturity Date.

(c) Any prepayment of a Term Borrowing of any Class (i) pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(i) shall be applied to reduce the subsequent scheduled and outstanding repayments of the Term Borrowings of such Class to be made pursuant to this Section 2.10 as directed by the Borrower (and absent such direction in direct order of maturity) and (ii) pursuant to Section 2.11(c) or 2.11(d) shall be applied to reduce the subsequent scheduled and outstanding repayments of the Term Borrowings of such Class to be made pursuant to this Section 2.10, or, except as otherwise provided in any Refinancing Amendment or Loan Modification Agreement, pursuant to the corresponding section of such Refinancing Amendment or Loan Modification Agreement, as applicable, as directed by the Borrower and, in the absence of such direction, in direct order of maturity (including any Incremental Facility).

(d) Prior to any repayment of any Term Borrowings of any Class hereunder, the Borrower shall select the Borrowing or Borrowings of the applicable Class to be repaid and shall notify the First Lien Administrative Agent by telephone (confirmed by hand delivery or facsimile) of such election not later than 2:00 p.m., New York City time (or London, England time in the case of Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars)), one (1) Business Day before the scheduled date of such repayment. In the absence of a designation by the Borrower as described in the preceding sentence, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall make such designation in its reasonable discretion with a view, but no obligation, to minimize breakage costs owing under Section 2.16 and shall be applied in direct order of maturity. Each repayment of a Borrowing shall be applied ratably to the Loans included in the repaid Borrowing. Repayments of Term Borrowings shall be accompanied by accrued interest on the amount repaid.

SECTION 2.11 Prepayment of Loans.

(a) (i) The Borrower shall have the right at any time and from time to time to prepay any Borrowing in whole or in part, without premium or penalty; provided that in the event that, on or prior to the date that is six months after the Effective Date, the Borrower enters into any Repricing Transaction, the Borrower shall pay to the First Lien Administrative Agent, for the ratable account of each of the applicable Term Lenders, (I) in the case of clause (a) of the definition of “Repricing Transaction”, a prepayment premium of 1.00% of the principal amount of the Initial Term Loans being prepaid in connection with such Repricing Transaction or (II) in the case of clause (b) of the definition of “Repricing Transaction”, , an amount equal to 1.00% of the aggregate amount of the applicable Initial Term Loans outstanding immediately prior to such amendment that are subject to an effective pricing reduction pursuant to such Repricing Transaction.

(ii) Notwithstanding anything in any First Lien Loan Document to the contrary, so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries may offer to prepay all or a portion of the outstanding Term Loans on the following basis:

(A) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall have the right to make a voluntary prepayment of Term Loans at a discount to par (such prepayment, the “Discounted Term Loan Prepayment”) pursuant to a Borrower Offer of Specified Discount Prepayment, Borrower Solicitation of Discount Range Prepayment Offers or Borrower Solicitation of Discounted Prepayment Offers, in each case made in accordance with this Section 2.11(a)(ii); provided that (x) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall not make any Borrowing of Revolving Loans or Swingline Loans to fund any Discounted Term Loan Prepayment and (y) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall not initiate any action under this Section 2.11(a)(ii) in order to make a Discounted Term Loan Prepayment unless (I) at least ten (10) Business Days shall have passed since the consummation of the most recent Discounted Term Loan Prepayment as a result of a prepayment made by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries on the applicable Discounted Prepayment Effective Date; or (II) at least three

 

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(3) Business Days shall have passed since the date Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries were notified that no Term Lender was willing to accept any prepayment of any Term Loan and/or Other First Lien Term Loan at the Specified Discount, within the Discount Range or at any discount to par value, as applicable, or in the case of Borrower Solicitation of Discounted Prepayment Offers, the date of Holdings’, any Intermediate Parent’s, the Borrower’s or any of their respective Subsidiaries’ election not to accept any Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers and (z) each Lender participating in any Discounted Term Loan Prepayment acknowledges and agrees that in connection with such Discounted Term Loan Prepayment, (1) the Borrower then may have, and later may come into possession of, information regarding the Term Loans or the Loan Parties hereunder that is not known to such Lender and that may be material to a decision by such Lender to participate in such Discounted Term Loan Prepayment (“Excluded Information”), (2) such Lender has independently and, without reliance on Holdings, any of its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of their respective Affiliates, made its own analysis and determination to participate in such Discounted Term Loan Prepayment notwithstanding such Lender’s lack of knowledge of the Excluded Information and (3) none of Holdings, its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent, or any of their respective Affiliates shall have any liability to such Lender, and such Lender hereby waives and releases, to the extent permitted by Requirements of Law, any claims such Lender may have against Holdings, its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent, and their respective Affiliates, under applicable laws or otherwise, with respect to the nondisclosure of the Excluded Information; provided further that any Term Loan that is prepaid will be automatically and irrevocably cancelled.

(B) (1) Subject to the proviso to subsection (A) above, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries may from time to time offer to make a Discounted Term Loan Prepayment by providing the Auction Agent with three (3) Business Days’ notice in the form of a Specified Discount Prepayment Notice; provided that (I) any such offer shall be made available, at the sole discretion of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries, to each Term Lender and/or each Lender with respect to any Class of Term Loans on an individual tranche basis, (II) any such offer shall specify the aggregate principal amount offered to be prepaid (the “Specified Discount Prepayment Amount”) with respect to each applicable tranche, the tranche or tranches of Term Loans subject to such offer and the specific percentage discount to par (the “Specified Discount”) of such Term Loans to be prepaid (it being understood that different Specified Discounts and/or Specified Discount Prepayment Amounts may be offered with respect to different tranches of Term Loans and, in such an event, each such offer will be treated as a separate offer pursuant to the terms of this Section), (III) the Specified Discount Prepayment Amount shall be in an aggregate amount not less than $1,000,000 and whole increments of $500,000 in excess thereof and (IV) each such offer shall remain outstanding through the Specified Discount Prepayment Response Date. The Auction Agent will promptly provide each relevant Term Lender with a copy of such Specified Discount Prepayment Notice and a form of the Specified Discount Prepayment Response to be completed and returned by each such Lender to the Auction Agent (or its delegate) by no later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the third Business Day after the date of delivery of such notice to the relevant Term Lenders (the “Specified Discount Prepayment Response Date”).

(2) Each relevant Term Lender receiving such offer shall notify the Auction Agent (or its delegate) by the Specified Discount Prepayment Response Date whether or not it agrees to accept a prepayment of any of its relevant then outstanding Term Loans at the Specified Discount and, if so (such accepting Term Lender, a “Discount Prepayment Accepting Lender”), the amount and the tranches of such Lender’s Term Loans to be prepaid at such offered discount. Each acceptance of a Discounted Term Loan Prepayment by a Discount Prepayment Accepting Lender shall be irrevocable. Any Term Lender whose Specified Discount Prepayment Response is not received by the Auction Agent by the Specified Discount Prepayment Response Date shall be deemed to have declined to accept the applicable Borrower Offer of Specified Discount Prepayment.

(3) If there is at least one Discount Prepayment Accepting Lender, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries will make prepayment of outstanding Term Loans pursuant to this paragraph (B) to each Discount Prepayment Accepting Lender in accordance with the respective outstanding amount and tranches of Term Loans specified in such Lender’s Specified Discount Prepayment Response given pursuant to subsection (2); provided that, if the aggregate principal amount of Term Loans accepted for prepayment by all Discount Prepayment Accepting Lenders exceeds the Specified

 

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Discount Prepayment Amount, such prepayment shall be made pro-rata among the Discount Prepayment Accepting Lenders in accordance with the respective principal amounts accepted to be prepaid by each such Discount Prepayment Accepting Lender and the Auction Agent (in consultation with Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and subject to rounding requirements of the Auction Agent made in its reasonable discretion) will calculate such proration (the “Specified Discount Proration”). The Auction Agent shall promptly, and in any case within three (3) Business Days following the Specified Discount Prepayment Response Date, notify (I) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries of the respective Term Lenders’ responses to such offer, the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date and the aggregate principal amount of the Discounted Term Loan Prepayment and the tranches to be prepaid, (II) each Term Lender of the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date, and the aggregate principal amount and the tranches of Term Loans to be prepaid at the Specified Discount on such date and (III) each Discount Prepayment Accepting Lender of the Specified Discount Proration, if any, and confirmation of the principal amount, tranche and Type of Loans of such Lender to be prepaid at the Specified Discount on such date. Each determination by the Auction Agent of the amounts stated in the foregoing notices to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and Lenders shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes absent manifest error. The payment amount specified in such notice to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall be due and payable by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries on the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date in accordance with subsection (F) below (subject to subsection (J) below).

(C) (1) Subject to the proviso to subsection (A) above, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries may from time to time solicit Discount Range Prepayment Offers by providing the Auction Agent with three (3) Business Days’ notice in the form of a Discount Range Prepayment Notice; provided that (I) any such solicitation shall be extended, at the sole discretion of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries, to each Term Lender and/or each Lender with respect to any Class of Loans on an individual tranche basis, (II) any such notice shall specify the maximum aggregate principal amount of the relevant Term Loans (the “Discount Range Prepayment Amount”), the tranche or tranches of Term Loans subject to such offer and the maximum and minimum percentage discounts to par (the “Discount Range”) of the principal amount of such Term Loans with respect to each relevant tranche of Term Loans willing to be prepaid by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries (it being understood that different Discount Ranges and/or Discount Range Prepayment Amounts may be offered with respect to different tranches of Term Loans and, in such an event, each such offer will be treated as a separate offer pursuant to the terms of this Section), (III) the Discount Range Prepayment Amount shall be in an aggregate amount not less than $1,000,000 and whole increments of $500,000 in excess thereof and (IV) each such solicitation by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall remain outstanding through the Discount Range Prepayment Response Date. The Auction Agent will promptly provide each relevant Term Lender with a copy of such Discount Range Prepayment Notice and a form of the Discount Range Prepayment Offer to be submitted by a responding relevant Term Lender to the Auction Agent (or its delegate) by no later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the third Business Day after the date of delivery of such notice to the relevant Term Lenders (the “Discount Range Prepayment Response Date”). Each relevant Term Lender’s Discount Range Prepayment Offer shall be irrevocable and shall specify a discount to par within the Discount Range (the “Submitted Discount”) at which such Term Lender is willing to allow prepayment of any or all of its then outstanding Term Loans of the applicable tranche or tranches and the maximum aggregate principal amount and tranches of such Lender’s Term Loans (the “Submitted Amount”) such Lender is willing to have prepaid at the Submitted Discount. Any Term Lender whose Discount Range Prepayment Offer is not received by the Auction Agent by the Discount Range Prepayment Response Date shall be deemed to have declined to accept a Discounted Term Loan Prepayment of any of its Term Loans at any discount to their par value within the Discount Range.

(2) The Auction Agent shall review all Discount Range Prepayment Offers received on or before the applicable Discount Range Prepayment Response Date and shall determine (in consultation with Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and subject to rounding requirements of the Auction Agent made in its sole reasonable discretion) the Applicable Discount and Term Loans to be prepaid at such Applicable Discount in accordance with this subsection (C). Holdings,

 

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any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries agree to accept on the Discount Range Prepayment Response Date all Discount Range Prepayment Offers received by the Auction Agent by the Discount Range Prepayment Response Date, in the order from the Submitted Discount that is the largest discount to par to the Submitted Discount that is the smallest discount to par, up to and including the Submitted Discount that is the smallest discount to par within the Discount Range (such Submitted Discount that is the smallest discount to par within the Discount Range being referred to as the “Applicable Discount”) which yields a Discounted Term Loan Prepayment in an aggregate principal amount equal to the lower of (I) the Discount Range Prepayment Amount and (II) the sum of all Submitted Amounts. Each Lender that has submitted a Discount Range Prepayment Offer to accept prepayment at a discount to par that is larger than or equal to the Applicable Discount shall be deemed to have irrevocably consented to prepayment of Term Loans equal to its Submitted Amount (subject to any required proration pursuant to the following subsection (3)) at the Applicable Discount (each such Lender, a “Participating Lender”).

(3) If there is at least one Participating Lender, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries will prepay the respective outstanding Term Loans of each Participating Lender in the aggregate principal amount and of the tranches specified in such Lender’s Discount Range Prepayment Offer at the Applicable Discount; provided that if the Submitted Amount by all Participating Lenders offered at a discount to par greater than the Applicable Discount exceeds the Discount Range Prepayment Amount, prepayment of the principal amount of the relevant Term Loans for those Participating Lenders whose Submitted Discount is a discount to par greater than or equal to the Applicable Discount (the “Identified Participating Lenders”) shall be made pro-rata among the Identified Participating Lenders in accordance with the Submitted Amount of each such Identified Participating Lender and the Auction Agent (in consultation with Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and subject to rounding requirements of the Auction Agent made in its sole reasonable discretion) will calculate such proration (the “Discount Range Proration”). The Auction Agent shall promptly, and in any case within five (5) Business Days following the Discount Range Prepayment Response Date, notify (I) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries of the respective Term Lenders’ responses to such solicitation, the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date, the Applicable Discount, and the aggregate principal amount of the Discounted Term Loan Prepayment and the tranches to be prepaid, (II) each Term Lender of the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date, the Applicable Discount, and the aggregate principal amount and tranches of Term Loans to be prepaid at the Applicable Discount on such date, (III) each Participating Lender of the aggregate principal amount and tranches of such Lender to be prepaid at the Applicable Discount on such date, and (z) if applicable, each Identified Participating Lender of the Discount Range Proration. Each determination by the Auction Agent of the amounts stated in the foregoing notices to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and Lenders shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes absent manifest error. The payment amount specified in such notice to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall be due and payable by the Borrower on the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date in accordance with subsection (F) below (subject to subsection (J) below).

(D) (1) Subject to the proviso to subsection (A) above, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries may from time to time solicit Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers by providing the Auction Agent with three (3) Business Days’ notice in the form of a Solicited Discounted Prepayment Notice; provided that (I) any such solicitation shall be extended, at the sole discretion of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries, to each Term Lender and/or each Lender with respect to any Class of Term Loans on an individual tranche basis, (II) any such notice shall specify the maximum aggregate Dollar Amount of the Term Loans (the “Solicited Discounted Prepayment Amount”) and the tranche or tranches of Term Loans Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries is willing to prepay at a discount (it being understood that different Solicited Discounted Prepayment Amounts may be offered with respect to different tranches of Term Loans and, in such an event, each such offer will be treated as a separate offer pursuant to the terms of this Section), (III) the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Amount shall be in an aggregate amount not less than $1,000,000 and whole increments of $500,000 in excess thereof and (IV) each such solicitation by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall remain outstanding through the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Response Date. The Auction Agent will promptly provide each relevant Term Lender with a copy of such Solicited Discounted Prepayment Notice and a form

 

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of the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer to be submitted by a responding Term Lender to the Auction Agent (or its delegate) by no later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the third Business Day after the date of delivery of such notice to the relevant Term Lenders (the “Solicited Discounted Prepayment Response Date”). Each Term Lender’s Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer shall (x) be irrevocable, (y) remain outstanding until the Acceptance Date, and (z) specify both a discount to par (the “Offered Discount”) such Term Lender is willing to allow to be applied to the prepayment of its then outstanding Term Loan and the maximum aggregate principal amount and tranches of such Term Loans (the “Offered Amount”) such Term Lender is willing to have prepaid subject to such Offered Discount. Any Term Lender whose Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer is not received by the Auction Agent by the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Response Date shall be deemed to have declined prepayment of any of its Term Loans at any discount.

(2) The Auction Agent shall promptly provide Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries with a copy of all Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers received on or before the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Response Date. Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall review all such Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers and select the largest of the Offered Discounts specified by the relevant responding Term Lenders in the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers that is acceptable to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries (the “Acceptable Discount”), if any. If Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries elects to accept any Offered Discount as the Acceptable Discount, then as soon as practicable after the determination of the Acceptable Discount, but in no event later than by the third Business Day after the date of receipt by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries from the Auction Agent of a copy of all Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers pursuant to the first sentence of this subsection (2) (the “Acceptance Date”), Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall submit an Acceptance and Prepayment Notice to the Auction Agent setting forth the Acceptable Discount. If the Auction Agent shall fail to receive an Acceptance and Prepayment Notice from Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries by the Acceptance Date, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall be deemed to have rejected all Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers.

(3) Based upon the Acceptable Discount and the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers received by Auction Agent by the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Response Date, within three (3) Business Days after receipt of an Acceptance and Prepayment Notice (the “Discounted Prepayment Determination Date”), the Auction Agent will determine (in consultation with Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and subject to rounding requirements of the Auction Agent made in its sole reasonable discretion) the aggregate principal amount and the tranches of Term Loans (the “Acceptable Prepayment Amount”) to be prepaid by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries at the Acceptable Discount in accordance with this Section 2.11(a)(ii)(D). If Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries elects to accept any Acceptable Discount, then Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries agrees to accept all Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offers received by Auction Agent by the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Response Date, in the order from largest Offered Discount to smallest Offered Discount, up to and including the Acceptable Discount. Each Lender that has submitted a Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer with an Offered Discount that is greater than or equal to the Acceptable Discount shall be deemed to have irrevocably consented to prepayment of Term Loans equal to its Offered Amount (subject to any required pro-rata reduction pursuant to the following sentence) at the Acceptable Discount (each such Lender, a “Qualifying Lender”). Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries will prepay outstanding Term Loans pursuant to this subsection (D) to each Qualifying Lender in the aggregate principal amount and of the tranches specified in such Lender’s Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer at the Acceptable Discount; provided that if the aggregate Offered Amount by all Qualifying Lenders whose Offered Discount is greater than or equal to the Acceptable Discount exceeds the Solicited Discounted Prepayment Amount, prepayment of the principal amount of the Term Loans for those Qualifying Lenders whose Offered Discount is greater than or equal to the Acceptable Discount (the “Identified Qualifying Lenders”) shall be made pro-rata among the Identified Qualifying Lenders in accordance with the Offered Amount of each such Identified Qualifying Lender and the Auction Agent (in consultation with Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective

 

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Subsidiaries and subject to rounding requirements of the Auction Agent made in its sole reasonable discretion) will calculate such proration (the “Solicited Discount Proration”). On or prior to the Discounted Prepayment Determination Date, the Auction Agent shall promptly notify (I) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries of the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date and Acceptable Prepayment Amount comprising the Discounted Term Loan Prepayment and the tranches to be prepaid, (II) each Term Lender who made a Solicited Discounted Prepayment Offer of the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date, the Acceptable Discount, and the Acceptable Prepayment Amount of all Term Loans and the tranches to be prepaid to be prepaid at the Applicable Discount on such date, (III) each Qualifying Lender of the aggregate principal amount and the tranches of such Lender to be prepaid at the Acceptable Discount on such date, and (IV) if applicable, each Identified Qualifying Lender of the Solicited Discount Proration. Each determination by the Auction Agent of the amounts stated in the foregoing notices to the Borrower and Lenders shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes absent manifest error. The payment amount specified in such notice to the Borrower shall be due and payable by the Borrower on the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date in accordance with subsection (F) below (subject to subsection (J) below).

(E) In connection with any Discounted Term Loan Prepayment, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and the Lenders acknowledge and agree that the Auction Agent may require as a condition to any Discounted Term Loan Prepayment, the payment of reasonable and customary fees and expenses from Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries in connection therewith.

(F) If any Term Loan is prepaid in accordance with paragraphs (B) through (D) above, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall prepay such Term Loans on the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date. Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall make such prepayment to the Auction Agent, for the account of the Discount Prepayment Accepting Lenders, Participating Lenders, or Qualifying Lenders, as applicable, at the First Lien Administrative Agent’s Office in immediately available funds not later than 11:00 a.m. New York City time (or London, England time in the case of Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars)) on the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date and all such prepayments shall be applied to the remaining principal installments of the relevant tranche of Term Loans on a pro rata basis across such installments. The Term Loans so prepaid shall be accompanied by all accrued and unpaid interest on the par principal amount so prepaid up to, but not including, the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date. Each prepayment of the outstanding Term Loans pursuant to this Section 2.11(a)(ii) shall be paid to the Discount Prepayment Accepting Lenders, Participating Lenders, or Qualifying Lenders, as applicable. The aggregate principal amount of the tranches and installments of the relevant Term Loans outstanding shall be deemed reduced by the full par value of the aggregate principal amount of the tranches of Term Loans prepaid on the Discounted Prepayment Effective Date in any Discounted Term Loan Prepayment.

(G) To the extent not expressly provided for herein, each Discounted Term Loan Prepayment shall be consummated pursuant to procedures consistent with the provisions in this Section 2.11(a)(ii), established by the Auction Agent acting in its reasonable discretion and as reasonably agreed by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries.

(H) Notwithstanding anything in any First Lien Loan Document to the contrary, for purposes of this Section 2.11(a)(ii), each notice or other communication required to be delivered or otherwise provided to the Auction Agent (or its delegate) shall be deemed to have been given upon Auction Agent’s (or its delegate’s) actual receipt during normal business hours of such notice or communication; provided that any notice or communication actually received outside of normal business hours shall be deemed to have been given as of the opening of business on the next Business Day.

(I) Each of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries and the Lenders acknowledges and agrees that the Auction Agent may perform any and all of its duties under this Section 2.11(a)(ii) by itself or through any Affiliate of the Auction Agent and expressly consents to any such delegation of duties by the Auction Agent to such Affiliate and the performance of such delegated duties by such Affiliate. The exculpatory provisions pursuant to this Agreement shall apply to each Affiliate of the Auction Agent and their respective activities in connection with any Discounted Term Loan Prepayment provided for in this Section 2.11(a)(ii) as well as activities of the Auction Agent.

 

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(J) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries shall have the right, by written notice to the Auction Agent, to revoke in full (but not in part) its offer to make a Discounted Term Loan Prepayment and rescind the applicable Specified Discount Prepayment Notice, Discount Range Prepayment Notice or Solicited Discounted Prepayment Notice therefor at its discretion at any time on or prior to the applicable Specified Discount Prepayment Response Date, Discount Range Prepayment Response Date or Solicited Discounted Prepayment Response Date, as applicable (and if such offer is revoked pursuant to the preceding clauses, any failure by the Borrower to make any prepayment to a Term Lender, as applicable, pursuant to this Section 2.11(a)(ii) shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default under Section 7.01 or otherwise).

(b) In the event and on each occasion that the aggregate Revolving Exposures of any Class exceed the aggregate Revolving Commitments of such Class, the Borrower shall prepay Revolving Borrowings or Swingline Loans of such Class (or, if no such Borrowings are outstanding, deposit cash collateral in an account with a depositary bank that is a Lender reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to Section 2.05(j)) in an aggregate amount necessary to eliminate such excess.

(c) In the event and on each occasion that any Net Proceeds are received by or on behalf of the Borrower or its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of any Prepayment Event described in clause (a) of the definition thereof, the Borrower shall, within five (5) Business Days after such Net Proceeds are received (or, in the case of a Prepayment Event described in clause (b) of the definition of “Prepayment Event,” on the date of such Prepayment Event), prepay Term Borrowings in an aggregate amount equal to 100% of the amount of such Net Proceeds; provided that, in the case of any event described in clause (a) of the definition of the term “Prepayment Event”, if the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries invest (or commit to invest) the Net Proceeds from such event (or a portion thereof) within 12 months after receipt of such Net Proceeds in the business of the Borrower and the other Subsidiaries (including any acquisitions permitted under Section 6.04), then no prepayment shall be required pursuant to this paragraph in respect of such Net Proceeds in respect of such event (or the applicable portion of such Net Proceeds, if applicable) except to the extent of any such Net Proceeds therefrom that have not been so invested (or committed to be invested) by the end of such 12-month period (or if committed to be so invested within such 12-month period, have not been so invested within 18 months after receipt thereof), at which time a prepayment shall be required in an amount equal to such Net Proceeds that have not been so invested (or committed to be invested); provided further that the Borrower may use a portion of such Net Proceeds to prepay or repurchase any other Indebtedness that is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Secured Obligations to the extent such other Indebtedness and the Liens securing the same are permitted hereunder and the documentation governing such other Indebtedness requires such a prepayment or repurchase thereof with the proceeds of such Prepayment Event, in each case in an amount not to exceed the product of (x) the amount of such Net Proceeds and (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the outstanding principal amount of such other Indebtedness and the denominator of which is the aggregate outstanding principal amount of Term Loans and such other Indebtedness.

(d) Following the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, commencing with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020, the Borrower shall prepay Term Borrowings in an aggregate amount equal to the ECF Percentage of Excess Cash Flow for such fiscal year; provided that such amount shall, at the option of the Borrower, be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis for such fiscal year by:

(i) the aggregate amount of prepayments and repurchases of (A) Term Loans (and, to the extent the Revolving Commitments are reduced in a corresponding amount pursuant to Section 2.08, Revolving Loans) made pursuant to Section 2.11(a) or otherwise in a manner not prohibited by Section 9.04(g) during such fiscal year or after such fiscal year and on or prior to the time such prepayment is due (without duplication to subsequent years) as provided below (provided that such reduction as a result of prepayments pursuant to clause (ii) thereof shall (x) be limited to the actual amount of such cash prepayment and (y) only be applicable if the applicable prepayment offer was made to all Lenders) and (B) other Consolidated Senior Secured First Lien Net Indebtedness (provided that in the case of the prepayment of any revolving commitments, there is a corresponding reduction in commitments) (excluding all such prepayments funded with the proceeds of other Indebtedness (other than the Revolving Loans) or the issuance of Equity Interests). Each prepayment pursuant to this paragraph shall be made on or before the date that is ten (10) days after the date on which financial statements are required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01 with respect to the fiscal year for which Excess Cash Flow is being calculated;

 

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(ii) without duplication of amounts deducted pursuant to clause (v) below in prior fiscal years, the amount of capital expenditures made in cash or accrued during such fiscal year or after such fiscal year and on or prior to the 90th day after the end of such fiscal year, except to the extent that such capital expenditures were financed with the proceeds of long-term Indebtedness of the Borrower or the Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the Revolving Loans);

(iii) without duplication of amounts deducted pursuant to clause (v) below in prior fiscal years, the amount of Investments (other than Investments in Permitted Investments) and acquisitions not prohibited by this Agreement and made during such fiscal year or after such fiscal year and on or prior to the 90th day after the end of such fiscal year, except to the extent that such Investments and acquisitions were financed with the proceeds of long-term Indebtedness of the Borrower or the Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the Revolving Loans);

(iv) without duplication of amounts deducted pursuant to clause (v) below in prior fiscal years, the amount of dividends and other Restricted Payments (including the amount of Tax Distributions made by the Borrower to the extent not deducted in arriving at Consolidated Net Income) paid in cash during such period or after such fiscal year and on or prior to the 90th day after the end of such fiscal year, except to the extent that such dividends and Restricted Payments were financed with the proceeds of long-term Indebtedness of the Borrower or the Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the Revolving Loans); and

(v) without duplication of amounts deducted in prior periods, (A) the aggregate consideration required to be paid in cash by the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to binding contracts, commitments, letters of intent or purchase orders (the “Contract Consideration”), in each case, entered into prior to or during such fiscal year and (B) to the extent set forth in a certificate of a Financial Officer delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent at or before the time the Compliance Certificate for such fiscal year is required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(d), the aggregate amount of cash that is reasonably expected to be paid in respect of planned cash expenditures by the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries (the “Planned Expenditures”), in the case of each of clauses (A) and (B), relating to Permitted Acquisitions, other Investments (other than Investments in Permitted Investments), capital expenditures (including Capitalized Software Expenditures or other purchases of Intellectual Property) or Restricted Payments to be consummated or made during a subsequent fiscal year (and in the case of Planned Expenditures, the subsequent fiscal year); provided, that to the extent the aggregate amount of cash actually utilized to finance such Permitted Acquisitions, Investments, capital expenditures or Restricted Payments during such subsequent fiscal year (excluding any cash from the proceeds of long-term Indebtedness of the Borrower or the Restricted Subsidiaries (other than the Revolving Loans)) is less than the Contract Consideration and Planned Expenditures, the amount of such shortfall shall be added to the calculation of Excess Cash Flow at the end of such subsequent fiscal year.

Notwithstanding anything to the foregoing, at the Borrower’s option, any voluntary prepayments, capital expenditures, Investments, acquisitions, dividends and other Restricted Payments under clauses (i) through (iv) above that have not been applied to reduce the payments which may be due from time to time pursuant to this Section 2.11(d) shall be carried over to subsequent periods, and may reduce the payments due from time to time pursuant to this Section 2.11(d) during such subsequent periods (until such time as such voluntary prepayments, capital expenditures, Investments, acquisitions, dividends and other Restricted Payments are so applied to reduce such payments which may be due from time to time). The Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, may elect to invest in the Borrower and its Subsidiaries prior to receiving the Net Proceeds attributable to any given Disposition (provided that such investment shall be made no earlier than earliest of notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent, execution of the definitive agreement for the Disposition that generated such Net Proceeds and consummation of such Disposition) and deem the amount so invested to be applied pursuant to and in accordance with clause (b) above with respect to such Disposition.

 

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(e) Prior to any optional prepayment of Borrowings pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(i), the Borrower shall select the Borrowing or Borrowings to be prepaid and shall specify such selection in the notice of such prepayment pursuant to paragraph (f) of this Section 2.11. In the event of any optional prepayment of Revolving Borrowings, the Borrower shall select Revolving Borrowings to be prepaid so that the aggregate amount of such prepayment is allocated between Revolving Borrowings (and, to the extent provided in the Refinancing Amendment for any Class of Other Revolving Loans, the Borrowings of such Class) pro rata based on the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Borrowings of each such Class. In the event of any mandatory prepayment of Term Borrowings made at a time when Term Borrowings of more than one Class remain outstanding, the Borrower shall select Term Borrowings to be prepaid so that the aggregate amount of such prepayment is allocated between Term Borrowings (and, to the extent provided in the Refinancing Amendment for any Class of Other First Lien Term Loans, the Borrowings of such Class) pro rata based on the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Borrowings of each such Class; provided that any Term Lender (and, to the extent provided in the Refinancing Amendment or Loan Modification Agreement for any Class of Other Term Loans, any Lender that holds Other Term Loans of such Class) may elect, by notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent by telephone (confirmed by facsimile) at least two (2) Business Days prior to the prepayment date, to decline all or any portion of any prepayment of its Term Loans or Other Term Loans of any such Class pursuant to this Section 2.11 (other than an optional prepayment pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section or a mandatory prepayment as a result of the Prepayment Event set forth in clause (b) of the definition thereof, which may not be declined), in which case the aggregate amount of the prepayment that would have been applied to prepay Term Loans or Other Term Loans of any such Class but was so declined (and not used pursuant to the immediately following sentence) shall, subject to any requirement to repay Second Lien Notes under the Second Lien Debt Documents, be retained by the Borrower (such amounts, “Retained Declined Proceeds”). An amount equal to any portion of a mandatory prepayment of Term Borrowings that is declined by the Lenders under this Section 2.11(e) may, to the extent not prohibited hereunder or under the documentation governing the Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt or First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement (if applicable), be applied by the Borrower to prepay the Second Lien Facilities (and Permitted Refinancings thereof) pursuant to the Second Lien Debt Documents to the extent then outstanding and/or (at the Borrower’s election) Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt. Optional prepayments of Term Borrowings shall be allocated among the Classes of Term Borrowings as directed by the Borrower. In the absence of a designation by the Borrower as described in the preceding provisions of this paragraph of the Type of Borrowing of any Class, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall make such designation in its reasonable discretion with a view, but no obligation, to minimize breakage costs owing under Section 2.16 and shall be applied in direct order of maturity; provided that, in connection with any mandatory prepayments by the Borrower of the Term Loans pursuant to Section 2.11(c) or (d), such prepayments shall be applied on a pro rata basis to the then outstanding Term Loans being prepaid irrespective of whether such outstanding Term Loans are ABR Loans or Eurodollar Loans.

(f) The Borrower shall notify the First Lien Administrative Agent (and, in the case of prepayment of a Swingline Loan, the Swingline Lender) of any optional prepayment pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(i) by telephone (confirmed by facsimile) of any prepayment hereunder (i) in the case of prepayment of a Eurodollar Borrowing, not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time (or London, England time in the case of Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars)), three (3) Business Days before the date of prepayment (or, in the sole discretion of the First Lien Administrative Agent, one (1) Business Day) or (ii) in the case of prepayment of an ABR Borrowing, not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, one (1) Business Day before the date of prepayment. Each such notice shall be irrevocable and shall specify the prepayment date and the principal amount of each Borrowing or portion thereof to be prepaid and, in the case of a mandatory prepayment, a reasonably detailed calculation of the amount of such prepayment; provided that a notice of optional prepayment may state that such notice is conditional upon the effectiveness of other credit facilities or the receipt of the proceeds from the issuance of other Indebtedness or the occurrence of some other identifiable and specified event or condition, in which case such notice of prepayment may be revoked by the Borrower (by notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent on or prior to the specified date of prepayment) if such condition is not satisfied. Promptly following receipt of any such notice (other than a notice relating solely to Swingline Loans), the First Lien Administrative Agent shall advise the Lenders of the contents thereof. Each partial prepayment of any Borrowing shall be in an amount that would be permitted in the case of an advance of a Borrowing of the same Type as provided in Section 2.02, except as necessary to apply fully the required amount of a mandatory prepayment. Each prepayment of a Borrowing shall be applied ratably to the Loans included in the prepaid Borrowing. Prepayments shall be accompanied by accrued interest to the extent required by Section 2.13, and subject to Section 2.11(a)(i), shall be without premium or penalty. At the Borrower’s election in connection with any prepayment pursuant to this Section 2.11, such prepayment shall not be applied to any Term Loan or Revolving Loan of a Defaulting Lender (under any of subclauses (a), (b) or (c) of the definition of “Defaulting Lender”) and shall be allocated ratably among the relevant non-Defaulting Lenders.

 

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(g) Notwithstanding any other provisions of Section 2.11(c) or (d), (A) to the extent that any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Prepayment Event by or Excess Cash Flow of a Subsidiary of the Borrower that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States, any state, commonwealth or territory thereof or the District of Columbia, giving rise to a prepayment pursuant to Section 2.11(c) or (d) (a “Restricted Prepayment Event”) are prohibited or delayed by applicable local law from being repatriated to the Borrower, the portion of such Net Proceeds or Excess Cash Flow so affected will not be required to be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied to repay Term Loans at the times provided in Section 2.11(c) or (d), as the case may be, and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary so long, but only so long, as the Borrower determined in good faith that the applicable local law will not permit repatriation to the Borrower, and once the Borrower has determined in good faith that such repatriation of any of such affected Net Proceeds or Excess Cash Flow is permitted under the applicable local law, such repatriation will be effected as soon as practicable and such repatriated Net Proceeds or Excess Cash Flow will be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied (net of additional taxes payable or reserved if such amounts were repatriated) to the repayment of the Term Loans pursuant to Section 2.11(c) or (d), as applicable, (B) to the extent that and for so long as the Borrower has determined in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Restricted Prepayment Event or Excess Cash Flow would have a material adverse tax or cost consequence with respect to such Net Proceeds or Excess Cash Flow, the Net Proceeds or Excess Cash Flow so affected will not be required to be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied to repay Term Loans at the times provided in Section 2.11(c) or Section 2.11(d), as the case may be, and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary; provided that when the Borrower determines in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Restricted Prepayment Event or Excess Cash Flow would no longer have a material adverse tax consequence with respect to such Net Proceeds or Excess Cash Flow, such Net Proceeds or Excess Cash Flow shall be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied (net of additional taxes payable or reserved against as a result thereof) to the repayment of the Term Loans pursuant to Section 2.11(c) or Section 2.11(d), as applicable, and (C) to the extent that and for so long as the Borrower has determined in good faith that repatriation of any of or all the Net Proceeds of any Restricted Prepayment Event or Excess Cash Flow would give rise to a risk of liability for the directors of such Subsidiary, the Net Proceeds or Excess Cash Flow so affected will not be required to be taken into account in determining the amount to be applied to repay Term Loans at the times provided in Section 2.11(c) or Section 2.11(d), as the case may be, and such amounts may be retained by such Subsidiary.

SECTION 2.12 Fees.

(a) The Borrower agrees to pay to the First Lien Administrative Agent in Dollars for the account of each Revolving Lender a commitment fee, which shall accrue at the rate of the Commitment Fee Percentage per annum on the average daily unused amount of the Revolving Commitment of such Lender during the period from and including the Effective Date to but excluding the date on which the Revolving Commitments terminate. Accrued commitment fees shall be payable in arrears on the third Business Day following the last day of March, June, September and December of each year and on the date on which the Revolving Commitments terminate, commencing on the first such date to occur after the Effective Date. All commitment fees shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day). For purposes of computing commitment fees, a Revolving Commitment of a Lender shall be deemed to be used to the extent of the outstanding Revolving Loans and LC Exposure of such Lender (and the Swingline Exposure of such Lender shall be disregarded for such purpose).

(b) The Borrower agrees to pay (i) to the First Lien Administrative Agent in Dollars for the account of each Revolving Lender (other than any Defaulting Lender) a participation fee with respect to its participations in Letters of Credit, which shall accrue at the Applicable Rate used to determine the interest rate applicable to Eurodollar Revolving Loans on the daily amount of such Lender’s LC Exposure (excluding any portion thereof attributable to unreimbursed LC Disbursements but taking into account the maximum amount available to be drawn under all outstanding Letters of Credit, whether or not such maximum amount is then in effect) during the period from and including the Effective Date to and including the later of the date on which such Lender’s Revolving Commitment terminates and the date on which such Lender ceases to have any LC Exposure, and (ii) to each Issuing Bank in Dollars a fronting fee (which fee shall be calculated by the First Lien Administrative Agent in consultation with the applicable Issuing Bank), which shall accrue at the rate to be agreed by each Issuing Bank, not to be greater than 0.125% per annum on the daily amount of the LC Exposure attributable to Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank (excluding any portion thereof attributable to unreimbursed LC Disbursements but taking into account the maximum amount available to be drawn under all outstanding Letters of Credit, whether or not such maximum amount

 

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is then in effect) during the period from and including the Effective Date to and including the later of the date of termination of the Revolving Commitments and the date on which there ceases to be any LC Exposure, as well as such Issuing Bank’s standard fees with respect to the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit or processing of drawings thereunder. Participation fees and fronting fees accrued through and including the last day of March, June, September and December of each year shall be payable on the third Business Day following the last day of March, June, September and December, respectively, commencing on the first such date to occur after the Effective Date; provided that all such fees shall be payable on the date on which the Revolving Commitments terminate and any such fees accruing after the date on which the Revolving Commitments terminate shall be payable on demand. Any other fees payable to an Issuing Bank pursuant to this paragraph shall be payable within 10 days after demand. All participation fees and fronting fees shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day).

(c) The Borrower agrees to pay to the First Lien Administrative Agent, for its own account, fees payable in the amounts and at the times separately agreed upon between the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent.

(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, and subject to Section 2.22, the Borrower shall not be obligated to pay any amounts to any Defaulting Lender pursuant to this Section 2.12.

SECTION 2.13 Interest.

(a) The Loans comprising each ABR Borrowing (including each Swingline Loan) denominated in Dollars or Canadian Dollars shall bear interest at the Alternate Base Rate or Canadian Base Rate, respectively, plus the Applicable Rate.

(b) The Loans comprising each Eurodollar Borrowing denominated in (i) Dollars or Sterling shall bear interest at the Adjusted LIBO Rate, (ii) Canadian Dollars shall bear interest at the Adjusted BA Rate or (iii) Euros shall bear interest at Adjusted EURIBOR, in each case for the Interest Period in effect for such Borrowing plus the Applicable Rate.

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default under paragraph (a), (b), (h) or (i) of Section 7.01 any principal of or interest on any Loan or any fee or other amount payable by the Borrower hereunder is not paid when due, whether at stated maturity, upon acceleration or otherwise, such overdue amount shall bear interest, after as well as before judgment, at a rate per annum equal to (i) in the case of overdue principal of any Loan, 2.00% per annum plus the rate otherwise applicable to such Loan as provided in the preceding paragraphs of this Section 2.13 or (ii) in the case of any other amount, 2.00% per annum plus the rate applicable to ABR Revolving Loans as provided in paragraph (a) of this Section 2.13; provided that no amount shall be payable pursuant to this Section 2.13(c) to a Defaulting Lender so long as such Lender shall be a Defaulting Lender; provided, further that no amounts shall accrue pursuant to this Section 2.13(c) on any overdue amount, reimbursement obligation in respect of any LC Disbursement or other amount payable to a Defaulting Lender so long as such Lender shall be a Defaulting Lender.

(d) Accrued interest on each Loan shall be payable in arrears on each Interest Payment Date for such Loan and, in the case of Revolving Loans, upon termination of the Revolving Commitments, provided that (i) interest accrued pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section 2.13 shall be payable on demand, (ii) in the event of any repayment or prepayment of any Loan (other than a prepayment of an ABR Revolving Loan prior to the end of the Revolving Availability Period), accrued interest on the principal amount repaid or prepaid shall be payable on the date of such repayment or prepayment and (iii) in the event of any conversion of any Eurodollar Loan prior to the end of the current Interest Period therefor, accrued interest on such Loan shall be payable on the effective date of such conversion.

(e) All interest hereunder shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days, except that interest computed by reference to the Alternate Base Rate, the Canadian Base Rate or the BA Rate shall be computed on the basis of a year of 365 days (or 366 days in a leap year), and in each case shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day). The applicable Alternate Base Rate, Canadian Base Rate, Adjusted LIBO Rate, Adjusted BA Rate or Adjusted EURIBOR shall be determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent, and such determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

 

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SECTION 2.14 Alternate Rate of Interest.

(a) If at least two (2) Business Days prior to the commencement of any Interest Period for a Eurodollar Borrowing:

(i) the First Lien Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error) that adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the Adjusted BA Rate or Adjusted EURIBOR, as applicable, for such Interest Period; or

(ii) the First Lien Administrative Agent is advised by the Required Lenders that the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the Adjusted BA Rate or Adjusted EURIBOR, as applicable, for such Interest Period will not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders of making or maintaining their Loans included in such Borrowing for such Interest Period (in each case with respect to the Loans impacted by this clause (b) or clause (a) above, “Impacted Loans”);

then the First Lien Administrative Agent shall give notice thereof to the Borrower and the Lenders by telephone or facsimile as promptly as practicable thereafter and, until the First Lien Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower and the Lenders that the circumstances giving rise to such notice no longer exist, (i) in the event any Loans denominated in Dollars or Canadian Dollars are so affected, (x) any Interest Election Request that requests the conversion of any Borrowing in Dollars or Canadian Dollars to, or continuation of any Borrowing in Dollars or Canadian Dollars as, a Eurodollar Borrowing in Dollars or Canadian Dollars shall be ineffective and (y) if any Borrowing Request requests a Eurodollar Borrowing in Dollars or Canadian Dollars, then such Borrowing shall be made as an ABR Borrowing, and (ii) in the event any Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars) are so affected, the relevant interest rate shall be determined in accordance with clause (ii) of the definition of “LIBO Rate” or “EURIBOR”, as applicable; provided, however, that, in each case, the Borrower may revoke any Borrowing Request that is pending when such notice is received.

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (i) the First Lien Administrative Agent has made such determination described in clause (a)(i) of this Section 2.14 or is advised by the Required Lenders of their determination described in clause (a)(ii) of this Section 2.14, and in each case such circumstances are unlikely to be temporary, (ii) a public statement or publication of information has been made by or on behalf of the administrator of the applicable LIBO Rate announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide such LIBO Rate, permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide such LIBO Rate, (iii) a public statement or publication of information has been made by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of the applicable LIBO Rate, the U.S. Federal Reserve System, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for the applicable LIBO Rate, a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for LIBOR or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for the applicable LIBO Rate, which states that the administrator of such LIBO Rate has ceased or will cease to provide such LIBO Rate permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide such LIBO Rate or (iv) the supervisor for the administrator of the applicable LIBO Rate or a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the First Lien Administrative Agent has made a public statement identifying a specific date after which the London interbank offered rate shall no longer be used for determining interest rates for loans, then in each case the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower shall endeavor to establish an alternate rate of interest to the LIBO Rate that gives due consideration to the then prevailing market convention for determining a rate of interest for syndicated loans in the United States at such time, and shall enter into an amendment to this Agreement to reflect such alternate rate of interest and such other related changes to this Agreement as may be applicable; provided that, until so amended, such Impacted Loans will be handled as otherwise provided pursuant to the terms of this Section 2.14; provided, further, that, in the case of Term Loans, such alternate rate of interest to the LIBO Rate shall have a floor of zero. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 9.02, such amendment shall become effective without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement, unless and solely to the extent that there shall not exist a broadly accepted comparable successor benchmark rate on the date of such proposed amendment (as reasonably determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower), in which case such amendment shall become

 

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effective with respect to each Class without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement so long as the First Lien Administrative Agent shall not have received, within five Business Days of the date notice of amendment is provided to the Lenders, a written notice from the Required Lenders of such Class stating that such Required Lenders object to such amendment.

SECTION 2.15 Increased Costs.

(a) If any Change in Law shall:

(i) impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve, special deposit, compulsory loan, insurance charge or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended by, any Lender or any Issuing Bank (except any such reserve requirement reflected in the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the Adjusted BA Rate or Adjusted EURIBOR, as applicable); or

(ii) impose on any Lender or any Issuing Bank or the London interbank market any other condition, cost or expense (other than Taxes) affecting this Agreement or Eurodollar Loans made by such Lender or any Letter of Credit or participation therein;

and the result of any of the foregoing shall be to increase the cost to such Lender of making or maintaining any Eurodollar Loan (or of maintaining its obligation to make any such Loan) or to increase the cost to such Lender or Issuing Bank of participating in, issuing or maintaining any Letter of Credit (or of maintaining its obligation to participate in or issue any Letter of Credit) or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by such Lender or Issuing Bank hereunder (whether of principal, interest or otherwise), then, from time to time upon request of such Lender or Issuing Bank, the Borrower will pay to such Lender or Issuing Bank, as the case may be, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or Issuing Bank, as the case may be, for such increased costs actually incurred or reduction actually suffered.

(b) If any Lender or Issuing Bank determines that any Change in Law regarding capital requirements has the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s capital or on the capital of such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s holding company, if any, as a consequence of this Agreement or the Loans made by, or participations in Letters of Credit or Swingline Loans held by, such Lender, or the Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank, to a level below that which such Lender or Issuing Bank or such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s holding company could have achieved but for such Change in Law (taking into consideration such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s policies and the policies of such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s holding company with respect to capital adequacy), then, from time to time upon request of such Lender or Issuing Bank, the Borrower will pay to such Lender or Issuing Bank, as the case may be, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or Issuing Bank or such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s holding company for any such reduction actually suffered.

(c) A certificate of a Lender or an Issuing Bank setting forth the amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender or Issuing Bank or its holding company in reasonable detail, as the case may be, as specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 2.15 delivered to the Borrower shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Borrower shall pay such Lender or Issuing Bank, as the case may be, the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 15 days after receipt thereof.

(d) Failure or delay on the part of any Lender or Issuing Bank to demand compensation pursuant to this Section 2.15 shall not constitute a waiver of such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s right to demand such compensation; provided that the Borrower shall not be required to compensate a Lender or Issuing Bank pursuant to this Section 2.15 for any increased costs incurred or reductions suffered more than 180 days prior to the date that such Lender or Issuing Bank, as the case may be, notifies the Borrower of the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions and of such Lender’s or Issuing Bank’s intention to claim compensation therefor; provided further that, if the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions is retroactive, then the 180-day period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof.

 

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(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section, no Lender or Issuing Bank shall demand compensation for any increased cost or reduction pursuant to this Section 2.15 if (i) it shall not at the time be the general policy or practice of such Lender or Issuing Bank to demand such compensation in similar circumstances under comparable provisions of other credit agreements and (ii) such increased cost or reduction is due to market disruption, unless such circumstances generally affect the banking market and when the Required Lenders have made such a request.

SECTION 2.16 Break Funding Payments.

In the event of (a) the payment of any principal of any Eurodollar Loan other than on the last day of an Interest Period applicable thereto (including as a result of an Event of Default), (b) the conversion of any Eurodollar Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto, (c) the failure to borrow, convert, continue or prepay any Revolving Loan or Term Loan on the date specified in any notice delivered pursuant hereto (regardless of whether such notice may be revoked under Section 2.11(f) and is revoked in accordance therewith) or (d) the assignment of any Eurodollar Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto as a result of a request by the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.19 or Section 9.02(c), then, in any such event, the Borrower shall, after receipt of a written request by any Lender affected by any such event (which request shall set forth in reasonable detail the basis for requesting such amount), compensate each Lender for the loss, cost and expense (excluding loss of profit) actually incurred by it as a result of such event. For purposes of calculating amounts payable by the Borrower to the Lenders under this Section 2.16, each Lender shall be deemed to have funded each Eurodollar Loan made by it at the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the Adjusted BA Rate or Adjusted EURIBOR, as applicable, for such Loan by a matching deposit or other borrowing in the applicable interbank eurodollar market or Canadian money market, as applicable, for a comparable amount and for a comparable period, whether or not such Eurodollar Loan was in fact so funded. A certificate of any Lender setting forth in reasonable detail any amount or amounts that such Lender is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 2.16 and the reasons therefor delivered to the Borrower shall be prima facie evidence of such amounts. The Borrower shall pay such Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 15 days after receipt of such demand. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 2.16 will not apply to losses, costs or expenses resulting from Taxes, as to which Section 2.17 shall govern. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Lender shall demand compensation pursuant to this Section 2.16 if it shall not at the time be the general policy or practice of such Lender to demand such compensation in similar circumstances under comparable provisions of other credit agreements. Each Lender hereby waives the right to receive compensation under this Section 2.16 for any loss, cost or expense incurred as a result of a Repricing Transaction.

SECTION 2.17 Taxes.

(a) Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any First Lien Loan Document shall be made free and clear of and without deduction for any Taxes, except as required by applicable Requirements of Law. If the applicable withholding agent (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Loan Party) shall be required by applicable Requirements of Law (as determined in the good faith discretion of the applicable withholding agent) to deduct any Taxes from such payments, then the applicable withholding agent shall make such deductions and shall timely pay the full amount deducted to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable Requirements of Law, and if such Taxes are Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes, then the amount payable by the applicable Loan Party shall be increased as necessary so that after all such required deductions have been made (including such deductions applicable to additional amounts payable under this Section 2.17), each Lender (or, in the case of a payment made to the First Lien Administrative Agent for its own account, the First Lien Administrative Agent) receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deductions been made.

(b) Without limiting the provisions of paragraph (a) above, the Borrower shall timely pay any Other Taxes to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable Requirements of Law, or at the option of the First Lien Administrative Agent timely reimburse it for the payment of, any Other Taxes.

(c) The Borrower shall indemnify the First Lien Administrative Agent and each Lender within 30 days after written demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes paid by the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender as the case may be, on or with respect to any payment by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any First Lien Loan Document and any Other Taxes paid by the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be (including Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section 2.17) and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom

 

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or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority. A certificate setting forth in reasonable detail the basis and calculation of the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Borrower by a Lender, or by the First Lien Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

(d) To the extent required by any applicable Requirements of Law (as determined in good faith by the First Lien Administrative Agent), the First Lien Administrative Agent may deduct or withhold from any payment to any Lender an amount equivalent to any applicable withholding Tax. If the Internal Revenue Service or any other Governmental Authority of the United States or other jurisdiction asserts a claim that the First Lien Administrative Agent did not properly withhold Tax from amounts paid to or for the account of any Lender for any reason (including because the appropriate form was not delivered or not properly executed, or because such Lender failed to notify the First Lien Administrative Agent of a change in circumstance that rendered the exemption from, or reduction of withholding Tax ineffective), such Lender shall indemnify and hold harmless the First Lien Administrative Agent (to the extent that the First Lien Administrative Agent has not already been reimbursed by the Loan Parties pursuant to Section 2.17(c) and without limiting any obligation of the Loan Parties to do so pursuant to such Section) fully for all amounts paid, directly or indirectly, by the First Lien Administrative Agent as Taxes or otherwise, together with all expenses incurred, including legal expenses, and any other out-of-pocket expenses, whether or not such Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to any Lender by the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be conclusive absent manifest error. Each Lender hereby authorizes the First Lien Administrative Agent to set off and apply any and all amounts at any time owing to such Lender under this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document against any amount due to the First Lien Administrative Agent under this Section 2.17(d). The agreements in this Section 2.17(d) shall survive the resignation and/or replacement of the First Lien Administrative Agent, any assignment of rights by, or the replacement of, a Lender, any assignment of rights by a Loan Party, the termination of this Agreement and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all other obligations under any First Lien Loan Document.

(e) As soon as practicable after any payment of any Taxes by a Loan Party to a Governmental Authority, the Borrower shall deliver to the First Lien Administrative Agent the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent.

(f) (1) Each Lender shall, at such times as are reasonably requested by Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent, provide the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent with any properly completed and executed documentation prescribed by any Requirement of Law, or reasonably requested by the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent, certifying as to any entitlement of such Lender to an exemption from, or reduction in, any withholding Tax with respect to any payments to be made to such Lender under the First Lien Loan Documents. In addition, any Lender, if reasonably requested by the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent, shall deliver such other documentation prescribed by any Requirement of Law or reasonably requested by the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent as will enable the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent to determine whether or not such Lender is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements. Each such Lender shall, whenever a lapse in time or change in circumstances renders any such documentation expired, obsolete or inaccurate in any respect (including any specific documentation required below in this Section 2.17(f)), deliver promptly to the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent updated or other appropriate documentation (including any new documentation reasonably requested by the applicable withholding agent) or promptly notify the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent in writing of its legal ineligibility to do so. Unless the applicable withholding agent has received forms or other documents satisfactory to it indicating that payments under any First Lien Loan Document to or for a Lender are not subject to withholding Tax or are subject to Tax at a rate reduced by an applicable Tax treaty, the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent or other applicable withholding agent shall withhold amounts required to be withheld by applicable law from such payments at the applicable statutory rate.

 

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(2) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing:

(i) Each Lender that is a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) shall deliver to the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent on or before the date on which it becomes a party to this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent) two properly completed and duly signed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 (or any successor form) certifying that such Lender is exempt from U.S. federal backup withholding Tax.

(ii) Each Foreign Lender shall deliver to the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent on or before the date on which it becomes a party to this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent) whichever of the following is applicable:

(A) two properly completed and duly signed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN-E (or any successor forms) claiming eligibility for benefits of an income Tax treaty to which the United States of America is a party,

(B) two properly completed and duly signed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8ECI (or any successor forms),

(C) in the case of a Foreign Lender claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 871(h) or Section 881(c) of the Code, (x) two properly completed and duly signed certificates, substantially in the form of Exhibit N (any such certificate a “United States Tax Compliance Certificate”), and (y) two properly completed and duly signed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN-E (or any successor forms),

(D) to the extent a Foreign Lender is not the beneficial owner (for example, where the Lender is a partnership or a participating Lender), two properly completed and duly signed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY (or any successor forms) of the Foreign Lender, accompanied by a Form W-8ECI, W-8BEN-E, United States Tax Compliance Certificate, Form W-9, Form W-8IMY (or other successor forms) and/or any other required information from each beneficial owner that would be required under this Section 2.17 if such beneficial owner were a Lender, as applicable (provided that, if the Lender is a partnership (and not a participating Lender) and one or more direct or indirect partners are claiming the portfolio interest exemption, the United States Tax Compliance Certificate may be provided by such Lender on behalf of such direct or indirect partner(s)), or

(E) two properly completed and duly signed copies of any other form prescribed by applicable Requirements of Law as a basis for claiming exemption from or a reduction in U.S. federal withholding Tax duly completed together with such supplementary documentation as may be prescribed by applicable Requirements of Law to permit the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent to determine the withholding or deduction required to be made.

(iii) If a payment made to any Lender under any First Lien Loan Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if such Lender were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such Lender shall deliver to the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent such documentation prescribed by applicable Requirements of Law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent as may be necessary for the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine whether such Lender has or has not complied with such Lender’s obligations under FATCA and, if necessary, to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment. Solely for purposes of this clause (iii), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement.

(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of this clause (f), a Lender shall not be required to deliver any form or certification that such Lender is not legally eligible to deliver.

 

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(4) Each Lender hereby authorizes the First Lien Administrative Agent to deliver to the Loan Parties and to any successor First Lien Administrative Agent any documentation provided by such Lender to the First Lien Administrative Agent pursuant to this Section 2.17(f).

(g) If the Borrower determines in good faith that a reasonable basis exists for contesting any Taxes for which indemnification has been demanded hereunder, the First Lien Administrative Agent or the relevant Lender, as applicable, shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with the Borrower in a reasonable challenge of such Taxes if so requested by the Borrower, provided that (a) the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender determines in its reasonable discretion that it would not be subject to any unreimbursed third party cost or expense or otherwise be prejudiced by cooperating in such challenge, (b) the Borrower pays all related expenses of the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender, as applicable and (c) the Borrower indemnifies the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender, as applicable, for any liabilities or other costs incurred by such party in connection with such challenge. If the First Lien Administrative Agent or a Lender receives a refund of any Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes as to which it has been indemnified by the Borrower or with respect to which the Borrower has paid additional amounts pursuant to this Section 2.17, it shall pay over such refund to the Borrower (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made, or additional amounts paid, by the Borrower under this Section 2.17 with respect to the Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including Taxes) of the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund); provided that the Borrower, upon the request of the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender, agrees promptly to repay the amount paid over to the Borrower (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) to the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender in the event the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. The First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, shall, at the Borrower’s request, provide the Borrower with a copy of any notice of assessment or other evidence of the requirement to repay such refund received from the relevant Governmental Authority (provided that the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender may delete any information therein that the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender deems confidential). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, this Section 2.17(g) shall not be construed to require the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender to make available its Tax returns (or any other information relating to Taxes which it deems confidential) to any Loan Party or any other person.

(h) The agreements in this Section 2.17 shall survive the resignation or replacement of the First Lien Administrative Agent or any assignment of rights by, or the replacement of, a Lender, the termination of this Agreement and the payment of the Loans and all other amounts payable hereunder.

(i) For purposes of this Section 2.17, the term “Lender” shall include any Issuing Bank and the Swingline Lender and the term “applicable Requirements of Law” includes FATCA.

SECTION 2.18 Payments Generally; Pro Rata Treatment; Sharing of Setoffs.

(a) The Borrower shall make each payment required to be made by it under any First Lien Loan Document (whether of principal, interest, fees or reimbursement of LC Disbursements, or of amounts payable under Section 2.15, 2.16 or 2.17, or otherwise) prior to the time expressly required hereunder or under such other First Lien Loan Document for such payment (or, if no such time is expressly required, prior to 2:00 p.m., New York City time or, in the case of prepayment of any Borrowing in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars), London, England time), on the date when due, in immediately available funds, without condition or deduction for any counterclaim, recoupment or setoff. Any amounts received after such time on any date may, in the discretion of the First Lien Administrative Agent, be deemed to have been received on the next succeeding Business Day for purposes of calculating interest thereon. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein and except with respect to principal of or interest on Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency, all such payments shall be made in Dollars to such account as may be specified by the First Lien Administrative Agent. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein and except with respect to principal of or interest on Loans denominated in Dollars, all payments by the Borrower hereunder with respect to principal of and interest on Loans denominated in Alternative Currency shall be made in such Alternative Currency to such account as may be specified by the First Lien Administrative Agent. If, for any reason, the Borrower is prohibited by any Requirements of Law from making any required payment hereunder in an Alternative Currency, the Borrower shall make such payment in Dollars in the Dollar Amount of the Alternative Currency payment amount (it being agreed that, for purposes of this sentence, the Dollar Amount shall be the amount

 

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that any Lender notifies to the First Lien Administrative Agent as the amount, as determined by such Lender in good faith, such Lender requires to purchase the Alternative Currency payment amount). Payments to be made directly to any Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender shall be made as expressly provided herein and except that payments pursuant to Sections 2.15, 2.16, 2.17 and 9.03 shall be made directly to the Persons entitled thereto and payments pursuant to other First Lien Loan Documents shall be made to the Persons specified therein. The First Lien Administrative Agent shall distribute any such payments received by it for the account of any other Person to the appropriate recipient promptly following receipt thereof. Except as otherwise provided herein, if any payment under any First Lien Loan Document shall be due on a day that is not a Business Day, the date for payment shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day. If any payment on a Eurodollar Loan becomes due and payable on a day other than a Business Day, the maturity thereof shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless the result of such extension would be to extend such payment into another calendar month, in which event such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day. In the case of any payment of principal pursuant to the preceding two sentences, interest thereon shall be payable at the then applicable rate for the period of such extension.

(b) If at any time insufficient funds are received by and available to the First Lien Administrative Agent to pay fully all amounts of principal, unreimbursed LC Disbursements, interest and fees then due hereunder, such funds shall be applied (i) first, towards payment of interest and fees then due hereunder, ratably among the parties entitled thereto in accordance with the amounts of interest and fees then due to such parties, and (ii) second, towards payment of principal and unreimbursed LC Disbursements then due hereunder, ratably among the parties entitled thereto in accordance with the amounts of principal and unreimbursed LC Disbursements then due to such parties.

(c) If any Lender shall, by exercising any right of setoff or counterclaim or otherwise, obtain payment in respect of any principal of or interest on any of its Revolving Loans, Term Loans or participations in LC Disbursements or Swingline Loans resulting in such Lender receiving payment of a greater proportion of the aggregate amount of its Revolving Loans, Term Loans and participations in LC Disbursements and Swingline Loans and accrued interest thereon than the proportion received by any other Lender, then the Lender receiving such greater proportion shall purchase (for cash at face value) participations in the Revolving Loans, Term Loans and participations in LC Disbursements and Swingline Loans of other Lenders to the extent necessary so that the benefit of all such payments shall be shared by the Lenders ratably in accordance with the aggregate amount of principal of and accrued interest on their respective Revolving Loans, Term Loans and participations in LC Disbursements and Swingline Loans; provided that (i) if any such participations are purchased and all or any portion of the payment giving rise thereto is recovered, such participations shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, without interest and (ii) the provisions of this paragraph shall not be construed to apply to (A) any payment made by the Borrower pursuant to and in accordance with the express terms of this Agreement (including the application of funds arising from the existence of a Defaulting Lender), (B) any payment obtained by a Lender as consideration for the assignment of or sale of a participation in any of its Loans or participations in LC Disbursements or Swingline Loans to any assignee or participant or (C) any disproportionate payment obtained by a Lender of any Class as a result of the extension by Lenders of the maturity date or expiration date of some but not all Loans or Revolving Commitments of that Class or any increase in the Applicable Rate in respect of Loans of Lenders that have consented to any such extension. The Borrower consents to the foregoing and agree, to the extent it may effectively do so under applicable law, that any Lender acquiring a participation pursuant to the foregoing arrangements may exercise against the Borrower’s rights of setoff and counterclaim with respect to such participation as fully as if such Lender were a direct creditor of the Borrower in the amount of such participation.

(d) Unless the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received notice from the Borrower prior to the date on which any payment is due to the First Lien Administrative Agent for the account of the Lenders or the Issuing Banks hereunder that the Borrower will not make such payment, the First Lien Administrative Agent may assume that the Borrower has made such payment on such date in accordance herewith and may, in reliance upon such assumption and in its sole discretion, distribute to the Lenders or Issuing Banks, as the case may be, the amount due. In such event, if the Borrower has not in fact made such payment, then each of the Lenders or Issuing Banks, as the case may be, severally agrees to repay to the First Lien Administrative Agent forthwith on demand the amount so distributed to such Lender or Issuing Bank with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is distributed to it to but excluding the date of payment to the First Lien Administrative Agent, at the greater of the Federal Funds Effective Rate (if denominated in Dollars or any Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars)) or the BA Rate (if denominated in Canadian Dollars) and a rate determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation.

 

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(e) If any Lender shall fail to make any payment required to be made by it pursuant to Section 2.04(c), Section 2.05(e) or Section 2.05(f), Section 2.06(a) or Section 2.06(b), Section 2.18(d) or Section 9.03(c), then the First Lien Administrative Agent may, in its discretion and in the order determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent (notwithstanding any contrary provision hereof), (i) apply any amounts thereafter received by the First Lien Administrative Agent for the account of such Lender to satisfy such Lender’s obligations under such Section until all such unsatisfied obligations are fully paid and/or (ii) hold any such amounts in a segregated account as cash collateral for, and to be applied to, any future funding obligations of such Lender under any such Section.

SECTION 2.19 Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders.

(a) If any Lender requests compensation under Section 2.15, or if the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 2.17 or any event gives rise to the operation of Section 2.23, then such Lender shall use reasonable efforts to designate a different lending office for funding or booking its Loans hereunder or its participation in any Letter of Credit affected by such event, or to assign and delegate its rights and obligations hereunder to another of its offices, branches or Affiliates, if, in the judgment of such Lender, such designation or assignment and delegation (i) would eliminate or reduce amounts payable pursuant to Section 2.15 or 2.17 or mitigate the applicability of Section 2.23, as the case may be, and (ii) would not subject such Lender to any unreimbursed cost or expense reasonably deemed by such Lender to be material and would not be inconsistent with the internal policies of, or otherwise be disadvantageous in any material economic, legal or regulatory respect to, such Lender.

(b) If (i) any Lender requests compensation under Section 2.15 or gives notice under Section 2.23, (ii) the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or to any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 2.17, (iii) any Lender is or becomes a Disqualified Lender or (iv) any Lender is a Defaulting Lender, then the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Lender and the First Lien Administrative Agent, require such Lender to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in Section 9.04), all its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents to an Eligible Assignee that shall assume such obligations (which assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment and delegation); provided that (A) the Borrower shall have received the prior written consent of the First Lien Administrative Agent to the extent such consent would be required under Section 9.04(b) for an assignment of Loans or Commitments, as applicable (and if a Revolving Commitment is being assigned and delegated, each Issuing Bank and each Swingline Lender), which consents, in each case, shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, (B) such Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to the outstanding principal of its Loans and unreimbursed participations in LC Disbursements and Swingline Loans, accrued but unpaid interest thereon, accrued but unpaid fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder from the assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower (in the case of all other amounts), (C) the Borrower or such assignee shall have paid (unless waived) to the First Lien Administrative Agent the processing and recordation fee specified in Section 9.04(b)(ii) and (D) in the case of any such assignment resulting from a claim for compensation under Section 2.15, or payments required to be made pursuant to Section 2.17 or a notice given under Section 2.23, such assignment will result in a material reduction in such compensation or payments. A Lender shall not be required to make any such assignment and delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such Lender or otherwise (including as a result of any action taken by such Lender under paragraph (a) above), the circumstances entitling the Borrower to require such assignment and delegation cease to apply. Each party hereto agrees that an assignment required pursuant to this paragraph may be effected pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption executed by the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent and the assignee and that the Lender required to make such assignment need not be a party thereto.

SECTION 2.20 Incremental Credit Extensions.

(a) The Borrower may at any time or from time to time on one or more occasions after the Effective Date, by written notice delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent, request (i) one or more additional Classes of term loans (each a “First Lien Incremental Term Facility”), (ii) one or more additional term loans of the same Class of any existing Class of term loans (each an “First Lien Incremental Term Increase”), (iii) one or more

 

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increases in the amount of the Revolving Commitments of any Class (each such increase, an “Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase”) and/or (iv) one or more additional Classes of Revolving Commitments (the “Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments,” and, together with any First Lien Incremental Term Facility, First Lien Incremental Term Increase and the Incremental Revolving Commitment Increases, the “First Lien Incremental Facilities” and any Loans thereunder, the “Incremental Loans”); provided that, after giving effect to the effectiveness of any Incremental Facility Amendment referred to below and at the time that any such First Lien Incremental Facility is made or effected, (i) no Event of Default (except, in the case of the incurrence or provision of any First Lien Incremental Facility in connection with a Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited by the terms of this Agreement, no Specified Event of Default) shall have occurred and be continuing and (ii) the Borrower shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the Test Period then last ended (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable at such time and without deducting in calculating the numerator of such Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio any cash proceeds thereof). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the aggregate principal amount of the First Lien Incremental Facilities that can be incurred at any time shall not exceed the Incremental Cap at such time. Each First Lien Incremental Facility shall be in a minimum principal amount of $5,000,000 and integral multiples of $1,000,000 in excess thereof if such Incremental Facilities are denominated in Dollars (unless the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent otherwise agree); provided that such amount may be less than $5,000,000 and to the extent such amount represents all the remaining availability under the aggregate principal amount of First Lien Incremental Facilities set forth above.

(b) (i) The First Lien Incremental Term Facilities (a) shall (i) rank equal or junior in right of payment with the Term Loans, (ii) if secured, shall be secured only by the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations and (iii) only be guaranteed by the Loan Parties, (b) shall not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date, (c) shall not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the remaining Initial Term Loans, (d) shall have a maturity date (subject to clause (b)), an amortization schedule (subject to clause (c)), interest rates (including through fixed interest rates), “most favored nation” provisions (if any), interest margins, rate floors, upfront fees, funding discounts, original issue discounts, financial covenants (if any), prepayment terms and premiums and other terms and conditions as determined by the Borrower and the Additional Term Lenders thereunder; provided that, for any First Lien Incremental Term Facility incurred that (x) ranks equal in right of payment with the Initial Term Loans and is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Secured Obligations and (y) is denominated in U.S. Dollars, in the event that the Effective Yield for any such First Lien Incremental Term Facility is greater than the Effective Yield for the Initial Term Loans by more than 0.50% per annum, then the Effective Yield for the Initial Term Loans shall be increased to the extent necessary so that the Effective Yield for the Initial Term Loans is equal to the Effective Yield for such First Lien Incremental Term Facility minus 0.50% per annum (provided that the “LIBOR floor” applicable to the outstanding Initial Term Loans shall be increased to an amount not to exceed the “LIBOR floor” applicable to such First Lien Incremental Term Facility prior to any increase in the Applicable Rate applicable to such Initial Term Loans then outstanding); and (e) may otherwise have terms and conditions different from those of the Term Loans (including currency denomination); provided that (x) to the extent the terms and documentation with respect to such First Lien Incremental Term Loans are not consistent with the existing Term Loans (except with respect to matters contemplated by clauses (b), (c) and (d) above), the covenants, events of default and guarantees of any such First Lien Incremental Term Loans shall not be materially more restrictive to the Borrower, when taken as a whole, than the terms of the Initial Term Loans unless (1) Lenders under the Initial Term Loans also receive the benefit of such more restrictive terms (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any Incremental Term Facility, no consent shall be required from the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of the Term Lenders to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is also added or modified for the benefit of the existing Term Loans), (2) any such provisions apply after the Term Maturity Date or (3) such terms are reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower and (y) in no event shall it be a condition to the effectiveness of, or borrowing under, any such First Lien Incremental Term Loans that any representation or warranty of any Loan Party set forth herein be true and correct, except and solely to the extent required by the Additional Term Lenders providing such First Lien Incremental Term Loans. Any First Lien Incremental Term Increase shall be on the same terms and pursuant to the same documentation applicable to the Term Loans (except with respect to matters contemplated by clauses (b), (c) and (d) above). Any Incremental Term Facility shall be on terms and pursuant to documentation as determined by the Borrower and the Additional Term Lenders providing such Incremental Term Facility, subject to the restrictions and exceptions set forth above.

 

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(ii) The First Lien Incremental Term Increases shall be treated the same as the Class of Term Loans being increased (including with respect to maturity date thereof), shall be considered to be part of the Class of Term Loans being increased and applicable to the Initial Term Loans (excluding upfront fees and customary arranger fees); provided that (i) the pricing, interest rate margins, “most favored nation” (if any) provisions and rate floors on the Class of Term Loans being increased may be increased and additional upfront or similar fees may be payable to the lenders providing the First Lien Incremental Term Increase (without any requirement to pay such fees to any existing Term Lenders) and (ii) such First Lien Incremental Term Increase shall be subject to the “most favored nation” pricing adjustment (if applicable) set forth in the proviso to Section 2.20(b)(i) as if such First Lien Incremental Term Increase was a First Lien Incremental Term Facility incurred hereunder.

(iii) The Incremental Revolving Commitment Increases shall be treated the same as the Class of Revolving Commitments being increased (including with respect to maturity date thereof), shall be considered to be part of the Class of Revolving Loans being increased and shall be on the same terms applicable to the Revolving Loans (excluding upfront fees and customary arranger fees); provided that if the pricing, interest rate margins, “most favored nation” (if any) provisions, rate floors and undrawn commitment fees on the Class of Revolving Commitments being increased may be increased and additional upfront or similar fees may be payable to the lenders providing the Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase (without any requirement to pay such fees to any existing Revolving Lenders)).

(iv) The Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments (a) shall (i) rank equal or junior in right of payment with the Revolving Loans, (ii) if secured, be secured only by the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations and (iii) only be guaranteed by the Loan Parties, (b) shall not mature earlier than the Revolving Maturity Date and shall require no scheduled amortization or mandatory commitment reduction prior to the Revolving Maturity Date, (c) shall have interest rates (including through fixed interest rates), interest margins, rate floors, upfront fees, undrawn commitment fees, funding discounts, original issue discounts, prepayment terms and premiums, financial covenants (if any) commitment reduction and termination terms and other terms and conditions as determined by the Borrower and the lenders of such commitments, (d) shall contain borrowing, repayment and termination of Commitment procedures as determined by the Borrower and the lenders of such commitments, (e) may include provisions relating to letters of credit, as applicable, issued thereunder, which issuances shall be on terms substantially similar (except for the overall size of such subfacilities, the fees payable in connection therewith and the identity of the letter of credit issuer, as applicable, which shall be determined by the Borrower, the lenders of such commitments and the applicable letter of credit issuers and borrowing, repayment and termination of commitment procedures with respect thereto, in each case which shall be specified in the applicable Incremental Facility Amendment) to the terms relating to the Letters of Credit with respect to the applicable Class of Revolving Commitments or otherwise reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent and (f) may otherwise have terms and conditions different from those of the Revolving Commitments and the Revolving Loans made under this Agreement (including currency denomination); provided that (x) to the extent the terms and documentation with respect to such Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments are not consistent with the existing Revolving Commitments (except with respect to matters contemplated by clauses (b), (c), (d) and (e) above), the covenants, events of default and guarantees of any such Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments shall not be materially more restrictive to the Borrower, when taken as a whole, than the terms of the Revolving Commitments unless (1) Lenders under Revolving Commitments also receive the benefit of such more restrictive terms (it being understood that, to the extent that any financial maintenance covenant is added for the benefit of any Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitment, no consent shall be required from the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of the Revolving Lenders to the extent that such financial maintenance covenant is also added for the benefit of the existing Revolving Commitments), (2) any such provisions apply after the Revolving Maturity Date or (3) such terms shall be reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower and (y) in no event shall it be a condition to the effectiveness of, or initial borrowing under, any such Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments that any representation or warranty of any Loan Party set forth herein be true and correct, except and solely to the extent required by the Additional/Replacement Revolving Lenders providing such Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments. Any Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments shall be on terms and pursuant to documentation as determined by the Borrower and the Additional/Replacement Revolving Lenders providing such Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments, subject to the restrictions set forth above.

 

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(c) First Lien Incremental Facilities shall become Commitments and Loans, as applicable, under this Agreement pursuant to an amendment (an “Incremental Facility Amendment”) to this Agreement and, as appropriate, the other First Lien Loan Documents, executed by the Borrower, each Lender agreeing to provide such Commitment or Loan, if any, each Additional Lender, if any, and the First Lien Administrative Agent. Any Incremental Facility Amendment may provide for the issuance of Letters of Credit for the account of the Borrower, pursuant to any Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase or Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments established thereby, in each case on terms substantially equivalent to the terms applicable to Letters of Credit under the Revolving Commitments; provided that no Issuing Bank shall be required to act as “issuing bank” and no Swingline Lender shall be required to act as “swingline lender” under any such Incremental Facility Amendment without its written consent. A First Lien Incremental Facility may be provided, subject to the prior written consent of the Borrower (not to be unreasonably withheld), by any existing Lender (it being understood that no existing Lender shall have the right to participate in any First Lien Incremental Facility or, unless it agrees, be obligated to provide any First Lien Incremental Facilities) or by any Additional Lender. Any loan under a First Lien Incremental Facility shall be a “Loan” for all purposes of this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents. The Incremental Facility Amendment may, subject to Section 2.20(b), without the consent of any other Lenders, effect such amendments to this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents as may be necessary, in the reasonable opinion of the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower, to effect the provisions of this Section 2.20 (including, in connection with an Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase or Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments, to reallocate Revolving Exposure on a pro rata basis among the relevant Revolving Lenders). In addition, if so provided in the relevant Incremental Facility Amendment and with the consent of each Issuing Bank, participations in Letters of Credit expiring on or after the Revolving Maturity Date shall be reallocated from Lenders holding Revolving Commitments to Lenders holding extended revolving commitments in accordance with the terms of such Incremental Facility Amendment; provided, however, that such participation interests shall, upon receipt thereof by the relevant Lenders holding Revolving Commitments, be deemed to be participation interests in respect of such Revolving Commitments and the terms of such participation interests (including, without limitation, the commission applicable thereto) shall be adjusted accordingly. The effectiveness of any Incremental Facility Amendment and the occurrence of any credit event (including the making (but not the conversion or continuation) of a Loan and the issuance, increase in the amount, or extension of a Letter of Credit thereunder) pursuant to such Incremental Facility Amendment shall be subject to the satisfaction of such conditions as the parties thereto shall agree and as required by this Section 2.20. The Borrower will use the proceeds of the First Lien Incremental Term Loans, Incremental Revolving Commitment Increases and Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments for any purpose not prohibited by this Agreement.

(d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, this Section 2.20 shall supersede any provisions in Section 2.18 or Section 9.02 to the contrary.

SECTION 2.21 Refinancing Amendments.

(a) At any time after the Effective Date, the Borrower may obtain, from any Lender or any Additional Lender, Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness in respect of (i) all or any portion of the Term Loans then outstanding under this Agreement (which for purposes of this clause (i) will be deemed to include any then outstanding Other First Lien Term Loans), (ii) all or any portion of the Revolving Loans (or unused Revolving Commitments) under this Agreement (which for purposes of this clause (ii) will be deemed to include any then outstanding Other Revolving Loans and Other Revolving Commitments) and (iii) all or any portion of First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt, in the form of (x) Other First Lien Term Loans or Other First Lien Term Commitments or (y) Other Revolving Loans or Other Revolving Commitments, as the case may be, in each case pursuant to a Refinancing Amendment; provided that such Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness (i) will be unsecured or will be secured by the Collateral on a pari passu or junior basis with the Secured Obligations (and if secured, subject to the terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or a Customary Intercreditor Agreement, as applicable), (ii) will have such pricing and optional prepayment terms as may be agreed by the Borrower and the Lenders thereof, and (iii) the Net Proceeds of such Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness shall be applied, substantially concurrently with the incurrence thereof, to the prepayment of outstanding Term Loans or reduction of Revolving Commitments being so refinanced or the prepayment, satisfaction and discharge or redemption of outstanding First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt, as the case may be. The effectiveness of any Refinancing Amendment shall be subject to the satisfaction on the date thereof of the conditions as agreed between the lenders providing such Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness and the Borrower and, to the extent reasonably requested by the First Lien

 

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Administrative Agent, receipt by the First Lien Administrative Agent of legal opinions, board resolutions, officers’ certificates and/or reaffirmation agreements consistent with those delivered on the Effective Date under Section 4.01 (other than changes to such legal opinions resulting from a change in law, change in fact or change to counsel’s form of opinion reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent). Each Class of Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness incurred under this Section 2.21 shall be in an aggregate principal amount that is (x) not less than $10,000,000 in the case of Other Term Loans or $10,000,000 in the case of Other Revolving Loans and (y) an integral multiple of $1,000,000 in excess thereof (in each case unless the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent otherwise agree). Any Refinancing Amendment may provide for the issuance of Letters of Credit for the account of the Borrower, or the provision to the Borrower of Swingline Loans, pursuant to any Other Revolving Commitments established thereby, in each case on terms substantially equivalent to the terms applicable to Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans under the Revolving Commitments; provided that no Issuing Bank or Swingline Lender shall be required to act as “issuing bank” or “swingline lender” under any such Refinancing Amendment without its written consent. The First Lien Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender as to the effectiveness of each Refinancing Amendment. Each of the parties hereto hereby agrees that, upon the effectiveness of any Refinancing Amendment, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent (but only to the extent) necessary to reflect the existence and terms of the Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness incurred pursuant thereto (including any amendments necessary to treat the Loans and Commitments subject thereto as Other First Lien Term Loans, Other Revolving Loans, Other Revolving Commitments and/or Other First Lien Term Commitments). Any Refinancing Amendment may, without the consent of any other Lenders, effect such amendments to this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents as may be necessary or appropriate, in the reasonable opinion of the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower, to effect the provisions of this Section 2.21 (including, in connection with an Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase or Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments, to reallocate Revolving Exposure on a pro rata basis among the relevant Revolving Lenders). In addition, if so provided in the relevant Refinancing Amendment and with the consent of each Issuing Bank, participations in Letters of Credit expiring on or after the Revolving Maturity Date shall be reallocated from Lenders holding Revolving Commitments to Lenders holding extended revolving commitments in accordance with the terms of such Refinancing Amendment; provided, however, that such participation interests shall, upon receipt thereof by the relevant Lenders holding Revolving Commitments, be deemed to be participation interests in respect of such Revolving Commitments and the terms of such participation interests (including, without limitation, the commission applicable thereto) shall be adjusted accordingly.

(b) This Section 2.21 shall supersede any provisions in Section 2.18 or Section 9.02 to the contrary.

SECTION 2.22 Defaulting Lenders.

(a) Adjustments. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, if any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, then, until such time as that Lender is no longer a Defaulting Lender, to the extent permitted by applicable law:

(i) Waivers and Amendments. Such Defaulting Lender’s right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver or consent with respect to this Agreement shall be restricted as set forth in Section 9.02.

(ii) Reallocation of Payments. Subject to the last sentence of Section 2.11(f), any payment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts received by the First Lien Administrative Agent for the account of that Defaulting Lender (whether voluntary or mandatory, at maturity, pursuant to Article VII or otherwise, and including any amounts made available to the First Lien Administrative Agent by that Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 9.08), shall be applied at such time or times as may be determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent as follows: first, to the payment of any amounts owing by that Defaulting Lender to the First Lien Administrative Agent hereunder; second, in the case of a Revolving Lender, to the payment on a pro rata basis of any amounts owing by that Defaulting Lender to each Issuing Bank and the Swingline Lender hereunder; third, as the Borrower may request (so long as no Default or Event of Default exists), to the funding of any Loan in respect of which that Defaulting Lender has failed to fund its portion thereof as required by this Agreement, as determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent; fourth, in the case of a Revolving Lender, if so determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower, to be held in a non-interest bearing deposit account and released in order to satisfy obligations of that Defaulting Lender to fund Loans under this Agreement; fifth,

 

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to the payment of any amounts owing to the Lenders, the Issuing Banks or the Swingline Lender as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by any Lender, such Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender against that Defaulting Lender as a result of that Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement; sixth, so long as no Default or Event of Default exists, to the payment of any amounts owing to any Loan Party as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by any Loan Party against that Defaulting Lender as a result of that Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement; and seventh, to that Defaulting Lender or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction; provided that if such payment is a payment of the principal amount of any Loans or LC Disbursements and such Lender is a Defaulting Lender under clause (a) of the definition thereof, such payment shall be applied solely to pay the relevant Loans of, and LC Disbursements owed to, the relevant non-Defaulting Lenders on a pro rata basis prior to being applied pursuant to Section 2.05(j) or this Section 2.22(a)(ii). Any payments, prepayments or other amounts paid or payable to a Defaulting Lender that are applied (or held) to pay amounts owed by a Defaulting Lender or to post cash collateral pursuant to Section 2.05(j) shall be deemed paid to and redirected by that Defaulting Lender, and each Lender irrevocably consents hereto.

(iii) Certain Fees. That Defaulting Lender (x) shall not be entitled to receive or accrue any commitment fee pursuant to Section 2.12(a) for any period during which that Lender is a Defaulting Lender (and the Borrower shall not be required to pay any such fee that otherwise would have been required to have been paid to that Defaulting Lender) and (y) shall be limited in its right to receive Letter of Credit fees as provided in Section 2.12(b).

(iv) Reallocation of Applicable Percentages to Reduce Fronting Exposure. During any period in which there is a Defaulting Lender, for purposes of computing the amount of the obligation of each non-Defaulting Lender to acquire, refinance or fund participations in Swingline Loans and Letters of Credit pursuant to Sections 2.04 and 2.05 and the payments of participation fees pursuant to Section 2.12(b), the “Applicable Percentage” of each non-Defaulting Lender shall be computed without giving effect to the Revolving Commitment of that Defaulting Lender; provided that the aggregate obligation of each non-Defaulting Lender to acquire, refinance or fund participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans shall not exceed the positive difference, if any, of (1) the Revolving Commitment of that non-Defaulting Lender minus (2) the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Loans of that non-Defaulting Lender.

(v) Cash Collateral, Repayment of Swingline Loans. If the reallocation described in clause (iv) above cannot, or can only partially, be effected, the Borrower shall, without prejudice to any right or remedy available to it hereunder or under law, (x) first, prepay Swingline Loans in an amount equal to the Swingline Lenders’ Defaulting Lender Fronting Exposure and (y) second, cash collateralize the Issuing Banks’ Applicable Fronting Exposure in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 2.05(j).

(b) Defaulting Lender Cure. If the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender and each Issuing Bank agree in writing in their sole discretion that a Defaulting Lender should no longer be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender, the First Lien Administrative Agent will so notify the parties hereto, whereupon as of the effective date specified in such notice and subject to any conditions set forth therein (which may include arrangements with respect to any cash collateral), such Lender will, to the extent applicable, purchase that portion of outstanding Loans of such Class of the other applicable Lenders or take such other actions as the First Lien Administrative Agent may determine to be necessary to cause the applicable Loans and funded and unfunded participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans of such Class to be held on a pro rata basis by the applicable Lenders of such Class in accordance with their Applicable Percentages (without giving effect to Section 2.22(a)(iv) or the proviso to the definition thereof), whereupon that Lender will cease to be a Defaulting Lender with respect to such Class; provided that no adjustments will be made retroactively with respect to fees accrued or payments made by or on behalf of the Borrower while that Lender was a Defaulting Lender; and provided further that except to the extent otherwise expressly agreed by the affected parties, no change hereunder from Defaulting Lender to Lender will constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder arising from that Lender’s having been a Defaulting Lender.

 

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SECTION 2.23 Illegality.

If any Lender determines that any law has made it unlawful, or that any Governmental Authority has asserted that it is unlawful, for any Lender to make, maintain or fund Loans whose interest is determined by reference to the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the Adjusted BA Rate or Adjusted EURIBOR (whether denominated in Dollars or an Alternative Currency), or to determine or charge interest rates based upon the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the Adjusted BA Rate or Adjusted EURIBOR, then, on notice thereof by such Lender to Borrower through the First Lien Administrative Agent, (i) any obligation of such Lender to make or continue Eurodollar Loans in the affected currency or currencies or to convert ABR Loans to Eurodollar Loans in the affected currency or currencies shall be suspended, and (ii) if such notice asserts the illegality of such Lender making or maintaining ABR Loans the interest rate on which is determined by reference to the Adjusted LIBO Rate component of the Alternate Base Rate or the Adjusted BA Rate component of the Canadian Base Rate, the interest rate on such ABR Loans of such Lender shall, if necessary to avoid such illegality, be determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent without reference to the Adjusted LIBO Rate component of the Alternate Base Rate or the Adjusted BA Rate component of the Canadian Base Rate, as applicable, in each case until such Lender notifies the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower that the circumstances giving rise to such determination no longer exist. Upon receipt of such notice, (x) the Borrower shall, upon three Business Days’ notice from such Lender (with a copy to the First Lien Administrative Agent), prepay or (I) if applicable and such Loans are denominated in Dollars or Canadian Dollars, convert all Eurodollar Loans denominated in Dollars or Canadian Dollars of such Lender to ABR Loans (the interest rate on which ABR Loans of such Lender shall, if necessary to avoid such illegality, be determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent without reference to the Adjusted LIBO Rate component of the Alternate Base Rate or the Adjusted BA Rate component of the Canadian Base Rate, as applicable), either on the last day of the Interest Period therefor, if such Lender may lawfully continue to maintain such Eurodollar Loans to such day, or immediately, if such Lender may not lawfully continue to maintain such Eurodollar Loans, or (II) if applicable and such Loans are denominated in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars), to the extent the Borrower and the applicable Lenders agree, convert such Loans to Loans bearing interest at an alternative rate mutually acceptable to the Borrower and all of the applicable Lenders, in each case, either on the last day of the Interest Period therefor, if such Lender may lawfully continue to maintain such Eurodollar Loans to such day, or immediately, if such Lender may not lawfully continue to maintain such Eurodollar Loans; provided, however, that if the Borrower and the applicable Lender cannot agree within a reasonable time on an alternative rate for such Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency (other than Canadian Dollars), the Borrower may, at its discretion, either (i) prepay such Loans or (ii) maintain such Loans outstanding, in which case, the interest rate payable to the applicable Lender on such Loans will be the rate determined by such Lender as its cost of funds to fund a Borrowing of such Loans with maturities comparable to the Interest Period applicable thereto plus the Applicable Rate unless the maintenance of such Loans outstanding on such basis would not stop the conditions described in the first sentence of this Section 2.23 from existing (in which case the Borrower shall be required to prepay such Loans), and (y) if such notice asserts the illegality of such Lender determining or charging interest rates based upon the Adjusted LIBO Rate or the Adjusted BA Rate, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall during the period of such suspension compute the Alternate Base Rate or the Canadian Base Rate, as applicable, applicable to such Lender without reference to the Adjusted LIBO Rate component or the Adjusted BA Rate component, as applicable, thereof until the First Lien Administrative Agent is advised in writing by such Lender that it is no longer illegal for such Lender to determine or charge interest rates based upon the Adjusted LIBO Rate or the Adjusted BA Rate, as applicable. Each Lender agrees to notify the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower in writing promptly upon becoming aware that it is no longer illegal for such Lender to determine or charge interest rates based upon the Adjusted LIBO Rate, the Adjusted BA Rate or Adjusted EURIBOR. Upon any such prepayment or conversion, the Borrower shall also pay accrued interest on the amount so prepaid or converted.

SECTION 2.24 Loan Modification Offers.

(a) At any time after the Effective Date, the Borrower may on one or more occasions, by written notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent, make one or more offers (each, a “Loan Modification Offer”) to all the Lenders of one or more Classes (each Class subject to such a Loan Modification Offer, an “Affected Class”) to effect one or more Permitted Amendments relating to such Affected Class pursuant to procedures reasonably specified by the First Lien Administrative Agent and reasonably acceptable to the Borrower (including mechanics to permit cashless rollovers and exchanges by Lenders). Such notice shall set forth (i) the terms and conditions of the requested Permitted Amendment and (ii) the date on which such Permitted Amendment is requested to become effective. Permitted Amendments shall become effective only with respect to the Loans and Commitments of the

 

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Lenders of the Affected Class that accept the applicable Loan Modification Offer (such Lenders, the “Accepting Lenders”) and, in the case of any Accepting Lender, only with respect to such Lender’s Loans and Commitments of such Affected Class as to which such Lender’s acceptance has been made.

(b) A Permitted Amendment shall be effected pursuant to a Loan Modification Agreement executed and delivered by Holdings, the Borrower, each applicable Accepting Lender and the First Lien Administrative Agent; provided that no Permitted Amendment shall become effective unless Holdings and the Borrower shall have delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent such legal opinions, board resolutions, secretary’s certificates, officer’s certificates and other documents as shall be reasonably requested by the First Lien Administrative Agent in connection therewith. The First Lien Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender as to the effectiveness of each Loan Modification Agreement. Each Loan Modification Agreement may, without the consent of any Lender other than the applicable Accepting Lenders, effect such amendments to this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents as may be necessary or appropriate, in the opinion of the First Lien Administrative Agent, to give effect to the provisions of this Section 2.24, including any amendments necessary to treat the applicable Loans and/or Commitments of the Accepting Lenders as a new “Class” of loans and/or commitments hereunder.

(c) If, in connection with any proposed Loan Modification Offer, any Lender declines to consent to such Loan Modification Offer on the terms and by the deadline set forth in such Loan Modification Offer (each such Lender, a “Non-Accepting Lender”) then the Borrower may, on notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Non-Accepting Lender, (i) replace such Non-Accepting Lender in whole or in part by causing such Lender to (and such Lender shall be obligated to) assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in Section 9.04) all or any part of its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement in respect of the Loans and Commitments of the Affected Class to one or more Eligible Assignees (which Eligible Assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment); provided that neither the First Lien Administrative Agent nor any Lender shall have any obligation to the Borrower to find a replacement Lender; provided, further, that (a) the applicable assignee shall have agreed to provide Loans and/or Commitments on the terms set forth in the applicable Permitted Amendment, (b) such Non-Accepting Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to the outstanding principal of the Loans of the Affected Class assigned by it pursuant to this Section 2.24(c), accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts (including any amounts under Section 2.11(a)(i)) payable to it hereunder from the Eligible Assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) and (c) unless waived, the Borrower or such Eligible Assignee shall have paid to the First Lien Administrative Agent the processing and recordation fee specified in Section 9.04(b).

(d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, this Section 2.24 shall supersede any provisions in Section 2.18 or Section 9.02 to the contrary.

ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

Each of Holdings and the Borrower represents and warrants to the Lenders that:

SECTION 3.01 Organization; Powers.

Each of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries is (a) duly organized or incorporated, validly existing and in good standing (to the extent such concept exists in the relevant jurisdictions) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, (b) has the corporate or other organizational power and authority to carry on its business as now conducted and to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under each First Lien Loan Document to which it is a party and (c) is qualified to do business in, and is in good standing in, every jurisdiction where such qualification is required, except in the cases of clause (a) (other than with respect to the Borrower), clause (b) and clause (c), where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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SECTION 3.02 Authorization; Enforceability.

This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by each of Holdings and the Borrower and constitutes, and each other First Lien Loan Document to which any Loan Party is to be a party, when executed and delivered by such Loan Party, will constitute, a legal, valid and binding obligation of Holdings, the Borrower or such Loan Party, as the case may be, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

SECTION 3.03 Governmental Approvals; No Conflicts.

Except as set forth on Schedule 3.03, the First Lien Financing Transactions (a) do not require any consent or approval of, registration or filing with, or any other action by, any Governmental Authority, except such as have been obtained or made and are in full force and effect and except filings necessary to perfect Liens created under the First Lien Loan Documents, (b) will not violate (i) the Organizational Documents of, or (ii) any Requirements of Law applicable to, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, (c) will not violate or result in a default under any indenture or other agreement or instrument binding upon Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or their respective assets, or give rise to a right thereunder to require any payment, repurchase or redemption to be made by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, or give rise to a right of, or result in, termination, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation thereunder and (d) will not result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any asset of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary(other than Liens created under the First Lien Loan Documents) except (in the case of each of clauses (a), (b)(ii) and (c)) to the extent that the failure to obtain or make such consent, approval, registration, filing or action, or such violation, default or right, as the case may be, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.04 Financial Condition; No Material Adverse Effect.

(a) The Audited Financial Statements (i) were prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein, and (ii) fairly present in all material respects the financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof and their results of operations and cash flows for the period covered thereby in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein.

(b) Since the Effective Date, there has been no Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.05 Properties.

Each of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries has good fee simple, or the equivalent in foreign jurisdictions, title to, or valid leasehold (or license or similar) interests in or other limited property interests in, all its real and personal property material to its business, if any (including all of the Mortgaged Properties), (i) free and clear of all Liens except for Liens permitted by Section 6.02 and (ii) except for minor defects in title or interest that do not interfere with its ability to conduct its business as currently conducted or as proposed to be conducted or to utilize such properties for their intended purposes, in each case, except where the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.06 Litigation and Environmental Matters.

(a) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.06, there are no actions, suits or proceedings by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority pending against or, to the knowledge of Holdings or the Borrower, threatened in writing against or affecting Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary that would reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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(b) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.06, and except with respect to any other matters that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, none of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary (i) is not in compliance with any Environmental Law or permit, license or approval required under any Environmental Law, (ii) has, to the knowledge of Holdings or the Borrower, become subject to any Environmental Liability or (iii) has received written notice of any claim with respect to any Environmental Liability.

SECTION 3.07 Compliance with Laws and Agreements.

Each of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries is in compliance with (a) its Organizational Documents, (b) all Requirements of Law applicable to it or its property and (c) all indentures and other agreements and instruments binding upon it or its property, except, in the case of clauses (b) and (c) of this Section 3.07, where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.08 Investment Company Status.

None of the Loan Parties is required to register as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time.

SECTION 3.09 Taxes.

Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, Holdings, each Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and each Restricted Subsidiary (a) have timely filed or caused to be filed all Tax returns and reports required to have been filed and (b) have paid or caused to be paid all Taxes levied or imposed on their properties, income or assets (whether or not shown on a Tax return) including in their capacity as tax withholding agents, except any Taxes that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, provided that Holdings, the Borrower or such Intermediate Parent or Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, has set aside on its books adequate reserves therefor in accordance with GAAP. There is no proposed Tax assessment, deficiency or other claim against Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary that would reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.10 ERISA.

(a) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, each Plan sponsored by a Loan Party is in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and other federal or state laws.

(b) Except as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) no ERISA Event has occurred during the six year period prior to the date on which this representation is made or deemed made or is reasonably expected to occur and (ii) neither any Loan Party nor, to the knowledge of Holdings and the Borrower, any ERISA Affiliate has engaged in a transaction that would reasonably be expected to be subject to Section 4069 or 4212(c) of ERISA.

(c) Except as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) each employee benefit plan (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA) sponsored by a Loan Party that is intended to meet the requirements of a “qualified plan” under Section 401(a) of the Code has either received a favorable determination letter from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that the form of such plan is qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code or is in the form of a prototype or volume submitter plan that has received a favorable opinion letter, in each case from the Internal Revenue Service as to such plan’s qualified status and the trust related thereto has been determined by the Internal Revenue Service to be exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(a) of the Code, or an application for such a letter is currently being processed by the Internal Revenue Service; (ii) to the knowledge of Holdings and the Borrower, no fact or event has occurred that could adversely affect the qualified status of any such employee benefit plan or the exempt status of any such trust; and (iii) there are no pending or, to the knowledge of Holdings and the Borrower, threatened (in writing) claims, actions or lawsuits, or action by any Governmental Authority, with respect to any such plan.

 

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SECTION 3.11 Disclosure.

As of the Effective Date, all written factual information and written factual data (other than projections the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and information of a general economic or industry specific nature) furnished by or on behalf of any of Holdings, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries to the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Joint Lead Arranger or any Lender in connection with the Transactions, when taken as a whole after giving effect to all supplements and updates provided thereto, is correct in all material respects and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein not materially misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made; provided that, with respect to the projections, Holdings and the Borrower represent only that such projections, when taken as a whole, were prepared in good faith based upon assumptions believed by them to be reasonable at the time delivered, it being understood that (i) such projections are merely a prediction as to future events and are not to be viewed as facts, (ii) such projections are subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the control of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries and (iii) no assurance can be given that any particular projections will be realized and that actual results during the period or periods covered by any such projections may differ significantly from the projected results and such differences may be material.

SECTION 3.12 Subsidiaries.

As of the Effective Date, Schedule 3.12 sets forth the name of, and the ownership interest of Holdings and each of its Subsidiaries in, each Subsidiary of Holdings.

SECTION 3.13 Intellectual Property; Licenses, Etc.

Except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, each of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries owns, licenses or possesses the right to use all Intellectual Property that is reasonably necessary for the operation of its business substantially as currently conducted. To the knowledge of Holdings and the Borrower, no Intellectual Property used by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in the operation of its business as currently conducted infringes upon the Intellectual Property of any Person except for such infringements that would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. No claim or litigation regarding any of the Intellectual Property is pending or, to the knowledge of Holdings and the Borrower, threatened in writing against Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, which, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.14 Solvency.

Immediately after the consummation of each of the Transactions to occur on the Effective Date, after taking into account all applicable rights of indemnity and contribution, (a) the sum of the debt (including contingent liabilities) of the Borrower and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, does not exceed the present fair saleable value of the present assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, (b) the capital of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, is not unreasonably small in relation to their business as contemplated on the Effective Date, (c) the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, have not incurred and do not intend to incur, or believe that they will incur, debts including current obligations, beyond their ability to pay such debts as they become due (whether at maturity or otherwise), and (d) the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, are “solvent” within the meaning given to that term and similar terms under applicable laws relating to fraudulent transfers and conveyances. For purposes of this Section 3.14, the amount of any contingent liability at any time shall be computed as the amount that, in the light of all of the facts and circumstances existing at such time, represents the amount that would reasonably be expected to become an actual or matured liability (irrespective of whether such contingent liabilities meet the criteria for accrual pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 5).

 

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SECTION 3.15 Federal Reserve Regulations.

None of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary is engaged or will engage, principally or as one of its important activities, in the business of purchasing or carrying margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the Board of Governors), or extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock. No part of the proceeds of the Loans will be used, directly or indirectly, to purchase or carry any margin stock or to refinance any Indebtedness originally incurred for such purpose, or for any other purpose that entails a violation (including on the part of any Lender) of the provisions of Regulations U or X of the Board of Governors.

SECTION 3.16 Use of Proceeds.

The Borrower will use the proceeds of the (a) Term Loans made on the Effective Date to directly or indirectly finance the Transactions and otherwise for general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures, to fund Permitted Acquisitions, Permitted Investments, Restricted payments and other transactions not prohibited by this Agreement and (b) the Revolving Loans and Swingline Loans made, and Letters of Credit issued, after the Effective Date for general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures, to fund Permitted Acquisitions, Permitted Investments, Restricted payments and other transactions not prohibited by this Agreement; provided that up to $25,000,000 of Revolving Loans made on the Effective Date may be used to finance the Transactions and pay Transaction Costs and (c) First Lien Incremental Term Facilities, directly or indirectly, on or after the Effective Date, for general corporate purposes including capital expenditures, to fund Permitted Acquisitions, Permitted Investments, Restricted payments and other transactions not prohibited by this Agreement.

SECTION 3.17 Patriot Act; OFAC and FCPA.

(a) The Borrower will not knowingly use the proceeds of the Loans, or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Person subject to Sanctions for the purpose of funding the activities of any Person subject to Sanctions in any manner that would result in a violation of applicable Sanctions by such Person. The Borrower will not use the proceeds of the Loans for any payments to any governmental official or employee, political party, official of a political party, candidate for political office, or anyone else acting in an official capacity on behalf of a government, in order to obtain, retain or direct business or obtain any improper advantage, in each case in violation of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (the “FCPA”).

(b) To the knowledge of Holdings, each of Holdings, the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries is in compliance in all material respects with (i) applicable regulations of the United States Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), (ii) Title III of the USA Patriot Act and (iii) the FCPA.

(c) None of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower, any of the Restricted Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Borrower, any director or officer thereof, is an individual or entity that is currently identified on OFAC’s list of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons, nor is Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary located, organized or resident in a Sanctioned Country.

ARTICLE IV

CONDITIONS

SECTION 4.01 Effective Date.

The obligation of each Lender to make Loans and the obligations of each Issuing Bank to issue Letters of Credit hereunder on the Effective Date shall be subject to satisfaction of the following conditions (or waiver thereof in accordance with Section 9.02):

(a) The First Lien Administrative Agent (or its counsel) shall have received from each party hereto either (i) a counterpart of this Agreement signed on behalf of such party or (ii) otherwise written evidence satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent (which may include facsimile or other electronic transmission of a signed counterpart of this Agreement) that such party has signed a counterpart of this Agreement.

 

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(b) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received a written opinion (addressed to the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Issuing Banks and dated the Effective Date) of (i) Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP, New York counsel for the Loan Parties and (ii) Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A., Delaware counsel for the Loan Parties, in each case in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent. Each of Holdings and the Borrower hereby requests such counsel to deliver such opinions.

(c) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of each Loan Party, dated the Effective Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent, executed by any Responsible Officer of such Loan Party, and including or attaching the documents referred to in paragraph (d) of this Section 4.01.

(d) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received a copy of (i) each Organizational Document of each Loan Party certified, to the extent applicable, as of a recent date by the applicable Governmental Authority, (ii) signature and incumbency certificates of the Responsible Officers of each Loan Party executing the First Lien Loan Documents to which it is a party, (iii) copies of resolutions of the Board of Directors of each Loan Party approving and authorizing the execution, delivery and performance of First Lien Loan Documents to which it is a party, certified as of the Effective Date by a secretary, an assistant secretary or a Responsible Officer of such Loan Party as being in full force and effect without modification or amendment and (iv) a good standing certificate (to the extent such concept exists) from the applicable Governmental Authority of each Loan Party’s jurisdiction of incorporation, organization or formation.

(e) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received (or substantially simultaneously with the initial funding of Loans on the Effective Date, shall receive) all fees and other amounts previously agreed in writing by the Joint Lead Arrangers and the Borrower to be due and payable on or prior to the Effective Date, including, to the extent invoiced at least three (3) Business Days prior to the Effective Date, reimbursement or payment of all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses (including reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of counsel) required to be reimbursed or paid by any Loan Party under any First Lien Loan Document.

(f) The Collateral and Guarantee Requirement (in each case other than in accordance with Section 5.14) shall have been satisfied and the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received a completed Perfection Certificate dated the Effective Date and signed by a Responsible Officer of Holdings and the Borrower, together with all attachments contemplated thereby.

(g) The representations and warranties set forth in Article III shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Effective Date.

(h) The Refinancing shall have been consummated, or substantially concurrently with the initial funding of Loans on the Effective Date, shall be consummated.

(i) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received a request for Borrowing that complies with the requirements set forth in Section 2.03.

(j) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received evidence reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent that the Second Lien Debt Documents shall have been executed and delivered by all of the loan parties stated to be party thereto.

(k) The Joint Lead Arrangers and the Lenders shall have received a certificate from the chief financial officer of the Borrower certifying as to the solvency of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis after giving effect to the Transactions, substantially the form of Exhibit P.

 

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(l) The First Lien Administrative Agent and the Joint Lead Arrangers shall have received, at least three (3) Business Days prior to the Effective Date, (A) all documentation and other information about the Loan Parties as shall have been reasonably requested in writing at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the Effective Date by the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Joint Lead Arrangers that they shall have reasonably determined is required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including without limitation the USA PATRIOT Act, and (B) to the extent the Borrower qualifies as a “legal entity customer” under the Beneficial Ownership Regulation, and to the extent requested in writing at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the Effective Date, a beneficial ownership certificate in the form of Exhibit X.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the obligations of the Lenders to make Loans and of the Issuing Banks to issue Letters of Credit hereunder shall not become effective unless each of the foregoing conditions shall have been satisfied (or waived pursuant to Section 9.02) at or prior to 11:59 p.m., New York City time, on the Effective Date (and, in the event such conditions are not so satisfied or waived, the Commitments shall terminate at such time).

For purposes of determining whether the conditions set forth in this Section 4.01 have been satisfied, by releasing its signature page hereto or to an Assignment and Assumption, the First Lien Administrative Agent and each Lender party hereto shall be deemed to have consented to, approved, accepted or be satisfied with each document or other matter required hereunder to be consented to or approved by, or acceptable or satisfactory to, the First Lien Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be.

SECTION 4.02 Each Credit Event.

After the Effective Date, the obligation of each Lender to make a Loan on the occasion of any Borrowing, and of each Issuing Bank to issue, amend, renew or extend any Letter of Credit (other than any initial Borrowing under any First Lien Incremental Facility, is subject to receipt of the request therefor in accordance herewith to the satisfaction of the following conditions (other than in the case of any Borrowing the proceeds of which are used to finance a Limited Condition Transaction as to which an LCT Election has been made, which shall be subject to such conditions as of the LCT Test Date as provided in Section 1.06):

(a) The representations and warranties of each Loan Party set forth in the First Lien Loan Documents (or in the case of any Borrowing the proceeds of which are used to finance a Limited Condition Transaction, customary specified representations) shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date of such Borrowing or the date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit, as the case may be; provided that, in each case, to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, they shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date; provided further that, in each case, any representation and warranty that is qualified as to “materiality,” “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language shall be true and correct in all respects on the date of such credit extension or on such earlier date, as the case may be; and

(b) At the time of and immediately after giving effect to such Borrowing, or the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit, as the case may be, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing (or, in the case of any Borrowing under any Incremental Facility incurred in connection with a Permitted Acquisition or an Investment not prohibited by Section 6.04, no Specified Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing).

Each Borrowing (provided that a conversion or a continuation of a Borrowing shall not constitute a “Borrowing” for purposes of this Section 4.02), other than a Borrowing under any First Lien Incremental Facility, and each issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit (other than any issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit on the Effective Date) shall be deemed to constitute a representation and warranty by Holdings and the Borrower on the date thereof as to the matters specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 4.02 (which deemed representation, in the case of any Borrowing the proceeds of which are used to finance a Limited Condition Transaction as to which an LCT Election has been made, shall be as of the LCT Test Date).

 

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ARTICLE V

AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

From and after the Effective Date and until the Termination Date, each of Holdings and the Borrower covenants and agrees with the Lenders that:

SECTION 5.01 Financial Statements and Other Information.

The Borrower will furnish to the First Lien Administrative Agent, on behalf of each Lender:

(a) commencing with the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, on or before the date that is one hundred and twenty-five (125) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, audited consolidated balance sheet and audited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the end of and for such year, and related notes thereto, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all reported on by an independent public accountant of recognized national standing (without a “going concern” or like qualification or exception and without any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit (other than any exception or explanatory paragraph, but not a qualification, that is expressly and solely with respect to, or expressly and solely resulting from, (A) the Term Maturity Date or the Revolving Maturity Date occurring within one year from the time such opinion is delivered or (B) any actual failure to satisfy the Financial Performance Covenant or potential inability to satisfy the Financial Performance Covenant on a future date or in a future period)) to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects the financial condition as of the end of and for such year and results of operations and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied;

(b) commencing with the financial statements for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2020, on or before the date that is sixty (60) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Borrower, unaudited consolidated balance sheet and unaudited consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Borrower (and/or its predecessor, as applicable) and its Subsidiaries as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and the then elapsed portion of the fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding period or periods of (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of) the previous fiscal year, all certified by a Financial Officer as presenting fairly in all material respects the financial condition as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and such portion of the fiscal year and results of operations and cash flows of the Borrower (and/or its predecessor, as applicable) and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes;

(c) simultaneously with the delivery of each set of consolidated financial statements referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above, the related unaudited consolidating financial information reflecting adjustments necessary to eliminate the accounts of Unrestricted Subsidiaries (if any) from such consolidated financial statements;

(d) not later than five days after any delivery of financial statements under paragraph (a) or (b) above, a certificate of a Financial Officer (i) certifying as to whether a Default then exists and, if a Default does then exist, specifying the details thereof and any action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto, (ii) setting forth reasonably detailed calculations (A) demonstrating compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant, if applicable and (B) in the case of financial statements delivered under paragraph (a) above and only to the extent the Borrower would be required to prepay Term Borrowings pursuant to Section 2.11(d), beginning with the financial statements for the fiscal year of the Borrower ending December 31, 2020, of Excess Cash Flow for such fiscal year and (iii) in the case of financial statements delivered under paragraph (a) above, setting forth a reasonably detailed calculation of the Net Proceeds received during the applicable period by or on behalf of the Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiary in respect of any event described in clause (a) of the definition of the term “Prepayment Event” and the portion of such Net Proceeds that has been invested or are intended to be reinvested in accordance with the proviso in Section 2.11(c);

 

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(e) not later than one-hundred and twenty-five (125) days after the commencement of each fiscal year of the Borrower after December 31, 2015 (or, in the case of the fiscal year commencing on January 1, 2016, on or before the date that is one-hundred and fifty (150) days after the commencement of such fiscal year), a detailed consolidated budget for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for such fiscal year (including a projected consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statements of projected operations, comprehensive income and cash flows as of the end of and for such fiscal year and setting forth the material assumptions used for purposes of preparing such budget); provided that the obligations of this paragraph shall be suspended upon and following the filing for an IPO;

(f) promptly after the same become publicly available, copies of all periodic and other reports, proxy statements and registration statements (other than amendments to any registration statement (to the extent such registration statement, in the form it became effective, is delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent), exhibits to any registration statement and, if applicable, any registration statement on Form S-8) filed by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary with the SEC or with any national securities exchange;

(g) promptly following any request therefor, such other information regarding the operations, business affairs and financial condition of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, or compliance with the terms of any First Lien Loan Document, as the First Lien Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of any Lender may reasonably request in writing; and

(f) at the request of the First Lien Administrative Agent (which shall be no more than quarterly), and following the delivery of each set of consolidated financial statements referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above, the Borrower shall use commercially reasonable efforts to hold a conference call for the Lenders at a time reasonably acceptable to the Borrower, which conference call shall be accompanied by related presentation materials prepared by the Borrower.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the obligations in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 5.01 may be satisfied with respect to financial information of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries by furnishing (A) the Form 10-K or 10-Q (or the equivalent), as applicable, of the Borrower (or a parent company thereof) filed with the SEC within the applicable time periods required by applicable law and regulations (including any extended deadlines available thereunder in connection with an IPO) or (B) the applicable financial statements of Holdings (or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings); provided that (i) to the extent such information relates to a parent of the Borrower, such information is accompanied by consolidating information, which may be unaudited, that explains in reasonable detail the differences between the information relating to such parent, on the one hand, and the information relating to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a standalone basis, on the other hand, and (ii) to the extent such information is in lieu of information required to be provided under Section 5.01(a), such materials are accompanied by a report and opinion of an independent registered public accounting firm of nationally recognized standing, which report and opinion shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and shall not be subject to any “going concern” or like qualification or exception or any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit (other than any exception or explanatory paragraph, but not a qualification, that is expressly and solely with respect to, or expressly and solely resulting from, (A) the Term Maturity Date or the Revolving Maturity Date occurring within one year from the time such opinion is delivered or (B) any actual failure to satisfy or potential inability to satisfy the Financial Performance Covenant on a future date or in a future period ).

Documents required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a), (b) or (f) (to the extent any such documents are included in materials otherwise filed with the SEC) may be delivered electronically and if so delivered, shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date (i) on which the Borrower posts such documents, or provides a link thereto on the Borrower’s website on the Internet at the website address listed on Schedule 9.01 (or otherwise notified pursuant to Section 9.01(d)); or (ii) on which such documents are posted on the Borrower’s behalf on an Internet or intranet website, if any, to which each Lender and the First Lien Administrative Agent have access (whether a commercial, third-party website or whether sponsored by the First Lien Administrative Agent); provided that: (i) the Borrower shall deliver paper copies of such documents to the First Lien Administrative Agent upon its reasonable request until a written notice to cease delivering paper copies is given by the First Lien Administrative Agent and (ii) the Borrower shall notify the First Lien Administrative Agent (by fax or electronic mail) of the posting of any such documents and upon its reasonable request, provide to the First Lien Administrative Agent by electronic mail

 

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electronic versions (i.e., soft copies) of such documents. The First Lien Administrative Agent shall have no obligation to request the delivery of or maintain paper copies of the documents referred to above, and each Lender shall be solely responsible for timely accessing posted documents and maintaining its copies of such documents.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary shall be required to deliver, disclose, permit the inspection, examination or making of copies of or excerpts from, or any discussion of, any document, information, or other matter (i) that constitutes trade secrets or proprietary information, (ii) in respect of which disclosure to the First Lien Administrative Agent (or any Lender (or their respective representatives or contractors)) is prohibited by applicable law, (iii) that is subject to attorney-client or similar privilege or constitutes attorney work product, (iv) with respect to which any Loan Party owes confidentiality obligations (to the extent not created in contemplation of such Loan Party’s Obligations under this Section 5.01) to any third party, after such Loan Party’s use of commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the consent of such third party (to the extent commercially feasible) or (v) that relates to any investigation by any Governmental Authority to the extent (x) such information is identifiable to a particular individual and the Borrower in good faith determines such information should remain confidential or (y) the information requested is not factual in nature.

The Borrower hereby acknowledges that (a) the First Lien Administrative Agent and/or the Joint Lead Arrangers will make available to the Lenders and the Issuing Bank materials and/or information provided by or on behalf of the Borrower hereunder (collectively, “Borrower Materials”) by posting the Borrower Materials on IntraLinks or another similar electronic system (the “Platform”) and (b) certain of the Lenders (each, a “Public Lender”) may have personnel who do not wish to receive Material Non-Public Information and who may be engaged in investment and other market-related activities with respect to the Borrower’s or their Affiliates’ securities. The Borrower hereby agrees that they will use commercially reasonable efforts to identify that portion of the Borrower Materials that may be distributed to the Public Lenders and that (w) all such Borrower Materials shall be clearly and conspicuously marked “PUBLIC” which, at a minimum, shall mean that the word “PUBLIC” shall appear prominently on the first page thereof; (x) by marking Borrower Materials “PUBLIC,” the Borrower shall be deemed to have authorized the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Issuing Bank and the Lenders to treat such Borrower Materials as not containing any Material Non-Public Information (although it may be sensitive and proprietary) (provided, however, that to the extent such Borrower Materials constitute Information, they shall be treated as set forth in Section 9.12); (y) all Borrower Materials marked “PUBLIC” are permitted to be made available through a portion of the Platform designated “Public Side Information”; and (z) the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Joint Lead Arrangers shall be entitled to treat the Borrower Materials that are not marked “PUBLIC” as being suitable only for posting on a portion of the Platform not designated “Public Side Information” provided that the Borrower’s failure to comply with this sentence shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under This Agreement or the First Lien Loan Documents. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Borrower shall be under no obligation to mark any Borrower Materials as “PUBLIC”. Each Loan Party hereby acknowledges and agrees that, unless the Borrower notifies the First Lien Administrative Agent in advance, all financial statements and certificates furnished pursuant to Sections 5.01(a), (b), (c) and (d) above are hereby deemed to be suitable for distribution, and to be made available, to all Lenders and may be treated by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Lenders as not containing any Material Non-Public Information.

SECTION 5.02 Notices of Material Events.

Promptly after any Responsible Officer of Holdings or the Borrower obtains actual knowledge thereof, Holdings or the Borrower will furnish to the First Lien Administrative Agent (for distribution to each Lender through the First Lien Administrative Agent) written notice of the following:

(a) the occurrence of any Default;

(b) the filing or commencement of any action, suit or proceeding by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority against or, to the knowledge of a Financial Officer or another executive officer of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary, affecting Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary or the receipt of a written notice of Environmental Liability, in each case that would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and

 

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(c) the occurrence of any ERISA Event that would reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

Each notice delivered under this Section 5.02 shall be accompanied by a written statement of a Responsible Officer of Holdings or the Borrower setting forth the details of the event or development requiring such notice and any action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto.

SECTION 5.03 Information Regarding Collateral.

(a) Holdings or the Borrower will furnish to the First Lien Administrative Agent prompt (and in any event within thirty (30) days or such longer period as reasonably agreed to by the First Lien Administrative Agent) written notice of any change (i) in any Loan Party’s legal name (as set forth in its certificate of organization or like document), (ii) in the jurisdiction of incorporation or organization of any Loan Party or in the form of its organization or (iii) in any Loan Party’s organizational identification number to the extent that such Loan Party is organized or owns Mortgaged Property in a jurisdiction where an organizational identification number is required to be included in a UCC financing statement for such jurisdiction.

(b) Not later than five Business Days after financial statements are required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a), Holdings or the Borrower shall deliver to the First Lien Administrative Agent a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of Holdings or the Borrower (i) setting forth the information required pursuant to Paragraphs 1, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the Perfection Certificate or confirming that there has been no change in such information since the later of (x) the date of the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Effective Date or (y) the date of the most recent certificate delivered pursuant to this Section 5.03, (ii) identifying any (x) new Intermediate Parent or (y) Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary that has become, or ceased to be, a Material Subsidiary or an Excluded Subsidiary during the most recently ended fiscal year and (iii) certifying that all notices required to be given prior to the date of such certificate by Section 5.03 have been given.

SECTION 5.04 Existence; Conduct of Business.

Each of Holdings and the Borrower will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, do or cause to be done all things necessary to obtain, preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its legal existence and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges, franchises, Intellectual Property and Governmental Approvals material to the conduct of its business, except to the extent (other than with respect to the preservation of the existence of Holdings and the Borrower) that the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, amalgamation, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution permitted under Section 6.03 or any Disposition permitted by Section 6.05.

SECTION 5.05 Payment of Taxes, etc.

Each of Holdings and the Borrower will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, pay all Taxes (whether or not shown on a Tax return) imposed upon it or its income or properties or in respect of its property or assets, before the same shall become delinquent or in default, except where (a) the same are being contested in good faith by an appropriate proceeding diligently conducted by Holdings, the Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries or (b) the failure to make payment would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 5.06 Maintenance of Properties.

Each of Holdings and the Borrower will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, keep and maintain all tangible property material to the conduct of its business in good working order and condition (casualty, condemnation and ordinary wear and tear excepted), except where the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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SECTION 5.07 Insurance.

(a) Each of Holdings and the Borrower will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, maintain, with insurance companies that Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of the management of Holdings) are financially sound and responsible at the time the relevant coverage is placed or renewed, insurance in at least such amounts (after giving effect to any self-insurance which Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of management of Holdings) is reasonable and prudent in light of the size and nature of its business) and against at least such risks (and with such risk retentions) as Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment or the management of Holdings) are reasonable and prudent in light of the size and nature of its business, and will furnish to the Lenders, upon written request from the First Lien Collateral Agent, information presented in reasonable detail as to the insurance so carried. The Borrower shall, and shall cause each Restricted Subsidiary organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction to (i) name the First Lien Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, as an additional insured as its interests may appear on each such general liability policy of insurance and each casualty insurance policy belonging to or insuring such Restricted Subsidiary (other than directors and officers policies, workers compensation policies and business interruption insurance) and (ii) in the case of each property insurance policy belonging to or insuring a Restricted Subsidiary organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction, include a loss payable clause or mortgagee endorsement, as applicable that names the First Lien Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, as the loss payee or mortgagee, as applicable, thereunder.

(b) If any portion of a building or other improvement included in any Mortgaged Property is at any time located in an area identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (or any successor agency) as a special flood hazard area with respect to which flood insurance has been made available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (as now or hereafter in effect or under any successor statute thereto), then the Borrower shall, or shall cause each Loan Party to (i) maintain, or cause to be maintained, with insurance companies that Holdings believes (in the good faith judgment of the management of Holdings) are financially sound and responsible at the time the relevant coverage is placed or renewed, flood insurance in an amount and otherwise sufficient to comply with all applicable rules and regulations promulgated pursuant to the Flood Insurance Laws and (ii) furnish to the Lenders, upon written request from the First Lien Collateral Agent, information presented in reasonable detail as to the flood insurance so carried.

SECTION 5.08 Books and Records; Inspection and Audit Rights.

Each of Holdings and the Borrower will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, maintain proper books of record and account in which entries that are full, true and correct in all material respects and are in conformity with GAAP (or applicable local standards) consistently applied shall be made of all material financial transactions and matters involving the assets and business of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be. Each of Holdings and the Borrower will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, permit any representatives designated by the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender, upon reasonable prior notice, to visit and inspect its tangible properties, to examine and make extracts from its books and records, and to discuss its affairs, finances and condition with its officers and independent accountants, all at such reasonable times and as often as reasonably requested; provided that (i) such representative shall us commercially reasonable efforts to avoid interruption of the normal business operations of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and (ii) excluding any such visits and inspections during the continuation of an Event of Default, only the First Lien Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders may exercise visitation and inspection rights of the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Lenders under this Section 5.08 and the First Lien Administrative Agent shall not exercise such rights more often than one time during any calendar year absent the existence of an Event of Default and such time shall be at the Borrower’s expense; provided, further that (a) when an Event of Default exists, the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender (or any of their respective representatives or independent contractors) may do any of the foregoing at the expense of the Borrower at any time during normal business hours and upon reasonable advance notice and (b) the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall give Holdings and the Borrower the opportunity to participate in any discussions with Holdings’ or the Borrower’s independent public accountants.

 

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SECTION 5.09 Compliance with Laws.

Each of Holdings and the Borrower will, and will cause each Restricted Subsidiary and, in the case of Holdings, each Intermediate Parent to, comply with all Requirements of Law (including Environmental Laws and the USA PATRIOT Act) with respect to it, its property and operations, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 5.10 Use of Proceeds and Letters of Credit.

The Borrower will use the proceeds of the Term Loans, the Revolving Loans, the Swingline Loans and the Letters of Credit solely in accordance with Section 3.16.

SECTION 5.11 Additional Subsidiaries.

(a) If (i) any additional Restricted Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary, or any Intermediate Parent, in each case, organized in a Covered Jurisdiction, is formed or acquired after the Effective Date, (ii) any Restricted Subsidiary ceases to be an Excluded Subsidiary (other than any Immaterial Subsidiary that becomes a Material Subsidiary, which shall be subject to Section 5.11(b)) or (iii) the Borrower, at its option, elects to cause a Subsidiary organized in a Covered Jurisdiction, or to the extent reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent, a subsidiary that is otherwise an Excluded Subsidiary (including any Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary or any consolidated Affiliate in which the Borrower and its Subsidiaries own no Equity Interest or that is organized in a non-Covered Jurisdiction) to become a Subsidiary Loan Party, then in each case if (i), (ii) and (iii) Holdings or the Borrower will, within 30 days (or such longer period as may be agreed to by the First Lien Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion) after (x) such newly formed or acquired Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent is formed or acquired, (y) such Restricted Subsidiary ceases to be an Excluded Subsidiary or (z) the Borrower has made such election, notify the First Lien Administrative Agent thereof, and will cause such Restricted Subsidiary (unless such Restricted Subsidiary is an Excluded Subsidiary) or Intermediate Parent to satisfy the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent and with respect to any Equity Interest in or Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent owned by or on behalf of any Loan Party within 30 days after such notice (or such longer period as the First Lien Administrative Agent shall reasonably agree). The Borrower shall deliver to the First Lien Administrative Agent a completed Perfection Certificate (or supplement thereof) with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent signed by a Responsible Officer of Holdings or of such applicable Restricted Subsidiary, together with all attachments contemplated thereby concurrently with the satisfaction of the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary or Intermediate Parent.

(b) Within 45 days (or such longer period as otherwise provided in this Agreement or as the First Lien Administrative Agent may reasonably agree) after Holdings or the Borrower identifies any new Material Subsidiary pursuant to Section 5.03(b), all actions (if any) required to be taken with respect to such Subsidiary in order to satisfy the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall have been taken with respect to such Subsidiary, to the extent not already satisfied pursuant to Section 5.11(a).

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event any Material Real Property would be required to be mortgaged pursuant to this Section 5.11, the applicable Loan Party shall be required to comply with the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” as it relates to such Material Real Property within 90 days, following the latter of the date such Subsidiary becomes a Loan Party and the acquisition of such Material Real Property, or such longer time period as agreed by the First Lien Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion;.

SECTION 5.12 Further Assurances.

(a) Subject to last paragraph of the definition of “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement”, each of Holdings and the Borrower will, and will cause each Loan Party to, execute any and all further documents, financing statements, agreements and instruments, and take all such further actions (including the filing and recording of financing statements, fixture filings, mortgages, deeds of trust and other documents), that may be required under any applicable law and that the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders may reasonably request, to cause the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement to be and remain satisfied, all at the expense of the Loan Parties.

 

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(b) If, after the Effective Date, any material assets (other than Excluded Assets), including any Material Real Property, are acquired by the Borrower or any other Loan Party or are held by any Subsidiary on or after the time it becomes a Loan Party pursuant to Section 5.11 (other than assets constituting Collateral under a Security Document that become subject to the Lien created by such Security Document upon acquisition thereof or constituting Excluded Assets), the Borrower will notify the First Lien Administrative Agent thereof, and, if requested by the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Borrower will cause such assets to be subjected to a Lien securing the Secured Obligations and will take and cause the other Loan Parties to take, such actions as shall be necessary and reasonably requested by the First Lien Administrative Agent to grant and perfect such Liens, including actions described in paragraph (a) of this Section and as required pursuant to the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement,” all at the expense of the Loan Parties and subject to the last paragraph of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement.” In the event any Material Real Property is mortgaged pursuant to this Section 5.12(b), the Borrower or such other Loan Party, as applicable, shall be required to comply with the “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” and paragraph (a) of this Section 5.12 within 90 days following the acquisition of such Material Real Property or such longer time period as agreed by the First Lien Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion.

SECTION 5.13 Designation of Subsidiaries.

The Borrower may at any time after the Effective Date designate any Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary or any Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary; provided (i) that immediately after such designation on a Pro Forma Basis, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (ii) immediately after giving effect to such designation, on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio shall not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (iii) no Subsidiary may be designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary or continue as an Unrestricted Subsidiary if it is a “Restricted Subsidiary” for the purpose of the Second Lien Notes or any other Material Indebtedness of Holdings or the Borrower. The designation of any Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary after the Effective Date shall constitute an Investment by the Borrower therein at the date of designation in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of the Borrower’s or their respective subsidiaries’ (as applicable) investment therein. The designation of any Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary shall constitute (i) the incurrence at the time of designation of any Investment, Indebtedness or Liens of such Subsidiary existing at such time and (ii) a return on any Investment by the Borrower in Unrestricted Subsidiaries pursuant to the preceding sentence in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value at the date of such designation of the Borrower’s or its Subsidiaries’ (as applicable) Investment in such Subsidiary.

SECTION 5.14 Certain Post-Closing Obligations.

As promptly as practicable, and in any event within the time periods after the Effective Date specified in Schedule 5.14 or such later date as the First Lien Administrative Agent agrees to in writing, including to reasonably accommodate circumstances unforeseen on the Effective Date, Holdings, the Borrower and each other Loan Party shall deliver the documents or take the actions specified on Schedule 5.14 that would have been required to be delivered or taken on the Effective Date, in each case except to the extent otherwise agreed by the First Lien Administrative Agent pursuant to its authority as set forth in the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement.”

SECTION 5.15 Maintenance of Rating of Borrower and the Facilities.

The Loan Parties shall use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain (i) a public corporate credit rating (but not any particular rating) from S&P and a public corporate family rating (but not any particular rating) from Moody’s, in each case in respect of the Borrower and (ii) a public rating (but not any particular rating) in respect of the Loans from each of S&P and Moody’s.

 

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SECTION 5.16 Lines of Business.

The Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, will not fundamentally and substantively alter the character of their business, taken as a whole, from the business conducted by them on the Effective Date and other business activities which are extensions thereof or otherwise incidental, reasonably related or ancillary to any of the foregoing.

ARTICLE VI

NEGATIVE COVENANTS

From and after the Effective Date and until the Termination Date, each of Holdings (with respect to Section 6.03(b) and (c) only) and the Borrower covenants and agrees with the Lenders that:

SECTION 6.01 Indebtedness; Certain Equity Securities.

(a) The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Indebtedness, except:

(i) Indebtedness of the Borrower and any of the Restricted Subsidiaries under the First Lien Loan Documents and the Second Lien Debt Documents (including any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to Section 2.20 or 2.21);

(ii) Indebtedness, including intercompany Indebtedness, outstanding on the Effective Date and listed on Schedule 6.01, and any Permitted Refinancing thereof;

(iii) Guarantees by the Borrower and any of the Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary otherwise permitted hereunder; provided that (A) such Guarantee is otherwise permitted by Section 6.04, (B) no Guarantee by any Restricted Subsidiary of any Junior Financing or the Second Lien Facilities shall be permitted unless such Restricted Subsidiary shall have also provided a Guarantee of the First Lien Loan Document Obligations pursuant to the First Lien Guarantee Agreement, and (C) if the Indebtedness being Guaranteed is subordinated to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations, such Guarantee shall be subordinated to the Guarantee of the First Lien Loan Document Obligations on terms at least as favorable to the Lenders as those contained in the subordination of such Indebtedness;

(iv) Indebtedness of the Borrower owing to any Restricted Subsidiary or of any Restricted Subsidiary owing to any other Restricted Subsidiary or the Borrower, to the extent permitted by Section 6.04; provided that all such Indebtedness of any Loan Party owing to any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party shall be subordinated to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations (to the extent any such Indebtedness is outstanding at any time after the date that is thirty (30) days after the Effective Date or such later date as the First Lien Administrative Agent may reasonably agree) (but only to the extent permitted by applicable law and not giving rise to adverse tax consequences) on terms (i) at least as favorable to the Lenders as those set forth in the form of intercompany note attached as Exhibit F or (ii) otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent;

(v) (A) Indebtedness (including Capital Lease Obligations and purchase money Indebtedness) incurred, issued or assumed by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary to finance the acquisition, purchase, lease, construction, repair, replacement or improvement of fixed or capital property, equipment or other assets; provided that such Indebtedness is incurred concurrently with or within 270 days after the applicable acquisition, purchase, lease, construction, repair, replacement or improvement, and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness set forth in the immediately preceding clause (A) (or successive Permitted Refinancings thereof); provided, further that, at the time of any such incurrence of Indebtedness and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto and the use of the proceeds thereof, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness that is outstanding in reliance on this clause (v) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

 

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(vi) Indebtedness in respect of Swap Agreements incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(vii) (A) Indebtedness of the Borrower, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Borrower or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred or issued and/or (b) assumed after the Effective Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 6.04; provided that, with respect to clause (a) above, (i) to the extent such obligor or any guarantor is a Loan Party, such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Secured Obligations, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, (I) the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to, at the Borrower’s option, either (x) 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period or (y) the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio immediately prior to such Permitted Acquisition or Investment (and related issuance and/or incurrence of Consolidated Senior Secured First Lien Net Indebtedness), (II) the Borrower shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the most recently ended Test Period (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable at such time) and (III) no Specified Event of Default shall exist or result therefrom (at the time of execution of a binding agreement in respect thereof), and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date as of the Effective Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date as of the Effective Date), (2) such Indebtedness does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Initial Term Loans (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing Indebtedness that does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than such remaining Term Loans) and (3) the covenants, events of default and guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Agreement (when taken as a whole) are to the Lenders (unless (1) Lenders under the existing Term Loans and Revolving Commitments, also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Borrower, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) also added or modified for the benefit of any corresponding Loans remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, also added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility hereunder (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility hereunder)), (2) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Latest Maturity Date at such time, or (3) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of Holdings delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent promptly after the incurrence of such Indebtedness, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or copies of the principal documentation relating thereto, stating that the Borrower has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement unless the First Lien Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower within five (5) Business Days that it disagrees with such determination (including a reasonable description of the basis upon which it disagrees); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (vii)(A)(a) or (vii)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (vii)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance on Sections 6.01(a)(viii) and 6.01(a)(ix)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of $80,000,000 and 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

 

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(viii) (A) Indebtedness of the Borrower, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Borrower or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred or issued and/or (b) assumed after the Effective Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 6.04; provided that, with respect to clause (a) above, (i) to the extent such obligor or any guarantor is a Loan Party, such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a junior or subordinated basis to the Secured Obligations, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence and/or issuance of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to, at the Borrower’s option, either (x) 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period or (y) the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio immediately prior to such Permitted Acquisition or Investment (and related incurrence and/or issuance of Indebtedness) and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date as of the Effective Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date as of the Effective Date), (2) such Indebtedness does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Initial Term Loans (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing Indebtedness which does not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the Initial Term Loans), (3) the other terms and conditions of such Indebtedness shall be as determined by the Borrower and the lenders providing such Indebtedness (subject to the restrictions and exceptions set forth above) and (4) with respect to clause (b) above, such Indebtedness is and remains the obligation of the Person and/or such Person’s subsidiaries that are acquired and such Indebtedness was not incurred in anticipation of such Permitted Acquisition or Investment; and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (viii)(A)(a) or (viii)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (viii)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance Sections 6.01(a)(vii) and 6.01(a)(ix)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time ;

(ix) (A) Indebtedness of the Borrower, any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Borrower or a Restricted Subsidiary) either (a) incurred or issued and/or (b) assumed after the Effective Date in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or any other Investment not prohibited by Section 6.04; provided that (i) such Indebtedness is unsecured, (ii) after giving effect to each such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness (X) on a Pro Forma Basis, at the Borrower’s option, either (1) the Total Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to either (x) 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period or (y) the Total Net Leverage Ratio immediately prior to such Permitted Acquisition or Investment (and related incurrence and/or issuance of Indebtedness) or (2) the Interest Coverage Ratio as of such time is not less than either (x) 2.00 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period or (y) the Interest Coverage Ratio immediately prior to such Permitted Acquisition or Investment (and related incurrence and/or issuance of Indebtedness), (Y) the Borrower shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with the Financial Performance Covenant for the most recently ended Test Period (regardless of whether such Financial Performance Covenant is applicable at such time) and (Z) no Specified Event of Default shall exist or result therefrom, and (iii) with respect to any such newly incurred Indebtedness, (1) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date as of the Effective Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date as of the Effective Date) and (2) the covenants, events of default and guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness

 

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than the terms and conditions of this Agreement (when taken as a whole) are to the Lenders (unless (I) Lenders under the existing Term Loans and Revolving Commitments also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Borrower, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) added or modified for the benefit of any corresponding Loans remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, in each case added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility hereunder (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility hereunder)), (II) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Latest Maturity Date at such time, or (III) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent promptly after the incurrence of such Indebtedness, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or copies of the principal documentation relating thereto, stating that the Borrower has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement unless the First Lien Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower within five (5) Business Days that it disagrees with such determination (including a reasonable description of the basis upon which it disagrees); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (ix)(A)(a) or (ix)(B) (solely with respect to any Permitted Refinancing of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clause (ix)(A)(a)) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance Sections 6.01(a)(vii) and 6.01(a)(viii)) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of $80,000,000 and 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(x) Indebtedness incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary in connection with bankers’ acceptances, discounted bills of exchange or the discounting or factoring of receivables for credit management purposes, in each case incurred or undertaken in the ordinary course of business on arm’s length commercial terms on a non-recourse basis;

(xi) Settlement Indebtedness;

(xii) Indebtedness in respect of Cash Management Obligations and other Indebtedness in respect of netting services, automated clearinghouse arrangements, overdraft protections and similar arrangements, in each case, in connection with deposit accounts or from the honoring of a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business;

(xiii) Indebtedness consisting of obligations under deferred compensation (including indemnification obligations, obligations in respect of purchase price adjustments, earn-outs, incentive non-competes and other contingent obligations) or other similar arrangements incurred or assumed in connection with any Permitted Acquisition, any other Investment or any Disposition, in each case, permitted under this Agreement;

(xiv) Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary after the Effective Date (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary) which Indebtedness is either (A) unsecured or (B) (x) if the issuer or any guarantor of such Indebtedness is a Loan Party and such Indebtedness is secured, then such Indebtedness is secured on a junior basis to the Secured Obligations and the agent for the holders of which have entered into the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement or (y) if neither the issuer of such Indebtedness nor any guarantor of such Indebtedness is a Loan Party, secured; provided that, at the time of the incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness outstanding in reliance on this clause (xiv) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $191,500,000 and (B) 50% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

 

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(xv) (A) Indebtedness of the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries or any Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary after the Effective Date (or of any Person not previously a Restricted Subsidiary that is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Borrower or a Restricted Subsidiary); provided that (1) (x) if such Indebtedness is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Secured Obligations, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to, at the Borrower’s option, either (I) to 5.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, or (II) the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio immediately prior to such Permitted Acquisition or Investment, (y) if such Indebtedness is secured on a junior basis to the Secured Obligations and the agent for such Indebtedness has become a party to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement; provided that (i) after giving effect to such incurrence, issuance and/or assumption of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, at the Borrower’s option, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to either (I) 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period or (II) the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio immediately prior to such Permitted Acquisition or Investment and (z) if such Indebtedness is unsecured, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a Pro Forma Basis, at the Borrower’s option, either (x) the Total Net Leverage Ratio as of such time is less than or equal to (I) 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, (II) the Total Net Leverage Ratio immediately prior to such Permitted Acquisition or Investment or (y) the Interest Coverage Ratio as of such time is no less than, at the Borrower’s option, (I) 2.00 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period or (II) the Interest Coverage Ratio immediately prior to such Permitted acquisition or investment, (2) such Indebtedness does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date as of the Effective Date (except in the case of customary bridge loans which, subject to customary conditions (including no payment or bankruptcy event of default), would either automatically be converted into or required to be exchanged for permanent refinancing that does not mature earlier than the Term Maturity Date as of the Effective Date), (3) the covenants, events of default and/or guarantees of such Indebtedness (excluding pricing, interest rate margins, rate floors, discounts, fees, premiums and prepayment or redemption provisions) are not materially more favorable (when taken as a whole) to the lenders or investors providing such Indebtedness than the terms and conditions of this Agreement (when taken as a whole) are to the Lenders (unless (I) Lenders under the existing Term Loans and Revolving Commitments also receive the benefit of such more favorable terms (together with, at the election of the Borrower, any applicable “equity cure” provisions with respect to any financial maintenance covenant) (it being understood that, to the extent that any covenant, event of default or guarantee is added or modified for the benefit of any such Indebtedness, no consent shall be required from the Administrative Agent or any Lender to the extent that such covenant, event of default or guarantee is either (i) added or modified for the benefit of any corresponding Loans remaining outstanding after the issuance or incurrence of any such Indebtedness in connection therewith or (ii) with respect to any “springing” financial maintenance covenant or other covenant that is (x) more restrictive on the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries than the Financial Performance Covenant or other corresponding covenant hereunder and (y) only applicable to, or for the benefit of, a revolving credit facility, in each case added for the benefit of each revolving credit facility hereunder (and not for the benefit of any term loan facility hereunder)), (II) such provisions are applicable only to periods after the Latest Maturity Date at such time, or (III) such terms are otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Borrower); provided that a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower delivered to the Administrative Agent promptly after the incurrence of such Indebtedness, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such resulting Indebtedness or copies of the principal documentation relating thereto, stating that the Borrower has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement, shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement unless the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower within five (5) Business Days that it disagrees with such determination (including a reasonable description of the basis upon which it disagrees); and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (xv) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness incurred in reliance on Section 6.01(a)(xvi) and outstanding of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period;

 

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(xvi) Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in an aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate amount of cash contributions made to the capital of the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary (to the extent Not Otherwise Applied) after the Effective Date; provided further that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance on this clause (xvi) (together with the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness incurred in reliance on Section 6.01(a)(xv) and outstanding of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period;

(xvii) Indebtedness consisting of (A) the financing of insurance premiums or (B) take-or-pay obligations contained in supply arrangements, in each case, in the ordinary course of business;

(xviii) Indebtedness supported by a Letter of Credit, in a principal amount not to exceed the face amount of such Letter of Credit;

(xix) Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt, and any Permitted Refinancing thereof;

(xx) Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt and Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt, and any Permitted Refinancing of any of the foregoing;

(xxi) (A) Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Subsidiary Loan Party issued in lieu of First Lien Incremental Facilities consisting of (i) one or more series of secured or unsecured loans, bonds, notes or debentures (which loans, bonds, notes or debentures, if secured, may be secured either by Liens pari passu with the Liens on the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations or by Liens having a junior priority relative to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations) (and any Registered Equivalent Notes issued in exchange therefor), (ii) one or more series of secured or unsecured loans, bonds, notes or debentures (which loans, bonds, notes or debentures, if secured, may be secured by Liens having a junior priority relative to the Liens on the Collateral securing the Secured Obligations) or (iii) an ABL Facility (the “First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt”); provided that (x) the aggregate principal amount of all such Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence, the Incremental Cap at such time, (y) such Indebtedness complies with the provisions of the Required Additional Debt Terms (provided that clause (e) of the definition of “Required Additional Debt Terms” shall not apply to such First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt) and (z) such Indebtedness shall not have a shorter Weighted Average Life to Maturity than the remaining Term Loans and (B) any Permitted Refinancing of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to the foregoing subclause (A); provided, that the condition in clause (z) of the definition of “Required Additional Debt Terms” shall not apply to any First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt in the form of an ABL Facility;

(xxii) Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party; provided that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of which the primary obligor or a guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party outstanding in reliance of this clause (xxiv) shall not exceed, at the time of incurrence thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the greater of (A) $40,000,000 and (B) 10% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period as of such time;

(xxiii) Indebtedness incurred by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees, warehouse receipts, bankers’ acceptances or similar instruments issued or created in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice, including in respect of workers compensation claims, health, disability or other employee benefits or property, casualty or liability insurance or self-insurance or other reimbursement-type obligations regarding workers compensation claims;

(xxiv) Indebtedness and obligations in respect of self-insurance and obligations in respect of performance, bid, appeal and surety bonds and performance and completion guarantees and similar obligations provided by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto, in each case, in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

 

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(xxv) Indebtedness representing deferred compensation or stock-based compensation owed to employees, consultants or independent contractors of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or the Restricted Subsidiaries incurred in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practice;

(xxvi) Indebtedness consisting of unsecured promissory notes issued by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary to future, current or former officers, directors, employees, managers and consultants or their respective estates, spouses or former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees, in each case to finance the purchase or redemption of Equity Interests of the Borrower (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) to the extent permitted by Section 6.07(a);

(xxvii) Indebtedness incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility;

(xxviii) Indebtedness consisting of Permitted Second Priority Debt any Permitted Refinancing; provided that such Indebtedness is subject to the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement; and

(xxix) all premiums (if any), interest (including post-petition interest), fees, expenses, charges and additional or contingent interest on obligations described in clauses (i) through (xxix) above.

(b) The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, issue any preferred Equity Interests or any Disqualified Equity Interests, except (A) in the case of the Borrower, preferred Equity Interests that are Qualified Equity Interests and (B) (x) preferred Equity Interests issued to and held by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary and (y) other preferred Equity Interests issued to and held by joint venture partners after the Effective Date; provided that in the case of this clause (y) any such issuance of preferred Equity Interests shall be deemed to be incurred Indebtedness and subject to the provisions set forth in Section 6.01(a) and (b).

For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 6.01, (i) in the event that an item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Indebtedness described in clauses (a)(i) through (a)(xxx) above, the Borrower may, in its sole discretion, at the time of incurrence, divide, classify or reclassify, or at any later time divide, classify or reclassify, such item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) and will only be required to include the amount and type of such Indebtedness in one or more of the above clauses; provided that all Indebtedness outstanding under the Loan Documents will be deemed to have been incurred in reliance only on the exception in clause (a)(i).

Notwithstanding any other provision herein, the Borrower shall not be permitted to incur Indebtedness if (x) the Liens on Collateral securing such Indebtedness are junior to the Liens on Collateral securing the First Lien Loan Document Obligations but senior to the Liens on such Collateral securing the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations or (y) the priority of payments on such Indebtedness is junior and subordinate to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations but senior in priority of payment to the Second Lien Debt Document Obligations.

SECTION 6.02 Liens.

The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien on any property or asset now owned (but not leased) or hereafter acquired (but not leased) by it, except:

(i) Liens created under the First Lien Loan Documents and the Second Lien Debt Documents;

(ii) Permitted Encumbrances;

(iii) Liens existing on the Effective Date; provided that any Lien securing Indebtedness or other obligations in excess of $1,000,000 individually shall only be permitted if set forth on Schedule 6.02 (unless such Lien is permitted by another clause in this Section 6.02) and any modifications, replacements, renewals or extensions thereof; provided further that such modified, replacement, renewal or extension Lien does not extend to any additional property other than (1) after-acquired property that is affixed or incorporated into the property covered by such Lien or financed by Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01 and (2) proceeds and products thereof;

 

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(iv) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01(a)(v); provided that (A) such Liens attach concurrently with or within 270 days after the acquisition, repair, replacement, construction or improvement (as applicable) of the property subject to such Liens, (B) such Liens do not at any time encumber any property other than the property financed by such Indebtedness except for replacements, additions, accessions and improvements to such property and the proceeds and the products thereof, and any lease of such property (including accessions thereto) and the proceeds and products thereof and customary security deposits and (C) with respect to Capital Lease Obligations, such Liens do not at any time extend to or cover any assets (except for replacements, additions, accessions and improvements to or proceeds of such assets) other than the assets subject to such Capital Lease Obligations; provided further that individual financings of equipment provided by one lender may be cross collateralized to other financings of equipment provided by such lender;

(v) (i) easements, leases, licenses, subleases or sublicenses granted to others (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property) that do not (A) interfere in any material respect with the business of the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (B) secure any Indebtedness and (ii) any interest or title of a lessor, sublessor or licensee under any lease, sublease (including financing statements regarding property subject to lease) or license entered into by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary not in violation of this Agreement;

(vi) Liens in favor of customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of customs duties in connection with the importation of goods;

(vii) Liens (A) of a collection bank arising under Section 4-210 of the Uniform Commercial Code, or any comparable or successor provision, on items in the course of collection; (B) attaching to pooling, commodity trading accounts or other commodity brokerage accounts incurred in the ordinary course of business; or (C) in favor of a banking or other financial institution or entity, or electronic payment service provider, arising as a matter of law encumbering deposits (including the right of setoff) and that are within the general parameters customary in the banking or finance industry;

(viii) Liens (A) on cash advances or escrow deposits in favor of the seller of any property to be acquired in an Investment permitted pursuant to Section 6.04 to be applied against the purchase price for such Investment or otherwise in connection with any escrow arrangements with respect to any such Investment or any Disposition permitted under Section 6.05 (including any letter of intent or purchase agreement with respect to such Investment or Disposition), or (B) consisting of an agreement to dispose of any property in a Disposition permitted under Section 6.05, in each case, solely to the extent such Investment or Disposition, as the case may be, would have been permitted on the date of the creation of such Lien;

(ix) Liens on property or other assets of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party, which Liens secure Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary or another Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party, in each case permitted under Section 6.01(a);

(x) Liens granted by a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party in favor of any Restricted Subsidiary and Liens granted by a Loan Party in favor of any other Loan Party;

(xi) Liens existing on property or other assets at the time of its acquisition or existing on the property or other assets of any Person at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, in each case after the Effective Date and any modifications, replacements, renewals or extensions thereof; provided that (A) such Lien was not created in contemplation of such acquisition or such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and (B) such Lien does not extend to or cover any other assets or property (other than any replacements of such property or assets and additions and accessions thereto, the proceeds or products thereof and other than after-acquired property subject to a Lien securing Indebtedness and other obligations incurred prior to such time and which Indebtedness and other obligations are permitted hereunder that require or include, pursuant to their terms at such time, a pledge of after-acquired property, it being understood that such requirement shall not be permitted to apply to any property to which such requirement would not have applied but for such acquisition);

 

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(xii) Liens on cash, Permitted Investments or other marketable securities securing Letters of Credit of any Loan Party that are cash collateralized on the Effective Date in an amount of cash, Permitted Investments or other marketable securities with a Fair Market Value of up to 105% of the face amount of such Letters of Credit being secured;

(xiii) Liens arising out of conditional sale, title retention, consignment or similar arrangements for sale or purchase of goods by any of the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business;

(xiv) Liens deemed to exist in connection with Investments in repurchase agreements under clause (e) of the definition of the term “Permitted Investments”;

(xv) Liens encumbering reasonable customary initial deposits and margin deposits and similar Liens attaching to commodity trading accounts or other brokerage accounts incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(xvi) Liens that are contractual rights of setoff (A) relating to the establishment of depository relations with banks not given in connection with the incurrence of Indebtedness, (B) relating to pooled deposit or sweep accounts to permit satisfaction of overdraft or similar obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries or (C) relating to purchase orders and other agreements entered into with customers of the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business;

(xvii) ground leases in respect of real property on which facilities owned or leased by the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries are located;

(xviii) Liens on insurance policies and the proceeds thereof securing the financing of the premiums with respect thereto;

(xix) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01(a)(xxii) or 6.01(a)(xxiii);

(xx) Liens securing Indebtedness on real property other than Material Real Property (except as required by this Agreement);

(xxi) Settlement Liens;

(xxii) Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01(a)(vii), (viii), (xv) or (xviii) (provided any such Liens on Collateral shall be subject to First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement and/or Customary Intercreditor Agreement);

(xxiii) [Reserved];

(xxiv) Liens on cash and Permitted Investments used to satisfy or discharge Indebtedness; provided such satisfaction or discharge is permitted hereunder;

(xxv) Receipt of progress payments and advances from customers in the ordinary course of business to the extent the same creates a Lien on the related inventory and proceeds thereof;

(xxvi) Liens on Equity Interests of any joint venture (a) securing obligations of such joint venture or (b) pursuant to the relevant joint venture agreement or arrangement;

(xxvii) Liens on cash or Permitted Investments securing Swap Agreements in the ordinary course of business submitted for clearing in accordance with applicable Requirements of Law; provided that the aggregate outstanding amount of obligations secured by Liens existing in reliance on this clause (xxvii) shall not exceed $30,000,000;

 

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(xxviii) other Liens; provided that, at the time of the granting thereof and after giving Pro Forma Effect thereto, the aggregate amount of obligations secured by all Liens incurred in reliance on this clause (xxviii) shall not exceed the greater of (A) $80,000,000 and (B) 20% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period (provided that, with respect to any such obligation, the amount of such obligation shall be the lesser of (x) the outstanding face amount of such obligation and (y) the fair market value of the assets securing such obligation); provided, further, that no such Liens under this clause (xxviii) shall encumber any Material Real Property (except as required by this Agreement);and

(xxix) Liens on accounts receivable, Securitization Assets and related assets incurred in connection with a Qualified Securitization Facility.

SECTION 6.03 Fundamental Changes; Holdings Covenant.

(a) The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with any other Person, or permit any other Person to merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with it, or liquidate or dissolve (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not restrict the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary from changing its organizational form), except that:

(i) any Restricted Subsidiary may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with (A) the Borrower; provided that the Borrower shall be the continuing or surviving Person, or (B) any one or more Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, further, that when any Subsidiary Loan Party is merging, amalgamating or consolidating with another Restricted Subsidiary (1) the continuing or surviving Person shall be a Subsidiary Loan Party or (2) if the continuing or surviving Person is not a Subsidiary Loan Party, the acquisition of such Subsidiary Loan Party by such surviving Restricted Subsidiary is otherwise permitted under Section 6.04;

(ii) (A) any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with or into any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party and (B) (x) any Restricted Subsidiary (other than the Borrower) may liquidate or dissolve and (y) any Restricted Subsidiary may change its legal or organizational form if the Borrower determines in good faith that such action is in the best interests of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries and is not materially disadvantageous to the Lenders;

(iii) any Restricted Subsidiary may make a Disposition of all or substantially all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to the Borrower or another Restricted Subsidiary; provided that if the transferor in such a transaction is a Loan Party, then (A) the transferee must be a Loan Party, (B) to the extent constituting an Investment, such Investment is a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party in accordance with Section 6.04 or (C) to the extent constituting a Disposition to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party, such Disposition is for Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by the Borrower) and any promissory note or other non-cash consideration received in respect thereof is a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party in accordance with Section 6.04;

(iv) the Borrower may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with (or Dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to) any other Person; provided that (A) the Borrower shall be the continuing or surviving Person or (B) if the Person formed by or surviving any such merger, amalgamation or consolidation is not the Borrower or is a Person into which the Borrower has been liquidated (or, in connection with a Disposition of all or substantially all of the Borrower’s assets, if the transferee of such assets) (any such Person, the “Successor Borrower”), (1) the Successor Borrower shall be an entity organized or existing under the laws of a Covered Jurisdiction, (2) the Successor Borrower shall expressly assume all of the obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents to which the Borrower is a party pursuant to a supplement hereto or thereto in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent, (3) each Loan Party other than the Borrower, unless it is the other party to such merger, amalgamation or consolidation, shall have reaffirmed, pursuant to an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Administrative Agent, that its Guarantee of and grant of any Liens as security for the Secured Obligations shall apply to the Successor Borrower’s obligations under this Agreement and (4) the Borrower shall have delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower and an opinion of counsel, each stating that such merger, amalgamation or consolidation complies with this Agreement; provided further that (y) if such Person is not a Loan Party, no Event of Default (or, to the extent related to a Limited

 

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Condition Transaction, no Specified Event of Default) shall exist after giving effect to such merger, amalgamation or consolidation and (z) if the foregoing requirements are satisfied, the Successor Borrower will succeed to, and be substituted for, the Borrower under this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents; provided further that the Borrower shall have provided any documentation and other information about the Successor Borrower to the extent reasonably requested in writing promptly, and in any case within one Business Day following the delivery of the certificate in clause (4), by any Lender or Issuing Bank through the First Lien Administrative Agent that such Lender or Issuing Bank shall have reasonably determined is required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act (provided, that for the avoidance of doubt, the Borrower’s failure to deliver information requested after the first Business Day following delivery of the certificate in clause (4) above shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under this Agreement or the First Lien Loan Documents);

(v) any Restricted Subsidiary may merge, consolidate or amalgamate with any other Person in order to effect an Investment permitted pursuant to Section 6.04; provided that the continuing or surviving Person shall be the Borrower or a Restricted Subsidiary, which together with each of the Restricted Subsidiaries, shall have complied with the requirements of Sections 5.11 and 5.12;

(vi) [reserved]; and

(vii) any Restricted Subsidiary may effect a merger, amalgamation, dissolution, liquidation consolidation or amalgamation to effect a Disposition permitted pursuant to Section 6.05.

(b) Holdings will not, and will not permit any Intermediate Parent to, conduct, transact or otherwise engage in any business or operations other than (i) the ownership and/or acquisition of the Equity Interests of the Borrower, any Intermediate Parent and any other Subsidiary, (ii) the maintenance of its legal existence, including the ability to incur fees, costs and expenses relating to such maintenance, (iii) participating in tax, accounting and other administrative matters as a member of the consolidated group of Holdings and its Subsidiaries, (iv) the performance of its obligations under and in connection with the First Lien Loan Documents, the Second Lien Debt Documents, any documentation governing any Indebtedness or Guarantee and the other agreements contemplated hereby and thereby, (v) any public offering of its or any of its direct or indirect parent’s common stock or any other issuance or registration of its Equity Interests for sale or resale not prohibited by this Agreement, including the costs, fees and expenses related thereto, (vi) making any dividend or distribution or other transaction similar to a Restricted Payment and not otherwise prohibited by Section 6.08, or any Investment in the Borrower, any Intermediate Parent or any other Subsidiary, (vii) the incurrence of any Indebtedness, (viii) incurring fees, costs and expenses relating to overhead and general operating including professional fees for legal, tax and accounting issues and paying taxes, (ix) providing indemnification to officers and members of the Board of Directors, (x) activities incidental to the consummation of the Transactions and (xi) activities incidental to the businesses or activities described in clauses (i) to (x) of this paragraph.

(c) Holdings will not, and will not permit any Intermediate Parent to, own or acquire any material assets (other than Equity Interests as referred to in paragraph (b)(i) above, cash and Permitted Investments, intercompany Investments in any Intermediate Parent, Subsidiary or Borrower permitted hereunder) or incur any liabilities (other than liabilities as referred to in paragraph (b)(vii) above, liabilities imposed by law, including tax liabilities, and other liabilities incidental to its existence and business and activities permitted by this Agreement).

SECTION 6.04 Investments, Loans, Advances, Guarantees and Acquisitions.

The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make or hold any Investment, except:

(a) Permitted Investments at the time such Permitted Investment is made and purchases of assets in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

 

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(b) loans or advances to officers, members of the Board of Directors and employees of Holdings, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries (i) for reasonable and customary business-related travel, entertainment, relocation and analogous ordinary business purposes, (ii) in connection with such Person’s purchase of Equity Interests of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) (provided that the amount of such loans and advances made in cash to such Person shall be contributed to the Borrower in cash as common equity or Qualified Equity Interests) and (iii) for purposes not described in the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), in an aggregate principal amount outstanding under this clause (iii) at any time not to exceed $30,000,000;

(c) Investments by the Borrower in any Restricted Subsidiary and Investments by any Restricted Subsidiary in the Borrower or any other Restricted Subsidiary; provided that, in the case of any Investment by a Loan Party in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom;

(d) Investments consisting of extensions of trade credit and accommodation guarantees in the ordinary course of business;

(e) Investments (i) existing or contemplated on the Effective Date and set forth on Schedule 6.04 and any modification, replacement, renewal, reinvestment or extension thereof and (ii) Investments existing on the Effective Date by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary and any modification, renewal or extension thereof; provided that the amount of the original Investment is not increased except by the terms of such Investment to the extent as set forth on Schedule 6.04 or as otherwise permitted by this Section 6.04;

(f) Investments in Swap Agreements incurred in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;

(g) promissory notes and other non-cash consideration received in connection with Dispositions permitted by Section 6.05;

(h) Permitted Acquisitions;

(i) the Transactions;

(j) Investments in the ordinary course of business consisting of Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 endorsements for collection or deposit and Uniform Commercial Code Article 4 customary trade arrangements with customers in the ordinary course of business;

(k) Investments (including debt obligations and Equity Interests) received in connection with the bankruptcy or reorganization of suppliers and customers or in settlement of delinquent obligations of, or other disputes with, customers and suppliers or upon the foreclosure with respect to any secured Investment or other transfer of title with respect to any secured Investment;

(l) loans and advances to Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent (x) in lieu of, and not in excess of the amount of (after giving effect to any other loans, advances or Restricted Payments in respect thereof), Restricted Payments to the extent permitted to be made to Holdings (or such parent) or such Intermediate Parent in accordance with Section 6.07(a) and (y) to the extent the proceeds thereof are contributed or loaned or advanced to any Restricted Subsidiary;

(m) additional Investments and other acquisitions; provided that at the time any such Investment or other acquisition is made, the aggregate outstanding amount of such Investment or acquisition made in reliance on this clause (m), together with the aggregate amount of all consideration paid in connection with all other Investments and acquisitions made in reliance on this clause (m) (including the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness assumed in connection with any such other Investment or acquisition previously made under this clause (m)), shall not exceed the sum of the greater of (i)(A)

 

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$195,000,000 and (B) 50% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period after giving Pro Forma Effect to the making of such Investment or other acquisition, plus (ii) so long as immediately after giving effect to any such Investment (x) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and (y) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment, plus (iii) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment; plus (C) the General Restricted Payment Reallocated Amount; plus (D) the Junior Debt Payment Reallocated Amount;

(n) advances of payroll payments to employees in the ordinary course of business;

(o) Investments and other acquisitions to the extent that payment for such Investments is made with Qualified Equity Interests (excluding Qualified Equity Interests the proceeds of which will be applied as Cure Amounts) of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof or the IPO Entity);

(p) Investments of a Subsidiary acquired after the Effective Date or of a Person merged, amalgamated or consolidated with any Subsidiary in accordance with this Section 6.04 and Section 6.03 after the Effective Date or that otherwise becomes a Subsidiary (provided that if such Investment is made under Section 6.04(h), existing Investments in subsidiaries of such Subsidiary or Person shall comply with the requirements of Section 6.04(h)) to the extent that such Investments were not made in contemplation of or in connection with such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation and were in existence on the date of such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation;

(q) receivables owing to the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, if created or acquired in the ordinary course of business;

(r) Investments (A) for utilities, security deposits, leases and similar prepaid expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business and (B) trade accounts created, or prepaid expenses accrued, in the ordinary course of business;

(s) non-cash Investments in connection with tax planning and reorganization activities; provided that after giving effect to any such activities, the security interests of the Lenders in the Collateral, taken as a whole, would not be materially impaired;

(t) additional Investments so long as at the time of any such Investment and after giving effect thereto, (A) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is no greater than 7.00 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (B) no Event of Default exists or would result therefrom;

(u) Investments consisting of Indebtedness, Liens, fundamental changes, Dispositions and Restricted Payments permitted (other than by reference to this Section 6.04(v)) under Sections 6.01, 6.02, 6.03, 6.05 and 6.07, respectively;

(v) contributions to a “rabbi” trust for the benefit of employees, directors, consultants, independent contractors or other service providers or other grantor trust subject to claims of creditors in the case of a bankruptcy of the Borrower;

(w) to the extent that they constitute Investments, purchases and acquisitions of inventory, supplies, materials or equipment or purchases, acquisitions, licenses or leases of other assets, Intellectual Property, or other rights, in each case in the ordinary course of business;

(x) any Investment in any Subsidiary or any joint venture in connection with intercompany cash management arrangements or related activities arising in the ordinary course of business;

(y) Investments by an Unrestricted Subsidiary entered into prior to the day such Unrestricted Subsidiary is redesignated as a Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary”;

 

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(z) Investments in or relating to a Securitization Subsidiary that, in the good faith determination of the Borrower are necessary or advisable to effect any Qualified Securitization Facility or any repurchase obligation in connection therewith, including, without limitation, Investments of funds held in accounts permitted or required by the arrangements governing such Qualified Securitization Facilities or any related Indebtedness; and

(aa) Investments in the ordinary course of business in connection with Settlements.

SECTION 6.05 Asset Sales.

The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, (i) voluntarily sell, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of any asset, including any Equity Interest owned by it or (ii) permit any Restricted Subsidiary to issue any additional Equity Interest in such Restricted Subsidiary (other than issuing directors’ qualifying shares, nominal shares issued to foreign nationals to the extent required by applicable Requirements of Law and other than issuing Equity Interests to the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in compliance with Section 6.04(c)) (each, a “Disposition” and the term “Dispose” as a verb has the corresponding meaning), except:

(a) Dispositions of obsolete, damaged, used, surplus or worn out property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, in the ordinary course of business and Dispositions of property no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, in the conduct of the core or principal business of the Borrower and any Restricted Subsidiary (including by ceasing to enforce, abandoning, allowing to lapse, terminate or be invalidated, discontinuing the use or maintenance of or putting into the public domain, any Intellectual Property that is, in the reasonable judgment of the Borrower or the Restricted Subsidiaries, no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, or in respect of which the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary determines in its reasonable business judgment that such action or inaction is desirable);

(b) Dispositions of inventory and other assets (including Settlement Assets) or held for sale or no longer used in the ordinary course of business and immaterial assets (considered in the aggregate) in the ordinary course of business;

(c) Dispositions of property to the extent that (i) such property is exchanged for credit against the purchase price of similar replacement property or (ii) an amount equal to Net Proceeds of such Disposition are promptly applied to the purchase price of such replacement property;

(d) Dispositions of property to the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary; provided that if the transferor in such a transaction is a Loan Party, then either (i) the transferee must be a Loan Party, (ii) to the extent constituting an Investment, such Investment must be a permitted Investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party in accordance with Section 6.04 or (iii) to the extent constituting a Disposition to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party, such Disposition is for Fair Market Value (as determined in good faith by the Borrower) and any promissory note or other non-cash consideration received in respect thereof is a permitted investment in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party in accordance with Section 6.04;

(e) Dispositions permitted by Section 6.03, Investments permitted by Section 6.04, Restricted Payments permitted by Section 6.07 and Liens permitted by Section 6.02;

(f) Dispositions of property acquired by the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries after the Effective Date pursuant to sale-leaseback transactions;

(g) Dispositions of Permitted Investments;

(h) Dispositions or forgiveness of accounts receivable in connection with the collection or compromise thereof (including sales to factors or other third parties);

 

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(i) leases, subleases, service agreements, product sales, licenses or sublicenses (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property), in each case that do not materially interfere with the business of the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;

(j) transfers of property subject to Casualty Events;

(k) Dispositions of property to Persons other than Restricted Subsidiaries (including the sale or issuance of Equity Interests of a Restricted Subsidiary) for Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower in good faith) not otherwise permitted under this Section 6.05; provided that with respect to any Disposition pursuant to this clause (k) for a purchase price in excess of $200,000,000, the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiaries shall receive not less than 75% of such consideration in the form of cash or Permitted Investments; provided, however, that solely for the purposes of this clause (k), (A) any liabilities (as shown on the most recent balance sheet of the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiary or in the footnotes thereto) of the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiary, other than liabilities that are by their terms subordinated in right of payment to the First Lien Loan Document Obligations, that are assumed by the transferee with respect to the applicable Disposition and for which the Borrower and all of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall have been validly released by all applicable creditors in writing, shall be deemed to be cash, (B) any securities, notes or other obligations or assets received by the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are converted by the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiary into cash or Permitted Investments (to the extent of the cash or Permitted Investments received) within one hundred and eighty (180) days following the closing of the applicable Disposition, shall be deemed to be cash, (C) Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary that ceases to be a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such Disposition (other than intercompany debt owed to the Borrower or its Restricted Subsidiaries), to the extent that the Borrower and all of the Restricted Subsidiaries (to the extent previously liable thereunder) are released from any guarantee of payment of the principal amount of such Indebtedness in connection with such Disposition, shall be deemed to be cash, (D) any Designated Non-Cash Consideration received by the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiary in respect of such Disposition having an aggregate Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower in good faith), taken together with all other Designated Non-Cash Consideration received pursuant to this clause (k) that is at that time outstanding, not in excess of $200,000,000 at the time of the receipt of such Designated Non-Cash Consideration, with the Fair Market Value (as determined by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower in good faith) of each item of Designated Non-Cash Consideration being measured at the time received and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value, shall be deemed to be cash and (E) at the time of and immediately after giving effect to such Disposition, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; provided, that the Required Revolving Lenders may waive such requirement;

(l) Dispositions of Investments in joint ventures to the extent required by, or made pursuant to customary buy/sell arrangements between, the joint venture parties set forth in joint venture arrangements and similar binding arrangements;

(m) any Disposition of the Equity Interests of any Immaterial Subsidiary or Unrestricted Subsidiary;

(n) Dispositions of any assets (including Equity Interests) (A) acquired in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or other Investment not prohibited hereunder, which assets are not used or useful to the core or principal business of the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries and (B) made to obtain the approval of any applicable antitrust authority in connection with a Permitted Acquisition;

(o) (i) any Disposition of accounts receivable, Securitization Assets, any participations thereof, or related assets in connection with or any Qualified Securitization Facility, (ii) the sale or discount of inventory, accounts receivable or notes receivable in the ordinary course of business (including sales to factors or other third parties) or in connection with any supplier and/or customer financing or (iii) the conversion of accounts receivable to notes receivable;

 

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(p) transfers of condemned real property as a result of the exercise of “eminent domain” or other similar powers to the respective Governmental Authority or agency that has condemned the same (whether by deed in lieu of condemnation or otherwise), and transfers of real property arising from foreclosure or similar action or that have been subject to a casualty to the respective insurer of such real property as part of an insurance settlement; and

(q) non-exclusive licenses or sublicenses, or other similar grants of rights, to Intellectual Property in the ordinary course of business.

SECTION 6.06 [Reserved].

SECTION 6.07 Restricted Payments; Certain Payments of Indebtedness.

(a) The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, declare or make, or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Payment, except:

(i) each Restricted Subsidiary may make Restricted Payments to (x) the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, provided that in the case of any such Restricted Payment by a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Wholly Owned Subsidiary, such Restricted Payment is made to a Borrower, any Restricted Subsidiary and to each other owner of Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary based on their relative ownership interests of the relevant class of Equity Interests and (y) Holdings to the extent the proceeds of such Restricted Payments are contributed or loaned or advanced to another Restricted Subsidiary;

(ii) the Borrower and each Restricted Subsidiary may declare and make dividend payments or other distributions payable solely in the Equity Interests of such Person;

(iii) Restricted Payments made in connection with the Transactions;

(iv) repurchases of Equity Interests in Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings), any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary deemed to occur upon exercise of stock options or warrants if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price or withholding Taxes payable in connection with the exercise of such options or warrants or other incentive interests;

(v) Restricted Payments to Holdings or any Intermediate Parent, which Holdings or such Intermediate Parent may use to redeem, acquire, retire, repurchase or settle its Equity Interests (or any options, warrants, restricted stock or stock appreciation rights or similar securities issued with respect to any such Equity Interests) or Indebtedness or to service Indebtedness incurred by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent companies of Holdings to finance the redemption, acquisition, retirement, repurchase or settlement of such Equity Interest or Indebtedness (or make Restricted Payments to allow any of Holdings’ direct or indirect parent companies to so redeem, retire, acquire or repurchase their Equity Interests or their Indebtedness or to service Indebtedness incurred by Holdings or an Intermediate Parent to finance the redemption, acquisition, retirement, repurchase or settlement of such Equity Interests or Indebtedness or to service Indebtedness incurred to finance the redemption, retirement, acquisition or repurchase of such Equity Interests or Indebtedness), held directly or indirectly by current or former officers, managers, consultants, members of the Board of Directors, employees or independent contractors (or their respective spouses, former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees) of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof), any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries, upon the death, disability, retirement or termination of employment of any such Person or otherwise in accordance with any stock option or stock appreciation rights plan, any management, director and/or employee stock ownership or incentive plan, stock subscription plan, employment termination agreement or any other employment agreements or equity holders’ agreement in an aggregate amount after the Effective Date together with the aggregate amount of loans and advances to Holdings or an Intermediate Parent made pursuant to Section 6.04(m) in lieu of Restricted Payments permitted by this clause (v) not to exceed $15,000,000 in any calendar year with unused amounts in any calendar year being carried over to succeeding calendar years subject to a maximum of $35,000,000 in any calendar year (without giving effect to the following proviso); provided that such amount in any calendar year may be increased by (1) an amount not to exceed the cash proceeds of key man life insurance policies received by the Borrower (or by Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or an Intermediate

 

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Parent and contributed to the Borrower) or the Restricted Subsidiaries after the Effective Date, or (2) the amount of any bona fide cash bonuses otherwise payable to members of the Board of Directors, consultants, officers, employees, managers or independent contractors of Holdings, an Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary that are foregone in return for the receipt of Equity Interests, the Fair Market Value of which is equal to or less than the amount of such cash bonuses, which, if not used in any year, may be carried forward to any subsequent fiscal year; provided further that cancellation of Indebtedness owing to the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary from members of the Board of Directors, consultants, officers, employees, managers or independent contractors (or their respective spouses, former spouses, successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legatees or distributees) of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in connection with a repurchase of Equity Interests of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent or the Borrower (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) will not be deemed to constitute a Restricted Payment for purposes of this Section 6.07 or any other provisions of this Agreement.

(vi) other Restricted Payments made by the Borrower; provided that, at the time of making such Restricted Payments, (x) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom and (y) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is equal to or less than 6.00 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period;

(vii) the Borrower and any Restricted Subsidiary may make Restricted Payments in cash to the Borrower, Holdings and any Intermediate Parent:

(A) as distributions by the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary to the Borrower or Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) in amounts required for Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) to pay with respect to any taxable period in which the Borrower and/or any of its Subsidiaries is a member of (or the Borrower is a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes wholly owned by a member of) a consolidated, combined, unitary or similar tax group (a “Tax Group”) for U.S. federal and/or applicable foreign, state or local income tax purposes of which Holdings or any other direct or indirect parent of Holdings is the common parent, Taxes that are attributable to the taxable income, revenue, receipts, gross receipts, gross profits, capital or margin of the Borrower and/or its Subsidiaries; provided that, for each taxable period, the amount of such payments made in respect of such taxable period in the aggregate shall not exceed the amount of such Taxes that the Borrower and its Subsidiaries would have been required to pay if they were a stand-alone Tax Group with the Borrower as the corporate common parent of such stand-alone Tax Group (collectively, “Tax Distributions”);

(B) the proceeds of which shall be used by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent to pay (or to make Restricted Payments to allow any direct or indirect parent of Holdings to pay) (1) its operating expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business and other corporate overhead costs and expenses (including administrative, legal, accounting and similar expenses payable to third parties) that are reasonable and customary and incurred in the ordinary course of business, (2) any reasonable and customary indemnification claims made by members of the Board of Directors or officers, employees, directors, managers, consultants or independent contractors of Holdings (or any parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent attributable to the ownership or operations of Holdings, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries, (3) fees and expenses (x) due and payable by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries and (y) otherwise permitted to be paid by the Borrower and any Restricted Subsidiaries under this Agreement, (4) to the extent constituting a Restricted Payment, amounts due and payable pursuant to any investor management agreement entered into with the Sponsor after the Effective Date in an aggregate amount not to exceed 2.5 % of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) as of the time of such Restricted Payment and (5) amounts that would otherwise be permitted to be paid pursuant to Section 6.08 (iii) or (xi);

(C) the proceeds of which shall be used by Holdings (or any Intermediate Parent or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings) to pay franchise and similar Taxes, and other fees and expenses, required to maintain its corporate or other legal existence;

 

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(D) to finance any Investment made by Holdings or any Intermediate Parent that, if made by the Borrower, would be permitted to be made pursuant to Section 6.04; provided that (A) such Restricted Payment shall be made substantially concurrently with the closing of such Investment and (B) Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof) or any Intermediate Parent shall, immediately following the closing thereof, cause (1) all property acquired (whether assets or Equity Interests but not including any loans or advances made pursuant to Section 6.04(b)) to be contributed to the Borrower or its Restricted Subsidiaries or (2) the Person formed or acquired to merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries to the extent such merger, amalgamation or consolidation is permitted in Section 6.03) in order to consummate such Investment, in each case in accordance with the requirements of Sections 5.11 and 5.12;

(E) the proceeds of which shall be used to pay (or to make Restricted Payments to allow Holdings or any direct or indirect parent thereof or any Intermediate Parent thereof to pay) fees and expenses related to any equity or debt offering not prohibited by this Agreement;

(F) the proceeds of which shall be used to pay customary salary, bonus and other benefits payable to officers and employees of Holdings or any direct or indirect parent company of Holdings or any Intermediate Parent to the extent such salaries, bonuses and other benefits are attributable to the ownership or operation of Holdings, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries; and

(G) the proceeds of which shall be used to make payments permitted by clause (b)(iv) and (b)(v) of Section 6.07;

(viii) in addition to the foregoing Restricted Payments and so long as (x) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would result therefrom and (y) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period, the Borrower may make additional Restricted Payments, in an aggregate amount not to exceed the sum of (A) the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Restricted Payment, plus (B) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Restricted Payment;

(ix) redemptions in whole or in part of any of its Equity Interests for another class of its Equity Interests or with proceeds from substantially concurrent equity contributions or issuances of new Equity Interests; provided, that such new Equity Interests contain terms and provisions at least as advantageous to the Lenders in all respects material to their interests as those contained in the Equity Interests redeemed thereby;

(x) payments made or expected to be made in respect of withholding or similar Taxes payable by any future, present or former employee, director, manager or consultant and any repurchases of Equity Interests in consideration of such payments including deemed repurchases in connection with the exercise of stock options and the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units;

(xi) payments to Holdings or any Intermediate Parent to permit it to (a) pay cash in lieu of fractional Equity Interests in connection with any dividend, split or combination thereof or any Permitted Acquisition (or other similar Investment) and (b) honor any conversion request by a holder of convertible Indebtedness and make cash payments in lieu of fractional shares in connection with any such conversion and may make payments on convertible Indebtedness in accordance with its terms;

(xii) payments made or expected to be made by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary in respect of withholding or similar Taxes payable upon exercise of Equity Interests by any future, present or former employee, director, officer, manager or consultant (or their respective controlled Affiliates or permitted transferees) and any repurchases of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon exercise of stock options or warrants if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price of such options or warrants or required withholding or similar Taxes;

 

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(xiii) [reserved];

(xiv) the declaration and payment of a Restricted Payment on Holdings’ or the Borrower’s common stock (or the payment of Restricted Payments to Holdings or any direct or indirect parent company of Holdings to fund a payment of dividends on such company’s common stock), following consummation of an IPO, of up to 6.0% per annum of the net cash proceeds of such IPO received by or contributed to the Borrower, other than public offerings with respect to the IPO Entity’s common stock registered on Form S-8; and

(xv) any distributions or payments of Securitization Fees.

(b) The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) of or in respect of principal of or interest on any Junior Financing, or any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Junior Financing, or any other payment (including any payment under any Swap Agreement) that has a substantially similar effect to any of the foregoing, except:

(i) payment of regularly scheduled interest and principal payments, mandatory offers to repay, repurchase or redeem, mandatory prepayments of principal premium and interest, and payment of fees, expenses and indemnification obligations, with respect to such Junior Financing, other than payments in respect of any Junior Financing prohibited by the subordination provisions thereof;

(ii) refinancings of Indebtedness to the extent permitted by Section 6.01;

(iii) the conversion of any Junior Financing to Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Equity Interests) of Holdings or any of its direct or indirect parent companies or any Intermediate Parent or the Borrower, and any payment that is intended to prevent any Junior Financing from being treated as an “applicable high yield discount obligation” within the meaning of Section 163(i)(1) of the Code;

(iv) prepayments, redemptions, repurchases, defeasances and other payments in respect of Junior Financings prior to their scheduled maturity in an aggregate amount, not to exceed the sum of (A) an amount at the time of making any such prepayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other payment and together with any other prepayments, redemptions, repurchases, defeasances and other payments made utilizing this subclause (A) not to exceed the greater of (1) $60,000,000 and (2) 15% of Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently ended Test Period after giving Pro Forma Effect to the making of such prepayment, redemption, purchase, defeasance or other payment, plus (B) (1) so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and shall be continuing or would result therefrom and (2) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Total Net Leverage Ratio does not exceed 7.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period (x) the Available Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment plus (y) the Available Equity Amount that is Not Otherwise Applied as in effect immediately prior to the time of making of such Investment;

(v) payments made in connection with the Transactions;

(vi) prepayments, redemptions, purchases, defeasances and other payments in respect of Junior Financing prior to their scheduled maturity; provided that after giving effect to such prepayment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance or other payment, (A) on a Pro Forma Basis, the Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio is less than or equal to 6.50 to 1.00 for the most recently ended Test Period and (B) no Event of Default exists or would result therefrom; and

(vii) prepayment of Junior Financing owed to the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or the prepayment of Permitted Refinancing of such Indebtedness with the proceeds of any other Junior Financing.

 

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SECTION 6.08 Transactions with Affiliates.

The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, sell, lease or otherwise transfer any property or assets to, or purchase, lease or otherwise acquire any property or assets from, or otherwise engage in any other transactions with, any of its Affiliates, except (i) (A) transactions between or among the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or any entity that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such transaction and (B) transactions involving aggregate payment or consideration of less than $40,000,000, (ii) on terms substantially as favorable to the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiary as would be obtainable by such Person at the time in a comparable arm’s-length transaction with a Person other than an Affiliate, (iii) the payment of fees and expenses related to the Transactions, (iv) the payment of management, consulting, advisory and monitoring fees to the Investors (or management companies of the Investors), or the making of distributions to the Investors (or their Affiliates) pursuant to customary equity arrangements, in an aggregate amount in any fiscal year not to exceed the amount permitted to be paid pursuant to Section 6.07(a)(vii)(B)(4), (v) issuances of Equity Interests of the Borrower to the extent otherwise permitted by this Agreement, (vi) employment and severance arrangements between the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries and their respective officers and employees in the ordinary course of business or otherwise in connection with the Transactions (including loans and advances pursuant to Sections 6.04(b) and 6.04(n)), (vii) payments by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to tax sharing agreements among Holdings (and any such parent thereof), any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries on customary terms to the extent attributable to the ownership or operation of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries, to the extent such payments are permitted by Section 6.07, (viii) the payment of customary fees and reasonable out-of-pocket costs to, and indemnities provided on behalf of, members of the Board of Directors, officers and employees of Holdings (or any direct or indirect parent thereof), the Borrower, any Intermediate Parent and the Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business to the extent attributable to the ownership or operation of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries, (ix) transactions pursuant to permitted agreements in existence or contemplated on the Effective Date and set forth on Schedule 6.08 or any amendment thereto to the extent such an amendment is not adverse to the Lenders in any material respect, (x) Restricted Payments permitted under Section 6.07 and loans and advances in lieu thereof pursuant to Section 6.04(l), (xi) payments to or from, and transactions with, any joint venture in the ordinary course of business (including, without limitation, any cash management activities related thereto), (xii) transactions with customers, clients, suppliers, contractors, joint venture partners or purchasers or sellers of goods or services that are Affiliates, in each case in the ordinary course of business and which are fair to the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries, in the reasonable determination of the Borrower, or are on terms at least as favorable as might reasonably have been obtained at such time from an unaffiliated party, (xiii) sales of accounts receivable, or participations therein, or Securitization Assets or related assets in connection with or any Qualified Securitization Facility, (xiv) payments made in connection with the Transactions, (xv) customary payments by the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries to the Sponsor made for any financial advisory, consulting, financing, underwriting or placement services or in respect of other investment banking activities (including in connection with acquisitions, divestitures or financings), which payments are approved by the majority of the members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Borrower or such Restricted Subsidiary in good faith and (xvi) any other (A) Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01 and Liens permitted under Section 6.02; provided that such Indebtedness and Liens are on terms which are fair and reasonable to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as determined by the majority of disinterested members of the board of directors of the Borrower and (B) transactions permitted under Section 6.03, Investments permitted under Section 6.04 and Restricted Payments permitted under Section 6.07.

SECTION 6.09 Restrictive Agreements.

The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, enter into any agreement, instrument, deed or lease that prohibits or limits the ability of any Loan Party to create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of their respective properties or revenues, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, for the benefit of the Secured Parties with respect to the Secured Obligations or under the First Lien Loan Documents; provided that the foregoing shall not apply to:

(a) restrictions and conditions imposed by (1) Requirements of Law, (2) any First Lien Loan Document, (3) any documentation governing First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt, (4) any documentation governing Permitted Unsecured Refinancing Debt, Permitted First Priority Refinancing Debt or Permitted Second Priority Refinancing Debt, (5) any documentation governing other Indebtedness (other than

 

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intercompany debt owed to the Borrower or the Restricted Subsidiaries) that do not materially impair the Borrower’s ability to make payments on the Loans, (6) any documentation governing Indebtedness incurred pursuant to Section 6.01(a)(xxiv) or Section 6.01(a)(vii), (viii), (ix), (xv), (xxii) or (xxvii) and (6) any documentation governing any Permitted Refinancing incurred to refinance any such Indebtedness referenced in clauses (1) through (5) above;

(b) customary restrictions and conditions existing on the Effective Date and any extension, renewal, amendment, modification or replacement thereof, except to the extent any such amendment, modification or replacement expands the scope of any such restriction or condition;

(c) restrictions and conditions contained in agreements relating to the sale of a Subsidiary or any assets pending such sale; provided that such restrictions and conditions apply only to the Subsidiary or assets that is or are to be sold and such sale is permitted hereunder;

(d) customary provisions in leases, licenses, sublicenses and other contracts (including licenses and sublicenses of Intellectual Property) restricting the assignment thereof;

(e) restrictions imposed by any agreement relating to secured Indebtedness permitted by this Agreement to the extent such restriction applies only to the property securing such Indebtedness;

(f) any restrictions or conditions set forth in any agreement in effect at any time any Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary (but not any modification or amendment expanding the scope of any such restriction or condition); provided that such agreement was not entered into in contemplation of such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and the restriction or condition set forth in such agreement does not apply to the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary;

(g) restrictions or conditions in any Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 6.01 that is incurred or assumed by Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties to the extent such restrictions or conditions are no more restrictive in any material respect than the restrictions and conditions in the First Lien Loan Documents or, in the case of Junior Financing, are market terms at the time of issuance and are imposed solely on such Restricted Subsidiary and its Subsidiaries;

(h) restrictions on cash (or Permitted Investments) or other deposits imposed by agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business (or other restrictions on cash or deposits constituting Permitted Encumbrances);

(i) restrictions set forth on Schedule 6.09 and any extension, renewal, amendment, modification or replacement thereof, except to the extent any such amendment, modification or replacement expands the scope of any such restriction or condition;

(j) customary provisions in joint venture agreements and other similar agreements applicable to joint ventures permitted by Section 6.04;

(k) customary restrictions contained in leases, subleases, licenses, sublicenses or asset sale agreements otherwise permitted hereby so long as such restrictions relate only to the assets subject thereto;

(l) customary provisions restricting subletting or assignment of any lease governing a leasehold interest of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary; and

(m) customary net worth provisions contained in real property leases entered into by Subsidiaries, so long as the Borrower has determined in good faith that such net worth provisions could not reasonably be expected to impair the ability of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries to meet their ongoing obligations.

 

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SECTION 6.10 Amendment of Junior Financing.

The Borrower will not, and will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, amend or modify the documentation governing any Junior Financing if the effect of such amendment or modification is materially adverse to the Lenders or the Issuing Banks; provided that such modification will not be deemed to be materially adverse if such Junior Financing could be otherwise incurred under this Agreement (including as Indebtedness that does not constitute a Junior Financing) with such terms as so modified at the time of such modification.

SECTION 6.11 Financial Performance Covenant.

Solely with respect to the Revolving Facility, if on the last day of any Test Period (commencing with the Test Period ending March 31, 2020), the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of Revolving Loans then outstanding (other than for the first four fiscal quarters following the Effective Date, any Revolving Loans borrowed to fund any fees paid on the Effective Date in connection with the Transactions), plus (ii) the aggregate amount of LC Disbursements that have not been reimbursed (or otherwise cash collateralized or backstopped) within two (2) Business Days by or on behalf of the Borrower following the end of the applicable fiscal quarter, exceeds the greater of (x) $76,000,000 and (y) 40% of the aggregate principal amount of Revolving Commitments then in effect (after including any Additional/Replacement Revolving Commitments or Incremental Revolving Commitment Increase then in effect), the Borrower will not permit the Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio to exceed 9.00 to 1.00 on the last day of such Test Period.

SECTION 6.12 Changes in Fiscal Periods.

The Borrower will not make any change in fiscal year; provided, however, that the Borrower may, upon written notice to the First Lien Administrative Agent, change its fiscal year to any other fiscal year reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent, in which case, the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent will, and are hereby authorized by the Lenders to, make any adjustments to this Agreement that are necessary to reflect such change in fiscal year; and provided further that the limitation of this Section 6.12 shall not apply with respect to any short year resulting from the Transactions to occur on the Effective Date.

ARTICLE VII

EVENTS OF DEFAULT

SECTION 7.01 Events of Default.

If any of the following events (any such event, an “Event of Default”) shall occur:

(a) any Loan Party shall fail to pay any principal of any Loan or any reimbursement obligation in respect of any LC Disbursement when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at the due date thereof or at a date fixed for prepayment thereof or otherwise;

(b) any Loan Party shall fail to pay any interest on any Loan or any fee or any other amount (other than an amount referred to in paragraph (a) of this Section 7.01) payable under any First Lien Loan Document, when and as the same shall become due and payable, and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of five (5) Business Days;

(c) any representation or warranty made or deemed made by or on behalf of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with any First Lien Loan Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, or in any report, certificate, financial statement or other document furnished pursuant to or in connection with any First Lien Loan Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect when made or deemed made, and such incorrect representation or warranty (if curable) shall remain incorrect for a period of 30 days after notice thereof from the First Lien Administrative Agent to the Borrower;

 

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(d) (i) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in Sections 5.02, 5.04 (with respect to the existence of Holdings, the Borrower or any such Intermediate Parents or Restricted Subsidiaries), 5.10, 5.14 or in Article VI (other than Section 6.08 or 6.12 or the Financial Performance Covenant); or

(ii) the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to observe or perform the Financial Performance Covenant; provided that (a) any Event of Default under Section 6.11 is subject to cure as provided in Section 7.02 and an Event of Default with respect to such Section shall not occur until the expiration of the tenth (10th) day subsequent to the date on which the financial statements with respect to the applicable fiscal quarter (or the fiscal year ended on the last day of such fiscal quarter) are required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or Section 5.01(b), as applicable, and (b) a Default under Section 6.11 shall not constitute an Event of Default with respect to the Term Loans unless and until the Revolving Lenders have actually declared all such obligations to be immediately due and payable and terminated the Revolving Commitments in accordance with this Agreement and such declaration has not been rescinded by the Required Revolving Lenders on or before such date;

(e) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in any First Lien Loan Document (other than those specified in paragraph (a), (b) or (d) of this Section 7.01), and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of thirty (30) days after written notice thereof from the First Lien Administrative Agent to the Borrower;

(f) Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries shall fail to make any payment (whether of principal or interest and regardless of amount) in respect of any Material Indebtedness, when and as the same shall become due and payable (after giving effect to any applicable grace period);

(g) any event or condition occurs that results in any Material Indebtedness becoming due prior to its scheduled maturity or that enables or permits (with all applicable grace periods having expired) the holder or holders of any Material Indebtedness or any trustee or agent on its or their behalf to cause any Material Indebtedness to become due, or to require the prepayment, repurchase, redemption or defeasance thereof, prior to its scheduled maturity, provided that this paragraph (g) shall not apply to (i) secured Indebtedness that becomes due as a result of the sale, transfer or other disposition (including as a result of a casualty or condemnation event) of the property or assets securing such Indebtedness (to the extent such sale, transfer or other disposition is not prohibited under this Agreement) or (ii) termination events or similar events occurring under any Swap Agreement that constitutes Material Indebtedness (it being understood that paragraph (f) of this Section 7.01 will apply to any failure to make any payment required as a result of any such termination or similar event); provided further that a default under any financial covenant in such Material Indebtedness shall not constitute an Event of Default unless and until the lenders or holders with respect to such Material Indebtedness have actually declared all such obligations to be immediately due and payable and terminate the commitments in accordance with the agreement governing such Material Indebtedness and such declaration has not been rescinded by the required lenders with respect to such Material Indebtedness on or before such date;

(h) an involuntary proceeding shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed seeking (i) liquidation, court protection, reorganization or other relief in respect of Holdings, the Borrower or any Material Subsidiary or its debts, or of a material part of its assets, under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law, now or hereafter in effect or (ii) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, examiner, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for Holdings, the Borrower or any Material Subsidiary or for a material part of its assets, and, in any such case, such proceeding or petition shall continue undismissed or unstayed for 60 days or an order or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered;

 

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(i) Holdings, the Borrower or any Material Subsidiary shall (i) voluntarily commence any proceeding or file any petition seeking liquidation, court protection, reorganization or other relief under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law, now or hereafter in effect, (ii) consent to the institution of, or fail to contest in a timely and appropriate manner, any proceeding or petition described in paragraph (h) of this Section 7.01, (iii) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, examiner, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for Holdings, the Borrower or any Material Subsidiary or for a material part of its assets, (iv) file an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any such proceeding or (v) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors;

(j) one or more enforceable judgments for the payment of money in an aggregate amount in excess of $100,000,000 (to the extent not covered by insurance as to which the insurer has been notified of such judgment or order and has not denied coverage) shall be rendered against Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or any combination thereof and the same shall remain undischarged for a period of 60 consecutive days during which execution shall not be effectively stayed, or any judgment creditor shall legally attach or levy upon assets of such Loan Party that are material to the businesses and operations of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to enforce any such judgment;

(k) an ERISA Event occurs that has resulted or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;

(l) any Lien purported to be created under any Security Document shall cease to be, or shall be asserted in writing by any Loan Party not to be, a valid and perfected Lien on any material portion of the Collateral, with the priority required by the applicable Security Documents, except (i) as a result of the sale or other disposition of the applicable Collateral to a Person that is not a Loan Party in a transaction permitted under the First Lien Loan Documents, (ii) as a result of the First Lien Administrative Agent’s failure to (A) maintain possession of any stock certificates, promissory notes or other instruments delivered to it under the Security Documents or (B) file Uniform Commercial Code amendment or continuation financing statements or (iii) as to Collateral consisting of Material Real Property to the extent that such losses are covered by a lender’s title insurance policy and such insurer has not denied coverage or (iv) as a result of acts or omissions of the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender;

(m) any material provision of any First Lien Loan Document or any Guarantee of the First Lien Loan Document Obligations shall for any reason be asserted in writing by any Loan Party not to be a legal, valid and binding obligation of any Loan Party thereto other than as expressly permitted hereunder or thereunder;

(n) any Guarantees of the First Lien Loan Document Obligations by any Loan Party pursuant to the First Lien Guarantee Agreement shall cease to be in full force and effect (in each case, other than in accordance with the terms of the First Lien Loan Documents); or

(o) a Change of Control shall occur;

then, and in every such event, and at any time thereafter during the continuance of such event, the First Lien Administrative Agent may, and at the request of the Required Lenders (or, in the case of an Event of Default under Section 7.01(d)(ii) after giving effect to the proviso, the Required Revolving Lenders (with respect to the Revolving Commitments and the Revolving Loans)) shall, by notice to the Borrower, take any or all of the following actions, at the same or different times: (i) terminate the Commitments, and thereupon the Commitments shall terminate immediately, (ii) declare the Loans then outstanding to be due and payable in whole (or in part, in which case any principal not so declared to be due and payable may thereafter be declared to be due and payable), and (iii) demand the Borrower deposit cash collateral with the First Lien Administrative Agent as contemplated by Section 2.05(j) in the aggregate LC Exposure Amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit and thereupon the principal of the Loans and the LC Exposure of all Letters of Credit so declared to be due and payable, together with accrued interest thereon and all fees and other obligations of the Borrower accrued hereunder, shall become due and payable immediately, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Borrower; and in case of any event with respect to Holdings or the Borrower described in paragraph (h) or (i) of this Section 7.01, the Commitments shall automatically terminate and the principal of the Loans then outstanding, together with accrued interest thereon and all fees and other obligations of the Borrower accrued hereunder, shall automatically become due and payable, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Borrower.

 

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SECTION 7.02 Right to Cure.

(a) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 7.01, in the event that the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries fail to comply with the requirements of the Financial Performance Covenant (if applicable) as of the last day of any applicable fiscal quarter of the Borrower, at any time after the beginning of such fiscal quarter until the expiration of the tenth (10th) Business Day subsequent to the date on which the financial statements with respect to such fiscal quarter (or the fiscal year ended on the last day of such fiscal quarter) are required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or (b), as applicable, Holdings shall have the right to issue Qualified Equity Interests for cash or otherwise receive cash contributions to the capital of Holdings as cash common equity or other Qualified Equity Interests (which Holdings shall contribute through its subsidiaries as cash common equity or other Qualified Equity Interests) (collectively, the “Cure Right”), and upon the receipt by the Borrower of the Net Proceeds of such issuance (the “Cure Amount”) pursuant to the exercise by Holdings of such Cure Right the Financial Performance Covenant shall be recalculated giving effect to one of the following pro forma adjustments:

(i) Consolidated EBITDA shall be increased with respect to such applicable fiscal quarter and any four fiscal quarter period that contains such fiscal quarter, solely for the purpose of measuring the Financial Performance Covenant and not for any other purpose under this Agreement, by an amount equal to the Cure Amount; or

(ii) if, after giving effect to the foregoing pro forma adjustment (without giving effect to any repayment of any Indebtedness with any portion of the Cure Amount or any portion of the Cure Amount on the balance sheet of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries, in each case, with respect to such fiscal quarter only), the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries shall then be in compliance with the contained in the Financial Performance Covenant or the Financial Performance Covenant is not applicable for such fiscal quarter, the Borrower and the Restricted Subsidiaries shall be deemed to have satisfied the requirements of the Financial Performance Covenant as of the relevant date of determination with the same effect as though there had been no failure to comply therewith at such date, and the applicable breach or default of the Financial Performance Covenant that had occurred shall be deemed cured for the purposes of this Agreement;

provided that the Borrower shall have notified the First Lien Administrative Agent of the exercise of such Cure Right within five (5) Business Days of the issuance of the relevant Qualified Equity Interests for cash or the receipt of the cash contributions by Holdings.

(b) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) in each four consecutive fiscal quarter period of the Borrower there shall be at least one (1) fiscal quarter in which the Cure Right is not exercised, (ii) during the term of this Agreement, the Cure Right shall not be exercised more than five (5) times and (iii) for purposes of this Section 7.02, the Cure Amount shall be no greater than the amount required for purposes of complying with the Financial Performance Covenant and any amounts in excess thereof shall not be deemed to be a Cure Amount. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement to the contrary, the Cure Amount received pursuant to any exercise of the Cure Right shall be disregarded for purposes of determining any available basket under Article VI of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, no Cure Amounts shall be applied to reduce the Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a Pro Forma Basis for purposes of determining compliance with the Financial Performance Covenants for the fiscal quarter in which such Cure Right was made and there shall not have been a breach of any covenant under Article VI of this Agreement by reason of having no longer included such Cure Amount in any basket during the relevant period.

 

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SECTION 7.03 Application of Proceeds. Subject to the terms of any applicable Intercreditor Agreement, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall apply the proceeds of any collection or sale of Collateral, including any Collateral consisting of cash, as follows:

FIRST, to the payment of all costs and expenses incurred by the First Lien Collateral Agent in connection with such collection or sale or otherwise in connection with this Agreement, any other First Lien Loan Document or any of the Secured Obligations, including all court costs and the fees and expenses of its agents and legal counsel, the repayment of all advances made by the First Lien Collateral Agent hereunder or under any other First Lien Loan Document on behalf of any Loan Party and any other costs or expenses incurred in connection with the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under any other First Lien Loan Document;

SECOND, to the payment in full of the Secured Obligations (the amounts so applied to be distributed among the Secured Parties pro rata in accordance with the amounts of the Secured Obligations owed to them on the date of any such distribution);

THIRD, to any agent of any other junior secured debt, in accordance with any applicable intercreditor agreement; and

FOURTH, to the Loan Parties, their successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct.

The First Lien Collateral Agent shall have absolute discretion as to the time of application of any such proceeds, moneys or balances in accordance with this Agreement. Upon any sale of Collateral by the First Lien Collateral Agent (including pursuant to a power of sale granted by statute or under a judicial proceeding), the receipt of the First Lien Collateral Agent or of the officer making the sale shall be a sufficient discharge to the purchaser or purchasers of the Collateral so sold and such purchaser or purchasers shall not be obligated to see to the application of any part of the purchase money paid over to the First Lien Collateral Agent or such officer or be answerable in any way for the misapplication thereof. The First Lien Collateral Agent shall have no liability to any of the Secured Parties for actions taken in reliance on information supplied to it as to the amounts of unpaid principal and interest and other amounts outstanding with respect to the Secured Obligations. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Excluded Swap Obligations with respect to any Subsidiary Loan Party shall not be paid with amounts received from such Subsidiary Loan Party or its assets, but appropriate adjustments shall be made with respect to payments from other Loan Parties to preserve the allocation to Secured Obligations otherwise set forth above.

ARTICLE VIII

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT

SECTION 8.01 Appointment and Authority.

(a) Each of the Lenders and the Issuing Bank hereby irrevocably appoints Jefferies to act on its behalf as the First Lien Administrative Agent and First Lien Collateral Agent hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents and authorizes the First Lien Administrative Agent to take such actions on its behalf and to exercise such powers as are delegated to the First Lien Administrative Agent and First Lien Collateral Agent by the terms hereof or thereof, together with such actions and powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. The provisions of this Article are solely for the benefit of the First Lien Administrative Agent and the First Lien Collateral Agent, the Lenders and the Issuing Bank, and the Borrower shall not have rights as a third party beneficiary of any of such provisions.

(b) The First Lien Administrative Agent shall also act as the “First Lien Collateral Agent” under the First Lien Loan Documents, and each of the Lenders and the Issuing Bank hereby irrevocably appoints and authorizes the First Lien Collateral Agent to act as the agent of such Lender and the Issuing Bank for purposes of acquiring, holding and enforcing any and all Liens on Collateral granted by any of the Loan Parties to secure any of the Secured Obligations, together with such powers and discretion as are reasonably incidental thereto. In this connection, the First Lien Collateral Agent and any co-agents, sub-agents and attorneys-in-fact appointed by the First Lien Administrative Agent and First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to Section 8.05 for purposes of holding or enforcing any Lien on the Collateral (or any portion thereof) granted under the Security Documents, or for exercising any rights and remedies thereunder at the direction of the First Lien Administrative Agent, shall be entitled to the benefits of all provisions of this Article VIII and Article IX (including Section 9.03 as though such co-agents, sub-agents and attorneys-in-fact were the “collateral agent” under the First Lien Loan Documents) as if set forth in full herein with respect thereto.

 

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SECTION 8.02 Rights as a Lender.

The Person serving as the First Lien Administrative Agent hereunder shall have the same rights and powers in its capacity as a Lender as any other Lender and may exercise the same as though it were not the First Lien Administrative Agent and the term “Lender” or “Lenders” shall, unless otherwise expressly indicated or unless the context otherwise requires, include the Person serving as the First Lien Administrative Agent hereunder in its individual capacity. Such Person and its Affiliates may accept deposits from, own securities of, lend money to, act as the financial advisor or in any other advisory capacity for and generally engage in any kind of business with the Borrower or any Subsidiary or other Affiliate of the Borrower as if such Person were not the First Lien Administrative Agent hereunder and without any duty to account therefor to the Lenders.

SECTION 8.03 Exculpatory Provisions.

The First Lien Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or obligations except those expressly set forth herein and in the other First Lien Loan Documents. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the First Lien Administrative Agent:

(a) shall not be subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether a Default has occurred and is continuing;

(b) shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly contemplated hereby or by the other First Lien Loan Documents that the First Lien Administrative Agent is required to exercise as directed in writing by the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be expressly provided for herein or in the other First Lien Loan Documents); provided that the First Lien Administrative Agent shall not be required to take any action that, in its opinion or the opinion of its counsel, may expose the First Lien Administrative Agent to liability or that is contrary to any First Lien Loan Document or applicable law;

(c) shall not, except as expressly set forth herein and in the other First Lien Loan Documents, have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to the Borrower or any of their Affiliates that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates in any capacity;

(d) shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it (i) with the consent or at the request of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary, or as the First Lien Administrative Agent shall believe in good faith shall be necessary, under the circumstances as provided in Section 9.02 and in the last paragraph of Section 7.01) or (ii) in the absence of its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and non-appealable judgment; provided that the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Default unless and until written notice describing such Default is given to the First Lien Administrative Agent by the Borrower, a Lender or the Issuing Bank; and

(e) shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (i) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document, (ii) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, (iii) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth herein or therein or the occurrence of any Default, (iv) the validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement, any other First Lien Loan Document or any other agreement, instrument or document, or the creation, perfection or priority of any Lien purported to be created by the Security Documents, (v) the value or the sufficiency of any Collateral, or (vi) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in Article IV or elsewhere herein, other than to confirm receipt of items expressly required to be delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent.

 

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SECTION 8.04 Reliance by First Lien Administrative Agent.

The First Lien Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any liability for relying upon, any notice, request, certificate, consent, statement, instrument, document or other writing (including any electronic message, Internet or intranet website posting or other distribution) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or otherwise authenticated by the proper Person. The First Lien Administrative Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to have been made by the proper Person, and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon. In determining compliance with any condition hereunder to the making of a Loan, or the issuance of a Letter of Credit, that by its terms must be fulfilled to the satisfaction of a Lender or the Issuing Bank, the First Lien Administrative Agent may presume that such condition is satisfactory to such Lender or the Issuing Bank unless the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received notice to the contrary from such Lender or the Issuing Bank prior to the making of such Loan or the issuance of such Letter of Credit. The First Lien Administrative Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be counsel for the Borrower), independent accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or experts.

SECTION 8.05 Delegation of Duties.

The First Lien Administrative Agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers hereunder or under any other First Lien Loan Document by or through any one or more sub-agents (which may include such of the First Lien Administrative Agent’s affiliates or branches as it deems appropriate) appointed by the First Lien Administrative Agent. The First Lien Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers by or through their respective Related Parties. The exculpatory provisions of this Article VIII shall apply to any such sub-agent and to the Related Parties of the First Lien Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities in connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein as well as activities as First Lien Administrative Agent.

SECTION 8.06 Resignation of First Lien Administrative Agent.

Subject to the appointment and acceptance of a successor First Lien Administrative Agent as provided in this paragraph, the First Lien Administrative Agent may resign upon thirty (30) days’ notice to the Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Borrower. Upon receipt of any such notice of resignation, the Required Lenders shall have the right, with the Borrower’s consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) unless a Specified Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, to appoint a successor, which shall be a bank with an office in the United States, or an Affiliate of any such bank with an office in the United States. If no such successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders and shall have accepted such appointment within thirty (30) days after the retiring First Lien Administrative Agent gives notice of its resignation, then such resignation shall nevertheless be effective and the retiring First Lien Administrative Agent may (but shall not be obligated to) on behalf of the Lenders and the Issuing Banks, appoint a successor First Lien Administrative Agent, which shall be an Approved Bank with an office in New York, New York, or an Affiliate of any such Approved Bank (the date upon which the retiring First Lien Administrative Agent is replaced, the “Resignation Effective Date”); provided that if the First Lien Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower and the Lenders that no qualifying Person accepted such appointment, then such resignation shall nonetheless become effective in accordance with such notice.

If the Person serving as First Lien Administrative Agent is a Defaulting Lender, the Required Lenders and Holdings may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, by notice in writing to such Person remove such Person as First Lien Administrative Agent and, with the consent of the Borrower, appoint a successor. If no such successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders and shall have accepted such appointment within thirty (30) days (the “Removal Effective Date”), then such removal shall nonetheless become effective in accordance with such notice on the Removal Effective Date.

With effect from the Resignation Effective Date or the Removal Effective Date (as applicable) (1) the retiring or removed First Lien Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents (except (i) that in the case of any collateral security held by the First Lien Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders under any of the First Lien Loan Documents, the retiring or removed First Lien Administrative Agent shall continue to hold such collateral security until such time as a successor

 

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First Lien Administrative Agent is appointed and (ii) with respect to any outstanding payment obligations) and (2) except for any indemnity payments or other amounts then owed to the retiring or removed First Lien Administrative Agent, all payments, communications and determinations provided to be made by, to or through the First Lien Administrative Agent shall instead be made by or to each Lender directly, until such time, if any, as the Required Lenders appoint a successor First Lien Administrative Agent as provided for above. Upon the acceptance of a successor’s appointment as First Lien Administrative Agent hereunder, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring (or removed) First Lien Administrative Agent (other than any rights to indemnity payments or other amounts owed to the retiring or removed First Lien Administrative Agent as of the Resignation Effective Date or the Removal Effective Date, as applicable), and the retiring or removed First Lien Administrative Agent shall be discharged from all of its duties and obligations hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents as set forth in this Section. The fees payable by the Borrower to a successor First Lien Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Borrower and such successor. After the retiring or removed First Lien Administrative Agent’s resignation or removal hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents, the provisions of this Article and Section 9.04 shall continue in effect for the benefit of such retiring or removed First Lien Administrative Agent, its sub-agents and their respective Related Parties in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while the retiring or removed First Lien Administrative Agent was acting as First Lien Administrative Agent.

SECTION 8.07 Non-Reliance on First Lien Administrative Agent and Other Lenders.

Each Lender and the Issuing Bank acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the First Lien Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement. Each Lender and the Issuing Bank also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the First Lien Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties and based on such documents and information as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, any other First Lien Loan Document or any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder.

Each Lender, by delivering its signature page to this Agreement and funding its Loans on the Effective Date, or delivering its signature page to an Assignment and Assumption, Incremental Facility Amendment or Refinancing Amendment pursuant to which it shall become a Lender hereunder, shall be deemed to have acknowledged receipt of, and consented to and approved, each First Lien Loan Document and each other document required to be delivered to, or be approved by or satisfactory to, the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Lenders on the Effective Date.

No Lender shall have any right individually to realize upon any of the Collateral or to enforce any Guarantee of the Secured Obligations, it being understood and agreed that all powers, rights and remedies under the First Lien Loan Documents may be exercised solely by the First Lien Administrative Agent and First Lien Collateral Agent on behalf of the Lenders in accordance with the terms thereof. In the event of a foreclosure by the First Lien Administrative Agent or First Lien Collateral Agent on any of the Collateral pursuant to a public or private sale or other disposition, the First Lien Administrative Agent, the First Lien Collateral Agent or any Lender may be the purchaser or licensor of any or all of such Collateral at any such sale or other disposition, and the First Lien Administrative Agent or First Lien Collateral Agent, as agent for and representative of the Lenders (but not any Lender or Lenders in its or their respective individual capacities unless Required Lenders shall otherwise agree in writing) shall be entitled, for the purpose of bidding and making settlement or payment of the purchase price for all or any portion of the Collateral sold at any such public sale, to use and apply any of the Secured Obligations as a credit on account of the purchase price for any collateral payable by the First Lien Administrative Agent or First Lien Collateral Agent on behalf of the Lenders at such sale or other disposition. Each Lender, whether or not a party hereto, will be deemed, by its acceptance of the benefits of the Collateral and of the Guarantees of the Secured Obligations, to have agreed to the foregoing provisions.

SECTION 8.08 No Other Duties, Etc.

Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, neither any Joint Lead Arrangers nor any person named on the cover page hereof as a Joint Lead Arranger shall have any powers, duties or responsibilities under this Agreement or any of the other First Lien Loan Documents, except in its capacity, as applicable, as the First Lien Administrative Agent, a Lender or an Issuing Bank hereunder.

 

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SECTION 8.09 First Lien Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim.

In case of the pendency of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law or any other judicial proceeding relative to any Loan Party, the First Lien Administrative Agent (irrespective of whether the principal of any Loan or outstanding Letter of Credit shall then be due and payable as herein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have made any demand on the Borrower) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:

(a) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of the principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Loans, Letter of Credit outstandings and all other Secured Obligations that are owing and unpaid and to file such other documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Lenders, the Issuing Bank and the First Lien Administrative Agent (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Lenders, the Issuing Bank and the First Lien Administrative Agent and their respective agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Lenders, the Issuing Bank and the First Lien Administrative Agent under Sections 2.12 and 9.03) allowed in such judicial proceeding; and

(b) to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Lender and the Issuing Bank to make such payments to the First Lien Administrative Agent and, if the First Lien Administrative Agent shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Lenders and the Issuing Bank, to pay to the First Lien Administrative Agent any amount due for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the First Lien Administrative Agent and its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the First Lien Administrative Agent under Sections 2.12 and 9.03.

Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the First Lien Administrative Agent to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Lender or the Issuing Bank any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Secured Obligations or the rights of any Lender or the Issuing Bank to authorize the First Lien Administrative Agent to vote in respect of the claim of any Lender or the Issuing Bank or in any such proceeding.

SECTION 8.10 No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies; Enforcement.

No failure by any Lender, any Issuing Bank or the First Lien Administrative Agent to exercise, and no delay by any such Person in exercising, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or under any other First Lien Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided, and provided under each other First Lien Loan Document, are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other First Lien Loan Document, the authority to enforce rights and remedies hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents against the Loan Parties or any of them shall be vested exclusively in, and all actions and proceedings at law in connection with such enforcement shall be instituted and maintained exclusively by, the First Lien Administrative Agent in accordance with Article VII for the benefit of all the Lenders and the Issuing Banks; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prohibit (a) the First Lien Administrative Agent from exercising on its own behalf the rights and remedies that inure to its benefit (solely in its capacity as First Lien Administrative Agent) hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents, (b) the Issuing Banks or the Swingline Lender from exercising the rights and remedies that inure to its benefit (solely in its capacity as Issuing Bank or Swingline Lender, as the case may be)

 

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hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents, (c) any Lender from exercising setoff rights in accordance with Section 9.08 (subject to the terms of Section 2.18), or (d) any Lender from filing proofs of claim or appearing and filing pleadings on its own behalf during the pendency of a proceeding relative to any Loan Party under any Debtor Relief Law; and provided further that if at any time there is no Person acting as First Lien Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents, then (i) the Required Lenders shall have the rights otherwise ascribed to the First Lien Administrative Agent pursuant to Article VII and (ii) in addition to the matters set forth in clauses (b), (c) and (d) of the preceding proviso and subject to Section 2.18, any Lender may, with the consent of the Required Lenders, enforce any rights and remedies available to it and as authorized by the Required Lenders.

SECTION 8.11 Certain ERISA Matters.

(a) Each Lender (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Lender party hereto, to, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Lender party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Lender party hereto, for the benefit of, the Administrative Agent, and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, that at least one of the following is and will be true:

(i) such Lender is not using “plan assets” (within the meaning of Section 3(42) of ERISA or otherwise) of one or more Benefit Plans with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments or this Agreement,

(ii) the transaction exemption set forth in one or more PTEs, such as PTE 84-14 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers), PTE 95-60 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company general accounts), PTE 90-1 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company pooled separate accounts), PTE 91-38 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving bank collective investment funds) or PTE 96-23 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by in-house asset managers), is applicable with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement,

(iii) (A) such Lender is an investment fund managed by a “Qualified Professional Asset Manager” (within the meaning of Part VI of PTE 84-14), (B) such Qualified Professional Asset Manager made the investment decision on behalf of such Lender to enter into, participate in, administer and perform the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement, (C) the entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement satisfies the requirements of sub-sections (b) through (g) of Part I of PTE 84- 14 and (D) to the best knowledge of such Lender, the requirements of subsection (a) of Part I of PTE 84-14 are satisfied with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement, or

(iv) such other representation, warranty and covenant as may be agreed in writing between the Administrative Agent, in its sole discretion, and such Lender.

(b) In addition, unless either (1) sub-clause (i) in the immediately preceding clause (a) is true with respect to a Lender or (2) a Lender has provided another representation, warranty and covenant in accordance with sub-clause (iv) in the immediately preceding clause (a), such Lender further (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Lender party hereto, to, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Lender party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Lender party hereto, for the benefit of, the Administrative Agent, and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, that the Administrative Agent is a fiduciary with respect to the assets of such Lender involved in such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement (including in connection with the reservation or exercise of any rights by the Administrative Agent under this Agreement, any First Lien Loan Document or any documents related hereto or thereto).

 

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ARTICLE IX

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 9.01 Notices.

(a) Except in the case of notices and other communications expressly permitted to be given by telephone, all notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed by certified or registered mail or sent by fax or other electronic transmission, as follows:

(i) if to Holdings, the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender, to the address, fax number, e-mail address or telephone number specified for such Person on Schedule 9.01; and

(ii) if to any other Lender, to it at its address (or fax number, telephone number or e-mail address) set forth in its Administrative Questionnaire (including, as appropriate, notices delivered solely to the Person designated by a Lender on its Administrative Questionnaire then in effect for the delivery of notices that may contain Material Non-Public Information relating to the Borrower).

Notices and other communications sent by hand or overnight courier service, or mailed by certified or registered mail, shall be deemed to have been given when received; notices and other communications sent by fax shall be deemed to have been given when sent (except that, if not given during normal business hours for the recipient, shall be deemed to have been given at the opening of business on the next Business Day for the recipient). Notices and other communications delivered through electronic communications to the extent provided in subsection (b) below shall be effective as provided in such subsection (b).

(b) Electronic Communications. Notices and other communications to the Lenders, the Issuing Bank and the Swingline Lender hereunder may be delivered or furnished by electronic communication (including e-mail and Internet or intranet websites) pursuant to procedures reasonably approved by the First Lien Administrative Agent, provided that the foregoing shall not apply to notices to any Lender, the Issuing Bank or Swingline Lender pursuant to Article II if such Lender, the Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender, as applicable, has notified the First Lien Administrative Agent that it is incapable of receiving notices under such Article by electronic communication.

Unless the First Lien Administrative Agent otherwise prescribes, (i) notices and other communications sent to an e-mail address shall be deemed received upon the sender’s receipt of an acknowledgement from the intended recipient (such as by the “return receipt requested” function, as available, return e-mail or other written acknowledgement), provided that if such notice or other communication is not sent during the normal business hours of the recipient, such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been sent at the opening of business on the next Business Day for the recipient, and (ii) notices or communications posted to an Internet or intranet website shall be deemed received upon the deemed receipt by the intended recipient at its e-mail address as described in the foregoing clause (i) of notification that such notice or communication is available and identifying the website address therefor.

(c) The Platform. THE PLATFORM IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE.” THE AGENT PARTIES (AS DEFINED BELOW) DO NOT WARRANT THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE BORROWER MATERIALS OR THE ADEQUACY OF THE PLATFORM, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM LIABILITY FOR ERRORS IN OR OMISSIONS FROM THE BORROWER MATERIALS. NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS OR FREEDOM FROM VIRUSES OR OTHER CODE DEFECTS, IS MADE BY ANY AGENT PARTY IN CONNECTION WITH THE BORROWER MATERIALS OR THE PLATFORM. In no event shall the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of its Related Parties (collectively, the “Agent Parties”) have any liability to Holdings, the Borrower, any Lender, the Issuing Bank or any other Person for losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses of any kind (whether in tort, contract or otherwise) arising out of the Borrower’s or the First Lien Administrative Agent’s transmission of Borrower Materials through the Internet, except to the extent that such losses, claims, damages,

 

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liabilities or expenses are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by a final and non-appealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of such Agent Party; provided, however, that in no event shall any Agent Party have any liability to Holdings, the Borrower, any Lender, the Issuing Bank or any other Person for indirect, special, incidental, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages).

(d) Change of Address, Etc. Each of Holdings, the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Swingline Lender may change its address, electronic mail address, fax or telephone number for notices and other communications or website hereunder by notice to the other parties hereto. Each other Lender may change its address, fax or telephone number for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Swingline Lender. In addition, each Lender agrees to notify the First Lien Administrative Agent from time to time to ensure that the First Lien Administrative Agent has on record (i) an effective address, contact name, telephone number, fax number and electronic mail address to which notices and other communications may be sent and (ii) accurate wire instructions for such Lender.

(e) Reliance by First Lien Administrative Agent, Issuing Bank and Lenders. The First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Lenders shall be entitled to rely and act upon any notices purportedly given by or on behalf of the Borrower even if (i) such notices were not made in a manner specified herein, were incomplete or were not preceded or followed by any other form of notice specified herein, or (ii) the terms thereof, as understood by the recipient, varied from any confirmation thereof. The Borrower shall indemnify the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank, each Lender and the Related Parties from all losses, costs, expenses and liabilities resulting from the reliance by such Person on each notice purportedly given by or on behalf of the Borrower in the absence of gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined in a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction. All telephonic notices to and other telephonic communications with the First Lien Administrative Agent may be recorded by the First Lien Administrative Agent and each of the parties hereto hereby consents to such recording.

SECTION 9.02 Waivers; Amendments.

(a) No failure or delay by the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender in exercising any right or power under this Agreement or any First Lien Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any First Lien Loan Document or consent to any departure by any Loan Party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section 9.02, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan or the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time. No notice or demand on the Borrower or Holdings in any case shall entitle the Borrower or Holdings to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.

(b) Except as provided in Section 2.20 with respect to any Incremental Facility Amendment, Section 2.21 with respect to any Refinancing Amendment or Section 2.24 with respect to any Permitted Amendment, neither this Agreement, any First Lien Loan Document nor any provision hereof or thereof may be waived, amended or modified except, in the case of this Agreement, pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by Holdings, the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent (to the extent that such waiver, amendment or modification does not affect the rights, duties, privileges or obligations of the First Lien Administrative Agent under this Agreement, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall execute such waiver, amendment or other modification to the extent approved by the Required Lenders) and the Required Lenders or, in the case of any other First Lien Loan Document, pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Loan Party or Loan Parties that are parties thereto, in each case with the consent of the Required Lenders; provided that no such agreement shall (i) increase the Commitment of any Lender without the written consent of such Lender

 

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(it being understood that a waiver of any condition precedent set forth in Section 4.02 or the waiver of any Default, Event of Default, mandatory prepayment or mandatory reduction of the Commitments shall not constitute an extension or increase of any Commitment of any Lender), (ii) reduce the principal amount of any Loan or LC Disbursement or reduce the reimbursement obligations of the Borrower for the LC Exposure at such time (it being understood that a waiver of any Default, Event of Default, mandatory prepayment or mandatory reduction of the Commitments shall not constitute a reduction or forgiveness of principal) or reduce the rate of interest thereon, or reduce any fees payable hereunder, without the written consent of each Lender directly and adversely affected thereby (it being understood that any change to the definition of Total Net Leverage Ratio, Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio, Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio or Interest Coverage Ratio or in the component definitions thereof shall not constitute a reduction of interest or fees), provided that only the consent of the Required Lenders shall be necessary to waive any obligation of the Borrower to pay default interest pursuant to Section 2.13(c), (iii) postpone the maturity of any Loan (it being understood that a waiver of any Default, Event of Default, mandatory prepayment or mandatory reduction of the Commitments shall not constitute a reduction or forgiveness of principal or an extension of any maturity date, date of any scheduled amortization payment or date for payment of interest or fees), or the date of any scheduled amortization payment of the principal amount of any Term Loan under Section 2.10 or the applicable Refinancing Amendment, or the reimbursement date with respect to any LC Disbursement, or any date for the payment of any interest or fees payable hereunder, or reduce the amount of, waive or excuse any such payment, or postpone the scheduled date of expiration of any Commitment (it being understood that a waiver of any Default or Event of Default shall not constitute an extension of any maturity date, date of any scheduled amortization payment or date for payment of interest or fees) without the written consent of each Lender directly and adversely affected thereby, (iv) change any of the provisions of Sections 2.18(a), Section 2.18 (b), Section 2.18(c), Section 7.03 or this Section 9.02 without the written consent of each Lender directly and adversely affected thereby; provided that any such change which is in favor of a Class of Lenders holding Loans maturing after the maturity of other Classes of Lenders (and only takes effect after the maturity of such other Classes of Loans or Commitments) will require the written consent of the Required Lenders with respect to each Class directly and adversely affected thereby, (v) change the percentage set forth in the definition of “Required Lenders”, “Required Revolving Lenders” or any other provision of any First Lien Loan Document specifying the number or percentage of Lenders (or Lenders of any Class) required to waive, amend or modify any rights thereunder or make any determination or grant any consent thereunder, without the written consent of each Lender (or each Lender of such Class, as the case may be), (vi) release all or substantially all the value of the Guarantees under the First Lien Guarantee Agreement (except as expressly provided in the First Lien Loan Documents) without the written consent of each Lender (other than a Defaulting Lender or a Net Short Lender), or (vii) release all or substantially all the Collateral from the Liens of the Security Documents, without the written consent of each Lender (other than a Defaulting Lender or a Net Short Lender), except as expressly provided in the First Lien Loan Documents; provided further that (A) no such agreement shall amend, modify or otherwise affect the rights or duties of the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender without the prior written consent of the First Lien Administrative Agent, such Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender, as the case may be, (B) any provision of this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document may be amended by an agreement in writing entered into by Holdings, the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent to cure any ambiguity, omission, mistake, defect, incorrect cross-reference, inconsistency, obvious error or technical or immaterial errors (as reasonably determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower) and (C) any waiver, amendment or modification of this Agreement that by its terms affects the rights or duties under this Agreement of Lenders holding Loans or Commitments of a particular Class (but not the Lenders holding Loans or Commitments of any other Class) may be effected by an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by Holdings, Intermediate Parent, the Borrower and the requisite percentage in interest of the affected Class of Lenders stating that would be required to consent thereto under this Section 9.02 if such Class of Lenders were the only Class of Lenders hereunder at the time.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) this Agreement may be amended (or amended and restated) with the written consent of the Required Lenders, the First Lien Administrative Agent, Holdings and the Borrower (i) to add one or more additional credit facilities to this Agreement and to permit the extensions of credit from time to time outstanding thereunder and the accrued interest and fees in respect thereof to share ratably in the benefits of this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents and (ii) to include appropriately the Lenders holding such credit facilities in any determination of the Required Lenders on substantially the same basis as the Lenders prior to such inclusion and (b) guarantees, collateral security documents (including Mortgages) and related documents in connection with this Agreement may be in a form reasonably determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent and may be, together with this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents, amended and waived with the consent of the First Lien Administrative Agent at the request of the Borrower without the need to obtain the consent of any other Lender if such

 

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amendment or waiver is delivered in order (i) to comply with local law or advice of local counsel, (ii) to cure ambiguities, defects, omissions, inconsistencies or to make related modifications to provisions of other Loan Documents, (iii) to cause any guarantee, collateral security document (including Mortgages) or other document to be consistent with this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents, (iv) to give effect to the provisions of Section 2.14(b) or (v) to integrate any First Lien Incremental Facility or Credit Agreement Refinancing Indebtedness in a manner consistent with this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents.

(c) In connection with any proposed amendment, modification, waiver or termination (a “Proposed Change”) requiring the consent of all Lenders or all directly and adversely affected Lenders, if the consent of the Required Lenders (and, to the extent any Proposed Change requires the consent of Lenders holding Loans of any Class pursuant to clause (iv) of paragraph (b) of this Section 9.02, the consent of a Majority in Interest of the outstanding Loans and unused Commitments of such Class) to such Proposed Change is obtained, but the consent to such Proposed Change of other Lenders whose consent is required is not obtained (any such Lender whose consent is not obtained as described in paragraph (b) of this Section 9.02 being referred to as a “Non-Consenting Lender”), then, so long as the Lender that is acting as First Lien Administrative Agent is not a Non-Consenting Lender, the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Non-Consenting Lender and the First Lien Administrative Agent, either (i) if exists, permanently prepay all of the Loans of any Class owing by it to, and terminating any Commitments of such Non-Consenting Lender or (ii) require such Non-Consenting Lender to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in Section 9.04), all its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement to an Eligible Assignee that shall assume such obligations (which Eligible Assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment), provided that (a) the Borrower shall have received the prior written consent of the First Lien Administrative Agent to the extent such consent would be required under Section 9.04(b) for an assignment of Loans or Commitments, as applicable (and, if a Revolving Commitment is being assigned, each Issuing Bank and Swingline Lender), which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld, (b) such Non-Consenting Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to the outstanding par principal amount of its Loans and participations in LC Disbursements and Swingline Loans, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder (including pursuant to Section 2.11(a)(i)) from the Eligible Assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower (in the case of all other amounts) and (c) unless waived, the Borrower or such Eligible Assignee shall have paid to the First Lien Administrative Agent the processing and recordation fee specified in Section 9.04(b). Each party hereto agrees that an assignment required pursuant to this Section 9.02(c) may be effected pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption executed by the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent and the assignee and that the Non-Consenting Lender required to make such assignment need not be a party thereto, and each Lender hereby authorizes and directs the First Lien Administrative Agent to execute and deliver such documentation as may be required to give effect to an assignment in accordance with Section 9.04 on behalf of a Non-Consenting Lender and any such documentation so executed by the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be effective for purposes of documenting an assignment pursuant to Section 9.04.

(d) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the other First Lien Loan Documents to the contrary, (i) the Revolving Commitments, Term Loans and Revolving Exposure of any Lender that is at the time a Defaulting Lender shall not have any voting or approval rights under the First Lien Loan Documents and shall be excluded in determining whether all Lenders (or all Lenders of a Class), all affected Lenders (or all affected Lenders of a Class), a Majority in Interest of Lenders of any Class or the Required Lenders have taken or may take any action hereunder (including any consent to any amendment or waiver pursuant to this Section 9.02); provided that (x) the Commitment of any Defaulting Lender may not be increased or extended without the consent of such Lender and (y) any waiver, amendment or modification requiring the consent of all Lenders or each affected Lender that affects any Defaulting Lender more adversely than other affected Lenders shall require the consent of such Defaulting Lender, (ii) no Disqualified Lender shall have any right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver or consent hereunder or under any of the First Lien Loan Documents, and (iii) no Net Short Lender shall have any right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver or consent hereunder or under any of the First Lien Loan Documents and instead shall be deemed to have voted its interest as a Lender as provided in Section 9.02(h) (for the avoidance of doubt, other than a Net Short Lender that is also a Disqualified Lender, which shall be subject to the preceding clause (ii)).

(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the other First Lien Loan Documents to the contrary, each Affiliated Lender (other than an Affiliated Debt Fund) hereby agrees that, for purposes of any plan of reorganization, such Affiliated Lender will be deemed to have voted in the same proportion as non-Affiliated Lenders voting on such matter; provided that such Affiliated Lender shall be entitled to vote in accordance with its sole

 

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discretion in connection with any plan of reorganization (a) to the extent (a) any such plan of reorganization proposes to treat any Secured Obligations held by such Affiliated Lender in a manner that is less favorable in any material respect to such Affiliated Lender than the proposed treatment of similar Secured Obligations held by Lenders that are not Affiliates of the Borrower, (b) that would deprive such Affiliated Lender of its pro rata share of any payments to which it is entitled or (c) if such plan of reorganization does not require the consent of each Lender or each affected Lender.

(f) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the other First Lien Loan Documents to the contrary, only the consent of the Required Revolving Lenders shall be necessary to (1) waive or consent to a waiver of an Event of Default under Section 7.01(d)(ii) or waive or amend the conditions set forth in Section 4.02 (and Section 4.02 may not be waived or amended in a manner that affects the making of any Revolving Borrowing without the consent of the Required Revolving Lenders), (2) modify or amend Section 6.11 (and Section 6.11 may not be modified or amended without the consent of the Required Revolving Lenders) or Section 7.02 (including, in each case, the related definitions, solely to the extent such definitions are used in such Sections (but not otherwise)) or this sentence, (3) increase or decrease the rate of interest or any fees payable with respect to the Revolving Commitments and the Revolving Loans or (4) amend any other provision of this Agreement in a manner that (x) is no less favorable to the Lenders than such provision prior to such amendment, (y) does not directly and adversely affect any Class of Lenders in any material respect as compared to any other Class of Lenders, and (z) does not require the consent of all Lenders or all directly and adversely affected Lenders.

(g) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the other First Lien Loan Documents to the contrary, any modifications and amendments permitted to be made to this Agreement pursuant to the Fee Letter at the election of the Majority Lenders (as defined in the Fee Letter) shall be deemed to have been incorporated into this Agreement for all purposes, and the Loan Parties shall execute any agreements reasonably requested by the Majority Lenders to confirm the incorporation of such modifications and amendments.

(h) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the other First Lien Loan Documents to the contrary, in connection with any determination as to whether the requisite Lenders have (A) consented (or not consented) to any amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document or any departure by any Loan Party therefrom, (B) otherwise acted on any matter related to any First Lien Loan Document, or (C) directed or required the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender to undertake any action (or refrain from taking any action) with respect to or under any First Lien Loan Document, any Lender (other than (x) any Lender that is a Regulated Bank and (y) any Revolving Lender as of the Effective Date) that, as a result of its interest in any total return swap, total rate of return swap, credit default swap or other derivative contract (other than any such total return swap, total rate of return swap, credit default swap or other derivative contract entered into pursuant to bona fide market making activities), has a net short position with respect to the Loans and/or Commitments (each, a “Net Short Lender”) shall have no right to vote any of its Loans and Commitments and shall be deemed to have voted its interest as a Lender without discretion in the same proportion as the allocation of voting with respect to such matter by Lenders who are not Net Short Lenders. For purposes of determining whether a Lender has a “net short position” on any date of determination: (i) derivative contracts with respect to the Loans and Commitments and such contracts that are the functional equivalent thereof shall be counted at the notional amount thereof in dollars, (ii) notional amounts in other currencies shall be converted to the U.S. Dollar equivalent thereof by such Lender in a commercially reasonable manner consistent with generally accepted financial practices and based on the prevailing conversion rate (determined on a mid-market basis) on the date of determination, (iii) derivative contracts in respect of an index that includes any of the Borrower or other Loan Parties or any instrument issued or guaranteed by any of the Borrower or other Loan Parties shall not be deemed to create a short position with respect to the Loans and/or Commitments, so long as (x) such index is not created, designed, administered or requested by such Lender or its Affiliates and (y) the Borrower and other Loan Parties and any instrument issued or guaranteed by any of the Borrower or other Loan Parties, collectively, shall represent less than 5% of the components of such index, (iv) derivative transactions that are documented using either the 2014 ISDA Credit Derivatives Definitions or the 2003 ISDA Credit Derivatives Definitions (collectively, the “ISDA CDS Definitions”) shall be deemed to create a short position with respect to the Loans and/or Commitments if such Lender is a protection buyer or the equivalent thereof for such derivative transaction and (x) the Loans or the Commitments are a “Reference Obligation” under the terms of such derivative transaction (whether specified by name in the related documentation, included as a “Standard Reference Obligation” on the most recent list published by Markit, if “Standard Reference Obligation” is specified as applicable in the relevant documentation or in any other manner), (y) the Loans or the Commitments would be a “Deliverable

 

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Obligation” under the terms of such derivative transaction or (z) any of the Borrower or other Loan Parties (or its successor) is designated as a “Reference Entity” under the terms of such derivative transactions, and (v) credit derivative transactions or other derivatives transactions not documented using the ISDA CDS Definitions shall be deemed to create a short position with respect to the Loans and/or Commitments if such transactions are functionally equivalent to a transaction that offers the Lender or its Affiliates protection in respect of the Loans or the Commitments, or as to the credit quality of the Borrower or other Loan Parties other than, in each case, as part of an index so long as (x) such index is not created, designed, administered or requested by such Lender and (y) the Borrower and other Loan Parties and any instrument issued or guaranteed by any of the Borrower or other Loan Parties, collectively, shall represent less than 5% of the components of such index. In connection with any such determination, each Lender shall promptly notify the First Lien Administrative Agent in writing that it is a Net Short Lender, or shall otherwise be deemed to have represented and warranted to the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent that it is not a Net Short Lender (it being understood and agreed that the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely on each such representation and deemed representation).

SECTION 9.03 Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver.

(a) The Borrower shall pay, if the Effective Date occurs and the Transactions have been consummated, (i) all reasonable and documented or invoiced out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, each Issuing Bank, the Swingline Lender and their respective Affiliates (without duplication), limited, in the case of (x) legal fees and expenses to the reasonable, documented and invoiced fees, charges and disbursements of one primary counsel (which shall be Milbank LLP for any and all of the foregoing in connection with the Transactions and other matters, including the primary syndication, to occur on or prior to or otherwise in connection with the Effective Date) and to the extent reasonably determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent to be necessary, one local counsel in each relevant material jurisdiction (which may include a single local counsel acting in multiple jurisdictions) and, in the case of an actual conflict of interest where the First Lien Administrative Agent, each Issuing Bank or any Lender affected by such conflict notifies the Borrower of the existence of such conflict and thereafter retains its own counsel, one additional conflicts counsel for the affected Indemnitees similarly situated and (y) the fees and expenses of any other advisor or consultant, to the reasonable and documented and invoiced fees, charges and disbursements of such advisor or consultant, but solely to the extent that such consultant or advisor has been retained with the Borrower’s consent in writing (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed)), in each case for the First Lien Administrative Agent, in connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein, and the preparation, execution, delivery and administration of the First Lien Loan Documents or any amendments, modifications or waivers of the provisions thereof, (ii) all reasonable, documented and invoiced out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by each Issuing Bank in connection with the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit or any demand for payment thereunder and (iii) all reasonable and documented and invoiced out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the First Lien Administrative Agent, each Issuing Bank or any Lender, including the fees, charges and disbursements of counsel for the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders (without duplication) (limited, in the case of (x) legal fees and expenses, to the reasonable, documented and invoiced fees, charges and disbursements of one primary counsel and to the extent reasonably determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent to be necessary, one local counsel in each relevant material jurisdiction (which may include a single local counsel acting in multiple jurisdictions) and, in the case of an actual conflict of interest where the Indemnitee affected by such conflict notifies the Borrower of the existence of such conflict and thereafter retains its own counsel, one additional conflicts counsel for the affected Indemnitees similarly situated and (y) the fees and expenses of any other advisor or consultant, to the reasonable, documented and invoiced fees, charges and disbursements of such advisor or consultant, but solely to the extent that such consultant or advisor has been retained with the Borrower’s written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed), in connection with the enforcement or protection of any rights or remedies (A) in connection with the First Lien Loan Documents (including all such costs and expenses incurred during any legal proceeding, including any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Laws), including its rights under this Section 9.03 or (B) in connection with the Loans made or Letters of Credit issued hereunder, including all such out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred during any workout, restructuring or negotiations in respect of such Loans or Letters of Credit.

(b) Without duplication of the expense reimbursement obligations pursuant to clause (a) above, the Borrower shall indemnify the First Lien Administrative Agent, each Issuing Bank, each Lender, the Joint Lead Arrangers and each Related Party (other than Excluded Affiliates to the extent acting in their capacities as such) of any of the foregoing Persons (each such Person being called an “Indemnitee”) against, and hold each Indemnitee

 

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harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and reasonable and documented and invoiced out-of-pocket fees and expenses (limited, in the case of (x) legal fees and expenses, to the reasonable, documented and invoiced fees, charges and disbursements of one counsel for all Indemnitees and to the extent reasonably determined by the First Lien Administrative Agent to be necessary, one local counsel in each relevant material jurisdiction (which may include a single local counsel acting in multiple jurisdictions) and, in the case of an actual conflict of interest, where the Indemnitee affected by such conflict notifies Holdings of the existence of such conflict and thereafter retains its own counsel, one additional conflicts counsel for the affected Indemnitees similarly situated and (y) the fees and expenses of any other advisor or consultant, to the reasonable and documented and invoiced fees, charges and disbursements of such advisor or consultant, but solely to the extent that such consultant or advisor has been retained with the Borrower’s consent in writing (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed)), incurred by or asserted against any Indemnitee by any third party or by the Borrower, Holdings or any Subsidiary to the extent arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of (i) the execution or delivery of this Agreement, any First Lien Loan Document or any other agreement or instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, the performance by the parties to the First Lien Loan Documents of their respective obligations thereunder or the consummation of the Transactions or any other transactions contemplated thereby, the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein, (ii) any Loan or Letter of Credit or the use of the proceeds therefrom (including any refusal by the Issuing Bank to honor a demand for payment under a Letter of Credit if the documents presented in connection with such demand do not strictly comply with the terms of such Letter of Credit), (iii) to the extent in any way arising from or relating to any of the foregoing, any Release or threatened Release of Hazardous Materials on, at, to or from any Mortgaged Property or any other real property owned or operated by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or any other Environmental Liability related in any way to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or (iv) any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether based on contract, tort or any other theory, whether brought by a third party or by the Borrower, Holdings or any Subsidiary or their Affiliates and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities, costs or related expenses (w) resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee or its Related Parties (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment), (x) resulted from a material breach of the First Lien Loan Documents by such Indemnitee or its Related Parties (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment), (y) arise from disputes between or among Indemnitees (other than disputes involving claims against the First Lien Administrative Agent, the First Lien Collateral Agent or the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Swingline Lender or any Issuing Bank, in each case, in their respective capacities) that do not involve an act or omission by Holdings, the Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary or (z) resulted from any settlement effected without the Borrower’s prior written consent; provided, that to the extent any amounts paid to an Indemnitee in respect of this Section 9.03, such Indemnitee, by its acceptance of the benefits hereof, agrees to refund and return any and all amounts paid by the Borrower to it if, pursuant to the operation of the foregoing clauses (w) through (z), such Indemnitee was not entitled to receipt of such amount. This Section 9.03(b) shall not apply with respect to Taxes other than any Taxes that represent losses, claims, damages, etc. arising from any non-Tax claim.

(c) To the extent that the Borrower fails to pay any amount required to be paid by it to the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank under paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 9.03, each Lender severally agrees to pay to the First Lien Administrative Agent, such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, such Lender’s pro rata share (determined as of the time that the applicable unreimbursed expense or indemnity payment is sought) of such unpaid amount; provided that the unreimbursed expense or indemnified loss, claim, damage, liability or related expense, as the case may be, was incurred by or asserted against the First Lien Administrative Agent, such Lender or such Issuing Bank in its capacity as such. For purposes hereof, a Lender’s “pro rata share” shall be determined based upon its share of the aggregate Revolving Exposures, outstanding Term Loans and unused Commitments at such time. The obligations of the Lenders under this paragraph (c) are subject to the last sentence of Section 2.02(a) (which shall apply mutatis mutandis to the Lenders’ obligations under this paragraph (c)).

(d) To the extent permitted by applicable law, no party hereto nor any Affiliate of any party hereto, nor any officer, director, employee, agent, controlling person, advisor or other representative of the foregoing or any successor or permitted assign of any of the foregoing shall assert, and each hereby waives, any claim against any other such Person on any theory of liability for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages, but in any event including, without limitation, any lost profits, business or anticipated savings) (whether or not the claim therefor is based on contract, tort or duty imposed by any applicable legal

 

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requirement) arising out of, in connection with, arising out of, as a result of, or in any way related to, this Agreement or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby or referred to herein, the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or any act or omission or event occurring in connection therewith and each such Person further agrees not to sue upon any such claim or any such damages, whether or not accrued and whether or not known or suspected to exist in its favor; provided that the foregoing shall in no event limit the Borrower’s indemnification obligations under clause (b) above.

(e) In case any proceeding is instituted involving any Indemnitee for which indemnification is to be sought hereunder by such Indemnitee, then such Indemnitee will promptly notify the Borrower of the commencement of any proceeding; provided, however, that the failure to do so will not relieve the Borrower from any liability that it may have to such Indemnitee hereunder, except to the extent that the Borrower is materially prejudiced by such failure. Notwithstanding the above, following such notification, the Borrower may elect in writing to assume the defense of such proceeding, and, upon such election, the Borrower will not be liable for any legal costs subsequently incurred by such Indemnitee (other than reasonable costs of investigation and providing evidence) in connection therewith, unless (i) the Borrower has failed to provide counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnitee in a timely manner, (ii) counsel provided by the Borrower reasonably determines its representation of such Indemnitee would present it with a conflict of interest or (iii) the Indemnitee reasonably determines that there are actual conflicts of interest between the Borrower and the Indemnitee, including situations in which there may be legal defenses available to the Indemnitee which are different from or in addition to those available to the Borrower.

(f) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, to the extent permitted by applicable law, no party hereto nor any Indemnitee shall assert, and each hereby waives, any claim against any Indemnitee for any direct or actual damages arising from the use by unintended recipients of information or other materials distributed to such unintended recipients by such Indemnitee through telecommunications, electronic or other information transmission systems (including the Internet) in connection with this Agreement or the other First Lien Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby; except to the extent that such direct or actual damages are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final, non-appealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of, or a material breach of the First Lien Loan Documents by, such Indemnitee or its Related Parties.

(g) All amounts due under this Section 9.03 shall be payable not later than ten (10) Business Days after written demand therefor; provided, however, that any Indemnitee shall promptly refund an indemnification payment received hereunder to the extent that there is a final judicial determination that such Indemnitee was not entitled to indemnification with respect to such payment pursuant to this Section 9.03.

SECTION 9.04 Successors and Assigns.

(a) The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby (including any Affiliate of the Issuing Bank that issues any Letter of Credit), except that (i) the Borrower may not assign or otherwise transfer any of their rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Lender, each Issuing Bank and the acknowledgement of the First Lien Administrative Agent (and any attempted assignment or transfer by the Borrower without such consent shall be null and void), (ii) no assignment shall be made to any Defaulting Lender or any of its Subsidiaries, or any Persons who, upon becoming a Lender hereunder, would constitute any of the foregoing Persons described in this clause (ii) and (iii) no Lender may assign or otherwise transfer its rights or obligations hereunder except in accordance with this Section 9.04. Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, shall be construed to confer upon any Person (other than the parties hereto, their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby (including any Affiliate of the Issuing Bank that issues any Letter of Credit), Participants (to the extent provided in paragraph (c) of this Section 9.04), the Indemnitees and, to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, the Related Parties of each of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Lenders) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement.

(b) (i) Subject to the conditions set forth in paragraphs (b)(ii) and (f) below, any Lender may assign to one or more Eligible Assignees all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and the Loans at the time owing to it) with the prior written consent (such consent (except with respect to assignments to competitors (as described in the definition of “Disqualified Lenders”) of the

 

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Borrower) not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) of (A) the Borrower; provided that no consent of the Borrower shall be required for an assignment (w) by any Joint Lead Arranger (or its Affiliate) to the extent that an assignment by such Joint Lead Arranger (or such Affiliate) is made in the primary syndication to Eligible Assignees to whom the Borrower has consented or to any other Joint Lead Arranger (or its Affiliate), (x) by a Term Lender to any Lender, an Affiliate of any Lender or an Approved Fund, (y) if a Specified Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (other than with respect to any assignment to a Disqualified Lender) or (z) by a Revolving Lender to another Revolving Lender, an Affiliate of a Revolving Lender or an Approved Fund; provided further that no assignee contemplated by the immediately preceding proviso shall be entitled to receive any greater payment under Section 2.15 or Section 2.17 than the applicable assignor would have been entitled to receive with respect to the assignment made to such assignee, unless the assignment to such assignee is made with the Borrower’s prior written consent; provided further that the Borrower shall have the right to withhold its consent to any assignment if in order for such assignment to comply with applicable law, the Borrower would be required to obtain the consent of, or make any filing or registration with, any Governmental Authority, (B) the First Lien Administrative Agent; provided that no consent of the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be required for an assignment of a Term Loan or assignments pursuant to the proviso in clause (z) of Section 9.04(b)(i)(A) to (x) a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund or (y) subject to Section 9.04(f) and (g), an Affiliated Lender, Holdings, the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries and (C) solely in the case of Revolving Loans and Revolving Commitments, each Issuing Bank and the Swingline Lender (not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed); provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, no consent of any Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender shall be required for an assignment of all or any portion of a Term Loan or Term Commitment. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 9.04 to the contrary, if the Borrower has not given the First Lien Administrative Agent written notice of its objection to an assignment of Term Loans within ten (10) Business Days after written notice of such assignment, the Borrower shall be deemed to have consented to such assignment.

(ii) Assignments shall be subject to the following additional conditions: (A) except in the case of an assignment to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund or an assignment of the entire remaining amount of the assigning Lender’s Commitment or Loans of any Class, the amount of the Commitment or Loans of the assigning Lender subject to each such assignment (determined as of the trade date specified in the Assignment and Assumption with respect to such assignment or, if no trade date is so specified, as of the date the Assignment and Assumption with respect to such assignment is delivered to the First Lien Administrative Agent) shall, in the case of Revolving Loans, not be less than $2,500,000 (and integral multiples thereof) or, in the case of a Term Loan, $1,000,000 (and integral multiples thereof), unless the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent otherwise consent (in each case, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed); provided that no such consent of the Borrower shall be required if a Specified Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, (B) each partial assignment shall be made as an assignment of a proportionate part of all the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement; provided that this clause (B) shall not be construed to prohibit assignment of a proportionate part of all the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations in respect of one Class of Commitments or Loans, (C) the parties to each assignment shall execute and deliver to the First Lien Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption via an electronic settlement system acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent or, if previously agreed with the First Lien Administrative Agent, manually execute and deliver to the First Lien Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption, and, in each case, together with a processing and recordation fee of $3,500; provided that the First Lien Administrative Agent, in its sole discretion, may elect to waive or reduce such processing and recordation fee; provided further, that such processing and recordation fee shall not be payable in the case of assignments by any Agent or any Lender to any of its Affiliates; provided further that any such Assignment and Assumption shall include a representation by the assignee that the assignee is not a Disqualified Lender or an Affiliate of a Disqualified Lender; provided further that assignments made pursuant to Section 2.19(b) or Section 9.02(c) shall not require the signature of the assigning Lender to become effective, (D) the assignee, if it shall not be a Lender, shall deliver to the First Lien Administrative Agent any tax forms required by Section 2.17(f) and an Administrative Questionnaire in which the assignee designates one or more credit contacts to whom all syndicate-level information (which may contain Material Non-Public Information about the Borrower, the Loan Parties and their Related Parties or their respective securities) will be made available and who may receive such information in accordance with the assignee’s compliance procedures and applicable laws, including Federal and state securities laws and (E) unless the Borrower otherwise consents, no assignment of all or any portion of the Revolving Commitment of a Lender that is also the Swingline Lender or an Issuing Bank may be made unless (1) the assignee shall be or become a Swingline Lender and/or an Issuing Bank, as applicable, and assume a ratable portion of the rights and obligations of such assignor in its capacity as Swingline Lender and Issuing Bank, or (2) the assignor agrees, in its discretion, to retain all of its rights with respect to and obligations to make or issue Swingline Loans and Letters of Credit, as applicable, hereunder in which case the

 

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Applicable Fronting Exposure of such assignor may exceed such assignor’s Revolving Commitment for purposes of Sections 2.04(a) and 2.05(b) by an amount not to exceed the difference between the assignor’s Revolving Commitment prior to such assignment and the assignor’s Revolving Commitment following such assignment; provided that no such consent of the Borrower shall be required if a Specified Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

(iii) Subject to acceptance and recording thereof pursuant to paragraph (b)(v) of this Section 9.04, from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption, the assignee thereunder shall be a party hereto and, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption covering all of the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of (and subject to the obligations and limitations of) Sections 2.15, 2.16, 2.17 and 9.03 and to any fees payable hereunder that have accrued for such Lender’s account but have not yet been paid). Any assignment or transfer by a Lender of rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this Section 9.04 shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with paragraph (c)(i) of this Section 9.04.

(iv) The First Lien Administrative Agent, acting for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, shall maintain at one of its offices in the United States a copy of each Assignment and Assumption delivered to it and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, and the Commitment of, and principal and interest amounts of the Loans and LC Disbursements owing to, each Lender pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “Register”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the First Lien Administrative Agent be obligated to ascertain, monitor or inquire as to whether any Lender is an Affiliated Lender, nor shall the First Lien Administrative Agent be obligated to monitor the aggregate amount of the Loans or Incremental Loans held by Affiliated Lenders. The entries in the Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and Holdings, the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Lender hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding notice to the contrary. In addition, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall maintain on the Register information regarding the designation, and revocation of designation, of any Lender as a Defaulting Lender. The Register shall be available for inspection by the Borrower, the Issuing Banks and any Lender, at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.

(v) Upon its receipt of a duly completed Assignment and Assumption executed by an assigning Lender and an assignee, the assignee’s completed Administrative Questionnaire and any tax forms required by Section 2.17(f) (unless the assignee shall already be a Lender hereunder), the processing and recordation fee referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section 9.04 and any written consent to such assignment required by paragraph (b) of this Section 9.04, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall accept such Assignment and Assumption and record the information contained therein in the Register. No assignment shall be effective for purposes of this Agreement unless it has been recorded in the Register as provided in this paragraph.

(vi) The words “execution,” “signed,” “signature” and words of like import in any Assignment and Assumption shall be deemed to include electronic signatures or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act or any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.

(c) (i) Any Lender may, without the consent of the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks or the Swingline Lender, sell participations to one or more banks or other Persons (other than to a Person that is not an Eligible Assignee) (a “Participant”) in all or a portion of such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and the Loans owing to it); provided that (A) such Lender’s obligations under this Agreement shall remain unchanged, (B) such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations and (C) Holdings, the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the other Lenders shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement. Any agreement or

 

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instrument pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and any other First Lien Loan Documents and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement and any other First Lien Loan Documents; provided that such agreement or instrument may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, modification or waiver described in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (vi) and (vii) of the first proviso to Section 9.02(b) that directly and adversely affects such Participant. Subject to paragraph (c)(iii) of this Section, the Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.15, 2.16 and 2.17 (subject to the obligations and limitations thereof and Section 2.19, it being understood that any tax forms required by Section 2.17(f) shall be provided solely to the participating Lender) to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section 9.04. To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 9.08 as though it were a Lender; provided that such Participant agrees to be subject to Section 2.18(c) as though it were a Lender.

(ii) Each Lender that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and related interest amounts) of each participant’s interest in the Loans or other obligations under this Agreement (the “Participant Register”). The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive, absent manifest error, and the parties hereto shall treat each person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary. No Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of its Participant Register to any Person (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in any Commitments, Loans or other obligations under the First Lien Loan Documents) except to the extent that the relevant parties, acting reasonably and in good faith, determine that such disclosure is necessary in connection with a Tax audit or other proceeding to establish that any Loan or other obligation under the First Lien Loan Documents is in registered form for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

(iii) A Participant (other than a Revolving Lender pursuant to Section 2.05(e)) shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Section 2.15, 2.16 or 2.17 than the applicable Lender would have been entitled to receive with respect to the participation sold to such Participant, unless the sale of the participation to such Participant is made with the Borrower’s prior written consent.

(d) Any Lender may, without the consent of the Borrower or the First Lien Administrative Agent, at any time pledge or assign a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement to secure obligations of such Lender, including any pledge or assignment to secure obligations to a Federal Reserve Bank or other “central” bank, and this Section 9.04 shall not apply to any such pledge or assignment of a security interest, provided that no such pledge or assignment of a security interest shall release a Lender from any of its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee or assignee for such Lender as a party hereto.

(e) In connection with any assignment of rights and obligations of any Defaulting Lender hereunder, no such assignment shall be effective unless and until, in addition to the other conditions thereto set forth herein, the parties to the assignment shall make such additional payments to the First Lien Administrative Agent in an aggregate amount sufficient, upon distribution thereof as appropriate (which may be outright payment, purchases by the assignee of participations or subparticipations, or other compensating actions, including funding, with the consent of the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent, the applicable pro rata share of Loans previously requested but not funded by the Defaulting Lender, to each of which the applicable assignee and assignor hereby irrevocably consent), to (x) pay and satisfy in full all payment liabilities then owed by such Defaulting Lender to the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender hereunder (and interest accrued thereon) and (y) acquire (and fund as appropriate) its full pro rata share of all Loans and participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans in accordance with its Applicable Percentage. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that any assignment of rights and obligations of any Defaulting Lender hereunder shall become effective under applicable law without compliance with the provisions of this paragraph, then the assignee of such interest shall be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender for all purposes of this Agreement until such compliance occurs.

 

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(f) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, any Lender may, at any time, assign all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement to an Affiliated Lender subject to the following limitations:

(i) Affiliated Lenders (other than Affiliated Debt Funds) will not receive information provided solely to Lenders by the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender and will not be permitted to attend or participate in meetings attended solely by the Lenders and the First Lien Administrative Agent, other than the right to receives notices of Borrowings, notices of prepayments and other administrative notices in respect of its Loans or Commitments required to be delivered to Lenders pursuant to Article II;

(ii) for purposes of any amendment, waiver or modification of any First Lien Loan Document (including such modifications pursuant to Section 9.02), or, subject to Section 9.02(e), any plan of reorganization pursuant to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, that in either case does not require the consent of each Lender or each affected Lender or does not adversely affect such Affiliated Lender in any material respect as compared to other Lenders, or that would not deprive such Affiliated Lender of its pro rata share of any payments to which it is entitled, Affiliated Lenders will be deemed to have voted in the same proportion as the Lenders that are not Affiliated Lenders voting on such matter; and each Affiliated Lender hereby acknowledges, agrees and consents that if, for any reason, its vote to accept or reject any plan pursuant to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code is not deemed to have been so voted, then such vote will be (x) deemed not to be in good faith and (y) “designated” pursuant to Section 1126(e) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code such that the vote is not counted in determining whether the applicable class has accepted or rejected such plan in accordance with Section 1126(c) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code; provided that Affiliated Debt Funds will not be subject to such voting limitations and will be entitled to vote as any other Lender; provided further that Affiliated Debt Funds may not account for more than 49.9% of the “Required Lenders” in any Required Lender vote;

(iii) Affiliated Lenders may not purchase Revolving Loans, including pursuant to this Section 9.04;

(iv) the aggregate principal amount of Term Loans purchased by assignment pursuant to this Section 9.04 and held at any one time by Affiliated Lenders (other than Affiliated Debt Funds) may not exceed 25.0% of the aggregate principal amount of all Term Loans outstanding at the time of such purchase, after giving effect to any substantially simultaneous cancellations thereof;

(v) Affiliated Lenders shall clearly identify themselves as an Affiliated Lender in the loan assignment documentation. In no event shall the First Lien Administrative Agent be obligated to ascertain, monitor or inquire as to whether any lender is an Affiliated Lender or Affiliated Debt Fund nor shall the First Lien Administrative Agent be obligated to monitor the number of Affiliated Lenders or Affiliated Debt Funds or the aggregate amount of Term Loans or First Lien Incremental Term Loans held by Affiliated Lenders or Affiliated Debt Funds;

(i) Affiliated Lenders (other than Affiliated Debt Funds) will not be permitted to vote on matters requiring a Required Lender vote, and the Term Loans held by Affiliated Lenders (other than Affiliated Debt Funds) shall be disregarded in determining (x) other Lenders’ commitment percentages (y) matters submitted to Lenders for consideration that do not require the consent of each Lender or each affected Lender or do not adversely affect such Affiliated Lender in any material respect as compared to other Lenders that are not Affiliated Lenders; provided that the commitments of any Affiliated Lender shall not be increased, the Interest Payment Dates and the dates of any scheduled amortization payments (including at maturity) owed to any Affiliated Lender hereunder will not be extended and the amounts owning to any Affiliated Lender hereunder will not be reduced without the consent of such Affiliated Lender; and

(vi) each Lender making such assignment to such Affiliated Lender acknowledges and agrees that in connection with such assignment, (1) such Affiliated Lender then may have, and later may come into possession of Material Non-Public Information, (2) such Lender has independently and, without reliance on such Affiliated Lender, Holdings, any of its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of their respective Affiliates, made its own analysis and determination to enter into such assignment notwithstanding such Lender’s lack of knowledge of the Material Non-Public Information and (3) none of Holdings, its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Affiliated Lender or any of their respective Affiliates shall have any liability to such Lender, and such Lender hereby waives and releases, to the extent permitted by Requirements of Law, any claims such Lender may have against Holdings, its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent, such Affiliated Lender and their respective Affiliates, under applicable laws or otherwise, with respect to the nondisclosure of the Material Non-Public Information. Each Lender entering into such an assignment further acknowledges that the Material Non-Public Information may not be available to the First Lien Administrative Agent or the other Lenders.

 

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(g) Any Lender may, at any time, assign all or a portion of its Term Loans (but not Revolving Loans) to Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries, through (x) Dutch auctions or other offers to purchase open to all Lenders on a pro rata basis in accordance with procedures of the type described in Section 2.11(a)(ii) or other customary procedures acceptable to the First Lien Administrative Agent and/or (y) open market purchases on a non-pro rata basis, provided that (i) the Borrower shall not make any Borrowing of Revolving Loans or Swingline Loans to fund such assignment, (ii) any Term Loans that are so assigned will be automatically and irrevocably cancelled and the aggregate principal amount of the tranches and installments of the relevant Term Loans then outstanding shall be reduced by an amount equal to the principal amount of such Term Loans, (iii) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and (iv) each Lender making such assignment to Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries acknowledges and agrees that in connection with such assignment, (1) Holdings or its Subsidiaries then may have, and later may come into possession of Material Non-Public Information, (2) such Lender has independently and, without reliance on Holdings, any of its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent or any of their respective Affiliates, made its own analysis and determination to enter into such assignment notwithstanding such Lender’s lack of knowledge of the Material Non-Public Information and (3) none of Holdings, its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent, or any of their respective Affiliates shall have any liability to such Lender, and such Lender hereby waives and releases, to the extent permitted by Requirements of Law, any claims such Lender may have against Holdings, its Subsidiaries, the First Lien Administrative Agent, and their respective Affiliates, under applicable laws or otherwise, with respect to the nondisclosure of the Material Non-Public Information. Each Lender entering into such an assignment further acknowledges that the Material Non-Public Information may not be available to the First Lien Administrative Agent or the other Lenders.

(h) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no assignment may be made or participation sold to a Disqualified Lender without the prior written consent of the Borrower; provided that, upon inquiry by any Lender to the First Lien Administrative Agent as to whether a specified potential assignee or prospective participant is on the list of Disqualified Lenders, the First Lien Administrative Agent shall be permitted to disclose to such Lender whether such specific potential assignee or prospective participant is on the list of Disqualified Lenders; provided further that inclusion on the list of Disqualified Lenders shall not apply retroactively to disqualify any persons that have previously acquired an assignment or participation in the Loan if such person was not included on the list of Disqualified Lenders at the time of such assignment or participation. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document to the contrary, if any Lender was a Disqualified Lender at the time of the assignment of any Loans or Commitments to such Lender, following written notice from the Borrower to such Lender and the First Lien Administrative Agent and otherwise in accordance with Section 2.19(b), as applicable: (1) such Lender shall promptly assign all Loans and Commitments held by such Lender to an Eligible Assignee; provided that (A) the First Lien Administrative Agent shall not have any obligation to the Borrower, such Lender or any other Person to find such a replacement Lender, (B) the Borrower shall not have any obligation to such Disqualified Lender or any other Person to find such a replacement Lender or accept or consent to any such assignment to itself or any other Person subject to the Borrower’s consent in accordance with Section 9.04(b)(i) and (C) the assignment of such Loans and/or Commitments, as the case may be, shall be at par plus accrued and unpaid interest and fees; (2) such Lender shall not have any voting or approval rights under the First Lien Loan Documents and shall be excluded in determining whether all Lenders (or all Lenders of any Class), all affected Lenders (or all affected Lenders of any Class), a Majority in Interest of Lenders of any Class or the Required Lenders have taken or may take any action hereunder (including any consent to any amendment or waiver pursuant to Section 9.02); provided that (x) the Commitment of any Disqualified Lender may not be increased or extended without the consent of such Lender and (y) any waiver, amendment or modification requiring the consent of all Lenders or each affected Lender that affects any Disqualified Lender adversely and in a manner that is disproportionate to other affected Lenders shall require the consent of such Disqualified Lender; and (3) no Disqualified Lender is entitled to receive information provided solely to Lenders by the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender or will be permitted to attend or participate in meetings attended solely by the Lenders and the First Lien Administrative Agent, other than the right to receive notices or Borrowings, notices or prepayments and other administrative notices in respect of its Loans or Commitments required to be delivered to Lenders pursuant to Article II.

 

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(i) Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Affiliated Lender shall be permitted, at its option, to contribute any Term Loans so assigned to such Affiliated Lender pursuant to this Section 9.04 to Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries for purposes of cancellation, which contribution may be made (including, with the Borrower’s consent, to the Borrower, whether through Holdings or any Intermediate Parent or otherwise), in exchange for Qualified Equity Interests of Holdings, any Intermediate Parent or the Borrower or Indebtedness of the Borrower to the extent such Indebtedness is permitted to be incurred pursuant to Section 6.01 at such time.

SECTION 9.05 Survival.

All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Loan Parties in the First Lien Loan Documents and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to any First Lien Loan Document shall be considered to have been relied upon by the other parties hereto and shall survive the execution and delivery of the First Lien Loan Documents and the making of any Loans and issuance of any Letters of Credit, regardless of any investigation made by any such other party or on its behalf and notwithstanding that the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of any Default or incorrect representation or warranty at the time any credit is extended hereunder, and shall continue in full force and effect until the Termination Date. The provisions of Sections 2.15, 2.16, 2.17, 8.11 and 9.03 and Article VIII shall survive and remain in full force and effect regardless of the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, the repayment of the Loans and all other amounts payable hereunder, the expiration or termination of the Letters of Credit and the Commitments or the termination of this Agreement or any provision hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything else to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, in the event that, in connection with the refinancing or repayment in full of the credit facilities provided for herein, an Issuing Bank shall have provided to the First Lien Administrative Agent a written consent to the release of the Revolving Lenders from their obligations hereunder with respect to any Letter of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank (whether as a result of the obligations of the Borrower (and any other account party) in respect of such Letter of Credit having been collateralized in full by a deposit of cash with such Issuing Bank or being supported by a letter of credit that names such Issuing Bank as the beneficiary thereunder, or otherwise), then from and after such time such Letter of Credit shall cease to be a “Letter of Credit” outstanding hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents, and the Revolving Lenders shall be deemed to have no participations in such Letter of Credit, and no obligations with respect thereto, under Section 2.05(e) or (f).

SECTION 9.06 Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness.

This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Agreement, the other First Lien Loan Documents and any separate letter agreements with respect to fees payable to the First Lien Administrative Agent or the syndication of the Loans and Commitments constitute the entire contract among the parties relating to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all previous agreements and understandings, oral or written, relating to the subject matter hereof. Except as provided in Section 4.01, this Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been executed by the First Lien Administrative Agent and when the First Lien Administrative Agent shall have received counterparts hereof that, when taken together, bear the signatures of each of the other parties hereto, and thereafter shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic means shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 9.07 Severability.

Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction. Without limiting the foregoing provisions of this Section 9.07, if and to the extent that the enforceability of any provisions in this Agreement relating to Defaulting Lenders shall be limited by Debtor Relief Laws, as determined in good faith by the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank or the Swingline Lender, as applicable, then such provisions shall be deemed to be in effect only to the extent not so limited.

 

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SECTION 9.08 Right of Setoff.

If a Specified Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, each Lender and each Issuing Bank is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final, in whatever currency) at any time held and other obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by such Lender or such Issuing Bank to or for the credit or the account of the Borrower (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, any Settlement Assets except to effect Settlement Payments such Lender is obligated to make to a third party in respect of such Settlement Assets or as otherwise agreed in writing between the Borrower and such Lender) against any of and all the obligations of the Borrower then due and owing under this Agreement held by such Lender or Issuing Bank, irrespective of whether or not such Lender or Issuing Bank shall have made any demand under this Agreement and although such obligations are owed to a branch or office of such Lender or Issuing Bank different from the branch or office holding such deposit or obligated on such Indebtedness; provided that in the event that any Defaulting Lender shall exercise any such right of setoff, (x) all amounts so set off shall be paid over immediately to the First Lien Administrative Agent for further application in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.22 and, pending such payment, shall be segregated by such Defaulting Lender from its other funds and deemed held in trust for the benefit of the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Lenders and (y) the Defaulting Lender shall provide promptly to the First Lien Administrative Agent a statement describing in reasonable detail the Secured Obligations owing to such Defaulting Lender as to which it exercised such right of setoff. The applicable Lender and applicable Issuing Bank shall notify the Borrower and the First Lien Administrative Agent of such setoff and application; provided that any failure to give or any delay in giving such notice shall not affect the validity of any such setoff and application under this Section 9.08. The rights of each Lender and each Issuing Bank under this Section 9.08 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Lender or such Issuing Bank may have. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no amount set off from any Loan Party (other than the Borrower) shall be applied to any Excluded Swap Obligation of such Loan Party (other than the Borrower).

SECTION 9.09 Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process.

(a) This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

(b) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to any First Lien Loan Document, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in any First Lien Loan Document shall affect any right that the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding to enforce any award or judgment or exercise any rights under the Security Documents against any Collateral in any other forum in which Collateral is located.

(c) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to any First Lien Loan Document in any court referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section 9.09. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

(d) Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 9.01. Nothing in any First Lien Loan Document will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.

 

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SECTION 9.10 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.

EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO ANY FIRST LIEN LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED THEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 9.10.

SECTION 9.11 Headings.

Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.

SECTION 9.12 Confidentiality.

(a) Each of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (i) to its Affiliates (other than Excluded Affiliates) and its and their respective directors, officers, employees, trustees and agents, including accountants, legal counsel and other agents and advisors and any numbering, administration or settlement service providers (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential and any failure of such Persons acting on behalf of the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or the relevant Lender to comply with this Section 9.12 shall constitute a breach of this Section 9.12 by the First Lien Administrative Agent, such Issuing Bank or the relevant Lender, as applicable), (ii) to the extent requested by any regulatory authority or self-regulatory authority, required by applicable law or by any subpoena or similar legal process or in connection with the exercise of remedies hereunder or any suit, action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or the enforcement of rights hereunder; provided that (x) solely to the extent permitted by law and other than in connection with routine audits and reviews by regulatory and self-regulatory authorities, each Lender and the First Lien Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower as promptly as practicable of any such requested or required disclosure in connection with any legal or regulatory proceeding and (y) in the case of clause (ii) only, each Lender and the First Lien Administrative Agent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that such Information is kept confidential in connection with the exercise of such remedies; and provided further that in no event shall any Lender or the First Lien Administrative Agent be obligated or required to return any materials furnished by the Borrower or any Subsidiary of Holdings, (iii) to any other party to this Agreement, (iv) subject to an agreement containing confidentiality undertakings substantially similar to those of this Section 9.12, to (A) any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement, (B) any actual or prospective counterparty (or its advisors) to any Swap Agreement or derivative transaction relating to any Loan Party or its Subsidiaries and its obligations under the First Lien Loan Documents or (C) any pledgee referred to in Section 9.04(d), (v) if required by any rating agency; provided that prior to any such disclosure, such rating agency shall have agreed in writing to maintain the confidentiality of such Information, (vi) to service providers providing administrative and ministerial services solely in connection with the syndication and administration of the First Lien Loan Documents and the facilities (e.g., identities of parties, maturity dates, interest rates, etc.) on a confidential basis, or (vii) to the extent such Information (x) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section 9.12 or (y) becomes available to the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank, any Lender or any of their respective Affiliates on a nonconfidential basis from a source other than Holdings, the Borrower or any Subsidiary, which source is not known by the recipient of such information to be subject to a confidentiality obligation. For the purposes hereof, “Information” means all information received from or on behalf of Holdings or the Borrower relating to Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower, any other Subsidiary or their business, other than any such information that is available to the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender on a nonconfidential basis prior to disclosure by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary and other than information pertaining

 

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to this Agreement routinely provided by arrangers to data service providers, including league table providers, that serve the lending industry; provided that, in the case of information received from Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary after the Effective Date, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section 9.12 shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no such information shall be disclosed to a Disqualified Lender that constitutes a Disqualified Lender at the time of such disclosure without the Borrower’s prior written consent.

(b) EACH LENDER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT INFORMATION (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 9.12(a)) FURNISHED TO IT PURSUANT TO THIS AGREEMENT MAY INCLUDE MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION CONCERNING HOLDINGS, THE BORROWER, THE LOAN PARTIES AND THEIR RELATED PARTIES OR THEIR RESPECTIVE SECURITIES AND CONFIRMS THAT IT HAS DEVELOPED COMPLIANCE PROCEDURES REGARDING THE USE OF MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION AND THAT IT WILL HANDLE SUCH MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THOSE PROCEDURES AND APPLICABLE LAW, INCLUDING FEDERAL AND STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

(c) ALL INFORMATION, INCLUDING REQUESTS FOR WAIVERS AND AMENDMENTS FURNISHED BY THE BORROWER OR THE FIRST LIEN ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT PURSUANT TO, OR IN THE COURSE OF ADMINISTERING, THIS AGREEMENT, WILL BE SYNDICATE-LEVEL INFORMATION, WHICH MAY CONTAIN MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION ABOUT HOLDINGS, THE BORROWER, THE LOAN PARTIES AND THEIR RELATED PARTIES OR THEIR RESPECTIVE SECURITIES. ACCORDINGLY, EACH LENDER REPRESENTS TO THE BORROWER AND THE FIRST LIEN ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT THAT IT HAS IDENTIFIED IN ITS ADMINISTRATIVE QUESTIONNAIRE A CREDIT CONTACT WHO MAY RECEIVE INFORMATION THAT MAY CONTAIN MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH ITS COMPLIANCE PROCEDURES AND APPLICABLE LAW, INCLUDING FEDERAL AND STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

SECTION 9.13 USA PATRIOT Act.

Each Lender that is subject to the USA PATRIOT Act and the First Lien Administrative Agent (for itself and not on behalf of any Lender) hereby notifies the Borrower that pursuant to the requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act, it is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each Loan Party, which information includes the name and address of each Loan Party and other information that will allow such Lender or the First Lien Administrative Agent, as applicable, to identify each Loan Party in accordance with the USA PATRIOT Act.

SECTION 9.14 Release of Liens and Guarantees.

(a) A Subsidiary Loan Party shall automatically be released from its obligations under the First Lien Loan Documents, and all security interests created by the Security Documents in Collateral owned by such Subsidiary Loan Party shall be automatically released upon the consummation of any transaction or designation permitted by this Agreement as a result of which such Subsidiary Loan Party ceases to be a Restricted Subsidiary (including pursuant to a permitted merger or amalgamation with a Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party or a designation as an Unrestricted Subsidiary) or becomes an Excluded Subsidiary (other than solely as a result of becoming a Non-Wholly Owned Subsidiary); provided that, if so required by this Agreement, the Required Lenders shall have consented to such transaction and the terms of such consent shall not have provided otherwise. Upon any sale, disposition or other transfer by any Loan Party (other than to any other Loan Party) of any Collateral in a transaction permitted under this Agreement, or upon the effectiveness of any written consent to the release of the security interest created under any Security Document in any Collateral, the security interests in such Collateral created by the Security Documents shall be automatically released. Upon the release of Holdings or any Subsidiary Loan Party from its Guarantee in compliance with this Agreement, the security interest in any Collateral owned by Holdings or such Subsidiary Loan Party created by the Security Documents shall be automatically released. Upon the designation of a Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary in compliance with this Agreement, the security interest created by the Security Documents in the Equity Interests of such new Unrestricted Subsidiary shall automatically be released.

 

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Upon the Termination Date all obligations under the First Lien Loan Documents and all security interests created by the Security Documents shall be automatically released. In connection with any termination or release pursuant to this Section 9.14, the First Lien Administrative Agent or the First Lien Collateral Agent, as the case may be, shall execute and deliver to any Loan Party, at such Loan Party’s expense, all documents that such Loan Party shall reasonably request to evidence or to file or register in any office such termination or release so long as the Borrower or applicable Loan Party shall have provided the First Lien Administrative Agent or the First Lien Collateral Agent, as the case may be, such certifications or documents as the First Lien Administrative Agent or the First Lien Collateral Agent, as the case may be, shall reasonably request in order to demonstrate compliance with this Agreement.

(b) The First Lien Administrative Agent or the First Lien Collateral Agent, as the case may be, will, at the Borrower’s expense, execute and deliver to the applicable Loan Party or to file or register in any office such documents as such Loan Party may reasonably request to subordinate its Lien on any property granted to or held by the First Lien Administrative Agent or the First Lien Collateral Agent, as the case may be, under any First Lien Loan Document to the holder of any Lien on such property that is permitted by Section 6.02(iv).

(c) Each of the Lenders and the Issuing Banks irrevocably authorizes the First Lien Administrative Agent or the First Lien Collateral Agent, as the case may be, to provide any release or evidence of release, termination or subordination contemplated by this Section 9.14. Upon request by the First Lien Administrative Agent or the First Lien Collateral Agent, as the case may be, at any time, the Required Lenders will confirm in writing the First Lien Administrative Agent’s authority or the First Lien Collateral Agent’s authority, as the case may be, to release or subordinate its interest in particular types or items of property, or to release any Loan Party from its obligations under any First Lien Loan Document, in each case in accordance with the terms of the First Lien Loan Documents and this Section 9.14.

SECTION 9.15 No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility.

In connection with all aspects of each transaction contemplated hereby (including in connection with any amendment, waiver or other modification hereof or of any other First Lien Loan Document), each of the Borrower and Holdings acknowledges and agrees that (i) (A) the arranging and other services regarding this Agreement provided by the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders are arm’s-length commercial transactions between the Borrower, Holdings and their respective Affiliates, on the one hand, and the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders on the other hand, (B) each of the Borrower and Holdings has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate, and (C) each of the Borrower and Holdings is capable of evaluating, and understands and accepts, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other First Lien Loan Documents; (ii) (A) each of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders is and has been acting solely as a principal and, except as expressly agreed in writing by the relevant parties, has not been, is not and will not be acting as an advisor, agent or fiduciary for the Borrower, Holdings, any of their respective Affiliates or any other Person and (B) none of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders has any obligation to the Borrower, Holdings or any of their respective Affiliates with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby except those obligations expressly set forth herein and in the other First Lien Loan Documents; and (iii) the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders and their respective Affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of the Borrower, Holdings and their respective Affiliates, and none of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders has any obligation to disclose any of such interests to the Borrower, Holdings or any of their respective Affiliates. To the fullest extent permitted by law, each of the Borrower and Holdings hereby waives and releases any claims that it may have against the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders with respect to any breach or alleged breach of agency or fiduciary duty in connection with any aspect of any transaction contemplated hereby.

SECTION 9.16 Interest Rate Limitation.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any First Lien Loan Document, the interest paid or agreed to be paid under the First Lien Loan Documents shall not exceed the maximum rate of non-usurious interest permitted by applicable law (the “Maximum Rate”). If the First Lien Administrative Agent or any Lender

 

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shall receive interest in an amount that exceeds the Maximum Rate, the excess interest shall be applied to the principal of the Loans or, if it exceeds such unpaid principal, refunded to the Borrower. In determining whether the interest contracted for, charged or received by the First Lien Administrative Agent or a Lender exceeds the Maximum Rate, such Person may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, (a) characterize any payment that is not principal as an expense, fee or premium rather than interest, (b) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof, and (c) amortize, prorate, allocate and spread in equal or unequal parts the total amount of interest throughout the contemplated term of the obligations hereunder.

SECTION 9.17 Judgment Currency.

If, for the purposes of obtaining judgment in any court, it is necessary to convert a sum due hereunder or any other First Lien Loan Document in one currency into another currency, the rate of exchange used shall be that at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the First Lien Administrative Agent could purchase the first currency with such other currency on the Business Day preceding that on which final judgment is given. The obligation of the Borrower in respect of any such sum due from it to the Secured Parties hereunder or under the other First Lien Loan Documents shall, notwithstanding any judgment in a currency (the “Judgment Currency”) other than that in which such sum is denominated in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Agreement (the “Agreement Currency”), be discharged only to the extent that on the Business Day following receipt by the First Lien Administrative Agent of any sum adjudged to be so due in the Judgment Currency, the First Lien Administrative Agent may in accordance with normal banking procedures purchase the Agreement Currency with the Judgment Currency. If the amount of the Agreement Currency so purchased is less than the sum originally due to the First Lien Administrative Agent from the Borrower in the Agreement Currency, the Borrower agrees, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, to indemnify the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Person to whom such obligation was owing against such loss. If the amount of the Agreement Currency so purchased is greater than the sum originally due to the First Lien Administrative Agent in such currency, the First Lien Administrative Agent agrees to return the amount of any excess to the Borrower (or to any other Person who may be entitled thereto under Requirements of Law).

SECTION 9.18 Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any First Lien Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any parties to any First Lien Loan Document, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Lender that is an EEA Financial Institution arising under any First Lien Loan Document, to the extent such liability is unsecured, may be subject to the write-down and conversion powers of an EEA Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:

(a) the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by an EEA Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any Lender that is an EEA Financial Institution;

(b) the effects of any Bail-In Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:

(i) a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability

(ii) a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such EEA Financial Institution, its parent undertaking, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document; or

(iii) the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of any EEA Resolution Authority.

 

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SECTION 9.19 Intercreditor Agreement.

(a) Each Secured Party hereby agrees that the First Lien Administrative Agent and/or First Lien Collateral Agent may enter into any intercreditor agreement and/or subordination agreement or amendment thereof pursuant to, or contemplated by, the terms of this Agreement (including with respect to Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 6.01, any applicable Liens on Collateral permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 and, in each case, together with the defined terms referenced therein) on its behalf and agrees to be bound by the terms thereof and, in each case, consents and agrees to the appointment of Jefferies (or its affiliated designee, representative, agent or successor) on its behalf as collateral agent, respectively, thereunder.

(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or in any other First Lien Loan Document: (a) the Liens granted to the First Lien Collateral Agent in favor of the Secured Parties pursuant to the First Lien Loan Documents and the exercise of any right related to any Collateral shall be subject, in each case, to the terms of the Customary Intercreditor Agreements then in effect, (b) in the event of any conflict between the express terms and provisions of this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document, on the one hand, and of any Customary Intercreditor Agreements then in effect, on the other hand, the terms and provisions of the relevant Customary Intercreditor Agreements shall control, and (c) each Lender authorizes the First Lien Administrative Agent and/or the First Lien Collateral Agent to execute any such Customary Intercreditor Agreement (or amendment thereof) on behalf of such Lender, and such Lender agrees to be bound by the terms thereof.

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or in any other First Lien Loan Document, the Lenders hereby irrevocably agree that in connection with the establishment of an ABL Facility in accordance with this Agreement, the First Lien Loan Documents may be amended, amended and restated, modified or supplemented to cause the security interests in the ABL Priority Collateral (but not in any other Collateral) granted to the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to the Security Documents to be made subordinate (on a second-priority basis) to the security interests in the ABL Priority Collateral securing the ABL Obligations, in each case by the First Lien Administrative Agent and the Borrower, but without the consent of any Lender.

SECTION 9.20 Cashless Settlement.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, any Lender may exchange, continue or rollover all or a portion of its Loans in connection with any refinancing, extension, loan modification or similar transaction permitted by the terms of this Agreement, pursuant to a cashless settlement mechanism approved by the Borrower, the First Lien Administrative Agent and such Lender.

SECTION 9.21 Acknowledgment Regarding Any Supported QFCs. To the extent that the First Lien Loan Documents provide support, through a guarantee or otherwise, for any Swap Agreement or any other agreement or instrument that is a QFC (such support, “QFC Credit Support”, and each such QFC, a “Supported QFC”), the parties acknowledge and agree as follows with respect to the resolution power of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (together with the regulations promulgated thereunder, the “U.S. Special Resolution Regimes”) in respect of such Supported QFC and QFC Credit Support (with the provisions below applicable notwithstanding that the First Lien Loan Documents and any Supported QFC may in fact be stated to be governed by the laws of the State of New York and/or of the United States or any other state of the United States):

(a) In the event a Covered Entity that is party to a Supported QFC (each, a “Covered Party”) becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer of such Supported QFC and the benefit of such QFC Credit Support (and any interest and obligation in or under such Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support, and any rights in property securing such Supported QFC or such QFC Credit Support) from such Covered Party will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support (and any such interest, obligation and rights in property) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. In the event a Covered Party or a BHC Act Affiliate of a Covered Party becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under the First Lien Loan Documents that might otherwise apply to such Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support that may be exercised against such Covered Party are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Supported QFC and the First Lien Loan Documents were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. Without limitation of the foregoing, it is understood and agreed that rights and remedies of the parties with respect to a Defaulting Lender shall in no event affect the rights of any Covered Party with respect to a Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support.

 

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(b) As used in this Section 9.21, the following terms have the following meanings:

BHC Act Affiliate” of a party means an “affiliate” (as such term is defined under, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 1841(k)) of such party.

Covered Entity” means any of the following: (i) a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b); (ii) a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or (iii) a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b).

Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.

QFC” has the meaning assigned to the term “qualified financial contract” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 5390(c)(8)(D).

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank.]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

as Holdings

By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, as Borrower
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

[Signature Page to Credit Agreement]


JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC as Administrative Agent, an Issuing Bank and a Lender
By:   /s/ Jason Kennedy
  Name: Jason Kennedy
  Title: Managing Director

 

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A, as a Lender
By:   /s/ Kyler Eng
  Name: Kyler Eng
  Title: Vice President

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC, as a Revolving Lender
By:   /s/ Ronnie Glenn
  Name: Ronnie Glenn
  Title: Director

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA, as an Issuing Bank and a Lender
By:   /s/ Diana Lee
  Name: Diana Lee
  Title: Authorized Signatory

 

ING CAPITAL LLC, as a Revolving Lender
By:   /s/ L. Uthatg
  Name: L. Uthatg
  Title: Managing Director

 

By:   /s/ Andrea Isaacs
  Name: Andrea Isaacs
  Title: Director

 

[Signature Page to Credit Agreement]


BNB PARIBAS, as a Revolving Lender
By:   /s/ Uzo Arinzeh
  Name: Uzo Arinzeh
  Title: Managing Director

 

By:   /s/ Albert Arencibia
  Name: Albert Arencibia
  Title: Director

 

PSP INVESTMENTS CREDIT USA LLC, as a Revolving Lender
By:   /s/ Ian Palmer
  Name: Ian Palmer
  Title: Authorized Signatory

 

By:   /s/ Kerry Dolan
  Name: Kerry Dolan
  Title: Authorized Signatory

 

[Signature Page to Credit Agreement]

EX-10.11

Exhibit 10.11

GUARANTEE AGREEMENT

dated as of

December 13, 2019,

among

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

as Holdings,

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

as Borrower,

THE OTHER GUARANTORS PARTY HERETO

and

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,

as First Lien Collateral Agent

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

         Page  
  ARTICLE I   
  Definitions   

SECTION 1.01.

  First Lien Credit Agreement      1  

SECTION 1.02.

  Other Defined Terms      2  
  ARTICLE II   
  The Guarantees   

SECTION 2.01.

  Guarantee      3  

SECTION 2.02.

  Guarantee of Payment; Continuing Guarantee      3  

SECTION 2.03.

  No Limitations      3  

SECTION 2.04.

  Reinstatement      5  

SECTION 2.05.

  Agreement to Pay; Subrogation      5  

SECTION 2.06.

  Information      5  

SECTION 2.07.

  Payments Free of Taxes      6  
  ARTICLE III   
  Indemnity, Subrogation and Subordination   

SECTION 3.01.

  Indemnity and Subrogation      6  

SECTION 3.02.

  Contribution and Subrogation      6  

SECTION 3.03.

  Subordination      6  
  ARTICLE IV   
  Representations and Warranties   
  ARTICLE V   
  Miscellaneous   

SECTION 5.01.

  Notices      7  

SECTION 5.02.

  Waivers; Amendment      7  

SECTION 5.03.

  First Lien Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification      8  

SECTION 5.04.

  Successors and Assigns      8  

SECTION 5.05.

  Survival of Agreement      9  

SECTION 5.06.

  Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement      9  

SECTION 5.07.

  Severability      9  


SECTION 5.08.

  Right of Set-Off      9  

SECTION 5.09.

  Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Appointment of Service of Process Agent      10  

SECTION 5.10.

  WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      10  

SECTION 5.11.

  Headings      11  

SECTION 5.12.

  Termination or Release      11  

SECTION 5.13.

  Additional Guarantors      11  

SECTION 5.14.

  Keepwell      11  

Schedules

 

I

Subsidiary Guarantors

Exhibits

 

A

Form of Supplement to Guarantee Agreement

 

2


FIRST LIEN GUARANTEE AGREEMENT dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”), among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Borrower”), the other GUARANTORS from time to time party hereto and JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC (“Jefferies”), as First Lien Collateral Agent and First Lien Administrative Agent, in each case on behalf of itself and the other Secured Parties (in such capacities, collectively, the “First Lien Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (i) the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Credit Agreement”) among Holdings, the Borrower, the Lenders and the Issuing Banks from time to time party thereto and Jefferies, as First Lien Administrative Agent and (ii) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”), among Holdings, the Borrower, and the other Grantors party thereto (each as defined therein) and the First Lien Collateral Agent.

WHEREAS, the Lenders and the Issuing Banks have agreed to extend credit to the Borrower subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement;

WHEREAS, the obligations of the Lenders and the Issuing Banks to extend such credit are conditioned upon, among other things, the execution and delivery of this Agreement; and

WHEREAS, Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, and the Subsidiary Guarantors are affiliates of the Borrower, will derive substantial benefits from the extension of credit to the Borrower pursuant to the First Lien Credit Agreement and are willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders and the Issuing Banks to extend such credit.

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

SECTION 1.01. First Lien Credit Agreement. (a) Capitalized terms used in this Agreement (including in the introductory paragraph hereto) and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Credit Agreement.

(b) The rules of construction specified in Section 1.03 of the First Lien Credit Agreement also apply to this Agreement, mutatis mutandis.


SECTION 1.02. Other Defined Terms. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph to this Agreement.

Borrower” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph to this Agreement.

Claiming Party” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.02.

Contributing Party” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.02.

“First Lien Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph to this Agreement.

“First Lien Credit Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph to this Agreement.

Guarantors” means Holdings, any Intermediate Parent party hereto, the Borrower and the Subsidiary Guarantors.

Holdings” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph to this Agreement.

Qualified ECP Loan Party” means, in respect of any Secured Swap Obligation, each Loan Party that has total assets exceeding $10,000,000 at the time the relevant Guarantee or grant of the relevant security interest becomes effective with respect to such Secured Swap Obligation or such other person as constitutes an “eligible contract participant” under the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulations promulgated thereunder and can cause another person to qualify as an “eligible contract participant” at such time by entering into a keepwell under Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

Subsidiary Guarantors” means the Subsidiaries of the Borrower identified as such on Schedule I hereto and each other Subsidiary of Holdings that becomes a party to this Agreement as a Guarantor on or after the date hereof pursuant to Section 5.13; provided that if a Subsidiary is released from its obligations as a Subsidiary Guarantor hereunder as provided in Section 5.12(b), such Subsidiary shall cease to be a Subsidiary Guarantor hereunder effective upon such release. For the avoidance of doubt, Subsidiary Guarantors are referred to as “Subsidiary Loan Parties” in the First Lien Credit Agreement.

Supplement” means an instrument in the form of Exhibit A hereto, or any other form approved by the First Lien Collateral Agent, and in each case reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Collateral Agent.

 

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ARTICLE II

THE GUARANTEES

SECTION 2.01. Guarantee. Each Guarantor irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees to each of the Secured Parties, jointly with the other Guarantors and severally, the due and punctual payment and performance of the Secured Obligations. Each Guarantor further agrees that the Secured Obligations may be extended or renewed, in whole or in part, or amended or modified, without notice to or further assent from it, and that it will remain bound upon its guarantee hereunder notwithstanding any such extension or renewal, or amendment or modification, of any of the Secured Obligations. Each Guarantor waives presentment to, demand of payment from and protest to the Borrower or any other Loan Party of any of the Secured Obligations, and also waives notice of acceptance of its guarantee and notice of protest for nonpayment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder at any time shall be limited to an aggregate amount equal to the largest amount that would not render its obligations hereunder subject to avoidance as a fraudulent transfer or conveyance under Section 548 of the Bankruptcy Code or any comparable provisions of any other applicable law, in each case to the extent (if any) applicable to such Guarantor.

SECTION 2.02. Guarantee of Payment; Continuing Guarantee. Each Guarantor further agrees that its guarantee hereunder constitutes a guarantee of payment when due (whether or not any bankruptcy or similar proceeding shall have stayed the accrual of collection of any of the Secured Obligations or operated as a discharge thereof) and not merely of collection, and waives any right to require that any resort be had by the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to any security held for the payment of any of the Secured Obligations or to any balance of any deposit account or credit on the books of the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party in favor of the Borrower, any other Loan Party or any other Person. Each Guarantor agrees that its guarantee hereunder is continuing in nature and applies to all of the Secured Obligations, whether currently existing or hereafter incurred.

SECTION 2.03. No Limitations. (a) Except for the termination or release of a Guarantor’s obligations hereunder as expressly provided in Section 5.12, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be subject to any reduction, limitation, impairment or termination for any reason, including any claim of waiver, release, surrender, alteration or compromise of any of the Secured Obligations, and shall not be subject to any defense or set-off, counterclaim, recoupment or termination whatsoever by reason of the invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of any of the Secured Obligations, any impossibility in the performance of any of the Secured Obligations or otherwise. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, except for the termination or release of its obligations hereunder as expressly provided in Section 5.12, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be discharged or impaired or otherwise affected by:

(i) the failure of any Secured Party or any other Person to assert any claim or demand or to enforce any right or remedy under the provisions of any First Lien Loan Document or otherwise;

 

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(ii) any rescission, waiver, amendment, restatement or modification of, or any release from any of the terms or provisions of, any First Lien Loan Document or any other agreement, including with respect to any other Guarantor under this Agreement;

(iii) the release of, or any impairment of or failure to perfect any Lien on, any security held by any Secured Party for any of the Secured Obligations;

(iv) any default, failure or delay, willful or otherwise, in the performance of any of the Secured Obligations;

(v) any other act or omission that may or might in any manner or to any extent vary the risk of any Guarantor or otherwise operate as a discharge of any Guarantor as a matter of law or equity (other than the occurrence of the Termination Date);

(vi) any illegality, lack of validity or lack of enforceability of any of the Secured Obligations.

(vii) any change in the corporate existence, structure or ownership of any Loan Party, including by way of merger or amalgamation, or any insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization or other similar proceeding affecting any Loan Party or its assets or any resulting release or discharge of any of the Secured Obligations;

(viii) the existence of any claim, set-off or other rights that any Guarantor may have at any time against the Borrower, the First Lien Collateral Agent, any other Secured Party or any other Person, whether in connection with the First Lien Credit Agreement, the other First Lien Loan Documents or any unrelated transaction;

(ix) this Agreement having been determined (on whatsoever grounds) to be invalid, non-binding or unenforceable against any other Guarantor ab initio or at any time after the Effective Date;

(x) the fact that any Person that, pursuant to the First Lien Loan Documents, was required to become a party hereto may not have executed or is not effectually bound by this Agreement, whether or not this fact is known to the Secured Parties;

(xi) any action permitted or authorized hereunder; or

(xii) any other circumstance, or any existence of or reliance on any representation by the First Lien Collateral Agent, any Secured Party or any other Person, that might otherwise constitute a defense to, or a legal or equitable discharge of, the Borrower, any Guarantor or any other guarantor or surety (other than the occurrence of the Termination Date).

Each Guarantor expressly authorizes the Secured Parties to take and hold security in accordance with the terms of the First Lien Loan Documents for the payment and performance of the Secured Obligations, to exchange, waive or release any or all such security (with or without consideration), to enforce or apply such security and direct the order and manner of any sale thereof in their sole discretion or to release or substitute any one or more other guarantors or obligors upon or in respect of the Secured Obligations, all without affecting the obligations of any Guarantor hereunder.

 

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(b) To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Guarantor waives any defense based on or arising out of any defense of the Borrower or any other Loan Party or the unenforceability of the Secured Obligations or any part thereof from any cause, or the cessation from any cause of the liability of the Borrower or any other Loan Party (other than the occurrence of the Termination Date). The First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties may, at their election and in accordance with the terms of the First Lien Loan Documents, foreclose on any security held by one or more of them by one or more judicial or nonjudicial sales, accept an assignment of any such security in lieu of foreclosure, compromise or adjust any part of the Secured Obligations, make any other accommodation with the Borrower or any other Loan Party or exercise any other right or remedy available to them against the Borrower or any other Loan Party, without affecting or impairing in any way the liability of any Guarantor hereunder except to the extent the Termination Date has occurred. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Guarantor waives any defense arising out of any such election even though such election operates, pursuant to applicable law, to impair or to extinguish any right of reimbursement or subrogation or other right or remedy of such Guarantor against the Borrower or any other Loan Party, as the case may be, or any security.

SECTION 2.04. Reinstatement. Each Guarantor agrees that, unless released pursuant to Section 5.12(b), its guarantee hereunder shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment, or any part thereof, of any Secured Obligations is rescinded or must otherwise be restored by any Secured Party upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization (or any analogous proceeding in any jurisdiction) of the Borrower, any other Loan Party or otherwise.

SECTION 2.05. Agreement to Pay; Subrogation. In furtherance of the foregoing and not in limitation of any other right that the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party has at applicable law or in equity against any Guarantor by virtue hereof, upon the failure of the Borrower or any other Loan Party to pay any Secured Obligation when and as the same shall become due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, after notice of prepayment or otherwise, each Guarantor hereby promises to and will forthwith pay, or cause to be paid, to the First Lien Collateral Agent for distribution to the applicable Secured Parties in cash the amount of such unpaid Secured Obligation. Upon payment by any Guarantor of any sums to the First Lien Collateral Agent as provided above, all rights of such Guarantor against the Borrower or any other Loan Party arising as a result thereof by way of right of subrogation, contribution, reimbursement, indemnity or otherwise shall in all respects be subject to Article III.

SECTION 2.06. Information. Each Guarantor assumes all responsibility for being and keeping itself informed of the Borrower’s and each other Loan Party’s financial condition and assets, and of all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Secured Obligations and the nature, scope and extent of the risks that such Guarantor assumes and incurs hereunder, and agrees that none of the Secured Parties will have any duty to advise such Guarantor of information known to it or any of them regarding such circumstances or risks.

 

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SECTION 2.07. Payments Free of Taxes. Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of any Guarantor hereunder or under any other First Lien Loan Document shall be made free and clear of and without deduction for any Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes on the same terms and to the same extent that payments by the Borrower are required to be so made pursuant to the terms of Section 2.17 of the First Lien Credit Agreement. The provisions of Section 2.17 of the First Lien Credit Agreement shall apply to each Guarantor, mutatis mutandis.

ARTICLE III

INDEMNITY, SUBROGATION AND SUBORDINATION

SECTION 3.01. Indemnity and Subrogation. In addition to all such rights of indemnity and subrogation as the Guarantors may have under applicable law (but subject to Section 3.03) in respect of any payment hereunder, the Borrower agrees that (a) in the event a payment in respect of any obligation of the Borrower shall be made by any Guarantor under this Agreement, the Borrower shall indemnify such Guarantor for the full amount of such payment and such Guarantor shall be subrogated to the rights of the Person to whom such payment shall have been made to the extent of such payment and (b) in the event any assets of any Guarantor shall be sold pursuant to any Security Document to satisfy in whole or in part any Secured Obligations owed to any Secured Party, the Borrower shall indemnify such Guarantor in an amount equal to the greater of the book value or the fair market value of the assets so sold.

SECTION 3.02. Contribution and Subrogation. Each Guarantor (a “Contributing Party”) agrees (subject to Section 3.03) that, in the event a payment shall be made by any other Guarantor hereunder in respect of any Secured Obligations or assets of any other Guarantor (other than the Borrower) shall be sold pursuant to any Security Document to satisfy any Secured Obligation owed to any Secured Party and such other Guarantor (the “Claiming Party”) shall not have been fully indemnified as provided in Section 3.01, the Contributing Party shall indemnify the Claiming Party in an amount equal to the amount of such payment or the greater of the book value or the fair market value of such assets, as the case may be, in each case multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the net worth of the Contributing Party on the date hereof (or, in the case of any Guarantor becoming a party hereto pursuant to Section 5.13, the date of the Supplement executed and delivered by such Guarantor) and the denominator shall be the aggregate net worth of all the Guarantors on the date hereof (or, in the case of any Guarantor becoming a party hereto pursuant to Section 5.13, such other date). Any Contributing Party making any payment to a Claiming Party pursuant to this Section 3.02 shall be subrogated to the rights of such Claiming Party under Section 3.01 to the extent of such payment.

SECTION 3.03. Subordination. (a) Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, all rights of the Guarantors under Sections 3.01 and 3.02 and all other rights of the Guarantors of indemnity, contribution or subrogation under applicable law or otherwise shall be fully subordinated to the payment in full in cash of all the Secured Obligations (other than contingent indemnification obligations). No failure on the part of the Borrower or any Guarantor to make the payments required by Sections 3.01 and 3.02 (or any other payments required under applicable law or otherwise) shall in any respect limit the obligations and liabilities of any Guarantor with respect to its obligations hereunder, and each Guarantor shall remain liable for the full amount of the obligations of such Guarantor hereunder.

 

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(b) Each Guarantor hereby agrees that upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default and after notice from the First Lien Collateral Agent (provided that no such notice shall be required to be given in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 7.01(h) or 7.01(i) of the First Lien Credit Agreement), all Indebtedness and other monetary obligations owed by it to, or to it by, any other Guarantor or any other Subsidiary of Holdings shall be fully subordinated to the payment in full in cash of all the Secured Obligations (other than contingent indemnification obligations).

ARTICLE IV

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

Each Guarantor represents and warrants to the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties that (a) the execution, delivery and performance by such Guarantor of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other action and, if required, action by the holders of such Guarantor’s Equity Interests, and that this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by such Guarantor and constitutes its legal, valid and binding obligation, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation, court protection, administration or other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law, and (b) all representations and warranties set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement as to such Guarantor are true and correct in all material respects; provided that, to the extent such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, they are true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date; provided, further that any representation and warranty that is qualified as to “materiality,” “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language is true and correct in all respects.

ARTICLE V

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 5.01. Notices. All communications and notices hereunder shall (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein) be in writing and given as provided in Section 9.01 of the First Lien Credit Agreement. All communications and notices hereunder to any Guarantor shall be given to it in care of Holdings as provided in Section 9.01 of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

SECTION 5.02. Waivers; Amendment. (a) No failure or delay by the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other First Lien Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other

 

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Secured Parties hereunder and under the other First Lien Loan Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any Loan Party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section 5.02, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan or issuance of a Letter of Credit shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether the First Lien Collateral Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time. No notice or demand on any Loan Party in any case shall entitle any Loan Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.

(b) Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the First Lien Collateral Agent and the Guarantor or Guarantors with respect to which such waiver, amendment or modification is to apply, subject to any consent required in accordance with Section 9.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement; provided that the First Lien Collateral Agent may, without the consent of any Secured Party, consent to a departure by any Guarantor from any covenant of such Guarantor set forth herein to the extent such departure is consistent with the authority of the First Lien Collateral Agent set forth in the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” in the First Lien Credit Agreement or in Section 9.02(b) of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

SECTION 5.03. First Lien Collateral Agents Fees and Expenses; Indemnification. (a) Each Guarantor, jointly with the other Guarantors and severally, agrees to reimburse the First Lien Collateral Agent for its fees and expenses incurred hereunder as provided in Section 9.03(a) of the First Lien Credit Agreement and to indemnify the Indemnitees as set forth in Section 9.03(b) of the First Lien Credit Agreement;1 provided that each reference therein to the “Borrower” shall be deemed to be a reference to “each Guarantor.”

(b) The provisions of this Section 5.03 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, the repayment of any of the Secured Obligations, the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any investigation made by or on behalf of any Secured Party. Any such amounts payable as provided hereunder shall be additional Secured Obligations.

SECTION 5.04. Successors and Assigns. Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the permitted successors and assigns of such party; and all covenants, promises and agreements by or on behalf of any Guarantor or the First Lien Collateral Agent that are contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.

 

 

1 Note to Victor: See attached redline.

 

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SECTION 5.05. Survival of Agreement. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Loan Parties in this Agreement and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement and the shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Secured Parties and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Loan Documents and the making of any Loans and issuance of any Letters of Credit, , in each case, in accordance with and subject to the limitations set forth in Section 9.05 of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

SECTION 5.06. Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as to any Guarantor when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Guarantor shall have been delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on behalf of the First Lien Collateral Agent, and thereafter shall be binding upon such Guarantor and the First Lien Collateral Agent and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of such Guarantor, the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and their respective successors and assigns, except that no Guarantor shall have the right to assign or transfer its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein (and any such assignment or transfer shall be void) except as expressly provided in this Agreement and the First Lien Credit Agreement. This Agreement shall be construed as a separate agreement with respect to each Guarantor and may be amended, modified, supplemented, waived or released with respect to any Guarantor without the approval of any other Guarantor and without affecting the obligations of any other Guarantor hereunder.

SECTION 5.07. Severability. Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.

SECTION 5.08. Right of Set-Off. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, each Lender, and the Issuing Bank is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final, in whatever currency) at any time held and other obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by such Lender or such Issuing Bank to or for the credit or the account of any Guarantor against any of and all the obligations of such Guarantor then due and owing under this Agreement held by such Lender or such Issuing Bank, irrespective of whether or not such Lender or such Issuing Bank shall have made any demand under this Agreement and although (i) such obligations may be contingent or unmatured and (ii) such obligations are owed to a branch or office of such Lender or such Issuing Bank different from the branch or office holding such deposit or obligated on such Indebtedness. The applicable Lender and Issuing Bank shall notify the applicable Guarantor and the First Lien Collateral Agent of such setoff and application; provided that any failure to give or any delay in giving such notice shall not affect the validity of any such setoff and application under this Section 5.08. The rights of each Lender and each Issuing Bank under this Section 5.08 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Lender and such Issuing Bank.

 

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SECTION 5.09. Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Appointment of Service of Process Agent. (a) This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

(b) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding may be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect any right that the First Lien Collateral Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement against any Guarantor or its respective properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.

(c) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any court referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section 5.09. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

(d) Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 5.01. Nothing in this Agreement will affect the right of any party to this Agreement or any other First Lien Loan Document to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.

(e) Each Guarantor hereby irrevocably designates, appoints and empowers the Borrower as its designee, appointee and agent to receive, accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf, and in respect of its property, service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents that may be served in any such action or proceeding and the Borrower hereby accepts such designation and appointment.

SECTION 5.10. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT,

 

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ANY OTHER FIRST LIEN LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER FIRST LIEN LOAN DOCUMENTS BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 5.10.

SECTION 5.11. Headings. Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.

SECTION 5.12. Termination or Release. (a) Subject to Section 2.04, this Agreement and the Guarantees made herein shall terminate automatically on the Termination Date.

(b) The guarantees made herein shall also terminate and be released at the time or times and in the manner set forth in Section 9.14 of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

(c) In connection with any termination or release pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 5.12, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to any Loan Party, at such Loan Party’s expense, all documents that such Loan Party shall reasonably request to evidence such termination or release so long as the applicable Loan Party shall have provided the First Lien Collateral Agent such certifications or documents as the First Lien Collateral Agent shall reasonably request in order to demonstrate compliance with this Section 5.12. Any execution and delivery of documents by the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 5.12 shall be without recourse to or warranty by the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party.

SECTION 5.13. Additional Guarantors. Additional Persons may become Guarantors after the date hereof as contemplated by the First Lien Credit Agreement. Upon execution and delivery by the First Lien Collateral Agent and a Person of a Supplement, any such Person shall become a Guarantor hereunder with the same force and effect as if originally named as such herein. The execution and delivery of any such instrument shall not require the consent of any other Guarantor hereunder. The rights and obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of any Person as a party to this Agreement.

SECTION 5.14. Keepwell. Each Qualified ECP Loan Party, jointly and severally, hereby absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably undertakes to provide such funds or other support as may be needed from time to time by each other Loan Party to honor all of such Loan Party’s obligations under this Agreement and the other First Lien Loan Documents in

 

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respect of Secured Swap Obligations (provided, however, that each Qualified ECP Loan Party shall only be liable under this Section 5.14 for the maximum amount of such liability that can be hereby incurred without rendering its obligations under this Section 5.14, or otherwise under this Agreement or the other First Lien Loan Documents, voidable under applicable law, including fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer laws, and not for any greater amount). The obligations of each Qualified ECP Loan Party under this Section 5.14 shall remain in full force and effect until the Termination Date has occurred, in each case, in accordance with and subject to the limitations set forth in Section 9.05 of the First Lien Credit Agreement. Each Qualified ECP Loan Party intends that this Section 5.14 constitute, and this Section 5.14 shall be deemed to constitute, a “keepwell, support, or other agreement” for the benefit of each other Loan Party for all purposes of Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

[Signature Pages Follow]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this First Lien Guarantee Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC. as Holdings
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC as Borrower
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH LLC
STERIGENICS U.S., LLC
NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC
SOTERA HEALTH SERVICES, LLC, each as a Guarantor
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

[Signature Page to the First Lien Guarantee Agreement]


JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Collateral Agent
By   /s/ Jason Kennedy
  Name: Jason Kennedy
  Title: Managing Director

 

[Signature Page to the First Lien Guarantee Agreement]

EX-10.12

Exhibit 10.12

 

 

FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGREEMENT

dated as of

December 13, 2019,

among

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

as Holdings,

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

as Borrower,

THE OTHER GRANTORS PARTY HERETO,

and

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,

as First Lien Collateral Agent

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

 

SECTION 1.01.

   Defined Terms      1  

SECTION 1.02.

   Other Defined Terms      1  
   ARTICLE II   
   PLEDGE OF SECURITIES   

SECTION 2.01.

   Pledge      4  

SECTION 2.02.

   Delivery of the Pledged Collateral      5  

SECTION 2.03.

   Representations, Warranties and Covenants      6  

SECTION 2.04.

   Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations      7  

SECTION 2.05.

   Voting Rights; Dividends and Interest      7  

SECTION 2.06.

   Article 8 Opt-In      9  
   ARTICLE III   
   SECURITY INTERESTS IN PERSONAL PROPERTY   

SECTION 3.01.

   Security Interest      10  

SECTION 3.02.

   Representations and Warranties      11  

SECTION 3.03.

   Covenants      13  

SECTION 3.04.

   Other Actions      15  

SECTION 3.05.

   Covenants Regarding Patent, Trademark and Copyright Collateral      16  
   ARTICLE IV   
   REMEDIES   

SECTION 4.01.

   Remedies upon Default      17  

SECTION 4.02.

   Securities Act      18  

SECTION 4.03.

   Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property      19  
   ARTICLE V   
   MISCELLANEOUS   

SECTION 5.01.

   Notices      20  

SECTION 5.02.

   Waivers; Amendment      20  

SECTION 5.03.

   First Lien Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification      20  

SECTION 5.04.

   Successors and Assigns      22  

SECTION 5.05.

   Survival of Agreement      22  

SECTION 5.06.

   Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement      22  

 

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SECTION 5.07.

   Severability      22  

SECTION 5.08.

   Right of Set-off      23  

SECTION 5.09.

   Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Appointment of Service of Process Agent      23  

SECTION 5.10.

   WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      24  

SECTION 5.11.

   Headings      24  

SECTION 5.12.

   Security Interest Absolute      24  

SECTION 5.13.

   Termination or Release      24  

SECTION 5.14.

   Additional Subsidiaries      25  

SECTION 5.15.

   Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact      25  

 

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Schedules

Schedule I Grantors

Schedule II Pledged Equity Interests; Pledged Debt Securities

Schedule III Intellectual Property Schedule

IV Commercial Tort Claims

Exhibits

Exhibit I Form of Grantor Supplement

Exhibit II Form of Copyright Security Agreement

Exhibit III Form of Patent Security Agreement

Exhibit IV Form of Trademark Security Agreement

 

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FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGREEMENT dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited company (the “Borrower”), the other GRANTORS from time to time party hereto, SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), and JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC (“Jefferies”), as First Lien Collateral Agent (in such capacity, the “First Lien Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Credit Agreement”) among Holdings, the Borrower, the Lenders and the Issuing Banks from time to time party thereto and Jefferies, as First Lien Administrative Agent.

WHEREAS, the Lenders and the Issuing Banks have agreed to extend credit to the Borrower subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement;

WHEREAS, the obligations of the Lenders and the Issuing Banks to extend such credit are conditioned upon, among other things, the execution and delivery of this Agreement; and

WHEREAS, the Grantors (other than the Borrower) are Affiliates of the Borrower, will derive substantial benefits from the extension of credit to the Borrower pursuant to the First Lien Credit Agreement and are willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders and the Issuing Banks to extend such credit.

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

Definitions

SECTION 1.01. Defined Terms. (a) Each capitalized term used but not defined herein shall have the meaning assigned thereto in the First Lien Credit Agreement; provided that each term defined in the New York UCC (as defined herein) and not defined in this Agreement or the First Lien Credit Agreement shall have the meaning specified in the New York UCC. The term “instrument” shall have the meaning specified in Article 9 of the New York UCC.

(b) The rules of construction specified in Sections 1.03 and 1.04 of the First Lien Credit Agreement also apply to this Agreement, mutatis mutandis.

SECTION 1.02. Other Defined Terms. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

Account Debtor” means any Person that is or may become obligated to any Grantor under, with respect to or on account of an Account, Chattel Paper or General Intangible.

Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.


Agreement States” means those states that have entered into Agreements for Co-operation with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission the (“NRC”) pursuant to Section 274b of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2011 et seq. (the “AEA”). The authority that each Agreement State has been delegated under AEA Section 274b is its Agreement State Authority (“Agreement State Authority”).

Applicable Nuclear Laws” means the AEA , and any related rules, regulations or administrative decisions of the NRC, including authority exercised by the Agreement States, pursuant to Agreement State Authority, in each case, to the extent concerning (i) the transfer of direct or indirect ownership or control of a licensee subject to such laws; or (ii) the ability to exercise direct or indirect control of a licensed activity under such laws, as applicable.

Article 9 Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01.

Borrower” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

Collateral” means Article 9 Collateral and Pledged Collateral.

Copyright Security Agreement” means the short-form Copyright Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit II hereto.

Copyright License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any use right under any Copyright now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that such other Person otherwise has the right to license, and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

Copyrights” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: (a) all copyrights in any work subject to the copyright laws of the United States, whether as author, assignee, transferee or otherwise and (b) all registrations and applications for registration of any such copyrights in the United States, including registrations, supplemental registrations and pending applications for registration in the United States Copyright Office, including, in the case of any Grantor, those set forth next to its name on Schedule III hereto.

Federal Securities Laws” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.02.

“First Lien Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

“First Lien Credit Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

Grantor Supplement” means an instrument in the form of Exhibit I hereto, or any other form approved by the First Lien Collateral Agent, and in each case reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Collateral Agent.

 

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Grantors” means (a) the Borrower, (b) Holdings, (c) each Subsidiary of the Borrower identified on Schedule I hereto and (d) each Intermediate Parent or other Subsidiary of Holdings that becomes a party to this Agreement as a Grantor on or after the date hereof.

Holdings” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

Intellectual Property” means, with respect to any Person, all intellectual property rights of every kind and nature, whether now or hereafter owned or licensed by any such Person, including such rights in inventions, Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks and Licenses, rights in trade secrets and know-how, rights in domain names, rights in confidential or proprietary technical, business or other information, and rights in software and databases.

License” means any Patent License, Trademark License or Copyright License.

New York UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the State of New York.

Patent License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any right to manufacture, use or sell any invention claimed in a Patent, now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that any other Person now or hereafter otherwise has the right to license, and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

Patent Security Agreement” means the short-form Patent Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit III hereto.

Patents” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: all letters patent of the United States and all registrations therefor and all applications for letters patent of the United States, including registrations and pending applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including those listed on Schedule III hereto.

Pledged Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01.

Pledged Debt Securities” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01.

Pledged Equity Interests” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01.

Pledged Securities” means any promissory notes, stock certificates, unit certificates, limited or unlimited liability membership certificates or other securities (to the extent certificated) now or hereafter included in the Pledged Collateral, including all certificates, instruments or other documents representing or evidencing any Pledged Collateral.

Security Interest” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01(a).

Trademark License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any right to use any Trademark now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that any other Person otherwise has the right to license and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

 

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Trademark Security Agreement” means the short-form Trademark Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit IV hereto.

Trademarks” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: (a) all trademarks, service marks, trade names, corporate names, company names, trade dress, logos and other similar source identifiers, in each case subject to the trademark laws of the United States now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired, all registrations therefor, and all registrations and applications filed in connection therewith in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including, in the case of any Grantor, any of the foregoing set forth next to its name on Schedule III hereto and, (b) all goodwill associated with the use of and symbolized by the items in category (a) of this definition.

UCC” shall mean the New York UCC; provided, however, that, at any time, if by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the perfection or priority of the First Lien Collateral Agent’s and the Secured Parties’ security interest in any item or portion of the Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a jurisdiction other than the State of New York, the term “UCC” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect, at such time, in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection or priority and for purposes of definitions relating to such provisions.

ARTICLE II

Pledge of Securities

SECTION 2.01. Pledge. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, each Grantor hereby collaterally assigns and pledges to the First Lien Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and hereby grants to the First Lien Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest in, all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under:

(a) (i) the Equity Interests owned by such Grantor on the date hereof, including those listed opposite the name of such Grantor on Schedule II hereto, (ii) any other Equity Interests obtained in the future by such Grantor and (iii) the certificates or other instruments representing all such Equity Interests (if any) (collectively, the “Pledged Equity Interests”); provided that the Pledged Equity Interests shall not include any Excluded Equity Interests;

(b) (i) the debt securities owned by such Grantor on the date hereof, including those listed opposite the name of such Grantor on Schedule II hereto, (ii) any debt securities in the future issued to or otherwise acquired by such Grantor and (iii) the promissory notes and any other instruments evidencing all such debt securities (collectively, the “Pledged Debt Securities”); provided that, such Pledged Debt Securities shall not include any Pledged Debt Securities constituting Excluded Assets;

 

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(c) subject to Section 2.05, all payments of principal or interest, dividends, cash, instruments and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of, in exchange for or upon the conversion of, and all other Proceeds received in respect of, the securities referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above;

(d) subject to Section 2.05, all rights and privileges of such Grantor with respect to the securities and other property referred to in clauses (a), (b) and (c) above; and

(e) all Proceeds of any of the foregoing to the extent such Proceeds would constitute property referred to in clauses (a) through (d) above (the items referred to in clauses (a) through (e) above being collectively referred to as the “Pledged Collateral”).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the pledge under this Section 2.01 attach to any Excluded Asset.

SECTION 2.02. Delivery of the Pledged Collateral. (a) Each Grantor agrees to deliver or cause to be delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent (i) on the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement, any Pledged Securities owned by such Grantor on such date, and (ii) promptly (and in any event within 45 days after receipt by such Grantor or such longer period agreed to by the First Lien Collateral Agent in its reasonable discretion) after the acquisition thereof, any such Pledged Securities acquired by such Grantor after the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement.

(b) Except as otherwise addressed in Section 3.03(b) herein, as promptly as practicable (and in any event within 45 days (or such longer period agreed to by the First Lien Collateral Agent in its reasonable discretion) after the later of (x) receipt thereof by such Grantor or (y) the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement (whether on the date hereof or pursuant to Section 5.14)), each Grantor will cause any Indebtedness for borrowed money (including in respect of cash management arrangements) that is owed to such Grantor by any Person in a principal amount of $20,000,000 or more individually to be evidenced by a duly executed promissory note that is pledged and delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to the terms hereof.

(c) Upon delivery to the First Lien Collateral Agent, (i) Pledged Securities shall be accompanied by undated stock or note powers, as applicable, duly executed in blank or other undated instruments of transfer duly executed in blank and reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Collateral Agent and by such other instruments and documents as the First Lien Collateral Agent may reasonably request and (ii) all other property comprising part of the Pledged Collateral shall be accompanied by undated proper instruments of assignment duly executed in blank by the applicable Grantor and such other instruments and documents as the First Lien Collateral Agent may reasonably request. Each delivery of Pledged Securities shall be accompanied by a schedule describing such Pledged Securities, which schedule shall be deemed attached to, and shall supplement, Schedule II hereto and be made a part hereof; provided that failure to provide any such schedule hereto shall not affect the validity of such pledge of such Pledged Securities. Each schedule so delivered shall supplement any prior schedules so delivered.

 

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SECTION 2.03. Representations, Warranties and Covenants. The Grantors jointly and severally represent, warrant and covenant to and with the First Lien Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, that:

(a) as of the date hereof, Schedule II hereto sets forth a true and complete list, with respect to each Grantor, of (i) all the Pledged Equity Interests owned by such Grantor in the Borrower, any Intermediate Parent or any other Subsidiary and the percentage of the issued and outstanding units of each class of the Equity Interests of the issuer thereof represented by the Pledged Equity Interests owned by such Grantor and (ii) all the Pledged Debt Securities owned by such Grantor;

(b) the Pledged Equity Interests and the Pledged Debt Securities have been duly and validly authorized and issued by the issuers thereof and (i) in the case of Pledged Equity Interests, are fully paid and nonassessable and (ii) in the case of Pledged Debt Securities, are legal, valid and binding obligations of the issuers thereof, except to the extent that enforceability of such obligations may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, and other similar laws affecting creditor’s rights generally; provided that the foregoing representations, insofar as they relate to the Pledged Collateral issued by a Person other than Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary, are made to the knowledge of the Grantors;

(c) except for the security interests granted hereunder and under any other Loan Documents, each of the Grantors (i) is and, subject to any transfers made in compliance with the First Lien Credit Agreement, will continue to be the direct owner, beneficially and of record, of the Pledged Securities indicated on Schedule II hereto as owned by such Grantor, (ii) holds the same free and clear of all Liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement and transfers made in compliance with the First Lien Credit Agreement, (iii) will make no further assignment, pledge, hypothecation or transfer of, or create or permit to exist any security interest in or other Lien on, the Pledged Collateral, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement and transfers made in compliance with the First Lien Credit Agreement, and (iv) will use commercially reasonable efforts to defend its title or interest thereto or therein against any and all Liens (other than the Liens created by this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement), however arising, of all Persons whomsoever;

(d) except for restrictions and limitations imposed or permitted by the Loan Documents, Applicable Nuclear Laws or securities laws generally, the Pledged Equity Interests and, to the extent issued by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary, the Pledged Debt Securities are and will continue to be freely transferable and assignable, and none of the Pledged Equity Interests and, to the extent issued by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary, none of the Pledged Debt Securities are or will be subject to any option, right of first refusal, shareholders agreement or Organizational Document provisions of any nature that might prohibit, impair, delay or otherwise affect in any manner adverse to the Secured Parties in any material respect the pledge of such Pledged Collateral hereunder, the sale or disposition thereof pursuant hereto or the exercise by the First Lien Collateral Agent of rights and remedies hereunder;

 

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(e) each of the Grantors has the power and authority to pledge the Pledged Collateral pledged by it hereunder in the manner hereby done or contemplated;

(f) by virtue of the execution and delivery by the Grantors of this Agreement, when any Pledged Securities are delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent in accordance with this Agreement, the First Lien Collateral Agent will obtain a legal, valid and perfected lien upon and security interest in such Pledged Securities, free of any adverse claims, under the New York UCC to the extent such lien and security interest may be created and perfected under the New York UCC, as security for the payment and performance of the Secured Obligations; and

(g) subject to the terms of this Agreement and to the extent permitted by applicable law, each Grantor hereby agrees that upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, it will comply with the instructions of the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the Equity Interests in such Grantor that constitute Pledged Equity hereunder that are not certificated without further consent by the applicable owner or holder of such Equity Interests.

SECTION 2.04. Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing and the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing of its intent to exercise such rights, the First Lien Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, shall have the right (in its sole and absolute discretion) to hold the Pledged Securities in the name of the applicable Grantor, endorsed or assigned in blank or in favor of the First Lien Collateral Agent or in its own name as pledgee or in the name of its nominee (as pledgee or as sub-agent), and each Grantor will promptly give to the First Lien Collateral Agent copies of any notices or other communications received by it with respect to Pledged Securities registered in the name of such Grantor. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall at all times have the right to exchange the certificates representing Pledged Securities for certificates of smaller or larger denominations for any reasonable purpose consistent with this Agreement.

SECTION 2.05. Voting Rights; Dividends and Interest. (a) Unless and until an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing and the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing that their rights under this Section 2.05 are being suspended:

(i) each Grantor shall be entitled to exercise any and all voting and/or other consensual rights and powers inuring to an owner of Pledged Securities or any part thereof for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement, the First Lien Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents; provided that such rights and powers shall not be exercised in any manner that could materially and adversely affect the rights inuring to a holder of any Pledged Securities or the rights and remedies of any of the First Lien Administrative Agent or the other Secured Parties under this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the ability of the Secured Parties to exercise the same, unless such exercise of rights and powers is in connection with an action permitted under the First Lien Credit Agreement;

(ii) the First Lien Collateral Agent shall promptly execute and deliver to each Grantor, or cause to be promptly executed and delivered to such Grantor, all such proxies, powers of attorney and other instruments as such Grantor may reasonably request for the purpose of enabling such Grantor to exercise the voting and/or consensual rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section; and

 

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(iii) each Grantor shall be entitled to receive and retain any and all dividends, interest, principal, premium and other distributions paid on or distributed in respect of the Pledged Securities to the extent and only to the extent that such dividends, interest, principal, premium and other distributions are permitted by, and are otherwise paid or distributed in accordance with, the terms and conditions of the First Lien Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and applicable laws; provided that any noncash dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that would constitute Pledged Equity Interests or Pledged Debt Securities, whether resulting from a subdivision, combination or reclassification of the outstanding Equity Interests in the issuer of any Pledged Securities or received in exchange for Pledged Securities or any part thereof, or in redemption thereof, or as a result of any merger, consolidation, acquisition or other exchange of assets to which such issuer may be a party or otherwise, shall be and become part of the Pledged Collateral and, if received by any Grantor, shall be held in trust for the benefit of the First Lien Administrative Agent and the other Secured Parties and shall be forthwith delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsements, stock or note powers and other instruments of transfer reasonably requested by the First Lien Collateral Agent). So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall promptly deliver to each Grantor any Pledged Securities in its possession if requested to be delivered to the issuer thereof in connection with any sale, transfer, disposition, exchange or redemption of such Pledged Securities permitted by the First Lien Credit Agreement in accordance with this Section 2.05(a)(iii), subject to receipt by the First Lien Collateral Agent of a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower with respect thereto and other documents reasonably requested by the First Lien Collateral Agent.

(b) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05, all rights of any Grantor to dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that such Grantor is authorized to receive pursuant to paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05 shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the First Lien Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to receive and retain such dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions; provided that, if and to the extent directed by the Required Lenders, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit the Grantors to exercise such rights. All dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions received by any Grantor upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default contrary to the provisions of this Section 2.05 shall be held for the benefit of the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and shall be segregated from other property or funds of such Grantor and shall be forthwith delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent upon demand in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsements, stock or note powers and other instruments of transfer reasonably requested by the First Lien Collateral Agent). Any and all money and other property paid over to or received by the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph (b) shall be retained by the First Lien Collateral Agent in an account to be established by the First Lien Collateral Agent upon receipt of such

 

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money or other property and shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.03 of the First Lien Credit Agreement. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived and the Borrower has delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower to that effect, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall promptly repay to each Grantor (without interest) all dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that such Grantor would otherwise be permitted to retain pursuant to the terms of paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05 and that remain in such account.

(c) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05, all rights of any Grantor to exercise the voting and consensual rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05, and the obligations of the First Lien Collateral Agent under paragraph (a)(ii) of this Section 2.05, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the First Lien Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to exercise such voting and consensual rights and powers; provided that, unless otherwise directed by the Required Lenders, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time following and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit the Grantors to exercise such rights. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived and the Borrower has delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower to that effect, all rights vested in the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to this paragraph (c) shall cease, and the Grantors shall have the exclusive right to exercise the voting and consensual rights and powers they would otherwise be entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05.

(d) Any notice given by the First Lien Collateral Agent to the Grantors, as applicable, suspending their rights under paragraph (a) of this Section 2.05 (i) may be given by telephone if promptly confirmed in writing, (ii) may be given with respect to one or more of the Grantors at the same or different times and (iii) may suspend the rights of the Grantors under paragraph (a)(i) or paragraph (a)(iii) in part without suspending all such rights (as specified by the First Lien Collateral Agent in its sole and absolute discretion) and without waiving or otherwise affecting the First Lien Collateral Agent’s rights to give additional notices from time to time suspending other rights; provided that the First Lien Collateral Agent shall only give any such notice if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

SECTION 2.06. Article 8 Opt-In. No Grantor shall take any action to cause any membership interest, partnership interest, or other equity interest of any limited liability company or limited partnership owned or controlled by any Grantor comprising Collateral to be or become a “security” within the meaning of, or to be governed by Article 8 of the UCC as in effect under the laws of any state having jurisdiction and shall not cause or permit any such limited liability company or limited partnership to “opt in” or to take any other action seeking to establish any membership interest, partnership interest or other equity interest of such limited liability company or limited partnership comprising the Collateral as a “security” or to become certificated, in each case, without delivering all certificates evidencing such interest to the First Lien Collateral Agent in accordance with and as required by Section 2.02.

 

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ARTICLE III

Security Interests in Personal Property

SECTION 3.01. Security Interest. (a) As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, each Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under any and all of the following assets now owned or at any time hereafter acquired by such Grantor or in which such Grantor now has or at any time in the future may acquire any right, title or interest, regardless of where located (collectively, the “Article 9 Collateral”):

(i) all Accounts;

(ii) all Chattel Paper;

(iii) all Deposit Accounts;

(iv) all Documents;

(v) all Equipment;

(vi) all General Intangibles, including all Intellectual Property;

(vii) all Instruments;

(viii) all Inventory;

(ix) all other Goods;

(x) all Investment Property;

(xi) all Letter-of-Credit Rights;

(xii) all Commercial Tort Claims specifically described on Schedule IV hereto, as such schedule may be supplemented from time to time pursuant to Section 3.04(c);

(xiii) all books and records pertaining to the Article 9 Collateral; and

(xiv) to the extent not otherwise included, all Proceeds and products of any and all of the foregoing and all Supporting Obligations, collateral security and guarantees given by any Person with respect to any of the foregoing;

provided that in no event shall the Security Interest attach to (A) any Excluded Asset (including any Excluded Equity Interest), or (B) any asset owned by any Grantor that the Borrower and the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have agreed in writing to exclude from being Article 9 Collateral on account of the cost of creating a security interest in such asset hereunder being excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Secured Parties therefrom. It is understood that, to the extent the Security Interest shall not have attached to any such asset as a result of clauses (A) or

 

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(B) above, the term “Article 9 Collateral” shall not include any such asset; provided, however, that Article 9 Collateral shall include any Proceeds, substitutions or replacements of any of the foregoing (unless such Proceeds, substitutions or replacements would constitute property referred to in clauses (A) or (B)).

(b) Each Grantor hereby irrevocably authorizes the First Lien Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties at any time and from time to time to file in any relevant U.S. jurisdiction any financing statements, with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof and amendments thereto that (i) describe the collateral covered thereby in any manner that the First Lien Collateral Agent reasonably determines is necessary or advisable to ensure the perfection of the security interest in the Collateral granted under this Agreement, including indicating the Collateral as “all assets” of such Grantor or words of similar effect, and (ii) contain the information required by Article 9 of the UCC for the filing of any financing statement or amendment, including whether such Grantor is an organization, the type of organization and, if required, any organizational identification number issued to such Grantor. Each Grantor agrees to provide such information to the First Lien Collateral Agent promptly upon request.

The First Lien Collateral Agent is further authorized to file the Copyright Security Agreement, Patent Security Agreement and Trademark Security Agreement with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office in the United States, but not any office in any other country), as applicable, and any such additional documents pursuant to Section 3.05(b) as may be reasonably necessary or advisable for the purpose of perfecting, confirming, continuing, enforcing or protecting the Security Interest in Article 9 Collateral consisting of Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights registered or applied-for in the United States, granted by each Grantor and naming any Grantor or the Grantors as debtors and the First Lien Collateral Agent as Secured Party.

(c) The Security Interest and the security interest granted pursuant to Article II are granted as security only and shall not subject the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to, or in any way alter or modify, any obligation or liability of any Grantor with respect to or arising out of the Collateral.

SECTION 3.02. Representations and Warranties. The Grantors jointly and severally represent and warrant to the First Lien Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, that:

(a) each Grantor has good title or valid leasehold interests in the Article 9 Collateral (except for Intellectual Property) with respect to which it has purported to grant a Security Interest hereunder free and clear of any Liens, (i) except for Liens expressly permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement and (ii) except for minor defects in title that do not interfere with its ability to conduct its business as currently conducted or as proposed to be conducted or to utilize such properties for their intended purposes, in each case to the extent the failure to have such good title or valid leasehold interest could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and has full power and authority to grant to the First Lien Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, the Security Interest in such Article 9 Collateral pursuant hereto and to execute, deliver and perform its obligations in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, without the consent or approval of any other Person other than any consent or approval that has been obtained and except to the extent that failure to obtain or make such consent or approval, as the case may be, individually or in aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

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(b) the Perfection Certificate has been duly prepared, completed and executed and the information set forth therein, including the exact legal name and jurisdiction of organization of each Grantor, is correct and complete in all material respects as of the Effective Date. The UCC financing statements or other appropriate filings, recordings or registrations prepared by the First Lien Collateral Agent based upon the information provided to the First Lien Collateral Agent in the Perfection Certificate for filing in each governmental, municipal or other office specified in Schedule 6 to the Perfection Certificate (or specified by notice from the Borrower to the First Lien Collateral Agent after the Effective Date in the case of filings, recordings or registrations required by Section 5.03 or Section 5.12 of the First Lien Credit Agreement), are all the filings, recordings and registrations (other than filings, recordings and registrations, if any, required to be made in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office in order to perfect the Security Interest in Article 9 Collateral consisting of United States Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights) that are necessary to establish a legal, valid and perfected security interest in favor of the First Lien Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in respect of all Article 9 Collateral in which the Security Interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registration in the United States, and as of the date hereof, no further or subsequent filing, refiling, recording, rerecording, registration or reregistration is necessary, except as provided under applicable law with respect to the filing of continuation statements (other than such actions as are necessary to perfect the Security Interest with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights filed, acquired or developed by a Grantor after the date hereof). The Grantors represent and warrant that, if applicable, a fully executed Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement and Copyright Security Agreement, in each case containing a list of the Article 9 Collateral consisting of United States registered Patents, United States registered Trademarks and United States registered Copyrights (and applications for any of the foregoing), as applicable, and executed by each Grantor owning any such Article 9 Collateral, have been delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent for recording with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, to establish a legal, valid and perfected security interest in favor of the First Lien Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in respect of all Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered and applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights in which a security interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registration in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, and no further or subsequent filing, refiling, recording, rerecording, registration or reregistration is necessary (other than (i) the UCC financing and continuation statements contemplated in this Section 3.02(b), and (ii) such filings and actions as are necessary to perfect the Security Interest with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights acquired or developed by any Grantor after the date hereof);

(c) the Security Interest constitutes (i) a legal and valid security interest in all the Article 9 Collateral securing the payment and performance of the Secured Obligations, and (ii) subject to the filings described in paragraph (b) of this Section 3.02 (including payment of applicable fees in connection therewith), a perfected security interest in all Article 9 Collateral in which a security interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registering a financing statement

 

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or analogous document in the applicable jurisdiction in the United States pursuant to the UCC, and (iii) subject to the filings described in paragraph (b) of this Section 3.02, a perfected security interest in all Article 9 Collateral in which a security interest may be perfected upon the receipt and recording of a Patent Security Agreement, a Trademark Security Agreement or a Copyright Security Agreement with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable. The Security Interest is and shall be prior to any other Lien on any of the Article 9 Collateral, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement;

(d) as of the Effective Date, Schedule III hereto sets forth a true and complete list, with respect to each Grantor, of (i) all of such Grantor’s Patents and Trademarks applied for or issued or registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including the name of the registered owner or applicant and the registration, application, or publication number, as applicable, of each such Patent or Trademark and (ii) all of such Grantor’s Copyrights applied for or registered with the United States Copyright Office, including the name of the registered owner and the registration number of each such Copyright; and

(e) none of the Grantors has filed or consented to (i) the filing of any financing statement or analogous document, in each case with respect to a Lien, under the UCC or any other applicable laws covering any Article 9 Collateral, or (ii) any assignment in which any Grantor assigns any Article 9 Collateral or any security agreement or similar instrument covering any Article 9 Collateral with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, except, in each case, for Liens expressly permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

SECTION 3.03. Covenants. (a) Each Grantor shall, at its own expense, take any and all commercially reasonable actions necessary to (i) defend title to the Article 9 Collateral (other than Intellectual Property, which is governed by Section 3.05) against all Persons, except with respect to Article 9 Collateral that such Grantor determines in its reasonable business judgment is no longer necessary or beneficial to the conduct of such Grantor’s business, and (ii) defend the Security Interest of the First Lien Collateral Agent in the Article 9 Collateral and the priority thereof against any Lien, in each case subject to (w) the terms of any applicable intercreditor agreement contemplated by the First Lien Credit Agreement, (x) Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement, (y) transfers made in compliance with the First Lien Credit Agreement and (z) the rights of such Grantor under Section 9.14 of the First Lien Credit Agreement and corresponding provisions of the Security Documents to obtain a release of the Liens created under the Security Documents.

(b) Each Grantor agrees, at its own expense, to execute, acknowledge, deliver and cause to be duly filed all such further instruments and documents and take all such actions as the First Lien Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request to obtain, preserve, protect and perfect the Security Interest and the rights and remedies created hereby, including the payment of any reasonable and documented or invoiced out-of-pocket fees and Taxes required in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the granting of the Security Interest and the filing of any financing statements or other documents in connection herewith or therewith; provided, however, that with respect to Intellectual Property, Grantors shall have no obligation, subject to Section 3.05(a) hereunder, to file any document or undertake any actions outside the

 

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United States or pursuant to any laws other than the laws of the United States. If any amount payable to any Grantor under or in connection with any of the Article 9 Collateral shall be or become evidenced by any promissory note (which may be a global note) or other instrument (other than any promissory note or other instrument in an aggregate principal amount of less than $20,000,000 owed to the applicable Grantor by any Person), such note or instrument shall be promptly delivered (but in any event within 45 days of receipt by such Grantor or such longer period as the First Lien Collateral Agent may agree in its reasonable discretion) to the First Lien Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, together with an undated instrument of transfer duly executed in blank and in a manner reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Collateral Agent.

(c) At its option, the First Lien Collateral Agent may, with three (3) Business Day’s prior written notice to the Borrower, discharge past due taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances at any time levied or placed on the Article 9 Collateral and not permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement, and may pay for the maintenance and preservation of the Article 9 Collateral to the extent any Grantor fails to do so as required by the First Lien Credit Agreement, this Agreement or any other Loan Document and within a reasonable period of time after the First Lien Collateral Agent has requested that it do so, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to reimburse the First Lien Collateral Agent, within 10 days after demand, for any reasonable payment made or expense incurred by the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to the foregoing authorization in accordance with Section 5.03(a); provided that nothing in this paragraph shall be interpreted as excusing any Grantor from the performance of, or imposing any obligation on the First Lien Collateral Agent or any Secured Party to cure or perform, any covenants or other promises of any Grantor with respect to taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances and maintenance as set forth herein or in the other Loan Documents.

(d) Each Grantor shall remain liable, as between such Grantor and the relevant counterparty under each contract, agreement or instrument relating to the Article 9 Collateral, to observe and perform all the conditions and obligations to be observed and performed by it under such contract, agreement or instrument, all in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties from and against any and all liability for such performance.

(e) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, it is understood that no Grantor shall be required by this Agreement to better assure, preserve, protect or perfect the Security Interest created hereunder by any means other than (i) filings (including financing statements) pursuant to the UCC in the office of the Secretary of State (or similar central filing office) of the relevant states or other jurisdictions, (ii) filings with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office), in respect of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights, (iii) in the case of Collateral that constitutes Pledged Securities, Instruments, certificated securities (in each case not credited to a Securities Account), Tangible Chattel Paper or Negotiable Documents (other than those Instruments or Negotiable Documents held in the ordinary course of business), delivery thereof to the First Lien Collateral Agent in accordance with the terms hereof (together with, where applicable, undated stock or note powers or other undated proper instruments of assignment) and (iv) other actions to the extent required by

 

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Section 3.03(b) (solely with respect to the second sentence thereof) or Section 3.04 hereunder. No Grantor shall be required to (i) complete any filings or other action with respect to the better assurance, preservation, protection or perfection of the security interests created hereby in any jurisdiction outside of the United States or enter into any security document governed by the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States, or to reimburse the First Lien Administrative Agent for any costs incurred in connection with the same or (ii) deliver control agreements with respect to, or confer perfection by “control” over, any Deposit Accounts, Securities Accounts or Commodity Accounts.

(f) In the event that any Grantor at any time or times shall fail to obtain or maintain any of the policies of insurance required under Section 5.07 of the First Lien Credit Agreement or to pay any premium in whole or part relating thereto, the First Lien Collateral Agent may, without waiving or releasing any obligation or liability of the Grantors hereunder or any Default or Event of Default, in its sole discretion, obtain and maintain such policies of insurance and pay such premium and take any other actions with respect thereto as the First Lien Collateral Agent reasonably deems advisable. All sums disbursed by the First Lien Collateral Agent in connection with this paragraph, including reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees, court costs, expenses and other charges relating thereto, shall be payable, within 10 days of demand, by the Grantors to the First Lien Collateral Agent and shall be additional Secured Obligations secured hereby.

SECTION 3.04. Other Actions. In order to further insure the attachment, perfection and priority of, and the ability of the First Lien Collateral Agent to enforce, the Security Interest, each Grantor agrees, in each case at such Grantor’s own expense, to take the following actions with respect to the following Article 9 Collateral:

(a) Instruments. If any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any Instruments (other than Instruments with a face amount of less than $20,000,000 individually and other than checks to be deposited in the ordinary course of business), such Grantor shall promptly (but in any event within 45 days of receipt by such Grantor or such longer period as the First Lien Collateral Agent may agree in its reasonable discretion) endorse, assign and deliver the same to the First Lien Collateral Agent, accompanied by such undated instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as the First Lien Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request.

(b) Investment Property. Except to the extent otherwise provided in Article II, if any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any certificated securities (other than certificated securities with a value of less than $20,000,000 individually), such Grantor shall forthwith endorse, assign and deliver the same to the First Lien Collateral Agent, accompanied by such undated instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as the First Lien Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request.

(c) Commercial Tort Claims. If any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire a Commercial Tort Claim (in respect of which a complaint or counterclaim has been filed by or on behalf of such Grantor) seeking damages in an amount reasonably estimated to exceed $20,000,000, such Grantor shall promptly notify the First Lien Collateral Agent thereof in a writing signed by such Grantor, including a summary description of such claim, and Schedule IV hereto shall be deemed to be supplemented to include such description of such Commercial Tort Claim as set forth in such writing.

 

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SECTION 3.05. Covenants Regarding Patent, Trademark and Copyright Collateral. (a) Except to the extent a failure to act under this Section 3.05(a) could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect of the type referred to in clause (a) or (b) of the definition of such term in the First Lien Credit Agreement, with respect to the registration or pending application of each item of its Intellectual Property for which such Grantor has standing and ability to do so, each Grantor agrees to take commercially reasonable steps to (i) maintain the validity and enforceability of any United States registered Intellectual Property (or applications therefor) that is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business and to maintain such registrations and applications of such Intellectual Property in full force and effect and (ii) pursue the registration and maintenance of each patent, trademark or copyright registration or application included in the Intellectual Property of such Grantor that is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business. Grantor shall take commercially reasonable steps to defend title to and ownership of any Intellectual Property that is owned by such Grantor and is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 3.05 shall prevent any Grantor from disposing of, discontinuing the use or maintenance of, abandoning, failing to pursue or enforce or otherwise allowing to lapse, terminate, be invalidated or put into the public domain any of its registered or applied-for Intellectual Property that is no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, or if such Grantor determines in its reasonable business judgment that such discontinuance or such other action is desirable in the conduct of its business.

(b) Each Grantor agrees that, should it obtain an ownership or other interest in any Intellectual Property after the Effective Date (i) the provisions of this Agreement shall automatically apply thereto and (ii) any such Intellectual Property shall automatically become Intellectual Property subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, except, with respect to each of (i) and (ii) above, if such Intellectual Property is acquired under a license from a third party under which a security interest would not be permitted. For the avoidance of doubt, a security interest shall not be granted in any Intellectual Property that constitutes an Excluded Asset.

(c) Each Grantor, either itself or through any agent, employee, licensee or designee, shall (i) whenever a certificate is delivered or required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.03(b) of the First Lien Credit Agreement, deliver to the First Lien Collateral Agent a schedule setting forth all of such Grantor’s registered and applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights that are not listed on Schedule III hereto or on a schedule previously provided to the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 3.05(c), and (ii) within a reasonable time following the request of the First Lien Collateral Agent, but in any event, not more than three times per fiscal year, execute and deliver a Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement, as applicable, or an amendment to a pre-existing Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement, as applicable, in respect of such Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights.

 

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ARTICLE IV

Remedies

SECTION 4.01. Remedies upon Default. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, each Grantor agrees to deliver, on demand, each item of Collateral to the First Lien Collateral Agent or any Person designated by the First Lien Collateral Agent, and it is agreed that the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have the right subject to Applicable Nuclear Laws to take any of or all the following actions at the same or different times: (a) with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of Intellectual Property, on demand, to cause the Security Interest to become an assignment, transfer and conveyance of any of or all such Article 9 Collateral by the applicable Grantors to the First Lien Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, or to license, whether on an exclusive or nonexclusive basis, any such Article 9 Collateral throughout the world on such terms and conditions and in such manner as the First Lien Collateral Agent shall determine (other than in violation of any then-existing licensing arrangements or other agreement to the extent that waivers cannot be obtained), but in any event, on a revocable basis under terms whereby such license should terminate immediately upon cure of an Event of Default in connection with exercise of its remedies hereunder, and (b) with or without legal process and with or without prior notice or demand for performance, to take possession of the Article 9 Collateral and the Pledged Collateral and without liability for trespass to enter any premises where the Article 9 Collateral or the Pledged Collateral may be located for the purpose of taking possession of or removing the Article 9 Collateral and the Pledged Collateral and, generally, to exercise any and all rights afforded to a secured party under the UCC or other applicable law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Grantor agrees that the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have the right, subject to the mandatory requirements of applicable law and the notice requirements described below, to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the Collateral at a public or private sale or at any broker’s board or on any securities exchange, for cash, upon credit or for future delivery as the First Lien Collateral Agent shall deem appropriate. The First Lien Collateral Agent shall be authorized at any such sale of securities (if it deems it advisable to do so) to restrict the prospective bidders or purchasers to Persons who will represent and agree that they are purchasing the Collateral for their own account for investment and not with a view to the distribution or sale thereof, and upon consummation of any such sale the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have the right to assign, transfer and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the Collateral so sold. Each such purchaser at any sale of Collateral shall hold the property sold absolutely free from any claim or right on the part of any Grantor, and each Grantor hereby waives (to the extent permitted by law) all rights of redemption, stay and appraisal that such Grantor now has or may at any time in the future have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted.

The First Lien Collateral Agent shall give the applicable Grantors no less than 10 days’ prior written notice (which each Grantor agrees is reasonable notice within the meaning of Section 9-611 of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions) of the First Lien Collateral Agent’s intention to make any sale of Collateral. Such notice, in the case of a public sale, shall state the time and place for such sale and, in the case of a sale at a broker’s board or on a securities exchange, shall state the board or exchange at which such sale is to be made and the day on which the Collateral or portion thereof, will first be offered for sale at such board or exchange. Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours

 

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and at such place or places as the First Lien Collateral Agent may fix and state in the notice (if any) of such sale. At any such sale, the Collateral, or portion thereof, to be sold may be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate parcels, as the First Lien Collateral Agent may (in its sole and absolute discretion) determine. The First Lien Collateral Agent shall not be obligated to make any sale of any Collateral if it shall determine not to do so, regardless of the fact that notice of sale of such Collateral shall have been given. The First Lien Collateral Agent may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time and place to which the same was so adjourned. In case any sale of all or any part of the Collateral is made on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by the First Lien Collateral Agent until the sale price is paid by the purchaser or purchasers thereof, but the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall not incur any liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to take up and pay for the Collateral so sold and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may be sold again upon like notice. At any public (or, to the extent permitted by law, private) sale made pursuant to this Agreement, any Secured Party may bid for or purchase, free (to the extent permitted by law) from any right of redemption, stay, valuation or appraisal on the part of any Grantor (all said rights being also hereby waived and released to the extent permitted by law), the Collateral or any part thereof offered for sale and may make payment on account thereof by using any claim then due and payable to such Secured Party from any Grantor as a credit against the purchase price, and such Secured Party may, upon compliance with the terms of sale, hold, retain and dispose of such property without further accountability to any Grantor therefor. For purposes hereof, a written agreement to purchase the Collateral or any portion thereof shall be treated as a sale thereof; the First Lien Collateral Agent shall be free to carry out such sale pursuant to such agreement and no Grantor shall be entitled to the return of the Collateral or any portion thereof subject thereto, notwithstanding the fact that after the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have entered into such an agreement all Events of Default shall have been remedied and the Secured Obligations paid in full. As an alternative to exercising the power of sale herein conferred upon it, the First Lien Collateral Agent may proceed by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose this Agreement and to sell the Collateral or any portion thereof pursuant to a judgment or decree of a court or courts having competent jurisdiction or pursuant to a proceeding by a court-appointed receiver. Any sale pursuant to the provisions of this Section 4.01 shall be deemed to conform to the commercial reasonableness standards as provided in Section 9-610(b) of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions.

SECTION 4.02. Securities Act. In view of the position of the Grantors in relation to the Pledged Collateral, or because of other current or future circumstances, a question may arise under the Securities Act of 1933, as now or hereafter in effect, or any similar statute hereafter enacted analogous in purpose or effect (such act and any such similar statute as from time to time in effect being called the “Federal Securities Laws”) with respect to any disposition of the Pledged Collateral permitted hereunder. Each Grantor understands that compliance with the Federal Securities Laws might very strictly limit the course of conduct of the First Lien Collateral Agent if the First Lien Collateral Agent were to attempt to dispose of all or any part of the Pledged Collateral, and might also limit the extent to which or the manner in which any subsequent transferee of any Pledged Collateral could dispose of the same. Similarly, there may be other legal restrictions or limitations affecting the First Lien Collateral Agent in any attempt to dispose of all or part of the Pledged Collateral under applicable blue sky or other state securities laws or similar laws analogous in purpose or effect. Each Grantor recognizes that in light of such restrictions and limitations

 

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the First Lien Collateral Agent may, with respect to any sale of the Pledged Collateral, limit the purchasers to those who will agree, among other things, to acquire such Pledged Collateral for their own account, for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that in light of such restrictions and limitations, the First Lien Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, (a) may proceed to make such a sale whether or not a registration statement for the purpose of registering such Pledged Collateral or part thereof shall have been filed under the Federal Securities Laws to the extent the First Lien Collateral Agent has determined that such a registration is not required by any Requirements of Law and (b) may approach and negotiate with a limited number of potential purchasers (including a single potential purchaser) to effect such sale. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that any such sale might result in prices and other terms less favorable to the seller than if such sale were a public sale without such restrictions. In the event of any such sale, the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall incur no responsibility or liability for selling all or any part of the Pledged Collateral at a price that the First Lien Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, may in good faith deem reasonable under the circumstances, notwithstanding the possibility that a substantially higher price might have been realized if the sale were deferred until after registration as aforesaid or if more than a limited number of purchasers (or a single purchaser) were approached. The provisions of this Section 4.02 will apply notwithstanding the existence of a public or private market upon which the quotations or sales prices may exceed substantially the price at which the First Lien Collateral Agent sells.

SECTION 4.03. Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property. For the exclusive purpose of enabling the First Lien Collateral Agent to exercise rights and remedies under this Agreement at such time as the First Lien Collateral Agent shall be lawfully entitled to exercise such rights and remedies, each Grantor shall, upon prior written request by the First Lien Collateral Agent at any time during the continuance of an Event of Default, grant to the First Lien Collateral Agent a nonexclusive, non-transferable irrevocable, royalty-free, limited license (until the termination or cure of the Event of Default) to use any of the Collateral consisting of Intellectual Property now owned or hereafter acquired by such Grantor, and wherever the same may be located, and including in such license reasonable access to all media in which any of the licensed items may be recorded or stored and to all computer software and programs used for the compilation or printout thereof; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 4.03 shall require Grantors to grant any license that is prohibited by any rule of law, statute or regulation, or is prohibited by, or constitutes a breach or default under or results in the termination of any contract, license, agreement, instrument or other document with respect to such Intellectual Property, or gives any third party any right of acceleration, modification, termination or cancellation in any such document, or otherwise unreasonably prejudices the value of such Intellectual Property to the relevant Grantor; provided further that such licenses to be granted hereunder with respect to Trademarks shall be subject to the First Lien Collateral Agent’s maintenance of quality standards with respect to the goods and services on which such Trademarks are used sufficient to preserve the validity of such Trademarks. For the avoidance of doubt, the use of such license by the First Lien Collateral Agent may be exercised solely during the continuation of an Event of Default and upon termination of the Event of Default; such license to the Intellectual Property shall automatically and immediately terminate and any Intellectual Property in the possession of the First Lien Collateral Agent shall be returned to such Grantor.

 

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Miscellaneous

SECTION 5.01. Notices. All communications and notices hereunder shall (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein) be in writing and given as provided in Section 9.01 of the First Lien Credit Agreement. All communications and notices hereunder to any Grantor shall be given to it in care of Holdings as provided in Section 9.01 of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

SECTION 5.02. Waivers; Amendment. (a) No failure or delay by the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the First Lien Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties hereunder and under the other Loan Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that the First Lien Collateral Agent or the other Secured Parties would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any Loan Party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section 5.02, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan or issuance of a Letter of Credit shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default hereunder, regardless of whether the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time. No notice or demand on any Loan Party in any case shall entitle any Loan Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.

(b) Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the First Lien Collateral Agent and the Grantor or Grantors with respect to which such waiver, amendment or modification is to apply, subject to any consent required in accordance with Section 9.02 of the First Lien Credit Agreement; provided that the First Lien Collateral Agent may, without the consent of any other Secured Party, consent to a departure by any Grantor from any covenant of such Grantor set forth herein to the extent such departure is consistent with the authority of the First Lien Collateral Agent set forth in the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” in the First Lien Credit Agreement.

SECTION 5.03. First Lien Collateral Agents Fees and Expenses; Indemnification. (a) Each Grantor, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, agrees to reimburse the First Lien Collateral Agent for its reasonable and documented or invoiced out-of-pocket fees and expenses incurred hereunder as provided in Section 9.03(a) of the First Lien Credit Agreement; provided that each reference therein to the “Borrower” shall be deemed to be a reference to “each Grantor” and each reference therein to the “First Lien Administrative Agent” shall be deemed to be a reference to the “First Lien Collateral Agent.”

(b) Without limitation of its indemnification obligations under the other Loan Documents, each Grantor, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, agrees to indemnify the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Indemnitees against, and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and reasonable and documented or invoiced

 

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out-of-pocket fees and expenses of one primary counsel and one local counsel in each relevant jurisdiction (and, in the case of a conflict of interest, where the Indemnitee affected by such conflict notifies the Borrower of the existence of such conflict and thereafter retains its own counsel, one additional counsel) for all Indemnitees (which may include a single special counsel acting in multiple jurisdictions), incurred by or asserted against any Indemnitee by any third party or by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether brought by a third party or by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities, costs or related expenses (x) resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee or its Related Parties (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment), (y) resulted from a material breach of the Loan Documents by such Indemnitee or its Related Parties (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment) or (z) arise from disputes between or among Indemnitees (other than disputes involving claims against the First Lien Administrative Agent, the First Lien Collateral Agent or the Joint Lead Arrangers, the Swingline Lender or any Issuing Bank, in each case, in their respective capacities) that do not involve an act or omission by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Borrower or any Subsidiary.

(c) To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, no Grantor shall assert, and each Grantor hereby waives, any claim against any Indemnitee (i) for any direct or actual damages arising from the use by unintended recipients of information or other materials distributed to such unintended recipients by such Indemnitee through telecommunications, electronic or other information transmission systems (including the Internet) in connection with this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such direct or actual damages are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of, or a material breach of the Loan Documents by, such Indemnitee or its Related Parties, or (ii) on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential, incidental, exemplary or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of this Agreement, any Loan Document or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, the Transactions, any Loan or Letter of Credit or the use of the proceeds thereof.

(d) The provisions of this Section 5.03 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, the repayment of any of the Secured Obligations, the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any investigation made by or on behalf of any Secured Party. All amounts due under this Section 5.03 shall be payable not later than 10 Business Days after written demand therefor; provided, however, any Indemnitee shall promptly refund an indemnification payment received hereunder to the extent that there is a final judicial determination that such Indemnitee was not entitled to indemnification with respect to such payment pursuant to this Section 5.03. Any such amounts payable as provided hereunder shall be additional Secured Obligations.

 

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SECTION 5.04. Successors and Assigns. Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the permitted successors and assigns of such party, and all covenants, promises and agreements by or on behalf of any Grantor or the First Lien Collateral Agent that are contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.

SECTION 5.05. Survival of Agreement. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Loan Parties in this Agreement or any other Loan Document and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Secured Parties and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Loan Documents and the making of any Loans and issuance of any Letters of Credit, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Secured Party and notwithstanding that the First Lien Collateral Agent, First Lien Administrative Agent, any Lender, any Issuing Bank or any other Secured Party may have had notice or knowledge of any Default or incorrect representation or warranty at the time any credit is extended under the First Lien Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document, and shall continue in full force and effect until the Termination Date has occurred, in each case, in accordance with and subject to the limitations set forth in Section 9.05 of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

SECTION 5.06. Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as to any Grantor when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Grantor shall have been delivered to the First Lien Collateral Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on behalf of the First Lien Collateral Agent, and thereafter shall be binding upon such Grantor and the First Lien Collateral Agent and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of such Grantor, the First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and their respective successors and assigns, except that no Grantor shall have the right to assign or transfer its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein (and any such assignment or transfer shall be void) except as expressly provided in this Agreement and the First Lien Credit Agreement. This Agreement shall be construed as a separate agreement with respect to each Grantor and may be amended, modified, supplemented, waived or released with respect to any Grantor without the approval of any other Grantor and without affecting the obligations of any other Grantor hereunder.

SECTION 5.07. Severability. Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.

 

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SECTION 5.08. Right of Set-off. If an Event of Default under the First Lien Credit Agreement shall have occurred and be continuing, each Lender, the Issuing Banks and each of their respective Affiliates is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final, in whatever currency) at any time held and other obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by such Lender, such Issuing Bank or any such Affiliate to or for the credit or the account of any Grantor against any of and all the obligations of such Grantor then due and owing under this Agreement held by such Lender or such Issuing Bank, irrespective of whether or not such Lender or such Issuing Bank shall have made any demand under this Agreement and although (i) such obligations may be contingent or unmatured and (ii) such obligations are owed to a branch or office of such Lender or such Issuing Bank different from the branch or office holding such deposit or obligated on such Indebtedness. The applicable Lender and Issuing Bank shall notify the applicable Grantor and the First Lien Collateral Agent of such setoff and application; provided that any failure to give or any delay in giving such notice shall not affect the validity of any such setoff and application under this Section 5.08. The rights of each Lender, each Issuing Bank and their respective Affiliates under this Section 5.08 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Lender, such Issuing Bank and their respective Affiliates may have.

SECTION 5.09. Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Appointment of Service of Process Agent. (a) This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

(b) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect any right that the First Lien Collateral Agent, the First Lien Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement against any Grantor or its respective properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.

(c) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any court referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

(d) Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 5.01. Nothing in any this Agreement will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.

 

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(e) Each Grantor hereby irrevocably designates, appoints and empowers the Borrower as its designee, appointee and agent to receive, accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf, and in respect of its property, service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents that may be served in any such action or proceeding and the Borrower hereby accepts such designation and appointment.

SECTION 5.10. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 5.10.

SECTION 5.11. Headings. Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.

SECTION 5.12. Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the First Lien Collateral Agent hereunder, the Security Interest, the grant of a security interest in the Pledged Collateral and all obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of the First Lien Credit Agreement, any other Loan Document, any agreement with respect to any of the Secured Obligations or any other agreement or instrument relating to any of the foregoing, (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Secured Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to any departure from the First Lien Credit Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other agreement or instrument, (c) any exchange, release or non-perfection of any Lien on other collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent under or departure from any guarantee securing or guaranteeing all or any of the Secured Obligations or (d) any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, any Grantor in respect of the Secured Obligations or this Agreement.

SECTION 5.13. Termination or Release. (a) This Agreement, the Security Interest and all other security interests granted hereby shall terminate automatically upon the occurrence of the Termination Date.

(b) The Security Interest and all other security interests granted hereby shall also automatically terminate and be released at the time or times and in the manner set forth in Section 9.14 of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

 

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(c) In connection with any termination or release pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to any Loan Party, at such Loan Party’s expense, all documents that such Loan Party shall reasonably request to evidence such termination or release so long as the applicable Loan Party shall have provided the First Lien Collateral Agent such certifications or documents as the First Lien Collateral Agent shall reasonably request in order to demonstrate compliance with this Section 5.13. Any execution and delivery of documents by the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section shall be without recourse to or warranty by the First Lien Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party.

SECTION 5.14. Additional Subsidiaries. The Grantors shall cause, consistent with the First Lien Credit Agreement, each Intermediate Parent and each Restricted Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary, or to the extent reasonably acceptable to the First Lien Collateral Agent, any other Restricted Subsidiary that the Borrower, at its option, elects to become a Grantor, to execute and deliver to the First Lien Collateral Agent a Grantor Supplement and a Perfection Certificate (or a supplement thereof) regarding such Intermediate Parent or Restricted Subsidiary within the time period provided in Section 5.11 of the First Lien Credit Agreement. Upon execution and delivery of such documents to the First Lien Collateral Agent, any such Intermediate Parent or Subsidiary shall become a Grantor, as applicable, hereunder with the same force and effect as if originally named as such herein. The execution and delivery of any such instrument or document shall not require the consent of any other Grantor hereunder. The rights and obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of any new Grantor as a party to this Agreement.

SECTION 5.15. First Lien Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact. Each Grantor hereby makes, constitutes and appoints the First Lien Collateral Agent (and all officers, employees or agents designated by the First Lien Collateral Agent) the attorney-in-fact of such Grantor for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and taking any action and executing any instrument that the First Lien Collateral Agent may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes hereof at any time after and during the continuance of an Event of Default, which appointment is irrevocable (until termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 5.13) and coupled with an interest. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the First Lien Collateral Agent shall have the right, but only upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default and, other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 7.01(h) or 7.01(i) of the First Lien Credit Agreement, written notice by the First Lien Collateral Agent to the Borrower of its intent to exercise such rights, with full power of substitution either in the First Lien Collateral Agent’s name or in the name of such Grantor: (a) to receive, indorse, assign and/or deliver any and all notes, acceptances, checks, drafts, money orders or other evidences of payment relating to the Collateral or any part thereof; (b) to demand, collect, receive payment of, give receipt for and give discharges and releases of all or any of the Collateral; (c) to sign the name of any Grantor on any invoice or bill of lading relating to any of the Collateral; (d) upon prior written notice to the Borrower (other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 7.01(h) or 7.01(i) of the First Lien Credit Agreement), to send verifications of accounts receivable to any Account Debtor; (e) to commence and prosecute any and all suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity in any court of competent jurisdiction to collect or otherwise realize on all or any of the Collateral or to enforce any rights in respect of any Collateral; (f) to settle, compromise, compound, adjust or defend any actions, suits or proceedings relating to all or any of the Collateral; (g) upon prior written notice to the Borrower (other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 7.01(h) or 7.01(i) of the First Lien Credit Agreement), to notify, or to require any Grantor to notify, Account Debtors to make payment directly to the First Lien Collateral Agent; (h) to use, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, make any agreement with respect

 

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to or otherwise deal with all or any of the Collateral, and to do all other acts and things necessary to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, as fully and completely as though the First Lien Collateral Agent were the absolute owner of the Collateral for all purposes, and (i) to make, settle and adjust claims in respect of Article 9 Collateral under policies of insurance, indorsing the name of such Grantor on any check, draft, instrument or other item of payment for the proceeds of such policies of insurance and for making all determinations and decisions with respect thereto; provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring or obligating the First Lien Collateral Agent to make any commitment or to make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by the First Lien Collateral Agent, or to present or file any claim or notice, or to take any action with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof or the moneys due or to become due in respect thereof or any property covered thereby. The First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall be accountable only for amounts actually received as a result of the exercise of the powers granted to them herein, and neither they nor their officers, directors, employees or agents shall be responsible to any Grantor for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for their own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct or that of any of their controlled Affiliates, directors, officers, employees, counsel, agents or attorneys-in-fact.

SECTION 5.16. Intercreditor Agreements Govern. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) the Liens and security interests granted to the First Lien Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to this Agreement and (ii) the exercise of any right or remedy by the First Lien Collateral Agent hereunder or the application of proceeds (including insurance proceeds and condemnation proceeds) of any Collateral, are subject to the provisions of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the ABL Intercreditor Agreement and the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, if and to the extent applicable and/or in effect. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the terms of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement, the terms of First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and the terms of this Agreement, the terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the ABL Intercreditor Agreement and the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, as applicable, shall govern.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

STERIGENICS U.S., LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Collateral Agreement]


NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH SERVICES, LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Collateral Agreement]


JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ Jason Kennedy
Name:   Jason Kennedy
Title:   Managing Director

 

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Collateral Agreement]

EX-10.13

Exhibit 10.13

PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among Sterigenics U.S., LLC (the “Grantor”) and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent (in such capacity, the “First Lien Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Credit Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC (the “Borrower”), the Lenders and Issuing Banks from time to time party thereto and JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Administrative Agent and (b) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Borrower, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the First Lien Collateral Agent. The Lenders and the Issuing Banks have agreed to extend credit to the Borrower subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement. The Grantor is an Affiliate of the Borrower and is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make additional Loans and the Issuing Banks to issue additional Letters of Credit and as consideration for Loans previously made and Letters of Credit previously issued. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the First Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Patents listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Patent Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any patent or patent application.

SECTION 3. First Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the Patent Collateral are more fully set forth in the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the First Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 4. Termination. Subject to Section 5.13 of the First Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of the Termination Date, the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the First Lien Collateral Agent shall execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantors all instruments in writing in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Patent Collateral under this Agreement.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.


SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

STERIGENICS U.S., LLC, as Grantor
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ Jason Kennedy
  Name: Jason Kennedy
  Title: Managing Director

 

[Signature Page Patent Security Agreement]

EX-10.14

Exhibit 10.14

TRADEMARK SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among STERIGENICS U.S., LLC (the “Grantor”) and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent (in such capacity, the “First Lien Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Credit Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC (the “Borrower”), the Lenders and Issuing Banks from time to time party thereto and JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Administrative Agent and (b) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Borrower, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the First Lien Collateral Agent. The Lenders and the Issuing Banks have agreed to extend credit to the Borrower subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement. The Grantor is an Affiliate of the Borrower and is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make additional Loans and the Issuing Banks to issue additional Letters of Credit and as consideration for Loans previously made and Letters of Credit previously issued. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the First Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Trademarks listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Trademark Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any trademark or trademark application. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trademark Collateral shall not include, and in no event shall the Security Interest attach to, any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act.

SECTION 3. Termination. Subject to Section 5.13 of the First Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of the Termination Date, the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the First Lien Collateral Agent shall execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantors all instruments in writing in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Trademark Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 4. First Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the Trademark

Collateral are more fully set forth in the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the First Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

STERIGENICS U.S., LLC, as Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ Jason Kennedy
Name:   Jason Kennedy
Title:   Managing Director

 

[Signature Page to Trademark Security Agreement]

EX-10.15

Exhibit 10.15

TRADEMARK SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among Nelson Laboratories, LLC (the “Grantor”) and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent (in such capacity, the “First Lien Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Credit Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC (the “Borrower”), the Lenders and Issuing Banks from time to time party thereto and JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Administrative Agent and (b) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Borrower, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the First Lien Collateral Agent. The Lenders and the Issuing Banks have agreed to extend credit to the Borrower subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement. The Grantor is an Affiliate of the Borrower and is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make additional Loans and the Issuing Banks to issue additional Letters of Credit and as consideration for Loans previously made and Letters of Credit previously issued. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the First Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Trademarks listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Trademark Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any trademark or trademark application. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trademark Collateral shall not include, and in no event shall the Security Interest attach to, any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act.

SECTION 3. Termination. Subject to Section 5.13 of the First Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of the Termination Date, the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the First Lien Collateral Agent shall execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantors all instruments in writing in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Trademark Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 4. First Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the Trademark

Collateral are more fully set forth in the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the First Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC,, as Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ Jason Kennedy
Name:   Jason Kennedy
Title:   Managing Director

 

[Signature Page to Trademark Security Agreement]

EX-10.16

Exhibit 10.16

TRADEMARK SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among Sotera Health LLC (the “Grantor”) and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent (in such capacity, the “First Lien Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Credit Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC (the “Borrower”), the Lenders and Issuing Banks from time to time party thereto and JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Administrative Agent and (b) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Borrower, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the First Lien Collateral Agent. The Lenders and the Issuing Banks have agreed to extend credit to the Borrower subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement. The Grantor is an Affiliate of the Borrower and is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make additional Loans and the Issuing Banks to issue additional Letters of Credit and as consideration for Loans previously made and Letters of Credit previously issued. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the First Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Trademarks listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Trademark Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any trademark or trademark application. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trademark Collateral shall not include, and in no event shall the Security Interest attach to, any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act.

SECTION 3. Termination. Subject to Section 5.13 of the First Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of the Termination Date, the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the First Lien Collateral Agent shall execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantors all instruments in writing in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Trademark Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 4. First Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the Trademark

Collateral are more fully set forth in the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the First Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH LLC, as Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ Jason Kennedy
Name:   Jason Kennedy
Title:   Managing Director

[Signature Page to Trademark Security Agreement]

EX-10.17

Exhibit 10.17

COPYRIGHT SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among Nelson Laboratories, LLC (the “Grantor”) and Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent (in such capacity, the “First Lien Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Credit Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Borrower”), the Lenders and Issuing Banks from time to time party thereto and JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Administrative Agent and (b) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Borrower, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the First Lien Collateral Agent. The Lenders and the Issuing Banks have agreed to extend credit to the Borrower subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement. The Grantor is an Affiliate of the Borrower and is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make additional Loans and the Issuing Banks to issue additional Letters of Credit and as consideration for Loans previously made and Letters of Credit previously issued. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the First Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Copyrights listed on Schedule I attached hereto (collectively, the “Copyright Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any copyright or copyright application.

SECTION 3. First Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the First Lien Collateral Agent with respect to the Copyright Collateral are more fully set forth in the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the First Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 4. Termination. Subject to Section 5.13 of the First Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of the Termination Date, the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the First Lien Collateral Agent shall execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantors all instruments in writing in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Copyright Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC, as Grantor
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC, as First Lien Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ John Kennedy
Name:   Jason Kennedy
Title:   Managing Director

[Signature Page to Copyright Security Agreement]

EX-10.18

Exhibit 10.18

 

 

 

SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGREEMENT

dated as of

December 13, 2019,

among

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

as Holdings,

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

as Issuer,

THE OTHER GRANTORS PARTY HERETO,

and

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent

 

 

 

NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING HEREIN TO THE CONTRARY, THE LIEN AND SECURITY INTEREST GRANTED TO THE SECOND LIEN NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT, FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE SECURED PARTIES, PURSUANT TO THIS AGREEMENT AND THE EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHT OR REMEDY BY THE SECOND LIEN NOTES COLLATERAL AGENT AND THE OTHER SECURED PARTIES HEREUNDER ARE EXPRESSLY SUBJECT AND SUBORDINATE TO THE LIENS AND SECURITY INTERESTS GRANTED IN FAVOR OF THE SENIOR SECURED PARTIES (AS DEFINED IN THE FIRST/SECOND LIEN INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT), INCLUDING LIENS AND SECURITY INTERESTS GRANTED TO THE FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT PURSUANT TO THE FIRST LIEN CREDIT AGREEMENT. IN THE EVENT OF ANY CONFLICT OR INCONSISTENCY BETWEEN THE PROVISIONS OF THE FIRST/SECOND LIEN INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT AND THIS AGREEMENT, THE PROVISIONS OF THE FIRST/SECOND LIEN INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT SHALL CONTROL.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    ARTICLE I       
    DEFINITIONS       

SECTION 1.01.

  Defined Terms      1  

SECTION 1.02.

  Other Defined Terms      1  
    ARTICLE II       
    PLEDGE OF SECURITIES       

SECTION 2.01.

 

Pledge

     4  

SECTION 2.02.

 

Delivery of the Pledged Collateral

     5  

SECTION 2.03.

 

Representations, Warranties and Covenants

     6  

SECTION 2.04.

 

Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations

     7  

SECTION 2.05.

 

Voting Rights; Dividends and Interest

     8  

SECTION 2.06.

 

Article 8 Opt-In

     10  
    ARTICLE III       
    SECURITY INTERESTS IN PERSONAL PROPERTY       

SECTION 3.01.

 

Security Interest

     10  

SECTION 3.02.

 

Representations and Warranties

     12  

SECTION 3.03.

 

Covenants

     14  

SECTION 3.04.

 

Other Actions

     16  

SECTION 3.05.

 

Covenants Regarding Patent, Trademark and Copyright Collateral

     16  
    ARTICLE IV       
    INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENTS       

SECTION 4.01.

 

Intercreditor Agreements

     17  

SECTION 4.02.

 

Obligations of Grantors

     18  

SECTION 4.03.

 

Delivery of Collateral

     18  
    ARTICLE V       
    REMEDIES       

SECTION 5.01.

 

Remedies Upon Default

     18  

SECTION 5.02.

 

Securities Act

     20  

SECTION 5.03.

 

Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property

     21  


    ARTICLE VI       
    MISCELLANEOUS       

SECTION 6.01.

 

Notices

     21  

SECTION 6.02.

 

Waivers; Amendment

     22  

SECTION 6.03.

 

Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification

     22  

SECTION 6.04.

 

Successors and Assigns

     23  

SECTION 6.05.

 

Survival of Agreement

     23  

SECTION 6.06.

 

Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement

     24  

SECTION 6.07.

 

Severability

     24  

SECTION 6.08.

 

Right of Set-off.

     24  

SECTION 6.09.

 

Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Appointment of Service of Process Agent

     25  

SECTION 6.10.

 

WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL

     25  

SECTION 6.11.

 

Headings

     26  

SECTION 6.12.

 

Security Interest Absolute

     26  

SECTION 6.13.

 

Termination or Release

     26  

SECTION 6.14.

 

Additional Subsidiaries

     26  

SECTION 6.15.

 

Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact

     27  

SECTION 6.16.

 

Concerning the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

     28  


Schedules

 

Schedule I    Grantors
Schedule II    Pledged Equity Interests; Pledged Debt Securities
Schedule III    Intellectual Property
Schedule IV    Commercial Tort Claims

Exhibits

 

Exhibit I    Form of Grantor Supplement
Exhibit II    Form of Copyright Security Agreement
Exhibit III    Form of Patent Security Agreement
Exhibit IV    Form of Trademark Security Agreement


SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGREEMENT dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”), the other GRANTORS from time to time party hereto, SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, solely in its capacity as “Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent” under the Indenture (in such capacity, the “ Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to the Indenture dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among Holdings, the Issuer, the Guarantors named therein and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, pursuant to which the Issuer has agreed to issue the Senior Secured Second Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2027 (the “Notes”).

WHEREAS, each Grantor will derive substantial direct and indirect benefit from the issuance of the Notes by the Issuer pursuant to the Indenture.

WHEREAS, in order to secure the payment of all principal of and interest and premium, if any, on the Notes, and the payment and performance of all other Notes Obligations under the Notes Documents and all of the Grantors’ obligations and liabilities hereunder and in connection herewith, each Grantor is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

Definitions

SECTION 1.01. Defined Terms. (a) Each capitalized term used but not defined herein shall have the meaning assigned thereto in the Indenture; provided that each term defined in the New York UCC (as defined herein) and not defined in this Agreement or the Indenture shall have the meaning specified in the New York UCC. The term “instrument” shall have the meaning specified in Article 9 of the New York UCC.

(b) The rules of construction specified in Sections 1.03 and 1.04 of the Indenture also apply to this Agreement, mutatis mutandis.

SECTION 1.02. Other Defined Terms. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

Account Debtor” means any Person that is or may become obligated to any Grantor under, with respect to or on account of an Account, Chattel Paper or General Intangible.

Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.


Agreement States” means those states that have entered into Agreements for Co-operation with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (the “NRC”) pursuant to Section 274b of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2011 et seq. (the “AEA”). The authority that each Agreement State has been delegated under AEA Section 274b is its Agreement State Authority (“Agreement State Authority”).

Applicable Nuclear Laws” means the AEA, and any related rules, regulations or administrative decisions of the NRC, including authority exercised by the Agreement States, pursuant to Agreement State Authority, in each case, to the extent concerning (i) the transfer of direct or indirect ownership or control of a licensee subject to such laws; or (ii) the ability to exercise direct or indirect control of a licensed activity under such laws, as applicable.

Article 9 Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01.

Collateral” means Article 9 Collateral and Pledged Collateral.

Copyright Security Agreement” means the short-form Copyright Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit II hereto.

Copyright License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any use right under any Copyright now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that such other Person otherwise has the right to license, and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

Copyrights” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: (a) all copyrights in any work subject to the copyright laws of the United States, whether as author, assignee, transferee or otherwise and (b) all registrations and applications for registration of any such copyrights in the United States, including registrations, supplemental registrations and pending applications for registration in the United States Copyright Office, including, in the case of any Grantor, those set forth next to its name on Schedule III hereto.

Federal Securities Laws” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.02.

Grantor Supplement” means an instrument in the form of Exhibit I hereto, or any other form reasonably satisfactory to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party).

Grantors” means (a) the Issuer, (b) Holdings, (c) each Subsidiary of the Issuer identified on Schedule I hereto and (d) each Intermediate Parent or other Subsidiary of Holdings that becomes a party to this Agreement as a Grantor on or after the date hereof.

Holdings” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

Indemnitee” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.03(b).

Indenture” has the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals to this Agreement.

 

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Intellectual Property” means, with respect to any Person, all intellectual property rights of every kind and nature, whether now or hereafter owned or licensed by any such Person, including such rights in inventions, Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks and Licenses, rights in trade secrets and know-how, rights in domain names, rights in confidential or proprietary technical, business or other information, and rights in software and databases.

Issuer” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

License” means any Patent License, Trademark License or Copyright License.

New York UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the State of New York.

Notes” has the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals to this Agreement.

Organizational Documents” means, with respect to any Person, the charter, articles or certificate of organization or incorporation and bylaws or other organizational or governing documents of such Person.

Patent License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any right to manufacture, use or sell any invention claimed in a Patent, now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that any other Person now or hereafter otherwise has the right to license, and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

Patent Security Agreement” means the short-form Patent Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit III hereto.

Patents” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: all letters patent of the United States and all registrations therefor and all applications for letters patent of the United States, including registrations and pending applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including those listed on Schedule III hereto.

Pledged Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01(e).

Pledged Debt Securities” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01(b).

Pledged Equity Interests” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01(a).

Pledged Securities” means any promissory notes, stock certificates, unit certificates, limited or unlimited liability membership certificates or other securities (to the extent certificated) now or hereafter included in the Pledged Collateral, including all certificates, instruments or other documents representing or evidencing any Pledged Collateral.

Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement

Security Interest” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01(a).

 

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Trademark License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any right to use any Trademark now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that any other Person otherwise has the right to license and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

Trademark Security Agreement” means the short-form Trademark Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit IV hereto.

Trademarks” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: (a) all trademarks, service marks, trade names, corporate names, company names, trade dress, logos and other similar source identifiers, in each case subject to the trademark laws of the United States now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired, all registrations therefor, and all registrations and applications filed in connection therewith in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including, in the case of any Grantor, any of the foregoing set forth next to its name on Schedule III hereto and, (b) all goodwill associated with the use of and symbolized by the items in category (a) of this definition.

UCC” shall mean the New York UCC; provided, however, that, at any time, if by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the perfection or priority of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s and the Secured Parties’ security interest in any item or portion of the Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a jurisdiction other than the State of New York, the term “UCC” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect, at such time, in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection or priority and for purposes of definitions relating to such provisions.

ARTICLE II

Pledge of Securities

SECTION 2.01. Pledge. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, each Grantor hereby collaterally assigns and pledges to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and hereby grants to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest in, all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under:

(a) (i) the Equity Interests owned by such Grantor on the date hereof, including those listed opposite the name of such Grantor on Schedule II hereto, (ii) any other Equity Interests obtained in the future by such Grantor and (iii) the certificates or other instruments representing all such Equity Interests (if any) (collectively, the “Pledged Equity Interests”); provided that the Pledged Equity Interests shall not include any Excluded Equity Interests;

(b) (i) the debt securities owned by such Grantor on the date hereof, including those listed opposite the name of such Grantor on Schedule II hereto, (ii) any debt securities in the future issued to or otherwise acquired by such Grantor and (iii) the promissory notes and any other instruments evidencing all such debt securities (collectively, the “Pledged Debt Securities”); provided that, such Pledged Debt Securities shall not include any Pledged Debt Securities constituting Excluded Assets;

 

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(c) subject to Section 2.05, all payments of principal or interest, dividends, cash, instruments and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of, in exchange for or upon the conversion of, and all other Proceeds received in respect of, the securities referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above;

(d) subject to Section 2.05, all rights and privileges of such Grantor with respect to the securities and other property referred to in clauses (a), (b) and (c) above; and

(e) all Proceeds of any of the foregoing to the extent such Proceeds would constitute property referred to in clauses (a) through (d) above (the items referred to in clauses (a) through (e) above being collectively referred to as the “Pledged Collateral”).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the pledge under this Section 2.01 attach to any Excluded Asset.

SECTION 2.02. Delivery of the Pledged Collateral. (a) Each Grantor agrees to deliver or cause to be delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (i) on the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement, any Pledged Securities owned by such Grantor on such date, and (ii) promptly (and in any event within 45 days after receipt by such Grantor or such longer period agreed to in writing by (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party and (y) on or after the Disposition Date, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in each such case, subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, in the applicable Person’s reasonable discretion) after the acquisition thereof, any such Pledged Securities acquired by such Grantor after the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement.

(b) Except as otherwise addressed in Section 3.03(b) herein, as promptly as practicable (and in any event within 45 days (or such longer period agreed to by (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party and (y) on or after the Disposition Date, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in each such case, subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, in the applicable Person’s reasonable discretion) after the later of (x) receipt thereof by such Grantor or (y) the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement (whether on the date hereof or pursuant to Section 6.14)), each Grantor will cause any Indebtedness for borrowed money (including in respect of cash management arrangements) that is owed to such Grantor by any Person in a principal amount of $20,000,000 or more individually to be evidenced by a duly executed promissory note that is pledged and delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the terms hereof.

(c) Upon delivery to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, (i) Pledged Securities shall be accompanied by undated stock or note powers, as applicable, duly executed in blank or other undated instruments of transfer duly executed in blank and by such other instruments and documents as may be necessary to perfect the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interest in the Pledged Securities or as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party) may reasonably request in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture and (ii) all other property comprising part of the Pledged Collateral shall be

 

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accompanied by undated proper instruments of assignment duly executed in blank by the applicable Grantor and such other instruments and documents as may be necessary to perfect the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interest in the Pledged Securities or as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party) may reasonably request in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture. Each delivery of Pledged Securities shall be accompanied by a schedule describing such Pledged Securities, which schedule shall be deemed attached to, and shall supplement, Schedule II hereto and be made a part hereof; provided that failure to provide any such schedule hereto shall not affect the validity of such pledge of such Pledged Securities. Each schedule so delivered shall supplement any prior schedules so delivered.

SECTION 2.03. Representations, Warranties and Covenants. The Grantors jointly and severally represent, warrant and covenant to and with the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, that:

(a) as of the date hereof, Schedule II hereto sets forth a true and complete list, with respect to each Grantor, of (i) all the Pledged Equity Interests owned by such Grantor in the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent or any other Subsidiary and the percentage of the issued and outstanding units of each class of the Equity Interests of the issuer thereof represented by the Pledged Equity Interests owned by such Grantor and (ii) all the Pledged Debt Securities owned by such Grantor;

(b) the Pledged Equity Interests and the Pledged Debt Securities have been duly and validly authorized and issued by the issuers thereof and (i) in the case of Pledged Equity Interests, are fully paid and nonassessable and (ii) in the case of Pledged Debt Securities, are legal, valid and binding obligations of the issuers thereof, except to the extent that enforceability of such obligations may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, and other similar laws affecting creditor’s rights generally; provided that the foregoing representations, insofar as they relate to the Pledged Collateral issued by a Person other than Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary, are made to the knowledge of the Grantors;

(c) except for the security interests granted hereunder and under any other Notes Documents, each of the Grantors (i) is and, subject to any transfers made in compliance with the Indenture, will continue to be the direct owner, beneficially and of record, of the Pledged Securities indicated on Schedule II hereto as owned by such Grantor, (ii) holds the same free and clear of all Liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture and transfers made in compliance with the Indenture, (iii) will make no further assignment, pledge, hypothecation or transfer of, or create or permit to exist any security interest in or other Lien on, the Pledged Collateral, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture and transfers made in compliance with the Indenture, and (iv) will use commercially reasonable efforts to defend its title or interest thereto or therein against any and all Liens (other than the Liens created by this Agreement and the other Notes Documents and Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture), however arising, of all Persons whomsoever;

(d) except for restrictions and limitations imposed or permitted by the Notes Documents, Applicable Nuclear Laws or securities laws generally, the Pledged Equity Interests and, to the extent issued by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary, the Pledged Debt Securities are and will continue to be freely transferable and assignable, and none of

 

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the Pledged Equity Interests and, to the extent issued by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary, none of the Pledged Debt Securities are or will be subject to any option, right of first refusal, shareholders agreement or Organizational Document provisions of any nature that might prohibit, impair, delay or otherwise affect in any manner adverse to the Secured Parties in any material respect the pledge of such Pledged Collateral hereunder, the sale or disposition thereof pursuant hereto or the exercise by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent of rights and remedies hereunder;

(e) each of the Grantors has the power and authority to pledge the Pledged Collateral pledged by it hereunder in the manner hereby done or contemplated;

(f) by virtue of the execution and delivery by the Grantors of this Agreement, when any Pledged Securities are delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in accordance with this Agreement, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent will obtain a legal, valid and perfected lien upon and security interest in such Pledged Securities, free of any adverse claims, under the New York UCC to the extent such lien and security interest may be created and perfected under the New York UCC, as security for the payment and performance of the Notes Obligations; and

(g) subject to the terms of this Agreement and to the extent permitted by applicable law, each Grantor hereby agrees that upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, it will comply with the instructions of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Equity Interests in such Grantor that constitute Pledged Equity hereunder that are not certificated without further consent by the applicable owner or holder of such Equity Interests.

SECTION 2.04. Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing of its intent to exercise such rights, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, shall have the right (but not the obligation) (in its sole and absolute discretion) to hold the Pledged Securities in the name of the applicable Grantor, endorsed or assigned in blank or in favor of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or in its own name as pledgee or in the name of its nominee (as pledgee or as sub-agent), and each Grantor will promptly give to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent copies of any notices or other communications received by it with respect to Pledged Securities registered in the name of such Grantor. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall at all times have the right to exchange the certificates representing Pledged Securities for certificates of smaller or larger denominations for any reasonable purpose consistent with this Agreement.

 

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SECTION 2.05. Voting Rights; Dividends and Interest. (a) Unless and until an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing that their rights under this Section 2.05 are being suspended:

(i) each Grantor shall be entitled to exercise any and all voting and/or other consensual rights and powers inuring to an owner of Pledged Securities or any part thereof for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement, the Indenture and the other Notes Documents; provided that such rights and powers shall not be exercised in any manner that could materially and adversely affect the rights inuring to a holder of any Pledged Securities or the rights and remedies of any of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, Trustee or the other Secured Parties under this Agreement or any other Notes Document or the ability of the Secured Parties to exercise the same, unless such exercise of rights and powers is in connection with an action permitted under the Indenture;

(ii) the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall promptly execute and deliver to each Grantor, or cause to be promptly executed and delivered to such Grantor, at such Grantor’s expense, all such proxies, powers of attorney and other instruments as such Grantor may reasonably request for the purpose of enabling such Grantor to exercise the voting and/or consensual rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05; and

(iii) each Grantor shall be entitled to receive and retain any and all dividends, interest, principal, premium and other distributions paid on or distributed in respect of the Pledged Securities to the extent and only to the extent that such dividends, interest, principal, premium and other distributions are permitted by, and are otherwise paid or distributed in accordance with, the terms and conditions of the Indenture, the other Notes Documents and applicable laws; provided that any noncash dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that would constitute Pledged Equity Interests or Pledged Debt Securities, whether resulting from a subdivision, combination or reclassification of the outstanding Equity Interests in the issuer of any Pledged Securities or received in exchange for Pledged Securities or any part thereof, or in redemption thereof, or as a result of any merger, consolidation, acquisition or other exchange of assets to which such issuer may be a party or otherwise, shall be and become part of the Pledged Collateral and, if received by any Grantor, shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Trustee and the other Secured Parties and shall be forthwith delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsements, stock or note powers and other instruments of transfer reasonably requested by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent). So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall promptly deliver to each Grantor, at such Grantor’s expense, any Pledged Securities in its possession if requested in writing to be delivered to the issuer thereof in connection with any sale, transfer, disposition, exchange or redemption of such Pledged Securities permitted by the Indenture in accordance with this Section 2.05(a)(iii), subject to receipt by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent of an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer with respect thereto and any other documents reasonably requested by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party).

(b) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05, all rights of any Grantor to dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that such Grantor is authorized to receive pursuant to paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05 shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive

 

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right and authority to receive and retain such dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions; provided that, if and to the extent directed by the Trustee or the Controlling Party, in accordance with the Indenture, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit the Grantors to exercise such rights. All dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions received by any Grantor upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default contrary to the provisions of this Section 2.05 shall be held for the benefit of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and shall be segregated from other property or funds of such Grantor and shall be forthwith delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent upon demand in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsements, stock or note powers and other instruments of transfer reasonably requested by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent). Any and all money and other property paid over to or received by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph (b) shall be retained by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in an account to be established by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent upon receipt of such money or other property and shall be distributed to the Trustee for further application in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.13 of the Indenture. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived and the Issuer has delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer to that effect (and after payment of any amounts due to the Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the Indenture), the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall promptly repay to each Grantor (without interest) all dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that such Grantor would otherwise be permitted to retain pursuant to the terms of paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05 to the extent that any funds remain in such account.

(c) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05, all rights of any Grantor to exercise the voting and consensual rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05, and the obligations of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under paragraph (a)(ii) of this Section 2.05, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority (but not the obligation) to exercise such voting and consensual rights and powers; provided that, unless otherwise directed by the Trustee or the Controlling Party, in accordance with the Indenture, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time following and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit the Grantors to exercise such rights. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived and the Issuer has delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer to that effect, all rights vested in the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this paragraph (c) shall cease, and the Grantors shall have the exclusive right to exercise the voting and consensual rights and powers they would otherwise be entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05.

(d) Any notice given by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to the Grantors, as applicable, suspending their rights under paragraph (a) of this Section 2.05 (i) may be given by telephone if promptly confirmed in writing, (ii) may be given with respect to one or more of the Grantors at the same or different times and (iii) may suspend the rights of the Grantors under paragraph (a)(i) or paragraph (a)(iii) in part without suspending all such rights (as specified by the

 

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Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent as directed by the Trustee or the Controlling Party) and without waiving or otherwise affecting the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s rights to give additional notices from time to time suspending other rights; provided that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall only give any such notice if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

SECTION 2.06. Article 8 Opt-In. No Grantor shall take any action to cause any membership interest, partnership interest, or other equity interest of any limited liability company or limited partnership owned or controlled by any Grantor comprising Collateral to be or become a “security” within the meaning of, or to be governed by Article 8 of the UCC as in effect under the laws of any state having jurisdiction and shall not cause or permit any such limited liability company or limited partnership to “opt in” or to take any other action seeking to establish any membership interest, partnership interest or other equity interest of such limited liability company or limited partnership comprising the Collateral as a “security” or to become certificated, in each case, without delivering all certificates evidencing such interest to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in accordance with and as required by Section 2.02.

ARTICLE III

Security Interests in Personal Property

SECTION 3.01. Security Interest. (a) As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, each Grantor hereby grants to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under any and all of the following assets now owned or at any time hereafter acquired by such Grantor or in which such Grantor now has or at any time in the future may acquire any right, title or interest, regardless of where located (collectively, the “Article 9 Collateral”):

(i) all Accounts;

(ii) all Chattel Paper;

(iii) all Deposit Accounts;

(iv) all Documents;

(v) all Equipment;

(vi) all General Intangibles, including all Intellectual Property;

(vii) all Instruments;

(viii) all Inventory;

(ix) all other Goods;

(x) all Investment Property;

 

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(xi) all Letter-of-Credit Rights;

(xii) all Commercial Tort Claims specifically described on Schedule IV hereto, as such schedule may be supplemented from time to time pursuant to Section 3.04(c);

(xiii) all books and records pertaining to the Article 9 Collateral; and

(xiv) to the extent not otherwise included, all Proceeds and products of any and all of the foregoing and all Supporting Obligations, collateral security and guarantees given by any Person with respect to any of the foregoing;

provided that in no event shall the Security Interest attach to (A) any Excluded Asset (including any Excluded Equity Interest), or (B) any asset owned by any Grantor that the Issuer and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party, in each case subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, shall have agreed in writing to exclude from being Article 9 Collateral on account of the cost of creating a security interest in such asset hereunder being excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Secured Parties therefrom. It is understood that, to the extent the Security Interest shall not have attached to any such asset as a result of clauses (A) or (B) above, the term “Article 9 Collateral” shall not include any such asset; provided, however, that Article 9 Collateral shall include any Proceeds, substitutions or replacements of any of the foregoing (unless such Proceeds, substitutions or replacements would constitute property referred to in clauses (A) or (B)).

(b) Each Grantor hereby agrees to prepare and file or cause the filing of (at its own expense), and irrevocably authorizes the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties at any time and from time to time to file (at such Grantor’s expense), in any relevant U.S. jurisdiction any financing statements with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof, amendments thereto and continuation statements, as may be necessary in order to perfect or maintain the perfection of the Second Lien Collateral Agent’s security interest in the Collateral owned by such Grantor, that (i) describe the collateral covered thereby in any manner as may be necessary or advisable to ensure the perfection of the security interest in the Collateral granted under this Agreement or as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may reasonably request, including indicating the Collateral as “all assets” of such Grantor or words of similar effect, and (ii) contain the information required by Article 9 of the UCC for the filing of any financing statement, amendment or continuation statement, including whether such Grantor is an organization, the type of organization and, if required, any organizational identification number issued to such Grantor. Each Grantor agrees to provide such information to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent promptly upon request. Each Grantor agrees to deliver a file-stamped copy of each such financing statement, amendment or continuation statement to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

(c) Each Grantor agrees to prepare and file or cause the filing of (at its own expense), and further authorizes the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to file (at such Grantor’s expense), the Copyright Security Agreement, Patent Security Agreement and Trademark Security Agreement with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office in the United States, but not any office in any other country), as applicable, and any such additional documents pursuant to Section 3.05(b) as may be reasonably necessary or

 

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advisable for the purpose of perfecting, confirming, continuing, enforcing or protecting the Security Interest in Article 9 Collateral consisting of Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights registered or applied-for in the United States, granted by each Grantor and naming any Grantor or the Grantors as debtors and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent as Secured Party. Each Grantor agrees to deliver a file-stamped copy of each such agreement, instrument or other evidence of filing to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

(d) The Security Interest and the security interest granted pursuant to Article II are granted as security only and shall not subject the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to, or in any way alter or modify, any obligation or liability of any Grantor with respect to or arising out of the Collateral. Notwithstanding the grant of authority to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to make the filings contemplated by this Section 3.01, in no event shall the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (or the Trustee) be obligated to prepare or file any initial financing statement, amendment thereto, continuation statement or any other instrument, agreement or document with the relevant U.S. jurisdiction, United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office), as applicable, to perfect or maintain the perfection of the security interest granted hereunder.

SECTION 3.02. Representations and Warranties. The Grantors jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, that:

(a) each Grantor has good title or valid leasehold interests in the Article 9 Collateral (except for Intellectual Property) with respect to which it has purported to grant a Security Interest hereunder free and clear of any Liens, (i) except for Liens expressly permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture and (ii) except for minor defects in title that do not interfere with its ability to conduct its business as currently conducted or as proposed to be conducted or to utilize such properties for their intended purposes, in each case to the extent the failure to have such good title or valid leasehold interest could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and has full power and authority to grant to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, the Security Interest in such Article 9 Collateral pursuant hereto and to execute, deliver and perform its obligations in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, without the consent or approval of any other Person other than any consent or approval that has been obtained and except to the extent that failure to obtain or make such consent or approval, as the case may be, individually or in aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(b) the Perfection Certificate has been duly prepared, completed and executed and the information set forth therein, including the exact legal name and jurisdiction of organization of each Grantor, is correct and complete in all material respects as of the Issue Date. The UCC financing statements or other appropriate filings, recordings or registrations are in proper form for filing and will be filed in each governmental, municipal or other office specified in Schedule 6 to the Perfection Certificate (or specified by notice from the Issuer to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent after the Issue Date in the case of filings, recordings or registrations required by Section 4.05 or Section 4.14 of the Indenture), are all the filings, recordings and registrations (other than filings, recordings and registrations, if any, required to be made in the

 

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United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office in order to perfect the Security Interest in Article 9 Collateral consisting of United States Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights) that are necessary to establish a legal, valid and perfected security interest in favor of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in respect of all Article 9 Collateral in which the Security Interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registration in the United States, and as of the date hereof, no further or subsequent filing, refiling, recording, rerecording, registration or reregistration is necessary, except as provided under applicable law with respect to the filing of continuation statements (other than such actions as are necessary to perfect the Security Interest with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights filed, acquired or developed by a Grantor after the date hereof). The Grantors represent and warrant that, if applicable, a fully executed Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement and Copyright Security Agreement, in each case containing a list of the Article 9 Collateral consisting of United States registered Patents, United States registered Trademarks and United States registered Copyrights (and applications for any of the foregoing), as applicable, and executed by each Grantor owning any such Article 9 Collateral, will be delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and have been or will substantially concurrently with the execution of this Agreement be recorded with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, to establish a legal, valid and perfected security interest in favor of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in respect of all Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered and applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights in which a security interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registration in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, and no further or subsequent filing, refiling, recording, rerecording, registration or reregistration is necessary (other than (i) the UCC financing and continuation statements contemplated in this Section 3.02(b), and (ii) such filings and actions as are necessary to perfect the Security Interest with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights acquired or developed by any Grantor after the date hereof);

(c) the Security Interest constitutes (i) a legal and valid security interest in all the Article 9 Collateral securing the payment and performance of the Notes Obligations, and (ii) subject to the filings described in paragraph (b) of this Section 3.02 (including payment of applicable fees in connection therewith), a perfected security interest in all Article 9 Collateral in which a security interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registering a financing statement or analogous document in the applicable jurisdiction in the United States pursuant to the UCC, and (iii) subject to the filings described in paragraph (b) of this Section 3.02, a perfected security interest in all Article 9 Collateral in which a security interest may be perfected upon the receipt and recording of a Patent Security Agreement, a Trademark Security Agreement or a Copyright Security Agreement with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable. The Security Interest is and shall be prior to any other Lien on any of the Article 9 Collateral, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture;

(d) as of the Issue Date, Schedule III hereto sets forth a true and complete list, with respect to each Grantor, of (i) all of such Grantor’s Patents and Trademarks applied for or issued or registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including the name of the registered owner or applicant and the registration, application, or publication number, as applicable, of each such Patent or Trademark and (ii) all of such Grantor’s Copyrights applied for or registered with the United States Copyright Office, including the name of the registered owner and the registration number of each such Copyright; and

 

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(e) none of the Grantors has filed or consented to (i) the filing of any financing statement or analogous document, in each case with respect to a Lien, under the UCC or any other applicable laws covering any Article 9 Collateral, or (ii) any assignment in which any Grantor assigns any Article 9 Collateral or any security agreement or similar instrument covering any Article 9 Collateral with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, except, in each case, for Liens expressly permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture.

SECTION 3.03. Covenants. (a) Each Grantor shall, at its own expense, take any and all commercially reasonable actions necessary to (i) defend title to the Article 9 Collateral (other than Intellectual Property, which is governed by Section 3.05) against all Persons, except with respect to Article 9 Collateral that such Grantor determines in its reasonable business judgment is no longer necessary or beneficial to the conduct of such Grantor’s business, and (ii) defend the Security Interest of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in the Article 9 Collateral and the priority thereof against any Lien, in each case subject to (w) the terms of any applicable intercreditor agreement contemplated by the Indenture, (x) Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture, (y) transfers made in compliance with the Indenture and (z) the rights of such Grantor under Sections 12.03 and 12.08 of the Indenture and corresponding provisions of the Security Documents to obtain a release of the Liens created under the Security Documents.

(b) Each Grantor agrees, at its own expense, to execute, acknowledge, deliver and cause to be duly filed all such further instruments and documents and take all such actions as may be necessary or as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request to obtain, preserve, protect, perfect and maintain the perfection of the Security Interest and the rights and remedies created hereby, including the payment of any reasonable and documented or invoiced out-of-pocket fees and Taxes required in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the granting of the Security Interest and the filing of any financing statements and any amendments thereto or other documents in connection herewith or therewith; provided, however, that with respect to Intellectual Property, Grantors shall have no obligation, subject to Section 3.05(a) hereunder, to file any document or undertake any actions outside the United States or pursuant to any laws other than the laws of the United States. If any amount payable to any Grantor under or in connection with any of the Article 9 Collateral shall be or become evidenced by any promissory note (which may be a global note) or other instrument (other than any promissory note or other instrument in an aggregate principal amount of less than $20,000,000 owed to the applicable Grantor by any Person), such note or instrument shall be promptly delivered (but in any event within 45 days of receipt by such Grantor or, subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, such longer period as (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party and (y) on or after the Disposition Date, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, may, in each such case, agree in such Person’s reasonable discretion) to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, together with an undated instrument of transfer duly executed in blank sufficient to perfect the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interest in such promissory note.

 

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(c) At its option, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), with three (3) Business Days’ prior written notice to the Issuer, discharge past due taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances at any time levied or placed on the Article 9 Collateral and not permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture, and may (but shall not be obligated to) pay for the maintenance and preservation of the Article 9 Collateral to the extent any Grantor fails to do so as required by the Indenture, this Agreement or any other Notes Document and within a reasonable period of time after the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent has requested that it do so, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to reimburse the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, within 10 days after demand, for any reasonable payment made or expense incurred by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the foregoing authorization in accordance with Section 5.03(a); provided that nothing in this paragraph shall be interpreted as excusing any Grantor from the performance of, or imposing any obligation on the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Secured Party to cure or perform, any covenants or other promises of any Grantor with respect to taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances and maintenance as set forth herein or in the other Notes Documents.

(d) Each Grantor shall remain liable, as between such Grantor and the relevant counterparty under each contract, agreement or instrument relating to the Article 9 Collateral, to observe and perform all the conditions and obligations to be observed and performed by it under such contract, agreement or instrument, all in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties from and against any and all losses, liability and expense for such performance.

(e) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, it is understood that no Grantor shall be required by this Agreement to better assure, preserve, protect or perfect the Security Interest created hereunder by any means other than (i) filings (including financing statements, amendments thereto and continuation statements) pursuant to the UCC in the office of the Secretary of State (or similar central filing office) of the relevant states or other jurisdictions, (ii) filings with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office), in respect of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights, (iii) in the case of Collateral that constitutes Pledged Securities, Instruments, certificated securities (in each case not credited to a Securities Account), Tangible Chattel Paper or Negotiable Documents (other than those Instruments or Negotiable Documents held in the ordinary course of business), delivery thereof to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in accordance with the terms hereof (together with, where applicable, undated stock or note powers or other undated proper instruments of assignment) and (iv) other actions to the extent required by Section 3.03(b) (solely with respect to the second sentence thereof) or Section 3.04 hereunder. No Grantor shall be required to (i) complete any filings or other action with respect to the better assurance, preservation, protection or perfection of the security interests created hereby in any jurisdiction outside of the United States or enter into any security document governed by the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States, or to reimburse the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for any costs incurred in connection with the same or (ii) deliver control agreements with respect to, or confer perfection by “control” over, any Deposit Accounts, Securities Accounts or Commodity Accounts.

 

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(f) In the event that any Grantor at any time or times shall fail to obtain or maintain any of the policies of insurance required under Section 4.09 of the Indenture or to pay any premium in whole or part relating thereto, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), without waiving or releasing any obligation or liability of the Grantors hereunder or any Default or Event of Default, in its sole discretion, obtain and maintain such policies of insurance and pay such premium and take any other actions with respect thereto as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent reasonably deems advisable. All sums incurred or disbursed by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in connection with this paragraph, including reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees, court costs, expenses and other charges relating thereto, shall be payable, within 10 days of demand, by the Grantors to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and shall be additional Notes Obligations secured hereby.

SECTION 3.04. Other Actions. In order to further insure the attachment, perfection and priority of, and the ability of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to enforce, the Security Interest, each Grantor agrees, in each case at such Grantor’s own expense, to take the following actions with respect to the following Article 9 Collateral:

(a) Instruments. If any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any Instruments (other than Instruments with a face amount of less than $20,000,000 individually and other than checks to be deposited in the ordinary course of business), such Grantor shall promptly (but in any event within 45 days of receipt by such Grantor or, subject to and in accordance with 4.14(c) of the Indenture, such longer period as (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party and (y) on or after the Disposition Date, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, may in each such case, agree in such Person’s reasonable discretion) endorse, assign and deliver the same to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, accompanied by such undated instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as may be necessary to perfect the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interests therein.

(b) Investment Property. Except to the extent otherwise provided in Article II, if any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any certificated securities (other than certificated securities with a value of less than $20,000,000 individually), such Grantor shall forthwith endorse, assign and deliver the same to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, accompanied by such undated instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as may be necessary to perfect the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interests herein.

(c) Commercial Tort Claims. If any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire a Commercial Tort Claim (in respect of which a complaint or counterclaim has been filed by or on behalf of such Grantor) seeking damages in an amount reasonably estimated to exceed $20,000,000, such Grantor shall promptly notify the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent thereof in a writing signed by such Grantor, including a summary description of such claim, and Schedule IV hereto shall be deemed to be supplemented to include such description of such Commercial Tort Claim as set forth in such writing.

SECTION 3.05. Covenants Regarding Patent, Trademark and Copyright Collateral(a) . (a) Except to the extent a failure to act under this Section 3.05(a) could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect of the type referred to in clause (a) or (b) of the definition of such term in the Indenture, with respect to the registration or pending application of each

 

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item of its Intellectual Property for which such Grantor has standing and ability to do so, each Grantor agrees to take commercially reasonable steps to (i) maintain the validity and enforceability of any United States registered Intellectual Property (or applications therefor) that is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business and to maintain such registrations and applications of such Intellectual Property in full force and effect and (ii) pursue the registration and maintenance of each patent, trademark or copyright registration or application included in the Intellectual Property of such Grantor that is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business. Grantor shall take commercially reasonable steps to defend title to and ownership of any Intellectual Property that is owned by such Grantor and is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 3.05 shall prevent any Grantor from disposing of, discontinuing the use or maintenance of, abandoning, failing to pursue or enforce or otherwise allowing to lapse, terminate, be invalidated or put into the public domain any of its registered or applied-for Intellectual Property that is no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, or if such Grantor determines in its reasonable business judgment that such discontinuance or such other action is desirable in the conduct of its business.

(b) Each Grantor agrees that, should it obtain an ownership or other interest in any Intellectual Property after the Issue Date (i) the provisions of this Agreement shall automatically apply thereto and (ii) any such Intellectual Property shall automatically become Intellectual Property subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, except, with respect to each of (i) and (ii) above, if such Intellectual Property is acquired under a license from a third party under which a security interest would not be permitted. For the avoidance of doubt, a security interest shall not be granted in any Intellectual Property that constitutes an Excluded Asset.

(c) Each Grantor, either itself or through any agent, employee, licensee or designee, shall (i) whenever a certificate is delivered or required to be delivered pursuant to Section 4.05(b) of the Indenture, deliver to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent a schedule setting forth all of such Grantor’s registered and applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights that are not listed on Schedule III hereto or on a schedule previously provided to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 3.05(c), and (ii) not more than three times per fiscal year, execute and deliver to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent a Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement, as applicable, or an amendment to a pre-existing Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement, as applicable, in respect of such Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights, and promptly record such Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement or amendment to a pre-existing Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement, as applicable, with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office), as applicable.

ARTICLE IV

Intercreditor Agreements

SECTION 4.01. Intercreditor Agreements(d) . Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) the Liens and security interests granted to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Agreement are expressly subject and subordinate to the Liens and security interests granted in favor of the Senior Secured Parties (as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor

 

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Agreement), including Liens and security interests granted to the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to the First Lien Credit Agreement and (ii) the exercise of any right or remedy by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder are subject to the limitations and provisions of the Intercreditor Agreements, if and to the extent applicable and/or in effect. In the event of any conflict between the terms of any Intercreditor Agreement and this Agreement, the terms of the applicable Intercreditor Agreement shall govern and control.

The Trustee, by its acceptance of the benefits of this Agreement and each Holder, by its acceptance of the Notes and the benefits of this Agreement, acknowledges and agrees that upon the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s entry into the Intercreditor Agreements, as applicable, the Trustee and each Holder will be subject to and bound by the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreements as Initial Second Priority Debt Parties (as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement).

SECTION 4.02. Obligations of Grantors(e) . To the extent that the obligations of any Grantor hereunder shall conflict, or shall be inconsistent, with the obligations of such Grantor under any Intercreditor Agreement, the provisions of the applicable Intercreditor Agreement shall control.

SECTION 4.03. Delivery of Collateral(f) . Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, prior to the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations (as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement), to the extent any Grantor is required hereunder to indorse, assign or deliver Collateral to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for any purpose and is unable to do so as a result of having previously indorsed, assigned or delivered such Collateral to the First Lien Collateral Agent (as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement) in accordance with the terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, such Grantor’s obligations hereunder with respect to such indorsement, assignment or delivery shall be deemed satisfied by the indorsement, assignment or delivery in favor of or to the First Lien Collateral Agent (as defined in the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement), acting as a gratuitous bailee of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

ARTICLE V

Remedies

SECTION 5.01. Remedies Upon Default(g) . Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, each Grantor agrees to deliver, on demand, each item of Collateral to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Person designated by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, and it is agreed that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation) subject to Applicable Nuclear Laws to take any of or all the following actions at the same or different times: (a) with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of Intellectual Property, on demand, to cause the Security Interest to become an assignment, transfer and conveyance of any of or all such Article 9 Collateral by the applicable Grantors to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, or to license, whether on an exclusive or nonexclusive basis, any such Article 9 Collateral throughout the world on such terms and conditions and in such manner as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall determine (other than in violation of any then-existing licensing arrangements or other agreement to the

 

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extent that waivers cannot be obtained), but in any event, on a revocable basis under terms whereby such license should terminate immediately upon cure of an Event of Default in connection with exercise of its remedies hereunder, and (b) with or without legal process and with or without prior notice or demand for performance, to take possession of the Article 9 Collateral and the Pledged Collateral and without liability for trespass to enter any premises where the Article 9 Collateral or the Pledged Collateral may be located for the purpose of taking possession of or removing the Article 9 Collateral and the Pledged Collateral and, generally, to exercise any and all rights afforded to a secured party under the UCC or other applicable law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Grantor agrees that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation), subject to the mandatory requirements of applicable law and the notice requirements described below, to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the Collateral at a public or private sale or at any broker’s board or on any securities exchange, for cash, upon credit or for future delivery as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall deem appropriate. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be authorized at any such sale of securities (if it deems it advisable to do so) to restrict the prospective bidders or purchasers to Persons who will represent and agree that they are purchasing the Collateral for their own account for investment and not with a view to the distribution or sale thereof, and upon consummation of any such sale the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right to assign, transfer and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the Collateral so sold. Each such purchaser at any sale of Collateral shall hold the property sold absolutely free from any claim or right on the part of any Grantor, and each Grantor hereby waives (to the extent permitted by law) all rights of redemption, stay and appraisal that such Grantor now has or may at any time in the future have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted.

The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall give the applicable Grantors no less than 10 days’ prior written notice (which each Grantor agrees is reasonable notice within the meaning of Section 9-611 of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions) of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s intention to make any sale of Collateral. Such notice, in the case of a public sale, shall state the time and place for such sale and, in the case of a sale at a broker’s board or on a securities exchange, shall state the board or exchange at which such sale is to be made and the day on which the Collateral or portion thereof, will first be offered for sale at such board or exchange. Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours and at such place or places as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may fix and state in the notice (if any) of such sale. At any such sale, the Collateral, or portion thereof, to be sold may be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate parcels, as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (in its sole and absolute discretion) determine. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall not be obligated to make any sale of any Collateral if it shall determine not to do so, regardless of the fact that notice of sale of such Collateral shall have been given. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time and place to which the same was so adjourned. In case any sale of all or any part of the Collateral is made on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent until the sale price is paid by the purchaser or purchasers thereof, but the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall not incur any liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to take up and pay for the Collateral so sold and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may be sold again upon like notice. At any public (or, to the extent permitted by

 

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law, private) sale made pursuant to this Agreement, any Secured Party may bid for or purchase, free (to the extent permitted by law) from any right of redemption, stay, valuation or appraisal on the part of any Grantor (all said rights being also hereby waived and released to the extent permitted by law), the Collateral or any part thereof offered for sale and may make payment on account thereof by using any claim then due and payable to such Secured Party from any Grantor as a credit against the purchase price, and such Secured Party may, upon compliance with the terms of sale, hold, retain and dispose of such property without further accountability to any Grantor therefor. For purposes hereof, a written agreement to purchase the Collateral or any portion thereof shall be treated as a sale thereof; the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be free to carry out such sale pursuant to such agreement and no Grantor shall be entitled to the return of the Collateral or any portion thereof subject thereto, notwithstanding the fact that after the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have entered into such an agreement all Events of Default shall have been remedied and the Notes Obligations paid in full. As an alternative to exercising the power of sale herein conferred upon it, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to) proceed by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose this Agreement and to sell the Collateral or any portion thereof pursuant to a judgment or decree of a court or courts having competent jurisdiction or pursuant to a proceeding by a court-appointed receiver. Any sale pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.01 shall be deemed to conform to the commercial reasonableness standards as provided in Section 9-610(b) of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions.

SECTION 5.02. Securities Act. In view of the position of the Grantors in relation to the Pledged Collateral, or because of other current or future circumstances, a question may arise under the Securities Act of 1933, as now or hereafter in effect, or any similar statute hereafter enacted analogous in purpose or effect (such act and any such similar statute as from time to time in effect being called the “Federal Securities Laws”) with respect to any disposition of the Pledged Collateral permitted hereunder. Each Grantor understands that compliance with the Federal Securities Laws might very strictly limit the course of conduct of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent if the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent were to attempt to dispose of all or any part of the Pledged Collateral, and might also limit the extent to which or the manner in which any subsequent transferee of any Pledged Collateral could dispose of the same. Similarly, there may be other legal restrictions or limitations affecting the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in any attempt to dispose of all or part of the Pledged Collateral under applicable blue sky or other state securities laws or similar laws analogous in purpose or effect. Each Grantor recognizes that in light of such restrictions and limitations the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), with respect to any sale of the Pledged Collateral, limit the purchasers to those who will agree, among other things, to acquire such Pledged Collateral for their own account, for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that in light of such restrictions and limitations, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, may (but shall not be obligated to) (a) proceed to make such a sale whether or not a registration statement for the purpose of registering such Pledged Collateral or part thereof shall have been filed under the Federal Securities Laws to the extent the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent has determined that such a registration is not required by any Requirements of Law and (b) approach and negotiate with a limited number of potential purchasers (including a single potential purchaser) to effect such sale. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that any such sale might result in prices and other terms less favorable to the seller than if such sale were a public sale without such restrictions. In the event of any such sale, the Second Lien

 

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Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall incur no responsibility or liability for selling all or any part of the Pledged Collateral at a price that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, may in good faith deem reasonable under the circumstances, notwithstanding the possibility that a substantially higher price might have been realized if the sale were deferred until after registration as aforesaid or if more than a limited number of purchasers (or a single purchaser) were approached. The provisions of this Section 5.02 will apply notwithstanding the existence of a public or private market upon which the quotations or sales prices may exceed substantially the price at which the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent sells all or any applicable part of the Pledged Collateral.

SECTION 5.03. Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property(h) . For the exclusive purpose of enabling the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to exercise rights and remedies under this Agreement at such time as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be lawfully entitled (but not obligated) to exercise such rights and remedies, each Grantor shall, upon prior written request by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent at any time during the continuance of an Event of Default, grant to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent a nonexclusive, non-transferable irrevocable, royalty-free, limited license (until the termination or cure of the Event of Default) to use any of the Collateral consisting of Intellectual Property now owned or hereafter acquired by such Grantor, and wherever the same may be located, and including in such license reasonable access to all media in which any of the licensed items may be recorded or stored and to all computer software and programs used for the compilation or printout thereof; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 5.03 shall require Grantors to grant any license that is prohibited by any rule of law, statute or regulation, or is prohibited by, or constitutes a breach or default under or results in the termination of any contract, license, agreement, instrument or other document with respect to such Intellectual Property, or gives any third party any right of acceleration, modification, termination or cancellation in any such document, or otherwise unreasonably prejudices the value of such Intellectual Property to the relevant Grantor; provided, further, that such licenses to be granted hereunder with respect to Trademarks shall be subject to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s maintenance of quality standards with respect to the goods and services on which such Trademarks are used sufficient to preserve the validity of such Trademarks. For the avoidance of doubt, the use of such license by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may be exercised at the option of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, but in any event solely during the continuation of an Event of Default and upon termination of the Event of Default; such license to the Intellectual Property shall automatically and immediately terminate and any Intellectual Property in the possession of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be returned to such Grantor.

ARTICLE VI

Miscellaneous

SECTION 6.01. Notices. All communications and notices hereunder shall (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein) be in writing and given as provided in Section 13.01 of the Indenture. All communications and notices hereunder to any Grantor shall be given to it in care of Holdings as provided in Section 13.01 of the Indenture.

 

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SECTION 6.02. Waivers; Amendment. (a) No failure or delay by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other Notes Document shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties hereunder and under the other Notes Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the other Secured Parties would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any Note Party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section 6.02, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. No notice or demand on any Note Party in any case shall entitle any Note Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.

(b) Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Controlling Party and the Grantor or Grantors with respect to which such waiver, amendment or modification is to apply, subject to any consent required in accordance with Section 9.02 of the Indenture; provided that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), with the consent of the Controlling Party or otherwise in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, consent to a departure by any Grantor from any covenant of such Grantor set forth herein to the extent such departure is consistent with the authority of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent set forth in the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” in the Indenture.

SECTION 6.03. Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification. (a) Each Grantor, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, agrees to reimburse the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent for its fees and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred hereunder as provided in the fee agreement between the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Issuer and as provided in Sections 7.07 and 12.02 of the Indenture; provided that each reference therein to the “Issuer” shall be deemed to be a reference to “each Grantor.”

(b) Without limitation of its indemnification obligations under the other Notes Documents, each Grantor, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, agrees to indemnify the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Trustee and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents (each an “Indemnitee”) against, and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and fees and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of one primary counsel and one local counsel in each relevant jurisdiction (and, in the case of a conflict of interest, where the Indemnitee affected by such conflict notifies the Issuer of the existence of such conflict and thereafter retains its own counsel, one additional counsel) for all Indemnitees (which may include a single special counsel acting in multiple jurisdictions), incurred by or asserted against any Indemnitee by any third party or by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether brought by a third party or by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such

 

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losses, claims, damages, liabilities, costs or related expenses (x) resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment), or (y) arose from disputes between or among Indemnitees (other than disputes involving claims against the Trustee or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in each case, in their respective capacities) that do not involve an act or omission by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary.

(c) To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, no Grantor shall assert, and each Grantor hereby waives, any claim against any Indemnitee for any direct or actual damages arising from the use by unintended recipients of information or other materials distributed to such unintended recipients by such Indemnitee through telecommunications, electronic or other information transmission systems (including the Internet) in connection with this Agreement or the other Notes Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such direct or actual damages are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee.

(d) The provisions of this Section 6.03 shall remain operative and in full force and effect and shall survive regardless of the termination of this Agreement or any other Notes Document, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, the repayment of any of the Notes Obligations, the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Notes Document, or any investigation made by or on behalf of any Secured Party or the resignation or removal of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. All amounts due under this Section 6.03 shall be payable not later than 10 Business Days after written demand therefor; provided, however, any Indemnitee shall promptly refund an indemnification payment received hereunder to the extent that there is a final judicial determination that such Indemnitee was not entitled to indemnification with respect to such payment pursuant to this Section 6.03. Any such amounts payable as provided hereunder shall be additional Notes Obligations.

SECTION 6.04. Successors and Assigns. Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the permitted successors and assigns of such party, and all covenants, promises and agreements by or on behalf of any Grantor or the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent that are contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.

SECTION 6.05. Survival of Agreement. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Note Parties in this Agreement or any other Notes Document and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement or any other Notes Document shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Secured Parties and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Notes Documents, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Secured Party, and shall continue in full force and effect until either (x) the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture in accordance with Article 11 of the Indenture or (y) a Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance of the Indenture in accordance with Article 8 of the Indenture has occurred (either such event, a “Termination Event”), in each case, in accordance with and subject to provisions in the Indenture that are expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture.

 

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SECTION 6.06. Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as to any Grantor when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Grantor shall have been delivered to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on behalf of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, and thereafter shall be binding upon such Grantor and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of such Grantor, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and their respective successors and assigns, except that no Grantor shall have the right to assign or transfer its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein (and any such assignment or transfer shall be void) except as expressly provided in this Agreement and the Indenture. This Agreement shall be construed as a separate agreement with respect to each Grantor and may be amended, modified, supplemented, waived or released with respect to any Grantor without the approval of any other Grantor and without affecting the obligations of any other Grantor hereunder.

SECTION 6.07. Severability. Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.

SECTION 6.08. Right of Set-off. If an Event of Default under the Indenture shall have occurred and be continuing, each Secured Party and any of their respective Affiliates is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final, in whatever currency) at any time held and other obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by such Secured Party or any such Affiliate to or for the credit or the account of any Grantor against any of and all the obligations of such Grantor then due and owing under this Agreement or any other Notes Document held by such Secured Party, irrespective of whether or not such Secured Party shall have made any demand under this Agreement and although (i) such obligations may be contingent or unmatured and (ii) such obligations are owed to a branch or office of such Secured Party different from the branch or office holding such deposit or obligated on such Indebtedness. The applicable Secured Party shall notify the applicable Grantor and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent of such setoff and application; provided that any failure to give or any delay in giving such notice shall not affect the validity of any such setoff and application under this Section 6.08. The rights of each Secured Party and their respective Affiliates under this Section 6.08 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Secured Party and any of their respective Affiliates may have.

 

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SECTION 6.09. Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Appointment of Service of Process Agent. (a) This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

(b) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect any right that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Trustee, or any Holder may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement against any Grantor or its respective properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.

(c) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any court referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section 6.09. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

(d) Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 6.01. Nothing in this Agreement will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.

(e) Each Grantor hereby irrevocably designates, appoints and empowers the Issuer as its designee, appointee and agent to receive, accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf, and in respect of its property, service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents that may be served in any such action or proceeding and the Issuer hereby accepts such designation and appointment.

SECTION 6.10. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER NOTE DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 6.10.

 

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SECTION 6.11. Headings. Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.

SECTION 6.12. Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder, the Security Interest, the grant of a security interest in the Pledged Collateral and all obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of the Indenture, any other Notes Document, any agreement with respect to any of the Notes Obligations or any other agreement or instrument relating to any of the foregoing, (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Notes Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to any departure from the Indenture, any other Notes Document or any other agreement or instrument, (c) any exchange, release or non-perfection of any Lien on other collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent under or departure from any guarantee securing or guaranteeing all or any of the Notes Obligations or (d) any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, any Grantor in respect of the Notes Obligations or this Agreement.

SECTION 6.13. Termination or Release. (a) This Agreement, the Security Interest and all other security interests granted hereby shall terminate automatically upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture).

(b) The Security Interest and all other security interest granted hereby shall also automatically terminate and be released at the time or times and in the manner set forth in Section 12.03 of the Indenture.

(c) In connection with any termination or release pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section 6.13, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to any Note Party, at such Note Party’s expense, all documents prepared by or on behalf of such Note Party that such Note Party shall reasonably request in writing to evidence such termination or release so long as the applicable Note Party shall have provided the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent such certifications or documents as the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall reasonably request in order to demonstrate compliance with this Section 6.13. Any execution and delivery of documents by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 6.13 shall be without recourse to or representation or warranty of any kind by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party.

SECTION 6.14. Additional Subsidiaries. The Grantors shall cause, consistent with the Indenture, each Intermediate Parent and each Restricted Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary, or to the extent required by the Indenture, any other Restricted Subsidiary that the Issuer, at its option, elects to become a Grantor, to execute and deliver to the Second Lien Notes

 

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Collateral Agent a Grantor Supplement and a Perfection Certificate (or a supplement thereof) regarding such Intermediate Parent or Restricted Subsidiary within the time period provided in Section 4.13 of the Indenture. Upon execution and delivery of such documents to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, any such Intermediate Parent or Subsidiary shall become a Grantor, as applicable, hereunder with the same force and effect as if originally named as such herein. The execution and delivery of any such instrument or document shall not require the consent of any other Grantor hereunder. The rights and obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of any new Grantor as a party to this Agreement.

SECTION 6.15. Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact. Each Grantor hereby makes, constitutes and appoints the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and all officers, employees or agents designated by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent) the attorney-in-fact of such Grantor for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and taking any action and executing any instrument that the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes hereof at any time after and during the continuance of an Event of Default, which appointment is irrevocable (until termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 6.13) and coupled with an interest. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation), but only upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default and, other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 6.01(h) or 6.01(i) of the Indenture, written notice by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to the Issuer of its intent to exercise such rights, with full power of substitution either in the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s name or in the name of such Grantor: (a) to receive, indorse, assign and/or deliver any and all notes, acceptances, checks, drafts, money orders or other evidences of payment relating to the Collateral or any part thereof; (b) to demand, collect, receive payment of, give receipt for and give discharges and releases of all or any of the Collateral; (c) to sign the name of any Grantor on any invoice or bill of lading relating to any of the Collateral; (d) upon prior written notice to the Issuer (other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 6.01(h) or 6.01(i) of the Indenture), to send verifications of accounts receivable to any Account Debtor; (e) to commence and prosecute any and all suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity in any court of competent jurisdiction to collect or otherwise realize on all or any of the Collateral or to enforce any rights in respect of any Collateral; (f) to settle, compromise, compound, adjust or defend any actions, suits or proceedings relating to all or any of the Collateral; (g) upon prior written notice to the Issuer (other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 6.01(h) or 6.01(i) of the Indenture), to notify, or to require any Grantor to notify, Account Debtors to make payment directly to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent; (h) to use, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, make any agreement with respect to or otherwise deal with all or any of the Collateral, and to do all other acts and things necessary to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, as fully and completely as though the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent were the absolute owner of the Collateral for all purposes, and (i) to make, settle and adjust claims in respect of Article 9 Collateral under policies of insurance, indorsing the name of such Grantor on any check, draft, instrument or other item of payment for the proceeds of such policies of insurance and for making all determinations and decisions with respect thereto; provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring or obligating the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to make any commitment or to make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, or to present or file any claim or notice, or to take any action with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof or the moneys due or to become due in respect thereof or any property covered

 

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thereby. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall be accountable only for amounts actually received as a result of the exercise of the powers granted to them herein, and neither they nor their officers, directors, employees or agents shall be responsible to any Grantor for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for their own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct or that of any of their controlled Affiliates, directors, officers, employees, counsel, agents or attorneys-in-fact.

SECTION 6.16. Concerning the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.SECTION 6.17.

(a) Wilmington Trust, National Association is entering this Agreement not in its individual capacity, but solely in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, indemnities and immunities granted to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent in the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, indemnities and immunities were set forth herein. In the case of a conflict between this Agreement or any other Security Document and the Indenture with respect to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s rights, the Indenture shall control.

(b) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or any other Notes Document to the contrary, in the exercise of any power or discretion under this Agreement, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to seek the direction of the Trustee or the Controlling Party and shall be entitled to refrain from acting (and shall have no liability to any Person for doing so) until it has received such direction accompanied by, if requested, indemnity or security satisfactory to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
SOTERA HEALTH LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
STERIGENICS U.S., LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Second Lien Collateral Agreement]


SOTERA HEALTH SERVICES, LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Second Lien Collateral Agreement]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL

ASSOCIATION, solely in its capacity as

Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent

By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
Name:   W. Thomas Morris II
Title:   Vice President

[Signature Page to Second Lien Collateral Agreement]

EX-10.19

Exhibit 10.19

PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among STERIGENICS U.S., LLC (the “Grantor”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the Indenture dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company(the “Issuer”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and (b) the Second Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Second Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Issuer, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Patents listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Patent Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any patent or patent application.

SECTION 3. Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Patent Collateral are more fully set forth in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 4. Termination. Subject to Section 6.13 of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture), the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, without recourse, representation or warranty of any kind, execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantor all instruments in writing prepared by or on behalf of the Grantor in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Patent Collateral under this Agreement.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of


which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

SECTION 7. Concerning the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement. Wilmington Trust, National Association is executing this Agreement not in its individual or corporate capacity, but solely in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities granted to it under the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities were set forth herein.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

STERIGENICS U.S., LLC, as Grantor
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name: Scott J. Leffler
Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
Name: W. Thomas Morris II
Title: Vice President

[Signature Page Patent Security Agreement]

EX-10.20

Exhibit 10.20

TRADEMARK SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among STERIGENICS U.S., LLC (the “Grantor”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the Indenture dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and (b) the Second Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Second Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Issuer, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Trademarks listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Trademark Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any trademark or trademark application. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trademark Collateral shall not include, and in no event shall the Security Interest attach to, any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act.

SECTION 3. Termination. Subject to Section 6.13 of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture), the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, without recourse, representation or warranty of any kind, execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantor all instruments in writing prepared by or on behalf of the Grantor in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Trademark Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 4. Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Trademark Collateral are more fully set forth in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

SECTION 7. Concerning the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement. Wilmington Trust, National Association is executing this Agreement not in its individual or corporate capacity, but solely in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities granted to it under the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities were set forth herein.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

STERIGENICS U.S., LLC, as Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
Name:   W. Thomas Morris II
Title:   Vice President

[Signature Page to Trademark Security Agreement]

EX-10.21

Exhibit 10.21

TRADEMARK SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC (the “Grantor”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the Indenture dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and (b) the Second Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Second Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Issuer, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Trademarks listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Trademark Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any trademark or trademark application. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trademark Collateral shall not include, and in no event shall the Security Interest attach to, any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act.

SECTION 3. Termination. Subject to Section 6.13 of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture), the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, without recourse, representation or warranty of any kind, execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantor all instruments in writing prepared by or on behalf of the Grantor in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Trademark Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 4. Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Trademark Collateral are more fully set forth in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

SECTION 7. Concerning the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement. Wilmington Trust, National Association is executing this Agreement not in its individual or corporate capacity, but solely in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities granted to it under the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities were set forth herein.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

-2-


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC, as Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
 

Name: Scott J. Leffler

Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent

By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II

Name:

Title:

 

W. Thomas Morris II

Vice President

[Signature Page to Trademark Security Agreement]

EX-10.22

Exhibit 10.22

TRADEMARK SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among SOTERA HEALTH LLC (the “Grantor”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the Indenture dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and (b) the Second Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Second Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Issuer, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Trademarks listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Trademark Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any trademark or trademark application. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trademark Collateral shall not include, and in no event shall the Security Interest attach to, any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act.

SECTION 3. Termination. Subject to Section 6.13 of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture), the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, without recourse, representation or warranty of any kind, execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantor all instruments in writing prepared by or on behalf of the Grantor in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Trademark Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 4. Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Trademark Collateral are more fully set forth in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

SECTION 7. Concerning the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement. Wilmington Trust, National Association is executing this Agreement not in its individual or corporate capacity, but solely in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities granted to it under the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities were set forth herein.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH LLC, as Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
 

Name: Scott J. Leffler

Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II

Name: W. Thomas Morris II

Title: Vice President

[Signature Page to Trademark Security Agreement]

EX-10.23

Exhibit 10.23

COPYRIGHT SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of December 13, 2019 (this “Agreement”), among NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC (the “Grantor”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the Indenture dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent and (b) the Second Lien Collateral Agreement dated of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Second Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Issuer, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Copyrights listed on Schedule I attached hereto (collectively, the “Copyright Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any copyright or copyright application.

SECTION 3. Second Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Copyright Collateral are more fully set forth in the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 4. Termination. Subject to Section 6.13 of the Second Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture), the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, without recourse, representation or warranty of any kind, execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantor all instruments in writing prepared by or on behalf of the Grantor in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Copyright Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

SECTION 7. Concerning the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement. Wilmington Trust, National Association is executing this Agreement not in its individual or corporate capacity, but solely in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities granted to it under the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities were set forth herein.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC, as Grantor
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
Name:   W. Thomas Morris II
Title:   Vice President

[Signature Page to Copyright Security Agreement]

EX-10.24

Exhibit 10.24

FIRST/SECOND LIEN INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT

dated as of December 13, 2019

among

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

THE OTHER GRANTORS PARTY HERETO,

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,

as First Lien Collateral Agent

and

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as the Initial Second Priority Representative


FIRST/SECOND LIEN INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”), among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), the other Grantors (as defined below) from time to time party hereto, JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC (“Jefferies”), as administrative agent and collateral agent under the First Lien Credit Agreement (in such capacity and together with its successors in such capacity, the “First Lien Collateral Agent”), WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION (“Wilmington Trust”), solely in its capacity as second lien notes collateral agent under the Second Lien Indenture (in such capacity and together with its successors in such capacity, the “Initial Second Priority Representative”), and each additional Second Priority Representative and Senior Representative that from time to time becomes a party hereto pursuant to Section 8.09.

In consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the First Lien Collateral Agent (for itself and on behalf of the First Lien Credit Agreement Secured Parties), the Initial Second Priority Representative for itself and on behalf of the Initial Second Priority Debt Parties and each additional Senior Representative (for itself and on behalf of the Additional Senior Debt Parties under the applicable Additional Senior Debt Facility) and each additional Second Priority Representative (for itself and on behalf of the Second Priority Debt Parties under the applicable Second Priority Debt Facility) agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

Definitions

SECTION 1.01. Certain Defined Terms. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein have the meanings set forth in the First Lien Credit Agreement or, if defined in the New York UCC, the meanings specified therein. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

Additional Senior Debt” means any Indebtedness that is issued or guaranteed by the Company and/or any Guarantor (other than Indebtedness constituting First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations) which Indebtedness and Guarantees are secured by the Senior Collateral (or a portion thereof) on a basis senior to the Second Priority Debt Obligations; provided, however, that (i) such Indebtedness is permitted to be incurred, secured and guaranteed on such basis by each then extant Senior Debt Document and not prohibited by any then extant Second Priority Debt Document and (ii) the Representative for the holders of such Indebtedness shall have become party to (A) this Agreement pursuant to, and by satisfying the conditions set forth in, Section 8.09 hereof, and (B) the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement pursuant to, and by satisfying the conditions set forth in, Article VI thereof; provided further that, if such Indebtedness will be the initial Additional Senior Debt incurred by the Company after the date hereof, then the Guarantors, the First Lien Collateral Agent and the Representative for such Indebtedness shall have executed and delivered the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement. Additional Senior Debt shall include any Registered Equivalent Notes and Guarantees thereof by the Guarantors issued in exchange therefor.

 

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Additional Senior Debt Documents” means, with respect to any series, issue or class of Additional Senior Debt, the promissory notes, credit agreements, indentures, Collateral Documents or other operative agreements evidencing or governing such Indebtedness, including the Senior Collateral Documents.

Additional Senior Debt Facility” means each credit agreement, indenture or other governing agreement with respect to any Additional Senior Debt.

Additional Senior Debt Obligations” means, with respect to any series, issue or class of Additional Senior Debt, (a) all principal of, and interest payable with respect to, such Additional Senior Debt, (b) all other amounts payable to the related Additional Senior Debt Parties under the related Additional Senior Debt Documents and (c) any renewals or extensions of the foregoing, including, in each case, without limitation, any interest, fees, expenses and other amounts which accrue after the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, whether or not allowed or allowable as a claim in any such proceeding.

Additional Senior Debt Parties” means, with respect to any series, issue or class of Additional Senior Debt Obligations, the holders of such obligations, the Representative with respect thereto, any trustee or agent therefor under any related Additional Senior Debt Documents and the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by the Company or any Guarantor under any related Additional Senior Debt Documents.

Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended.

Bankruptcy Law” means the Bankruptcy Code and any similar federal, state or foreign law for the relief of debtors.

Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday, or day on which banks in New York City are authorized or required by law to close.

Class Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Class Debt Parties” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Class Debt Representatives” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Collateral” means the Senior Collateral and the Second Priority Collateral.

Collateral Documents” means the Senior Collateral Documents and the Second Priority Collateral Documents.

Company” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

 

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Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.

Controlled Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.06(a).

Credit Agreement Loan Documents” means the First Lien Credit Agreement and the other “First Lien Loan Documents” as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement.

Debt Facility” means any Senior Facility and any Second Priority Debt Facility.

Designated Second Priority Representative” means (i) the Initial Second Priority Representative, until such time as the Second Priority Debt Facility under the Initial Second Priority Debt Documents ceases to be the only Second Priority Debt Facility under this Agreement and (ii) at any time when clause (i) does not apply, the Applicable Collateral Agent (as defined in the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement) at such time and set forth in a written notice to the Designated Senior Representative and the Company.

Designated Senior Representative” means (i) if at any time there is only one Senior Representative for a Senior Facility with respect to which the Discharge of Senior Obligations has not occurred, such Senior Representative, and (ii) at any time when clause (i) does not apply, the Applicable Collateral Agent (as defined in the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement) at such time and set forth in a written notice to the Designated Second Priority Representative and the Company.

DIP Financing” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.01.

Discharge” means, with respect to any Debt Facility, the date on which such Debt Facility and the Senior Obligations or Second Priority Debt Obligations thereunder, as the case may be, are no longer secured by any Shared Collateral pursuant to the terms of the documentation governing such Debt Facility. The term “Discharged” shall have a corresponding meaning.

Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations” means the date on which the Discharge of the First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations occurs with respect to all the Shared Collateral for such Senior Facility; provided that the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations shall not be deemed to have occurred in connection with a Refinancing of such First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations with an Additional Senior Debt Facility secured by the Shared Collateral under one or more Additional Senior Debt Documents which has been designated in writing by the Senior Representative (under the First Lien Credit Agreement so Refinanced) to the Designated Senior Representative as the “First Lien Credit Agreement” for purposes of this Agreement.

Discharge of Senior Obligations” means the date on which the Discharge of First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations and the Discharge of each Additional Senior Debt Facility has occurred (other than in respect of any Excluded Senior Obligations).

Disposition” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.01(a).

 

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Excluded Senior Obligations” means obligations in respect of principal of Indebtedness under loans and notes outstanding under the Senior Debt Documents (excluding any Secured Cash Management Obligations and Secured Swap Obligations) the amount of which is in excess of the Maximum Senior Principal Amount, together with any interest, fees, prepayment penalties, make-whole, termination fees or other premiums accrued on or with respect to such excess amount.

First Lien Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement and shall include any successor administrative agent and collateral agent as provided in Article VIII of the First Lien Credit Agreement.

First Lien Collateral Agreement” means that certain First Lien Collateral Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among Holdings, the Company, the other Grantors party thereto and the First Lien Collateral Agent, as amended, restated, amended and restated, extended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

First Lien Credit Agreement” means that certain First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among Holdings, the Company, the lenders and issuing banks from time to time party thereto, Jefferies, as first lien administrative agent and first lien collateral agent, and the other parties thereto, as amended, restated, amended and restated, extended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations” means the “Secured Obligations” as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement.

First Lien Credit Agreement Secured Parties” means the “Secured Parties” as defined in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Credit Agreement.

Grantors” means Holdings, the Company, each Intermediate Parent and each Subsidiary of the Company or direct or indirect parent company of the Company which has granted a security interest pursuant to any Collateral Document to secure any Secured Obligations.

Guarantors” means the “Loan Guarantors” as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement.

Holdings” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Initial Second Priority Debt” means the Indebtedness of the Company and any other Grantor incurred pursuant to the Initial Second Priority Debt Documents.

Initial Second Priority Debt Documents” means the Second Lien Indenture and the other “Notes Documents” as defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

 

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Initial Second Priority Debt Obligations” means the “Notes Obligations” as defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Initial Second Priority Debt Parties” means the “Secured Parties” as defined in the Second Lien Indenture.

Initial Second Priority Representative” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement and shall include any successor collateral agent.

Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding” means:

(1) any case or proceeding commenced by or against the Company or any other Grantor under any Bankruptcy Law, any other proceeding for the reorganization, recapitalization or adjustment or marshalling of the assets or liabilities of the Company or any other Grantor, any receivership or assignment for the benefit of creditors relating to the Company or any other Grantor or any similar case or proceeding relative to the Company or any other Grantor or its creditors, as such, in each case whether or not voluntary;

(2) any liquidation, dissolution, marshalling of assets or liabilities or other winding up of or relating to the Company or any other Grantor, in each case whether or not voluntary and whether or not involving bankruptcy or insolvency; or

(3) any other proceeding of any type or nature in which substantially all claims of creditors of the Company or any other Grantor are determined and any payment or distribution is or may be made on account of such claims.

Intellectual Property” has the meaning assigned to such term in the First Lien Collateral Agreement.

Jefferies” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Joinder Agreement” means a supplement to this Agreement in the form of Annex II or Annex III hereof required to be delivered by a Representative to the Designated Senior Representative or the Designated Second Priority Representative, as the case may be, pursuant to Section 8.09 hereof in order to include an additional Debt Facility hereunder and to become the Representative hereunder for the Senior Secured Parties or Second Priority Debt Parties, as the case may be, under such Debt Facility.

Lien” means, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset and (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such asset.

 

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Maximum Senior Principal Amount” means, at any time, (a) $2,442,500,000 plus (b) an aggregate principal amount equal to the amount of any incremental facilities (or First Lien Incremental Equivalent Debt in lieu thereof) and any other secured Indebtedness pari passu or senior to the Senior Obligations that would, at the time of incurrence, be permitted to be incurred and secured on a pari passu basis with or senior to the Senior Obligations under the terms of the First Lien Credit Agreement (as in effect on the date hereof or as amended pursuant to an amendment not prohibited by the Second Priority Debt Documents) plus (c) any additional principal amount of Indebtedness in connection with any refinancing of the foregoing to the extent permitted under the First Lien Credit Agreement (as in effect on the date hereof or as amended pursuant to an amendment not prohibited by the Second Priority Debt Documents), but only to the extent the amount of such refinancing exceeds the refinanced Indebtedness. For the avoidance of doubt, Secured Cash Management Obligations and Secured Swap Obligations shall not be included in any calculations of the Maximum Senior Principal Amount and shall at all times remain Senior Obligations.

New York UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the State of New York.

Officers Certificate” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.08.

parent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Subsidiary.”

Person” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, governmental authority or other entity.

Pledged Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.06(a).

Proceeds” means the proceeds of any sale, collection or other liquidation of Shared Collateral and any payment or distribution made in respect of Shared Collateral in an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding and any amounts received by any Senior Representative or any Senior Secured Party from a Second Priority Debt Party in respect of Shared Collateral pursuant to this Agreement.

Purchase Event” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.08.

Recovery” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.04.

Refinance” means, in respect of any indebtedness, to refinance, extend, renew, defease, amend, increase, modify, supplement, restructure, refund, replace or repay, or to issue other indebtedness or enter alternative financing arrangements, in exchange or replacement for such indebtedness (in whole or in part), including by adding or replacing lenders, creditors, agents, borrowers and/or guarantors, and including in each case, but not limited to, after the original instrument giving rise to such indebtedness has been terminated and including, in each case, through any credit agreement, indenture or other agreement. “Refinanced” and “Refinancing” have correlative meanings.

Registered Equivalent Notes” means, with respect to any notes originally issued in a Rule 144A or other private placement transaction under the Securities Act of 1933, substantially identical notes (having the same Guarantees) issued in a dollar-for-dollar exchange therefor pursuant to an exchange offer registered with the SEC.

 

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Representatives” means the Senior Representatives and the Second Priority Representatives.

SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and any successor agency thereto.

Second Lien Indenture” means that certain Indenture dated as of the date hereof, among Holdings, the Company, as the issuer, Wilmington Trust, as trustee and as second lien collateral agent, and the other parties thereto, as amended, restated, amended and restated, extended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Second Lien Indenture.

Second Priority Class Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Second Priority Class Debt Parties” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Second Priority Class Debt Representative” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Second Priority Collateral” means any “Collateral” (or equivalent term) as defined in any Second Priority Debt Document or any other assets of the Company or any other Grantor with respect to which a Lien is granted or purported to be granted pursuant to a Second Priority Collateral Document as security for any Second Priority Debt Obligation.

Second Priority Collateral Documents” means the “Security Documents” as defined in the Second Lien Indenture, the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement (upon and after the initial execution and delivery thereof by the initial parties thereto) and each of the collateral agreements, security agreements and other instruments and documents executed and delivered by the Company or any Grantor for purposes of providing collateral security for any Second Priority Debt Obligation.

Second Priority Debt” means (a) the Initial Second Priority Debt and (b) any other Indebtedness of the Company or any other Grantor guaranteed by the Guarantors (and not guaranteed by any Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor), which Indebtedness and guarantees are secured by the Second Priority Collateral on a basis junior to the Senior Obligations and the applicable Second Priority Debt Documents with respect to which provide that such Indebtedness and guarantees are to be secured by such Second Priority Collateral on a subordinate basis to the Senior Debt Obligations (and which is not secured by Liens on any assets of the Company or any other Grantor other than the Second Priority Collateral or which are not included in the Senior Collateral); provided, however, that (i) such Indebtedness is permitted to be incurred, secured and guaranteed on such basis by each then extant Senior Debt Document and Second Priority Debt Document and (ii) the Representative for the holders of such Indebtedness shall have become party to this Agreement pursuant to, and by satisfying the conditions set forth in, Section 8.09 hereof; provided further that, if such Indebtedness will be the initial Additional Second Priority Debt incurred by the Company after the date hereof, then the Guarantors, the Initial Second Priority Representative and the Representative for such Indebtedness shall have executed and delivered the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement. Second Priority Debt shall include any Registered Equivalent Notes and Guarantees thereof by the Guarantors issued in exchange therefor.

 

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Second Priority Debt Documents” means the Initial Second Lien Priority Debt Documents and, with respect to any series, issue or class of Second Priority Debt, the credit agreements, promissory notes, indentures, collateral documents or other operative agreements evidencing or governing such Indebtedness, including the Second Priority Collateral Documents.

Second Priority Debt Facility” means each of the Second Lien Indenture and each indenture or other governing agreement with respect to any other Second Priority Debt.

Second Priority Debt Obligations” means the Initial Second Priority Debt Obligations and, with respect to any series, issue or class of Second Priority Debt, (a) all principal of, and interest payable with respect to, such Second Priority Debt, (b) all other amounts payable to the related Second Priority Debt Parties under the related Second Priority Debt Documents and (c) any renewals or extensions of the foregoing, including, without limitation, in each case, any interest, fees, expenses and other amounts which accrue after the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, whether or not allowed or allowable as a claim in any such proceeding.

Second Priority Debt Parties” means the Initial Second Priority Debt Parties and with respect to any series, issue or class of Second Priority Debt, the holders of such Indebtedness, the Representative with respect thereto, any trustee or agent therefor under any related Second Priority Debt Documents and the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by the Company or any other Grantor under any related Second Priority Debt Documents.

Second Priority Lien” means the Liens on the Second Priority Collateral in favor of Second Priority Debt Parties under Second Priority Collateral Documents.

Second Priority Representative” means (i) in the case of the Second Lien Indenture, the Initial Second Priority Representative, and (ii) in the case of any other Second Priority Debt Facility and the Second Priority Debt Parties thereunder the trustee, administrative agent, collateral agent, security agent or similar agent under such Second Priority Debt Facility that is named as the representative in respect of such Second Priority Debt Facility in the applicable Joinder Agreement.

Second Priority Standstill Period” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01(a).

Secured Obligations” means the Senior Obligations and the Second Priority Debt Obligations.

Secured Parties” means the Senior Secured Parties and the Second Priority Debt Parties.

 

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Senior Class Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Senior Class Debt Parties” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Senior Class Debt Representative” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 8.09.

Senior Collateral” means any “Collateral” (or equivalent term) as defined in any First Lien Loan Document or any other Senior Debt Document or any other assets of the Company or any other Grantor with respect to which a Lien is granted or purported to be granted pursuant to a Senior Collateral Document as security for any Senior Obligations.

Senior Collateral Documents” means the First Lien Collateral Agreement and the other “Security Documents” as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement, the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement (upon and after the initial execution and delivery thereof by the initial parties thereto) and each of the collateral agreements, security agreements and other instruments and documents executed and delivered by Holdings, the Company or any other Grantor for purposes of providing collateral security for any Senior Obligation.

Senior Debt Documents” means (a) the Credit Agreement Loan Documents and (b) any Additional Senior Debt Documents.

Senior Facilities” means the First Lien Credit Agreement and any Additional Senior Debt Facilities.

Senior Lien” means the Liens on the Senior Collateral in favor of the Senior Secured Parties under the Senior Collateral Documents.

Senior Obligations” means the First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations and any Additional Senior Debt Obligations; provided that Senior Obligations shall not include Excluded Senior Obligations.

Senior Representative” means (i) in the case of any First Lien Credit Agreement Obligations or the First Lien Credit Agreement Secured Parties, the First Lien Collateral Agent, (ii) in the case of any Additional Senior Debt Facility and the Additional Senior Debt Parties thereunder (including with respect to any Additional Senior Debt Facility initially covered hereby on the date of this Agreement), the trustee, administrative agent, collateral agent, security agent or similar agent under such Additional Senior Debt Facility that is named as the representative in respect of such Additional Senior Debt Facility in the applicable Joinder Agreement.

Senior Secured Parties” means the First Lien Credit Agreement Secured Parties and any Additional Senior Debt Parties.

Shared Collateral” means, at any time, Collateral in which the holders of Senior Obligations under at least one Senior Facility and the holders of Second Priority Debt Obligations under at least one Second Priority Debt Facility (or their Representatives) hold a security interest or Lien at such time (or, in the case of the Senior Facilities, are deemed pursuant to Article II to benefit from a security interest). If, at any time, any portion of the Senior Collateral under one or

 

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more Senior Facilities does not constitute Second Priority Collateral under one or more Second Priority Debt Facilities, then such portion of such Senior Collateral shall constitute Shared Collateral only with respect to the Second Priority Debt Facilities for which it constitutes Second Priority Collateral and shall not constitute Shared Collateral for any Second Priority Debt Facility which does not have a security interest or Lien in such Collateral at such time.

Subsidiary” with respect to any Person (the “parent”) at any date, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity the accounts of which would be consolidated with those of the parent in the parent’s consolidated financial statements if such financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity (a) of which securities or other ownership interests representing more than 50% of the equity or more than 50% of the ordinary voting power or, in the case of a partnership, more than 50% of the general partnership interests are, as of such date, owned, controlled or held, or (b) that is, as of such date, otherwise Controlled, by the parent or one or more subsidiaries of the parent or by the parent and one or more subsidiaries of the parent. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to a “Subsidiary” or to “Subsidiaries” shall refer to a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Company.

Wilmington Trust” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

SECTION 1.02. Terms Generally. The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.” The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.” Unless the context requires otherwise, (i) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument, other document, statute or regulation herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument, other document, statute or regulation as from time to time amended, supplemented or otherwise modified, (ii) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns, but shall not be deemed to include the subsidiaries of such Person unless express reference is made to such subsidiaries, (iii) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof, (iv) all references herein to Articles, Sections and Annexes shall be construed to refer to Articles, Sections and Annexes of this Agreement, (v) unless otherwise expressly qualified herein, the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights and (vi) the term “or” is not exclusive.

 

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ARTICLE II

Priorities and Agreements with Respect to Shared Collateral

SECTION 2.01. Subordination. (a) Notwithstanding the date, time, manner or order of filing or recordation of any document or instrument or grant, attachment or perfection of any Liens granted to any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Parties on the Shared Collateral or of any Liens granted to any Senior Representative or any other Senior Secured Party on the Shared Collateral (or any actual or alleged defect in any of the foregoing) and notwithstanding any provision of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in any applicable jurisdiction, any applicable law, any Second Priority Debt Document or any Senior Debt Document or any other circumstance whatsoever, each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby agrees that (a) any Lien on the Shared Collateral securing or purporting to secure any Senior Obligations now or hereafter held by or on behalf of any Senior Representative or any other Senior Secured Party or other agent or trustee therefor, regardless of how acquired, whether by grant, statute, operation of law, subrogation or otherwise, shall have priority over and be senior in all respects and prior to any Lien on the Shared Collateral securing or purporting to secure any Second Priority Debt Obligations and (b) any Lien on the Shared Collateral securing or purporting to secure any Second Priority Debt Obligations now or hereafter held by or on behalf of any Second Priority Representative, any Second Priority Debt Parties or any Second Priority Representative or other agent or trustee therefor, regardless of how acquired, whether by grant, statute, operation of law, subrogation or otherwise, shall be junior and subordinate in all respects to all Liens on the Shared Collateral securing or purporting to secure any Senior Obligations. All Liens on the Shared Collateral securing or purporting to secure any Senior Obligations shall be and remain senior in all respects and prior to all Liens on the Shared Collateral securing or purporting to secure any Second Priority Debt Obligations for all purposes, whether or not such Liens securing or purporting to secure any Senior Obligations are subordinated to any Lien securing any other obligation of the Company, any Grantor or any other Person or otherwise subordinated, voided, avoided, invalidated or lapsed.

SECTION 2.02. No Payment Subordination; Nature of Senior Lender Claims.

(a) Except as otherwise set forth herein, the subordination of Liens securing Second Priority Debt Obligations to Liens securing Senior Obligations set forth in Section 2.01 affects only the relative priority of those Liens and all Proceeds thereof and does not subordinate the Second Priority Debt Obligations in right of payment to the Senior Obligations; provided, for the avoidance of doubt, that all payments in respect of Shared Collateral and all Proceeds thereof shall be subject to Section 4.01. Except as otherwise set forth herein, nothing in this Agreement will affect the entitlement of the Second Priority Debt Parties to receive and retain required payments of interest, principal, and other amounts in respect of Second Priority Debt Obligations unless the receipt is expressly prohibited by, or results from the Second Priority Debt Parties’ breach of, this Agreement.

(b) Each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, acknowledges that (i) a portion of the Senior Obligations is revolving in nature and that the amount thereof that may be outstanding at any time or from time to time may be increased or reduced and subsequently reborrowed, (ii) the terms of the Senior Debt Documents and the Senior Obligations may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified, and the Senior Obligations, or a portion thereof, may be Refinanced from time to time subject to the provisions of Section 5.03(a), and (iii) subject to the provisions of Section 5.03(a), the aggregate amount of the Senior Obligations may be increased, in each case, without notice to or consent by the Second Priority Representatives or the Second Priority Debt Parties and without affecting the provisions hereof. The Lien priorities provided

 

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for in Section 2.01 shall not be altered or otherwise affected by any amendment, supplement or other modification, or any Refinancing, of either the Senior Obligations or the Second Priority Debt Obligations, or any portion thereof. As between the Company and the other Grantors and the Second Priority Debt Parties, the foregoing provisions will not limit or otherwise affect the obligations of the Company and the Grantors contained in any Second Priority Debt Document with respect to the incurrence of additional Senior Obligations.

SECTION 2.03. Prohibition on Contesting Liens. Each of the Second Priority Representatives, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that it shall not (and hereby waives any right to) contest or support any other Person in contesting, in any proceeding (including any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding), the validity, extent, perfection, priority, allowability, or enforceability of any Lien securing, or claims asserted with respect to, any Senior Obligations held (or purported to be held) by or on behalf of any Senior Representative or any of the other Senior Secured Parties or other agent or trustee therefor in any Senior Collateral. The Senior Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Senior Secured Party under its Senior Facility, agrees that it shall not (and hereby waives any right to) contest or support any other Person in contesting, in any proceeding (including any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding), the validity, extent, perfection, priority, allowability, or enforceability of any Lien securing, or claims asserted with respect to, any Second Priority Debt Obligations held (or purported to be held) by or on behalf of any Second Priority Representative or any of the Second Priority Debt Parties in the Second Priority Collateral. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision in this Agreement shall be construed to prevent or impair the rights of any Senior Representative to enforce this Agreement (including the priority of the Liens securing the Senior Obligations as provided in Section 2.01) or any of the Senior Debt Documents.

SECTION 2.04. No New Liens. The parties hereto agree that, so long as the Discharge of Senior Obligations has not occurred, none of the Grantors shall (a) grant or permit any additional Liens on any asset or property of any Grantor to secure any Second Priority Debt Obligation unless it has granted, or concurrently therewith grants, a Lien on such asset or property of such Grantor to secure the Senior Obligations or (b) grant or permit any additional Liens on any asset or property of any Grantor to secure any Senior Obligation unless it has granted, or concurrently therewith grants, a Lien on such asset or property of such Grantor to secure the Second Priority Debt Obligations; and (c) if any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party shall acquire or hold any Lien on any assets or property of any Grantor securing any Second Priority Obligations that are not also subject to the first-priority Liens securing all Senior Obligations under the Senior Collateral Documents, such Second Priority Representative or Second Priority Debt Party (i) shall notify the Designated Senior Representative promptly upon becoming aware thereof and, unless such Grantor shall promptly grant a similar Lien on such assets or property to each Senior Representative as security for the Senior Obligations, shall assign such Lien to the Designated Senior Representative as security for all Senior Obligations for the benefit of the Senior Secured Parties (but may retain a junior lien on such assets or property subject to the terms hereof) and (ii) until such assignment or such grant of a similar Lien to each Senior Representative, shall be deemed to also hold and have held such Lien for the benefit of each Senior Representative and the other Senior Secured Parties as security for the Senior Obligations. The parties hereto further agree that so long as the Discharge of Senior Obligations has not occurred, whether or not any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding has been commenced by or against any of the Grantors, if any Second Priority Debt Party shall acquire or hold any Lien on any assets of

 

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any Grantor securing any Second Priority Debt Obligation which assets are not also subject to the first priority Lien of the Senior Secured Parties under the Senior Debt Documents, then, without limiting any other rights and remedies available to the Senior Representative or the other Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and the Second Priority Debt Parties, agrees that any amounts received by or distributed to any of them pursuant to or as a result of Liens so granted shall be subject to Section 4.02.

SECTION 2.05. Perfection of Liens. Except for the limited agreements of the Senior Representatives pursuant to Section 5.06 hereof, none of the Senior Representatives or the Senior Secured Parties shall be responsible for perfecting and maintaining the perfection of Liens with respect to the Shared Collateral for the benefit of the Second Priority Representatives or the Second Priority Debt Parties. The provisions of this Agreement are intended solely to govern the respective Lien priorities as between the Senior Secured Parties and the Second Priority Debt Parties and shall not impose on the Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representatives, the Second Priority Debt Parties or any agent or trustee therefor any obligations in respect of the disposition of Proceeds of any Shared Collateral which would conflict with prior perfected claims therein in favor of any other Person or any order or decree of any court or governmental authority or any applicable law.

SECTION 2.06. Certain Cash Collateral. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or any other Senior Debt Documents or Second Priority Debt Documents to the contrary, Collateral consisting of cash and cash equivalents pledged to secure Senior Obligations consisting of reimbursement obligations in respect of Letters of Credit or otherwise held by the First Lien Collateral Agent pursuant to Section 2.05(j), 2.11(b), 2.22(a)(ii) or 2.22(a)(v) of the First Lien Credit Agreement (or any equivalent successor provision) shall be applied as specified in the First Lien Credit Agreement and will not constitute Shared Collateral.

ARTICLE III

Enforcement

SECTION 3.01. Exercise of Remedies.

(a) So long as the Discharge of Senior Obligations has not occurred, whether or not any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding has been commenced by or against the Company or any other Grantor, (i) neither any Second Priority Representative nor any Second Priority Debt Party will (x) exercise or seek to exercise any rights or remedies (including setoff or recoupment) with respect to any Shared Collateral in respect of any Second Priority Debt Obligations, or institute any action or proceeding with respect to such rights or remedies (including any action of foreclosure), (y) contest, protest or object to any foreclosure proceeding or action brought with respect to the Shared Collateral or any other Senior Collateral by any Senior Representative or any Senior Secured Party in respect of the Senior Obligations, the exercise of any right by any Senior Representative or any Senior Secured Party (or any agent or sub-agent on their behalf) in respect of the Senior Obligations under any lockbox agreement, control agreement, landlord waiver or bailee’s letter, if applicable, or similar agreement or arrangement to which any Senior Representative or any Senior Secured Party either is a party or may have rights as a third party beneficiary, or any other exercise by any such party of any rights

 

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and remedies relating to the Shared Collateral under the Senior Debt Documents or otherwise in respect of the Senior Collateral or the Senior Obligations, or (z) object to the forbearance by the Senior Secured Parties from bringing or pursuing any foreclosure proceeding or action or any other exercise of any rights or remedies relating to the Shared Collateral in respect of Senior Obligations, and (ii) except as otherwise provided herein, the Senior Representatives and the Senior Secured Parties shall have the exclusive right to enforce rights, exercise remedies (including setoff or recoupment and the right to credit bid their debt) and make determinations regarding the release, disposition or restrictions with respect to the Shared Collateral without any consultation with or the consent of any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party; provided, however, that any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party may exercise any or all such rights after the passage of a period of 120 days from the date of delivery of a notice in writing to the Designated Senior Representative of such Second Priority Representative’s or Second Priority Debt Party’s intention to exercise its right to take such actions, which notice shall specify that an “Event of Default” as defined in the applicable Second Priority Debt Documents has occurred and, as a result of such “Event of Default”, the principal and interest under such Second Priority Debt Documents have become due and payable (whether as a result of acceleration or otherwise) (the “Second Priority Standstill Period”) unless a Senior Representative has commenced and is diligently pursuing remedies with respect to any material portion of the Shared Collateral (or such exercise of remedies is stayed by applicable law or by any proceeding or any Grantor is then the subject of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding); provided, further, that (A) in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding commenced by or against the Company or any other Grantor, any Second Priority Representative may file a claim, proof of claim, or statement of interest with respect to the Second Priority Debt Obligations under its Second Priority Debt Facility, (B) any Second Priority Representative may take any action (not adverse to the prior Liens on the Shared Collateral securing the Senior Obligations or the rights of the Senior Representatives or the Senior Secured Parties to exercise remedies in respect thereof) in order to create, prove, perfect, preserve or protect (but not enforce) its rights in, and perfection and priority of its Lien on, the Shared Collateral, (C) any Second Priority Representative and the Second Priority Debt Parties may exercise their rights and remedies as unsecured creditors, to the extent as provided in Section 5.05, (D) any Second Priority Representative may exercise the rights and remedies provided for in Section 6.03, (E) any Second Priority Representative and any Second Priority Debt Party may file any necessary or appropriate responsive or defensive pleadings in opposition to any motion, claim, adversary proceeding, or other pleading made by any Person objecting to or otherwise seeking the disallowance that is not permitted by this Agreement of the claims or Liens of any Second Priority Debt Party, including any claims secured by the Shared Collateral, (F) any Second Priority Representative and any Second Priority Debt Party may vote on any plan of reorganization or similar dispositive restructuring plan in a manner that is consistent with, and not in violation of, this Agreement (including Section 6.05(b)), with respect to the Second Priority Debt Obligations and the Shared Collateral, (G) any Second Priority Representative and any Second Priority Debt Party may join (but not exercise any control with respect to) any judicial foreclosure proceeding or other judicial lien enforcement proceeding with respect to the Shared Collateral initiated by the Designated Senior Representative or any other Senior Secured Party to the extent that any such action could not reasonably be expected, in any material respect, to restrain, hinder, limit, delay for any material period or otherwise interfere with the exercise of remedies by the Designated Senior Representative or such other Senior Secured Party (it being

 

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understood that neither Designated Second Priority Representative nor any other Second Priority Debt Party shall be entitled to receive any proceeds thereof unless otherwise expressly permitted herein), and (H) any Second Priority Representative and any Second Priority Debt Party may exercise any remedies after the termination of the Second Priority Standstill Period if and to the extent specifically permitted by this Section 3.01(a), in each case (A) through (H) above to the extent such action is not inconsistent with the terms of this Agreement. Any recovery by any Second Priority Debt Party pursuant to the preceding clause (H) shall be subject to the terms of this Agreement. In exercising rights and remedies with respect to the Senior Collateral, the Senior Representatives and the Senior Secured Parties may enforce the provisions of the Senior Debt Documents and exercise remedies thereunder, all in such order and in such manner as they may determine in the exercise of their sole discretion. Such exercise and enforcement shall include the rights of an agent appointed by them to sell or otherwise dispose of Shared Collateral upon foreclosure, to incur expenses in connection with such sale or disposition and to exercise all the rights and remedies of a secured lender under the Uniform Commercial Code of any applicable jurisdiction and of a secured creditor under the Bankruptcy Laws of any applicable jurisdiction.

(b) So long as the Discharge of Senior Obligations has not occurred, each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that it will not, in the context of its role as a Second Priority Debt Party, take or receive any Shared Collateral or any Proceeds of Shared Collateral in connection with the exercise of any right or remedy (including setoff or recoupment) with respect to any Shared Collateral in respect of Second Priority Debt Obligations. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, unless and until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, except as expressly provided in the provisos in Section 3.01(a) and Sections 6.01 and 6.03, the sole right of the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties with respect to the Shared Collateral is to hold a Lien on the Shared Collateral in respect of Second Priority Debt Obligations pursuant to the Second Priority Debt Documents for the period and to the extent granted therein and to receive a share of the Proceeds thereof, if any, after the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred.

(c) Subject to each proviso in Section 3.01(a), (i) each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that neither such Second Priority Representative nor any such Second Priority Debt Party will take any action that, notwithstanding the expiration of the Second Priority Standstill Period, would hinder, delay or interfere with any exercise of remedies undertaken by any Senior Representative or any Senior Secured Party with respect to the Shared Collateral under the Senior Debt Documents, including any sale, lease, exchange, transfer or other disposition of the Shared Collateral, whether by foreclosure or otherwise, and (ii) each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby waives any and all rights it or any such Second Priority Debt Party may have as a junior lien creditor or otherwise to object to the manner in which the Senior Representatives or the Senior Secured Parties seek to enforce or collect the Senior Obligations or the Liens granted on any of the Senior Collateral, regardless of whether any action or failure to act by or on behalf of any Senior Representative or any other Senior Secured Party is adverse to the interests of the Second Priority Debt Parties.

 

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(d) Each Second Priority Representative hereby acknowledges and agrees that no covenant, agreement or restriction contained in any Second Priority Debt Document shall be deemed to restrict in any way the rights and remedies of the Senior Representatives or the Senior Secured Parties with respect to the Senior Collateral as set forth in this Agreement and the Senior Debt Documents.

(e) Until the Discharge of Senior Obligations, the Designated Senior Representative (or any Person authorized by it) shall have the exclusive right to exercise any right or remedy with respect to the Shared Collateral and shall have the exclusive right to determine and direct the time, method and place for exercising such right or remedy or conducting any proceeding with respect thereto; provided, however, that the Second Priority Representative and the Second Priority Debt Parties may exercise any of their rights or remedies with respect to the Shared Collateral to the extent permitted by the provisos in Section 3.01(a) and Sections 6.01 and 6.03. Following the Discharge of Senior Obligations, the Designated Second Priority Representative (or any Person authorized by it) shall have the exclusive right to exercise any right or remedy with respect to the Collateral, and the Designated Second Priority Representative (or any Person authorized by it) shall have the exclusive right to direct the time, method and place of exercising or conducting any proceeding for the exercise of any right or remedy available to the Second Priority Debt Parties with respect to the Collateral, or of exercising or directing the exercise of any trust or power conferred on the Second Priority Representatives, or for the taking of any other action authorized by the Second Priority Collateral Documents; provided, that nothing in this Section shall impair the ability of the Second Priority Representative and the Second Priority Debt Parties to exercise any of their rights or remedies with respect to the Shared Collateral to the extent permitted by the provisos in Section 3.01(a) or Sections 6.01 and 6.03; provided, further that nothing in this Section shall impair the right of any Second Priority Representative or other agent or trustee acting on behalf of the Second Priority Debt Parties to take such actions with respect to the Collateral after the Discharge of Senior Obligations as may be otherwise required or authorized pursuant to any intercreditor agreement governing the Second Priority Debt Parties or the Second Priority Debt Obligations.

SECTION 3.02. Cooperation. Subject to each proviso in Section 3.01(a), each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that, unless and until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, it will not commence, or join with any Person (other than the Senior Secured Parties and the Senior Representatives upon the request of the Designated Senior Representative) in commencing, any enforcement, collection, execution, levy or foreclosure action or proceeding with respect to any Lien held by it in the Shared Collateral under any of the Second Priority Debt Documents.

SECTION 3.03. Actions upon Breach. Should any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party, contrary to this Agreement, in any way take, attempt to take or threaten to take any action with respect to the Shared Collateral (including any attempt to realize upon or enforce any remedy with respect to this Agreement) or fail to take any action required by this Agreement, any Senior Representative or other Senior Secured Party (in its or their own name or in the name of the Company or any other Grantor) may obtain relief against such Second Priority Representative or such Second Priority Debt Party by injunction, specific performance or other appropriate equitable relief. Each Second Priority Representative, on behalf

 

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of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Facility, hereby (i) agrees that the Senior Secured Parties’ damages from the actions of the Second Party Representatives or any Second Priority Debt Party may at that time be difficult to ascertain and may be irreparable and waives any defense that the Company, any other Grantor or the Senior Secured Parties cannot demonstrate damage or be made whole by the awarding of damages and (ii) irrevocably waives any defense based on the adequacy of a remedy at law and any other defense that might be asserted to bar the remedy of specific performance in any action that may be brought by any Senior Representative or any other Senior Secured Party.

ARTICLE IV

Payments

SECTION 4.01. Application of Proceeds. After an event of default under any Senior Debt Document has occurred and until such event of default is cured or waived, so long as the Discharge of Senior Obligations has not occurred, the Shared Collateral or Proceeds thereof received in connection with the sale or other disposition of, or collection on, such Shared Collateral upon the exercise of remedies shall be applied: (a) first, by the Designated Senior Representative to the Senior Obligations in such order as specified in the relevant Senior Debt Documents until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred (together with, in the case of repayment of any revolving credit or similar loans, a permanent reduction in the commitments thereunder), (b) second, shall be applied by the Designated Second Priority Representative to the Second Priority Debt Obligations until the Discharge of Second Priority Debt Obligations has occurred, (c) third, shall be applied by the Designated Senior Representative to any obligations (including any Excluded Senior Obligations) owed to the Senior Secured Parties in excess of the Maximum Senior Principal Amount and (d) fourth, to the Grantors or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct. Upon the Discharge of Senior Obligations, each applicable Senior Representative shall deliver promptly to the Designated Second Priority Representative any Shared Collateral or Proceeds thereof held by it in the same form as received, with any necessary endorsements, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct, to be applied by the Designated Second Priority Representative to the Second Priority Debt Obligations in such order as specified in the relevant Second Priority Debt Documents. Upon the Discharge of Second Priority Debt Obligations, each applicable Second Priority Representative shall deliver promptly to the Designated Senior Representative any Shared Collateral or Proceeds thereof held by it in the same form as received, with any necessary endorsements, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct, to be applied by the Designated Senior Representative to any obligations owed to the Senior Secured Parties in excess of the Maximum Senior Principal Amount in such order as specified in the relevant Senior Debt Documents.

SECTION 4.02. Payments Over. Prior to the Discharge of Senior Obligations, any Shared Collateral or Proceeds thereof received by any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party in connection with the exercise of any right or remedy (including setoff or recoupment) relating to the Shared Collateral, in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding (except as otherwise set forth in Article VI), or otherwise in contravention of this Agreement shall be segregated and held in trust for the benefit of and forthwith paid over to the Designated Senior Representative for the benefit of the Senior Secured Parties in the same form as received, with any necessary endorsements, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct. The Designated Senior Representative is hereby authorized to make any such endorsements as agent for each of the Second Priority Representatives or any such Second Priority Debt Party. This authorization is coupled with an interest and is irrevocable.

 

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ARTICLE V

Other Agreements

SECTION 5.01. Releases.

(a) Each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that, in the event of a sale, transfer or other disposition of any specified item of Shared Collateral (including all or substantially all of the equity interests of any subsidiary of the Company) (a “Disposition”), the Liens granted to the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties upon such Shared Collateral to secure Second Priority Debt Obligations shall terminate or shall be released, automatically and without any further action, concurrently with the termination or release of all Liens granted upon such Shared Collateral to secure Senior Obligations, provided that the parties’ respective Liens shall attach to the net proceeds of such Disposition with the same Lien priorities as provided in this Agreement to the extent such proceeds are not otherwise utilized to permanently reduce the Senior Obligations. Upon delivery to a Second Priority Representative of an Officer’s Certificate or other written document (including any release document from the Designated Senior Representative) stating or providing evidence that any such termination or release of Liens securing the Senior Obligations has become effective (or shall become effective concurrently with such termination or release of the Liens granted to the Second Priority Debt Parties and the Second Priority Representatives) and any necessary or proper instruments of termination or release prepared by the Company or any other Grantor, such Second Priority Representative will promptly execute, deliver or acknowledge, at the Company’s or the other Grantor’s sole cost and expense, such instruments to evidence such termination or release of the Liens; provided, however that such Officer’s Certificate shall not be required for any termination or release in connection with the exercise of remedies following an Event of Default. Nothing in this Section 5.01(a) will be deemed to (x) affect any agreement of a Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of the Second Priority Debt Parties under its Second Priority Debt Facility, to release the Liens on the Second Priority Collateral as set forth in the relevant Second Priority Debt Documents or (y) except in the case of a Disposition in connection with the exercise of secured creditors’ rights and remedies, require the release of Liens granted upon such Shared Collateral to secure Second Priority Debt Obligations if such Disposition is not permitted under the terms of the Second Priority Debt Documents.

(b) Each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints the Designated Senior Representative and any officer or agent of the Designated Senior Representative, with full power of substitution, as its true and lawful attorney-in-fact with full irrevocable power and authority in the place and stead of such Second Priority Representative or such Second Priority Debt Party or in the Designated Senior Representative’s own name, from time to time in the Designated Senior Representative’s discretion, for the purpose of carrying out the terms of Section 5.01(a), to take any and all appropriate action and to execute any and all documents and instruments that may be necessary or desirable to accomplish the purposes of Section 5.01(a), including any termination statements, endorsements or other instruments of transfer or release.

 

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(c) Unless and until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby consents to the application, whether prior to or after an event of default under any Senior Debt Document of Proceeds of Shared Collateral to the repayment of Senior Obligations pursuant to the Senior Debt Documents, provided that nothing in this Section 5.01(c) shall be construed to prevent or impair the rights of the Second Priority Representatives or the Second Priority Debt Parties to receive Proceeds in connection with the Second Priority Debt Obligations not otherwise in contravention of this Agreement.

(d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Second Priority Collateral Document, in the event the terms of a Senior Collateral Document and a Second Priority Collateral Document each require any Grantor to (i) make payment in respect of any item of Shared Collateral to, (ii) deliver or afford control over any item of Shared Collateral to, or deposit any item of Shared Collateral with, (iii) register ownership of any item of Shared Collateral in the name of, or make an assignment of ownership of any Shared Collateral or the rights thereunder to, (iv) cause any securities intermediary, commodity intermediary or other Person acting in a similar capacity to agree to comply, in respect of any item of Shared Collateral, with instructions or orders from, or to treat, in respect of any item of Shared Collateral, as the entitlement holder, (v) hold any item of Shared Collateral in trust for (to the extent such item of Shared Collateral cannot be held in trust for multiple parties under applicable law), (vi) obtain the agreement of a bailee or other third party to hold any item of Shared Collateral for the benefit of or subject to the control of or, in respect of any item of Shared Collateral, to follow the instructions of or (vii) obtain the agreement of a landlord with respect to access to leased premises where any item of Shared Collateral is located or waivers or subordination of rights with respect to any item of Shared Collateral in favor of, in any case, any Senior Representative or Senior Secured Party and any Second Priority Representative or Second Priority Debt Party, such Grantor may, until the applicable Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, comply with such requirement under the Second Priority Collateral Document as it relates to such Shared Collateral by taking any of the actions set forth above only with respect to, or in favor of, the Designated Senior Representative.

SECTION 5.02. Insurance and Condemnation Awards. Unless and until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, the Designated Senior Representative and the Senior Secured Parties shall have the sole and exclusive right, subject to the rights of the Grantors under the Senior Debt Documents, (a) to adjust settlement for any insurance policy covering the Shared Collateral in the event of any loss thereunder and (b) to approve any award granted in any condemnation or similar proceeding affecting the Shared Collateral. Unless and until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, all proceeds of any such policy and any such award, if in respect of the Shared Collateral, shall be paid (i) first, prior to the occurrence of the Discharge of Senior Obligations, to the Designated Senior Representative for the benefit of Senior Secured Parties pursuant to the terms of the Senior Debt Documents, (ii) second, after the occurrence of the Discharge of Senior Obligations, to the Designated Second Priority Representative for the benefit of the Second Priority Debt Parties pursuant to the terms of the applicable Second Priority

 

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Debt Documents, (iii) third, after the occurrence of the Discharge of Second Priority Debt Obligations, to the Designated Senior Representative for the benefit of the Senior Secured Parties pursuant to the terms of the applicable Senior Debt Documents with respect to any obligations owed to the Senior Secured Parties in excess of the Maximum Senior Principal Amount, and (iv) fourth, if no Second Priority Debt Obligations or any obligations to the Senior Secured Parties in excess of the Maximum Senior Principal Amount are outstanding, to the owner of the subject property, such other Person as may be entitled thereto or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct. If any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party shall, at any time, receive any proceeds of any such insurance policy or any such award in contravention of this Agreement, it shall pay such proceeds over to the Designated Senior Representative in accordance with the terms of Section 4.02.

SECTION 5.03. Matters Relating to Loan Documents.

(a) The Senior Debt Documents and the terms thereof may be amended, restated, supplemented, waived or otherwise modified (including in connection with the incurrence of any incremental facilities) in accordance with their terms, and the Indebtedness under the Senior Debt Documents may be Refinanced, in each case, without the consent of any Second Priority Debt Parties; provided, however, that, without the consent of the Second Priority Representatives or the Second Priority Debt Parties, no such amendment, restatement, supplement, modification, waiver or Refinancing (or successive amendments, restatements, supplements, modifications, waivers or Refinancings) shall contravene any provision of this Agreement.

(b) Without the prior written consent of the Senior Representative, no Second Priority Debt Document may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified, or entered into, to the extent such amendment, restatement, supplement or modification, or the terms of such new Second Priority Debt Document, would:

(i) contravene the provisions of this Agreement; or

(ii) unless the resulting Indebtedness would otherwise expressly be permitted under the Senior Priority Debt Documents, change to earlier dates any scheduled dates for payment of principal (including the final maturity date) or of interest on Indebtedness under such Second Priority Debt Document.

SECTION 5.04. Amendments to Second Priority Collateral Documents.

(a) No Second Priority Collateral Document may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified or entered into to the extent such amendment, supplement or modification, or the terms of any new Second Priority Collateral Document, would be prohibited by or inconsistent with any of the terms of this Agreement. The Company agrees to deliver to the Designated Senior Representative copies of (i) any amendments, supplements or other modifications to the Second Priority Collateral Documents and (ii) any new Second Priority Collateral Documents promptly after effectiveness thereof. Each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that the Grantors may cause (and the Grantors agree to cause) each

 

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security agreement included in the Second Priority Collateral Document under its Second Priority Debt Facility to include the following language (or language to similar effect reasonably approved by the Designated Senior Representative):

“Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) the liens and security interests granted to the Second Priority Representative pursuant to this Agreement are expressly subject and subordinate to the liens and security interests granted in favor of the Senior Secured Parties (as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement referred to below), including liens and security interests granted to Jefferies Finance LLC, as collateral agent, pursuant to or in connection with the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time), among Sotera Health Topco, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the lenders and issuing banks from time to time party thereto and Jefferies Finance LLC, as administrative agent, and (ii) the exercise of any right or remedy by the Second Priority Representative hereunder is subject to the limitations and provisions of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Intercreditor Agreement”), among Sotera Health Topco, Inc., Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, and its respective subsidiaries and affiliated entities party thereto, Jefferies Finance LLC, as the First Lien Collateral Agent and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as the Initial Second Priority Representative. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement and the terms of this Agreement, the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement shall govern.”

(b) In the event that each applicable Senior Representative and/or the Senior Secured Parties enter into any amendment, waiver or consent in respect of any of the Senior Collateral Documents for the purpose of adding to or deleting from, or waiving or consenting to any departures from any provisions of, any Senior Collateral Document or changing in any manner the rights of the Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Company or any other Grantor thereunder (including the release of any Liens in Senior Collateral) in a manner that is applicable to all Senior Facilities, then such amendment, waiver or consent shall apply automatically to any comparable provision of each comparable Second Priority Collateral Document without the consent of any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party and without any action by any Second Priority Representative, the Company or any other Grantor; provided, however, that (A) no such amendment, waiver or consent shall have the effect of (i) releasing any Liens of any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party or removing assets subject to the Lien of the Second Priority Collateral Documents, except to the extent that such release is permitted by Section 5.01 and there is a corresponding release of the Lien securing the Senior Obligations, (ii) imposing duties or obligations that are adverse on any Second Lien Representative without its consent or (iii) altering the terms of the Second Lien Debt Documents to permit other Liens on the Collateral not permitted under the terms of the Second Lien Debt Documents as in effect on the date hereof or under Article VI hereof and (B) written notice of such amendment, waiver or consent shall have been given to each Second Priority Representative within 10 Business Days after the effectiveness of such amendment, waiver or consent, provided that the failure to give such notice shall not affect the effectiveness and validity thereof.

 

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SECTION 5.05. Rights as Unsecured Creditors. The Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties may exercise rights and remedies as unsecured creditors against the Company or the Guarantors in accordance with the terms of the Second Priority Debt Documents and applicable law so long as such rights and remedies do not violate, or are not otherwise inconsistent with, any provision of this Agreement (including any provision prohibiting or restricting the Second Priority Representatives or the Second Priority Debt Parties from taking various actions or making various objections). Nothing in this Agreement shall prohibit the receipt by any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party of the required payments of principal, premium, interest, fees and other amounts due under the Second Priority Debt Documents so long as such receipt is not the direct or indirect result of the exercise by a Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party of rights or remedies in respect of Shared Collateral (including any right of setoff or recoupment). In the event any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party becomes a judgment lien creditor in respect of Shared Collateral as a result of its enforcement of its rights as an unsecured creditor in respect of Second Priority Debt Obligations, such judgment lien shall be subordinated to the Liens securing Senior Obligations on the same basis as the other Liens securing the Second Priority Debt Obligations are so subordinated to such Liens securing Senior Obligations under this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall impair or otherwise adversely affect any rights or remedies the Senior Representatives or the Senior Secured Parties may have with respect to the Senior Collateral.

SECTION 5.06. Gratuitous Bailee for Perfection.

(a) Each Senior Representative acknowledges and agrees that if it shall at any time hold a Lien securing any Senior Obligations on any Shared Collateral that can be perfected (i) by the possession of such Shared Collateral or of any account in which such Shared Collateral is held, and if such Shared Collateral or any such account is in fact in the possession or under the control of such Senior Representative, or of agents or bailees of such Person (such Shared Collateral being referred to herein as the “Pledged Collateral”), or (ii) by control of any deposit account or securities account constituting Shared Collateral, if any, or in which such Shared Collateral is held, and if any such deposit account or securities account is in fact under the control of such Senior Representative, or of agents or bailees of such Person (such Shared Collateral being referred to herein as the “Controlled Collateral”) or if it shall at any time obtain any landlord waiver or bailee’s letter or any similar agreement or arrangement granting it rights or access to Shared Collateral, the applicable Senior Representative (x) shall also hold such Pledged Collateral or Controlled Collateral, or take such actions with respect to such landlord waiver, bailee’s letter or similar agreement or arrangement, as sub-agent or gratuitous bailee for the relevant Second Priority Representatives and (y) acknowledges that it has control of such Controlled Collateral on behalf of the relevant Second Priority Representatives and each Second Priority Debt Party (such bailment and agency being intended, among other things, to satisfy the requirement of Section 8-301(a)(2), 9-104, 9-105, 9-106, 9-107 and 9-313(c) of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in any applicable jurisdiction), in each case solely for the purpose of perfecting the Liens granted under the relevant Second Priority Collateral Documents and subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 5.06.

 

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(b) Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, the Senior Representatives and the Senior Secured Parties shall be entitled to deal with the Pledged Collateral or the Controlled Collateral in accordance with the terms of the Senior Debt Documents as if the Liens under the Second Priority Collateral Documents did not exist. The rights of the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties with respect to the Pledged Collateral or the Controlled Collateral shall at all times be subject to the terms of this Agreement.

(c) The Senior Representatives and the Senior Secured Parties shall have no obligation whatsoever to the Second Priority Representatives or any Second Priority Debt Party to assure that any of the Pledged Collateral or the Controlled Collateral is genuine or owned by the Grantors or to protect or preserve rights or benefits of any Person or any rights pertaining to the Shared Collateral, except as expressly set forth in this Section 5.06. The duties or responsibilities of the Senior Representatives under this Section 5.06 shall be limited solely to holding or controlling the Shared Collateral and the related Liens referred to in paragraph (a) of this Section 5.06 as sub-agent and gratuitous bailee for the relevant Second Priority Representative for purposes of perfecting the Lien held by such Second Priority Representative and delivering the Shared Collateral upon a Discharge of Senior Obligations as set forth in Section 5.06(e).

(d) The Senior Representatives shall not have by reason of the Second Priority Collateral Documents or this Agreement, or any other document, a fiduciary relationship in respect of any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party, and each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby waives and releases the Senior Representatives from all claims and liabilities arising pursuant to the Senior Representatives’ roles under this Section 5.06 as sub-agents and gratuitous bailees with respect to the Shared Collateral.

(e) Upon the Discharge of Senior Obligations, each applicable Senior Representative shall, at the Grantors’ sole cost and expense, (i) (A) deliver to the Designated Second Priority Representative, to the extent that it is legally permitted to do so, all Shared Collateral, including all Proceeds thereof, held or controlled by such Senior Representative or any of its agents or bailees, including the transfer of possession and control, as applicable, of the Pledged Collateral or the Controlled Collateral, together with any necessary endorsements and notices to depositary banks, securities intermediaries and commodities intermediaries, and assign its rights under any landlord waiver or bailee’s letter or any similar agreement or arrangement granting it rights or access to Shared Collateral, or (B) direct and deliver such Shared Collateral as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct, (ii) notify any applicable insurance carrier that it is no longer entitled to be a loss payee or additional insured under the insurance policies of any Grantor issued by such insurance carrier and (iii) notify any governmental authority involved in any condemnation or similar proceeding involving any Grantor that the Designated Second Party Representative is entitled to approve any awards granted in such proceeding. The Company and the other Grantors shall take such further action as is required to effectuate the transfer contemplated hereby and shall indemnify each Senior Representative for loss or damage suffered by such Senior Representative as a result of such transfer, except for loss or damage suffered by any such Person as a result of its own willful misconduct, gross negligence or bad faith, or the willful misconduct, gross negligence or bad faith of a Representative, in each case as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and non-appealable judgment. The Senior Representatives have no obligations to follow instructions from any Second Priority Representative or any other Second Priority Debt Party in contravention of this Agreement.

 

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(f) None of the Senior Representatives nor any of the other Senior Secured Parties shall be required to marshal any present or future collateral security for any obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary to any Senior Representative or any Senior Secured Party under the Senior Debt Documents or any assurance of payment in respect thereof, or to resort to such collateral security or other assurances of payment in any particular order, and all of their rights in respect of such collateral security or any assurance of payment in respect thereof shall be cumulative and in addition to all other rights, however existing or arising.

SECTION 5.07. When Discharge of Senior Obligations is Deemed Not to Have Occurred. If, at any time substantially concurrently with or after the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, the Company or any Subsidiary incurs any Senior Obligations (other than in respect of the payment of indemnities surviving the Discharge of Senior Obligations), then such Discharge of Senior Obligations shall automatically be deemed not to have occurred for all purposes of this Agreement (other than with respect to any actions taken prior to the date of such designation as a result of the occurrence of such first Discharge of Senior Obligations) and the applicable agreement governing such Senior Obligations shall automatically be treated as a Senior Debt Document for all purposes of this Agreement, including for purposes of the Lien priorities and rights in respect of Shared Collateral set forth herein and the agent, representative or trustee for the holders of such Senior Obligations shall be the Senior Representative for all purposes of this Agreement. Upon receipt of notice of such incurrence (including the identity of the new Senior Representative), each Second Priority Representative (including the Designated Second Priority Representative) shall promptly (a) enter into such documents and agreements (at the expense of the Company), including amendments or supplements to this Agreement, as the Company or such new Senior Representative shall reasonably request in writing in order to provide the new Senior Representative the rights of a Senior Representative contemplated hereby, (b) deliver to such Senior Representative, to the extent that it is legally permitted to do so, all Shared Collateral, including all Proceeds thereof, held or controlled by such Second Priority Representative or any of its agents or bailees, including the transfer of possession and control, as applicable, of the Pledged Collateral or the Controlled Collateral, together with any necessary endorsements and notices to depositary banks, securities intermediaries and commodities intermediaries, and assign its rights under any landlord waiver or bailee’s letter or any similar agreement or arrangement granting it rights or access to Shared Collateral and (c) notify any governmental authority involved in any condemnation or similar proceeding involving a Grantor that the new Senior Representative is entitled to approve any awards granted in such proceeding.

SECTION 5.08. Purchase Right.

(a) Without prejudice to the enforcement of the Senior Secured Parties’ remedies, the Senior Secured Parties agree that following (a) the acceleration of the Senior Obligations in accordance with the terms of each of the Senior Facilities or (b) the commencement of an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding with respect to any Grantor (each, a “Purchase Event”), within thirty (30) days of the Purchase Event, one or more of the Second Priority Debt Parties may request, and the Senior Secured Parties hereby offer the Second Priority Debt Parties the option, to purchase all, but not less than all, of the aggregate amount of

 

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Senior Obligations outstanding at the time of purchase at par, plus any premium that would be applicable upon prepayment of the Senior Obligations and all accrued and unpaid interest, fees, and expenses, without warranty or representation or recourse (except for representations and warranties required to be made by assigning lenders pursuant to the Assignment and Assumption (as such term is defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement)). If such right is exercised, the parties shall endeavor to close promptly thereafter but in any event within ten (10) business days of the request. If one or more of the Second Priority Debt Parties exercises such purchase right, it shall be exercised pursuant to documentation mutually acceptable to each of the Senior Representative and the purchasing Second Priority Debt Parties. If more than one Second Priority Debt Party has exercised such purchase right and the aggregate amount of all purchase rights exercised exceeds the amount of the Senior Obligations, the amount with respect to which each exercising Second Priority Debt Party shall be deemed to have exercised its purchase right shall be reduced on a ratable basis according to the amounts of the original exercises of such purchase right by each such Second Priority Debt Party. If none of the Second Priority Debt Parties timely exercise such right, the Senior Secured Parties shall have no further obligations pursuant to this Section 5.08 for such Purchase Event and may take any further actions in their sole discretion in accordance with the Senior Debt Documents and this Agreement.

(b) The purchase and sale of the Senior Obligations under this Section 5.08 will be without recourse and without any representation or warranty whatsoever by the Senior Secured Parties, except that each Senior Secured Party shall severally (i) represent and warrant that (x) the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on the Senior Obligations, and the fees and expenses owing with respect thereto, are as stated in the applicable assignment, (y) on the date of purchase, immediately before giving effect to the purchase, such Senior Secured Party owns its Senior Obligations free and clear of all Liens and (z) such Senior Secured Party has the full right and power to assign its Senior Obligations and such assignment has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other organizational action by such Senior Secured Party.

(c) Each of the Grantors hereby agrees that, so long as each of the Second Priority Secured Parties is an Eligible Assignee (as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement) under the First Lien Credit Agreement (or equivalent under any other Senior Debt Documents), it shall consent to any assignment or purchase of the Senior Obligations to such Second Priority Secured Parties pursuant to this Section 5.08; provided, however, that the Grantors shall otherwise retain all rights under Section 9.04 of the First Lien Credit Agreement (and any equivalent provisions under any other Senior Debt Documents) in connection with any subsequent transfers or assignments following the purchase hereunder.

ARTICLE VI

Insolvency or Liquidation Proceedings

SECTION 6.01. Financing Issues. Until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, if the Company or any other Grantor shall be subject to any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding and any Senior Representative shall desire to consent (or not object) to the sale, use or lease of cash or other Senior Collateral under Section 363 of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law or to consent (or not object) to the Company’s or any other

 

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Grantor’s obtaining financing (including, for the avoidance of doubt, from any Senior Secured Party) under Section 364 of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law (“DIP Financing”), then each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that it will raise no objection to and will not otherwise contest such sale, use or lease of such cash or other Senior Collateral or such DIP Financing and, except to the extent permitted by the provisos in clause (ii) of Section 3.01(a) and Section 6.03, will not request adequate protection or any other relief in connection therewith and, to the extent the Liens securing any Senior Obligations are subordinated or pari passu with such DIP Financing, will subordinate (and will be deemed hereunder to have subordinated) its Liens in the Shared Collateral to (x) such DIP Financing (and all obligations relating thereto) on the same basis as the Liens securing the Second Priority Debt Obligations are so subordinated to Liens securing Senior Obligations under this Agreement, (y) all adequate protection Liens granted to the Senior Secured Parties, and (z) to any “carve-out” for professional and United States Trustee fees or payment of any other amounts agreed to by the Senior Representatives. Each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, further agrees that, until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, it will raise no (a) objection to (and will not otherwise contest) any motion for relief from the automatic stay or from any injunction against foreclosure or enforcement in respect of any Senior Collateral made by any Senior Representative or any other Senior Secured Party, (b) objection to (and will not otherwise contest) any lawful exercise by any Senior Secured Party of the right to credit bid Senior Obligations at any sale in foreclosure of Senior Collateral (including pursuant to Section 363(k) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision under the Bankruptcy Code or any other applicable law in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding), or any exercise of rights under Section 1111(b) of the Bankruptcy Code (or any similar provision under any applicable Bankruptcy Law) with respect to the Senior Collateral, (c) objection to (and will not otherwise contest) any other request for judicial relief made in any court by any Senior Secured Party relating to the lawful enforcement of any Lien on Senior Collateral or (d) objection to (and will not otherwise contest or oppose) any order relating to a sale or other disposition of assets of any Grantor for which any Senior Representative has consented (or does not object to) that provides, to the extent such sale or other disposition is to be free and clear of Liens, that the Liens securing the Senior Obligations and the Second Priority Debt Obligations will attach to the proceeds of the sale on the same basis of priority as the Liens on the Shared Collateral securing the Senior Obligations rank to the Liens on the Shared Collateral securing the Second Priority Debt Obligations pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, any Second Priority Debt Party may raise any objection to the bidding or related procedures proposed to be utilized in connection with such sale of assets that could be raised by an unsecured creditor of the Grantors, and provided further that the Second Priority Debt Parties are not deemed to have waived any rights to credit bid on the Shared Collateral in any such sale or disposition under Section 363(k) of the Bankruptcy Code (or any similar provision in any Bankruptcy Law), so long as any such credit bid provides for the payment in full in cash of the Senior Obligations. Nothing in this Section 6.01 shall prohibit any Second Priority Debt Party from (i) exercising its rights to vote in favor of or against a plan of reorganization or similar dispositive restructuring plan in a manner consistent with, and not in violation of, this Agreement (including Section 6.05(b)), (ii) proposing a DIP Financing to any Grantor that is junior to the Senior Obligations, or (iii) objecting to any provision in any proposed DIP Financing relating, describing or requiring the material provisions or content of a plan of reorganization or similar dispositive restructuring plan.

 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, the applicable provisions of this Section 6.01 shall only be binding on the Second Priority Debt Parties with respect to any DIP Financing to the extent the principal amount of such DIP Financing together with the principal amount of any outstanding pre-petition Senior Obligations as of the commencement of such Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding does not exceed the sum of (i) the Maximum Senior Principal Amount plus (ii) an amount equal to 15% of the Maximum Senior Principal Amount.

SECTION 6.02. Relief from the Automatic Stay. Until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that none of them shall seek relief from the automatic stay or any other stay in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding or take any action in derogation thereof, or support or join, directly or indirectly, any party in doing or performing the same, in each case in respect of any Shared Collateral, without the prior written consent of the Designated Senior Representative.

SECTION 6.03. Adequate Protection. Each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees that none of them shall object, contest or support any other Person objecting to or contesting (a) any request by any Senior Representative or any Senior Secured Parties for adequate protection in any form, (b) any objection by any Senior Representative or any Senior Secured Parties to any motion, relief, action or proceeding based on any claims by a Senior Representative or Senior Secured Party of a lack of adequate protection or (c) the allowance and/or payment of interest, fees, expenses or other amounts of any Senior Representative or any other Senior Secured Party under Section 506(b) or 506(c) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law or otherwise as adequate protection. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section 6.03 or in Section 6.01, in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, (i) if the Senior Secured Parties (or any subset thereof) are granted adequate protection in the form of a Lien on additional or replacement collateral in connection with any DIP Financing or use of cash collateral under Section 363 or 364 of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law and/or a superpriority administrative claim, then each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, may seek or request, without objection by any Senior Secured Party, adequate protection in the form of (as applicable) a Lien on such additional or replacement collateral and/or a superpriority administrative claim, which Lien is subordinated to the Liens securing and granted as adequate protection for all Senior Obligations and such DIP Financing (and all obligations relating thereto) on the same basis as the other Liens securing the Second Priority Debt Obligations are so subordinated to the Liens securing Senior Obligations under this Agreement and which superpriority claim is junior and subordinated to the superpriority administrative claim granted as adequate protection to the Senior Secured Parties; provided, however, that the Second Priority Representative shall have irrevocably agreed, pursuant to Section 1129(a)(9) of the Bankruptcy Code, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, in any stipulation and/or order granting such adequate protection, that such junior superpriority claims may be paid under any plan of reorganization in any combination of cash, debt, equity or other property having a value on the effective date of such plan equal to the allowed amount of such claims, and (ii) in the event any Second Priority Representatives, for themselves and on behalf of the Second Priority Debt Parties under their Second Priority Debt Facilities, seek or request adequate protection and such adequate protection is granted in the form of a Lien on

 

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additional or replacement collateral and/or a superpriority administrative claim, then such Second Priority Representatives, for themselves and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under their Second Priority Debt Facilities, agree that each Senior Representative shall also be entitled to seek without objection from any Second Priority Debt Party, a senior Lien on such additional or replacement collateral and/or a superpriority administrative claim as adequate protection for the Senior Obligations, and that any Lien on such additional or replacement collateral granted as adequate protection for the Second Priority Debt Obligations shall be subordinated to the Liens on such collateral securing the Senior Obligations and any such DIP Financing (and all obligations relating thereto) and any other Liens granted to the Senior Secured Parties as adequate protection on the same basis as the other Liens securing the Second Priority Debt Obligations are so subordinated to such Liens securing Senior Obligations under this Agreement, and that any superpriority claim granted as adequate protection for the Second Priority Debt Obligations shall be junior and subordinated to the superpriority administrative claim granted as adequate protection to the Senior Secured Parties. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, to the extent that the Senior Secured Parties are granted adequate protection in the form of payments in the amount of current post-petition fees and expenses, and/or other cash payments, then the Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, shall not be prohibited from seeking adequate protection in the form of payments in the amount of current post-petition fees and expenses, and/or other cash payments (as applicable), subject to the right of the Senior Secured Parties to object to the reasonableness of the amounts of fees and expenses or other cash payments so sought by the Second Priority Debt Parties.

SECTION 6.04. Preference Issues. If any Senior Secured Party is required in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding or otherwise to disgorge, turn over or otherwise pay any amount to the estate of the Company or any other Grantor (or any trustee, receiver or similar Person therefor), because the payment of such amount was declared to be or was avoided as fraudulent or preferential or otherwise under Chapter 5 of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law, in any respect or for any other reason, any amount (a “Recovery”), whether received as proceeds of security, enforcement of any right of setoff, recoupment or otherwise, then the Senior Obligations shall be reinstated to the extent of such Recovery and deemed to be outstanding as if such payment had not occurred, and the Senior Secured Parties shall be entitled to the benefits of this Agreement until a Discharge of Senior Obligations with respect to all such recovered amounts. If this Agreement shall have been terminated prior to such Recovery, this Agreement shall be reinstated in full force and effect, and such prior termination shall not diminish, release, discharge, impair or otherwise affect the obligations of the parties hereto. Each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby agrees that none of them shall be entitled to benefit from any avoidance action affecting or otherwise relating to any distribution or allocation made in accordance with this Agreement, whether by preference or otherwise, it being understood and agreed that the benefit of such avoidance action otherwise allocable to them shall instead be allocated and turned over for application in accordance with the priorities set forth in this Agreement, the First Lien Credit Agreement and/or the Collateral Documents, as applicable.

 

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SECTION 6.05. Separate Grants of Security and Separate Classifications.

(a) Each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, acknowledges and agrees that (i) the grants of Liens pursuant to the Senior Collateral Documents and the Second Priority Collateral Documents constitute separate and distinct grants of Liens and (ii) because of, among other things, their differing rights in the Shared Collateral, the Second Priority Debt Obligations are fundamentally different from the Senior Obligations and must be separately classified in any plan of reorganization or similar dispositive restructuring plan proposed, confirmed or adopted in an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding. To further effectuate the intent of the parties as provided in the immediately preceding sentence, if it is held that any claims of the Senior Secured Parties and the Second Priority Debt Parties in respect of the Shared Collateral constitute a single class of claims (rather than separate classes of senior and junior secured claims), then each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby acknowledges and agrees that all distributions shall be made as if there were separate classes of senior and junior secured claims against the Grantors in respect of the Shared Collateral (with the effect being that, to the extent that the aggregate value of the Shared Collateral is sufficient (for this purpose ignoring all claims held by the Second Priority Debt Parties), the Senior Secured Parties shall be entitled to receive, in addition to amounts distributed to them in respect of principal, pre-petition interest and other claims, all amounts owing in respect of post-petition interest, fees, and expenses (whether or not allowed or allowable as a claim in any such proceeding) before any distribution is made from the Shared Collateral in respect of the Second Priority Debt Obligations, with each Second Priority Representative, for itself and on behalf of each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby acknowledging and agreeing to turn over to the Designated Senior Representative amounts otherwise received or receivable by them from the Shared Collateral to the extent necessary to effectuate the intent of this sentence, even if such turnover has the effect of reducing the claim or recovery of the Second Priority Debt Parties.

(b) Each Second Priority Debt Party (whether in the capacity of a secured creditor or an unsecured creditor in accordance with Section 506(a) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law) shall not propose, vote in favor of, or otherwise directly or indirectly support any plan of reorganization or similar dispositive restructuring plan that is inconsistent with, or in violation of, the terms of this Agreement, unless such plan is supported by the number of Senior Secured Parties required for class acceptance of a plan under Section 1126(c) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law (in which event, the Second Priority Debt Parties, may, but are not obligated to, support such plan).

SECTION 6.06. No Waivers of Rights of Senior Secured Parties. Nothing contained herein shall, except as expressly provided herein, prohibit or in any way limit any Senior Representative or any other Senior Secured Party from objecting in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding or otherwise to any action taken by any Second Priority Debt Party, including the seeking by any Second Priority Debt Party of adequate protection or the asserting by any Second Priority Debt Party of any of its rights and remedies under the Second Priority Debt Documents or otherwise.

 

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SECTION 6.07. Application. This Agreement, which the parties hereto expressly acknowledge is a “subordination agreement” under Section 510(a) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law, shall be effective and enforceable before, during and after the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding. The relative rights as to the Shared Collateral and Proceeds thereof shall continue after the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding on the same basis as prior to the date of the petition therefor, subject to any court order approving the financing of, or use of cash collateral by, any Grantor. All references herein to any Grantor shall include such Grantor as a debtor-in-possession and any receiver or trustee for such Grantor.

SECTION 6.08. Other Matters. To the extent that any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party has or acquires rights under Section 363 or Section 364 of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law with respect to any of the Shared Collateral, such Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, agrees not to assert any such rights without the prior written consent of each Senior Representative, provided that if requested by any Senior Representative, such Second Priority Representative shall timely exercise such rights in the manner requested by the Senior Representatives, including any rights to payments in respect of such rights.

SECTION 6.09. 506(c) Claims. Until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party, agrees that it will not assert or enforce any claim under Section 506(c) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law or seek to recover any amounts that any Grantor may obtain by virtue of any claim under Section 506(c) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law, in each case, for costs or expenses of preserving or disposing of any Shared Collateral or otherwise. To the extent any Second Priority Debt Party receives any payments or consideration on account of claims under Section 506(c) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law in violation of the immediately-preceding sentence, then such Second Priority Debt Party will turn over to the Designated Senior Representative such amounts, even if such turnover has the effect of reducing the claim or recovery of the Second Priority Debt Parties.

SECTION 6.10. Reorganization Securities. If, in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, equity securities or debt obligations of the reorganized debtor (or any successor or assignee of the debtor) are distributed, pursuant to a plan of reorganization or similar dispositive restructuring plan, on account of the Second Priority Debt Obligations, so long as not in violation of or inconsistent with this Agreement, such equity securities or debt obligations may be received and retained by the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties, provided, however if any debt securities are secured by Liens upon any property of the reorganized debtor (or any successor or assignee of the debtor) and are distributed, pursuant to a plan of reorganization or similar dispositive restructuring plan, on account of both the Senior Obligations and the Second Priority Debt Obligations, then, to the extent the debt obligations distributed on account of the Senior Obligations and on account of the Second Priority Debt Obligations are secured by Liens upon the same assets or property, the provisions of this Agreement will survive the distribution of such debt obligations pursuant to such plan and will apply with like effect to the Liens securing such debt obligations.

 

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SECTION 6.11. Section 1111(b) of the Bankruptcy Code. Until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred, none of the Second Priority Representatives nor any Second Priority Debt Party shall seek to exercise any rights under Section 1111(b) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision under any Bankruptcy Law. All rights of Senior Secured Parties to exercise any rights under Section 1111(b) of the Bankruptcy Code or any similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law, if any, are reserved and unaltered by this Agreement.

SECTION 6.12. Post-Petition Interest

(a) No Second Priority Debt Party shall oppose or seek to challenge any claim by any Senior Secured Party for allowance in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding of Senior Obligations consisting of claims for post-petition interest, fees, costs, expenses, and/or other charges, under Section 506(b) of the Bankruptcy Code (or any other similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law) or otherwise (for this purpose ignoring all claims and Liens held by the Second Priority Debt Parties on the Shared Collateral).

(b) No Senior Secured Party shall oppose or seek to challenge any claim by any Second Priority Debt Party for allowance in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding of Second Priority Debt Obligations consisting of claims for post-petition interest, fees, costs, expenses, and/or other charges, under Section 506(b) of the Bankruptcy Code (or any other similar provision of any other Bankruptcy Law) or otherwise, to the extent of the value of the Lien of the Second Priority Representative on behalf of the Second Priority Debt Parties on the Shared Collateral (after taking into account the Senior Obligations and the Liens held by the Senior Secured Parties on the Shared Collateral).

ARTICLE VII

Reliance; etc.

SECTION 7.01. Reliance. The consent by the Senior Secured Parties to the execution and delivery of the Second Priority Debt Documents to which the Senior Secured Parties have consented and all loans and other extensions of credit made or deemed made on and after the date hereof by the Senior Secured Parties to the Company or any Subsidiary shall be deemed to have been given and made in reliance upon this Agreement. Each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, acknowledges that it and such Second Priority Debt Parties have, independently and without reliance on any Senior Representative or other Senior Secured Party, and based on documents and information deemed by them appropriate, made their own credit analysis and decision to enter into the Second Priority Debt Documents to which they are party or by which they are bound, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and they will continue to make their own credit decision in taking or not taking any action under the Second Priority Debt Documents or this Agreement (it being understood that nothing in this Section 7.01 imposes any obligations on the Initial Second Priority Representative to make any such analyses or decisions beyond that which may be required by the Second Lien Indenture).

 

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SECTION 7.02. No Warranties or Liability. Each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, acknowledges and agrees that neither any Senior Representative nor any other Senior Secured Party has made any express or implied representation or warranty, including with respect to the execution, validity, legality, completeness, collectibility or enforceability of any of the Senior Debt Documents, the ownership of any Shared Collateral or the perfection or priority of any Liens thereon. The Senior Secured Parties will be entitled to manage and supervise their respective loans and extensions of credit under the Senior Debt Documents in accordance with law and as they may otherwise, in their sole discretion, deem appropriate, and the Senior Secured Parties may manage their loans and extensions of credit without regard to any rights or interests that the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties have in the Shared Collateral or otherwise, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement. Neither any Senior Representative nor any other Senior Secured Party shall have any duty to any Second Priority Representative or Second Priority Debt Party to act or refrain from acting in a manner that allows, or results in, the occurrence or continuance of an event of default or default under any agreement with the Company or any Subsidiary (including the Second Priority Debt Documents), regardless of any knowledge thereof that they may have or be charged with. Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, the Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties have not otherwise made to each other, nor do they hereby make to each other, any warranties, express or implied, nor do they assume any liability to each other with respect to (a) the enforceability, validity, value or collectibility of any of the Senior Obligations, the Second Priority Debt Obligations or any guarantee or security which may have been granted to any of them in connection therewith, (b) any Grantor’s title to or right to transfer any of the Shared Collateral or (c) any other matter except as expressly set forth in this Agreement.

SECTION 7.03. Obligations Unconditional. All rights, interests, agreements and obligations of the Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties hereunder shall remain in full force and effect irrespective of:

(a) any lack of validity or enforceability of any Senior Debt Document or any Second Priority Debt Document;

(b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other terms of, all or any of the Senior Obligations or Second Priority Debt Obligations, or any amendment or waiver or other modification, including any increase in the amount thereof, whether by course of conduct or otherwise, of the terms of the First Lien Credit Agreement or any other Senior Debt Document or of the terms of any Second Priority Debt Document;

(c) any exchange of any security interest in any Shared Collateral or any other collateral or any amendment, waiver or other modification, whether in writing or by course of conduct or otherwise, of all or any of the Senior Obligations or Second Priority Debt Obligations or any guarantee thereof;

(d) the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding in respect of the Company or any other Grantor; or

 

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(e) any other circumstances that otherwise might constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, (i) the Company or any other Grantor in respect of the Senior Obligations or (ii) any Second Priority Representative or Second Priority Debt Party in respect of this Agreement.

ARTICLE VIII

Miscellaneous

SECTION 8.01. Conflicts. Subject to Section 8.21, in the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of any Senior Debt Document or any Second Priority Debt Document, the provisions of this Agreement shall govern. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) the relative rights and obligations of the First Lien Collateral Agent, the Senior Representatives and the Senior Secured Parties (as amongst themselves) with respect to any Senior Collateral shall be governed by the terms of the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and in the event of any conflict between the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and this Agreement, the provisions of the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement shall control and (b) the relative rights and obligations of the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Secured Parties (as amongst themselves) with respect to any Second Priority Collateral shall be governed by the terms of the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and in the event of any conflict between the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and this Agreement, the provisions of the Second Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement shall control.

SECTION 8.02. Continuing Nature of this Agreement; Severability. Subject to Section 5.07 and Section 6.04, this Agreement shall continue to be effective until the Discharge of Senior Obligations shall have occurred. This is a continuing agreement of Lien subordination, and the Senior Secured Parties may continue, at any time and without notice to the Second Priority Representatives or any Second Priority Debt Party, to extend credit and other financial accommodations and lend monies to or for the benefit of the Company or any Subsidiary constituting Senior Obligations in reliance hereon. The terms of this Agreement shall survive and continue in full force and effect in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding. Any provision of this Agreement that is invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction. The parties shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.

SECTION 8.03. Amendments; Waivers.

(a) No failure or delay on the part of any party hereto in exercising any right or power hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the parties hereto are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement

 

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or consent to any departure by any party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by Section 8.03(b), and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. No notice or demand on any party hereto in any case shall entitle such party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.

(b) This Agreement may be amended in writing signed by each Representative (in each case, acting in accordance with the documents governing the applicable Debt Facility), with written notice to the Company; provided that any such amendment, supplement or waiver which by the terms of this Agreement requires the Company’s consent or which adversely affects the Company or any Grantor, shall require the consent of the Company. Any such amendment, supplement or waiver shall be in writing and shall be binding upon the Senior Secured Parties and the Second Priority Debt Parties and their respective successors and assigns.

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, without the consent of any Secured Party, any Representative may become a party hereto by execution and delivery of a Joinder Agreement in accordance with Section 8.09 and upon such execution and delivery, such Representative and the Secured Parties and Senior Obligations or Second Priority Debt Obligations of the Debt Facility for which such Representative is acting shall be subject to the terms hereof.

SECTION 8.04. Information Concerning the Financial Condition of the Company and the Subsidiaries. The Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties shall each be responsible for keeping themselves informed of (a) the financial condition of the Company and the Subsidiaries and all endorsers or guarantors of the Senior Obligations or the Second Priority Debt Obligations and (b) all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Senior Obligations or the Second Priority Debt Obligations (it being understood that nothing in this Section 8.04 imposes any obligations on the Initial Second Priority Representative to keep itself informed beyond that which may be required by the Second Lien Indenture). The Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties shall have no duty to advise any other party hereunder of information known to it or them regarding such condition or any such circumstances or otherwise. In the event that any Senior Representative, any Senior Secured Party, any Second Priority Representative or any Second Priority Debt Party, in its sole discretion, undertakes at any time or from time to time to provide any such information to any other party, it shall be under no obligation to (i) make, and the Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties shall not make or be deemed to have made, any express or implied representation or warranty, including with respect to the accuracy, completeness, truthfulness or validity of any such information so provided, (ii) provide any additional information or to provide any such information on any subsequent occasion, (iii) undertake any investigation or (iv) disclose any information that, pursuant to accepted or reasonable commercial finance practices, such party wishes to maintain confidential or is otherwise required to maintain confidential.

 

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SECTION 8.05. Subrogation. Each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, hereby agrees not to assert any rights of subrogation it may acquire as a result of any payment hereunder until the Discharge of Senior Obligations has occurred.

SECTION 8.06. Application of Payments. Except as otherwise provided herein, all payments received by the Senior Secured Parties may be applied, reversed and reapplied, in whole or in part, to such part of the Senior Obligations as the Senior Secured Parties, in their sole discretion, deem appropriate, consistent with the terms of the Senior Debt Documents. Except as otherwise provided herein, each Second Priority Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under its Second Priority Debt Facility, assents to any such extension or postponement of the time of payment of the Senior Obligations or any part thereof and to any other indulgence with respect thereto, to any substitution, exchange or release of any security that may at any time secure any part of the Senior Obligations and to the addition or release of any other Person primarily or secondarily liable therefor.

SECTION 8.07. Additional Grantors. The Company agrees that, if any Subsidiary shall become a Grantor after the date hereof, it will promptly cause such Subsidiary to become party hereto by executing and delivering an instrument in the form of Annex I. Upon such execution and delivery, such Subsidiary will become a Grantor hereunder with the same force and effect as if originally named as a Grantor herein. The execution and delivery of such instrument shall not require the consent of any other party hereunder, and will be acknowledged by the Designated Second Priority Representative and the Designated Senior Representative. The rights and obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of any new Grantor as a party to this Agreement.

SECTION 8.08. Dealings with Grantors. Upon any application or demand by the Company or any Grantor to any Representative to take or permit any action under any of the provisions of this Agreement, the Company or such Grantor, as appropriate, shall furnish upon reasonable request by such Representative to such Representative a certificate of an appropriate officer (an “Officers Certificate”) stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Agreement and the Senior Debt Documents or Second Priority Debt Documents, as the case may be, relating to the proposed action have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or demand as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Agreement relating to such particular application or demand, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

SECTION 8.09. Additional Debt Facilities. To the extent, but only to the extent, permitted by the provisions of the then extant Senior Debt Documents, the Second Priority Debt Documents and this Agreement, the Company may incur or issue and sell one or more series or classes of Second Priority Debt and one or more series or classes of Additional Senior Debt. Any such additional class or series of Second Priority Debt (the “Second Priority Class Debt”) may be secured by a second priority, subordinated Lien on Shared Collateral, in each case under and pursuant to the relevant Second Priority Collateral Documents for such Second Priority Class Debt, if and subject to the condition that the Representative of any such Second Priority Class Debt (each, a “Second Priority Class Debt Representative”), acting on behalf of the holders of such Second Priority Class Debt (such Representative and holders in respect of any Second Priority Class Debt being referred to as the “Second Priority Class Debt Parties”), becomes a party to this Agreement by satisfying conditions (i) through (iii), as applicable, in this Section 8.09. Any such

 

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additional class or series of Senior Facilities (the “Senior Class Debt”; and the Senior Class Debt and Second Priority Class Debt, collectively, the “Class Debt”) may be secured by a senior Lien on Shared Collateral, in each case under and pursuant to the Senior Collateral Documents, if and subject to the condition that the Representative of any such Senior Class Debt (each, a “Senior Class Debt Representative”; and the Senior Class Debt Representatives and Second Priority Class Debt Representatives, collectively, the “Class Debt Representatives”), acting on behalf of the holders of such Senior Class Debt (such Representative and holders in respect of any such Senior Class Debt being referred to as the “Senior Class Debt Parties; and the Senior Class Debt Parties and Second Priority Class Debt Parties, collectively, the “Class Debt Parties”), becomes a party to this Agreement by satisfying the conditions set forth in clauses (i) through (iii), as applicable, in this Section 8.09. In order for a Class Debt Representative to become a party to this Agreement:

(i) such Class Debt Representative shall have executed and delivered a Joinder Agreement substantially in the form of Annex II (if such Representative is a Second Priority Class Debt Representative) or Annex III (if such Representative is a Senior Class Debt Representative) (with such changes as may be reasonably approved by the Designated Senior Representative and such Class Debt Representative) pursuant to which it becomes a Representative hereunder, and the Class Debt in respect of which such Class Debt Representative is the Representative and the related Class Debt Parties become subject hereto and bound hereby;

(ii) the Company shall have delivered to the Designated Senior Representative and Designated Second Priority Representative an Officer’s Certificate stating that the conditions set forth in this Section 8.09 are satisfied with respect to such Class Debt and, if requested, true and complete copies of each of the Second Priority Debt Documents or Senior Debt Documents, as applicable, relating to such Class Debt, certified as being true and correct by a Responsible Officer of the Company; and

(iii) the Second Priority Debt Documents or Senior Debt Documents, as applicable, relating to such Class Debt shall provide that each Class Debt Party with respect to such Class Debt will be subject to and bound by the provisions of this Agreement in its capacity as a holder of such Class Debt.

SECTION 8.10. Consent to Jurisdiction; Waivers. Each party hereto irrevocably and unconditionally:

(a) submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and the Collateral Documents, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement and/or the Collateral Documents shall affect any right that any Representative may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to any First Lien Loan Document against any Guarantor or its respective properties in the courts of any jurisdiction;

 

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(b) waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement and/or the Collateral Documents in any court referred to in Section 8.10(a). Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court;

(c) consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 8.11 and nothing in this Agreement will affect the right of any other party hereto (or any Secured Party) to effect service of process in any other manner permitted by law;

(d) as it relates to any Grantor, such Grantor designates, appoints and empowers the Company as its designee, appointee and agent to receive, accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf, and in respect of its property, service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents that may be served in any such action or proceeding and the Company hereby accepts such designation and appointment; and

(e) waives, to the maximum extent not prohibited by law, any right it may have against another party hereto or any other Representative or Secured Party to claim or recover in any legal action or proceeding referred to in this Section 8.10 any special, exemplary, punitive or consequential damages.

SECTION 8.11. Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be sent:

(i) if to the Company or any Grantor, to the Company, at its address specified in Section 9.01 of the First Lien Credit Agreement or 13.01 of the Second Lien Indenture;

(ii) if to the Initial Second Priority Representative to it at the address set forth below its signature hereto;

(iii) if to the First Lien Collateral Agent, to it at the address set forth below its signature hereto;

(iv) if to any other Representative, to it at the address specified by it in the Joinder Agreement delivered by it pursuant to Section 8.09.

Unless otherwise specifically provided herein, any notice or other communication herein required or permitted to be given shall be in writing and, may be personally served, telecopied, electronically mailed or sent by courier service or U.S. mail and shall be deemed to have been given when delivered in person or by courier service, upon receipt of a telecopy or electronic mail or upon receipt via U.S. mail (registered or certified, with postage prepaid and properly addressed). For the purposes hereof, the addresses of the parties hereto shall be as set forth above or, as to each party, at such other address as may be designated by such party in a written notice to all of the other parties. As agreed to in writing among each Representative from time to time, notices and other communications may also be delivered by e-mail to the e-mail address of a representative of the applicable person provided from time to time by such person.

 

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SECTION 8.12. Further Assurances. Each Senior Representative, on behalf of itself and each Senior Secured Party under the Senior Debt Facility for which it is acting, each Second Party Representative, on behalf of itself and each Second Priority Debt Party under the Second Priority Debt Facility for which it is acting, and the Company, on behalf of itself and the Grantors, agrees that it will take such further action and shall execute and deliver such additional documents and instruments (in recordable form, if requested) as the other parties hereto may reasonably request, at the Company’s sole cost and expense, to effectuate the terms of, and the Lien priorities contemplated by, this Agreement.

SECTION 8.13. GOVERNING LAW; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. (a) This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

(b) EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY SENIOR DEBT DOCUMENTS, SECOND PRIORITY DEBT DOCUMENTS OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 8.13.

SECTION 8.14. Binding on Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representatives, the Second Priority Debt Parties, the Company, the other Grantors party hereto and their respective successors and assigns.

SECTION 8.15. Section Titles. The section titles contained in this Agreement are and shall be without substantive meaning or content of any kind whatsoever and are not a part of this Agreement.

SECTION 8.16. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, including by means of facsimile, each of which shall be an original and all of which shall together constitute one and the same document. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

 

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SECTION 8.17. Authorization. By its signature, each party to this Agreement represents and warrants to the other parties hereto that it is duly authorized to execute this Agreement. The First Lien Collateral Agent represents and warrants that this Agreement is binding upon the First Lien Credit Agreement Secured Parties. The Initial Second Priority Representative represents and warrants that the Second Lien Indenture provides that, upon the Initial Second Priority Representative’s entry into this Agreement, the Initial Second Priority Debt Parties will be subject to and bound by the provisions hereof.

SECTION 8.18. No Third Party Beneficiaries; Successors and Assigns. The lien priorities set forth in this Agreement and the rights and benefits hereunder in respect of such lien priorities shall inure solely to the benefit of the Senior Representatives, the Senior Secured Parties, the Second Priority Representatives and the Second Priority Debt Parties, and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and no other Person (including the Grantors, or any trustee, receiver, debtor-in-possession or bankruptcy estate in a bankruptcy or like proceeding) shall have or be entitled to assert such rights except for the Company and the other Grantors with respect to their rights under Section 8.03(b).

SECTION 8.19. Effectiveness. This Agreement shall become effective when executed and delivered by the parties hereto.

SECTION 8.20. Representatives. It is understood and agreed that (a) the First Lien Collateral Agent is entering into this Agreement in its capacity as administrative agent and collateral agent under the First Lien Credit Agreement and the provisions of Article VIII of the First Lien Credit Agreement applicable to the Agents (as defined therein) thereunder shall also apply to the First Lien Collateral Agent hereunder and (b) the Initial Second Priority Representative is entering into this Agreement in its capacity as Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent as defined in and under the Second Lien Indenture and the provisions of Articles 7 and 12 of such indenture thereunder shall also apply to the Initial Second Priority Representative hereunder.

SECTION 8.21. Relative Rights. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary (except to the extent contemplated by Section 5.01(a), 5.01(d) or 5.04(b)), nothing in this Agreement is intended to or will (a) amend, waive or otherwise modify the provisions of the First Lien Credit Agreement, any other Senior Debt Document or any Second Priority Debt Documents, or permit the Company or any Grantor to take any action, or fail to take any action, to the extent such action or failure would otherwise constitute a breach of, or default under, the First Lien Credit Agreement or any other Senior Debt Document or any Second Priority Debt Documents, (b) change the relative priorities of the Senior Obligations or the Liens granted under the Senior Collateral Documents on the Shared Collateral (or any other assets) as among the Senior Secured Parties, (c) otherwise change the relative rights of the Senior Secured Parties in respect of the Shared Collateral as among such Senior Secured Parties or (d) obligate the Company or any Grantor to take any action, or fail to take any action, that would otherwise constitute a breach of, or default under, the First Lien Credit Agreement or any other Senior Debt Document or any Second Priority Debt Document.

SECTION 8.22. Survival of Agreement. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by any party in this Agreement shall be considered to have been relied upon by the other parties hereto and shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement.

[Signatures on following pages]

 

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC
as Designated Senior Representative
By:  

/s/ Jason Kennedy

  Name: Jason Kennedy
  Title: Managing Director
Address for notices:
  Jefferies Finance LLC
  520 Madison Avenue
  New York, NY 10022
  Attention of: Account Officer – Sotera
  Telecopy: (212) 294-3444

[Signature Page to First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
solely in its capacity as second lien notes collateral agent under the Second Lien Indenture,
as Initial Second Priority Representative
By:  

/s/ W. Thomas Morris II

  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President
Address for Notices:
  Wilmington Trust, National Association
  Global Capital Markets
  1100 North Market Street
  Wilmington, Delaware 19890
  Attention of: Sotera Health Administrator
  Telecopy: (302) 636-4145

[Signature Page to First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement]


SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.
as Holdings
By:  

/s/ Scott J. Leffler

  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC
as Company
By:  

/s/ Scott J. Leffler

  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
SOTERA HEALTH LLC
STERIGENICS U.S., LLC
NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC
SOTERA HEALTH SERVICES, LLC, each as a Guarantor
By:  

/s/ Scott J. Leffler

  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement]

EX-10.25

Exhibit 10.25

FIRST LIEN PARI PASSU INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT

dated as of July 31, 2020

among

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC

as the Company

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

as Holdings,

the other GRANTORS party hereto,

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,

as First Lien Credit Agreement Collateral Agent for the Credit Agreement Secured Parties,

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,

as Authorized Representative for the Credit Agreement Secured Parties,

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent,

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as the Initial Additional Authorized Representative and

each ADDITIONAL FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT AND ADDITIONAL SENIOR CLASS DEBT

REPRESENTATIVE from time to time party hereto

 

 

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FIRST LIEN PARI PASSU INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, dated as of July 31, 2020 (as amended, restated, amended and restated, extended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”), among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), the other Grantors (as defined below) from time to time party hereto, JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC (“Jefferies”), as collateral agent for the Credit Agreement Secured Parties (as defined below) (in such capacity and together with its successors in such capacity, the “Credit Agreement Collateral Agent”), Jefferies, as First Lien Administrative Agent and Authorized Representative for the Credit Agreement Secured Parties (as each such term is defined below), WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as First Lien Collateral Agent under the Initial Additional First Lien Agreement (as defined below) for the Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties (as defined below) (in such capacity and together with its successors in such capacity, the “Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent”), WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as Trustee under the Initial Additional First Lien Agreement, as Authorized Representative for the Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties (as defined below) (in such capacity and together with its successors in such capacity, the “Initial Additional Authorized Representative”), and each additional Collateral Agent and Authorized Representative from time to time party hereto for the other Additional First Lien Secured Parties of the Series (as defined below) with respect to which it is acting in such capacity.

In consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Credit Agreement Collateral Agent, the First Lien Administrative Agent (for itself and on behalf of the Credit Agreement Secured Parties), the Initial Additional Authorized Representative (for itself and on behalf of the Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties), the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent and each additional Authorized Representative (for itself and on behalf of the Additional First Lien Secured Parties of the applicable Series) and additional Collateral Agent agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

Section 1.01. Certain Defined Terms. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein have the meanings set forth in the Credit Agreement or, if defined in the New York UCC, the meanings specified therein. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

Additional First Lien Collateral Agent” means, with respect to the Shared Collateral (x) for so long as the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations are the only Series of Additional First Lien Obligations outstanding, the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent and (y) thereafter, the Collateral Agent for the Series of Additional First Lien Obligations that constitutes the largest outstanding aggregate principal amount of any then outstanding Series of First Lien Obligations with respect to such Shared Collateral.

 

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Additional First Lien Documents” means, with respect to the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations or any Series of Additional Senior Class Debt, the notes, credit agreement, indentures, security documents and other operative agreements evidencing or governing such indebtedness and liens securing such indebtedness, including the Initial Additional First Lien Documents and the Additional First Lien Security Documents and each other agreement entered into for the purpose of securing the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations or any Series of Additional Senior Class Debt; provided that, in each case, the Indebtedness thereunder (other than the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations) has been designated as Additional First Lien Obligations pursuant to Section 5.13 hereto.

Additional First Lien Obligations” means all amounts owing to any Additional First Lien Secured Party (including the Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties) pursuant to the terms of any Additional First Lien Document (including the Initial Additional First Lien Documents), including, without limitation, all amounts in respect of any principal, premium, interest, fees, expenses (including any interest, fees, and expenses accruing subsequent to the commencement of an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding at the rate provided for in the respective Additional First Lien Document, whether or not such interest, fees, and expenses are an allowed claim under any such proceeding or under applicable state, federal or foreign law), penalties, indemnifications, reimbursements, damages and other liabilities, and guarantees of the foregoing amounts.

Additional First Lien Secured Party” means the holders of any Additional First Lien Obligations and any Authorized Representative and the Collateral Agent with respect thereto, and shall include the Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties and the Additional Senior Class Debt Parties.

Additional First Lien Security Documents” means any collateral agreement, security agreement or any other document now existing or entered into after the date hereof that create Liens on any assets or properties of any Grantor to secure the Additional First Lien Obligations.

Additional Senior Class Debt” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.13.

Additional Senior Class Debt Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.13.

Additional Senior Class Debt Parties” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.13.

Additional Senior Class Debt Representative” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.13.

Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Applicable Authorized Representative” means, with respect to any Shared Collateral, (i) until the earlier of (x) the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations and (y) the Non-Controlling Authorized Representative Enforcement Date, the First Lien Administrative Agent and (ii) from and after the earlier of (x) the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations and (y) the Non-Controlling Authorized Representative Enforcement Date, the Major Non-Controlling Authorized Representative.

 

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Applicable Collateral Agent” means (i) until the earlier of (x) the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations and (y) the Non-Controlling Authorized Representative Enforcement Date, the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent and (ii) from and after the earlier of (x) the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations and (y) the Non-Controlling Authorized Representative Enforcement Date, the Additional First Lien Collateral Agent.

Authorized Representative” means, at any time, (i) in the case of any Credit Agreement Obligations or the Credit Agreement Secured Parties, the First Lien Administrative Agent, (ii) in the case of the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations or the Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties, the Initial Additional Authorized Representative, and (iii) in the case of any other Series of Additional First Lien Obligations or Additional First Lien Secured Parties that become subject to this Agreement after the date hereof, the Additional Senior Class Debt Representative named for such Series in the applicable Joinder Agreement.

Bankruptcy Case” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.05(b).

Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended.

Bankruptcy Law” means the Bankruptcy Code and any similar federal, state or foreign law for the relief of debtors.

Collateral” means all assets and properties subject to Liens created pursuant to any First Lien Security Document to secure one or more Series of First Lien Obligations.

Collateral Agent” means (i) in the case of any Credit Agreement Obligations, the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent, (ii) in the case of the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations, the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent and (iii) in the case of any other Series of Additional First Lien Obligations that become subject to this Agreement after the date hereof, the Additional Senior Class Debt Collateral Agent for such Series named in the applicable Joinder Agreement.

Collateral Agreement” means that certain First Lien Collateral Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, among Holdings, the Company, the other Grantors party thereto and the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent, as amended, restated, amended and restated, extended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

Company” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Controlling Secured Parties” means, with respect to any Shared Collateral, (i) at any time when the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent is the Applicable Collateral Agent, the Credit Agreement Secured Parties and (ii) at any other time, the Series of First Lien Secured Parties whose Authorized Representative is the Applicable Authorized Representative for such Shared Collateral.

Credit Agreement” means that certain First Lien Credit Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2019, among Holdings, the Company, the lenders from time to time party thereto, Jefferies, as administrative agent (in such capacity and together with its successors in such capacity, the “First Lien Administrative Agent”), and the other parties thereto, as amended, restated, amended and restated, extended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

 

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Credit Agreement Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Credit Agreement Collateral Documents” means the Collateral Agreement, the other Security Documents (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and each other agreement entered into in favor of the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent for the purpose of securing any Credit Agreement Obligations.

Credit Agreement Obligations” means all “Secured Obligations” as defined in the Credit Agreement.

Credit Agreement Secured Parties” means the “Secured Parties” as defined in the Collateral Agreement.

DIP Financing” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.05(b).

DIP Financing Liens” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.05(b).

DIP Lenders” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.05(b).

Discharge” means, with respect to any Shared Collateral and any Series of First Lien Obligations, the date on which such Series of First Lien Obligations is no longer secured by such Shared Collateral pursuant to the terms of the documentation governing such Series of First Lien Obligations. The term “Discharged” shall have a corresponding meaning.

Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations” means, with respect to any Shared Collateral, the Discharge of the Credit Agreement Obligations with respect to such Shared Collateral; provided that the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations shall not be deemed to have occurred in connection with a Refinancing of such Credit Agreement Obligations with additional First Lien Obligations secured by such Shared Collateral under an Additional First Lien Document which has been designated in writing by the First Lien Administrative Agent (under the Credit Agreement so Refinanced) to the Additional First Lien Collateral Agent and each other Authorized Representative as the “Credit Agreement” for purposes of this Agreement.

Event of Default” means an “Event of Default” (or similarly defined term) as defined in any Secured Credit Document.

First Lien Administrative Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “Credit Agreement”.

First Lien Debt Document” means the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents (as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement) and the Additional First Lien Documents.

First Lien Obligations” means, collectively, (i) the Credit Agreement Obligations and (ii) each Series of Additional First Lien Obligations.

 

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First Lien Secured Parties” means (i) the Credit Agreement Secured Parties and (ii) the Additional First Lien Secured Parties with respect to each Series of Additional First Lien Obligations.

First Lien Security Documents” means collectively, (i) the Credit Agreement Collateral Documents and (ii) the Additional First Lien Security Documents.

Grantors” means the Company and each of the Guarantors (as defined in the Credit Agreement), each Intermediate Parent and each other Subsidiary of the Company which has granted a security interest pursuant to any First Lien Security Document to secure any Series of First Lien Obligations (including any Subsidiary which becomes a party to this Agreement as contemplated by Section 5.16). The Grantors existing on the date hereof are set forth in Schedule I hereto.

Holdings” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Impairment” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.03.

Initial Additional Authorized Representative” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Initial Additional First Lien Agreement” mean that certain Indenture, dated as of July 31, 2020, among the Company, the Guarantors identified therein and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as collateral agent, calculation agent and trustee, as amended, restated, amended and restated, extended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Initial Additional First Lien Documents” means the Initial Additional First Lien Agreement, the debt securities, if any, issued thereunder, the Initial Additional First Lien Security Agreement and any security documents and other operative agreements evidencing or governing the Indebtedness thereunder, and the Liens securing such Indebtedness, including any agreement entered into for the purpose of securing the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations.

Initial Additional First Lien Obligations” means the “Notes Obligations” as such term is defined in the Initial Additional First Lien Security Agreement.

Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties” means the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent, the Initial Additional Authorized Representative and the holders of the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations issued pursuant to the Initial Additional First Lien Agreement.

Initial Additional First Lien Security Agreement” means the First Lien Collateral Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among the Company, the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent and the other Grantors party thereto, as amended, restated, amended and restated, extended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

 

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Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding” means:

(1) any case or proceeding commenced by or against the Company or any other Grantor under any Bankruptcy Law, any other case or proceeding for the reorganization, recapitalization or adjustment or marshalling of the assets or liabilities of the Company or any other Grantor, any receivership or assignment for the benefit of creditors relating to the Company or any other Grantor or any similar case or proceeding relative to the Company or any other Grantor or its creditors, as such, in each case whether or not voluntary;

(2) any liquidation, dissolution, marshalling of assets or liabilities or other winding up of or relating to the Company or any other Grantor, in each case whether or not voluntary and whether or not involving bankruptcy or insolvency; or

(3) any other case or proceeding of any type or nature in which substantially all claims of creditors of the Company or any other Grantor are determined and any payment or distribution is or may be made on account of such claims.

Intermediate Parent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

Intervening Creditor” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01(a).

Jefferies” has the meaning assigned to such term in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.

Joinder Agreement” means a joinder to this Agreement in the form of Annex II hereto required to be delivered by an Additional Senior Class Debt Representative and the related Additional Senior Class Debt Collateral Agent pursuant to Section 5.13 hereof in order to establish an additional Series of Additional Senior Class Debt and add Additional First Lien Secured Parties hereunder.

Lien” means, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset and (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such asset.

Major Non-Controlling Authorized Representative” means, with respect to any Shared Collateral, the Authorized Representative of the Series of Additional First Lien Obligations that constitutes the largest outstanding principal amount of any then outstanding Series of First Lien Obligations with respect to such Shared Collateral.

New York UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the State of New York.

Non-Controlling Authorized Representative” means, at any time with respect to any Shared Collateral, any Authorized Representative that is not the Applicable Authorized Representative at such time with respect to such Shared Collateral.

 

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Non-Controlling Authorized Representative Enforcement Date” means, with respect to any Non-Controlling Authorized Representative, the date which is 120 days (throughout which 120-day period such Non-Controlling Authorized Representative was the Major Non-Controlling Authorized Representative) after the occurrence of both (i) an Event of Default (under and as defined in the Additional First Lien Document under which such Non-Controlling Authorized Representative is the Authorized Representative) and (ii) receipt by each of the Applicable Collateral Agent, each other Collateral Agent, the Applicable Authorized Representative, and each other Authorized Representative of written notice from such Non-Controlling Authorized Representative certifying that (x) such Non-Controlling Authorized Representative is the Major Non-Controlling Authorized Representative and that an Event of Default (under and as defined in the Additional First Lien Document under which such Non-Controlling Authorized Representative is the Authorized Representative) has occurred and is continuing and (y) the Additional First Lien Obligations of the Series with respect to which such Non-Controlling Authorized Representative is the Authorized Representative are currently due and payable in full (whether as a result of acceleration thereof or otherwise) in accordance with the terms of the applicable Additional First Lien Document; provided that, such Event of Default (under and as defined in the Additional First Lien Document under which such Non-Controlling Authorized Representative is the Authorized Representative) shall be continuing at the end of such 120-day period; provided, further that the Non-Controlling Authorized Representative Enforcement Date shall be stayed and shall not occur and shall be deemed not to have occurred with respect to any Shared Collateral (1) at any time the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent has commenced and is diligently pursuing any enforcement action with respect to such Shared Collateral or (2) at any time the Grantor which has granted a security interest in such Shared Collateral is then a debtor under or with respect to (or otherwise subject to) any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding.

Non-Controlling Secured Parties” means, at any time with respect to any Shared Collateral, the First Lien Secured Parties which are not Controlling Secured Parties at such time with respect to such Shared Collateral.

Possessory Collateral” means any Shared Collateral in the possession of a Collateral Agent (or its agents or bailees), to the extent that possession thereof perfects a Lien thereon under the Uniform Commercial Code of any applicable jurisdiction. Possessory Collateral includes, without limitation, any Certificated Securities, Promissory Notes, Instruments and Chattel Paper, in each case, delivered to or in the possession of the Collateral Agent under the terms of the First Lien Security Documents.

Post-Petition Interest” means any interest or entitlement to fees or expenses or other charges that accrue after the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, whether or not allowed or allowable as a claim in any such Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding.

Proceeds” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01(a).

Refinance” means, in respect of any Indebtedness, to refinance, extend, renew, defease, amend, increase, modify, supplement, restructure, refund, replace, repay, prepay, purchase, redeem or retire, or to issue other indebtedness or enter alternative financing arrangements, in each case in exchange or replacement for such indebtedness (in whole or in part), including by adding or replacing lenders, creditors, agents, borrowers or guarantors, and including in each case, but not limited to, after the original instrument giving rise to such indebtedness has been terminated and including, in each case, through any credit agreement, indenture or other agreement. “Refinanced” and “Refinancing” have correlative meanings.

 

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Secured Credit Document” means (i) the Credit Agreement and each First Lien Loan Document (as defined in the Credit Agreement), (ii) each Initial Additional First Lien Document, and (iii) each Additional First Lien Document.

Series” means (a) with respect to the First Lien Secured Parties, each of (i) the Credit Agreement Secured Parties (in their capacities as such), (ii) the Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties (in their capacities as such), and (iii) the Additional First Lien Secured Parties that become subject to this Agreement after the date hereof that are represented by a common Authorized Representative (in its capacity as such for such Additional First Lien Secured Parties) and (b) with respect to any First Lien Obligations, each of (i) the Credit Agreement Obligations, (ii) the Initial Additional First Lien Obligations, and (iii) the Additional First Lien Obligations incurred pursuant to any Additional First Lien Document, which pursuant to any Joinder Agreement are to be represented hereunder by a common Authorized Representative (in its capacity as such for such Additional First Lien Obligations).

Shared Collateral” means, at any time, Collateral in which the holders of two or more Series of First Lien Obligations hold a valid and perfected security interest at such time. If more than two Series of First Lien Obligations are outstanding at any time and the holders of less than all Series of First Lien Obligations hold a valid and perfected security interest in any Collateral at such time, then such Collateral shall constitute Shared Collateral for those Series of First Lien Obligations that hold a valid and perfected security interest in such Collateral at such time and shall not constitute Shared Collateral for any Series which does not have a valid and perfected security interest in such Collateral at such time.

Section 1.02. Terms Generally. The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.” The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.” Unless the context requires otherwise, (i) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument, other document, statute or regulation herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument, other document, statute or regulation as from time to time amended, supplemented or otherwise modified, (ii) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns, but shall not be deemed to include the subsidiaries of such Person unless express reference is made to such subsidiaries, (iii) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof, (iv) all references herein to Articles, Sections and Annexes shall be construed to refer to Articles, Sections and Annexes of this Agreement, (v) unless otherwise expressly qualified herein, the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights, and (vi) the term “or” is not exclusive.

 

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Section 1.03. Impairments. It is the intention of the First Lien Secured Parties of each Series that the holders of First Lien Obligations of such Series (and not the First Lien Secured Parties of any other Series) bear the risk of (i) any determination by a court of competent jurisdiction that (x) any of the First Lien Obligations of such Series are unenforceable under applicable law or are subordinated to any other obligations (other than another Series of First Lien Obligations), (y) any of the First Lien Obligations of such Series do not have an enforceable security interest in any of the Collateral securing any other Series of First Lien Obligations or (z) any intervening security interest exists securing any other obligations (other than another Series of First Lien Obligations) on a basis ranking prior to the security interest of such Series of First Lien Obligations but junior to the security interest of any other Series of First Lien Obligations or (ii) the existence of any Collateral for any other Series of First Lien Obligations that is not Shared Collateral for such Series (any such condition referred to in the foregoing clause (i) or (ii) with respect to any Series of First Lien Obligations, an “Impairment” of such Series). In the event of any Impairment with respect to any Series of First Lien Obligations, the results of such Impairment shall be borne solely by the holders of such Series of First Lien Obligations, and the rights of the holders of such Series of First Lien Obligations (including, without limitation, the right to receive distributions in respect of such Series of First Lien Obligations pursuant to Section 2.01) set forth herein shall be modified to the extent necessary so that the effects of such Impairment are borne solely by the holders of the Series of such First Lien Obligations subject to such Impairment.

Additionally, in the event the First Lien Obligations of any Series are modified pursuant to applicable law (including, without limitation, pursuant to Section 1129 of the Bankruptcy Code), any reference to such First Lien Obligations or the First Lien Security Documents governing such First Lien Obligations shall refer to such obligations or such documents as so modified.

ARTICLE II

PRIORITIES AND AGREEMENTS WITH RESPECT TO SHARED COLLATERAL

Section 2.01. Priority of Claims.

(a) Anything contained herein or in any of the Secured Credit Documents to the contrary notwithstanding (but subject to Section 1.03 and the following sentence), if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and the Applicable Collateral Agent or any First Lien Secured Party is taking action to enforce rights or remedies in respect of any Shared Collateral, or any distribution is made in respect of any Shared Collateral in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding of the Company or any other Grantor (including any adequate protection payments) or any First Lien Secured Party receives any payment or distribution pursuant to any intercreditor agreement (other than this Agreement) with respect to any Shared Collateral, the proceeds of any sale, collection or other liquidation of any such Shared Collateral by any First Lien Secured Party on account of such enforcement rights or remedies or received by the Applicable Collateral Agent or any First Lien Secured Party pursuant to any such intercreditor agreement with respect to such Shared Collateral and any such distribution (subject, in the case of any such distribution, proceeds, or payments to the sentence immediately following) to which the First Lien Obligations are entitled under any intercreditor agreement (other than this Agreement) (all such payments, distributions, proceeds of any sale, collection or other liquidation of any Shared Collateral and all proceeds or payments of any such distribution being collectively referred to as “Proceeds”) shall be applied (i)

 

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FIRST, to the payment of all amounts owing to each Collateral Agent (in its capacity as such) on a ratable basis pursuant to the terms of the applicable Secured Credit Documents, (ii) SECOND, subject to Section 1.03, to the payment in full of the First Lien Obligations of each Series secured by a valid and perfected lien on such Shared Collateral on a ratable basis, with such Proceeds from Shared Collateral to be applied to the First Lien Obligations of a given Series in accordance with the terms of the applicable Secured Credit Documents; provided that following the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding with respect to the Company or any other Grantor, solely as among the First Lien Secured Parties and solely for purposes of this clause SECOND and not any Secured Credit Documents, in the event the value of the Shared Collateral is not sufficient for the entire amount of Post-Petition Interest on the First Lien Obligations to be allowed under Section 506(a) and (b) of the Bankruptcy Code or any other applicable provision of the Bankruptcy Code or other Bankruptcy Law in such Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, the amount of First Lien Obligations of each Series of First Lien Obligations shall include only the maximum amount of Post-Petition Interest on the First Lien Obligations allowable under Section 506(a) and (b) of the Bankruptcy Code or any other applicable provision of the Bankruptcy Code or other Bankruptcy Law in such Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding; and (iii) THIRD, after payment of all First Lien Obligations, to the Company and the other Grantors or their successors or assigns, as their interests may appear, or to whosoever may be lawfully entitled to receive the same, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct. If, despite the provisions of the Section 2.01(a), any First Lien Secured Party shall receive any payment or other recovery in excess of its portion of payments on account of the First Lien Obligations to which it is then entitled in accordance with this Section 2.01(a), such First Lien Secured Party shall hold such payment or recovery in trust for the benefit of all First Lien Secured Parties for distribution in accordance with this Section 2.01(a). Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Shared Collateral upon which a third party (other than a First Lien Secured Party) has a lien or security interest that is junior in priority to the security interest of any Series of First Lien Obligations but senior (as determined by appropriate legal proceedings in the case of any dispute) to the security interest of any other Series of First Lien Obligations (such third party, an “Intervening Creditor”), the value of any Shared Collateral or Proceeds which are allocated to such Intervening Creditor shall be deducted on a ratable basis solely from the Shared Collateral or Proceeds to be distributed in respect of the Series of First Lien Obligations with respect to which such Impairment exists.

(b) It is acknowledged that the First Lien Obligations of any Series may, subject to the limitations set forth in the then extant Secured Credit Documents, be increased, extended, renewed, replaced, restated, supplemented, restructured, repaid, refunded, Refinanced or otherwise amended or modified from time to time, all without affecting the priorities set forth in Section 2.01(a) or the provisions of this Agreement defining the relative rights of the First Lien Secured Parties of any Series.

(c) Notwithstanding the date, time, method, manner or order of grant, attachment or perfection of any Liens securing any Series of First Lien Obligations granted on the Shared Collateral and notwithstanding any provision of the Uniform Commercial Code of any jurisdiction, or any other applicable law or the Secured Credit Documents or any defect or deficiencies in the Liens securing the First Lien Obligations of any Series or any other circumstance whatsoever (but, in each case, subject to Section 1.03), each First Lien Secured Party hereby agrees that the Liens securing each Series of First Lien Obligations on any Shared Collateral shall be of equal priority.

 

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(d) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or any other First Lien Security Documents to the contrary, Collateral consisting of cash and cash equivalents pledged to secure Credit Agreement Obligations consisting of reimbursement obligations in respect of letters of credit or otherwise held by the First Lien Administrative Agent or the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent pursuant to Section 2.05(j), 2.11(b), 2.18(e) or 2.22 of the Credit Agreement (or any equivalent successor provision) shall be applied as specified in the Credit Agreement and will not constitute Shared Collateral.

Section 2.02. Actions with Respect to Shared Collateral; Prohibition on Contesting Liens.

(a) Only the Applicable Collateral Agent shall act or refrain from acting with respect to any Shared Collateral (including with respect to any intercreditor agreement with respect to any Shared Collateral). At any time when the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent is the Applicable Collateral Agent, no Additional First Lien Secured Party shall, or shall instruct any Collateral Agent to, and neither the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent nor any other Collateral Agent that is not the Applicable Collateral Agent shall, commence any judicial or nonjudicial foreclosure proceedings with respect to, seek to have a trustee, receiver, liquidator or similar official appointed for or over, attempt any action to take possession of, exercise any right, remedy or power with respect to, or otherwise take any action to enforce its security interest in or realize upon, or take any other action available to it in respect of, any Shared Collateral (including with respect to any intercreditor agreement with respect to any Shared Collateral), whether under any Additional First Lien Security Document, applicable law or otherwise, it being agreed that only the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent, acting in accordance with the Credit Agreement Collateral Documents (or any Person authorized by it), shall be entitled to take any such actions or exercise any such remedies with respect to Shared Collateral at such time.

(b) With respect to any Shared Collateral at any time when the Additional First Lien Collateral Agent is the Applicable Collateral Agent, (i) the Applicable Collateral Agent shall act only on the instructions of the Applicable Authorized Representative, (ii) the Applicable Collateral Agent shall not follow any instructions with respect to such Shared Collateral (including with respect to any intercreditor agreement with respect to any Shared Collateral) from any Non-Controlling Authorized Representative (or any other First Lien Secured Party other than the Applicable Authorized Representative) and (iii) no Non-Controlling Authorized Representative or other First Lien Secured Party (other than the Applicable Authorized Representative) shall, or shall instruct the Applicable Collateral Agent to, commence any judicial or non-judicial foreclosure proceedings with respect to, seek to have a trustee, receiver, liquidator or similar official appointed for or over, attempt any action to take possession of, exercise any right, remedy or power with respect to, or otherwise take any action to enforce its security interest in or realize upon, or take any other action available to it in respect of, any Shared Collateral (including with respect to any intercreditor agreement with respect to any Shared Collateral), whether under any First Lien Security Document, applicable law or otherwise, it being agreed that only the Applicable Collateral Agent, acting on the instructions of the Applicable Authorized Representative and in accordance with the Additional First Lien Security Documents, shall be entitled to take any such actions or exercise any such remedies with respect to Shared Collateral.

 

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(c) Notwithstanding the equal priority of the Liens securing each Series of First Lien Obligations with respect to the Shared Collateral, the Applicable Collateral Agent (in the case of the Additional First Lien Collateral Agent, acting on the instructions of the Applicable Authorized Representative) may deal with the Shared Collateral as if such Applicable Collateral Agent had a senior Lien on such Collateral. No Non-Controlling Authorized Representative or Non-Controlling Secured Party will contest, protest or object to any foreclosure proceeding or action brought by the Applicable Collateral Agent, the Applicable Authorized Representative or the Controlling Secured Party or any other exercise by the Applicable Collateral Agent, the Applicable Authorized Representative or the Controlling Secured Party of any rights and remedies relating to the Shared Collateral, or to cause the Applicable Collateral Agent to do so. The foregoing shall not be construed to limit the rights and priorities of any First Lien Secured Party, the Applicable Collateral Agent or any Authorized Representative with respect to any Collateral not constituting Shared Collateral.

(d) Each of the First Lien Secured Parties agrees that it will not (and hereby waives any right to) question or contest or support any other Person in contesting, in any proceeding (including any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding), the creation, perfection, priority, validity, attachment or enforceability of a Lien held by or on behalf of any of the First Lien Secured Parties on all or any part of the Collateral, or the provisions of this Agreement; provided that nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to prevent or impair the rights of any Collateral Agent or any Authorized Representative to enforce this Agreement.

Section 2.03. No Interference; Payment Over.

(a) Each First Lien Secured Party agrees that (i) it will not challenge or question in any proceeding (including any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding) the validity, allowability or enforceability of any First Lien Obligations of any Series or any First Lien Security Document or the validity, attachment, perfection or priority of any Lien under any First Lien Security Document or the validity or enforceability of the priorities, rights or duties established by or other provisions of this Agreement, (ii) it will not take or cause to be taken any action the purpose or intent of which is, or could be, to interfere, hinder or delay, in any manner, whether by judicial proceedings or otherwise, any sale, transfer or other disposition of the Shared Collateral by the Applicable Collateral Agent, (iii) except as provided in Section 2.02, it shall have no right to (A) direct the Applicable Collateral Agent or any other First Lien Secured Party to exercise, and shall not exercise, any right, remedy or power with respect to any Shared Collateral (including pursuant to any intercreditor agreement) or (B) consent to the exercise by the Applicable Collateral Agent or any other First Lien Secured Party of any right, remedy or power with respect to any Shared Collateral, (iv) it will not institute any suit or assert in any suit, Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding or other proceeding any claim against the Applicable Collateral Agent or any other First Lien Secured Party seeking damages from or other relief by way of specific performance, instructions or otherwise with respect to any Shared Collateral, and none of the Applicable Collateral Agent, any Applicable Authorized Representative or any other First Lien Secured Party shall be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by the Applicable Collateral Agent, such Applicable Authorized Representative or other First Lien Secured Party with respect to any Shared Collateral in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, (v) it will not seek, and hereby waives any right, to have any Shared Collateral or any part thereof marshalled upon any foreclosure or other disposition of such Collateral and (vi) it will not attempt, directly or indirectly, whether by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to challenge the enforceability of any provision of this Agreement; provided that nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to prevent or impair the rights of the Applicable Collateral Agent or any other First Lien Secured Party to enforce this Agreement.

 

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(b) Each First Lien Secured Party hereby agrees that if it shall obtain possession of any Shared Collateral or shall realize any proceeds or payment in respect of any such Shared Collateral, pursuant to any First Lien Security Document or by the exercise of any rights available to it under applicable law or in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding or through any other exercise of remedies (including pursuant to any intercreditor agreement), at any time prior to the Discharge of each of the First Lien Obligations, then it shall hold such Shared Collateral, proceeds or payment in trust for the other First Lien Secured Parties and promptly transfer such Shared Collateral, proceeds or payment, as the case may be, to the Applicable Collateral Agent, to be distributed in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.01.

Section 2.04. Automatic Release of Liens.

(a) If at any time the Applicable Collateral Agent forecloses upon or otherwise exercises remedies against any Shared Collateral resulting in a sale or disposition thereof, then (whether or not any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding is pending at the time) the Liens in favor of the other Collateral Agents for the benefit of each Series of First Lien Secured Parties upon such Shared Collateral will automatically be released and discharged as and when, but only to the extent, such Liens of the Applicable Collateral Agent on such Shared Collateral are released and discharged; provided that any proceeds of any Shared Collateral realized therefrom shall be applied pursuant to Section 2.01.

(b) Each Collateral Agent and Authorized Representative agrees to execute and deliver (at the sole cost and expense of the Grantors) all such authorizations and other instruments as shall reasonably be requested by the Applicable Collateral Agent to evidence and confirm any release of Shared Collateral provided for in this Section.

Section 2.05. Certain Agreements with Respect to Bankruptcy or Insolvency or Liquidation Proceedings.

(a) This Agreement shall continue in full force and effect notwithstanding the commencement and continuance of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding by or against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. The relative rights as to the Shared Collateral and proceeds thereof shall continue after the commencement of any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding on the same basis as prior to the date of the petition therefor. All references herein to any Grantor shall include such Grantor as a debtor-in-possession and any receiver or trustee for such Grantor.

(b) If the Company or any other Grantor shall become subject to a case (a “Bankruptcy Case”) under the Bankruptcy Code or other Bankruptcy Law and shall, as debtor(s)-in-possession, move for approval of financing (“DIP Financing”) to be provided by one or more lenders (the “DIP Lenders”) under Section 364 of the Bankruptcy Code or any equivalent provision of any other Bankruptcy Law or the use of cash collateral under Section 363 of the Bankruptcy Code or any equivalent provision of any other Bankruptcy Law, each First Lien Secured Party (other than any Controlling Secured Party or Authorized Representative of any Controlling Secured Party) agrees that it will not raise, join or support any objection to any such financing or to the Liens on the

 

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Shared Collateral securing the same (“DIP Financing Liens”) or to any use of cash collateral that constitutes Shared Collateral, unless an Authorized Representative of any Controlling Secured Party shall then oppose or object (or join in any objection) to such DIP Financing or such DIP Financing Liens or use of cash collateral (and (i) to the extent that such DIP Financing Liens are senior to the Liens on any such Shared Collateral for the benefit of the Controlling Secured Parties, each Non-Controlling Secured Party will subordinate its Liens with respect to such Shared Collateral on the same terms as the Liens of the Controlling Secured Parties (other than any Liens of any First Lien Secured Parties constituting DIP Financing Liens) are subordinated thereto, and (ii) to the extent that such DIP Financing Liens rank pari passu with the Liens on any such Shared Collateral granted to secure the First Lien Obligations of the Controlling Secured Parties, each Non-Controlling Secured Party will confirm the priorities with respect to such Shared Collateral as set forth herein), in each case so long as (A) the First Lien Secured Parties of each Series retain the benefit of their Liens on all such Shared Collateral pledged to the DIP Lenders, including proceeds thereof arising after the commencement of such proceeding, with the same priority vis-à-vis all the other First Lien Secured Parties (other than any Liens of the First Lien Secured Parties constituting DIP Financing Liens) as existed prior to the commencement of the Bankruptcy Case, (B) the First Lien Secured Parties of each Series are granted Liens on any additional or replacement collateral pledged to any First Lien Secured Parties as adequate protection or otherwise in connection with such DIP Financing or use of cash collateral, with the same priority vis-à-vis the First Lien Secured Parties (other than any Liens of the First Lien Secured Parties constituting DIP Financing Liens) as set forth in this Agreement, (C) if any amount of such DIP Financing or cash collateral is applied to repay any of the First Lien Obligations, such amount is applied pursuant to Section 2.01, and (D) if any First Lien Secured Parties are granted adequate protection with respect to the First Lien Obligations, including in the form of periodic payments, in connection with such DIP Financing or use of cash collateral, the proceeds of such adequate protection are applied pursuant to Section 2.01; provided that the First Lien Secured Parties of each Series shall have a right to object to the grant of a Lien to secure the DIP Financing over any Collateral subject to Liens in favor of the First Lien Secured Parties of such Series or their Authorized Representative that shall not constitute Shared Collateral; and provided, further, that the First Lien Secured Parties receiving adequate protection with respect to the First Lien Obligations shall not object to any other First Lien Secured Party receiving adequate protection with respect to the First Lien Obligations comparable to any adequate protection granted to such First Lien Secured Parties in connection with a DIP Financing or use of cash collateral.

(c) Each of the First Lien Secured Parties agrees that, in an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding or otherwise, none of them will oppose any sale or disposition of any Shared Collateral of any Grantor that is supported by the Controlling Secured Parties or the Applicable Authorized Representative (at the direction of the Controlling Secured Parties); provided that any Proceeds of any Shared Collateral realized therefrom shall be applied pursuant to Section 2.01.

Section 2.06. Reinstatement. In the event that any of the First Lien Obligations shall be paid in full and such payment or any part thereof shall subsequently, for whatever reason (including an order or judgment for disgorgement or avoidance of a preference, fraudulent transfer, or other avoidance action under the Bankruptcy Code, other applicable Bankruptcy Law, or any similar law, or the settlement of any claim in respect thereof), be required to be returned or repaid, the terms and conditions of this Article II shall be fully applicable thereto until all such First Lien Obligations shall again have been paid in full in cash.

 

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Section 2.07. Insurance. As between the First Lien Secured Parties, the Applicable Collateral Agent (and in the case of the Additional First Lien Collateral Agent, acting at the direction of the Applicable Authorized Representative) shall have the right to adjust or settle any insurance policy or claim covering or constituting Shared Collateral in the event of any loss thereunder and to approve any award granted in any condemnation or similar proceeding affecting the Shared Collateral.

Section 2.08. Refinancings. The First Lien Obligations of any Series may be Refinanced, in whole or in part, in each case, without notice to, or the consent (except to the extent a consent is otherwise required to permit the Refinancing transaction under any Secured Credit Document) of, any First Lien Secured Party of any other Series, all without affecting the priorities provided for herein or the other provisions hereof; provided that the Authorized Representative and Collateral Agent of the holders of any such Refinancing indebtedness shall have executed a Joinder Agreement on behalf of the holders of such Refinancing indebtedness.

Section 2.09. Possessory Collateral Agent as Gratuitous Bailee for Perfection.

(a) The Possessory Collateral shall be delivered to the Applicable Collateral Agent and the Applicable Collateral Agent agrees to hold any Shared Collateral constituting Possessory Collateral that is part of the Shared Collateral in its possession or control (or in the possession or control of its agents or bailees) as gratuitous bailee for the benefit of each other First Lien Secured Party and any assignee solely for the purpose of perfecting the security interest granted in such Possessory Collateral, if any, pursuant to the applicable First Lien Security Documents, in each case, subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 2.09; provided that at any time a Collateral Agent ceases to be the Applicable Collateral Agent, such former Applicable Collateral Agent shall, at the request of the new Applicable Collateral Agent, promptly deliver all such Possessory Collateral to the new Applicable Collateral Agent together with any necessary endorsements (or otherwise allow such new Applicable Collateral Agent to obtain control of such Possessory Collateral). If any Applicable Collateral Agent or Applicable Authorized Representative shall at any time obtain any landlord waiver or bailee’s letter or any similar agreement or arrangement granting it rights or access to Shared Collateral, the Applicable Collateral Agent and Applicable Authorized Representative shall also hold such Shared Collateral, or take such actions, at the expense of the Grantors, with respect to such landlord waiver, bailee’s letter or similar agreement or arrangement, as agent or gratuitous bailee for the other First Lien Secured Parties, in each case solely for the purpose of perfecting the Liens granted under the relevant First Lien Security Documents. The Company shall take such further action as is required to effectuate the transfer contemplated hereby and shall indemnify each Collateral Agent for loss or damage suffered by such Collateral Agent as a result of such transfer except for loss or damage suffered by such Collateral Agent as a result of its own willful misconduct or gross negligence as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and nonappealable judgment.

(b) The Applicable Collateral Agent agrees to hold any Shared Collateral constituting Possessory Collateral, from time to time in its possession, as gratuitous bailee for the benefit of each other First Lien Secured Party and any assignee, solely for the purpose of perfecting the security interest granted in such Possessory Collateral, if any, pursuant to the applicable First Lien Security Documents, in each case, subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 2.09.

 

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(c) The duties or responsibilities of each Collateral Agent under this Section 2.09 shall be limited solely to holding any Shared Collateral constituting Possessory Collateral as gratuitous bailee for the benefit of each other First Lien Secured Party for purposes of perfecting the Lien held by such First Lien Secured Parties thereon.

Section 2.10. Amendments to Security Documents.

(a) Without the prior written consent of the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent, each Additional First Lien Secured Party agrees that no Additional First Lien Security Document may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified or entered into to the extent such amendment, supplement or modification, or the terms of any new Additional First Lien Security Document, would be prohibited by, or would require any Grantor to act or refrain from acting in a manner that would violate, any of the terms of this Agreement.

(b) Without the prior written consent of the Additional First Lien Collateral Agent, the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent agrees that no Credit Agreement Collateral Document may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified or entered into to the extent such amendment, supplement or modification, or the terms of any new Credit Agreement Collateral Document, would be prohibited by, or would require any Grantor to act or refrain from acting in a manner that would violate, any of the terms of this Agreement.

(c) In making determinations required by this Section 2.10, each Collateral Agent may conclusively rely on an officer’s certificate of the Company, and in the case of the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent, an opinion of counsel, if so requested by the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent.

Section 2.11 No New Liens

The parties hereto, and each of the Grantors, agree that, so long as the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations has not occurred, other than cash collateral granted to secure the Credit Agreement Obligations in accordance with the terms of any Loan Document, none of the Grantors shall grant or permit any additional Liens on any asset or property of any Grantor to secure any Credit Agreement Obligation or Additional First Lien Obligation unless it has granted, or concurrently therewith grants, or permits the grant of, a Lien on such asset or property of such Grantor to secure each other Series of First Lien Obligations. If any Authorized Representative or any First Lien Secured Party shall hold any Lien on any assets or property of any Grantor securing any Credit Agreement Obligation or Additional First Lien Obligation, as applicable, other than cash collateral granted to secure the First Lien Obligations in accordance with the terms of any Secured Credit Document, that are not also subject to Liens securing all other First Lien Obligations under the applicable First Lien Security Documents (the “Undersecured Obligations”), subject to Section 1.03, (A) such Authorized Representative or First Lien Secured Party shall be deemed to hold and have held such Lien for the benefit of each Authorized Representative and the other First Lien Secured Parties in respect of Undersecured Obligations as security for such Person’s First Lien Obligations and (B) the Grantors shall notify the Authorized Representative for the Undersecured Obligations promptly upon becoming aware of any Undersecured Obligations and shall promptly grant a similar Lien with the same priority on such assets or property to each Authorized Representative as security for the applicable First Lien Obligations.

 

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ARTICLE III

EXISTENCE AND AMOUNTS OF LIENS AND OBLIGATIONS

Section 3.01. Determinations with Respect to Amounts of Liens and Obligations.

Whenever a Collateral Agent or any Authorized Representative shall be required, in connection with the exercise of its rights or the performance of its obligations hereunder, to determine the existence or amount of any First Lien Obligations of any Series, or the Shared Collateral subject to any Lien securing the First Lien Obligations of any Series, it may request that such information be furnished to it in writing by each other Authorized Representative or Collateral Agent and shall be entitled to make such determination or not make any determination on the basis of the information so furnished; provided, however, that if an Authorized Representative or a Collateral Agent shall fail or refuse reasonably promptly to provide the requested information, the requesting Collateral Agent or Authorized Representative shall be entitled to make any such determination by such method as it may, in the exercise of its good faith judgment, determine, including by reliance upon an officer’s certificate of the Company. Each Collateral Agent and each Authorized Representative may rely conclusively, and shall be fully protected in so relying, on any determination made by it in accordance with the provisions of the preceding sentence (or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction) and shall have no liability to any Grantor, any First Lien Secured Party or any other Person as a result of such determination.

ARTICLE IV

THE APPLICABLE COLLATERAL AGENT

Section 4.01. Authority.

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, nothing herein shall be construed to impose any fiduciary or other duty on any Applicable Collateral Agent to any Non-Controlling Secured Party or give any Non-Controlling Secured Party the right to direct any Applicable Collateral Agent, except that each Applicable Collateral Agent shall be obligated to distribute proceeds of any Shared Collateral in accordance with Section 2.01.

(b) In furtherance of the foregoing, each Non-Controlling Secured Party acknowledges and agrees that the Applicable Collateral Agent shall be entitled, for the benefit of the First Lien Secured Parties, to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of or deal with any Shared Collateral as provided herein and in the First Lien Security Documents, as applicable, pursuant to which the Applicable Collateral Agent is the collateral agent for such Shared Collateral, without regard to any rights to which the Non-Controlling Secured Parties would otherwise be entitled as a result of the First Lien Obligations held by such Non-Controlling Secured Parties. Without limiting the foregoing, each Non-Controlling Secured Party agrees that none of the Applicable Collateral Agent, the Applicable Authorized Representative or any other First Lien Secured Party shall have any duty or obligation first to marshal or realize upon any type of Shared Collateral (or any other

 

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Collateral securing any of the First Lien Obligations), or to sell, dispose of or otherwise liquidate all or any portion of such Shared Collateral (or any other Collateral securing any First Lien Obligations), in any manner that would maximize the return to the Non-Controlling Secured Parties, notwithstanding that the order and timing of any such realization, sale, disposition or liquidation may affect the amount of proceeds actually received by the Non-Controlling Secured Parties from such realization, sale, disposition or liquidation. Each of the First Lien Secured Parties waives any claim it may now or hereafter have against any Collateral Agent or the Authorized Representative of any other Series of First Lien Obligations or any other First Lien Secured Party of any other Series arising out of (i) any actions which any Collateral Agent, Authorized Representative or the First Lien Secured Parties take or omit to take (including actions with respect to the creation, perfection or continuation of Liens on any Collateral, actions with respect to the foreclosure upon, sale, release or depreciation of, or failure to realize upon, any of the Collateral and actions with respect to the collection of any claim for all or any part of the First Lien Obligations from any account debtor, guarantor or any other party) in accordance with the First Lien Security Documents or any other agreement related thereto or to the collection of the First Lien Obligations or the valuation, use, protection or release of any security for the First Lien Obligations, (ii) any election by any Applicable Authorized Representative or any holders of First Lien Obligations, in any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, of the application of Section 1111(b) of the Bankruptcy Code or any equivalent provision of any other Bankruptcy Law or (iii) subject to Section 2.05, any borrowing by, or grant of a security interest or administrative expense priority under Section 364 of the Bankruptcy Code or any equivalent provision of any other Bankruptcy Law, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, as debtor-in-possession. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Applicable Collateral Agent shall not accept any Shared Collateral in full or partial satisfaction of any First Lien Obligations pursuant to Section 9-620 of the Uniform Commercial Code of any jurisdiction, without the consent of each Authorized Representative representing holders of First Lien Obligations for which such Collateral constitutes Shared Collateral.

Section 4.02. Exculpatory Provisions. The Applicable Collateral Agent shall not have any duties or obligations to any First Lien Secured Party except those expressly set forth herein and in the Secured Credit Documents for such Series for which the Applicable Collateral Agent is the Authorized Representative. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Applicable Collateral Agent:

(a) shall not be subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing;

(b) shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly contemplated hereby; provided that the Applicable Collateral Agent shall not be required to take any action that, in its opinion or the opinion of its counsel, may expose the Applicable Collateral Agent to liability or that is contrary to this Agreement or applicable law;

(c) shall not, except as expressly set forth herein, have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to a Grantor or any of its Affiliates that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as the Applicable Collateral Agent or any of its Affiliates in any capacity;

 

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(d) shall not, except as expressly set forth herein, be liable for any action taken or not taken by it (1) in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or (2) in reliance on an officer’s certificate of the Company stating that such action is permitted by the terms of this Agreement (which certificate Company may issue and deliver, or decline to issue or deliver, in its sole discretion). The Applicable Collateral Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Event of Default under any Series of First Lien Obligations unless and until written notice describing such Event of Default and referencing the applicable First Lien Debt Documents is received by the Applicable Collateral Agent;

(e) shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (1) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with this Agreement or any other First Lien Security Document, (2) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, (3) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth herein or therein or the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default, (4) the validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement, any other First Lien Security Document or any other agreement, instrument or document, or the creation, perfection or priority of any Lien purported to be created by the First Lien Security Documents, (5) the value or the sufficiency of any Collateral for any Series of First Lien Obligations, or (6) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in any First Lien Debt Document, other than to confirm receipt of items expressly required to be delivered to the Applicable Collateral Agent; and

(f) need not segregate money held hereunder from other funds except to the extent required by law and shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing.

ARTICLE V MISCELLANEOUS

Section 5.01. Notices. All notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed by certified or registered mail or sent by telecopy, as follows:

(a) if to the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent or the First Lien Administrative Agent, to it at:

Jefferies Finance LLC

520 Madison Avenue

New York, New York 10022

Attention: Account Officer – Sotera

Facsimile: (212) 284-3444

With a copy to:

Milbank LLP

55 Hudson Yards

New York, NY 10001

Attention: Michael Bellucci

Facsimile: (212) 822-5410;

 

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(b) if to the Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent or the Initial Additional Authorized Representative, to it at:

Wilmington Trust, National Association

1100 North Market Street

Wilmington, Delaware 19890

Attention: Sotera Health Holdings, LLC Administrator

Facsimile: (302) 636-4145;

With a copy to:

Shipman & Goodwin LLP

One Constitution Plaza

Hartford, CT 06103

Attention: Marie C. Pollio

Facsimile: (860) 251-5212

(c) if to any other Additional Authorized Representative, to it at the address set forth in the applicable Joinder Agreement; and

(d) if to Holdings, the Company or any of the Grantors, to the applicable party at

c/o Sotera Health Holdings, LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, OH 44147

Attention: Scott Leffler

With a copy to:

Sotera Health LLC

9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300

Broadview Heights, OH 44147

Attention: Matthew Klaben

Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP

One Liberty Plaza

New York, NY 10006

Attention: Katherine Reaves

Facsimile: (212) 225-3999.

 

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Any party hereto may change its address or telecopy number for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the other parties hereto. Notices and other communications sent by hand or overnight courier service, or mailed by certified or registered mail, shall be deemed to have been given when received; notices and other communications sent by telecopier shall be deemed to have been given when sent (except that, if not given during normal business hours for the recipient, shall be deemed to have been given at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient). Notices and other communications delivered through electronic communications to the extent provided in subsection (b) below shall be effective as provided in such subsection (b).

Section 5.02. Waivers; Amendment; Joinder Agreements.

(a) No failure or delay on the part of any party hereto in exercising any right or power hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the parties hereto are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by Section 5.01(b), and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. No notice or demand on any party hereto in any case shall entitle such party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.

(b) Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be terminated, waived, amended or modified (other than pursuant to any Joinder Agreement) except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by each Authorized Representative and each Collateral Agent (and with respect to any such termination, waiver, amendment or modification which by the terms of this Agreement requires the Company’s consent or which adversely affects the Company or any other Grantor, with the consent of the Company).

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, without the consent of any First Lien Secured Party, any Authorized Representative and Collateral Agent may become a party hereto by execution and delivery of a Joinder Agreement in accordance with Section 5.13 and upon such execution and delivery, such Authorized Representative and Collateral Agent and the Additional First Lien Secured Parties and Additional First Lien Obligations of the Series for which such Authorized Representative and Collateral Agent is acting shall be subject to the terms hereof and the terms of the Additional First Lien Security Documents applicable thereto.

(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, without the consent of any other Authorized Representative or First Lien Secured Party, the Collateral Agents may, at the expense of the Grantors, effect amendments and modifications to this Agreement to the extent necessary to reflect any incurrence of any Additional First Lien Obligations in compliance with the Credit Agreement and the other Secured Credit Documents.

Section 5.03. Parties in Interest. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns, as well as the other First Lien Secured Parties, all of which are intended to be bound by, and to be third party beneficiaries of, this Agreement.

 

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Section 5.04. Survival of Agreement. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by any party in this Agreement shall be considered to have been relied upon by the other parties hereto and shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement.

Section 5.05. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed by one or more of the parties to this Agreement on any number of separate counterparts, and all of said counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed signature page of this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart hereof.

Section 5.06. Severability. Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction. The parties shall endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.

Section 5.07. GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

Section 5.08. Submission to Jurisdiction Waivers; Consent to Service of Process. Each party hereto, on behalf of itself and, as applicable, the First Lien Secured Parties of the Series for which it is acting, irrevocably and unconditionally:

(a) submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding shall be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement or the Secured Credit Documents shall affect any right that any Representative may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to any Secured Credit Document against any Grantor or its respective properties in the courts of any jurisdiction;

(b) waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any court referred to in paragraph (a) of this Section. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court;

(c) agrees that service of process in any such action or proceeding may be effected by mailing a copy thereof by registered or certified mail (or any substantially similar form of mail), postage prepaid, to such Person (or its Authorized Representative) at the address set forth in Section 5.01;

 

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(d) as it relates to any Grantor, such Grantor designates, appoints and empowers the Company as its designee, appointee and agent to receive, accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf, and in respect of its property, service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents that may be served in any such action or proceeding and the Company hereby accepts such designation and appointment; and

(e) waives, to the maximum extent not prohibited by law, any right it may have to claim or recover in any legal action or proceeding referred to in this Section 5.08 any special, exemplary, punitive or consequential damages.

Section 5.09. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO ANY SECURED CREDIT DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 5.09.

Section 5.10. Headings. Article, Section and Annex headings used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and are not to affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.

Section 5.11. Conflicts. In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of any of the First Lien Security Documents or any of the other Secured Credit Documents, the provisions of this Agreement shall control.

Section 5.12. Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights. The provisions of this Agreement are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the First Lien Secured Parties in relation to one another. None of the Company, any other Grantor or any creditor thereof shall have any rights or obligations hereunder, except as expressly provided in this Agreement, and none of the Company or any other Grantor may rely on the terms hereof (other than Sections 2.04, 2.05, 2.09, 5.02(b), 5.03 and 5.12). Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary (other than Sections 2.04, 2.05, 2.09, 5.02(b), 5.03 and 5.12), nothing in this Agreement is intended to or will amend, waive or otherwise modify the provisions of the Credit Agreement, any other First Lien Security Document, or permit the Company or any Grantor to take any action, or fail to take any action, to the extent such action or failure would otherwise constitute a breach of, or default under, the Credit Agreement or any other First Lien Security Document or obligate the Company or any Grantor to take any action, or fail to take any action, that would otherwise constitute a breach of, or default under, the Credit Agreement or any other First Lien Security Document. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to or shall impair the obligations of any Grantor, which are absolute and unconditional, to pay the First Lien Obligations as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms.

 

24


Section 5.13. Additional Senior Debt. To the extent, but only to the extent, permitted by the provisions of the then-existing Credit Agreement and the Additional First Lien Documents, the Company may incur additional indebtedness after the date hereof that is permitted by the Credit Agreement and the Additional First Lien Documents to be incurred and secured on an equal and ratable basis by the Liens securing the First Lien Obligations (such indebtedness referred to as “Additional Senior Class Debt”). Any such Additional Senior Class Debt may be secured by a Lien and may be Guaranteed by the Grantors on a senior basis, in each case under and pursuant to the Additional First Lien Documents, if and subject to the condition that the Authorized Representative of any such Additional Senior Class Debt (each, an “Additional Senior Class Debt Representative”), and the collateral agent, collateral trustee or similar representative for the holders of such Additional Senior Class Debt (each, an “Additional Senior Class Debt Collateral Agent” and, together with the Additional Senior Class Debt Representative, the “Additional Senior Class Debt Parties”), in each case, acting on behalf of the holders of such Additional Senior Class Debt becomes a party to this Agreement by satisfying the conditions set forth in clauses (i) through (iv) of the immediately succeeding paragraph.

In order for an Additional Senior Class Debt Representative and the related Additional Senior Class Debt Collateral Agent to become a party to this Agreement,

(i) such Additional Senior Class Debt Representative and Additional Senior Class Debt Collateral Agent and each Grantor shall have executed and delivered a Joinder Agreement substantially in the form of Annex II (with such changes as may be reasonably approved by the Authorized Representatives and such Additional Senior Class Debt Representative) and provided a copy of such executed Joinder Agreement to each Authorized Representative pursuant to which such Additional Senior Class Debt Representative becomes an “Authorized Representative” hereunder, such Additional Senior Class Debt Collateral Agent becomes a “Collateral Agent” hereunder and the Additional Senior Class Debt in respect of which such Additional Senior Class Debt Representative is the Authorized Representative and the related Additional Senior Class Debt Parties become subject hereto and bound hereby;

(ii) the Company shall have (x) delivered to each Authorized Representative true and complete copies of each of the Additional First Lien Documents relating to such Additional Senior Class Debt, certified as being true and correct by a Responsible Officer of the Company, and (y) identified in a certificate of an authorized officer the obligations to be designated as Additional First Lien Obligations and the initial aggregate principal amount or face amount thereof and stating that such obligations are permitted to be incurred and secured on a pari passu basis with the Liens securing the then-existing First Lien Obligations and by the terms of the then-existing Secured Credit Documents;

 

25


(iii) all filings, recordations or amendments or supplements to the First Lien Security Documents necessary or desirable in the reasonable judgment of such Additional Senior Class Debt Representative to confirm and perfect the Liens securing the relevant obligations relating to such Additional Senior Class Debt shall have been made, executed or delivered (or, with respect to any such filings or recordations, acceptable provisions to perform such filings or recordations shall have been taken in the reasonable judgment of such Additional Senior Class Debt Representative), and all fees and taxes in connection therewith shall have been paid (or acceptable provisions to make such payments shall have been taken in the reasonable judgment of such Additional Senior Class Debt Representative); and

(iv) the Additional First Lien Documents, as applicable, relating to such Additional Senior Class Debt shall provide, in a manner reasonably satisfactory to each Collateral Agent, that each Additional Senior Class Debt Party with respect to such Additional Senior Class Debt will be subject to and bound by the provisions of this Agreement in its capacity as a holder of such Additional Senior Class Debt.

Section 5.14. Agent Capacities. Except as expressly provided herein or in the Credit Agreement Collateral Documents, Jefferies is acting in the capacities of First Lien Administrative Agent and Credit Agreement Collateral Agent solely for the Credit Agreement Secured Parties. Except as expressly provided herein or in the Additional First Lien Security Documents, Wilmington Trust, National Association is acting in the capacity of Initial Additional First Lien Collateral Agent and Initial Additional Authorized Representative solely for the Initial Additional First Lien Secured Parties. Except as expressly set forth herein, each of the First Lien Administrative Agent, the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent, the Additional First Lien Collateral Agent and the Initial Additional Authorized Representative shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities under the applicable Secured Credit Documents and shall not have any duties or obligations in respect of any of the Collateral, all of such duties and obligations, if any, being subject to and governed by the applicable Secured Credit Documents.

Section 5.15. Integration. This Agreement together with the other Secured Credit Documents and the First Lien Security Documents represents the agreement of each of the Grantors and the First Lien Secured Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and there are no promises, undertakings, representations or warranties by any Grantor, the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent or any other First Lien Secured Party relative to the subject matter hereof not expressly set forth or referred to herein or in the other Secured Credit Documents or the First Lien Security Documents.

SECTION 5.16 Additional Grantors. Each of Holdings and the Company agrees that, if any Subsidiary or other Person shall become a Grantor after the date hereof, it will promptly cause such Subsidiary or other Person to become party hereto by executing and delivering an instrument in the form of Annex I. Upon such execution and delivery, such Subsidiary or other Person will become a Grantor hereunder with the same force and effect as if originally named as a Grantor herein. The execution and delivery of such instrument shall not require the consent of any other party hereunder, and will be acknowledged by the Applicable Authorized Representative and the Applicable Collateral Agent. The rights and obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of any new Grantor as a party to this Agreement.

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank.]

 

 

26


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,
as Credit Agreement Collateral Agent
By:  

/s/ Paul Chisholm

Name:   Paul Chisholm
Title:   Managing Director
JEFFERIES FINANCE LLC,
as Authorized Representative for the Credit Agreement Secured Parties
By:  

/s/ Paul Chisholm

Name:   Paul Chisholm
Title:   Managing Director

 

[Signature Page to the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
solely in its capacity as Initial Additional First Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:  

/s/ W. Thomas Morris II

Name:   W. Thomas Morris II
Title:   Vice President
WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
solely in its capacity as Initial Additional Authorized Representative
By:  

/s/ W. Thomas Morris II

Name:   W. Thomas Morris II
Title:   Vice President

 

[Signature Page to the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement]


SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,
as Holdings
By:  

/s/ Scott. J. Leffler

Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,
as the Company
By:  

/s/ Scott. J. Leffler

Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC
SOTERA HEALTH LLC
STERIGENICS U.S., LLC

SOTERA HEALTH SERVICES, LLC,

 

each as a Guarantor

By:  

/s/ Scott. J. Leffler

Name:   Scott J. Leffler
Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

[Signature Page to the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement]


STERIGENICS RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES HOLDINGS, LLC,
as a Guarantor
By:  

/s/ Matthew D. Shimkus

Name:   Matthew D. Shimkus
Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

 

[Signature Page to the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement]


STERIGENICS RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES, LLC,
as a Guarantor
By:  

/s/ Matthew D. Shimkus

Name:   Matthew D. Shimkus
Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

 

[Signature Page to the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement]


NELSON LABORATORIES

HOLDINGS, LLC, as a Guarantor

By:  

/s/ Bruce T. Krarup

Name:   Bruce T. Krarup
Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

 

[Signature Page to the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement]


NELSON LABORATORIES FAIRFIELD HOLDINGS, LLC,
as a Guarantor
By:  

/s/ Bruce T. Krarup

Name:   Bruce T. Krarup
Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

 

[Signature Page to the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement]


IOTRON INDUSTRIES USA INC.,
as a Guarantor
By:  

/s/ Matthew D. Shikmus

Name:   Matthew D. Shikmus
Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

 

[Signature Page to the Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement]

EX-10.26

Exhibit 10.26

 

 

FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGREEMENT

dated as of

July 31, 2020,

among

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,

as Holdings,

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,

as Issuer,

THE OTHER GRANTORS PARTY HERETO,

and

WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

 

SECTION 1.01.

  Defined Terms      1  

SECTION 1.02.

  Other Defined Terms      1  
ARTICLE II

 

PLEDGE OF SECURITIES

 

SECTION 2.01.

  Pledge      4  

SECTION 2.02.

  Delivery of the Pledged Collateral      5  

SECTION 2.03.

  Representations, Warranties and Covenants      6  

SECTION 2.04.

  Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations      7  

SECTION 2.05.

  Voting Rights; Dividends and Interest      8  

SECTION 2.06.

  Article 8 Opt-In      10  
ARTICLE III

 

SECURITY INTERESTS IN PERSONAL PROPERTY

 

SECTION 3.01.

  Security Interest      10  

SECTION 3.02.

  Representations and Warranties      12  

SECTION 3.03.

  Covenants      14  

SECTION 3.04.

  Other Actions      16  

SECTION 3.05.

  Covenants Regarding Patent, Trademark and Copyright Collateral      16  
ARTICLE IV

 

REMEDIES

 

SECTION 4.01.

  Remedies upon Default      17  

SECTION 4.02.

  Securities Act      19  

SECTION 4.03.

  Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property      20  
ARTICLE V

 

MISCELLANEOUS

 

SECTION 5.01.

  Notices      20  

SECTION 5.02.

  Waivers; Amendment      21  

SECTION 5.03.

  First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification      21  

SECTION 5.04.

  Successors and Assigns      22  

SECTION 5.05.

  Survival of Agreement      22  

 

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SECTION 5.06.

  Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement      23  

SECTION 5.07.

  Severability      23  

SECTION 5.08.

  Right of Set-off      23  

SECTION 5.09.

  Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Appointment of Service of Process Agent      24  

SECTION 5.10.

  WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      24  

SECTION 5.11.

  Headings      25  

SECTION 5.12.

  Security Interest Absolute      25  

SECTION 5.13.

  Termination or Release      25  

SECTION 5.14.

  Additional Subsidiaries      25  

SECTION 5.15.

  Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact      26  

 

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Schedules

 

Schedule I

  

Grantors

Schedule II

  

Pledged Equity Interests; Pledged Debt Securities

Schedule III

  

Intellectual Property

Schedule IV

  

Commercial Tort Claims

Exhibits

 

Exhibit I

  

Form of Grantor Supplement

Exhibit II

  

Form of Copyright Security Agreement

Exhibit III

  

Form of Patent Security Agreement

Exhibit IV

  

Form of Trademark Security Agreement

 

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FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGREEMENT dated as of July 31, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”) among SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited company (the “Issuer”), the other GRANTORS from time to time party hereto, SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), and WILIMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association (“Wilmington Trust”), solely in its capacity as “First Lien Notes Collateral Agent” under the Indenture (in such capacity, the “First Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to the Indenture dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among Holdings, the Issuer, the Guarantors named therein and Wilmington Trust, as Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, pursuant to which the Issuer has agreed to issue the Senior Secured First Lien Floating Rate Notes due 2026 (the “Notes”).

WHEREAS, each Grantor will derive substantial direct and indirect benefit from the issuance of the Notes by the Issuer pursuant to the Indenture.

WHEREAS, in order to secure the payment of all principal of and interest and premium, if any, on the Notes, and the payment and performance of all other Notes Obligations under the Notes Documents and all of the Grantors’ obligations and liabilities hereunder and in connection herewith, each Grantor is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

Definitions

SECTION 1.01. Defined Terms. (a) Each capitalized term used but not defined herein shall have the meaning assigned thereto in the Indenture; provided that each term defined in the New York UCC (as defined herein) and not defined in this Agreement or the Indenture shall have the meaning specified in the New York UCC. The term “instrument” shall have the meaning specified in Article 9 of the New York UCC.

(b) The rules of construction specified in Sections 1.03 and 1.04 of the Indenture also apply to this Agreement, mutatis mutandis.

SECTION 1.02. Other Defined Terms. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

Account Debtor” means any Person that is or may become obligated to any Grantor under, with respect to or on account of an Account, Chattel Paper or General Intangible.

Agreement” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.


Agreement States” means those states that have entered into Agreements for Co-operation with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (the “NRC”) pursuant to Section 274b of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2011 et seq. (the “AEA”). The authority that each Agreement State has been delegated under AEA Section 274b is its Agreement State Authority (“Agreement State Authority”).

Applicable Nuclear Laws” means the AEA , and any related rules, regulations or administrative decisions of the NRC, including authority exercised by the Agreement States, pursuant to Agreement State Authority, in each case, to the extent concerning (i) the transfer of direct or indirect ownership or control of a licensee subject to such laws; or (ii) the ability to exercise direct or indirect control of a licensed activity under such laws, as applicable.

Article 9 Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01.

Collateral” means Article 9 Collateral and Pledged Collateral.

Copyright Security Agreement” means the short-form Copyright Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit II hereto.

Copyright License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any use right under any Copyright now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that such other Person otherwise has the right to license, and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

Copyrights” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: (a) all copyrights in any work subject to the copyright laws of the United States, whether as author, assignee, transferee or otherwise and (b) all registrations and applications for registration of any such copyrights in the United States, including registrations, supplemental registrations and pending applications for registration in the United States Copyright Office, including, in the case of any Grantor, those set forth next to its name on Schedule III hereto.

Federal Securities Laws” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.02.

First Lien Notes Collateral Agent” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

Grantor Supplement” means an instrument in the form of Exhibit I hereto, or any other form reasonably satisfactory to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party).

Grantors” means (a) the Issuer, (b) Holdings, (c) each Subsidiary of the Issuer identified on Schedule I hereto and (d) each Intermediate Parent or other Subsidiary of Holdings that becomes a party to this Agreement as a Grantor on or after the date hereof.

Holdings” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

Indemnitee” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.03(b).

Indenture” has the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals to this Agreement.

 

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Intellectual Property” means, with respect to any Person, all intellectual property rights of every kind and nature, whether now or hereafter owned or licensed by any such Person, including such rights in inventions, Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks and Licenses, rights in trade secrets and know-how, rights in domain names, rights in confidential or proprietary technical, business or other information, and rights in software and databases.

Issuer” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

License” means any Patent License, Trademark License or Copyright License.

New York UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the State of New York.

Notes” has the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals to this Agreement.

Organizational Documents” means, with respect to any Person, the charter, articles or certificate of organization or incorporation and bylaws or other organizational or governing documents of such Person.

Patent License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any right to manufacture, use or sell any invention claimed in a Patent, now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that any other Person now or hereafter otherwise has the right to license, and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

Patent Security Agreement” means the short-form Patent Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit III hereto.

Patents” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: all letters patent of the United States and all registrations therefor and all applications for letters patent of the United States, including registrations and pending applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including those listed on Schedule III hereto.

Pledged Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01(e).

Pledged Debt Securities” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01(b).

Pledged Equity Interests” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.01.

Pledged Securities” means any promissory notes, stock certificates, unit certificates, limited or unlimited liability membership certificates or other securities (to the extent certificated) now or hereafter included in the Pledged Collateral, including all certificates, instruments or other documents representing or evidencing any Pledged Collateral.

Security Interest” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01(a).

 

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Trademark License” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any Person any right to use any Trademark now or hereafter owned by any other Person or that any other Person otherwise has the right to license and all rights of any such Person under any such agreement.

Trademark Security Agreement” means the short-form Trademark Security Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit IV hereto.

Trademarks” means, with respect to any Person, all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by such Person: (a) all trademarks, service marks, trade names, corporate names, company names, trade dress, logos and other similar source identifiers, in each case subject to the trademark laws of the United States now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired, all registrations therefor, and all registrations and applications filed in connection therewith in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including, in the case of any Grantor, any of the foregoing set forth next to its name on Schedule III hereto and, (b) all goodwill associated with the use of and symbolized by the items in category (a) of this definition.

UCC” shall mean the New York UCC; provided, however, that, at any time, if by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the perfection or priority of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s and the Secured Parties’ security interest in any item or portion of the Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a jurisdiction other than the State of New York, the term “UCC” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect, at such time, in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection or priority and for purposes of definitions relating to such provisions.

ARTICLE II

Pledge of Securities

SECTION 2.01. Pledge. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, each Grantor hereby collaterally assigns and pledges to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and hereby grants to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest in, all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under:

(a) (i) the Equity Interests owned by such Grantor on the date hereof, including those listed opposite the name of such Grantor on Schedule II hereto, (ii) any other Equity Interests obtained in the future by such Grantor and (iii) the certificates or other instruments representing all such Equity Interests (if any) (collectively, the “Pledged Equity Interests”); provided that the Pledged Equity Interests shall not include any Excluded Equity Interests;

(b) (i) the debt securities owned by such Grantor on the date hereof, including those listed opposite the name of such Grantor on Schedule II hereto, (ii) any debt securities in the future issued to or otherwise acquired by such Grantor and (iii) the promissory notes and any other instruments evidencing all such debt securities (collectively, the “Pledged Debt Securities”); provided that, such Pledged Debt Securities shall not include any Pledged Debt Securities constituting Excluded Assets;

 

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(c) subject to Section 2.05, all payments of principal or interest, dividends, cash, instruments and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of, in exchange for or upon the conversion of, and all other Proceeds received in respect of, the securities referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above;

(d) subject to Section 2.05, all rights and privileges of such Grantor with respect to the securities and other property referred to in clauses (a), (b) and (c) above; and

(e) all Proceeds of any of the foregoing to the extent such Proceeds would constitute property referred to in clauses (a) through (d) above (the items referred to in clauses (a) through (e) above being collectively referred to as the “Pledged Collateral”).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the pledge under this Section 2.01 attach to any Excluded Asset.

SECTION 2.02. Delivery of the Pledged Collateral. (a) Each Grantor agrees to deliver or cause to be delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (i) on the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement, any Pledged Securities owned by such Grantor on such date, and (ii) promptly (and in any event within 45 days after receipt by such Grantor or such longer period agreed to in writing by (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party and (y) on or after the Disposition Date, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in each such case, subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, in the applicable Person’s reasonable discretion) after the acquisition thereof, any such Pledged Securities acquired by such Grantor after the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement.

(b) Except as otherwise addressed in Section 3.03(b) herein, as promptly as practicable (and in any event within 45 days (or such longer period agreed to in writing by (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party and (y) on or after the Disposition Date, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in each such case, subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, in the applicable Person’s reasonable discretion) after the later of (x) receipt thereof by such Grantor or (y) the date such Grantor becomes party to this Agreement (whether on the date hereof or pursuant to Section 5.14)), each Grantor will cause any Indebtedness for borrowed money (including in respect of cash management arrangements) that is owed to such Grantor by any Person in a principal amount of $20,000,000 or more individually to be evidenced by a duly executed promissory note that is pledged and delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the terms hereof.

(c) Upon delivery to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, (i) Pledged Securities shall be accompanied by undated stock or note powers, as applicable, duly executed in blank or other undated instruments of transfer duly executed in blank and by such other instruments and documents as may be necessary to perfect the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interest in the Pledged Securities or as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party) may reasonably request in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture and (ii) all other property comprising part of the Pledged Collateral shall be

 

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accompanied by undated proper instruments of assignment duly executed in blank by the applicable Grantor and such other instruments and documents as may be necessary to perfect the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interest in the Pledged Securities or as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party) may reasonably request in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture. Each delivery of Pledged Securities shall be accompanied by a schedule describing such Pledged Securities, which schedule shall be deemed attached to, and shall supplement, Schedule II hereto and be made a part hereof; provided that failure to provide any such schedule hereto shall not affect the validity of such pledge of such Pledged Securities. Each schedule so delivered shall supplement any prior schedules so delivered.

SECTION 2.03. Representations, Warranties and Covenants. The Grantors jointly and severally represent, warrant and covenant to and with the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, that:

(a) as of the date hereof, Schedule II hereto sets forth a true and complete list, with respect to each Grantor, of (i) all the Pledged Equity Interests owned by such Grantor in the Issuer, any Intermediate Parent or any other Subsidiary and the percentage of the issued and outstanding units of each class of the Equity Interests of the issuer thereof represented by the Pledged Equity Interests owned by such Grantor and (ii) all the Pledged Debt Securities owned by such Grantor;

(b) the Pledged Equity Interests and the Pledged Debt Securities have been duly and validly authorized and issued by the issuers thereof and (i) in the case of Pledged Equity Interests, are fully paid and nonassessable and (ii) in the case of Pledged Debt Securities, are legal, valid and binding obligations of the issuers thereof, except to the extent that enforceability of such obligations may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, and other similar laws affecting creditor’s rights generally; provided that the foregoing representations, insofar as they relate to the Pledged Collateral issued by a Person other than Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary, are made to the knowledge of the Grantors;

(c) except for the security interests granted hereunder and under any other Notes Documents, each of the Grantors (i) is and, subject to any transfers made in compliance with the Indenture, will continue to be the direct owner, beneficially and of record, of the Pledged Securities indicated on Schedule II hereto as owned by such Grantor, (ii) holds the same free and clear of all Liens, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the Indenture and transfers made in compliance with the Indenture, (iii) will make no further assignment, pledge, hypothecation or transfer of, or create or permit to exist any security interest in or other Lien on, the Pledged Collateral, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture and transfers made in compliance with the Indenture, and (iv) will use commercially reasonable efforts to defend its title or interest thereto or therein against any and all Liens (other than the Liens created by this Agreement and the other Notes Documents and Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture), however arising, of all Persons whomsoever;

(d) except for restrictions and limitations imposed or permitted by the Notes Documents, Applicable Nuclear Laws or securities laws generally, the Pledged Equity Interests and, to the extent issued by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary, the Pledged Debt Securities are and will continue to be freely transferable and assignable, and none of

 

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the Pledged Equity Interests and, to the extent issued by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary, none of the Pledged Debt Securities are or will be subject to any option, right of first refusal, shareholders agreement or Organizational Document provisions of any nature that might prohibit, impair, delay or otherwise affect in any manner adverse to the Secured Parties in any material respect the pledge of such Pledged Collateral hereunder, the sale or disposition thereof pursuant hereto or the exercise by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent of rights and remedies hereunder;

(e) each of the Grantors has the power and authority to pledge the Pledged Collateral pledged by it hereunder in the manner hereby done or contemplated;

(f) by virtue of the execution and delivery by the Grantors of this Agreement, when any Pledged Securities are delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in accordance with this Agreement, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent will obtain a legal, valid and perfected lien upon and security interest in such Pledged Securities, free of any adverse claims, under the New York UCC to the extent such lien and security interest may be created and perfected under the New York UCC, as security for the payment and performance of the Notes Obligations; and

(g) subject to the terms of this Agreement and to the extent permitted by applicable law, each Grantor hereby agrees that upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, it will comply with the instructions of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Equity Interests in such Grantor that constitute Pledged Equity hereunder that are not certificated without further consent by the applicable owner or holder of such Equity Interests.

SECTION 2.04. Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing of its intent to exercise such rights, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, shall have the right (but not the obligation) (in its sole and absolute discretion) to hold the Pledged Securities in the name of the applicable Grantor, endorsed or assigned in blank or in favor of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or in its own name as pledgee or in the name of its nominee (as pledgee or as sub-agent), and each Grantor will promptly give to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent copies of any notices or other communications received by it with respect to Pledged Securities registered in the name of such Grantor. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall at all times have the right to exchange the certificates representing Pledged Securities for certificates of smaller or larger denominations for any reasonable purpose consistent with this Agreement.

 

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SECTION 2.05. Voting Rights; Dividends and Interest. (a) Unless and until an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing that their rights under this Section 2.05 are being suspended:

(i) each Grantor shall be entitled to exercise any and all voting and/or other consensual rights and powers inuring to an owner of Pledged Securities or any part thereof for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement, the Indenture and the other Notes Documents; provided that such rights and powers shall not be exercised in any manner that could materially and adversely affect the rights inuring to a holder of any Pledged Securities or the rights and remedies of any of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Trustee or the other Secured Parties under this Agreement or any other Notes Document or the ability of the Secured Parties to exercise the same, unless such exercise of rights and powers is in connection with an action permitted under the Indenture;

(ii) the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall promptly execute and deliver to each Grantor, or cause to be promptly executed and delivered to such Grantor, at such Grantor’s expense, all such proxies, powers of attorney and other instruments as such Grantor may reasonably request for the purpose of enabling such Grantor to exercise the voting and/or consensual rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05; and

(iii) each Grantor shall be entitled to receive and retain any and all dividends, interest, principal, premium and other distributions paid on or distributed in respect of the Pledged Securities to the extent and only to the extent that such dividends, interest, principal, premium and other distributions are permitted by, and are otherwise paid or distributed in accordance with, the terms and conditions of the Indenture, the other Notes Documents and applicable laws; provided that any noncash dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that would constitute Pledged Equity Interests or Pledged Debt Securities, whether resulting from a subdivision, combination or reclassification of the outstanding Equity Interests in the issuer of any Pledged Securities or received in exchange for Pledged Securities or any part thereof, or in redemption thereof, or as a result of any merger, consolidation, acquisition or other exchange of assets to which such issuer may be a party or otherwise, shall be and become part of the Pledged Collateral and, if received by any Grantor, shall be held in trust for the benefit of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Trustee and the other Secured Parties and shall be forthwith delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsements, stock or note powers and other instruments of transfer reasonably requested by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent). So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall promptly deliver to each Grantor, at such Grantor’s expense, any Pledged Securities in its possession if requested in writing to be delivered to the issuer thereof in connection with any sale, transfer, disposition, exchange or redemption of such Pledged Securities permitted by the Indenture in accordance with this Section 2.05(a)(iii), subject to receipt by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent of an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer with respect thereto and other documents reasonably requested by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party).

(b) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05, all rights of any Grantor to dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that such Grantor is authorized to receive pursuant to paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05 shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to receive and retain such dividends, interest, principal, premium or other

 

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distributions; provided that, if and to the extent directed by the Trustee or the Controlling Party in accordance with the Indenture, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit the Grantors to exercise such rights. All dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions received by any Grantor upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default contrary to the provisions of this Section 2.05 shall be held for the benefit of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and shall be segregated from other property or funds of such Grantor and shall be forthwith delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent upon demand in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsements, stock or note powers and other instruments of transfer reasonably requested by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent). Any and all money and other property paid over to or received by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph (b) shall be retained by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in an account to be established by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent upon receipt of such money or other property and shall be distributed to the Trustee for further application in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.13 of the Indenture. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived and the Issuer has delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer to that effect (and after payment of any amounts due to the Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the Indenture), the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall promptly repay to each Grantor (without interest) all dividends, interest, principal, premium or other distributions that such Grantor would otherwise be permitted to retain pursuant to the terms of paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.05 to the extent that any funds remain in such account.

(c) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05, all rights of any Grantor to exercise the voting and consensual rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05, and the obligations of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under paragraph (a)(ii) of this Section 2.05, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right (but not the obligation) and authority to exercise such voting and consensual rights and powers; provided that, unless otherwise directed by the Trustee or the Controlling Party in accordance with the Indenture, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time following and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit the Grantors to exercise such rights. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived and the Issuer has delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer to that effect, all rights vested in the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this paragraph (c) shall cease, and the Grantors shall have the exclusive right to exercise the voting and consensual rights and powers they would otherwise be entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) of this Section 2.05.

(d) Any notice given by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to the Grantors, as applicable, suspending their rights under paragraph (a) of this Section 2.05 (i) may be given by telephone if promptly confirmed in writing, (ii) may be given with respect to one or more of the Grantors at the same or different times and (iii) may suspend the rights of the Grantors under paragraph (a)(i) or paragraph (a)(iii) in part without suspending all such rights (as specified by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent as directed by the Trustee or the Controlling Party) and without waiving or otherwise affecting the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s rights to give additional notices from time to time suspending other rights; provided that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall only give any such notice if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

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SECTION 2.06. Article 8 Opt-In• . No Grantor shall take any action to cause any membership interest, partnership interest, or other equity interest of any limited liability company or limited partnership owned or controlled by any Grantor comprising Collateral to be or become a “security” within the meaning of, or to be governed by Article 8 of the UCC as in effect under the laws of any state having jurisdiction and shall not cause or permit any such limited liability company or limited partnership to “opt in” or to take any other action seeking to establish any membership interest, partnership interest or other equity interest of such limited liability company or limited partnership comprising the Collateral as a “security” or to become certificated, in each case, without delivering all certificates evidencing such interest to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in accordance with and as required by Section 2.02.

ARTICLE III

Security Interests in Personal Property

SECTION 3.01. Security Interest. (a) As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, each Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under any and all of the following assets now owned or at any time hereafter acquired by such Grantor or in which such Grantor now has or at any time in the future may acquire any right, title or interest, regardless of where located (collectively, the “Article 9 Collateral”):

(i) all Accounts;

(ii) all Chattel Paper;

(iii) all Deposit Accounts;

(iv) all Documents;

(v) all Equipment;

(vi) all General Intangibles, including all Intellectual Property;

(vii) all Instruments;

(viii) all Inventory;

(ix) all other Goods;

(x) all Investment Property;

(xi) all Letter-of-Credit Rights;

 

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(xii) all Commercial Tort Claims specifically described on Schedule IV hereto, as such schedule may be supplemented from time to time pursuant to Section 3.04(c);

(xiii) all books and records pertaining to the Article 9 Collateral; and

(xiv) to the extent not otherwise included, all Proceeds and products of any and all of the foregoing and all Supporting Obligations, collateral security and guarantees given by any Person with respect to any of the foregoing;

provided that in no event shall the Security Interest attach to (A) any Excluded Asset (including any Excluded Equity Interest), or (B) any asset owned by any Grantor that the Issuer and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or, prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party, in each case subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture shall have agreed in writing to exclude from being Article 9 Collateral on account of the cost of creating a security interest in such asset hereunder being excessive in view of the benefits to be obtained by the Secured Parties therefrom. It is understood that, to the extent the Security Interest shall not have attached to any such asset as a result of clauses (A) or (B) above, the term “Article 9 Collateral” shall not include any such asset; provided, however, that Article 9 Collateral shall include any Proceeds, substitutions or replacements of any of the foregoing (unless such Proceeds, substitutions or replacements would constitute property referred to in clauses (A) or (B)).

(b) Each Grantor hereby agrees to prepare and file or cause the filing of (at its own expense), and irrevocably authorizes the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties at any time and from time to time to file (at such Grantor’s expense), in any relevant U.S. jurisdiction any financing statements, with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof, amendments thereto and continuation statements, as may be necessary in order to perfect or maintain the perfection of the First Lien Collateral Agent’s security interest in the Collateral owned by such Grantor that (i) describe the collateral covered thereby in any manner as may be necessary or advisable to ensure the perfection of the security interest in the Collateral granted under this Agreement or as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may reasonably request, including indicating the Collateral as “all assets” of such Grantor or words of similar effect, and (ii) contain the information required by Article 9 of the UCC for the filing of any financing statement, amendment or continuation statement, including whether such Grantor is an organization, the type of organization and, if required, any organizational identification number issued to such Grantor. Each Grantor agrees to provide such information to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent promptly upon request. Each Grantor agrees to deliver a file-stamped copy of each such financing statement, amendment or continuation statement to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

Each Grantor agrees to prepare and file or cause the filing of (at its own expense) and further authorizes the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to file (at such Grantor’s expense), the Copyright Security Agreement, Patent Security Agreement and Trademark Security Agreement with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office in the United States, but not any office in any other country), as applicable, and any such additional documents pursuant to Section 3.05(b) as may be reasonably necessary or advisable for the purpose of perfecting, confirming, continuing, enforcing or protecting the Security Interest in Article 9 Collateral consisting of Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights registered or

 

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applied-for in the United States, granted by each Grantor and naming any Grantor or the Grantors as debtors and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent as Secured Party. Each Grantor agrees to deliver a file-stamped copy of each such agreement, instrument or other evidence of filing to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

(c) The Security Interest and the security interest granted pursuant to Article II are granted as security only and shall not subject the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to, or in any way alter or modify, any obligation or liability of any Grantor with respect to or arising out of the Collateral. Notwithstanding the grant of authority to the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent to make the filings contemplated by this Section 3.01, in no event shall the Second Lien Notes Collateral Agent (or the Trustee) be obligated to prepare or file any initial financing statement, amendment thereto, continuation statement or any other instrument, agreement or document with the relevant U.S. jurisdiction, United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office), as applicable, to perfect or maintain the perfection of the security interest granted hereunder.

SECTION 3.02. Representations and Warranties. The Grantors jointly and severally represent and warrant to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, that:

(a) each Grantor has good title or valid leasehold interests in the Article 9 Collateral (except for Intellectual Property) with respect to which it has purported to grant a Security Interest hereunder free and clear of any Liens, (i) except for Liens expressly permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture and (ii) except for minor defects in title that do not interfere with its ability to conduct its business as currently conducted or as proposed to be conducted or to utilize such properties for their intended purposes, in each case to the extent the failure to have such good title or valid leasehold interest could not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and has full power and authority to grant to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, the Security Interest in such Article 9 Collateral pursuant hereto and to execute, deliver and perform its obligations in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, without the consent or approval of any other Person other than any consent or approval that has been obtained and except to the extent that failure to obtain or make such consent or approval, as the case may be, individually or in aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

(b) the Perfection Certificate has been duly prepared, completed and executed and the information set forth therein, including the exact legal name and jurisdiction of organization of each Grantor, is correct and complete in all material respects as of the Issue Date. The UCC financing statements or other appropriate filings, recordings or registrations are in proper form for filing and will be filed in each governmental, municipal or other office specified in Schedule 6 to the Perfection Certificate (or specified by notice from the Issuer to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent after the Issue Date in the case of filings, recordings or registrations required by Section 4.05 or Section 4.14 of the Indenture), are all the filings, recordings and registrations (other than filings, recordings and registrations, if any, required to be made in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office in order to perfect the Security Interest in Article 9 Collateral consisting of United States Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights) that are necessary to establish a legal, valid and perfected security interest in favor of

 

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the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in respect of all Article 9 Collateral in which the Security Interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registration in the United States, and as of the date hereof, no further or subsequent filing, refiling, recording, rerecording, registration or reregistration is necessary, except as provided under applicable law with respect to the filing of continuation statements (other than such actions as are necessary to perfect the Security Interest with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights filed, acquired or developed by a Grantor after the date hereof). The Grantors represent and warrant that, if applicable, a fully executed Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement and Copyright Security Agreement, in each case containing a list of the Article 9 Collateral consisting of United States registered Patents, United States registered Trademarks and United States registered Copyrights (and applications for any of the foregoing), as applicable, and executed by each Grantor owning any such Article 9 Collateral, will be delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and have been or will substantially concurrently with the execution of this Agreement be recorded with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, to establish a legal, valid and perfected security interest in favor of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in respect of all Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered and applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights in which a security interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registration in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, and no further or subsequent filing, refiling, recording, rerecording, registration or reregistration is necessary (other than (i) the UCC financing and continuation statements contemplated in this Section 3.02(b), and (ii) such filings and actions as are necessary to perfect the Security Interest with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights acquired or developed by any Grantor after the date hereof);

(c) the Security Interest constitutes (i) a legal and valid security interest in all the Article 9 Collateral securing the payment and performance of the Notes Obligations, and (ii) subject to the filings described in paragraph (b) of this Section 3.02 (including payment of applicable fees in connection therewith), a perfected security interest in all Article 9 Collateral in which a security interest may be perfected by filing, recording or registering a financing statement or analogous document in the applicable jurisdiction in the United States pursuant to the UCC, and (iii) subject to the filings described in paragraph (b) of this Section 3.02, a perfected security interest in all Article 9 Collateral in which a security interest may be perfected upon the receipt and recording of a Patent Security Agreement, a Trademark Security Agreement or a Copyright Security Agreement with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, as applicable. The Security Interest is and shall be prior to any other Lien on any of the Article 9 Collateral, other than Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture;

(d) as of the Issue Date, Schedule III hereto sets forth a true and complete list, with respect to each Grantor, of (i) all of such Grantor’s Patents and Trademarks applied for or issued or registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including the name of the registered owner or applicant and the registration, application, or publication number, as applicable, of each such Patent or Trademark and (ii) all of such Grantor’s Copyrights applied for or registered with the United States Copyright Office, including the name of the registered owner and the registration number of each such Copyright; and

 

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(e) none of the Grantors has filed or consented to (i) the filing of any financing statement or analogous document, in each case with respect to a Lien, under the UCC or any other applicable laws covering any Article 9 Collateral, or (ii) any assignment in which any Grantor assigns any Article 9 Collateral or any security agreement or similar instrument covering any Article 9 Collateral with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office, except, in each case, for Liens expressly permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture.

SECTION 3.03. Covenants. (a) Each Grantor shall, at its own expense, take any and all commercially reasonable actions necessary to (i) defend title to the Article 9 Collateral (other than Intellectual Property, which is governed by Section 3.05) against all Persons, except with respect to Article 9 Collateral that such Grantor determines in its reasonable business judgment is no longer necessary or beneficial to the conduct of such Grantor’s business, and (ii) defend the Security Interest of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in the Article 9 Collateral and the priority thereof against any Lien, in each case subject to (w) the terms of any applicable intercreditor agreement contemplated by the Indenture, (x) Liens permitted pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture, (y) transfers made in compliance with the Indenture and (z) the rights of such Grantor under Sections 12.03 and 12.08 of the Indenture and corresponding provisions of the Security Documents to obtain a release of the Liens created under the Security Documents.

(b) Each Grantor agrees, at its own expense, to execute, acknowledge, deliver and cause to be duly filed all such further instruments and documents and take all such actions as may be necessary or as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request to obtain, preserve, protect, perfect and maintain the perfection of the Security Interest and the rights and remedies created hereby, including the payment of any reasonable and documented or invoiced out-of-pocket fees and Taxes required in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the granting of the Security Interest and the filing of any financing statements and any amendments thereto or other documents in connection herewith or therewith; provided, however, that with respect to Intellectual Property, Grantors shall have no obligation, subject to Section 3.05(a) hereunder, to file any document or undertake any actions outside the United States or pursuant to any laws other than the laws of the United States. If any amount payable to any Grantor under or in connection with any of the Article 9 Collateral shall be or become evidenced by any promissory note (which may be a global note) or other instrument (other than any promissory note or other instrument in an aggregate principal amount of less than $20,000,000 owed to the applicable Grantor by any Person), such note or instrument shall be promptly delivered (but in any event within 45 days of receipt by such Grantor or, subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, such longer period as (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party and (y) on or after the Disposition Date, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may, in each such case, agree in such Person’s reasonable discretion) to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, together with an undated instrument of transfer duly executed in blank sufficient to perfect the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interest in such promissory note.

(c) At its option, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), with three (3) Business Days’ prior written notice to the Issuer, discharge past due taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances at any time levied or placed on the Article 9 Collateral and not permitted pursuant to Section 6.02 of the Indenture,

 

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and may (but shall not be obligated to) pay for the maintenance and preservation of the Article 9 Collateral to the extent any Grantor fails to do so as required by the Indenture, this Agreement or any other Notes Document and within a reasonable period of time after the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent has requested that it do so, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to reimburse the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, within 10 days after demand, for any reasonable payment made or expense incurred by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the foregoing authorization in accordance with Section 5.03(a); provided that nothing in this paragraph shall be interpreted as excusing any Grantor from the performance of, or imposing any obligation on the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Secured Party to cure or perform, any covenants or other promises of any Grantor with respect to taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances and maintenance as set forth herein or in the other Notes Documents.

(d) Each Grantor shall remain liable, as between such Grantor and the relevant counterparty under each contract, agreement or instrument relating to the Article 9 Collateral, to observe and perform all the conditions and obligations to be observed and performed by it under such contract, agreement or instrument, all in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties from and against any and all losses, liability and expense for such performance.

(e) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, it is understood that no Grantor shall be required by this Agreement to better assure, preserve, protect or perfect the Security Interest created hereunder by any means other than (i) filings (including financing statements, amendments thereto and continuation statements) pursuant to the UCC in the office of the Secretary of State (or similar central filing office) of the relevant states or other jurisdictions, (ii) filings with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office), in respect of registered or applied-for Patents, Trademarks or Copyrights, (iii) in the case of Collateral that constitutes Pledged Securities, Instruments, certificated securities (in each case not credited to a Securities Account), Tangible Chattel Paper or Negotiable Documents (other than those Instruments or Negotiable Documents held in the ordinary course of business), delivery thereof to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in accordance with the terms hereof (together with, where applicable, undated stock or note powers or other undated proper instruments of assignment) and (iv) other actions to the extent required by Section 3.03(b) (solely with respect to the second sentence thereof) or Section 3.04 hereunder. No Grantor shall be required to (i) complete any filings or other action with respect to the better assurance, preservation, protection or perfection of the security interests created hereby in any jurisdiction outside of the United States or enter into any security document governed by the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States, or to reimburse the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for any costs incurred in connection with the same or (ii) deliver control agreements with respect to, or confer perfection by “control” over, any Deposit Accounts, Securities Accounts or Commodity Accounts.

(f) In the event that any Grantor at any time or times shall fail to obtain or maintain any of the policies of insurance required under Section 4.09 of the Indenture or to pay any premium in whole or part relating thereto, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), without waiving or releasing any obligation or liability of the Grantors hereunder or any Default or Event of Default, in its sole discretion, obtain and maintain such

 

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policies of insurance and pay such premium and take any other actions with respect thereto as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent reasonably deems advisable. All sums incurred or disbursed by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in connection with this paragraph, including reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees, court costs, expenses and other charges relating thereto, shall be payable, within 10 days of demand, by the Grantors to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and shall be additional Notes Obligations secured hereby.

SECTION 3.04. Other Actions. In order to further insure the attachment, perfection and priority of, and the ability of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to enforce, the Security Interest, each Grantor agrees, in each case at such Grantor’s own expense, to take the following actions with respect to the following Article 9 Collateral:

(a) Instruments. If any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any Instruments (other than Instruments with a face amount of less than $20,000,000 individually and other than checks to be deposited in the ordinary course of business), such Grantor shall promptly (but in any event within 45 days of receipt by such Grantor or, subject to and in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, such longer period as (x) prior to the Disposition Date, the Controlling Party and (y) on or after the Disposition Date, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, may in each such case, agree in such Person’s reasonable discretion) endorse, assign and deliver the same to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, accompanied by such undated instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as may be necessary to perfect the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interests therein.

(b) Investment Property. Except to the extent otherwise provided in Article II, if any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any certificated securities (other than certificated securities with a value of less than $20,000,000 individually), such Grantor shall forthwith endorse, assign and deliver the same to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, accompanied by such undated instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as may be necessary to perfect the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s interests therein.

(c) Commercial Tort Claims. If any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire a Commercial Tort Claim (in respect of which a complaint or counterclaim has been filed by or on behalf of such Grantor) seeking damages in an amount reasonably estimated to exceed $20,000,000, such Grantor shall promptly notify the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent thereof in a writing signed by such Grantor, including a summary description of such claim, and Schedule IV hereto shall be deemed to be supplemented to include such description of such Commercial Tort Claim as set forth in such writing.

SECTION 3.05. Covenants Regarding Patent, Trademark and Copyright Collateral. (a) Except to the extent a failure to act under this Section 3.05(a) could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect of the type referred to in clause (a) or (b) of the definition of such term in the Indenture, with respect to the registration or pending application of each item of its Intellectual Property for which such Grantor has standing and ability to do so, each Grantor agrees to take commercially reasonable steps to (i) maintain the validity and enforceability of any United States registered Intellectual Property (or applications therefor) that is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business and to maintain such registrations and applications of such Intellectual Property in full force and effect and (ii) pursue the registration and maintenance of

 

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each patent, trademark or copyright registration or application included in the Intellectual Property of such Grantor that is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business. Grantor shall take commercially reasonable steps to defend title to and ownership of any Intellectual Property that is owned by such Grantor and is material to the conduct of such Grantor’s business. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 3.05 shall prevent any Grantor from disposing of, discontinuing the use or maintenance of, abandoning, failing to pursue or enforce or otherwise allowing to lapse, terminate, be invalidated or put into the public domain any of its registered or applied-for Intellectual Property that is no longer used or useful, or economically practicable to maintain, or if such Grantor determines in its reasonable business judgment that such discontinuance or such other action is desirable in the conduct of its business.

(b) Each Grantor agrees that, should it obtain an ownership or other interest in any Intellectual Property after the Issue Date (i) the provisions of this Agreement shall automatically apply thereto and (ii) any such Intellectual Property shall automatically become Intellectual Property subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, except, with respect to each of (i) and (ii) above, if such Intellectual Property is acquired under a license from a third party under which a security interest would not be permitted. For the avoidance of doubt, a security interest shall not be granted in any Intellectual Property that constitutes an Excluded Asset.

(c) Each Grantor, either itself or through any agent, employee, licensee or designee, shall (i) whenever a certificate is delivered or required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.03(b) of the Indenture, deliver to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent a schedule setting forth all of such Grantor’s registered and applied-for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights that are not listed on Schedule III hereto or on a schedule previously provided to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 3.05(c), and (ii) not more than three times per fiscal year, execute and deliver to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent a Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement, as applicable, or an amendment to a pre-existing Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement, as applicable, in respect of such Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights and promptly record such Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement or amendment to a pre-existing Patent Security Agreement, Trademark Security Agreement or Copyright Security Agreement, as applicable, with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or United States Copyright Office (or any successor office), as applicable.

ARTICLE IV

Remedies

SECTION 4.01. Remedies Upon Default. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, each Grantor agrees to deliver, on demand, each item of Collateral to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any Person designated by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, and it is agreed that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation) subject to Applicable Nuclear Laws to take any of or all the following actions at the same or different times: (a) with respect to any Article 9 Collateral consisting of Intellectual Property, on demand, to cause the Security Interest to become an assignment, transfer and conveyance of any of or all such Article 9 Collateral by the applicable Grantors to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, or to license, whether on an

 

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exclusive or nonexclusive basis, any such Article 9 Collateral throughout the world on such terms and conditions and in such manner as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall determine (other than in violation of any then-existing licensing arrangements or other agreement to the extent that waivers cannot be obtained), but in any event, on a revocable basis under terms whereby such license should terminate immediately upon cure of an Event of Default in connection with exercise of its remedies hereunder, and (b) with or without legal process and with or without prior notice or demand for performance, to take possession of the Article 9 Collateral and the Pledged Collateral and without liability for trespass to enter any premises where the Article 9 Collateral or the Pledged Collateral may be located for the purpose of taking possession of or removing the Article 9 Collateral and the Pledged Collateral and, generally, to exercise any and all rights afforded to a secured party under the UCC or other applicable law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Grantor agrees that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation), subject to the mandatory requirements of applicable law and the notice requirements described below, to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the Collateral at a public or private sale or at any broker’s board or on any securities exchange, for cash, upon credit or for future delivery as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall deem appropriate. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be authorized at any such sale of securities (if it deems it advisable to do so) to restrict the prospective bidders or purchasers to Persons who will represent and agree that they are purchasing the Collateral for their own account for investment and not with a view to the distribution or sale thereof, and upon consummation of any such sale the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right to assign, transfer and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the Collateral so sold. Each such purchaser at any sale of Collateral shall hold the property sold absolutely free from any claim or right on the part of any Grantor, and each Grantor hereby waives (to the extent permitted by law) all rights of redemption, stay and appraisal that such Grantor now has or may at any time in the future have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted.

The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall give the applicable Grantors no less than 10 days’ prior written notice (which each Grantor agrees is reasonable notice within the meaning of Section 9-611 of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions) of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s intention to make any sale of Collateral. Such notice, in the case of a public sale, shall state the time and place for such sale and, in the case of a sale at a broker’s board or on a securities exchange, shall state the board or exchange at which such sale is to be made and the day on which the Collateral or portion thereof, will first be offered for sale at such board or exchange. Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours and at such place or places as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may fix and state in the notice (if any) of such sale. At any such sale, the Collateral, or portion thereof, to be sold may be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate parcels, as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (in its sole and absolute discretion) determine. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall not be obligated to make any sale of any Collateral if it shall determine not to do so, regardless of the fact that notice of sale of such Collateral shall have been given. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time and place to which the same was so adjourned. In case any sale of all or any part of the Collateral is made on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent until the sale price is paid by the purchaser or purchasers thereof, but the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other

 

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Secured Parties shall not incur any liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to take up and pay for the Collateral so sold and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may be sold again upon like notice. At any public (or, to the extent permitted by law, private) sale made pursuant to this Agreement, any Secured Party may bid for or purchase, free (to the extent permitted by law) from any right of redemption, stay, valuation or appraisal on the part of any Grantor (all said rights being also hereby waived and released to the extent permitted by law), the Collateral or any part thereof offered for sale and may make payment on account thereof by using any claim then due and payable to such Secured Party from any Grantor as a credit against the purchase price, and such Secured Party may, upon compliance with the terms of sale, hold, retain and dispose of such property without further accountability to any Grantor therefor. For purposes hereof, a written agreement to purchase the Collateral or any portion thereof shall be treated as a sale thereof; the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be free to carry out such sale pursuant to such agreement and no Grantor shall be entitled to the return of the Collateral or any portion thereof subject thereto, notwithstanding the fact that after the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have entered into such an agreement all Events of Default shall have been remedied and the Notes Obligations paid in full. As an alternative to exercising the power of sale herein conferred upon it, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to) proceed by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose this Agreement and to sell the Collateral or any portion thereof pursuant to a judgment or decree of a court or courts having competent jurisdiction or pursuant to a proceeding by a court-appointed receiver. Any sale pursuant to the provisions of this Section 4.01 shall be deemed to conform to the commercial reasonableness standards as provided in Section 9-610(b) of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions.

SECTION 4.02. Securities Act. In view of the position of the Grantors in relation to the Pledged Collateral, or because of other current or future circumstances, a question may arise under the Securities Act of 1933, as now or hereafter in effect, or any similar statute hereafter enacted analogous in purpose or effect (such act and any such similar statute as from time to time in effect being called the “Federal Securities Laws”) with respect to any disposition of the Pledged Collateral permitted hereunder. Each Grantor understands that compliance with the Federal Securities Laws might very strictly limit the course of conduct of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent if the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent were to attempt to dispose of all or any part of the Pledged Collateral, and might also limit the extent to which or the manner in which any subsequent transferee of any Pledged Collateral could dispose of the same. Similarly, there may be other legal restrictions or limitations affecting the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in any attempt to dispose of all or part of the Pledged Collateral under applicable blue sky or other state securities laws or similar laws analogous in purpose or effect. Each Grantor recognizes that in light of such restrictions and limitations the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), with respect to any sale of the Pledged Collateral, limit the purchasers to those who will agree, among other things, to acquire such Pledged Collateral for their own account, for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that in light of such restrictions and limitations, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, (a) may (but shall not be obligated to) proceed to make such a sale whether or not a registration statement for the purpose of registering such Pledged Collateral or part thereof shall have been filed under the Federal Securities Laws to the extent the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent has determined that such a registration is not required by any Requirements of Law and (b) may (but shall not be obligated to) approach and negotiate with a limited number of potential purchasers (including a single potential purchaser) to effect such sale. Each Grantor acknowledges

 

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and agrees that any such sale might result in prices and other terms less favorable to the seller than if such sale were a public sale without such restrictions. In the event of any such sale, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall incur no responsibility or liability for selling all or any part of the Pledged Collateral at a price that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, may in good faith deem reasonable under the circumstances, notwithstanding the possibility that a substantially higher price might have been realized if the sale were deferred until after registration as aforesaid or if more than a limited number of purchasers (or a single purchaser) were approached. The provisions of this Section 4.02 will apply notwithstanding the existence of a public or private market upon which the quotations or sales prices may exceed substantially the price at which the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent sells all or any applicable part of the Pledged Collateral.

SECTION 4.03. Grant of License to Use Intellectual PropertyARTICLE V. For the exclusive purpose of enabling the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to exercise rights and remedies under this Agreement at such time as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be lawfully entitled (but not obligated) to exercise such rights and remedies, each Grantor shall, upon prior written request by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent at any time during the continuance of an Event of Default, grant to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent a nonexclusive, non-transferable irrevocable, royalty-free, limited license (until the termination or cure of the Event of Default) to use any of the Collateral consisting of Intellectual Property now owned or hereafter acquired by such Grantor, and wherever the same may be located, and including in such license reasonable access to all media in which any of the licensed items may be recorded or stored and to all computer software and programs used for the compilation or printout thereof; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 4.03 shall require Grantors to grant any license that is prohibited by any rule of law, statute or regulation, or is prohibited by, or constitutes a breach or default under or results in the termination of any contract, license, agreement, instrument or other document with respect to such Intellectual Property, or gives any third party any right of acceleration, modification, termination or cancellation in any such document, or otherwise unreasonably prejudices the value of such Intellectual Property to the relevant Grantor; provided, further, that such licenses to be granted hereunder with respect to Trademarks shall be subject to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s maintenance of quality standards with respect to the goods and services on which such Trademarks are used sufficient to preserve the validity of such Trademarks. For the avoidance of doubt, the use of such license by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may be exercised at the option of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, but in any event solely during the continuation of an Event of Default and upon termination of the Event of Default; such license to the Intellectual Property shall automatically and immediately terminate and any Intellectual Property in the possession of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be returned to such Grantor.

Miscellaneous

SECTION 5.01. Notices. All communications and notices hereunder shall (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein) be in writing and given as provided in Section 13.01 of the Indenture. All communications and notices hereunder to any Grantor shall be given to it in care of Holdings as provided in Section 13.01 of the Indenture.

 

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SECTION 5.02. Waivers; Amendment. (a) No failure or delay by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other Notes Document shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties hereunder and under the other Notes Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or the other Secured Parties would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any Note Party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section 5.02, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. No notice or demand on any Note Party in any case shall entitle any Note Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.

(b) Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Controlling Party and the Grantor or Grantors with respect to which such waiver, amendment or modification is to apply, subject to any consent required in accordance with Section 9.02 of the Indenture; provided that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), with the consent of the Controlling Party or otherwise in accordance with Section 4.14(c) of the Indenture, consent to a departure by any Grantor from any covenant of such Grantor set forth herein to the extent such departure is consistent with the authority of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent set forth in the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” in the Indenture.

SECTION 5.03. First Lien Notes Collateral Agents Fees and Expenses; Indemnification. (a) Each Grantor, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, agrees to reimburse the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for its fees and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred hereunder as provided in the fee agreement between the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the Issuer and as provided in Sections 7.07 and 12.02 of the Indenture; provided that each reference therein to the “Issuer” shall be deemed to be a reference to “each Grantor.”

(b) Without limitation of its indemnification obligations under the other Notes Documents, each Grantor, jointly with the other Grantors and severally, agrees to indemnify the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Trustee and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents (each an “Indemnitee”) against, and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and fees and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of one primary counsel and one local counsel in each relevant jurisdiction (and, in the case of a conflict of interest, where the Indemnitee affected by such conflict notifies the Issuer of the existence of such conflict and thereafter retains its own counsel, one additional counsel) for all Indemnitees (which may include a single special counsel acting in multiple jurisdictions), incurred by or asserted against any Indemnitee by any third party or by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether brought by a third party or by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such

 

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losses, claims, damages, liabilities, costs or related expenses (x) resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment) or (y) arose from disputes between or among Indemnitees (other than disputes involving claims against the Trustee or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, in each case, in their respective capacities) that do not involve an act or omission by Holdings, any Intermediate Parent, the Issuer or any Subsidiary.

(c) To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, no Grantor shall assert, and each Grantor hereby waives, any claim against any Indemnitee for any direct or actual damages arising from the use by unintended recipients of information or other materials distributed to such unintended recipients by such Indemnitee through telecommunications, electronic or other information transmission systems (including the Internet) in connection with this Agreement or the other Notes Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such direct or actual damages are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee.

(d) The provisions of this Section 5.03 shall remain operative and in full force and effect and shall survive regardless of the termination of this Agreement or any other Notes Document, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, the repayment of any of the Notes Obligations, the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Notes Document, or any investigation made by or on behalf of any Secured Party or the resignation or removal of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. All amounts due under this Section 5.03 shall be payable not later than 10 Business Days after written demand therefor; provided, however, any Indemnitee shall promptly refund an indemnification payment received hereunder to the extent that there is a final judicial determination that such Indemnitee was not entitled to indemnification with respect to such payment pursuant to this Section 5.03. Any such amounts payable as provided hereunder shall be additional Notes Obligations.

SECTION 5.04. Successors and Assigns. Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the permitted successors and assigns of such party, and all covenants, promises and agreements by or on behalf of any Grantor or the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent that are contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.

SECTION 5.05. Survival of Agreement. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Note Parties in this Agreement or any other Notes Document and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement or any other Notes Document shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Secured Parties and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Notes Documents, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Secured Party, and shall continue in full force and effect until either (x) the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture in accordance with Article 11 of the Indenture or (y) a Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance of the Indenture in accordance with Article 8 of the Indenture has occurred (either such event, a “Termination Event”), in each case, in accordance with and subject to provisions in the Indenture that are expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture.

 

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SECTION 5.06. Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as to any Grantor when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Grantor shall have been delivered to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on behalf of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, and thereafter shall be binding upon such Grantor and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of such Grantor, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and their respective successors and assigns, except that no Grantor shall have the right to assign or transfer its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein (and any such assignment or transfer shall be void) except as expressly provided in this Agreement and the Indenture. This Agreement shall be construed as a separate agreement with respect to each Grantor and may be amended, modified, supplemented, waived or released with respect to any Grantor without the approval of any other Grantor and without affecting the obligations of any other Grantor hereunder.

SECTION 5.07. Severability. Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.

SECTION 5.08. Right of Set-off. If an Event of Default under the Indenture shall have occurred and be continuing, each Secured Party and any of their respective Affiliates is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final, in whatever currency) at any time held and other obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by such Secured Party or any such Affiliate to or for the credit or the account of any Grantor against any of and all the obligations of such Grantor then due and owing under this Agreement or any other Notes Document held by such Secured Party, irrespective of whether or not such Secured Party shall have made any demand under this Agreement and although (i) such obligations may be contingent or unmatured and (ii) such obligations are owed to a branch or office of such Secured Party different from the branch or office holding such deposit or obligated on such Indebtedness. The applicable Secured Party shall notify the applicable Grantor and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent of such setoff and application; provided that any failure to give or any delay in giving such notice shall not affect the validity of any such setoff and application under this Section 5.08. The rights of each Secured Party and their respective Affiliates under this Section 5.08 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Secured Party and any of their respective Affiliates may have.

 

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SECTION 5.09. Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process; Appointment of Service of Process Agent. (a) This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

(b) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect any right that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, the Trustee or any Holder may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement against any Grantor or its respective properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.

(c) Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any court referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section 5.09. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

(d) Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 5.01. Nothing in this Agreement will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.

(e) Each Grantor hereby irrevocably designates, appoints and empowers the Issuer as its designee, appointee and agent to receive, accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf, and in respect of its property, service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents that may be served in any such action or proceeding and the Issuer hereby accepts such designation and appointment.

SECTION 5.10. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER NOTES DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 5.10.

 

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SECTION 5.11. Headings. Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.

SECTION 5.12. Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder, the Security Interest, the grant of a security interest in the Pledged Collateral and all obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of the Indenture, any other Notes Document, any agreement with respect to any of the Notes Obligations or any other agreement or instrument relating to any of the foregoing, (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Notes Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to any departure from the Indenture, any other Notes Document or any other agreement or instrument, (c) any exchange, release or non-perfection of any Lien on other collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent under or departure from any guarantee securing or guaranteeing all or any of the Notes Obligations or (d) any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, any Grantor in respect of the Notes Obligations or this Agreement.

SECTION 5.13. Termination or Release. (a) This Agreement, the Security Interest and all other security interests granted hereby shall terminate automatically upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions of the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture).

(b) The Security Interest and all other security interests granted hereby shall also automatically terminate and be released at the time or times and in the manner set forth in Section 12.03 of the Indenture.

(c) In connection with any termination or release pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to any Note Party, at such Note Party’s expense, all documents prepared by or on behalf of such Note Party that such Note Party shall reasonably request in writing to evidence such termination or release so long as the applicable Note Party shall have provided the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent such certifications or documents as the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall reasonably request in order to demonstrate compliance with this Section 5.13. Any execution and delivery of documents by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section shall be without recourse to or representation or warranty of any kind by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party.

SECTION 5.14. Additional Subsidiaries. The Grantors shall cause, consistent with the Indenture, each Intermediate Parent and each Restricted Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary, or to the extent required by the Indenture, any other Restricted Subsidiary that the Issuer, at its option, elects to become a Grantor, to execute and deliver to the First Lien Notes

 

-25-


Collateral Agent a Grantor Supplement and a Perfection Certificate (or a supplement thereof) regarding such Intermediate Parent or Restricted Subsidiary within the time period provided in Section 4.13 of the Indenture. Upon execution and delivery of such documents to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, any such Intermediate Parent or Subsidiary shall become a Grantor, as applicable, hereunder with the same force and effect as if originally named as such herein. The execution and delivery of any such instrument or document shall not require the consent of any other Grantor hereunder. The rights and obligations of each Grantor hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of any new Grantor as a party to this Agreement.

SECTION 5.15. First Lien Notes Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact. Each Grantor hereby makes, constitutes and appoints the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent (and all officers, employees or agents designated by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent) the attorney-in-fact of such Grantor for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and taking any action and executing any instrument that the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes hereof at any time after and during the continuance of an Event of Default, which appointment is irrevocable (until termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 5.13) and coupled with an interest. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation), but only upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default and, other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 6.01(h) or 6.01(i) of the Indenture, written notice by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to the Issuer of its intent to exercise such rights, with full power of substitution either in the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s name or in the name of such Grantor: (a) to receive, indorse, assign and/or deliver any and all notes, acceptances, checks, drafts, money orders or other evidences of payment relating to the Collateral or any part thereof; (b) to demand, collect, receive payment of, give receipt for and give discharges and releases of all or any of the Collateral; (c) to sign the name of any Grantor on any invoice or bill of lading relating to any of the Collateral; (d) upon prior written notice to the Issuer (other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 6.01(h) or 6.01(i) of the Indenture), to send verifications of accounts receivable to any Account Debtor; (e) to commence and prosecute any and all suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity in any court of competent jurisdiction to collect or otherwise realize on all or any of the Collateral or to enforce any rights in respect of any Collateral; (f) to settle, compromise, compound, adjust or defend any actions, suits or proceedings relating to all or any of the Collateral; (g) upon prior written notice to the Issuer (other than in the case of any Event of Default arising under Section 6.01(h) or 6.01(i) of the Indenture), to notify, or to require any Grantor to notify, Account Debtors to make payment directly to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent; (h) to use, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, make any agreement with respect to or otherwise deal with all or any of the Collateral, and to do all other acts and things necessary to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, as fully and completely as though the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent were the absolute owner of the Collateral for all purposes, and (i) to make, settle and adjust claims in respect of Article 9 Collateral under policies of insurance, indorsing the name of such Grantor on any check, draft, instrument or other item of payment for the proceeds of such policies of insurance and for making all determinations and decisions with respect thereto; provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring or obligating the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent to make any commitment or to make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, or to present or file any claim or notice, or to take any action with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof or the moneys due or to become due in respect thereof or any property covered thereby. The First

 

-26-


Lien Notes Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall be accountable only for amounts actually received as a result of the exercise of the powers granted to them herein, and neither they nor their officers, directors, employees or agents shall be responsible to any Grantor for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for their own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct or that of any of their controlled Affiliates, directors, officers, employees, counsel, agents or attorneys-in-fact.

SECTION 5.16. Intercreditor Agreements Govern . Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) the Liens and security interests granted to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to this Agreement and (ii) the exercise of any right or remedy by the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent hereunder or the application of proceeds (including insurance proceeds and condemnation proceeds) of any Collateral, are subject to the provisions of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the ABL Intercreditor Agreement and the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, if and to the extent applicable and/or in effect. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the terms of the ABL Intercreditor Agreement, the terms of First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement and the terms of this Agreement, the terms of the First/Second Lien Intercreditor Agreement, the ABL Intercreditor Agreement and the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, as applicable, shall govern.

The Trustee, by its acceptance of the benefits of this Agreement and each Holder, by its acceptance of the Notes and the benefits of this Agreement, acknowledges and agrees that upon the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s entry into the Intercreditor Agreements, as applicable, the Trustee and each Holder will be subject to and bound by the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreements as Initial Additional Authorized Representative (as defined in the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement).

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, prior to the Discharge of Credit Agreement Obligations (as defined in the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement), to the extent any Grantor is required hereunder to indorse, assign or deliver Collateral to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent for any purpose and is unable to do so as a result of having previously indorsed, assigned or delivered such Collateral to the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent (as defined in the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement) in accordance with the terms of the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement, such Grantor’s obligations hereunder with respect to such indorsement, assignment or delivery shall be deemed satisfied by the indorsement, assignment or delivery in favor of or to the Credit Agreement Collateral Agent (as defined in the First Lien Pari Passu Intercreditor Agreement), acting as a gratuitous bailee for the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

SECTION 5.17. Concerning the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

(a) Wilmington Trust, National Association is entering this Agreement not in its individual capacity, but solely in its capacity as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, indemnities and immunities granted to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent in the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, indemnities and immunities were set forth herein. In the case of a conflict between this Agreement or any other Security Document and the Indenture with respect to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent’s rights, the Indenture shall control.

 

-27-


(b) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or any other Notes Document to the contrary, in the exercise of any power or discretion under this Agreement, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to seek the direction of the Trustee or the Controlling Party and shall be entitled to refrain from acting (and shall have no liability to any Person for doing so) until it has received such direction accompanied by, if requested, indemnity or security satisfactory to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC.,
as Holdings
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC,
as Issuer
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH LLC,
as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

STERIGENICS U.S., LLC,
as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Notes Collateral Agreement]


NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC,
as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

SOTERA HEALTH SERVICES, LLC,
as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Notes Collateral Agreement]


STERIGENICS RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES HOLDINGS, LLC,
as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Matthew D. Shimkus
  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and
              Secretary

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Notes Collateral Agreement]


STERIGENICS RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES, LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Matthew D. Shimkus
  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and Secretary

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Notes Collateral Agreement]


NELSON LABORATORIES HOLDINGS, LLC,
as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Bruce T. Krarup
  Name: Bruce T. Krarup
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and
              Secretary

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Notes Collateral Agreement]


NELSON LABORATORIES FAIRFIELD HOLDINGS, LLC, as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Bruce T. Krarup
  Name: Bruce T. Krarup
  Title:   Vice President, Treasurer and
              Secretary

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Notes Collateral Agreement]


IOTRON INDUSTRIES USA INC.,
as a Grantor
By:   /s/ Matthew D. Shimkus
  Name: Matthew D. Shimkus
  Title: Vice President, Treasurer and
          Secretary

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Notes Collateral Agreement]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, solely in its capacity as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President

 

[Signature Page to First Lien Notes Collateral Agreement]

EX-10.27

Exhibit 10.27

PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of July 31, 2020 (this “Agreement”), among STERIGENICS U.S., LLC (the “Grantor”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “First Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the Indenture dated as of July 31, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”), WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and (b) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated of July 31, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Issuer, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the First Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Patents listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Patent Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any patent or patent application.

SECTION 3. First Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Patent Collateral are more fully set forth in the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the First Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 4. Termination. Subject to Section 5.13 of the First Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article 2 of the Indenture), the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, without recourse, representation or warranty of any kind, execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantors all instruments in writing prepared by or on behalf of the Grantor in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Patent Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

SECTION 7. Concerning the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement. Wilmington Trust, National Association is executing this Agreement not in its individual or corporate capacity, but solely in its capacity as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities granted to it under the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities were set forth herein.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

-2-


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

STERIGENICS U.S., LLC, as Grantor
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page Patent Security Agreement]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By:   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title:   Vice President

[Signature Page Patent Security Agreement]

EX-10.28

Exhibit 10.28

TRADEMARK SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of July 31, 2020 (this “Agreement”), among SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC (the “Grantor”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “First Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the Indenture dated as of July 31, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”) and WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and (b) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated of July 31, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Issuer, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the First Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Trademarks listed on Schedule I attached hereto (the “Trademark Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any trademark or trademark application. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trademark Collateral shall not include, and in no event shall the Security Interest attach to, any intent-to-use trademark applications filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1051, prior to the accepted filing of a “Statement of Use” and issuance of a “Certificate of Registration” pursuant to Section 1(d) of the Lanham Act or an accepted filing of an “Amendment to Allege Use” whereby such intent-to-use trademark application is converted to a “use in commerce” application pursuant to Section 1(c) of the Lanham Act.

SECTION 3. Termination. Subject to Section 5.13 of the First Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article 2 of the Indenture), the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, without recourse, representation or warranty of any kind, execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantors all instruments in writing prepared by or on behalf of the Grantor in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Trademark Collateral under this Agreement.

 

1


SECTION 4. First Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Trademark Collateral are more fully set forth in the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the First Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

SECTION 7. Concerning the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement. Wilmington Trust, National Association is executing this Agreement not in its individual or corporate capacity, but solely in its capacity as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities granted to it under the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities were set forth herein.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, as Grantor
By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
 

Title:   Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Trademark Security Agreement]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent
By   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title:   Vice President

[Signature Page to Trademark Security Agreement]

 

EX-10.29

Exhibit 10.29

COPYRIGHT SECURITY AGREEMENT, dated as of July 31, 2020 (this “Agreement”), among NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC (the “Grantor”) and WILMINTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture (as defined below) (in such capacity, together with its successors and assigns, the “First Lien Notes Collateral Agent”).

Reference is made to (a) the Indenture dated as of July 31, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) among SOTERA HEALTH TOPCO, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Holdings”), SOTERA HEALTH HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Issuer”), WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent and (b) the First Lien Collateral Agreement dated of July 31, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “First Lien Collateral Agreement”) among the Issuer, the other Grantors from time to time party thereto, Holdings, and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

SECTION 1. Terms. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the First Lien Collateral Agreement. The rules of construction specified in Section 1.01(b) of the First Lien Collateral Agreement also apply to this Agreement.

SECTION 2. Grant of Security Interest. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Notes Obligations, the Grantor hereby grants to the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “Security Interest”) in all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the United States Copyrights listed on Schedule I attached hereto (collectively, the “Copyright Collateral”). This Agreement is not to be construed as an assignment of any copyright or copyright application.

SECTION 3. First Lien Collateral Agreement. The Grantor hereby acknowledges and affirms that the rights and remedies of the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent with respect to the Copyright Collateral are more fully set forth in the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms and provisions of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the First Lien Collateral Agreement, the terms of the First Lien Collateral Agreement shall govern.

SECTION 4. Termination. Subject to Section 5.13 of the First Lien Collateral Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Termination Event (other than those provisions in the Indenture expressly contemplated to survive a Termination Event and any contingent obligations not yet due and owing under Sections 7.07 and 8.06 of the Indenture and Article II of the Indenture), the security interest granted herein shall terminate and the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall, without recourse, representation or warranty of any kind, execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Grantor all instruments in writing prepared by or on behalf of the Grantor in recordable form to evidence and release the collateral pledge, grant, assignment, lien and security interest in the Copyright Collateral under this Agreement.


SECTION 5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

SECTION 6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York.

SECTION 7. Concerning the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent. The First Lien Notes Collateral Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement. Wilmington Trust, National Association is executing this Agreement not in its individual or corporate capacity, but solely in its capacity as First Lien Notes Collateral Agent under the Indenture. In acting hereunder, the First Lien Notes Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities granted to it under the Indenture, including without limitation those set forth in Articles 7 and 12 of the Indenture, as if such rights, privileges, immunities and indemnities were set forth herein.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

 

-2-


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

NELSON LABORATORIES, LLC, as

Grantor

By   /s/ Scott J. Leffler
  Name: Scott J. Leffler
  Title: Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

[Signature Page to Copyright Security Agreement]


WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION, as First Lien Notes
Collateral Agent
By   /s/ W. Thomas Morris II
  Name: W. Thomas Morris II
  Title: Vice President

[Signature Page to Copyright Security Agreement]

EX-10.30

Exhibit 10.30

[Certain confidential portions of this exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K and marked with asterisks. The omitted information is (i) not material and (ii) would likely cause us competitive harm if publicly disclosed.]

RESTATED SUPPLY AGREEMENT

[***] / STERIGENICS U.S., LLC., STERIGENICS S. DE R.L. DE C.V., STERIGENICS COSTA RICA S.R.L., STERIGENICS EO CANADA, INC.

Effective Date: October 6, 2020

[***] acting through its [***] segment, located at [***] (“Seller”), agrees to sell and each of STERIGENICS U.S., LLC (“Sterigenics U.S.”), STERIGENICS S. DE R.L. DE C.V. (“Sterigenics Mexico”), STERIGENICS COSTA RICA S.R.L. (“Sterigenics Costa Rica”) and STERIGENICS EO CANADA, INC. (“Sterigenics Canada”) (collectively, Sterigenics U.S., Sterigenics Mexico, Sterigenics Costa Rica and Sterigenics Canada are referred to as “Buyer” or “Sterigenics”) agrees to purchase for and use by its contract sterilization facilities in its respective territory Product described in this Agreement at the prices and upon the terms set forth in the Agreement.

DEFINITIONS:

 

  A.

Term: This Agreement will be in effect October 6, 2020 and will continue in effect until December 31, 2030, unless extended as set forth in Paragraph K.

 

  B.

Requirements:

 

  1.

Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada - [***] of requirements of ethylene oxide for use by Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada by and at their respective ethylene oxide contract sterilization facilities in the USA and Canada.

 

  2.

Sterigenics Costa Rica - [***] of requirements of ethylene oxide for use by Sterigenics Costa Rica by and at its ethylene oxide contract sterilization facilities in Costa Rica, subject to the forecast applicable to Sterigenics Costa Rica in Terms and Conditions, Paragraph D, Volume Estimate.

 

  3.

Sterigenics Mexico - Seller will provide ethylene oxide, when ordered by Sterigenics Mexico, subject to the forecast applicable to Sterigenics Mexico in Terms and Conditions, Paragraph D, Volume Estimate.

 

  C.

Product: Ethylene Oxide.

 

  D.

Volume Estimate: For planning purposes only. These volume estimates are not a requirement or guarantee:

 

  1.

Sterigenics U.S and Sterigenics Canada- [***] pounds annually.


  2.

Sterigenics Mexico and Sterigenics Costa Rica will provide Seller with an annual forecast each November to determine volumes for upcoming calendar year. Sterigenics Mexico and Costa Rica will provide an updated rolling quarterly forecast, which will include four (4) quarters; the upcoming current quarter and the three (3) following quarters. The current quarter will be based on mutually agreeably lead times. This rolling forecast shall be submitted to Seller thirty (30) days prior to the commencement of the upcoming quarter to be forecasted.

 

  E.

Specifications: See Schedule A.

 

  F.

Container(s):

 

  1.

Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada -All containers and packaging, including, but not limited to, 400-pound UN-1A1 drums, 175-pound cylinders, 0.5-pound DOT 3E 1800 lecture bottles, will fully comply with current and future applicable laws, regulations and rules, including but not limited to U.S. DOT Spec and Transport Canada requirements.

 

  2.

Sterigenics Mexico - All containers and packaging, including, but not limited to, 400-pound UN-1A1 drums, will fully comply with current applicable laws, regulations and rules, including but not limited to U.S. DOT Spec.

 

  3.

Sterigenics Costa Rica -All containers and packaging, including, but not limited to, 400-pound UN-1A1 drums, DOT Spec packaging, 0.5-pound DOT 3 E 1800 lecture bottles, will fully comply with current applicable laws, regulations and rules, including but not limited to U.S. DOT Spec.

 

  4.

In the event of future changes in applicable laws, regulations or rules requiring changes in the Container(s) in Costa Rica and Mexico, the Parties agree to discuss jointly in good faith regulatory implications, required changes and cost impacts associated therewith.

 

  G.

Delivery and Shipment:

 

  1.

Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada - DAP (INCOTERMS 2010) Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada respective facilities, shipped via Seller’s trucks or via common carrier.

 

  2.

Sterigenics Mexico - DAP (INCOTERMS 2010), Sterigenics Mexico’s Cuautitlan, Mexico facility, shipped via common carrier.

 

  3.

Sterigenics Costa Rica- DAP (INCOTERMS 2010), Sterigenics Costa Rica Alajuela, Costa Rica facility, shipped via ocean container, [***] drums minimum per shipment.)

 

  H.

Price And Price Adjustments: Schedule B shall remain effective until December 31, 2021. Thereafter, Schedule C will apply effective on January 1, 2022.


  I.

Demurrage: Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada are each entitled to utilize any of the shipping Containers for sixty (60) days free of charge from the date of receipt at each of their respective plants until the Containers are received back at Seller’s plant. Sterigenics Mexico and Sterigenics Costa Rica are each entitled to utilize any of the shipping Containers for one hundred twenty (120) days free of charge from the date of receipt at each of their respective plants until the Containers are received back at Seller’s plant. A demurrage fee of [***] per day per. Container will be assessed and billed for all days in excess of the respective limit until the return of the Containers to the Seller’s plant.

 

  J.

Terms of Payment: Net [***] from receipt of invoice, beginning 14 days after the signing of this Agreement until December 31, 2021. Beginning on January 1, 2022, payment terms shall be Net [***] from receipt of invoice.

 

  K.

Extension Period(s): This contract will automatically renew for successive one (1) year periods unless either party notifies the other party in writing eighteen (18) months prior to the then applicable contract expiration date of its desire to terminate this contract as of that expiration date. The pricing provisions set forth in Paragraph H shall continue to apply to such renewal periods.

THIS CONTRACT IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS WHICH ARE SPECIFICALLY INCORPORATED INTO AND MADE A PART OF THIS AGREEMENT.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

 

1.

ACCEPTANCE

(A) The terms and conditions set forth herein and on the cover page(s) of any particular order(s) or contract to which these Terms and Conditions relate contain the sole, entire and exclusive agreement between the Seller and the Buyer with respect to the sale and purchase of Product covered by any such order(s) or contract, superseding all prior discussions, proposals, negotiations, representations and agreements. Any additional or conflicting terms, whether or not material, shall not in any manner, by implication, by waiver, or otherwise, govern the relationship between Seller and Buyer. Any waiver, modification or amendment of these Terms and Conditions shall only be effective if such waiver, modification or amendment is contained in a written instrument duly executed by or on behalf of Seller and Buyer. Requested Specification changes are subject to express written acceptance by Seller in its discretion, and to price revisions and to any adjustments deemed necessary by Seller to cover material procured, processed and labor expended in connection with such changes.

(B) Acceptance of any order by Seller is specifically conditioned upon the terms and conditions set forth herein. No modification hereof shall be effected by Seller’s receipt of any proposed purchase order containing additional or different terms or conditions.

 

2.

SALE AND PURCHASE LOCATION(S)

On the terms and conditions set forth herein, Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada shall purchase from Seller and Seller shall sell to each of Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada their total present and future Requirements of Product for use by Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada at each of their respective contract sterilization facilities in the U.S. and Canada and if any of Sterigenics U.S.’s and Sterigenics Canada’s contract sterilization operations are hereafter conducted at new or expanded contract sterilization facilities in the U.S. and Canada locations, then the Requirements of Product at such locations will be supplied by Seller to Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada and purchased by Sterigenics U.S. and Sterigenics Canada pursuant hereto. Additionally, on


the terms and conditions set forth herein, Sterigenics Mexico and Sterigenics Costa Rica shall purchase from Seller and Seller shall sell to each of Sterigenics Mexico and Sterigenics Costa Rica Product as ordered pursuant to the forecasts provided under Paragraph D by Sterigenics Mexico and Sterigenics Costa Rica, respectively.

 

3.

PRICE AND PAYMENT

Seller will invoice Buyer and Buyer will pay Seller for Product in accordance with the Price of Product and Terms of Payment set forth in Paragraphs H & J of the Definition section of the Agreement hereto. If Buyer fails to make timely payment in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, or Buyer’s credit becomes impaired, as set forth in paragraph 11 hereof, Seller reserves the right to:

 

  (a)

Refuse to supply Product to Buyer under any order unless Buyer pays cash in advance with order and/or makes payment in full of all outstanding charges; and/or

 

  (b)

At the discretion of the Seller, assess and collect from Buyer a late charge on any delinquent balance, computed as follows: 1.0% per month on balances over 45 days; and/or

 

  (c)

Terminate or suspend this Agreement upon thirty (30) days written notice to Buyer, if Buyer does not rectify within a forty-five (45) day period.

Buyer shall receive no credit or refund for Product which meets the Specifications set forth in Schedule A which is delivered to Buyer but not used. This does not supersede mechanical defects of Seller’s cylinders.

 

4.

DELIVERY OF PRODUCT: TITLE

(A) Product shall be delivered by Seller in accordance with the Delivery and Shipment provisions of Paragraph G of the Definition section of the Agreement. Title and risk of loss shall pass to Buyer F.O.B. Buyer’s facility. Seller’s quantity measurements taken at Seller’s facility shall govern. Except as otherwise provided for hereunder, all drums, cylinders and other containers in which Product is delivered are and shall remain the property of Seller and are returnable in good condition promptly after being emptied, considering ordinary wear and tear

(B) Seller will:

 

  (a)

Excluding supply to Sterigenics Costa Rica and Sterigenics Mexico, upon receipt of reasonable advance notice, deliver to Buyer’s location quantities of Product as are necessary to satisfy and supply Buyer’s Requirements at such locations, and subject to the provisions of Paragraph 10 of the Terms and Conditions, if Seller is unable to supply Product as required within sixty (60) days when required, Buyer has the right to obtain Product to satisfy its Requirements from another source for that particular order only, subject to the terms of Paragraph 9C. Should Seller fail to supply Product as required to the same location on more than two (2) occasions in the same calendar year, the adversely affected Buyer shall have the right to terminate this Agreement without recourse by or liability to the Seller, subject to the provisions of Paragraph 10 of the Terms and Conditions.


(C) Buyer will:

 

  (a)

Monitor the inventory of Product at Buyer’s location and regularly advise Seller of the level thereof at each such location.

 

  (b)

Reimburse Seller upon Seller’s request, reasonable additional costs incurred if, during Product deliveries, Seller experiences frequent delays within Buyer’s control and not arising out of Seller’s acts or omissions.

 

  (c)

Deliveries may be made twenty-four (24) hours per day, seven (7) days per week.

(D) Deliveries which may be made during a strike or other labor disturbance affecting Buyer’s plants shall be at Buyer’s sole risk, and Buyer hereby indemnifies and holds Seller harmless from and against all of the costs, damages, liabilities or claims arising out of or associated with any such delivery which are not regularly incurred by Seller in the ordinary course of normal deliveries hereunder and which do not arise out of Seller’s negligent acts or omissions.

 

5.

SPECIFICATIONS

All Product delivered by Seller under this Agreement shall strictly conform to the Specification set forth in Schedule A hereto.

 

6.

PRICE ADJUSTMENT

See Paragraph H of the Definition section of the Agreement

 

7.

TAXES

Taxes imposed upon the storage, sale, transportation, delivery, use or consumption of Product, or any other tax, howsoever denominated and measured involving Product, shall be paid directly by Buyer, or if paid by Seller, shall be invoiced to Buyer as a separate item and paid by Buyer to Seller.

 

8.

SELLER’S WARRANTY

Seller warrants that the Product delivered to Buyer shall conform to the Specifications set forth on Schedule A hereto and that at the time of delivery Seller shall have good title to and the right to transfer such Product and that the same shall be delivered free of encumbrances and that the Containers in which the Product will be delivered will be appropriate for containing and shipping the Product and will be free from defects and leaks. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FOREGOING, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

 

9.

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

(A) Buyer acknowledges that there are hazards associated with the use of the Product, that it has received Seller’s current Material Safety Data Sheet, that it understands such hazards, and that it is the Buyer’s responsibility to warn and protect its employees, independent contractors, invitees, and others exposed to such hazards through Buyer’s storage and use of the Product.


(B) Seller’s sole liability and Buyer’s exclusive remedy for the non-delivery of Product or for the delivery of Product not conforming to the specification (and which Seller does not elect to replace with conforming Product) shall be limited to the purchase price of the quantity of Product. IN NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE, WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT OR OTHERWISE, FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF WORK IN PROCESS, DOWN TIME OR LOSS OF PROFITS.

(C) In the case where Seller is unable to satisfy Requirements or any portion thereof, Seller shall be liable for: (i) the difference between the purchase price of the Product, if the seller had supplied, and the price actually paid by the Buyer for the Product from another source and (ii) additional shipping and container costs incurred by Buyer.

(D) Buyer will receive documents from Seller, including Seller’s Material Safety Data Sheet and any revision thereof, containing safety and health information pertaining to Product, and Buyer will incorporate such information into Buyer’s safety program. This information is available to Buyer.

(E) Each party hereby agrees to indemnify, defend and hold the other party, its affiliates and their respective employees, officers and directors harmless from any actions, lawsuits, demands, claims, losses, expenses, costs, including but not limited to reasonable legal fees, and damages, arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, and to the extent arising out of the other party’s negligence or its breach of its obligations hereunder.

(F) IN NO EVENT WHATSOEVER SHALL BUYER BE LIABLE, WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT OR OTHERWISE, FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF PROFITS.

 

10.

FORCE MAJEURE

(A) Neither party hereto shall be considered in default in the performance of its obligations hereunder (other than its obligation to make any payment of money hereunder), or be liable in damages or otherwise for any failure or delay in performance which is due to strike, lockout, concerted act of worker’s or other industrial disturbance, fire, explosion, flood or other natural catastrophe, civil disturbance, riot or armed conflict, whether declared or undeclared, acts of terrorism, curtailment, shortage, rationing or allocation of normal sources of supply of labor, materials, transportation, energy, or utilities, machinery or equipment breakdown, abnormal transportation, energy, or utilities, machinery or equipment breakdown, abnormal demand, lack of transportation or distribution equipment, accident, Act of God, sufferance of or voluntary compliance with acts of government and government regulations (whether or not valid), embargoes or any other similar or dissimilar cause which is beyond the reasonable control of the party affected.

(B) Neither party hereto shall be required to make any concession or grant any demand or request to bring to an end any strike or other concerted act of workers.

(C) Either party affected by an event described in this paragraph shall, promptly upon learning of such event and ascertaining that it has or will affect its performance hereunder, give notice to the other party, stating the nature of the event, its anticipated duration and any action being taken to avoid or minimize its effect.


(D) Seller may during any period of Product shortages prorate the Product among its various customers.

(E) In the event Seller is unable, due to any such cause or otherwise, to fulfill Buyer’s total requirements of Product in addition to payments set forth in 9(c), Buyer agrees to accept, as full and complete performance by Seller, deliveries in accordance with such allocations as Seller may make.

Provided, however, that Buyer shall have the right to satisfy its unfilled requirements from any available approved supplier without any liability to or recourse by Seller.

 

11.

IMPAIRMENT OF CREDIT

An impairment of credit is: (i) any action that is brought by or against Buyer under any present or future bankruptcy or insolvency laws seeking any reorganization, arrangement, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief with respect to Buyer, (ii) Buyer makes any assignment for the benefit of creditors, (iii) a receiver is appointed for Buyer, (iv) Buyer shall fail to make payments in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

12.

PRODUCT CLAIMS

Buyer shall inspect Product immediately after Product arrives at Buyer’s location(s). Buyer’s failure to give notice to Seller of any claim regarding Product within thirty (30) days after the arrival of Product at Buyer’s location(s) shall constitute an acceptance by Buyer of such Product and a waiver of Buyer’s claims in respect thereof.

 

13.

ASSIGNMENT

This Agreement shall be binding upon the parties and their heirs, administrators, executors, acquirers, successors, and assignees of either party. No party hereto may assign this Agreement without the written consent of the other party, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, except to an affiliate of a party or in the case of a merger or sale of all or substantially all of its stock or assets of the business to which this Agreement relates.

 

14.

NOTICE

Any notices, unless otherwise provided herein, will be in writing or facsimile provided that a return facsimile is received confirming the receipt of said facsimile. Any notice by letter under this Agreement will be deemed given on the date such correspondence is postmarked.

 

15.

APPLICABLE LAW

This Agreement is to be interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York as in effect for agreements made and performed in New York. Seller assumes full liability and responsibility for compliance with Federal (including EPA, FIFRA), State, Municipal and local


laws, ordinances and regulations prior to unloading of Product at Buyer’s site. Buyer assumes full liability and responsibility for compliance with Federal (including, EPA, FIFRA), State, Municipal and local laws, ordinances and regulations governing the use, unloading, discharge, storage, and handling of product supplied by Seller under this Agreement.

 

16.

CONFIDENTIALITY

Each Party hereby agrees to keep information learned, discovered or disclosed by the other Party during the term of this Agreement and for a period of five (5) years after its termination, confidential and shall not disclose to any third party or use any of the information for any purpose other than in connection with this Agreement. Such confidential information shall be revealed to only those directors, officers and employees of the receiving party who have a need to know the information in order to engage in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and who have agreed to be bound by the terms hereof. Upon termination of this Agreement, each Party shall promptly return to the other Party all materials, in any tangible or intangible form (including, without limitation, electronic media) in its possession or control, which contains any confidential information.

 

17.

PRIOR AGREEMENT

This Agreement supersedes any prior agreement or agreements between Buyer and Seller for delivery of Product to Buyer’s Location(s).

 

18.

INSURANCE

Buyer and Seller agree to maintain sufficient insurance to cover their potential liabilities hereunder, but in no event shall its commercial general liability insurance policies be written to include per occurrence limits of liability less than $2,000,000. Buyer’s applicable commercial general liability insurance policies shall name Seller as an additional insured and Seller’s applicable commercial general liability insurance policies shall name Buyer as an additionally insured. Buyer and Seller shall provide a certificate evidencing such insurance, acceptable to the other, upon request.

 

19.

ENTIRE AGREEMENT

The entire Agreement is contained herein and in the Schedule(s) hereto. No modification or waiver of this Agreement shall bind Seller or Buyer unless expressly set forth in writing and signed and accepted by an authorized representative of Seller and Buyer.

 

20.

WAIVER AND RELEASE

Seller hereby waives and releases any and all claims it may have against Sterigenics International, Buyer and their successors for failure to satisfy any and all Mexico volume requirements prior to January 1, 2014.

 

21.

COUNTERPARTS.

This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which together shall be deemed to be one and the same agreement. A signed copy of this Agreement delivered by e-mail or other means of electronic transmission shall be deemed to have the same legal effect as delivery of an original signed copy of this Agreement.


22.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Buyer and Seller hereby acknowledge that this Agreement restates and replaces in its entirety that certain Supply Agreement, dated as of January 1, 2010, and as amended on June 1, 2011, November 1, 2012, September 25, 2013 and August 31, 2020.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the respective parties hereunto are legally empowered to enter into this Agreement in accordance with their individual company’s policies and/or by-laws and so set their signatures the day and year of acceptance.

 

STERIGENICS U.S., LLC

   [***]

By: /s/ Michael P. Rutz

  

By: [***]

Name: Michael P. Rutz

  

Name: [***]

Date: October 6, 2020

  

Date: October 8, 2020

STERIGENICS EO CANADA, INC.

   STERIGENICS S. DE R.L. DE C.V.

By: /s/ Philip W. Macnabb

  

By: /s/ Philip W. Macnabb

Name: Philip W. Macnabb

  

Name: Philip W. Macnabb

Date: October 6, 2020

  

Date: October 6, 2020

STERIGENICS COSTA RICA S.R.L.

  

By: /s/ Philip W. Macnabb

  

Name: Philip W. Macnabb

  

Date: October 6, 2020

  
EX-23.2

Exhibit 23.2

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Experts” and to the use of our report dated September 2, 2020, in the Registration Statement (Form S-1) and related Prospectus of Sotera Health Company (formerly known as Sotera Health Topco, Inc.) for the registration of shares of its common stock.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Akron, Ohio

October 23, 2020